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Manrique-Guzman S, Lerma A, Larocque-Guzman CM, Revilla-Pacheco FR, Herrada-Pineda T, Moscardini-Martelli J, Lerma C. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the Oswestry disability index for Mexican population. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:2910-2917. [PMID: 37439008 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2232303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to adapt a Spanish translation of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) into a cross-cultural version for the Mexican population. The objectives were to verify the validity and reliability of the adapted ODI and to compare pain perception between patients with and without obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We included 102 patients with low back pain from two neurosurgery departments in Mexico. The ODI questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted. Validity and construct were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis, and the external convergent validity was assessed by correlating ODI scores with pain intensity, age, and obesity. Test-retest reliability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and confirmatory analysis was employed to validate the factorial structure. RESULTS Patients with obesity were older and had higher pain scores than patients without obesity. The exploratory analysis of the ODI in Mexican Spanish showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.923) and validity (factorial loading range, 0.681 - 0.818). The confirmatory analysis showed almost null or very low discrepancy between the proposed model and the real data. CONCLUSIONS A Spanish translation of ODI was cross-culturally adapted for the Mexican population. The Mexican version of the ODI showed good reliability and validity in Mexican culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Manrique-Guzman
- Neurosurgery Department. Angeles Interlomas Hospital, State of Mexico, Mexico
- Center for Health Sciences Research (CICSA), Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Abel Lerma
- Center for Health Sciences Research (CICSA), Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
- Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Tilcuautla Hidalgo, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco R Revilla-Pacheco
- Neurosurgery Department. Angeles Interlomas Hospital, State of Mexico, Mexico
- Center for Health Sciences Research (CICSA), Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Júlia Moscardini-Martelli
- Center for Health Sciences Research (CICSA), Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Claudia Lerma
- Center for Health Sciences Research (CICSA), Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
- Department of Electromechanical Instrumentation, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Wang X, Liu W, Zhao Y, Ma P. The impact of disc degeneration on the dynamic characteristics of the lumbar spine: a finite element analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1384187. [PMID: 38751866 PMCID: PMC11094277 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1384187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of disc degeneration was analyzed to determine the effect of disc degeneration at the L4-L5 segment on the dynamic characteristics of the total lumbar spine. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model of the L1-S1 normal lumbar spine was constructed and validated. This normal model was then modified to construct two degeneration models with different degrees of degeneration (mild, moderate) at the L4-L5 level. Modal analysis, harmonic response analysis, and transient dynamics analysis were performed on the total lumbar spine when experiencing following compressive loading (500 N). As the degree of disc degeneration increased, the vibration patterns corresponding to the first three orders of the model's intrinsic frequency were basically unchanged, with the first order being in the left-right lateral bending direction, the second order being in the forward-flexion and backward-extension direction, and the third order being in the axial stretching direction. The nucleus pulposus pressure peaks corresponding to the first order intrinsic frequency for the harmonic response analysis are all on the right side of the model, with sizes of 0.053 MPa, 0.061 MPa, and 0.036 MPa, respectively; the nucleus pulposus pressure peaks corresponding to the second order intrinsic frequency are all at the rear of the model, with sizes of 0.13 MPa, 0.087 MPa, and 0.11 MPa, respectively; and the nucleus pulposus pressure peaks corresponding to the third order intrinsic frequency are all at the front of the model, with sizes of 0.19 MPa, 0.22 MPa, and 0.22 MPa, respectively. The results of the transient analysis indicated that over time, the response curves of the healthy model, the mild model, and the moderate model all exhibited cyclic response characteristics. Intervertebral disc degeneration did not adversely affect the vibration characteristics of the entire lumbar spine system. Intervertebral disc degeneration significantly altered the dynamics of the degenerative segments and their neighboring normal segments. The process of disc degeneration gradually shifted the load from the nucleus pulposus to the annulus fibrosus when the entire lumbar spine was subjected to the same vibratory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Riahinezhad H, Amsden BG. In situ forming, mechanically resilient hydrogels prepared from 4a-[PEG- b-PTMC-Ac] and thiolated chondroitin sulfate for nucleus pulposus cell delivery. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1257-1270. [PMID: 38167961 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02574h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a common condition that causes severe back pain and affects patients' mobility and life quality considerably. IVDD originates within the central region of the disk called the nucleus pulposus (NP). Removing the damaged tissue and replacing it with NP cells (NPCs) delivered within an in situ forming hydrogel is a promising treatment approach. Herein we describe a hydrogel formulation based on 4-arm [poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(trimethylene carbonate)-acrylate] (4a[PEG-b-PTMC-Ac]) crosslinked with thiolated chondroitin sulfate via Michael-type reaction for this purpose. A library of hydrogels based on 15 kDa 4a-[PEG] with PTMC blocks of varying molecular weight were prepared and characterized. The instantaneous moduli of the hydrogels were adjustable from 24 to 150 kPa depending on the length of the PTMC block and the polymer volume fraction. The influence of each of these parameters was effectively explained using both scaling or mean field theories of polyelectrolyte hydrogels. The hydrogels were resistant to cyclic compressive loading and degraded gradually over 70 days in vitro. A hydrogel formulation with an instantaneous modulus at the high end of the range of values reported for human NP tissue was chosen to assess the ability of these hydrogels for delivering NPCs. The prepolymer solution was injectable and formed a hydrogel within 30 minutes at 37 °C. Bovine NPCs were encapsulated within this hydrogel with high viability and proliferated throughout a 28 day, hypoxic culture period. The encapsulated NPCs formed clusters and deposited collagen type II but no collagen type I within the hydrogels. Despite an initial gradual decrease, a steady-state modulus was reached at the end of the 28 day culture period that was within the range reported for healthy human NP tissue. This in situ forming hydrogel formulation is a promising approach and with further development could be a viable clinical treatment for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Riahinezhad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Jiang C, Liu Y, Zhao W, Yang Y, Ren Z, Wang X, Hao D, Du H, Yin S. microRNA-365 attenuated intervertebral disc degeneration through modulating nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation by targeting EFNA3. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18054. [PMID: 38009813 PMCID: PMC10826450 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This present study is aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-365 (miR-365) in the development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were transfected by miR-365 mimic and miR-365 inhibitor, respectively. Concomitantly, the transfection efficiency and the expression level of miRNA were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Meanwhile, NP cells apoptosis was measured through propidium iodide (PI)-AnnexinV-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) apoptosis detection kit. Subsequently, immunofluorescence (IF) staining was performed to assess the expression of collagen II, aggrecan and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13). In addition, bioinformatic prediction and Luciferase reporter assay were used to reveal the target gene of miR-365. Finally, we isolated the primary NP cells from rats and injected NP-miR-365 in rat IDD models. The results showed that overexpression of miR-365 could effectively inhibit NP cells apoptosis and MMP-13 expression and upregulate the expression of collagen II and aggrecan. Conversely, suppression of miR-365 enhanced NP cell apoptosis and elevated MMP-13 expression, but decreased the expression of collagen II and aggrecan. Moreover, the further data demonstrated that miR-365 mediated NP cell degradation through targeting ephrin-A3 (EFNA3). In addition, the cells apoptosis and catabolic markers were increased in NP cells when EFNA3 upregulated. More importantly, the vivo data supported that miR-365-NP cells injection ameliorated IDD in rats models. miR-365 could alleviate the development of IDD by regulating NP cell apoptosis and ECM degradation, which is likely mediated by targeting EFNA3. Therefore, miR-365 may be a promising therapeutic avenue for treatment IDD through EFNA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Youjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weigong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yimin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Developmental GeneticsMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Si Yin
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Menon RG, de Moura HL, Kijowski R, Regatte RR. Age and gender differences in lumbar intervertebral disk strain using mechanical loading magnetic resonance imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4999. [PMID: 37409683 PMCID: PMC10876068 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate age- and gender-related differences in lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) strain with the use of static mechanical loading and continuous three-dimensional (3D) golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) MRI. A continuous 3D-GRASP stack-of-stars trajectory of the lumbar spine was performed on a 3-T scanner with static mechanical loading. Compressed sensing reconstruction, motion deformation maps, and Lagrangian strain maps during loading and recovery in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions were calculated for segmented IVD segments from L1/L2 to L5/S1. Mean IVD height was measured at rest. Spearman coefficients were used to evaluate the associations between age and global IVD height and global IVD strain. Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare global IVD height and global IVD strain in males and females. The prospective study enrolled 20 healthy human volunteers (10 males, 10 females; age 34.6 ± 11.4 [mean ± SD], range 22-56 years). Significant increases in compressive strain were observed with age, as evidenced by negative correlations between age and global IVD strain during loading (ρ = -0.76, p = 0.0046) and recovery (ρ = -0.68, p = 0.0251) in the loading X-direction. There was no significant correlation between age and global IVD height, global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Y-direction, and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Z-direction. There were no significant differences between males and females in global IVD height and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions. It was concluded that our study demonstrated the significant role aging plays in internal dynamic strains in the lumbar IVD during loading and recovery. Older healthy individuals have reduced IVD stiffness and greater IVD compression during static mechanical loading of the lumbar spine. The GRASP-MRI technique demonstrates the feasibility to identify changes in IVD mechanical properties with early IVD degeneration due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv G. Menon
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Hector L. de Moura
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Richard Kijowski
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Ravinder R. Regatte
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
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Vosoughi AS, Shekouhi N, Joukar A, Zavatsky M, Goel VK, Zavatsky JM. Lumbar Disc Degeneration Affects the Risk of Rod Fracture Following PSO; A Finite Element Study. Global Spine J 2023; 13:2336-2344. [PMID: 35225035 PMCID: PMC10538322 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221081797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Finite element (FE) study. OBJECTIVE Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is a surgical method to correct sagittal plane deformities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biomechanical effects of lumbar disc degeneration on the instrumentation following PSO and assess the effects of using interbody spacers adjacent to the PSO level in a long instrumented spinal construct. METHODS A spinopelvic model (T10-pelvis) with PSO at the L3 level was used to generate 3 different simplified grades of degenerated lumbar discs (mild (Pfirrmann grade III), moderate (Pfirrmann grade IV), and severe (Pfirrmann grade V)). Instrumentation included eighteen pedicle screws and bilateral primary rods. To investigate the effect of interbody spacers, the model with normal disc height was modified to accommodate 2 interbody spacers adjacent to the PSO level through a lateral approach. For the models, the rods' stress distribution, PSO site force values, and the spine range of motion (ROM) were recorded. RESULTS The mildly, moderately, and severely degenerated models indicated approximately 10%, 26%, and 40% decrease in flexion/extension motion, respectively. Supplementing the instrumented spinopelvic PSO model using interbody spacers reduced the ROM by 22%, 21%, 4%, and 11% in flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, respectively. The FE results illustrated lower von Mises stress on the rods and higher forces at the PSO site at higher degeneration grades and while using the interbody spacers. CONCLUSIONS Larger and less degenerated discs adjacent to the PSO site may warrant consideration for interbody cage instrumentation to decrease the risk of rod fracture and PSO site non-union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Seyed Vosoughi
- Engineering Center for Orthopedic Research Excellence (E-CORE), Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Niloufar Shekouhi
- Engineering Center for Orthopedic Research Excellence (E-CORE), Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Amin Joukar
- Engineering Center for Orthopedic Research Excellence (E-CORE), Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Vijay K. Goel
- Engineering Center for Orthopedic Research Excellence (E-CORE), Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Davis ZR, Gossett PC, Wilson RL, Kim W, Mei Y, Butz KD, Emery NC, Nauman EA, Avril S, Neu CP, Chan DD. Intervertebral Disc Elastography to Relate Shear Modulus and Relaxometry in Compression and Bending. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.01.555817. [PMID: 37732250 PMCID: PMC10508717 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is the most recognized cause of low back pain, characterized by the decline of tissue structure and mechanics. Image-based mechanical parameters (e.g., strain, stiffness) may provide an ideal assessment of disc function that is lost with degeneration but unfortunately remains underdeveloped. Moreover, it is unknown whether strain or stiffness of the disc may be predicted by MRI relaxometry (e.g. T1 or T2), an increasingly accepted quantitative measure of disc structure. In this study, we quantified T1 and T2 relaxation times and in-plane strains using displacement-encoded MRI within the disc under physiological levels of compression and bending. We then estimated shear modulus in orthogonal image planes and compared these values to relaxation times and strains within regions of the disc. Intratissue strain depended on the loading mode, and shear modulus in the nucleus pulposus was typically an order of magnitude lower than the annulus fibrosis, except in bending, where the apparent stiffness depended on the loading. Relative shear moduli estimated from strain data derived under compression generally did not correspond with those from bending experiments, with no correlations in the sagittal plane and only 4 of 15 regions correlated in the coronal plane, suggesting that future inverse models should incorporate multiple loading conditions. Strain imaging and strain-based estimation of material properties may serve as imaging biomarkers to distinguish healthy and diseased discs. Additionally, image-based elastography and relaxometry may be viewed as complementary measures of disc structure and function to assess degeneration in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R. Davis
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Paull C. Gossett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Robert L. Wilson
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Woong Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yue Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment and International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- Mines Saint-Étienne, Université Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, SaintÉtienne, France
| | - Kent D. Butz
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nancy C. Emery
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Eric A. Nauman
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stéphane Avril
- Mines Saint-Étienne, Université Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, SaintÉtienne, France
| | - Corey P. Neu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Deva D. Chan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Bozyiğit B, Oymak MA, Bahçe E, Uzunyol ÖF. Finite element analysis of lattice designed lumbar interbody cage based on the additive manufacturing. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2023; 237:991-1000. [PMID: 37366582 DOI: 10.1177/09544119231184379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) methods, which facilitate the production of complex structures with different geometries, have been used in producing interbody cages in recent years. In this study, the effects of Ti6Al4V alloy interbody lattice designed fusion cages between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae where degenerative disc diseases occur were investigated using the finite element method. Face centered cubic (FCC), body centered cubic (BCC), and diamond structures were selected as the lattice structure suitable for the interbody cage. A kidney shaped interbody lumbar cage was designed. The designated lattice structures were selected by adjusting the cell sizes suitable for the designed geometry, and the mesh configuration was made by the lumbar lattice structure. 400 N Axial force and 7.5 N.m moments were applied to the spine according to lateral bending, flexion, and torsion. 400 N axial force and 7.5 N.m flexion moment is shown high strain and total deformation then lateral bending and torsion on BCC FCC and diamond lattice structured interbody cages. In addition, the effects of lattice structures under high compression forces were investigated by applying 1000 N force to the lattice structures. When von Mises stresses were examined, lower von Mises stress and strains were observed in the BCC structure. However, a lower total deformation was observed in the FCC. Due to the design of the BCC and the diamond structure, it is assumed that bone implant adhesion will increase. In the finite element analysis (FEA), the best results were shown in BCC structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Akif Oymak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Erkan Bahçe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Shi X, Tian S, Tian Y. Experimental study of miR-503 regulating the activity as well as the function of degenerated human nucleus pulposus cells of the intervertebral disc through inhibiting Wnt pathway. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2023; 23:131-144. [PMID: 36856108 PMCID: PMC9976174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To preliminarily explore miR-503 in human degenerative disc nucleus pulposus cell effects as well as mechanisms. METHODS We utilized bioinformatics analysis to determine the miRNA differential expression as well as key signal pathways existing in human nucleus pulposus cells of the degenerative intervertebral discs. Human degenerative disc nucleus pulposus cell model was cultured and established in vitro. miR-503 and TNIK-related genes are knocked down and overexpressed by lentiviral infection, then we added Wnt signaling pathway agonists; CCK-8, ELISA, RT-PCR, Western blot were used to detect proliferation, apoptosis, and activity of cells. RESULTS Bioinformatics results demonstrated that miR-503 was significantly down-regulated in human nucleus pulposus cells of the degenerated intervertebral discs. The targeted differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in Wnt signaling pathway. However, after screening differential genes in the Wnt pathway, it was demonstrated that miR-503 mainly regulates TNIK to achieve Wnt pathway regulation. Cell experiments in vitro showed that cell activity and function were decreased while apoptosis was increased in the degenerative cell model. CONCLUSIONS miR-503 can improve the function and activity of human nucleus pulposus cells of degenerated intervertebral disc by inhibiting Wnt expression. miR-503 mainly regulates the Wnt pathway through targeted binding with TNIK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Shi
- Orthopedics First ward, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital of Southern Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Tian
- Orthopedics Second ward, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Tian
- Neurology Second ward, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, P.R. China
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10
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Kim CW, Goldstein I, Komisaruk BR, Goldstein SW, Kim NN, Hartzell-Cushanick R, Uloko M, Yee A. Lumbar endoscopic spine surgery for persistent genital arousal disorder/genitopelvic dysesthesia resulting from lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy. J Sex Med 2023; 20:210-223. [PMID: 36763933 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent genital arousal disorder/genitopelvic dysesthesia (PGAD/GPD) is characterized by distressing, abnormal genitopelvic sensations, especially unwanted arousal. In a subgroup of patients with PGAD/GPD, cauda equina Tarlov cyst-induced sacral radiculopathy has been reported to trigger the disorder. In our evaluation of lumbosacral magnetic resonance images in patients with PGAD/GPD and suspected sacral radiculopathy, some had no Tarlov cysts but showed lumbosacral disc annular tear pathology. AIM The aims were 2-fold: (1) to utilize a novel multidisciplinary step-care management algorithm designed to identify a subgroup of patients with PGAD/GPD and lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy who could benefit from lumbar endoscopic spine surgery (LESS) and (2) to evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of LESS. METHODS Clinical data were collected on patients with PGAD/GPD who underwent LESS between 2016 and 2020 with at least 1-year follow-up. LESS was indicated because all had lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy confirmed by our multidisciplinary management algorithm that included the following: step A, a detailed psychosocial and medical history; step B, noninvasive assessments for sacral radiculopathy; step C, targeted diagnostic transforaminal epidural spinal injections resulting in a temporary, clinically significant reduction of PGAD/GPD symptoms; and step D, surgical intervention with LESS and postoperative follow-up. OUTCOMES Treatment outcome was based on the validated Patient Global Impression of Improvement, measured at postoperative intervals. RESULTS Our cohort included 15 cisgendered women and 5 cisgendered men (mean ± SD age, 40.3 ± 16.8 years) with PGAD/GPD who fulfilled the criteria of lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy based on our multidisciplinary management algorithm. Patients were followed for an average of 20 months (range, 12-37) post-LESS. Lumbosacral annular tear pathology was identified at multiple levels, the most common being L4-L5 and L5-S1. Twenty-two LESS procedures were performed in 20 patients. Overall, 80% (16/20) reported improvement on the Patient Global Impression of Improvement; 65% (13/20) reported improvement as much better or very much better. All patients were discharged the same day. There were no surgical complications. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Among the many recognized triggers for PGAD/GPD, this subgroup exhibited lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy and experienced long-term alleviation of symptoms by LESS. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Strengths include long-term post-surgical follow-up and demonstration that LESS effectively treats patients with PGAD/GPD who have lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy, as established by a multidisciplinary step-care management algorithm. Limitations include the small study cohort and the unavailability of a clinical measure specific for PGAD/GPD. CONCLUSION LESS is safe and effective in treating patients with PGAD/GPD who are diagnosed with lumbosacral annular tear-induced sacral radiculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choll W Kim
- Excel Spine Center, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.,Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | - Irwin Goldstein
- Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.,San Diego Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | | | - Sue W Goldstein
- San Diego Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | - Noel N Kim
- Institute for Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA 92121, United States
| | | | - Maria Uloko
- Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.,San Diego Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.,University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, United States
| | - Alyssa Yee
- Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.,San Diego Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
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Regulatory Mechanism between Ferritin and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Spinal Ligament-Derived Cells from Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Patient. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032872. [PMID: 36769191 PMCID: PMC9917908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary spinal ligament-derived cells (SLDCs) from cervical herniated nucleus pulposus tissue (control, Ctrl) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) tissue of surgical patients were analyzed for pathogenesis elucidation. Here, we found that decreased levels of ferritin and increased levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a bone formation marker, provoked osteogenesis in SLDCs in OPLL. SLDCs from the Ctrl and OPLL groups satisfied the definition of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. RNA sequencing revealed that oxidative phosphorylation and the citric acid cycle pathway were upregulated in the OPLL group. SLDCs in the OPLL group showed increased mitochondrial mass, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased levels of ROS scavengers including ferritin. ROS and ferritin levels were upregulated and downregulated in a time-dependent manner, and both types of molecules repressed ALP. Osteogenesis was mitigated by apoferritin addition. We propose that enhancing ferritin levels might alleviate osteogenesis in OPLL.
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Lin M, Hu Y, An H, Guo T, Gao Y, Peng K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zhou H. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:749-776. [PMID: 36537344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain. Currently, there is no method to treat IVDD that can reverse or regenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, but the recent development of disc tissue engineering (DTE) offers a new means of addressing these disadvantages. Among numerous biomaterials for tissue engineering, silk fibroin (SF) is widely used due to its easy availability and excellent physical/chemical properties. SF is usually used in combination with other materials to construct biological scaffolds or bioactive substance delivery systems, or it can be used alone. The present article first briefly outlines the anatomical and physiological features of IVD, the associated etiology and current treatment modalities of IVDD, and the current status of DTE. Then, it highlights the characteristics of SF biomaterials and their latest research advances in DTE and discusses the prospects and challenges in the application of SF in DTE, with a view to facilitating the clinical process of developing interventions related to IVD-derived low back pain caused by IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yicun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haiying An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Taowen Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yanbing Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Kaichen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
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Kornilova LE, Sokov EL, Kornilova AA, Dlin SV, Urazov VV, Naumova EV. [Intraosseous blockades and local injection of HYALREPAIR-02 Chondroreparant combination in low back pain treatment]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:59-64. [PMID: 38147383 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studying the effectiveness of the combined use of intraosseous blockades (IOB) and intramuscular local injection therapy using bottled forms of HYALREPAIR-02 Chondroreparant 02/10 in patients with lumbar dorsopathy and recurrent back pain syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS 30 patients (16 men and 14 women) with chronic recurrent lumbar dorsopathy with pain and myofascial syndromes were examined. Group 1 included 17 patients, whose treatment included the use of IOB and intramuscular local injection therapy using bottled forms of HYALREPAIR-02 Chondroreparant 02/10. Group 2 included 13 patients who received only IOB. To assess the pain syndrome, a visual analogue pain scale (VAS), a Russian version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPBI), and a body diagram questionnaire were used. RESULTS After the course of treatment, in both groups there was a decrease in the severity of pain according to VAS, RMBO, and a decrease in the area of pain distribution according to the Body Scheme questionnaire (p<0.05). The values on the RMBO questionnaire in both groups also decreased by more than 2 times compared to the initial value. A statistically more significant regression of pain syndrome and a decrease in disability were noted in group 1 (p<0.05). 2 months after the end of the course of treatment, the pain syndrome did not recur in any patient. Within 3 to 6 months, back pain recurred in 4 (23.5%) patients of the 1st group and in 6 (46.2%) patients of the 2nd group. A total of 90 IOB procedures were performed; no complications or side effects were noted. CONCLUSION The combination of IOB and intramuscular local injection therapy using the vial form of HYALREPAIR-02 Chondroreparant in the treatment of patients with degenerative diseases of the spine and back pain is an effective and safe method of therapy. Such treatment strategy allowed to relieve back pain more effectively and improved long-term clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Kornilova
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Sokov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S V Dlin
- Clinic for the Treatment of the Spine and Joints of Dr. Dlin, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Urazov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Chon TE, Baker JS, Gu Y. Analysis of stress and stabilization in adolescent with osteoporotic idiopathic scoliosis: finite element method. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2023; 26:12-24. [PMID: 35393912 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2022.2044803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of osteoporosis on the stress, stability, and lumbar intervertebral disc of AIS lumbar vertebrae by finite element method. Better understand the biomechanical characteristics of osteoporotic scoliosis.Methods: Based on the CT images of normal lumbar vertebrae and lumbar vertebrae with AIS, the finite element models were established to simulate the estimated osteoporosis by changing the Young's modulus of cortical bone, cancellous bone, and endplate. Four finite element models of normal lumbar, osteoporotic lumbar, normal AIS lumbar and osteoporotic AIS lumbar were established, and the same load and boundary conditions were applied respectively. The displacement, stress, and intervertebral disc strain of the four models were compared to explore the effect of osteoporosis on the stability and injury risk of AIS.Results: After suffering from osteoporosis, under the same load, the displacement of lumbar spine increases, the stability decreases, and the stability of AIS lumbar spine decrease more obviously, especially under extension load. Suffering from osteoporosis will increase the stress of lumbar spine, AIS lumbar spine increases more obviously, and the stress is more concentrated, Osteoporotic lumbar spine only affects the strain of intervertebral disc when AIS lumbar spine bends on the concave side, resulting in greater strain behind the concave side of intervertebral disc.Conclusions: AIS patients with OP have lower lumbar stability, a higher risk of fracture of lumbar vertebrae, and spinal nerves are more likely to be compressed by intervertebral discs. OP can aggravate the scoliosis of lumbar vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolin Zhang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Teo Ee Chon
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Sport, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Sornoza KE, Enríquez J, González-Andrade F. Modic Changes in Ecuadorian Mestizo Patients: Epidemiology, Clinical Significance, and Role in Chronic Low Back Pain. SN COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 5:107. [PMID: 36942028 PMCID: PMC10018595 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-023-01446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Modic changes (MC) are bone marrow lesions seen within a vertebral body on MRI, possibly associated with low back pain (LBP). Though the causes and mechanisms responsible for the formation of MC are still poorly understood, progress is being made in linking his spinal phenotype with disc degeneration and LBP. This paper analyzes the epidemiology, clinical signs, lesions type, and treatment of vertebral discopathy associated with MC in Ecuadorian mestizo patients, comparing MC type I-II changes versus MC type III differences. We performed an epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional study with two cohorts of Mestizo patients collected at "Hospital de los Valles" in Quito, Ecuador, between January 2017 and December 2020; 288 patients diagnosed with degenerative lumbar disc disease plus MC was taken who underwent surgery; 144 with MC type I-II (cohort 1) and 144 with MC type III changes (cohort 2). Cohort 1 was characterized by 68.8% of men with a mean age of 45 years who perform minimal or moderate exercise in 82% of cases. They showed only one level lesion in 88.9% of patients with a pain intensity of 7 or more on the visual analog scale, with three or more months of evolution, in 78.5% of cases of degenerative etiology, mainly between the L5-S1 lesion of the left side. Cohort 2 was 53.5% of women with a mean age of 62. In 81.4% of cases, they perform minimal or moderate exercise. They showed two-level lesions in 45.8% of patients with a pain intensity of 7 or more on the visual analog scale, with three or more months of evolution, in 97.9% of cases of degenerative etiology, mostly between L4-L5 lesions of the left side. In both groups, most patients showed a protruded and lateral hernia. There is a greater predisposition to require surgery for lumbar disc herniation in young men and older women. In addition, surgery at an older age has a higher risk of complications, especially infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kléver Eduardo Sornoza
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Especialidades Médicas, calle Diego de Robles s/n y Pampite, 170901 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Julio Enríquez
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Especialidades Médicas, calle Diego de Robles s/n y Pampite, 170901 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fabricio González-Andrade
- Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, calle Machala y Sabanilla, 170301 Quito, Ecuador
- Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, Iquique N14-121 y Sodiro-Itchimbía, 170403 Quito, Ecuador
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Techens C, Montanari S, Bereczki F, Eltes PE, Lazary A, Cristofolini L. Biomechanical consequences of cement discoplasty: An in vitro study on thoraco-lumbar human spines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1040695. [PMID: 36532589 PMCID: PMC9755512 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ageing of the population, there is an increasing need for minimally invasive spine surgeries to relieve pain and improve quality of life. Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty is a minimally invasive technique to treat advanced disc degeneration, including vacuum phenomenon. The present study aimed to develop an in vitro model of percutaneous cement discoplasty to investigate its consequences on the spine biomechanics in comparison with the degenerated condition. Human spinal segments (n = 27) were tested at 50% body weight in flexion and extension. Posterior disc height, range of motion, segment stiffness, and strains were measured using Digital Image Correlation. The cement distribution was also studied on CT scans. As main result, percutaneous cement discoplasty restored the posterior disc height by 41% for flexion and 35% for extension. Range of motion was significantly reduced only in flexion by 27%, and stiffness increased accordingly. The injected cement volume was 4.56 ± 1.78 ml (mean ± SD). Some specimens (n = 7) exhibited cement perforation of one endplate. The thickness of the cement mass moderately correlated with the posterior disc height and range of motion with different trends for flexions vs. extension. Finally, extreme strains on the discs were reduced by percutaneous cement discoplasty, with modified patterns of the distribution. To conclude, this study supported clinical observations in term of recovered disc height close to the foramen, while percutaneous cement discoplasty helped stabilize the spine in flexion and did not increase the risk of tissue damage in the annulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Techens
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sara Montanari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ferenc Bereczki
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Endre Eltes
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aron Lazary
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Cristofolini
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Fiordalisi MF, Ferreira JR, Pinto ML, Ribeiro-Machado C, Teixeira Pinto M, Oliveira MJ, Barbosa MA, Madeira Gonçalves R, Caldeira J. The impact of matrix age on intervertebral disc regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 143:213192. [PMID: 36403438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the lack of effective treatments for low back pain, the use of extracellular matrix (ECM)-based biomaterials have emerged with undeniable promise for IVD regeneration. Decellularized scaffolds can recreate an ideal microenvironment inducing tissue remodeling and repair. In particular, fetal tissues have a superior regenerative capacity given their ECM composition. In line with this, we unraveled age-associated alterations of the nucleus pulposus (NP) matrisome. Thus, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of ECM donor age on IVD de/regeneration. Accordingly, we optimized an SDS (0.1 %, 1 h)-based decellularization protocol that preserves ECM cues in bovine NPs from different ages. After repopulation with adult NP cells, younger matrices showed the highest repopulation efficiency. Most importantly, cells seeded on younger scaffolds produced healthy ECM proteins suggesting an increased capacity to restore a functional IVD microenvironment. In vivo, only fetal matrices decreased neovessel formation, showing an anti-angiogenic potential. Our findings demonstrate that ECM donor age has a strong influence on angiogenesis and ECM de novo synthesis, opening new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies for the IVD. Additionally, more appropriate 3D models to study age-associated IVD pathology were unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Francesca Fiordalisi
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Rita Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Marta Laranjeiro Pinto
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro-Machado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Marta Teixeira Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Mário Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Raquel Madeira Gonçalves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Caldeira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
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Gao M, Guo P, Liu X, Zhang P, He Z, Wen L, Liu S, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Systematic study of single-cell isolation from musculoskeletal tissues for single-sell sequencing. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:32. [PMID: 35883033 PMCID: PMC9327421 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The single-cell platform provided revolutionary way to study cellular biology. Technologically, a sophistic protocol of isolating qualified single cells would be key to deliver to single-cell platform, which requires high cell viability, high cell yield and low content of cell aggregates or doublets. For musculoskeletal tissues, like bone, cartilage, nucleus pulposus and tendons, as well as their pathological state, which are tense and dense, it’s full of challenge to efficiently and rapidly prepare qualified single-cell suspension. Conventionally, enzymatic dissociation methods were wildly used but lack of quality control. In the present study, we designed the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method using tissue-specific enzyme cocktail to treat different human pathological musculoskeletal tissues, including degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP), ossifying posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and knee articular cartilage (AC) with osteoarthritis aiming to rapidly and efficiently harvest qualified single-cell suspensions for single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq).
Results
We harvested highly qualified single-cell suspensions from NP and OPLL with sufficient cell numbers and high cell viability using the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method, which significantly increased the cell viability compared with the conventional long-time continuous digestion group (P < 0.05). Bioanalyzer trace showed expected cDNA size distribution of the scRNA-seq library and a clear separation of cellular barcodes from background partitions were verified by the barcode-rank plot after sequencing. T-SNE visualization revealed highly heterogeneous cell subsets in NP and OPLL. Unfortunately, we failed to obtain eligible samples from articular cartilage due to low cell viability and excessive cell aggregates and doublets.
Conclusions
In conclusion, using the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method, we provided thorough protocols for preparing single-cell suspensions from human musculoskeletal tissues, which was timesaving, efficient and protective to cell viability. The strategy would greatly guarantee the cell heterogeneity, which is critical for scRNA-seq data analysis. The protocol to treat human OA articular cartilage should be further improved.
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Luo Q, Zhao Z, Yi D, Li S, Liu X. Dorsal root ganglion pulsed radiofrequency using bipolar technology in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain duration ≥ 2 years. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1021374. [PMID: 36408387 PMCID: PMC9669361 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1021374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) or dorsal root ganglion pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) are alternative treatments for lumbosacral radicular pain (LSRP). This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of TFESI combined with dorsal root ganglion PRF using bipolar technology to treat LSRP in patients with pain duration ≥ 2 years. METHODS This prospective single-armed cohort study included 20 patients with LSRP duration ≥ 2 years, who underwent treatment of TFESI combined with bipolar PRF. The primary outcomes included numerical rating scale (NRS) and successful treatment rate (pain relief ≥50%). The secondary outcomes included Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), patient satisfaction using the modified MacNab criteria, severe complications, hospital stay and total costs. The final follow-up was 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS The successful treatment rate and average pain relief at 6 months postoperatively were 80% and 73.0% ± 17.5%, respectively. The successful treatment rates in patients with and without prior intervention history at 6 months postoperatively were 77.8% and 81.8%, respectively. The mean NRS score significantly decreased from 6.5 ± 0.8 to 1.1 ± 0.7 at 2 weeks postoperatively, to 1.3 ± 0.7 at 3 months postoperatively, and to 1.7 ± 1.0 at 6 months postoperatively (all P < 0.001), while the mean ODI score significantly decreased from 43.5 ± 2.5 to 22.5 ± 4.3 at 2 weeks postoperatively, to 20.0 ± 3.5 at 3 months postoperatively, and to 19.5 ± 3.6 at 6 months postoperatively (all P < 0.001). The excellent and good patient satisfaction at 6 months postoperatively was 85%. No severe complications were observed in this cohort. The average hospital stay and total costs were 3.0 ± 0.5 days and 3.36 ± 0.77 thousand dollars, respectively. CONCLUSION The treatment of TFESI combined with PRF using bipolar technology might be an alternative option to treat chronic LSRP in patients with pain duration ≥ 2 years after a failure of conservative treatments, with a favorable 6-month efficacy and inexpensive total costs. However, long-term outcomes and superiority of bipolar procedure over monopolar procedure in patients with longer pain duration should be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Luo
- Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zifang Zhao
- Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Duan Yi
- Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuiqing Li
- Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Zhang C, Li Z, Li L, Li S, Yang L, Chen L, Zhang X, Yang S, Guo Y. Achyranthoside D (AD) improve intervertebral disc degeneration through affect the autophagy and the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2022; 30:10225536221135474. [PMID: 36307202 DOI: 10.1177/10225536221135474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of Achyranthoside D (AD) in improving intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). METHODS The IDD model of SD rats and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) was established by lumbar cone annulus puncture and tert-butyl peroxide, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. IVD tissue injury was observed by HE staining. Alcian blue staining observed the glycoprotein secretion in IVD. Monodansylcadaverin (MDC) staining was used to detect the formation of autophagosomes. The LC3 expression was tested by immunofluorescence. The type II collagen, aggrecan and MMP3 expression were detected by ELISA. RT-qPCR was used to detect the Casp 3, Bax, Bcl2, Acan, Col2a1 and Mmp3 expression. The LC3, P62, type II collagen, aggrecan, Beclin1, Akt, MMP3, p-mTOR, PI3K, mTOR, p-PI3K and p-Akt expression were analyzed by western blot. RESULTS The IVD tissue damage and apoptosis occurred in the Model group, and the glycoprotein secretion decreased. Compared with Model group, AD-H group alleviated the injury of IVD tissue, inhibited the apoptosis of cells, and increased the secretion of glycoprotein. 40 μg/mL AD restored the proliferation activity of NPCs. Compared to the Normal group, the NPCs apoptosis increased, the Collagen II, aggrecan and Bcl2 expressions were significantly decreased, the MMP3, Bax and Casp 3 expression were significantly increased, and the LC-3 II/I expression in IVD tissues were increased significantly in Model group, all of which was reversed in AD group. AD promoted the p-Akt, p-PI3K, p-mTOR, LC-3 II/I and Beclin1 expression, inhibited the P62 expression to alleviate the damage of nucleus pulporeus cells and the degeneration of IVD. CONCLUSION AD improved IDD by affecting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhaoyong Li
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Linghui Li
- Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofu Li
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Long Chen
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shaofeng Yang
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yantao Guo
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
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21
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Biomechanical Effect of Disc Height on the Components of the Lumbar Column at the Same Axial Load: A Finite-Element Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7069448. [PMID: 36330359 PMCID: PMC9626214 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7069448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilage structures, which play a role in buffering the compression applied to the vertebral bodies evenly while permitting limited movements. According to several previous studies, degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc could be accelerated by factors, such as aging, the female sex, obesity, and smoking. As degenerative change progresses, the disc height could be reduced due to the dehydration of the nucleus pulposus. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the pressure that each structure of the spine receives according to the change in the disc height and predict the physiological effect of disc height on the spine. We analyzed the biomechanical effect on spinal structures when the disc height was decreased using a finite-element method investigation of the lumbar spine. Using a 3D FE model, the degree and distribution of von-Mises stress according to the disc height change were measured by applying the load of four different motions to the lumbar spine. The height was changed by dividing the anterior and posterior parts of the disc, and analysis was performed in the following four motions: flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. Except for a few circumstances, the stress applied to the structure generally increased as the disc height decreased. Such a phenomenon was more pronounced when the direction in which the force was concentrated coincided with the portion where the disc height decreased. This study demonstrated that the degree of stress applied to the spinal structure generally increases as the disc height decreases. The increase in stress was more prominent when the part where the disc height was decreased and the part where the moment was additionally applied coincided. Disc height reduction could accelerate degenerative changes in the spine. Therefore, eliminating the controllable risk factors that cause disc height reduction may be beneficial for spinal health.
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22
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Whittal MC, Poynter SJ, Samms K, Briar KJ, Sinopoli SI, Millecamps M, Stone LS, DeWitte-Orr SJ, Gregory DE. TAK-242 treatment and its effect on mechanical properties and gene expression associated with IVD degeneration in SPARC-null mice. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2022; 31:2801-2811. [PMID: 35816198 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is accompanied by mechanical and gene expression changes to IVDs. SPARC-null mice display accelerated IVD degeneration, and treatment with (toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor) TAK-242 decreases proinflammatory cytokines and pain. This study examined if chronic TAK-242 treatment impacts mechanical properties and gene expression associated with IVD degeneration in SPARC-null mice. METHODS Male and female SPARC-null and WT mice aged 7-9 months were given intraperitoneal injections with TAK-242 or an equivalent saline vehicle for 8 weeks (3x/per week, M-W-F). L2-L5 spinal segments were tested in cyclic axial tension and compression. Gene expression analysis (RT-qPCR) was performed on male IVD tissues using Qiagen RT2 PCR arrays. RESULTS SPARC-null mice had decreased NZ length (p = 0.001) and increased NZ stiffness (p < 0.001) compared to WT mice. NZ length was not impacted by TAK-242 treatment (p = 0.967) despite increased hysteresis energy (p = 0.024). Tensile stiffness was greater in SPARC-null mice (p = 0.018), and compressive (p < 0.001) stiffness was reduced from TAK-242 treatment in WT but not SPARC-null mice (p = 0.391). Gene expression analysis found upregulation of 13 ECM and 5 inflammatory genes in SPARC-null mice, and downregulation of 2 inflammatory genes after TAK-242 treatment. CONCLUSIONS TAK-242 had limited impacts on SPARC-null mechanical properties and did not attenuate NZ mechanical changes associated with IVD degeneration. Expression analysis revealed an increase in ECM and inflammatory gene expression in SPARCnull mice with a reduction in inflammatory expression due to TAK-242 treatment. This study provides insight into the role of TLR4 in SPARC-null mediated IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchel C Whittal
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Sarah J Poynter
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Kayla Samms
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - K Josh Briar
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Sabrina I Sinopoli
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Magali Millecamps
- McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Laura S Stone
- McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stephanie J DeWitte-Orr
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Diane E Gregory
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
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23
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Golf Swing Biomechanics: A Systematic Review and Methodological Recommendations for Kinematics. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10060091. [PMID: 35736831 PMCID: PMC9227529 DOI: 10.3390/sports10060091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate golf swing performance in both preventing injury and injury occurrence. The objective of this review was to describe state-of-the-art golf swing biomechanics, with a specific emphasis on movement kinematics, and when possible, to suggest recommendations for research methodologies. Keywords related to biomechanics and golf swings were used in scientific databases. Only articles that focused on golf-swing kinematics were considered. In this review, 92 articles were considered and categorized into the following domains: X-factor, crunch factor, swing plane and clubhead trajectory, kinematic sequence, and joint angular kinematics. The main subjects of focus were male golfers. Performance parameters were searched for, but the lack of methodological consensus prevented generalization of the results and led to contradictory results. Currently, three-dimensional approaches are commonly used for joint angular kinematic investigations. However, recommendations by the International Society of Biomechanics are rarely considered.
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24
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Wang D, He X, Zheng C, Wang C, Peng P, Gao C, Xu X, Ma Y, Liu M, Yang L, Luo Z. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:819139. [PMID: 35178406 PMCID: PMC8843852 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.819139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a global health issue. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of LBP. Although the explicit mechanisms underpinning IDD are unclear, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by aberrant unfolded or misfolded proteins may be involved. The accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins may result in reduced protein synthesis and promote aberrant protein degradation to recover ER function, a response termed the unfolded protein response. A growing body of literature has demonstrated the potential relationships between ER stress and the pathogenesis of IDD, indicating some promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of ER stress on the process of IDD, as well as some potential therapeutic strategies for alleviating disc degeneration by targeting different pathways to inhibit ER stress. This review will facilitate understanding the pathogenesis and progress of IDD and highlights potential therapeutic targets for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin He
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengzhe Wang
- Rehabilitation Department, Dongchangfu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Pandi Peng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chu Gao
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yachao Ma
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Chen S, Shi G, Zeng J, Li PH, Peng Y, Ding Z, Cao HQ, Zheng R, Wang W. MiR-1260b protects against LPS-induced degenerative changes in nucleus pulposus cells through targeting TCF7L2. Hum Cell 2022; 35:779-791. [PMID: 35165858 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells play a critical role in maintaining intervertebral disc integrity through producing the components of extracellular matrix (ECM). NP cell dysfunction, including senescence and hyper-apoptosis, has been regarded as critical events during intervertebral disc degeneration development. In the present study, we found that Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) was overexpressed within degenerative intervertebral disc tissue samples, and TCF7L2 silencing improved lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced repression on NP cell proliferation, ECM synthesis, and LPS-induced NP cell senescence. miR-1260b directly targeted TCF7L2 and inhibited TCF7L2 expression. miR-1260b overexpression improved LPS-induced degenerative changes in NP cells; more importantly, TCF7L2 overexpression significantly reversed the effects of miR-1260b overexpression on LPS-stimulated degenerative changes within NP cells. For the first time, we demonstrated the function of the miR-1260b/TCF7L2 axis on the phenotypic maintenance of chondrocyte-like NP cells and ECM synthesis by NP cells under LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Guixia Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changsha Health Vocational Collage, Changsha, 410100, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Huang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyu Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Qing Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ruping Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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26
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The Roles of circRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Metabolism, and Apoptosis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:9550499. [PMID: 35186669 PMCID: PMC8856834 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9550499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is seriously harmful to human health and produces heavy economic burden. And most scholars hold that intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. With the study of IDD, aberrant expression of gene has become an important pathogenic factor of IDD. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a kind of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), participate in the regulation of genetic transcription and translation and further affect the expression of inflammatory cytokine, metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM), the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, etc. Therefore, maybe it will become a new therapeutic target for IDD. At present, our understanding of the mechanism of circRNAs in IDD is limited. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanism and related signaling pathways of circRNAs in IDD reported in the past. Particularly, the roles of circRNAs in inflammation, ECM metabolism, and apoptosis are emphasized.
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27
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Slanted slot was the most resistant to failure of ventral slot techniques tested in rabbit cervical vertebrae. ACTA VET BRNO 2022. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202291010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ventral slot technique is used to relieve neural compression secondary to intervertebral disc degeneration or disease. In the present study, the biomechanical properties of three different ventral surgical procedures in the rabbit C6–C7 vertebral motion unit (VMU) were assessed and compared with the intact C6–C7 VMU. The ventral slot procedure (slanted, full, or mini; n = 8/group) was performed on these cervical vertebrae. Normal spine torsion and flexion values were compared to those of spines subjected to slanted, full, and mini slot surgery. The slanted slot spines were the most stable, maintaining 70% of normal cervical spine strength, compared to 26% with the full slot and 30% with the mini slot. Regarding torsion, slanted slot spines showed 74% stability compared to the normal cervical spine, while the full slot and mini slot spines showed 58% and 62% stability, respectively. Flexion values were lower after all versions of the ventral slot procedure than in the normal spine, with the greatest flexion difference occurring after the full slot procedure (21% of the normal flexion value). The flexion values also differed significantly between the slanted and full spine groups, and all operated spines showing roughly 60% torsion rates compared with normal spines. The slanted slot maintains more stability in rabbit cervical spine than the other procedures. To our knowledge, this was the first study to examine biomechanical failure differences between the distinct versions of this ventral slot procedure.
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28
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Fibrotic alterations in human annulus fibrosus correlate with progression of intervertebral disc herniation. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:25. [PMID: 35039075 PMCID: PMC8762926 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation is characterized by annulus fibrosus failure (AF) in containing the nucleus pulposus (NP). IVD herniation involves cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations that have been associated with tissue fibrosis, although still poorly investigated. METHODS Here, fibrotic alterations in human AF were evaluated, by characterizing the herniated ECM. Human AF samples (herniated lumbar IVD (n = 39, age 24-83) and scoliosis controls (n = 6, age 15-21)) were processed for transmission electron microscopy and histological/immunohistochemical analysis of fibrotic markers. Correlations between the fibrotic markers in AF ECM and the degree of NP containment (protused, contained and uncontained) and patients' age were conducted. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that with herniation progression, i.e. loss of NP containment, human AF presents less stained area of sulphated glycosaminoglycans and collagen I, being collagen I fibres thinner and disorganized. On the other hand, fibronectin stained area and percentage of α-smooth muscle actin+ cells increase in human AF, while matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12) production and percentage of macrophages (CD68+ cells) remain constant. These structural and biochemical fibrotic alterations observed in human AF with herniation progression occur independently of the age. CONCLUSIONS The characterization of human AF here conducted evidence the presence of fibrosis in degenerated IVD, while highlighting the importance of considering the herniation progression stage, despite the patients' age, for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind AF failure and IVD herniation.
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29
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Kirnaz S, Capadona C, Wong T, Goldberg JL, Medary B, Sommer F, McGrath LB, Härtl R. Fundamentals of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. World Neurosurg 2021; 157:264-273. [PMID: 34929784 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lumbar disc degeneration is one of the leading causes of chronic low back pain. The degenerative cascade is often initiated by an imbalance between catabolic and anabolic processes in the intervertebral discs. As a consequence of extracellular matrix degradation, neoinnervation and neovascularization take place. Ultimately, this degenerative process results in disc bulging and loss of nucleus pulposus and water content and subsequent loss of disc height. Most patients respond to conservative management and surgical interventions well initially, yet a significant number of patients continue to suffer from chronic low back pain. Because of the high prevalence of long-term discogenic pain, regenerative biological therapies, including gene therapies, growth factors, cellular-based injections, and tissue-engineered constructs, have attracted significant attention in light of their potential to directly address the degenerative process. Understanding the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease is important in both refining existing technologies and developing innovative techniques to reverse the degenerative processes in the discs. In this review, we aimed to cover the underlying pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease as well as its associated risk factors and give a comprehensive summary about the developmental, structural, radiological, and biomechanical properties of human intervertebral discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertac Kirnaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charisse Capadona
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Taylor Wong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob L Goldberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Branden Medary
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fabian Sommer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lynn B McGrath
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roger Härtl
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
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30
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Tucci M, Wilson GA, McGuire R, Benghuzzi HA. The Effects of NPY1 Receptor Antagonism on Intervertebral Disc and Bone Changes in Ovariectomized Rats. Global Spine J 2021; 11:1166-1175. [PMID: 32748636 PMCID: PMC8453679 DOI: 10.1177/2192568220939908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Basic science. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist (NPY-1RA) to estrogen on maintaining vertebral bone microarchitecture and disc height in a rat model of menopause. METHODS This study was an institutional animal care approved randomized control study with 104 ovariectomized rats and 32 intact control animals. Comparison of disc height, trabecular bone, body weights, circulating levels of NPY and estrogen, and distribution of Y1 receptors in the intervertebral disc in an established rodent osteoporotic model were made at baseline and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks after receiving either an implant containing estrogen or an antagonist to the neuropeptide Y1 receptor. Data was compared statistically using One-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Circulating levels of estrogen increased and NPY decreased following estrogen replacement, with values comparable to ovary-intact animals. NPY-1RA-treated animals had low estrogen and high NPY circulating levels and were similar to ovariectomized control rats. Both NPY-1RA and estrogen administration were able reduce, menopause associated weight gain. NPY-1RA appeared to restore bone formation and maintain disc height, while estrogen replacement prevented further bone loss. CONCLUSION NPY-1RA in osteoporotic rats activates osteoblast production of bone and decreased marrow and body fat more effectively than estrogen replacement when delivered in similar concentrations. Annulus cells had NPY receptors, which may play a role in disc nutrition, extracellular matrix production, and pain signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Tucci
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, US,Michelle Tucci, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| | | | - Robert McGuire
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, US
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31
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Lombardi AF, Wei Z, Wong J, Carl M, Lee RR, Wallace M, Masuda K, Chang EY, Du J, Ma YJ. High contrast cartilaginous endplate imaging using a 3D adiabatic inversion-recovery-prepared fat-saturated ultrashort echo time (3D IR-FS-UTE) sequence. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4579. [PMID: 34219287 PMCID: PMC8944187 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences can image tissues with transverse T 2 /T 2 * relaxations too short to be efficiently observed on routine clinical MRI sequences, such as the vertebral body cartilaginous endplate (CEP). Here, we describe a 3D adiabatic inversion-recovery-prepared fat-saturated ultrashort echo time (3D IR-FS-UTE) sequence to highlight the CEP of vertebral bodies in comparison to the intervertebral disc (IVD) and bone marrow fat (BF) at 3 T. The IR-FS-UTE sequence used a 3D UTE sequence combined with an adiabatic IR preparation pulse centered in the middle of the water and fat peaks, while a fat saturation module was used to suppress the signal from fat. A slab-selective half pulse was used for signal excitation, and a 3D center-out cones trajectory was used for more efficient data sampling. The 3D IR-FS-UTE sequence was applied to an ex vivo human spine sample, as well as the spines of six healthy volunteers and of three patients with back pain. Bright continuous lines representing signal from CEP were found in healthy IVDs. The measured contrast-to-noise ratio was 18.5 ± 4.9 between the CEP and BF, and 20.3 ± 4.15 between the CEP and IVD for the six volunteers. Abnormal IVDs showed CEP discontinuity or irregularity in the sample and patient studies. In conclusion, the proposed 3D IR-FS-UTE sequence is feasible for imaging the vertebral body's CEP in vivo with high contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alecio F. Lombardi
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, United States
| | - Zhao Wei
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Wong
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, United States
| | | | - Roland R. Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mark Wallace
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Koichi Masuda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Eric Y. Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, United States
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ya-Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, CA, United States
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32
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LePage EC, Stoker AM, Kuroki K, Cook JL. Effects of cyclic compression on intervertebral disc metabolism using a whole-organ rat tail model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:1945-1954. [PMID: 33073417 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Many factors contribute to the development and progression of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. This study was designed to assess the effects of compressive load magnitude on IVD metabolism. It was hypothesized that as load magnitude increased, there would be a significant increase in release of proinflammatory and degradative biomarkers, and a significant decrease in tissue proteoglycan (GAG) and collagen contents compared with unloaded controls. IVD whole organ functional spinal units (FSU) consisting of cranial and caudal body halves, cartilage endplates, and IVD (n = 36) were harvested from the tails of six Sprague Dawley rats, and FSUs were cultured at 0.0 MPa, 0.5 MPa, or 1.0 MPa at 0.5 Hz for 3 days. After culture, media were collected for biomarker analysis and FSUs were analyzed for extracellular matrix composition. Significant differences were determined using a one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analyses. Media concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-8 were significantly higher in the 0.5 MPa compared with the 0.0 MPa group. Media concentrations of PGE2 and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in the 1.0 MPa group compared with the 0.0 MPa group, and media PGE2 was significantly higher in the 1.0 MPa group compared with the 0.5 MPa group. Media GAG content was significantly higher in the 1.0 MPa group compared with the 0.0 MPa group, and percent GAG in the tissue was significantly lower in 0.5 MPa and 1.0 MPa groups compared with the 0.0 MPa group. Clinical Significance: These data suggest that there are magnitude-dependent inflammatory and degradative IVD responses to cyclic loading, which may contribute to IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C LePage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Aaron M Stoker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Keiichi Kuroki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - James L Cook
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Manickam PS, Roy S. The biomechanical effects of S-type dynamic cage using Ti and PEEK for ACDF surgery on cervical spine varying loads. Int J Artif Organs 2021; 44:748-755. [PMID: 34387526 DOI: 10.1177/03913988211039525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) is the common method to treat the cervical disc degeneration. The most serious problems in the fusion cages are adjacent disc degeneration, loss of lordosis, pain, subsidence, and migration of the cage. The objective of our work is to develop the three-dimensional finite element (FE) model from C3-C6 and virtually implant a designed S-type dynamic cage at C4-C5 segment of the model. The dynamic cage design will provide mobility in the early stage after ACDF surgery. Titanium (Ti) and PEEK (polyether ether ketone) were used as the material property for the cages. We applied the physiological motions at different loads from 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0 Nm to evaluate the dynamic cage design and the biomechanical performances of the designed S-type dynamic cage. It was observed that in all the loading condition the range of motion in the adjacent level was maintained and the maximum stress at the adjacent disc was reduced. The clinical significance of the S-type dynamic cage is better stress profile at the fusion level and adjacent segments which translates into higher rate of fusion, lower risk of cage subsidence, lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration, and good mechanical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pechimuthu Susai Manickam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sandipan Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
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Jing W, Liu W. HOXC13-AS Induced Extracellular Matrix Loss via Targeting miR-497-5p/ADAMTS5 in Intervertebral Disc. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:643997. [PMID: 34277699 PMCID: PMC8283188 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.643997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: LncRNAs are a new modulator in the development of intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the functional role and mechanism of HOXC13-AS in intervertebral disc degeneration remain unclear. Methods: qRT-PCR analysis was performed to measure the relative expression levels of HOXC13-AS and miR-497-5p, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the medium supernatant were analyzed by ELISA. The related mechanism between HOXC13-AS and miR-497-5p was detected by luciferase assays. Results: The results revealed that TNF-α and IL-1β induced HOXC13-AS expression in NP cells. HOXC13-AS was overexpressed in IDD specimens compared to control specimens, and higher expression of HOXC13-AS was correlated with high Pfirrmann scores. Ectopic expression of HOXC13-AS promoted MMP-3 and ADAMTS4 and inhibited aggrecan and collagen II expression in NP cells. Furthermore, overexpression of HOXC13-AS increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Our results demonstrated that TNF-α and IL-1β induced ADAMTS5 expression and suppressed miR-497-5p expression. miR-497-5p was downregulated in IDD specimens compared to control specimens, and the lower expression of miR-497-5p was correlated with high Pfirrmann scores. The miR-497-5p level was negatively proportional to HOXC13-AS expression in IDD specimens. Luciferase analysis data indicated that ADAMTS5 was a direct target gene of miR-497-5p. HOXC13-AS induced inflammatory cytokine expression and ECM degradation by modulating miR-497-5p/ADAMTS5. Conclusion: HOXC13-AS may be a treatment target for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Jing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baodi Peopele's Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Wu X, Liu Y, Du J, Li X, Lin J, Ni L, Zhu P, Zhou H, Kong F, Yang H, Geng D, Mao H. Melatonin Attenuates Intervertebral Disk Degeneration via Maintaining Cartilaginous Endplate Integrity in Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:672572. [PMID: 34220535 PMCID: PMC8248798 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.672572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to verify whether melatonin (Mel) could mitigate intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) in rats and to investigate the potential mechanism of it. Method A rat acupuncture model of IVDD was established with intraperitoneal injection of Mel. The effect of Mel on IVDD was analyzed via radiologic and histological evaluations. The specific Mel receptors were investigated in both the nucleus pulposus (NP) and cartilaginous endplates (EPs). In vitro, EP cartilaginous cells (EPCs) were treated by different concentrations of Mel under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Luzindole conditions. In addition, LPS-induced inflammatory response and matrix degradation following nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway activation were investigated to confirm the potential mechanism of Mel on EPCs. Results The percent disk height index (%DHI) and MRI signal decreased after initial puncture in the degeneration group compared with the control group, while Mel treatment protected disk height from decline and prevented the loss of water during the degeneration process. In the meantime, the histological staining of the Mel groups showed more integrity and well-ordered construction of the NP and EPs in both low and high concentration than that of the degeneration group. In addition, more deep-brown staining of type II collagen (Coll-II) was shown in the Mel groups compared with the degeneration group. Furthermore, in rat samples, immunohistochemical staining showed more positive cells of Mel receptors 1a and 1b in the EPs, instead of in the NP. Moreover, evident osteochondral lacuna formation was observed in rat EPs in the degeneration group; after Mel treatment, the osteochondral destruction alleviated accompanying fewer receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-stained positive cells expressed in the EPs. In vitro, Mel could promote the proliferation of EPCs, which protected EPCs from degeneration under LPS treatment. What is more, Mel downregulated the inflammatory response and matrix degradation of EPCs activated by NF-κB pathway through binding to its specific receptors. Conclusion These results indicate that Mel protects the integrity of the EPs and attenuates IVDD by binding to the Mel receptors in the EPs. It may alleviate the inflammatory response and matrix degradation of EPCs activated by NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiexing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yijie Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Clinical Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- Department of Orthopedics Center, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fanchen Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Eltes PE, Kiss L, Bereczki F, Szoverfi Z, Techens C, Jakab G, Hajnal B, Varga PP, Lazary A. A novel three-dimensional volumetric method to measure indirect decompression after percutaneous cement discoplasty. J Orthop Translat 2021; 28:131-139. [PMID: 33898249 PMCID: PMC8050383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) is a minimally invasive surgical option to treat patients who suffer from the consequences of advanced disc degeneration. As the current two-dimensional methods can inappropriately measure the difference in the complex 3D anatomy of the spinal segment, our aim was to develop and apply a volumetric method to measure the geometrical change in the surgically treated segments. METHODS Prospective clinical and radiological data of 10 patients who underwent single- or multilevel PCD was collected. Pre- and postoperative CT scan-based 3D reconstructions were performed. The injected PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) induced lifting of the cranial vertebra and the following volumetric change was measured by subtraction of the geometry of the spinal canal from a pre- and postoperatively predefined cylinder. The associations of the PMMA geometry and the volumetric change of the spinal canal with clinical outcome were determined. RESULTS Change in the spinal canal volume (ΔV) due to the surgery proved to be significant (mean ΔV = 2266.5 ± 1172.2 mm3, n = 16; p = 0.0004). A significant, positive correlation was found between ΔV, the volume and the surface of the injected PMMA. A strong, significant association between pain intensity (low back and leg pain) and the magnitude of the volumetric increase of the spinal canal was shown (ρ = 0.772, p = 0.009 for LBP and ρ = 0.693, p = 0.026 for LP). CONCLUSION The developed method is accurate, reproducible and applicable for the analysis of any other spinal surgical method. The volume and surface area of the injected PMMA have a predictive power on the extent of the indirect spinal canal decompression. The larger the ΔV the higher clinical benefit was achieved with the PCD procedure. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE The developed method has the potential to be integrated into clinical software's to evaluate the efficacy of different surgical procedures based on indirect decompression effect such as PCD, anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF), extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF). The intraoperative use of the method will allow the surgeon to respond if the decompression does not reach the desired level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Endre Eltes
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Spine Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Kiss
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bereczki
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szoverfi
- National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chloé Techens
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum, Universita di Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabor Jakab
- National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Hajnal
- In Silico Biomechanics Laboratory, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Pal Varga
- National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aron Lazary
- Department of Spine Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
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Kirnaz S, Capadona C, Lintz M, Kim B, Yerden R, Goldberg JL, Medary B, Sommer F, McGrath LB, Bonassar LJ, Härtl R. Pathomechanism and Biomechanics of Degenerative Disc Disease: Features of Healthy and Degenerated Discs. Int J Spine Surg 2021; 15:10-25. [PMID: 34376493 DOI: 10.14444/8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex organ composed of fibrous and cartilaginous connective tissues, and it serves as a boundary between 2 adjacent vertebrae. It provides a limited range of motion in the torso as well as stability during axial compression, rotation, and bending. Adult IVDs have poor innate healing potential due to low vascularity and cellularity. Degenerative disc disease (DDD) generally arises from the disruption of the homeostasis maintained by the structures of the IVD, and genetic and environmental factors can accelerate the progression of the disease. Impaired cell metabolism due to pH alteration and poor nutrition may lead to autophagy and disruption of the homeostasis within the IVD and thus plays a key role in DDD etiology. To develop regenerative therapies for degenerated discs, future studies must aim to restore both anatomical and biomechanical properties of the IVDs. The objective of this review is to give a detailed overview about anatomical, radiological, and biomechanical features of the IVDs as well as discuss the structural and functional changes that occur during the degeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertac Kirnaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Charisse Capadona
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Marianne Lintz
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Byumsu Kim
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Rachel Yerden
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jacob L Goldberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Branden Medary
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Fabian Sommer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Lynn B McGrath
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Roger Härtl
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
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Zhang Y, Tan W, Wu M, Sun J, Cao W, Zhou CS, Wu Y. Characterization and cytocompatibility of 3D porous biomimetic scaffold derived from rabbit nucleus pulposus tissue in vitro. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:8. [PMID: 33471211 PMCID: PMC7817588 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is one of the most important causes of lower back pain. Tissue engineering provides a new method for the experimental treatment of degenerative disc diseases. This study aims to develop a natural, acellular, 3D interconnected porous scaffold derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of nucleus pulposus. The nucleus pulposus (NP) was decellularized by sequential detergent-nuclease methods, including physical crushing, freeze-drying and cross-linking. These 3D porous scaffolds were fabricated with a high porosity of (81.28 ± 4.10)%, an ideal pore size with appropriate mechanical properties. Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were seeded and cultured on the scaffolds. And the mechanical tests showed the compressive elastic modulus of the scaffolds cultured for 4 weeks reached 0.12 MPa, which was better than that of the scaffolds cultured for 2 weeks (0.07 MPa) and that of the control group (0.04 MPa). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histological assays, molecular biology assays revealed that the scaffolds could provide an appropriate microstructure and environment for the adhesion, proliferation, migration and secretion of seeded cells in vitro. As assays like histology, immunohistochemistry and the real-time qRT-PCR showed, NP-like tissues were preliminarily formed. In conclusion, the 3D porous scaffold derived from NP ECM is a potential biomaterial for the regeneration of NP tissues. A natural, acellular, 3D interconnected porous scaffold derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of nucleus pulposus was developed by sequential detergent-nuclease and freeze-drying method, which can reduce the damage of protein activity to the minimum. It is very similar to the composition and internal environment of the natural nucleus pulposus, because it derived from the natural nucleus pulposus. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histological assays, molecular biology assays revealed that the scaffolds could provide an appropriate microstructure and environment for the adhesion, proliferation, migration, and secretion of seeded cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, PR China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Mingxin Wu
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, The first people's hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chu-Song Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhu-Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University (First Military Medical University), Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - You Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, PR China
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Zhang X, Huang Z, Xie Z, Chen Y, Zheng Z, Wei X, Huang B, Shan Z, Liu J, Fan S, Chen J, Zhao F. Homocysteine induces oxidative stress and ferroptosis of nucleus pulposus via enhancing methylation of GPX4. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:552-565. [PMID: 32896601 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is an amino acid involved in gene methylation. Plasma concentration of Hcy is elevated in the pathological condition hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), which increases the risk of disorders of the vascular, nervous and musculoskeletal systems, including chondrocyte dysfunction. The present study aimed to explore the role of Hcy in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), using a range of techniques. A clinical epidemiological study showed that HHcy is an independent risk factor for human IVDD. Cell culture using rat nucleus pulposus cells showed that Hcy promotes a degenerative cell phenotype (involving increased oxidative stress and cell death by ferroptosis) which is mediated by upregulated methylation of GPX4. An in-vivo mouse 'puncture' model of IVDD showed that folic acid (which is used to treat HHcy in humans) reduced the ability of diet-induced HHcy to promote IVDD. We conclude that Hcy upregulates oxidative stress and ferroptosis in the nucleus pulposus via enhancing GPX4 methylation, and is a new contributing factor in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Zhaobo Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Ziang Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Yilei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Zeyu Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Xiao'an Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Bao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Zhi Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Fengdong Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Borem R, Walters J, Madeline A, Madeline L, Gill S, Easley J, Mercuri J. Characterization of chondroitinase-induced lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in a sheep model intended for assessing biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:1232-1246. [PMID: 33040470 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) leads to structural and functional changes. Biomaterials for restoring IVD function and promoting regeneration are currently being investigated; however, such approaches require validation using animal models that recapitulate clinical, biochemical, and biomechanical hallmarks of the human pathology. Herein, we comprehensively characterized a sheep model of chondroitinase-ABC (ChABC) induced IVDD. Briefly, ChABC (1 U) was injected into the L1/2 , L2/3 , and L3/4 IVDs. Degeneration was assessed via longitudinal magnetic resonance (MR) and radiographic imaging. Additionally, kinematic, biochemical, and histological analyses were performed on explanted functional spinal units (FSUs). At 17-weeks, ChABC treated IVDs demonstrated significant reductions in MR index (p = 0.030) and disc height (p = 0.009) compared with pre-operative values. Additionally, ChABC treated IVDs exhibited significantly increased creep displacement (p = 0.004) and axial range of motion (p = 0.007) concomitant with significant decreases in tensile (p = 0.034) and torsional (p = 0.021) stiffnesses and long-term viscoelastic properties (p = 0.016). ChABC treated IVDs also exhibited a significant decrease in NP glycosaminoglycan: hydroxyproline ratio (p = 0.002) and changes in microarchitecture, particularly in the NP and endplates, compared with uninjured IVDs. Taken together, this study demonstrated that intradiscal injection of ChABC induces significant degeneration in sheep lumbar IVDs and the potential for using this model in evaluating biomaterials for IVD repair, regeneration, or fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Borem
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua Walters
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Allison Madeline
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lee Madeline
- Department of Radiology, Greenville Health System, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sanjitpal Gill
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Group of the Carolinas-Pelham, Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Greer, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jeremiah Easley
- Preclinical Surgical Research Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy Mercuri
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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Zhou Z, Cui S, Du J, Richards RG, Alini M, Grad S, Li Z. One strike loading organ culture model to investigate the post-traumatic disc degenerative condition. J Orthop Translat 2020; 26:141-150. [PMID: 33437633 PMCID: PMC7773974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute trauma on intervertebral discs (IVDs) is thought to be one of the risk factors for IVD degeneration. The pathophysiology of IVD degeneration induced by single high impact mechanical injury is not very well understood. The aim of this study was using a post-traumatic IVD model in a whole organ culture system to analyze the biological and biomechanical consequences of the single high-impact loading event on the cultured IVDs. Methods Isolated healthy bovine IVDs were loaded with a physiological loading protocol in the control group or with injurious loading (compression at 50% of IVD height) in the one strike loading (OSL) group. After another 1 day (short term) or 8 days (long term) of whole organ culture within a bioreactor, the samples were collected to analyze the cell viability, histological morphology and gene expression. The conditioned medium was collected daily to analyze the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and nitric oxide (NO). Results The OSL IVD injury group showed signs of early degeneration including reduction of dynamic compressive stiffness, annulus fibrosus (AF) fissures and extracellular matrix degradation. Compared to the control group, the OSL model group showed more severe cell death (P < 0.01) and higher GAG release in the culture medium (P < 0.05). The MMP and ADAMTS families were up-regulated in both nucleus pulposus (NP) and AF tissues from the OSL model group (P < 0.05). The OSL injury model induced a traumatic degenerative cascade in the whole organ cultured IVD. Conclusions The present study shows a single hyperphysiological mechanical compression applied to healthy bovine IVDs caused significant drop of cell viability, altered the mRNA expression in the IVD, and increased ECM degradation. The OSL IVD model could provide new insights into the mechanism of mechanical injury induced early IVD degeneration. The translational potential of this article This model has a high potential for investigation of the degeneration mechanism in post-traumatic IVD disease, identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as screening of treatment therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhou
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangbin Cui
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Du
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - R Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Zhen Li
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
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O'Neill SFD, Fidelman JM, Haarup LS, Lund C, Konner MB. Low prevalence of end plate junction failure in danish patients with lumbar disc herniation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17652. [PMID: 33077840 PMCID: PMC7573575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of endplate junction failure in a smaller cohort of Danish patients with lumbar disk herniation and compare this to the previously published data from India. Consecutive patients seen in a large regional hospital spine-care unit, with a clinical presentation suggesting a lumbar disk herniation with concomitant radiculopathy and confirmatory recent MRI were included. Additional imaging by CT was performed as part of the study and these were analyzed with specific attention to endplate junction failures. For ethical reasons, the number of participants was kept to a minimum and a total of 26 patients were included. The prevalence (n = 5) of endplate junction failure was found to be statistically significantly lower than that previously reported. Our findings do not echo those previously reported in an Indian population: Endplate junction failure was indeed observed, but at a significantly lower rate. We discuss potential reasons for the difference in findings with due attention to the weaknesses of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Francis Dyhrberg O'Neill
- Spinecenter of Southern Denmark, Lillebælt Hospital, Middelfart, DK5750, Denmark. .,University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Science Research, Odense, DK5230, Denmark.
| | - Jonas Morten Fidelman
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DK5230, Denmark.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, DK7100, Denmark
| | - Linne Steinar Haarup
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DK5230, Denmark.,Spinecenter Djursland, Grenå, DK8500, Denmark
| | - Christian Lund
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, DK7100, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Brunsgaard Konner
- Spinecenter of Southern Denmark, Lillebælt Hospital, Middelfart, DK5750, Denmark.,University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Science Research, Odense, DK5230, Denmark
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Fernandes LM, Khan NM, Trochez CM, Duan M, Diaz-Hernandez ME, Presciutti SM, Gibson G, Drissi H. Single-cell RNA-seq identifies unique transcriptional landscapes of human nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15263. [PMID: 32943704 PMCID: PMC7499307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) disease (IDD) is a complex, multifactorial disease. While various aspects of IDD progression have been reported, the underlying molecular pathways and transcriptional networks that govern the maintenance of healthy nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) have not been fully elucidated. We defined the transcriptome map of healthy human IVD by performing single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) in primary AF and NP cells isolated from non-degenerated lumbar disc. Our systematic and comprehensive analyses revealed distinct genetic architecture of human NP and AF compartments and identified 2,196 differentially expressed genes. Gene enrichment analysis showed that SFRP1, BIRC5, CYTL1, ESM1 and CCNB2 genes were highly expressed in the AF cells; whereas, COL2A1, DSC3, COL9A3, COL11A1, and ANGPTL7 were mostly expressed in the NP cells. Further, functional annotation clustering analysis revealed the enrichment of receptor signaling pathways genes in AF cells, while NP cells showed high expression of genes related to the protein synthesis machinery. Subsequent interaction network analysis revealed a structured network of extracellular matrix genes in NP compartments. Our regulatory network analysis identified FOXM1 and KDM4E as signature transcription factor of AF and NP respectively, which might be involved in the regulation of core genes of AF and NP transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo M Fernandes
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Nazir M Khan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Camila M Trochez
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Meixue Duan
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martha E Diaz-Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Steven M Presciutti
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA. .,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.
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Maurer E, Klinger C, Lorbeer R, Rathmann W, Peters A, Schlett CL, Nikolaou K, Bamberg F, Notohamiprodjo M, Walter SS. Long-term effect of physical inactivity on thoracic and lumbar disc degeneration-an MRI-based analysis of 385 individuals from the general population. Spine J 2020; 20:1386-1396. [PMID: 32360761 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The correlation between physical inactivity, thoracolumbar disc degeneration, and back pain remains unclear. PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between short- and long-term physical inactivity and degenerative changes of the thoracic and lumbar spine in a southern German cohort from the general population over a time period of 14 years. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This study was designed as a cross-sectional case-control study, nested in a prospective cohort from the "Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg/Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg" (KORA) study. PATIENT SAMPLE All participants in the population-based KORA study were assessed using a physical activity questionnaire to establish a baseline in 1999-2001 (exam 1), within an initial follow up questionnaire in 2006-2008 (exam 2), and a second follow-up questionnaire between 2013 and 2014 (exam 3). A subsample of this group (400 subjects) underwent full body MR scan performed on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner current with exam 3. OUTCOME MEASURE Data regarding physical inactivity over a time period of 14 years and back pain, and quantification of thoracic and lumbar disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS Quantification of thoracic and lumbar disc degeneration was performed using the Pfirrmann score. Physical activity was grouped as no physical activity, irregularly for 1 hour, regularly for 1 hour, or regularly for ≥2 hours. This was used to calculate another variable "physical inactivity," with the options of irregular activity ≤1 hour per week or regularly ≥1 hour. Physical labor, walking, and cycling activity were additionally investigated. Correlations between physical inactivity measurements and thoracic and lumbar disc degeneration were analyzed via linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, and back pain. RESULTS In total, 385 individuals (mean age: 56 years, SD ± 9.19; 58.2% male) were included in this study. Mean summed Pfirrmann score was 2.41 (SD ± 4.19) in the thoracic and 1.78 (SD ± 1.81) in the lumbar spine. The level of current exercise in our cohort varied with 113 (29.4%) subjects exercising regularly ≥2 hours per week, 118 (30.7%) regularly 1 hour per week, 57 (14%) irregularly for about 1 hour per week, and 97 (25.2%) stated not to exercise at exam 3. Disc degeneration was more apparent in those with irregular activity <1 hour compared to those with regular activity of ≥1 hour and more per week (p<.01) and in those with no activity compared to those with regular activity of ≥2 (p<.001) measured using exam 3. Less physical activity over a time period of 14 years correlated with an increase of disc degeneration of the thoracic and lumbar spine after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, hypertension and diabetes mellitus (p<.05). There was no statistically significant association between physical labor, walking activity, or cycling activity with disc degeneration. Additionally, no significant correlations between degree of disc degeneration (p=.990), degree of physical inactivity (p=.158), and back pain were observed. CONCLUSION Degree of physical inactivity as measured over a time period of 14 years demonstrated a strong correlation with disc degeneration of the thoracic and lumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Maurer
- Department for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Klinger
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Roberto Lorbeer
- Department of Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Hospital, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Cardiovascular Disease Research, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mike Notohamiprodjo
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; DIE RADIOLOGIE, Sonnenstrasse 17, 80331 Munich, Germany.
| | - Sven S Walter
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Virk S, Chen T, Meyers KN, Lafage V, Schwab F, Maher SA. Comparison of biomechanical studies of disc repair devices based on a systematic review. Spine J 2020; 20:1344-1355. [PMID: 32092506 PMCID: PMC9063717 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT A variety of solutions have been suggested as candidates for the repair of the annulus fibrosis (AF), with the ability to withstand physiological loads of paramount importance. PURPOSE The objective of our study was to capture the scope of biomechanical test models of AF repairs. We hypothesized that common test parameters would emerge. STUDY DESIGN Systematic Review METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for studies in English including the keywords "disc repair AND animal models," "disc repair AND cadaver spines," "intervertebral disc AND biomechanics," and "disc repair AND biomechanics." This list was further limited to those studies which included biomechanical results from annular repair in animal or human spinal segments from the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and/or coccygeal (tail) segments. For each study, the method used to measure the biomechanical property and biomechanical test results were documented. RESULTS A total of 2,607 articles were included within our initial analysis. Twenty-two articles met our inclusion criteria. Significant variability in terms of species tested, measurements used to quantify annular repair strength, and the method/direction/magnitude that forces were applied to a repaired annulus were found. Bovine intervertebral disc was most commonly used model (6 of 22 studies) and the most common mechanical property reported was the force required for failure of the disc repair device (15 tests). CONCLUSIONS Our hypothesis was rejected; no common features were identified across AF biomechanical models and as a result it was not possible to compare results of preclinical testing of annular repair devices. Our analysis suggests that a standardized biomechanical model that can be repeatably executed across multiple laboratories is required for the mechanical screening of candidates for AF repair. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This literature review provides a summary of preclinical testing of annular repair devices for clinicians to properly evaluate the safety/efficacy of developing technology designed to repair annular defects after disc herniations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Virk
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, New York,Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Tony Chen
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, USA
| | | | - Virginie Lafage
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Frank Schwab
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Suzanne A. Maher
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, USA
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Hallur SS, Brismée JM, Sizer PS, Dierick F, Dewan BM, Thiry P, Sobczak S. Three-Dimensional Spinal Position With and Without Manual Distraction Load Increases Spinal Height. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:267-275. [PMID: 32709513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate if spinal height increases using 3-dimensional (3-D) spinal position with and without manual distraction load and to assess the correlation between spine height changes and degrees of trunk rotation. METHODS Fifty-six participants were randomly placed in one of two groups: (1) 3-D spinal position with manual distraction load, and (2) without manual distraction load. Spinal height was measured before and after the interventions using a stadiometer. For the statistical analysis, we used a 2 (Loading status: pre- versus post-intervention height) X 2 (3-D spinal position: with versus without manual distraction load) repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant interaction and main effects. Paired t-tests were used to calculate differences in spinal height changes between the two interventions. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure correlations between changes in spinal heights and degrees of trunk rotation. RESULTS Mean spinal height increase with 3-D spinal position with and without manual distraction load was 6.30 mm (±6.22) and 5.69 mm (±4.13), respectively. No significant interaction effect was present between loading status and 3-D spinal position but a significant main effect in loading status was. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences in spinal heights between pre-and post-3-D spinal position with and without manual distraction load. No significant correlation was measured between trunk rotation and spinal height changes. CONCLUSION 3-D spinal position with or without distraction load increased spinal height. This suggests that 3-D spinal positioning without manual distraction could be used in home settings to help maintain intervertebral disc (IVD) health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohal S Hallur
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - Jean-Michel Brismée
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX.
| | - Phillip S Sizer
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - Frédéric Dierick
- Centre National de R é education Fonctionnelle et de R éadaptation-Rehazenter, Laboratoire d'Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Birendra M Dewan
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - Paul Thiry
- Forme & Fonctionnement Humain Laboratory, Physical Therapy Department, CERISIC, Haute Ecole Louvain en Hainaut & Université Catholique de Louvain, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Sobczak
- Research Unit in Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Départment d'anatomie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
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Neifert SN, Martini ML, Hanss K, Rothrock RJ, Gilligan J, Zimering J, Caridi JM, Oermann EK. Large Rises in Thoracolumbar Fusions by 2040: A Cause for Concern with an Increasingly Elderly Surgical Population. World Neurosurg 2020; 144:e25-e33. [PMID: 32652276 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.06.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With a growing aging population in the United States, the number of operative lumbar spine pathologies continues to grow. Therefore, our objective was to estimate the future demand for lumbar spine surgery volumes for the United States to the year 2040. METHODS The National/Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried for years 2003-2015 for anterior interbody and posterior lumbar fusions (ALIF, PLF) to create national estimates of procedural volumes for those years. The average age and comorbidity burden was characterized, and Poisson modeling controlling for age and sex allowed for surgical volume prediction to 2040 in 10-year increments. Age was grouped into categories (<25, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, and >85 years), and estimates of surgical volumes for each age subgroup were created. RESULTS ALIF volume is expected to increase from 46,903 to 55,528, and PLF volume is expected to increase from 248,416 to 297,994 from 2020 to 2040. For ALIF, the largest increases are expected in the 45-54 years (10,316 to 12,216) and 75-84 years (2,898 to 5,340) age groups. Similarly the largest increases in PLF will be seen in the 65-74 years (71,087 to 77,786) and 75-84 years (28,253 to 52,062) age groups. CONCLUSIONS The large increases in expected volumes of ALIF and PLF could necessitate training of more spinal surgeons and an examination of projected costs. Further analyses are needed to characterize the needs of this increasingly large population of surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean N Neifert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael L Martini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katie Hanss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Rothrock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gilligan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey Zimering
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - John M Caridi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Karl Oermann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
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Glaeser JD, Tawackoli W, Ju DG, Yang JH, Kanim LEA, Salehi K, Yu V, Saidara E, Vit J, Khnkoyan Z, NaPier Z, Stone LS, Bae HW, Sheyn D. Optimization of a rat lumbar IVD degeneration model for low back pain. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1092. [PMID: 32613167 PMCID: PMC7323460 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is often associated with low back pain and radiating leg pain. The purpose of this study is to develop a reproducible and standardized preclinical model of painful lumbar IVD degeneration by evaluation of structural and behavioral changes in response to IVD injury with increasing needle sizes. This model can be used to develop new therapies for IVD degeneration. METHODS Forty-five female Sprague Dawley rats underwent anterior lumbar disc needle puncture at levels L4-5 and L5-6 under fluoroscopic guidance. Animals were randomly assigned to four different experimental groups: needle sizes of 18 Gauge (G), 21G, 23G, and sham control. To monitor the progression of IVD degeneration and pain, the following methods were employed: μMRI, qRT-PCR, histology, and biobehavioral analysis. RESULTS T1- and T2-weighted μMRI analysis showed a correlation between the degree of IVD degeneration and needle diameter, with the most severe degeneration in the 18G group. mRNA expression of markers for IVD degeneration markers were dysregulated in the 18G and 21G groups, while pro-nociceptive markers were increased in the 18G group only. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Alcian Blue/Picrosirius Red staining confirmed the most pronounced IVD degeneration in the 18G group. Randall-Selitto and von Frey tests showed increased hindpaw sensitivity in the 18G group. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that anterior disc injury with an 18G needle creates severe IVD degeneration and mechanical hypersensitivity, while the 21G needle results in moderate degeneration with no increased pain sensitivity. Therefore, needle sizes should be selected depending on the desired phenotype for the pre-clinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane D. Glaeser
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wafa Tawackoli
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Derek G. Ju
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jae H. Yang
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryKorea University Guro HospitalSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Linda EA Kanim
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Khosrowdad Salehi
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Victoria Yu
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Evan Saidara
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jean‐Phillipe Vit
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zhanna Khnkoyan
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zachary NaPier
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Laura S. Stone
- McGill University, Faculty of DentistryAlan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMontrealCanada
| | - Hyun W. Bae
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research LaboratoryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of OrthopedicsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Ghasemi AA, Ramezanpour S. Evaluation of concordance between degenerative changes on neck X-ray and symptomatic cervical disc herniation. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2019.100652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Goode AP, Schwartz TA, Kraus VB, Huebner JL, George SZ, Cleveland RJ, Gracely R, Jimenez M, DeFrate LE, Chen J, Golightly YM, Jordan JM. Inflammatory, Structural, and Pain Biochemical Biomarkers May Reflect Radiographic Disc Space Narrowing: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1027-1037. [PMID: 31750565 PMCID: PMC7162706 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to determine the relationship between biomarkers of inflammation, structure, and pain with radiographic disc space narrowing (DSN) in community-based participants. A total of 74 participants (37 cases and 37 controls) enrolled in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project during 2006-2010 were selected. The cases had at least mild radiographic DSN and low back pain (LBP). The controls had neither radiographic evidence of DSN nor LBP. The measured analytes from human serum included N-cadherin, Keratin-19, Lumican, CXCL6, RANTES, IL-17, IL-6, BDNF, OPG, and NPY. A standard dolorimeter measured pressure-pain threshold. The coefficients of variation were used to evaluate inter- and intra-assay reliability. Participants with similar biomarker profiles were grouped together using cluster analysis. The binomial regression models were used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in propensity score-matched models. Significant associations were found between radiographic DSN and OPG (RR = 3.90; 95% CI: 1.83, 8.31), IL-6 (RR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.92, 3.36), and NPY (RR = 2.06 95% CI: 1.62, 2.63). Relative to a cluster with low levels of biomarkers, a cluster representing elevated levels of OPG, RANTES, Lumican, Keratin-19, and NPY (RR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.22, 7.54) and a cluster representing elevated levels of NPY (RR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.15, 7.39) were significantly associated with radiographic DSN. Clinical Significance: These findings suggest that individual and combinations of biochemical biomarkers may reflect radiographic DSN. This is just one step toward understanding the relationships between biochemical biomarkers and DSN that may lead to improved intervention delivery. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1027-1037, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. Goode
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Population Health Science, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Todd A. Schwartz
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Virginia B. Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Janet L. Huebner
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven Z. George
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Cleveland
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rick Gracely
- Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria Jimenez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Louis E. DeFrate
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yvonne M. Golightly
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Division of Physical Therapy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joanne M. Jordan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Orthopedics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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