1
|
Orłowska R, Dynkowska WM, Niedziela A, Zebrowski J, Zimny J, Androsiuk P, Bednarek PT. β-glucans, SAM, and GSH fluctuations in barley anther tissue culture conditions affect regenerants' DNA methylation and GPRE. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:853. [PMID: 39261760 PMCID: PMC11391688 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05572-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microspore embryogenesis is a process that produces doubled haploids in tissue culture environments and is widely used in cereal plants. The efficient production of green regenerants requires stresses that could be sensed at the level of glycolysis, followed by the Krebs cycle and electron transfer chain. The latter can be affected by Cu(II) ion concentration in the induction media acting as cofactors of biochemical reactions, indirectly influencing the production of glutathione (GSH) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and thereby affecting epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation (demethylation-DM, de novo methylation-DNM). The conclusions mentioned were acquired from research on triticale regenerants, but there is no similar research on barley. In this way, the study looks at how DNM, DM, Cu(II), SAM, GSH, and β-glucan affect the ability of green plant regeneration efficiency (GPRE). RESULTS The experiment involved spring barley regenerants obtained through anther culture. Nine variants (trials) of induction media were created by adding copper (CuSO4: 0.1; 5; 10 µM) and silver salts (AgNO3: 0; 10; 60 µM), with varying incubation times for the anthers (21, 28, and 35 days). Changes in DNA methylation were estimated using the DArTseqMet molecular marker method, which also detects cytosine methylation. Phenotype variability in β-glucans, SAM and GSH induced by the nutrient treatments was assessed using tentative assignments based on the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The effectiveness of green plant regeneration ranged from 0.1 to 2.91 plants per 100 plated anthers. The level of demethylation ranged from 7.61 to 32.29, while de novo methylation reached values ranging from 6.83 to 32.27. The paper demonstrates that the samples from specific in vitro conditions (trials) formed tight groups linked to the factors contributing to the two main components responsible for 55.05% of the variance (to the first component DNM, DM, to the second component GSH, β-glucans, Cu(II), GPRE). CONCLUSIONS We can conclude that in vitro tissue culture conditions affect biochemical levels, DNA methylation changes, and GPRE. Increasing Cu(II) concentration in the IM impacts the metabolism and DNA methylation, elevating GPRE. Thus, changing Cu(II) concentration in the IM is fair to expect to boost GPRE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Wioletta Monika Dynkowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Niedziela
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Jacek Zebrowski
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Al. Rejtana 16C, Rzeszow, 35-959, Poland
| | - Janusz Zimny
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Piotr Androsiuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deng Y, Yu R, Grabe V, Sommermann T, Werner M, Vallet M, Zerfaß C, Werz O, Pohnert G. Bacteria modulate microalgal aging physiology through the induction of extracellular vesicle production to remove harmful metabolites. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:2356-2368. [PMID: 39143356 PMCID: PMC11371645 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The bloom and bust patterns of microalgae in aquatic systems contribute massively to global biogeochemical cycles. The decline of algal blooms is mainly caused by nutrient limitation resulting in cell death, the arrest of cell division and the aging of surviving cells. Nutrient intake can re-initiate proliferation, but the processes involved are poorly understood. Here we characterize how the bloom-forming diatom Coscinodiscus radiatus recovers from starvation after nutrient influx. Rejuvenation is mediated by extracellular vesicles that shuttle reactive oxygen species, oxylipins and other harmful metabolites out of the old cells, thereby re-enabling their proliferation. By administering nutrient pulses to aged cells and metabolomic monitoring of the response, we show that regulated pathways are centred around the methionine cycle in C. radiatus. Co-incubation experiments show that bacteria mediate aging processes and trigger vesicle production using chemical signalling. This work opens new perspectives on cellular aging and rejuvenation in complex microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Balance of the Microverse Cluster of Excellence, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ruyi Yu
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Veit Grabe
- Imaging Platform, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Sommermann
- Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Department for Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Marine Vallet
- Max Planck Fellow Group Plankton Community Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Zerfaß
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department for Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
- Balance of the Microverse Cluster of Excellence, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
- Max Planck Fellow Group Plankton Community Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao N, Liu F, Dong W, Yu J, Halverson LJ, Xie B. Quantitative proteomics insights into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii thermal tolerance enhancement by a mutualistic interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0021924. [PMID: 39012118 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00219-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between photosynthetic microalgae and bacteria impact the physiology of both partners, which influence the fitness and ecological trajectories of each partner in an environmental context-dependent manner. Thermal tolerance of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can be enhanced through a mutualistic interaction with vitamin B12 (cobalamin)-producing Sinorhizobium meliloti. Here, we used label-free quantitative proteomics to reveal the metabolic networks altered by the interaction under normal and high temperatures. We created a scenario where the growth of Sinorhizobium requires carbon provided by Chlamydomonas for growth in co-cultures, and survival of Chlamydomonas under high temperatures relies on cobalamin and possibly other metabolites produced by Sinorhizobium. Differential abundance analysis identified proteins produced by each partner in co-cultures compared to mono-cultures at each temperature. Proteins involved in cobalamin production by Sinorhizobium increased in the presence of Chlamydomonas under elevated temperatures, whereas in Chlamydomonas, there was an increase in cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase and certain proteins associated with methylation reactions. Co-cultivation and heat stress strongly modulated the central metabolism of both partners as well as various transporters that could facilitate nutrient cross-utilization. Co-cultivation modulated expression of various components of two- or one-component signal transduction systems, transcriptional activators/regulators, or sigma factors, suggesting complex regulatory networks modulate the interaction in a temperature-dependent manner. Notably, heat and general stress-response and antioxidant proteins were upregulated in co-cultures, suggesting that the interaction is inherently stressful to each partner despite the benefits of mutualism. Our results shed insight into the metabolic tradeoffs required for mutualism and how metabolic networks are modulated by elevated temperature. IMPORTANCE Photosynthetic microalgae are key primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, playing an important role in the global carbon cycle. Nearly every alga lives in association with a diverse community of microorganisms that influence each other and their metabolic activities or survival. One chemical produced by bacteria that influence algae is vitamin B12, an enzyme cofactor used for a variety of metabolic functions. The alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii benefits from vitamin B12 produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti by producing the amino acid methionine under high temperatures which are required for Chlamydomonas thermotolerance. Yet, our understanding of this interaction under normal and stressful temperatures is poor. Here, we used quantitative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins to reveal metabolic adjustments made by Chlamydomonas and Sinorhizobium that could facilitate this mutualism. These findings will enhance our understanding of how photosynthetic algae and their associated microbiomes will respond as global temperatures increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxiu Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Larry J Halverson
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Bo Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tanaka T, Fujita M, Kusajima M, Narita F, Asami T, Maruyama-Nakashita A, Nakajima M, Nakashita H. Priming of Immune System in Tomato by Treatment with Low Concentration of L-Methionine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6315. [PMID: 38928022 PMCID: PMC11204331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Various metabolites, including phytohormones, phytoalexins, and amino acids, take part in the plant immune system. Herein, we analyzed the effects of L-methionine (Met), a sulfur-containing amino acid, on the plant immune system in tomato. Treatment with low concentrations of Met enhanced the resistance of tomato to a broad range of diseases caused by the hemi-biotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea (Bc), although it did not induce the production of any antimicrobial substances against these pathogens in tomato leaf tissues. Analyses of gene expression and phytohormone accumulation indicated that Met treatment alone did not activate the defense signals mediated by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. However, the salicylic acid-responsive defense gene and the jasmonic acid-responsive gene were induced more rapidly in Met-treated plants after infection with Pst and Bc, respectively. These findings suggest that low concentrations of Met have a priming effect on the phytohormone-mediated immune system in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tanaka
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan; (T.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Moeka Fujita
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan; (T.T.); (M.F.)
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Miyuki Kusajima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8567, Japan; (M.K.); (T.A.)
| | - Futo Narita
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan; (T.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Tadao Asami
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8567, Japan; (M.K.); (T.A.)
| | - Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Masami Nakajima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan;
| | - Hideo Nakashita
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan; (T.T.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu Y, Hong Z, Yu S, Huang R, Li K, Li M, Xie S, Zhu L. Fresh Insights Into SLC25A26: Potential New Therapeutic Target for Cancers: A Review. Oncol Rev 2024; 18:1379323. [PMID: 38745827 PMCID: PMC11091378 DOI: 10.3389/or.2024.1379323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
SLC25A26 is the only known human mitochondrial S-adenosylmethionine carrier encoding gene. Recent studies have shown that SLC25A26 is abnormally expressed in some cancers, such as cervical cancer, low-grade glioma, non-small cell lung cancer, and liver cancer, which suggests SLC25A26 can affect the occurrence and development of some cancers. This article in brief briefly reviewed mitochondrial S-adenosylmethionine carrier in different species and its encoding gene, focused on the association of SLC25A26 aberrant expression and some cancers as well as potential mechanisms, summarized its potential for cancer prognosis, and characteristics of mitochondrial diseases caused by SLC25A26 mutation. Finally, we provide a brief expectation that needs to be further investigated. We speculate that SLC25A26 will be a potential new therapeutic target for some cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangheng Xu
- Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhisheng Hong
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Ronghan Huang
- Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Kunqi Li
- Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Lvyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hýsková V, Bělonožníková K, Chmelík J, Hoffmeisterová H, Čeřovská N, Moravec T, Ryšlavá H. Potyviral Helper-Component Protease: Multifaced Functions and Interactions with Host Proteins. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1236. [PMID: 38732454 PMCID: PMC11085613 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The best-characterized functional motifs of the potyviral Helper-Component protease (HC-Pro) responding for aphid transmission, RNA silencing suppression, movement, symptom development, and replication are gathered in this review. The potential cellular protein targets of plant virus proteases remain largely unknown despite their multifunctionality. The HC-Pro catalytic domain, as a cysteine protease, autoproteolytically cleaves the potyviral polyproteins in the sequence motif YXVG/G and is not expected to act on host targets; however, 146 plant proteins in the Viridiplantae clade containing this motif were searched in the UniProtKB database and are discussed. On the other hand, more than 20 interactions within the entire HC-Pro structure are known. Most of these interactions with host targets (such as the 20S proteasome, methyltransferase, transcription factor eIF4E, and microtubule-associated protein HIP2) modulate the cellular environments for the benefit of virus accumulation or contribute to symptom severity (interactions with MinD, Rubisco, ferredoxin) or participate in the suppression of RNA silencing (host protein VARICOSE, calmodulin-like protein). On the contrary, the interaction of HC-Pro with triacylglycerol lipase, calreticulin, and violaxanthin deepoxidase seems to be beneficial for the host plant. The strength of these interactions between HC-Pro and the corresponding host protein vary with the plant species. Therefore, these interactions may explain the species-specific sensitivity to potyviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hýsková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (K.B.); or (J.C.)
| | - Kateřina Bělonožníková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (K.B.); or (J.C.)
| | - Josef Chmelík
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (K.B.); or (J.C.)
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hoffmeisterová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.H.); (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Noemi Čeřovská
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.H.); (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Tomáš Moravec
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.H.); (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Helena Ryšlavá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (K.B.); or (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zeng X, Luo G, Fan Z, Xiao Z, Lu Y, Xiao Q, Hou Z, Tang Q, Zhou Y. Whole genome identification, molecular docking and expression analysis of enzymes involved in the selenomethionine cycle in Cardamine hupingshanensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:199. [PMID: 38500044 PMCID: PMC10949594 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selenomethionine cycle (SeMTC) is a crucial pathway for the metabolism of selenium. The basic bioinformatics and functions of four enzymes involved in the cycle including S-adenosyl-methionine synthase (MAT), SAM-dependent methyltransferase (MTase), S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) and methionine synthase (MTR), have been extensively reported in many eukaryotes. The identification and functional analyses of SeMTC genes/proteins in Cardamine hupingshanensis and their response to selenium stress have not yet been reported. RESULTS In this study, 45 genes involved in SeMTC were identified in the C. hupingshanensis genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that seven genes from ChMAT were clustered into four branches, twenty-seven genes from ChCOMT were clustered into two branches, four genes from ChSAHH were clustered into two branches, and seven genes from ChMTR were clustered into three branches. These genes were resided on 16 chromosomes. Gene structure and homologous protein modeling analysis illustrated that proteins in the same family are relatively conserved and have similar functions. Molecular docking showed that the affinity of SeMTC enzymes for selenium metabolites was higher than that for sulfur metabolites. The key active site residues identified for ChMAT were Ala269 and Lys273, while Leu221/231 and Gly207/249 were determined as the crucial residues for ChCOMT. For ChSAHH, the essential active site residues were found to be Asn87, Asp139 and Thr206/207/208/325. Ile204, Ser111/329/377, Asp70/206/254, and His329/332/380 were identified as the critical active site residues for ChMTR. In addition, the results of the expression levels of four enzymes under selenium stress revealed that ChMAT3-1 genes were upregulated approximately 18-fold, ChCOMT9-1 was upregulated approximately 38.7-fold, ChSAHH1-2 was upregulated approximately 11.6-fold, and ChMTR3-2 genes were upregulated approximately 28-fold. These verified that SeMTC enzymes were involved in response to selenium stress to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS The results of this research are instrumental for further functional investigation of SeMTC in C. hupingshanensis. This also lays a solid foundation for deeper investigations into the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying selenium metabolism in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Enshi, China, Enshi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Selenium Resource Research and Biological Application, Enshi, China, 44500
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Guoqiang Luo
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Zhucheng Fan
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Zhijing Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Enshi, China, Enshi
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Yanke Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Enshi, China, Enshi
| | - Qiang Xiao
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Zhi Hou
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500
| | - Qiaoyu Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Enshi, China, Enshi.
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500.
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Selenium Food Nutrition and Health Intelligent Technology, Enshi, China, 44500.
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Selenium Resource Research and Biological Application, Enshi, China, 44500.
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China, 44500.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Orłowska R, Zimny J, Zebrowski J, Androsiuk P, Bednarek PT. An insight into tissue culture-induced variation origin shared between anther culture-derived triticale regenerants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:43. [PMID: 38200422 PMCID: PMC10782687 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of the plant in vitro techniques has brought about the variation identified in regenerants known as somaclonal or tissue culture-induced variation (TCIV). S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), glutathione (GSH), low methylated pectins (LMP), and Cu(II) ions may be implicated in green plant regeneration efficiency (GPRE) and TCIV, according to studies in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and partially in triticale (× Triticosecale spp. Wittmack ex A. Camus 1927). Using structural equation models (SEM), these metabolites have been connected to the metabolic pathways (Krebs and Yang cycles, glycolysis, transsulfuration), but not for triticale. Using metabolomic and (epi)genetic data, the study sought to develop a triticale regeneration efficiency statistical model. The culture's induction medium was supplemented with various quantities of Cu(II) and Ag(I) ions for regeneration. The period of plant regeneration has also changed. The donor plant, anther-derived regenerants, and metAFLP were utilized to analyze TCIV concerning DNA in symmetric (CG, CHG) and asymmetric (CHH) sequence contexts. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transfer Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to gather the metabolomic information on LMP, SAM, and GSH. To frame the data, a structural equation model was employed. RESULTS According to metAFLP analysis, the average sequence change in the CHH context was 8.65%, and 0.58% was de novo methylation. Absorbances of FTIR spectra in regions specific for LMP, SAM, and GSH were used as variables values introduced to the SEM model. The average number of green regenerants per 100 plated anthers was 2.55. CONCLUSIONS The amounts of pectin demethylation, SAM, de novo methylation, and GSH are connected in the model to explain GPRE. By altering the concentration of Cu(II) ions in the medium, which influences the amount of pectin, triticale's GPRE can be increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Janusz Zimny
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Jacek Zebrowski
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Science, University of Rzeszow, Al. Rejtana 16c, Rzeszow, 35-959, Poland
| | - Piotr Androsiuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Piotr T Bednarek
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bačkor M, Goga M, Singh P, Tuptová V. Mechanisms of Copper Toxicity and Tolerance in the Aquatic Moss Taxiphyllum barbieri. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3607. [PMID: 37896070 PMCID: PMC10609954 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic habitats are very frequently polluted with different kinds of xenobiotics, including heavy metals. For biomonitoring studies of aquatic pollution, algae are frequently used, as they do not contain protective cuticle on the surface of their thalli and can accumulate pollutants over the whole surface of thalli. However, this is a feature of most cryptogams. For this reason, we assessed the sensitivity of the aquatic moss Taxiphyllum barbieri (Java moss) to copper excess in a short-term study. Moss T. barbieri belongs to the common aquatic plants originating from Southeast Asia. To test the sensitivity (or tolerance) of the moss to excess Cu, selected concentrations (50, 250 and 500 µM) were employed in our 24 h studies. Total and intracellular Cu accumulation positively correlated with Cu availability in the water. This total and intracellular Cu accumulation was negatively correlated with decreased intracellular K content. Excess Cu negatively affected the composition of assimilation pigments and soluble proteins. Cu caused increased peroxidation of membrane lipids assessed using TBARS assay. Excess Cu decreased GSH to GSSG ratio and ascorbic acid content. We did not observe phytochelatin synthesis in this moss. The roles of selected amino acids, their intermediates and derivatives, as well as S-containing nucleosides and phenolic acids in Cu homeostasis and toxicity or tolerance were evaluated. We assume that this moss has potential for future employment in water quality evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bačkor
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 67 Košice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (P.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Michal Goga
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 67 Košice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (P.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Pragya Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 67 Košice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (P.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Viktória Tuptová
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 67 Košice, Slovakia; (M.G.); (P.S.); (V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mäkinen K, Aspelin W, Pollari M, Wang L. How do they do it? The infection biology of potyviruses. Adv Virus Res 2023; 117:1-79. [PMID: 37832990 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Mäkinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - William Aspelin
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Pollari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linping Wang
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cao A, Gesteiro N, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Maize kernel metabolome involved in resistance to fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1160092. [PMID: 37538055 PMCID: PMC10394704 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1160092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides poses a threat to worldwide maize production due to its ability to infect maize kernel and synthesize fumonisins that can be accumulated above safety levels for humans and animals. Maize breeding has been proposed as key tool to decrease kernel contamination with fumonisins, but metabolic studies complementary to genomic approaches are necessary to disclose the complexity of maize resistance. An untargeted metabolomic study was proposed using inbreds genetically related but with contrasting levels of resistance in order to uncover pathways implicated in resistance to Fusarium ear rot (FER) and fumonisin contamination in the maize kernel and to look for possible biomarkers. Metabolite determinations were performed in kernels collected at 3 and 10 days after inoculation with F. verticillioides (dat). Discriminant metabolites between resistant and susceptible RILs were rather found at 10 than 3 dat, although metabolite differences at later stages of colonization could be driven by subtle variations at earlier stages of infection. Within this context, differences for membrane lipid homeostasis, methionine metabolism, and indolacetic acid conjugation seemed highly relevant to distinguish between resistant and susceptible inbreds, confirming the polygenic nature of resistance to FER and fumonisin contamination in the maize kernels. Nevertheless, some specific metabolites such as the polyamine spermidine and/or the alkaloid isoquinoline seemed to be promising indirect selection traits to improve resistance to FER and reduce fumonisin accumulation. Therefore, in vitro and in vivo experiments will be necessary to validate the inhibitory effects of these compounds on fumonisins biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Rogelio Santiago
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Y, Qi X. Tryptophan pretreatment adjusts transcriptome and metabolome profiles to alleviate cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131226. [PMID: 36934628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to all organisms including plants, and recently tryptophan (Trp) pretreatment of plant seedlings is shown to improve Cd tolerance. But the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we used Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to determine the physiological relevance of Trp pretreatment in alleviating Cd toxicity in plants and explore its molecular mechanism with a focus on the metabolic pathways. The results showed that Trp pretreatment maintained the biomass and root lengths, relieved Cd-induced lipid peroxidation, and reduced Cd transport to the shoots, and eventually improved the response against Cd in Arabidopsis seedlings. The integrative analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome further revealed that Trp pretreatment alleviated Cd toxicity not only through a known mechanism of producing a major auxin indole-3-acetic acid and maintaining its levels, but also through two previously unrecognized mechanisms: increasing the area and strength of cell walls by promoting lignification to further reduce Cd entry, and fine-tuning Cd detoxification products derived from sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism. Our findings thereby provide deep mechanical insights into how Trp alleviates Cd toxicity in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoting Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dobesova M, Kolackova M, Pencik O, Capal P, Chaloupsky P, Svec P, Ridoskova A, Motola M, Cicmancova V, Sopha H, Macak JM, Richtera L, Adam V, Huska D. Transcriptomic hallmarks of in vitro TiO 2 nanotubes toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106419. [PMID: 36807021 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more accessible transcriptomic approaches have provided a new and deeper understanding of environmental toxicity. The present study focuses on the transcriptomic profiles of green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to new industrially promising material, TiO2 nanotubes (NTs), as an example of a widely used one-dimensional nanomaterial. The first algal in vitro assay included 2.5 and 7.5 mg/L TiO2 NTs, resulting in a dose-dependent negative effect on biological endpoints. At a working concentration of 7.5 mg/L, RNA-sequencing showed a mainly negative effect on the cells. In summary, the results indicated metabolic disruption, such as ATP loss, damage to mitochondria and chloroplasts, loss of solutes due to permeated membranes, and cell wall damage. Moreover, apoptosis-induced transcripts were detected. Interestingly, reactivation of transposons was observed. In signalling and transcription pathways, including chromatin remodelling and locking, the annotated genes were downregulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Dobesova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Pencik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Capal
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Slechtitelu 241/27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Chaloupsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Svec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Ridoskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Cicmancova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Sopha
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan M Macak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pollari M, Sipari N, Poque S, Himanen K, Mäkinen K. Effects of Poty-Potexvirus Synergism on Growth, Photosynthesis and Metabolite Status of Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2022; 15:121. [PMID: 36680161 PMCID: PMC9867248 DOI: 10.3390/v15010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed virus infections threaten crop production because interactions between the host and the pathogen mix may lead to viral synergism. While individual infections by potato virus A (PVA), a potyvirus, and potato virus X (PVX), a potexvirus, can be mild, co-infection leads to synergistic enhancement of PVX and severe symptoms. We combined image-based phenotyping with metabolite analysis of single and mixed PVA and PVX infections and compared their effects on growth, photosynthesis, and metabolites in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viral synergism was evident in symptom severity and impaired growth in the plants. Indicative of stress, the co-infection increased leaf temperature and decreased photosynthetic parameters. In contrast, singly infected plants sustained photosynthetic activity. The host's metabolic response differed significantly between single and mixed infections. Over 200 metabolites were differentially regulated in the mixed infection: especially defense-related metabolites and aromatic and branched-chain amino acids increased compared to the control. Changes in the levels of methionine cycle intermediates and a low S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio suggested a decline in the methylation potential in co-infected plants. The decreased ratio between reduced glutathione, an important scavenger of reactive oxygen species, and its oxidized form, indicated that severe oxidative stress developed during co-infection. Based on the results, infection-associated oxidative stress is successfully controlled in the single infections but not in the synergistic infection, where activated defense pathways are not sufficient to counter the impact of the infections on plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Pollari
- Department of Microbiology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Sipari
- Viikki Metabolomics Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sylvain Poque
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Himanen
- National Plant Phenotyping Infrastructure, HiLIFE, Biocenter Finland, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Mäkinen
- Department of Microbiology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dynamic Change of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Colonized Apples by Penicillium expansum. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213367. [PMID: 36359980 PMCID: PMC9657820 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium expansum is a necrotrophic pathogen, which actively kills host cells and obtains nutrients from dead cells to achieve infection. However, few reports have elucidated the differential levels of carbon and nitrogen sources over increasing distances of the leading edge in fungal colonized fruit tissues during colonization. Our results showed that the highest consumption of sucrose and fructose, as well as the accumulation of glucose, were found in the decayed region of P. expansum-colonized ‘Delicious’ apple fruit compared with the healthy region at the leading edge and the healthy region 6 mm away from the leading edge. As nitrogen sources, the contents of methionine, glutamate, leucine, valine, isoleucine and serine were the lowest in the decayed region compared with the healthy regions during colonization. In addition, the titratable acidity, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid and malic acid showed the highest accumulation in the decayed region compared with the healthy regions. P. expansum colonization induced the accumulation of saturated fatty acids in the decayed region, while the level of unsaturated fatty acids was the lowest. These changes were not observed in the healthy regions. These results indicated that P. expansum kills cells in advance of its colonization in order to obtain the nutrients of the apple tissue from the distal leading tissue of the colonized apple. It is understood that more carbon and nitrogen sources are required for fungal colonization, and a stronger defense response against colonization occurred in the fruit, causing the transit of nutrients from the distal tissue to the infected sites.
Collapse
|
16
|
Leaf Bacteriome in Sugar Beet Shows Differential Response against Beet curly top virus during Resistant and Susceptible Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158073. [PMID: 35897649 PMCID: PMC9331236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Beet curly top virus (BCTV) significantly reduces sugar beet yield in semi-arid production areas. Genetic resistance to BCTV is limited; therefore, identification of additional resistance-associated factors is highly desired. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and BCTV resistant (R) genotypes (KDH13, KDH4-9) along with a susceptible (S) genotype (KDH19-17), we investigated leaf bacteriome changes during BCTV post inoculation (pi). At day 6 (~6-week-old plants), Cyanobacteria were predominant (~90%); whereas, at week 4 (~10-week-old plants) Firmicutes (11–66%), Bacteroidetes (17–26%), and Verrucomicrobia (12–29%) were predominant phyla and genotype dependent. Both Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia, increased post infection only in the R lines. The bacterial genera Brevibacillus increased at 6 dpi, and Akkermansia and Bacteroides at 4 wkpi in the R lines. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified potential biomarkers in the R vs. S lines. Functional profiling revealed bacterial enrichment associated with the TCA cycle, polyisoprenoid, and L-methionine biosynthesis pathways only in KDH4-9 at 6 dpi. At 4 wkpi, bacteria associated with tryptophan and palmitate biosynthesis in the R lines, and uridine monophosphate, phosphatidyl glycerol, and phospholipid biosynthesis in the S line, were enriched. Future characterization of bacterial genera with antiviral properties will help establish their use as biocontrol agents/biomarkers against BCTV.
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Z, Yang X, Li W, Wen Z, Duan J, Jiang Z, Zhang D, Xie X, Wang X, Li F, Li D, Zhang Y. SAMDC3 enhances resistance to Barley stripe mosaic virus by promoting the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of viral γb protein. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:618-633. [PMID: 35075654 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play important roles in virus-host interplay. We previously demonstrated that Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) γb protein is phosphorylated by different host kinases to support or impede viral infection. However, whether and how other types of PTMs participate in BSMV infection remains to be explored. Here, we report that S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 3 (SAMDC3) from Nicotiana benthamiana or wheat (Triticum aestivum) interacts with γb. BSMV infection induced SAMDC3 expression. Overexpression of SAMDC3 led to the destabilization of γb and reduction in viral infectivity, whereas knocking out NbSAMDC3 increased susceptibility to BSMV. NbSAMDC3 positively regulated the 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of γb via its PEST domain. Further mechanistic studies revealed that γb can be ubiquitinated in planta and that NbSAMDC3 promotes the proteasomal degradation of γb by increasing γb ubiquitination. We also found evidence that ubiquitination occurs at nonlysine residues (Ser-133 and Cys-144) within γb. Together, our results provide a function for SAMDC3 in defence against BSMV infection through targeting of γb abundance, which contributes to our understanding of how a plant host deploys the ubiquitin-proteasome system to mount defences against viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiangning Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dingliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xialin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Soudani S, Poza-Carrión C, De la Cruz Gómez N, González-Coloma A, Andrés MF, Berrocal-Lobo M. Essential Oils Prime Epigenetic and Metabolomic Changes in Tomato Defense Against Fusarium oxysporum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804104. [PMID: 35422834 PMCID: PMC9002333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we studied the direct and indirect plant protection effects of an Artemisia absinthium essential oil (AEO) on tomato seedlings against Fusarium oxysporum sp. oxysporum radicis lycopersici (Fol). AEO exhibited a toxic effect in vitro against Fol. Additionally, tomato seedlings germinated from seeds pretreated with AEO and grown hydroponically were protected against Fol. Plant disease symptoms, including, water and fresh weight loss, tissue necrosis, and chlorosis were less pronounced in AEO-treated seedlings. AEO also contributed to plant defenses by increasing callose deposition and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on seed surfaces without affecting seed germination or plant development. The essential oil seed coating also primed a durable tomato seedling defense against the fungus at later stages of plant development. RNA-seq and metabolomic analysis performed on seedlings after 12 days showed that the AEO treatment on seeds induced transcriptomic and metabolic changes. The metabolomic analysis showed an induction of vanillic acid, coumarin, lycopene, oleamide, and an unknown metabolite of m/z 529 in the presence of Fol. The StNRPD2 gene, the second largest component of RNA polymerases IV and V directly involved in de novo cytosine methylation by RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM), was highly induced in the presence of AEO. The host methionine cycle (MTC) controlling trans-methylation reactions, was also altered by AEO through the high induction of S-adenosyl methionine transferases (SAMts). Our results suggest that AEO treatment could induce de novo epigenetic changes in tomato, modulating the speed and extent of its immune response to Fol. The EO-seed coating could be a new strategy to prime durable tomato resistance, compatible with other environmentally friendly biopesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serine Soudani
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Poza-Carrión
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia De la Cruz Gómez
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azucena González-Coloma
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fé Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Berrocal-Lobo
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Glushkevich A, Spechenkova N, Fesenko I, Knyazev A, Samarskaya V, Kalinina NO, Taliansky M, Love AJ. Transcriptomic Reprogramming, Alternative Splicing and RNA Methylation in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) Plants in Response to Potato Virus Y Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:635. [PMID: 35270104 PMCID: PMC8912425 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant-virus interactions are greatly influenced by environmental factors such as temperatures. In virus-infected plants, enhanced temperature is frequently associated with more severe symptoms and higher virus content. However, the mechanisms involved in controlling the temperature regulation of plant-virus interactions are poorly characterised. To elucidate these further, we analysed the responses of potato plants cv Chicago to infection by potato virus Y (PVY) at normal (22 °C) and elevated temperature (28 °C), the latter of which is known to significantly increase plant susceptibility to PVY. Using RNAseq analysis, we showed that single and combined PVY and heat-stress treatments caused dramatic changes in gene expression, affecting the transcription of both protein-coding and non-coding RNAs. Among the newly identified genes responsive to PVY infection, we found genes encoding enzymes involved in the catalysis of polyamine formation and poly ADP-ribosylation. We also identified a range of novel non-coding RNAs which were differentially produced in response to single or combined PVY and heat stress, that consisted of antisense RNAs and RNAs with miRNA binding sites. Finally, to gain more insights into the potential role of alternative splicing and epitranscriptomic RNA methylation during combined stress conditions, direct RNA nanopore sequencing was performed. Our findings offer insights for future studies of functional links between virus infections and transcriptome reprogramming, RNA methylation and alternative splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Glushkevich
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Nadezhda Spechenkova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Igor Fesenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Andrey Knyazev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Viktoriya Samarskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Natalia O. Kalinina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Michael Taliansky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (N.S.); (I.F.); (A.K.); (V.S.)
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Andrew J. Love
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Orłowska R, Pachota KA, Androsiuk P, Bednarek PT. Triticale Green Plant Regeneration Is Due to DNA Methylation and Sequence Changes Affecting Distinct Sequence Contexts in the Presence of Copper Ions in Induction Medium. Cells 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 35011646 PMCID: PMC8750698 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ions in the induction medium are essential ingredients allowing green plant regeneration. For instance, Cu(II) and Ag(I) ions may affect the mitochondrial electron transport chain, influencing the Yang cycle and synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, the prominent donor of the methylation group for all cellular compounds, including cytosines. If the ion concentrations are not balanced, they can interfere with the proper flow of electrons in the respiratory chain and ATP production. Under oxidative stress, methylated cytosines might be subjected to mutations impacting green plant regeneration efficiency. Varying Cu(II) and Ag(I) concentrations in the induction medium and time of anther culture, nine trials of anther culture-derived regenerants of triticale were derived. The methylation-sensitive AFLP approach quantitative characteristics of tissue culture-induced variation, including sequence variation, DNA demethylation, and DNA de novo methylation for all symmetric-CG, CHG, and asymmetric-CHH sequence contexts, were evaluated for all trials. In addition, the implementation of mediation analysis allowed evaluating relationships between factors influencing green plant regeneration efficiency. It was demonstrated that Cu(II) ions mediated relationships between: (1) de novo methylation in the CHH context and sequence variation in the CHH, (2) sequence variation in CHH and green plant regeneration efficiency, (3) de novo methylation in CHH sequences and green plant regeneration, (4) between sequence variation in the CHG context, and green plant regeneration efficiency. Cu(II) ions were not a mediator between de novo methylation in the CG context and green plant regeneration. The latter relationship was mediated by sequence variation in the CG context. On the other hand, we failed to identify any mediating action of Ag(I) ions or the moderating role of time. Furthermore, demethylation in any sequence context seems not to participate in any relationships leading to green plant regeneration, sequence variation, and the involvement of Cu(II) or Ag(I) as mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Anna Pachota
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| | - Piotr Androsiuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Janova A, Kolackova M, Bytesnikova Z, Capal P, Chaloupsky P, Svec P, Ridoskova A, Cernei N, Klejdus B, Richtera L, Adam V, Huska D. New insights into mechanisms of copper nanoparticle toxicity in freshwater algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Effects on the pathways of secondary metabolites. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
22
|
Kalapos B, Juhász C, Balogh E, Kocsy G, Tóbiás I, Gullner G. Transcriptome profiling of pepper leaves by RNA-Seq during an incompatible and a compatible pepper-tobamovirus interaction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20680. [PMID: 34667194 PMCID: PMC8526828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon virus infections, the rapid and comprehensive transcriptional reprogramming in host plant cells is critical to ward off virus attack. To uncover genes and defense pathways that are associated with virus resistance, we carried out the transcriptome-wide Illumina RNA-Seq analysis of pepper leaves harboring the L3 resistance gene at 4, 8, 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi) with two tobamoviruses. Obuda pepper virus (ObPV) inoculation led to hypersensitive reaction (incompatible interaction), while Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) inoculation resulted in a systemic infection without visible symptoms (compatible interaction). ObPV induced robust changes in the pepper transcriptome, whereas PMMoV showed much weaker effects. ObPV markedly suppressed genes related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation and photorespiration. On the other hand, genes associated with energy producing pathways, immune receptors, signaling cascades, transcription factors, pathogenesis-related proteins, enzymes of terpenoid biosynthesis and ethylene metabolism as well as glutathione S-transferases were markedly activated by ObPV. Genes related to photosynthesis and carbon fixation were slightly suppressed also by PMMoV. However, PMMoV did not influence significantly the disease signaling and defense pathways. RNA-Seq results were validated by real-time qPCR for ten pepper genes. Our findings provide a deeper insight into defense mechanisms underlying tobamovirus resistance in pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kalapos
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Csilla Juhász
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Eszter Balogh
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kocsy
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - István Tóbiás
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gullner
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Resistance Responses of Potato Plants to Potato Virus Y Are Associated with an Increased Cellular Methionine Content and an Altered SAM:SAH Methylation Index. Viruses 2021; 13:v13060955. [PMID: 34064103 PMCID: PMC8224460 DOI: 10.3390/v13060955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-virus interactions are frequently influenced by elevated temperature, which often increases susceptibility to a virus, a scenario described for potato cultivar Chicago infected with potato virus Y (PVY). In contrast, other potato cultivars such as Gala may have similar resistances to PVY at both normal (22 °C) and high (28 °C) temperatures. To elucidate the mechanisms of temperature-independent antivirus resistance in potato, we analysed responses of Gala plants to PVY at different temperatures using proteomic, transcriptional and metabolic approaches. Here we show that in Gala, PVY infection generally upregulates the accumulation of major enzymes associated with the methionine cycle (MTC) independently of temperature, but that temperature (22 °C or 28 °C) may finely regulate what classes accumulate. The different sets of MTC-related enzymes that are up-regulated at 22 °C or 28 °C likely account for the significantly increased accumulation of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), a key component of MTC which acts as a universal methyl donor in methylation reactions. In contrast to this, we found that in cultivar Chicago, SAM levels were significantly reduced which correlated with the enhanced susceptibility to PVY at high temperature. Collectively, these data suggest that MTC and its major transmethylation function determines resistance or susceptibility to PVY.
Collapse
|
24
|
Orłowska R, Zimny J, Bednarek PT. Copper Ions Induce DNA Sequence Variation in Zygotic Embryo Culture-Derived Barley Regenerants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:614837. [PMID: 33613587 PMCID: PMC7889974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.614837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro tissue culture could be exploited to study cellular mechanisms that induce sequence variation. Altering the metal ion composition of tissue culture medium affects biochemical pathways involved in tissue culture-induced variation. Copper ions are involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and Yang cycle. Copper ions may participate in oxidative mutations, which may contribute to DNA sequence variation. Silver ions compete with copper ions to bind to the complex IV subunit of the respiratory chain, thus affecting the Yang cycle and DNA methylation. The mechanisms underlying somaclonal variation are unknown. In this study, we evaluated embryo-derived barley regenerants obtained from a single double-haploid plant via embryo culture under varying copper and silver ion concentrations and different durations of in vitro culture. Morphological variation among regenerants and the donor plant was not evaluated. Methylation-sensitive Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis of DNA samples showed DNA methylation pattern variation in CG and CHG (H = A, C, or T) sequence contexts. Furthermore, modification of in vitro culture conditions explained DNA sequence variation, demethylation, and de novo methylation in the CHG context, as indicated by analysis of variance. Linear regression indicated that DNA sequence variation was related to de novo DNA methylation in the CHG context. Mediation analysis showed the role of copper ions as a mediator of sequence variation in the CHG context. No other contexts showed a significant sequence variation in mediation analysis. Silver ions did not act as a mediator between any methylation contexts and sequence variation. Thus, incorporating copper ions in the induction medium should be treated with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute–National Research Institute, Błonie, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fesenko I, Spechenkova N, Mamaeva A, Makhotenko AV, Love AJ, Kalinina NO, Taliansky M. Role of the methionine cycle in the temperature-sensitive responses of potato plants to potato virus Y. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:77-91. [PMID: 33146443 PMCID: PMC7749756 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant-virus interactions are greatly influenced by environmental factors such as temperatures. In virus-infected plants, enhanced temperature is frequently associated with more severe symptoms and higher virus content. However, the mechanisms involved in such regulatory effects remain largely uncharacterized. To provide more insight into the mechanisms whereby temperature regulates plant-virus interactions, we analysed changes in the proteome of potato cv. Chicago plants infected with potato virus Y (PVY) at normal (22 °C) and elevated temperature (28 °C), which is known to significantly increase plant susceptibility to the virus. One of the most intriguing findings is that the main enzymes of the methionine cycle (MTC) were down-regulated at the higher but not at normal temperatures. With good agreement, we found that higher temperature conditions triggered consistent and concerted changes in the level of MTC metabolites, suggesting that the enhanced susceptibility of potato plants to PVY at 28 °C may at least be partially orchestrated by the down-regulation of MTC enzymes and concomitant cycle perturbation. In line with this, foliar treatment of these plants with methionine restored accumulation of MTC metabolites and subverted the susceptibility to PVY at elevated temperature. These data are discussed in the context of the major function of the MTC in transmethylation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Fesenko
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Spechenkova
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Anna Mamaeva
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Antonida V. Makhotenko
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
- Belozersky Institute of Physico‐chemical BiologyLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | | | - Natalia O. Kalinina
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
- Belozersky Institute of Physico‐chemical BiologyLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Michael Taliansky
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussian Federation
- The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrie, DundeeUK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sáez C, Flores-León A, Montero-Pau J, Sifres A, Dhillon NPS, López C, Picó B. RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis Provides Candidate Genes for Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Melon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:798858. [PMID: 35116050 PMCID: PMC8805612 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.798858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) emerged in the Mediterranean Basin in 2012 as the first DNA bipartite begomovirus (Geminiviridae family), causing severe yield and economic losses in cucurbit crops. A major resistance locus was identified in the wild melon accession WM-7 (Cucumis melo kachri group), but the mechanisms involved in the resistant response remained unknown. In this work, we used RNA-sequencing to identify disease-associated genes that are differentially expressed in the course of ToLCNDV infection and could contribute to resistance. Transcriptomes of the resistant WM-7 genotype and the susceptible cultivar Piñonet Piel de Sapo (PS) (C. melo ibericus group) in ToLCNDV and mock inoculated plants were compared at four time points during infection (0, 3, 6, and 12 days post inoculation). Different gene expression patterns were observed over time in the resistant and susceptible genotypes in comparison to their respective controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ToLCNDV-infected plants were classified using gene ontology (GO) terms, and genes of the categories transcription, DNA replication, and helicase activity were downregulated in WM-7 but upregulated in PS, suggesting that reduced activity of these functions reduces ToLCNDV replication and intercellular spread and thereby contributes to resistance. DEGs involved in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, photosynthesis, RNA silencing, transmembrane, and sugar transporters entail adverse consequences for systemic infection in the resistant genotype, and lead to susceptibility in PS. The expression levels of selected candidate genes were validated by qRT-PCR to corroborate their differential expression upon ToLCNDV infection in resistant and susceptible melon. Furthermore, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) with an effect on structural functionality of DEGs linked to the main QTLs for ToLCNDV resistance have been identified. The obtained results pinpoint cellular functions and candidate genes that are differentially expressed in a resistant and susceptible melon line in response to ToLCNDV, an information of great relevance for breeding ToLCNDV-resistant melon cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sáez
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Cristina Sáez,
| | - Alejandro Flores-León
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Montero-Pau
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Sifres
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Narinder P. S. Dhillon
- World Vegetable Center, East and Southeast Asia, Research and Training Station, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Carmelo López
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Carmelo López,
| | - Belén Picó
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Belén Picó,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pattyn J, Vaughan‐Hirsch J, Van de Poel B. The regulation of ethylene biosynthesis: a complex multilevel control circuitry. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:770-782. [PMID: 32790878 PMCID: PMC7820975 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The gaseous plant hormone ethylene is produced by a fairly simple two-step biosynthesis route. Despite this pathway's simplicity, recent molecular and genetic studies have revealed that the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis is far more complex and occurs at different layers. Ethylene production is intimately linked with the homeostasis of its general precursor S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM), which experiences transcriptional and posttranslational control of its synthesising enzymes (SAM synthetase), as well as the metabolic flux through the adjacent Yang cycle. Ethylene biosynthesis continues from SAM by two dedicated enzymes: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO). Although the transcriptional dynamics of ACS and ACO have been well documented, the first transcription factors that control ACS and ACO expression have only recently been discovered. Both ACS and ACO display a type-specific posttranslational regulation that controls protein stability and activity. The nonproteinogenic amino acid ACC also shows a tight level of control through conjugation and translocation. Different players in ACC conjugation and transport have been identified over the years, however their molecular regulation and biological significance is unclear, yet relevant, as ACC can also signal independently of ethylene. In this review, we bring together historical reports and the latest findings on the complex regulation of the ethylene biosynthesis pathway in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Pattyn
- Molecular Plant Hormone Physiology LaboratoryDivision of Crop BiotechnicsDepartment of BiosystemsUniversity of LeuvenWillem de Croylaan 42Leuven3001Belgium
| | - John Vaughan‐Hirsch
- Molecular Plant Hormone Physiology LaboratoryDivision of Crop BiotechnicsDepartment of BiosystemsUniversity of LeuvenWillem de Croylaan 42Leuven3001Belgium
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Molecular Plant Hormone Physiology LaboratoryDivision of Crop BiotechnicsDepartment of BiosystemsUniversity of LeuvenWillem de Croylaan 42Leuven3001Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Torrance L, Talianksy ME. Potato Virus Y Emergence and Evolution from the Andes of South America to Become a Major Destructive Pathogen of Potato and Other Solanaceous Crops Worldwide. Viruses 2020; 12:v12121430. [PMID: 33322703 PMCID: PMC7764287 DOI: 10.3390/v12121430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potato was introduced to Europe from the Andes of South America in the 16th century, and today it is grown worldwide; it is a nutritious staple food eaten by millions and underpins food security in many countries. Unknowingly, potato virus Y (PVY) was also introduced through trade in infected potato tubers, and it has become the most important viral pathogen of potato. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed the spread and emergence of strains of PVY, including strains causing economically important diseases in tobacco, tomato and pepper, and that the virus continues to evolve with the relatively recent emergence of new damaging recombinant strains. High-throughput, next-generation sequencing platforms provide powerful tools for detection, identification and surveillance of new PVY strains. Aphid vectors of PVY are expected to increase in incidence and abundance in a warmer climate, which will increase the risk of virus spread. Wider deployment of crop cultivars carrying virus resistance will be an important means of defence against infection. New cutting-edge biotechnological tools such as CRISPR and SIGS offer a means for rapid engineering of resistance in established cultivars. We conclude that in future, human activities and ingenuity should be brought to bear to control PVY and the emergence of new strains in key crops by increased focus on host resistance and factors driving virus evolution and spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Torrance
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;
- The School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Michael E. Talianksy
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sanfaçon H. Modulation of disease severity by plant positive-strand RNA viruses: The complex interplay of multifunctional viral proteins, subviral RNAs and virus-associated RNAs with plant signaling pathways and defense responses. Adv Virus Res 2020; 107:87-131. [PMID: 32711736 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant viruses induce a range of symptoms of varying intensity, ranging from severe systemic necrosis to mild or asymptomatic infection. Several evolutionary constraints drive virus virulence, including the dependence of viruses on host factors to complete their infection cycle, the requirement to counteract or evade plant antiviral defense responses and the mode of virus transmission. Viruses have developed an array of strategies to modulate disease severity. Accumulating evidence has highlighted not only the multifunctional role that viral proteins play in disrupting or highjacking plant factors, hormone signaling pathways and intracellular organelles, but also the interaction networks between viral proteins, subviral RNAs and/or other viral-associated RNAs that regulate disease severity. This review focusses on positive-strand RNA viruses, which constitute the majority of characterized plant viruses. Using well-characterized viruses with different genome types as examples, recent advances are discussed as well as knowledge gaps and opportunities for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Sanfaçon
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alegre S, Pascual J, Trotta A, Angeleri M, Rahikainen M, Brosche M, Moffatt B, Kangasjärvi S. Evolutionary conservation and post-translational control of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase in land plants. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227466. [PMID: 32678822 PMCID: PMC7367456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-methylation reactions are intrinsic to cellular metabolism in all living organisms. In land plants, a range of substrate-specific methyltransferases catalyze the methylation of DNA, RNA, proteins, cell wall components and numerous species-specific metabolites, thereby providing means for growth and acclimation in various terrestrial habitats. Trans-methylation reactions consume vast amounts of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as a methyl donor in several cellular compartments. The inhibitory reaction by-product, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH), is continuously removed by SAH hydrolase (SAHH), which essentially maintains trans-methylation reactions in all living cells. Here we report on the evolutionary conservation and post-translational control of SAHH in land plants. We provide evidence suggesting that SAHH forms oligomeric protein complexes in phylogenetically divergent land plants and that the predominant protein complex is composed by a tetramer of the enzyme. Analysis of light-stress-induced adjustments of SAHH in Arabidopsis thaliana and Physcomitrella patens further suggests that regulatory actions may take place on the levels of protein complex formation and phosphorylation of this metabolically central enzyme. Collectively, these data suggest that plant adaptation to terrestrial environments involved evolution of regulatory mechanisms that adjust the trans-methylation machinery in response to environmental cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alegre
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesús Pascual
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrea Trotta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Martina Angeleri
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Moona Rahikainen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Brosche
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barbara Moffatt
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu T, Wu L, He H, Song J, Jia M, Liu L, Wang X, Han R, Niu L, Du W, Zhang X, Wang W, Liang X, Li H, Liu J, Xu H, Liu C, Ma P. Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq Reveals Distinct Expression Profiling in Chinese Wheat Cultivar Jimai 23 Responding to Powdery Mildew. Front Genet 2020; 11:474. [PMID: 32536936 PMCID: PMC7268692 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is one of the most destructive fungal diseases threatening global wheat production. Host resistance is well known to be the most efficient method to control this disease. However, the molecular mechanism of wheat powdery mildew resistance (Pm) is still unclear. To analyze the molecular mechanism of Pm, we used the resistant wheat cultivar Jimai 23 to investigate its potential resistance components and profiled its expression in response to powdery mildew infection using bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq). We showed that the Pm of Jimai 23 was provided by a single dominant gene, tentatively designated PmJM23, and assigned it to the documented Pm2 region of chromosome 5DS. 3,816 consistently different SNPs were called between resistant and susceptible parents and the bulked pools derived from the combinations between the resistant parent Jimai23 and the susceptible parent Tainong18. 58 of the SNPs were assigned to the candidate region of PmJM23. Subsequently, 3,803 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between parents and bulks were analyzed by GO, COG and KEGG pathway enrichment. The temporal expression patterns of associated genes following Bgt inoculation were further determined by RT-qPCR. Expression of six disease-related genes was investigated during Bgt infection and might serve as valuable genetic resources for the improvement of durable resistance to Bgt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Liru Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Huagang He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiancheng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengshu Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Liancheng Liu
- Beijing Biomics Technology Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Han
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Liping Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxiao Du
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|