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Barati A, Rezaei Somee L, Shahsavani MB, Ghasemi A, Hoshino M, Hong J, Saboury AA, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Agnetti G, Yousefi R. Insights into the dual nature of αB-crystallin chaperone activity from the p.P39L mutant at the N-terminal region. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7353. [PMID: 38548822 PMCID: PMC10978848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57651-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The substitution of leucine to proline at position 39 (p.P39L) in human αB-crystallin (αB-Cry) has been associated with conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity in cataracts and cardiomyopathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the p.P39L mutation on the structural and functional features of human αB-Cry. The mutant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using anion exchange chromatography. We employed a wide range of spectroscopic analyses, gel electrophoresis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques to investigate the structure, function, stability, and fibrillation propensity of the mutant protein. The p.P39L mutation caused significant changes in the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of human αB-Cry and increased the thermal stability of the protein. The mutant αB-Cry exhibited an increased chaperone activity and an altered oligomeric size distribution, along with an increased propensity to form amyloid aggregates. It is worth mentioning, increased chaperone activity has important positive and negative effects on damaged cells related to cataracts and cardiomyopathy, particularly by interfering in the process of apoptosis. Despite the apparent positive nature of the increased chaperone activity, it is also linked to adverse consequences. This study provides important insights into the effect of proline substitution by leucine at the N-terminal region on the dual nature of chaperone activity in human αB-Cry, which can act as a double-edged sword.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Barati
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Rezaei Somee
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Atiyeh Ghasemi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masaru Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Hong
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Giulio Agnetti
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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McFarland R, Reichow S. Dynamic fibrillar assembly of αB-crystallin induced by perturbation of the conserved NT-IXI motif resolved by cryo-EM. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.22.586355. [PMID: 38585788 PMCID: PMC10996541 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.22.586355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
αB-crystallin is an archetypical member of the small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) vital for cellular proteostasis and mitigating protein misfolding diseases. Gaining insights into the principles defining their molecular organization and chaperone function have been hindered by intrinsic dynamic properties and limited high-resolution structural analysis. To disentangle the mechanistic underpinnings of these dynamical properties, we mutated a conserved IXI-motif located within the N-terminal (NT) domain of human αB-crystallin. This resulted in a profound structural transformation, from highly polydispersed caged-like native assemblies into a comparatively well-ordered helical fibril state amenable to high-resolution cryo-EM analysis. The reversible nature of the induced fibrils facilitated interrogation of functional effects due to perturbation of the NT-IXI motif in both the native-like oligomer and fibril states. Together, our investigations unveiled several features thought to be key mechanistic attributes to sHSPs and point to a critical significance of the NT-IXI motif in αB-crystallin assembly, dynamics and chaperone activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell McFarland
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
- Current: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Steve Reichow
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
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3
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Ecroyd H, Bartelt-Kirbach B, Ben-Zvi A, Bonavita R, Bushman Y, Casarotto E, Cecconi C, Lau WCY, Hibshman JD, Joosten J, Kimonis V, Klevit R, Liberek K, McMenimen KA, Miwa T, Mogk A, Montepietra D, Peters C, Rocchetti MT, Saman D, Sisto A, Secco V, Strauch A, Taguchi H, Tanguay M, Tedesco B, Toth ME, Wang Z, Benesch JLP, Carra S. The beauty and complexity of the small heat shock proteins: a report on the proceedings of the fourth workshop on small heat shock proteins. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:621-629. [PMID: 37462824 PMCID: PMC10746627 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fourth Cell Stress Society International workshop on small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), a follow-up to successful workshops held in 2014, 2016 and 2018, took place as a virtual meeting on the 17-18 November 2022. The meeting was designed to provide an opportunity for those working on sHSPs to reconnect and discuss their latest work. The diversity of research in the sHSP field is reflected in the breadth of topics covered in the talks presented at this meeting. Here we summarise the presentations at this meeting and provide some perspectives on exciting future topics to be addressed in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heath Ecroyd
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | | | - Anat Ben-Zvi
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Raffaella Bonavita
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Yevheniia Bushman
- Center for Protein Assemblies and Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti" (DiSFeB), Dipartimento di Eccellenza, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ciro Cecconi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR-NANO, Center S3, Modena, Italy
| | - Wilson Chun Yu Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jonathan D Hibshman
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joep Joosten
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California - Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
- Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rachel Klevit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Krzysztof Liberek
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kathryn A McMenimen
- Program in Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA
| | - Tsukumi Miwa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Axel Mogk
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 282, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniele Montepietra
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR-NANO, Center S3, Modena, Italy
- Department of Department of Chemical, Life and Environmental sustainability sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carsten Peters
- Center for Protein Assemblies and Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggio, Italy
| | - Dominik Saman
- Department of Chemistry, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Angela Sisto
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Valentina Secco
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Annika Strauch
- Center for Protein Assemblies and Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Hideki Taguchi
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Morgan Tanguay
- Program in Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti" (DiSFeB), Dipartimento di Eccellenza, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Melinda E Toth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Serena Carra
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Shatov VM, Muranova LK, Zamotina MA, Sluchanko NN, Gusev NB. α-Crystallin Domains of Five Human Small Heat Shock Proteins (sHsps) Differ in Dimer Stabilities and Ability to Incorporate Themselves into Oligomers of Full-Length sHsps. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021085. [PMID: 36674601 PMCID: PMC9860685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The α-crystallin domain (ACD) is the hallmark of a diverse family of small heat shock proteins (sHsps). We investigated some of the ACD properties of five human sHsps as well as their interactions with different full-length sHsps. According to size-exclusion chromatography, at high concentrations, the ACDs of HspB1 (B1ACD), HspB5 (B5ACD) and HspB6 (B6ACD) formed dimers of different stabilities, which, upon dilution, dissociated to monomers to different degrees. Upon dilution, the B1ACD dimers possessed the highest stabilities, and those of B6ACD had the lowest. In striking contrast, the ACDs of HspB7 (B7ACD) and HspB8 (B8ACD) formed monomers in the same concentration range, which indicated the compromised stabilities of their dimer interfaces. B1ACD, B5ACD and B6ACD transiently interacted with full-length HspB1 and HspB5, which are known to form large oligomers, and modulated their oligomerization behavior. The small oligomers formed by the 3D mutant of HspB1 (mimicking phosphorylation at Ser15, Ser78 and Ser82) effectively interacted with B1ACD, B5ACD and B6ACD, incorporating these α-crystallin domains into their structures. The inherently dimeric full-length HspB6 readily formed heterooligomeric complexes with B1ACD and B5ACD. In sharp contrast to the abovementioned ACDs, B7ACD and B8ACD were unable to interact with full-length HspB1, the 3D mutant of HspB1, HspB5 or HspB6. Thus, their high sequence homology notwithstanding, B7ACD and B8ACD differ from the other three ACDs in their inability to form dimers and interact with the full-length small heat shock proteins. Having conservative primary structures and being apparently similar, the ACDs of the different sHsps differ in terms of their dimer stabilities, which can influence the heterooligomerization preferences of sHsps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav M. Shatov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Lydia K. Muranova
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Maria A. Zamotina
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Nikolai N. Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Nikolai B. Gusev
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-2747
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5
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Choi SK, Hwang SY, Jeon S, Yoo H, Lee J, Shin JH, Na Y, Kwon Y, Lee YS. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel HSP27 inhibitors to sensitize lung cancer cells to clinically available anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2023; 130:106260. [PMID: 36410114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Expression of heat shock protein (HSP) correlates with the oncogenic status of malignant cells and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. HSP27 is constitutively expressed at specific stages of cancer development, and several clinical trials have reported correlations between HSP27 expression and tumor progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance in various types of cancer cells. These findings indicate that HSP27 is a major drug target, particularly in chemo-resistant cancers. As part of our ongoing efforts to improve the previously identified J2, a HSP27 cross-linker, we, in this study, report the identification of NK16 as a novel inducer of abnormal HSP27 dimers that did not affect the expression of HSP90 in an NCI-H460 lung cancer cell model. When NCI-H460 cells were treated with NK16 in combination with the anticancer drug cisplatin or paclitaxel, cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 was increased compared to administration of cisplatin or paclitaxel alone. Similar results were obtained in an NCI-H460-xenografted mouse model, in which tumor growth was suppressed more by co-administration of NK16 and paclitaxel than by paclitaxel alone. We propose NK16 as a meaningful strategy to improve the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin and paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Ki Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Hwang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Jeon
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hawon Yoo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Effects of Molecular Crowding and Betaine on HSPB5 Interactions, with Target Proteins Differing in the Quaternary Structure and Aggregation Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315392. [PMID: 36499725 PMCID: PMC9737104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of intracellular proteins may be enhanced under stress. The expression of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) and the accumulation of osmolytes are among the cellular protective mechanisms in these conditions. In addition, one should remember that the cell environment is highly crowded. The antiaggregation activity of HSPB5 and the effect on it of either a crowding agent (polyethylene glycol (PEG)) or an osmolyte (betaine), or their mixture, were tested on the aggregation of two target proteins that differ in the order of aggregation with respect to the protein: thermal aggregation of glutamate dehydrogenase and DTT-induced aggregation of lysozyme. The kinetic analysis of the dynamic light-scattering data indicates that crowding can decrease the chaperone-like activity of HSPB5. Nonetheless, the analytical ultracentrifugation shows the protective effect of HSPB5, which retains protein aggregates in a soluble state. Overall, various additives may either improve or impair the antiaggregation activity of HSPB5 against different protein targets. The mixed crowding arising from the presence of PEG and 1 M betaine demonstrates an extraordinary effect on the oligomeric state of protein aggregates. The shift in the equilibrium of HSPB5 dynamic ensembles allows for the regulation of its antiaggregation activity. Crowding can modulate HSPB5 activity by affecting protein-protein interactions.
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7
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Lei T, Xiao Z, Bi W, Cai S, Yang Y, Du H. Targeting small heat shock proteins to degrade aggregates as a potential strategy in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101769. [PMID: 36283618 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are aging-related diseases that involve the death of neurons in the brain. Dysregulation of protein homeostasis leads to the production of toxic proteins or the formation of aggregates, which is the pathological basis of NDs. Small heat shock proteins (HSPB) is involved in the establishment of a protein quality control (PQC) system to maintain cellular homeostasis. HSPB can be secreted into the extracellular space and delivered by various routes, especially extracellular vehicles (EVs). HSPB plays an important role in influencing the aggregation phase of toxic proteins involved in heat shock transcription factor (HSF) regulation, oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis pathways. HSPB conferred neuroprotective effects by resisting toxic protein aggregation, reducing autophagy and reducing neuronal apoptosis. The HSPB treatment strategies, including targeted PQC system therapy and delivery of EVs-HSPB, can improve disease manifestations for NDs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the impact of HSPB in NDs and the feasibility of new technology to enhance HSPB expression and EVs-HSPB delivery for neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wangyu Bi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shanglin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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8
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Van den Broek B, Wuyts C, Irobi J. Extracellular vesicle-associated small heat shock proteins as therapeutic agents in neurodegenerative diseases and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114009. [PMID: 34673130 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence points towards using extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease. EVs are nanosized carriers that play an essential role in intercellular communication and cellular homeostasis by transporting an active molecular cargo, including a large variety of proteins. Recent publications demonstrate that small heat shock proteins (HSPBs) exhibit a beneficial role in neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, it is defined that HSPBs target the autophagy and the apoptosis pathway, playing a prominent role in chaperone activity and cell survival. This review elaborates on the therapeutic potential of EVs and HSPBs, in particular HSPB1 and HSPB8, in neurodegenerative diseases. We conclude that EVs and HSPBs positively influence neuroinflammation, central nervous system (CNS) repair, and protein aggregation in CNS disorders. Moreover, we propose the use of HSPB-loaded EVs as advanced nanocarriers for the future development of neurodegenerative disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Van den Broek
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wuyts
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Joy Irobi
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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9
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The binding of the small heat-shock protein αB-crystallin to fibrils of α-synuclein is driven by entropic forces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2108790118. [PMID: 34518228 PMCID: PMC8463877 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2108790118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are key components of the cellular proteostasis network whose role includes the suppression of the formation and proliferation of pathogenic aggregates associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular principles that allow chaperones to recognize misfolded and aggregated proteins remain, however, incompletely understood. To address this challenge, here we probe the thermodynamics and kinetics of the interactions between chaperones and protein aggregates under native solution conditions using a microfluidic platform. We focus on the binding between amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein, associated with Parkinson's disease, to the small heat-shock protein αB-crystallin, a chaperone widely involved in the cellular stress response. We find that αB-crystallin binds to α-synuclein fibrils with high nanomolar affinity and that the binding is driven by entropy rather than enthalpy. Measurements of the change in heat capacity indicate significant entropic gain originates from the disassembly of the oligomeric chaperones that function as an entropic buffer system. These results shed light on the functional roles of chaperone oligomerization and show that chaperones are stored as inactive complexes which are capable of releasing active subunits to target aberrant misfolded species.
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10
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Troussicot L, Burmann BM, Molin M. Structural determinants of multimerization and dissociation in 2-Cys peroxiredoxin chaperone function. Structure 2021; 29:640-654. [PMID: 33945778 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are abundant peroxidases present in all kingdoms of life. Recently, they have been shown to also carry out additional roles as molecular chaperones. To address this emerging supplementary function, this review focuses on structural studies of 2-Cys PRDX systems exhibiting chaperone activity. We provide a detailed understanding of the current knowledge of structural determinants underlying the chaperone function of PRDXs. Specifically, we describe the mechanisms which may modulate their quaternary structure to facilitate interactions with client proteins and how they are coordinated with the functions of other molecular chaperones. Following an overview of PRDX molecular architecture, we outline structural details of the presently best-characterized peroxiredoxins exhibiting chaperone function and highlight common denominators. Finally, we discuss the remarkable structural similarities between 2-Cys PRDXs, small HSPs, and J-domain-independent Hsp40 holdases in terms of their functions and dynamic equilibria between low- and high-molecular-weight oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Troussicot
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn M Burmann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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11
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Alderson TR, Adriaenssens E, Asselbergh B, Pritišanac I, Van Lent J, Gastall HY, Wälti MA, Louis JM, Timmerman V, Baldwin AJ, Lp Benesch J. A weakened interface in the P182L variant of HSP27 associated with severe Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy causes aberrant binding to interacting proteins. EMBO J 2021; 40:e103811. [PMID: 33644875 PMCID: PMC8047445 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
HSP27 is a human molecular chaperone that forms large, dynamic oligomers and functions in many aspects of cellular homeostasis. Mutations in HSP27 cause Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease, the most common inherited disorder of the peripheral nervous system. A particularly severe form of CMT disease is triggered by the P182L mutation in the highly conserved IxI/V motif of the disordered C‐terminal region, which interacts weakly with the structured core domain of HSP27. Here, we observed that the P182L mutation disrupts the chaperone activity and significantly increases the size of HSP27 oligomers formed in vivo, including in motor neurons differentiated from CMT patient‐derived stem cells. Using NMR spectroscopy, we determined that the P182L mutation decreases the affinity of the HSP27 IxI/V motif for its own core domain, leaving this binding site more accessible for other IxI/V‐containing proteins. We identified multiple IxI/V‐bearing proteins that bind with higher affinity to the P182L variant due to the increased availability of the IxI/V‐binding site. Our results provide a mechanistic basis for the impact of the P182L mutation on HSP27 and suggest that the IxI/V motif plays an important, regulatory role in modulating protein–protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reid Alderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elias Adriaenssens
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Bob Asselbergh
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerpen, Belgium.,Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iva Pritišanac
- Molecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonas Van Lent
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Heidi Y Gastall
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marielle A Wälti
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John M Louis
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
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12
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Grosas AB, Rekas A, Mata JP, Thorn DC, Carver JA. The Aggregation of αB-Crystallin under Crowding Conditions Is Prevented by αA-Crystallin: Implications for α-Crystallin Stability and Lens Transparency. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:5593-5613. [PMID: 32827531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most crowded biological environments is the eye lens which contains a high concentration of crystallin proteins. The molecular chaperones αB-crystallin (αBc) with its lens partner αA-crystallin (αAc) prevent deleterious crystallin aggregation and cataract formation. However, some forms of cataract are associated with structural alteration and dysfunction of αBc. While many studies have investigated the structure and function of αBc under dilute in vitro conditions, the effect of crowding on these aspects is not well understood despite its in vivo relevance. The structure and chaperone ability of αBc under conditions that mimic the crowded lens environment were investigated using the polysaccharide Ficoll 400 and bovine γ-crystallin as crowding agents and a variety of biophysical methods, principally contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering. Under crowding conditions, αBc unfolds, increases its size/oligomeric state, decreases its thermal stability and chaperone ability, and forms kinetically distinct amorphous and fibrillar aggregates. However, the presence of αAc stabilizes αBc against aggregation. These observations provide a rationale, at the molecular level, for the aggregation of αBc in the crowded lens, a process that exhibits structural and functional similarities to the aggregation of cataract-associated αBc mutants R120G and D109A under dilute conditions. Strategies that maintain or restore αBc stability, as αAc does, may provide therapeutic avenues for the treatment of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan B Grosas
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Agata Rekas
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Jitendra P Mata
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - David C Thorn
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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13
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Proteinaceous Transformers: Structural and Functional Variability of Human sHsps. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155448. [PMID: 32751672 PMCID: PMC7432308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteostasis network allows organisms to support and regulate the life cycle of proteins. Especially regarding stress, molecular chaperones represent the main players within this network. Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are a diverse family of ATP-independent molecular chaperones acting as the first line of defense in many stress situations. Thereby, the promiscuous interaction of sHsps with substrate proteins results in complexes from which the substrates can be refolded by ATP-dependent chaperones. Particularly in vertebrates, sHsps are linked to a broad variety of diseases and are needed to maintain the refractive index of the eye lens. A striking key characteristic of sHsps is their existence in ensembles of oligomers with varying numbers of subunits. The respective dynamics of these molecules allow the exchange of subunits and the formation of hetero-oligomers. Additionally, these dynamics are closely linked to the chaperone activity of sHsps. In current models a shift in the equilibrium of the sHsp ensemble allows regulation of the chaperone activity, whereby smaller oligomers are commonly the more active species. Different triggers reversibly change the oligomer equilibrium and regulate the activity of sHsps. However, a finite availability of high-resolution structures of sHsps still limits a detailed mechanistic understanding of their dynamics and the correlating recognition of substrate proteins. Here we summarize recent advances in understanding the structural and functional relationships of human sHsps with a focus on the eye-lens αA- and αB-crystallins.
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14
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Chebotareva NA, Roman SG, Borzova VA, Eronina TB, Mikhaylova VV, Kurganov BI. Chaperone-Like Activity of HSPB5: The Effects of Quaternary Structure Dynamics and Crowding. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144940. [PMID: 32668633 PMCID: PMC7404038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent molecular chaperones that interact with partially unfolded proteins, preventing their aberrant aggregation, thereby exhibiting a chaperone-like activity. Dynamics of the quaternary structure plays an important role in the chaperone-like activity of sHSPs. However, relationship between the dynamic structure of sHSPs and their chaperone-like activity remains insufficiently characterized. Many factors (temperature, ions, a target protein, crowding etc.) affect the structure and activity of sHSPs. The least studied is an effect of crowding on sHSPs activity. In this work the chaperone-like activity of HSPB5 was quantitatively characterized by dynamic light scattering using two test systems, namely test systems based on heat-induced aggregation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb) at 48 °C and dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of α-lactalbumin at 37 °C. Analytical ultracentrifugation was used to control the oligomeric state of HSPB5 and target proteins. The possible anti-aggregation functioning of suboligomeric forms of HSPB5 is discussed. The effect of crowding on HSPB5 anti-aggregation activity was characterized using Phb as a target protein. The duration of the nucleation stage was shown to decrease with simultaneous increase in the relative rate of aggregation of Phb in the presence of HSPB5 under crowded conditions. Crowding may subtly modulate sHSPs activity.
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15
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Collier MP, Benesch JLP. Small heat-shock proteins and their role in mechanical stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:601-613. [PMID: 32253742 PMCID: PMC7332611 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to respond to stress is central to health. Stress can damage folded proteins, which are vulnerable to even minor changes in cellular conditions. To maintain proteostasis, cells have developed an intricate network in which molecular chaperones are key players. The small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are a widespread family of molecular chaperones, and some sHSPs are prominent in muscle, where cells and proteins must withstand high levels of applied force. sHSPs have long been thought to act as general interceptors of protein aggregation. However, evidence is accumulating that points to a more specific role for sHSPs in protecting proteins from mechanical stress. Here, we briefly introduce the sHSPs and outline the evidence for their role in responses to mechanical stress. We suggest that sHSPs interact with mechanosensitive proteins to regulate physiological extension and contraction cycles. It is likely that further study of these interactions - enabled by the development of experimental methodologies that allow protein contacts to be studied under the application of mechanical force - will expand our understanding of the activity and functions of sHSPs, and of the roles played by chaperones in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda P Collier
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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16
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Boelens WC. Structural aspects of the human small heat shock proteins related to their functional activities. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:581-591. [PMID: 32253739 PMCID: PMC7332592 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins function as chaperones by binding unfolding substrate proteins in an ATP-independent manner to keep them in a folding-competent state and to prevent irreversible aggregation. They play crucial roles in diseases that are characterized by protein aggregation, such as neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases, but are also involved in cataract, cancer, and congenital disorders. For this reason, these proteins are interesting therapeutic targets for finding molecules that could affect the chaperone activity or compensate specific mutations. This review will give an overview of the available knowledge on the structural complexity of human small heat shock proteins, which may aid in the search for such therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilbert C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry 284, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Muranova LK, Sudnitsyna MV, Strelkov SV, Gusev NB. Mutations in HspB1 and hereditary neuropathies. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:655-665. [PMID: 32301006 PMCID: PMC7332652 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is major hereditary neuropathy. CMT has been linked to mutations in a range of proteins, including the small heat shock protein HspB1. Here we review the properties of several HspB1 mutants associated with CMT. In vitro, mutations in the N-terminal domain lead to a formation of larger HspB1 oligomers when compared with the wild-type (WT) protein. These mutants are resistant to phosphorylation-induced dissociation and reveal lower chaperone-like activity than the WT on a range of model substrates. Mutations in the α-crystallin domain lead to the formation of yet larger HspB1 oligomers tending to dissociate at low protein concentration and having variable chaperone-like activity. Mutations in the conservative IPV motif within the C-terminal domain induce the formation of very large oligomers with low chaperone-like activity. Most mutants interact with a partner small heat shock protein, HspB6, in a manner different from that of the WT protein. The link between the altered physico-chemical properties and the pathological CMT phenotype is a subject of discussion. Certain HspB1 mutations appear to have an effect on cytoskeletal elements such as intermediate filaments and/or microtubules, and by this means damage the axonal transport. In addition, mutations of HspB1 can affect the metabolism in astroglia and indirectly modulate the viability of motor neurons. While the mechanisms of pathological mutations in HspB1 are likely to vary greatly across different mutations, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required for a better understanding of the CMT disease at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia K Muranova
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Maria V Sudnitsyna
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikolai B Gusev
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
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18
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Shatov VM, Strelkov SV, Gusev NB. The Heterooligomerization of Human Small Heat Shock Proteins Is Controlled by Conserved Motif Located in the N-Terminal Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124248. [PMID: 32549212 PMCID: PMC7352286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed human small heat shock proteins (sHsps) HspB1, HspB5, HspB6 and HspB8 contain a conserved motif (S/G)RLFD in their N-terminal domain. For each of them, we prepared mutants with a replacement of the conserved R by A (R/A mutants) and a complete deletion of the pentapeptide (Δ mutants) and analyzed their heterooligomerization with other wild-type (WT) human sHsps. We found that WT HspB1 and HspB5 formed heterooligomers with HspB6 only upon heating. In contrast, both HspB1 mutants interacted with WT HspB6 even at low temperature. HspB1/HspB6 heterooligomers revealed a broad size distribution with equimolar ratio suggestive of heterodimers as building blocks, while HspB5/HspB6 heterooligomers had an approximate 2:1 ratio. In contrast, R/A or Δ mutants of HspB6, when mixed with either HspB1 or HspB5, resulted in heterooligomers with a highly variable molar ratio and a decreased HspB6 incorporation. No heterooligomerization of HspB8 or its mutants with either HspB1 or HspB5 could be detected. Finally, R/A or Δ mutations had no effect on heterooligomerization of HspB1 and HspB5 as analyzed by ion exchange chromatography. We conclude that the conserved N-terminal motif plays an important role in heterooligomer formation, as especially pronounced in HspB6 lacking the C-terminal IXI motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav M. Shatov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian;
| | - Sergei V. Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Nikolai B. Gusev
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian;
- Correspondence:
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19
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Muranova LK, Strelkov SV, Gusev NB. Effect of cataract-associated mutations in the N-terminal domain of αB-crystallin (HspB5). Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108091. [PMID: 32533979 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physico-chemical properties of three cataract-associated missense mutants of αB-crystallin (HspB5) (R11H, P20S, R56W) were analyzed. The oligomers formed by the R11H mutant were smaller, whereas the oligomers of the P20S and R56W mutants were larger than those of the wild-type protein. The P20S mutant possessed lower thermal stability than the wild-type HspB5 or two other HspB5 mutants. All HspB5 mutants were able to form heterooligomeric complexes with αA-crystallin (HspB4), a genuine component of eye lens. However, the P20S and R56W mutants were less effective in the formation of these complexes and properties of heterooligomeric complexes formed by these mutants and HspB4 and analyzed by ion-exchange chromatography were different from those formed by the wild-type HspB5 and HspB4. All HspB5 variants also heterooligomerized with another partner protein, HspB6. Specifically for the P20S mutant forming two distinct sizes of homooligomers, only the smaller homooligomer population was able to interact with HspB6. P20S and R56W mutants possessed lower chaperone-like activity than the wild-type HspB5 when UV-irradiated βL-crystallin was used as a model substrate. Importantly, all three mutations are localized in three earlier postulated short α-helical regions present in the N-terminal domain of αB-crystallin. These observations suggest an important structural and functional role of these regions. Correspondingly, therein localized mutations ultimately result in clinically relevant cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia K Muranova
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Nikolai B Gusev
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.
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20
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Marcos AT, Amorós D, Muñoz-Cabello B, Galán F, Rivas Infante E, Alcaraz-Mas L, Navarro-Pando JM. A novel dominant mutation in CRYAB gene leading to a severe phenotype with childhood onset. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1290. [PMID: 32420686 PMCID: PMC7434720 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background αB‐crystallin is a promiscuous protein involved in numerous cell functions. Mutations in CRYAB have been found in patients with different pathological phenotypes that are not properly understood. Patients can present different diseases like cataracts, muscle weakness, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, respiratory insufficiency or dysphagia, but also a variable combination of these pathologies has been found. These mutations can show either autosomal dominant or recessive mode of inheritance and variable penetrance and expressivity. This is the first report of congenital cataracts and myopathy described in childhood due to a CRYAB mutation with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Methods The whole exome sequence was subjected to phenotype‐driven analysis and a novel variant in CRYAB was detected: c.514delG, p.(Ala172ProfsTer14). The mutation was located in the C‐terminal domain of the protein, which is essential for chaperone activity. The deduced protein was analyzed searching for alterations of the relevant physico‐chemical properties described for this domain. A muscle biopsy was also tested for CRYAB with immunohistochemical and histoenzymatic techniques. Results CRYAB displayed a mild immunoreactivity in the subsarcolemmal compartment with no pathological sarcoplasmic accumulation. It agrees with an alteration of the physico‐chemical properties predicted for the C‐terminal domain: hydrophobicity, stiffness, and isomerization. Conclusions The described mutation leads to elongation of the protein at the carboxi‐terminal domain (CTD) with altered properties, which are essential for solubility and activity. It suggests that can be the cause of the severe conditions observed in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Marcos
- Unidad de Genética, INEBIR (Instituto para el estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana), Seville, Spain.,Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética Humana, INEBIR/Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.,FUNIBER (Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Amorós
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Galán
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Luis Alcaraz-Mas
- BioArray, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - José M Navarro-Pando
- Unidad de Genética, INEBIR (Instituto para el estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana), Seville, Spain.,Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética Humana, INEBIR/Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.,FUNIBER (Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana), Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Alderson TR, Ying J, Bax A, Benesch JLP, Baldwin AJ. Conditional Disorder in Small Heat-shock Proteins. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:3033-3049. [PMID: 32081587 PMCID: PMC7245567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones that respond to cellular stresses to combat protein aggregation. HSP27 is a critical human sHSP that forms large, dynamic oligomers whose quaternary structures and chaperone activities depend on environmental factors. Upon exposure to cellular stresses, such as heat shock or acidosis, HSP27 oligomers can dissociate into dimers and monomers, which leads to significantly enhanced chaperone activity. The structured core of the protein, the α-crystallin domain (ACD), forms dimers and can prevent the aggregation of substrate proteins to a similar degree as the full-length protein. When the ACD dimer dissociates into monomers, it partially unfolds and exhibits enhanced activity. Here, we used solution-state NMR spectroscopy to characterize the structure and dynamics of the HSP27 ACD monomer. Web show that the monomer is stabilized at low pH and that its backbone chemical shifts, 15N relaxation rates, and 1H-15N residual dipolar couplings suggest structural changes and rapid motions in the region responsible for dimerization. By analyzing the solvent accessible and buried surface areas of sHSP structures in the context of a database of dimers that are known to dissociate into disordered monomers, we predict that ACD dimers from sHSPs across all kingdoms of life may partially unfold upon dissociation. We propose a general model in which conditional disorder-the partial unfolding of ACDs upon monomerization-is a common mechanism for sHSP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reid Alderson
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK; Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jinfa Ying
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ad Bax
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Andrew J Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
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22
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Effect of Arginine on Chaperone-Like Activity of HspB6 and Monomeric 14-3-3ζ. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062039. [PMID: 32188159 PMCID: PMC7139691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of protein chaperones HspB6 and the monomeric form of the protein 14-3-3ζ (14-3-3ζm) on a test system based on thermal aggregation of UV-irradiated glycogen phosphorylase b (UV-Phb) at 37 °C and a constant ionic strength (0.15 M) was studied using dynamic light scattering. A significant increase in the anti-aggregation activity of HspB6 and 14-3-3ζm was demonstrated in the presence of 0.1 M arginine (Arg). To compare the effects of these chaperones on UV-Phb aggregation, the values of initial stoichiometry of the chaperone-target protein complex (S0) were used. The analysis of the S0 values shows that in the presence of Arg fewer chaperone subunits are needed to completely prevent aggregation of the UV-Phb subunit. The changes in the structures of HspB6 and 14-3-3ζm induced by binding of Arg were evaluated by the fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was suggested that Arg caused conformational changes in chaperone molecules, which led to a decrease in the thermal stability of protein chaperones and their destabilization.
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23
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Ghahramani M, Yousefi R, Niazi A, Kurganov B. The congenital cataract-causing mutations P20R and A171T are associated with important changes in the amyloidogenic feature, structure and chaperone-like activity of human αB-crystallin. Biopolymers 2020; 111:e23350. [PMID: 32110827 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is the major reason for human blindness worldwide. α-Crystallin, as a key chaperone of eye lenses, keeps the lenticular tissues in its transparent state over time. In this study, cataract-causing familial mutations, P20R and A171T, were introduced in CRYАB gene. After successful expression in Escherichia coli and subsequent purification, the recombinant proteins were subjected to extensive structural and functional analyses using various spectroscopic techniques, gel electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. The results of fluorescence and Raman assessments suggest important but discreet conformational changes in human αB-Cry upon these cataractogenic mutations. Furthermore, the mutant proteins exhibited significant secondary structural alteration as revealed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. An increase in conformational stability was seen in the human αB-Cry bearing these congenital cataractogenic mutations. The oligomeric size distribution and chaperone-like activity of human αB-Cry were significantly altered by these mutations. The P20R mutant protein was observed to loose most of the chaperone-like activity. Finally, these cataractogenic mutant proteins exhibited an increased propensity to form the amyloid fibrils when incubated under environmental stress. Overall, the structural and functional changes in mutated human αB-Cry proteins can shed light on the pathogenic development of congenital cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghahramani
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Boris Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Muranova LK, Ryzhavskaya AS, Sudnitsyna MV, Shatov VM, Gusev NB. Small Heat Shock Proteins and Human Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1256-1267. [PMID: 31760916 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791911004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses the role of small heat shock proteins (sHsps) in human neurodegenerative disorders, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and different forms of tauopathies. The effects of CMT-associated mutations in two small heat shock proteins (HspB1 and HspB8) on the protein stability, oligomeric structure, and chaperone-like activity are described. Mutations in HspB1 shift the equilibrium between different protein oligomeric forms, leading to the alterations in its chaperone-like activity and interaction with protein partners, which can induce damage of the cytoskeleton and neuronal death. Mutations in HspB8 affect its interaction with the adapter protein Bag3, as well as the process of autophagy, also resulting in neuronal death. The impact of sHsps on different forms of amyloidosis is discussed. Experimental studies have shown that sHsps interact with monomers or small oligomers of amyloidogenic proteins, stabilize their structure, prevent their aggregation, and/or promote their specific proteolytic degradation. This effect might be due to the interaction between the β-strands of sHsps and β-strands of target proteins, which prevents aggregation of the latter. In cooperation with the other heat shock proteins, sHsps can promote disassembly of oligomers formed by amyloidogenic proteins. Despite significant achievements, further investigations are required for understanding the role of sHsps in protection against various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Muranova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A S Ryzhavskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M V Sudnitsyna
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V M Shatov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - N B Gusev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Puspitasari A, Handayani N. Broccoli sprouts juice prevents lens protein aggregation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1380-1385. [PMID: 31544030 PMCID: PMC6739569 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.09.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of broccoli sprouts juice in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model. METHODS Totally 25 male Wistar rats were divided into negative control group, diabetic group without juice treatment as positive control and diabetic group given broccoli sprouts juice 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/d for 28d. Diabetic rat model was obtained by administering a single dose streptozotocin 65 mg/kg intraperitoneal. At the end of the study, all rats were examined for fasting blood sugar level (FBS), visual cataract score using slit lamp biomicroscope and lens αB-crystallin expression using Western blot method. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with post hoc test, correlation test, and simple linear regression. RESULTS Positive control group had the highest cataract score and lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression. Broccoli sprout juice dose of 1 g/d group had the mildest cataract score, as well as the expression of lens aggregated αB-crystallin compared to treatments groups 1 and 2, opposite to lens native αB-crystallin expression. The broccoli sprout juice groups gave a significant decrease in cataract score, and also in lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression in diabetic rat models (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Broccoli sprout juice has a significant effect in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model. The higher dose gives better visual cataract scores, lower lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression and higher lens native αB-crystallin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Puspitasari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Nina Handayani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65145, Indonesia
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Wright MA, Ruggeri FS, Saar KL, Challa PK, Benesch JLP, Knowles TPJ. Analysis of αB-crystallin polydispersity in solution through native microfluidic electrophoresis. Analyst 2019; 144:4413-4424. [PMID: 31215547 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00382g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the understanding of the population distributions and dynamic oligomeric states of the molecular chaperone αB-crystallin and its core domain variants. In this work, we provide solution-phase evidence of the polydispersity of αB-crystallin using microfluidic methods, used for separating the oligomeric species present in solution according to their different electrophoretic mobilities on-chip in a matter of seconds. We in particular demonstrate that microfluidic high-field electrophoresis and diffusion can detect the oligomerisation of these highly dynamic molecular chaperones and characterise the dominant oligomeric species present. We thereby provide a robust microfluidic method for characterising the individual species within complex protein mixtures of biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK. and Fluidic Analytics Ltd., Unit 5 Chesterton Mill, French's Road CB4 3NP, UK
| | | | - Kadi L Saar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Pavan K Challa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK. and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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27
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Zhang J, Liu J, Wu J, Li W, Chen Z, Yang L. Progression of the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4129-4139. [PMID: 31239701 PMCID: PMC6553995 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CRYAB is a member of the small heat shock protein family, first discovered in the lens of the eye, and involved in various diseases, such as eye and heart diseases and even cancers, for example, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. In addition, CRYAB proteins are involved in a variety of signaling pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the recent progress concerning the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and diseases. Therefore, the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and cancers is urgently needed. This article reviews the regulation of CRYAB in the apoptotic inflammatory signaling pathway and its role in cancers progression and as a key role in anti-cancer therapy targeting CRYAB in an effort to improve outcomes for patients with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunFei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - JiaLi Wu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - WenFeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhongWei Chen
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - LiShan Yang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
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28
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Collier MP, Alderson TR, de Villiers CP, Nicholls D, Gastall HY, Allison TM, Degiacomi MT, Jiang H, Mlynek G, Fürst DO, van der Ven PFM, Djinovic-Carugo K, Baldwin AJ, Watkins H, Gehmlich K, Benesch JLP. HspB1 phosphorylation regulates its intramolecular dynamics and mechanosensitive molecular chaperone interaction with filamin C. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav8421. [PMID: 31131323 PMCID: PMC6530996 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav8421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical force-induced conformational changes in proteins underpin a variety of physiological functions, typified in muscle contractile machinery. Mutations in the actin-binding protein filamin C (FLNC) are linked to musculoskeletal pathologies characterized by altered biomechanical properties and sometimes aggregates. HspB1, an abundant molecular chaperone, is prevalent in striated muscle where it is phosphorylated in response to cues including mechanical stress. We report the interaction and up-regulation of both proteins in three mouse models of biomechanical stress, with HspB1 being phosphorylated and FLNC being localized to load-bearing sites. We show how phosphorylation leads to increased exposure of the residues surrounding the HspB1 phosphosite, facilitating their binding to a compact multidomain region of FLNC proposed to have mechanosensing functions. Steered unfolding of FLNC reveals that its extension trajectory is modulated by the phosphorylated region of HspB1. This may represent a posttranslationally regulated chaperone-client protection mechanism targeting over-extension during mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda P. Collier
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - T. Reid Alderson
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Carin P. de Villiers
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Daisy Nicholls
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Heidi Y. Gastall
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Timothy M. Allison
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Matteo T. Degiacomi
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - He Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Georg Mlynek
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter O. Fürst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, D53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter F. M. van der Ven
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, D53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina Djinovic-Carugo
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrew J. Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Corresponding author. (J.L.P.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Justin L. P. Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
- Corresponding author. (J.L.P.B.); (K.G.)
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Local unfolding of the HSP27 monomer regulates chaperone activity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1068. [PMID: 30842409 PMCID: PMC6403371 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The small heat-shock protein HSP27 is a redox-sensitive molecular chaperone that is expressed throughout the human body. Here, we describe redox-induced changes to the structure, dynamics, and function of HSP27 and its conserved α-crystallin domain (ACD). While HSP27 assembles into oligomers, we show that the monomers formed upon reduction are highly active chaperones in vitro, but are susceptible to self-aggregation. By using relaxation dispersion and high-pressure nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we observe that the pair of β-strands that mediate dimerisation partially unfold in the monomer. We note that numerous HSP27 mutations associated with inherited neuropathies cluster to this dynamic region. High levels of sequence conservation in ACDs from mammalian sHSPs suggest that the exposed, disordered interface present in free monomers or oligomeric subunits may be a general, functional feature of sHSPs. The small heat-shock protein HSP27 occurs predominantly in oligomeric forms, which makes its structural characterisation challenging. Here the authors employ CPMG and high-pressure NMR with native mass spectrometry and biophysical assays to show that the active monomeric form of HSP27 is substantially disordered and highly chaperone-active.
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30
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Lyon YA, Collier MP, Riggs DL, Degiacomi MT, Benesch JLP, Julian RR. Structural and functional consequences of age-related isomerization in α-crystallins. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7546-7555. [PMID: 30804217 PMCID: PMC6514633 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-lived proteins are subject to spontaneous degradation and may accumulate a range of modifications over time, including subtle alterations such as side-chain isomerization. Recently, tandem MS has enabled identification and characterization of such peptide isomers, including those differing only in chirality. However, the structural and functional consequences of these perturbations remain largely unexplored. Here, we examined the impact of isomerization of aspartic acid or epimerization of serine at four sites mapping to crucial oligomeric interfaces in human αA- and αB-crystallin, the most abundant chaperone proteins in the eye lens. To characterize the effect of isomerization on quaternary assembly, we utilized synthetic peptide mimics, enzyme assays, molecular dynamics calculations, and native MS experiments. The oligomerization of recombinant forms of αA- and αB-crystallin that mimic isomerized residues deviated from native behavior in all cases. Isomerization also perturbs recognition of peptide substrates, either enhancing or inhibiting kinase activity. Specifically, epimerization of serine (αASer-162) dramatically weakened inter-subunit binding. Furthermore, phosphorylation of αBSer-59, known to play an important regulatory role in oligomerization, was severely inhibited by serine epimerization and altered by isomerization of nearby αBAsp-62. Similarly, isomerization of αBAsp-109 disrupted a vital salt bridge with αBArg-120, a contact that when broken has previously been shown to yield aberrant oligomerization and aggregation in several disease-associated variants. Our results illustrate how isomerization of amino acid residues, which may seem to be only a minor structural perturbation, can disrupt native structural interactions with profound consequences for protein assembly and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana A Lyon
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Miranda P Collier
- the Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Dylan L Riggs
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Matteo T Degiacomi
- the Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- the Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Ryan R Julian
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521,
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31
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Wang R, Chen ZH, Wang Y, Huang HB, Fan SJ, Chen LL. Recombination and identification of human alpha B-crystallin. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1916-1921. [PMID: 30588422 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To recombine the human alpha B-crystallin (αB-crystallin) using gene cloning technology and prokaryotic expression vector and confirm the biological activity of recombinant human αB-crystallin. METHODS Cloning the human αB-crystallin cDNA according to the nucleotide sequence of the human αB-crystallin, constructing the pET-28/CRYAB prokaryotic expression plasmid by restriction enzyme digestion method, and stably expressing transformed into the Escherichia coli (E. coli) DH5 alpha. The recombinant human αB-crystallin was purified by Q sepharose. By enzyme digestion analysis, Western blotting and sequencing, the recombinant human αB-crystallin was identified and the activity of its molecular protein was detected. RESULTS Compared with the gene bank (GeneBank), the cloned human sequence of human αB-crystallin cDNA has the same open reading frame. Identification and sequencing of the cloned human αB-crystallin cDNA in prokaryotic expression vector confirmed the full length sequence, and the vector was constructed successfully. The E. coli containing plasmid pET-28/CRYAB induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside successfully expressed the human αB-crystallin. Insulin confirmed that the recombinant human αB-crystallin has a molecular chaperone activity. CONCLUSION The prokaryotic expression vector pET-28/CRYAB of recombinant human αB-crystallin is successfully constructed, and the recombinant human αB-crystallin with molecular chaperone activity is obtained, which lay a foundation for the research and application of the recombinant human αB-crystallin and its chaperone activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ze-Hua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chongqing Aier General Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Hou-Bin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Si-Jun Fan
- PLA Rocket Force General Hospital, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Lan-Lan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
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Haslbeck M, Weinkauf S, Buchner J. Small heat shock proteins: Simplicity meets complexity. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2121-2132. [PMID: 30385502 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are a ubiquitous and ancient family of ATP-independent molecular chaperones. A key characteristic of sHsps is that they exist in ensembles of iso-energetic oligomeric species differing in size. This property arises from a unique mode of assembly involving several parts of the subunits in a flexible manner. Current evidence suggests that smaller oligomers are more active chaperones. Thus, a shift in the equilibrium of the sHsp ensemble allows regulating the chaperone activity. Different mechanisms have been identified that reversibly change the oligomer equilibrium. The promiscuous interaction with non-native proteins generates complexes that can form aggregate-like structures from which native proteins are restored by ATP-dependent chaperones such as Hsp70 family members. In recent years, this basic paradigm has been expanded, and new roles and new cofactors, as well as variations in structure and regulation of sHsps, have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Haslbeck
- From the Department of Chemie and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85 748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sevil Weinkauf
- From the Department of Chemie and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85 748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- From the Department of Chemie and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85 748 Garching, Germany
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Jovcevski B, Andrew Aquilina J, Benesch JLP, Ecroyd H. The influence of the N-terminal region proximal to the core domain on the assembly and chaperone activity of αB-crystallin. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:827-836. [PMID: 29520626 PMCID: PMC6111084 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
αB-Crystallin (HSPB5) is a small heat-shock protein that is composed of dimers that then assemble into a polydisperse ensemble of oligomers. Oligomerisation is mediated by heterologous interactions between the C-terminal tail of one dimer and the core "α-crystallin" domain of another and stabilised by interactions made by the N-terminal region. Comparatively little is known about the latter contribution, but previous studies have suggested that residues in the region 54-60 form contacts that stabilise the assembly. We have generated mutations in this region (P58A, S59A, S59K, R56S/S59R and an inversion of residues 54-60) to examine their impact on oligomerisation and chaperone activity in vitro. By using native mass spectrometry, we found that all the αB-crystallin mutants were assembly competent, populating similar oligomeric distributions to wild-type, ranging from 16-mers to 30-mers. However, circular dichroism spectroscopy, intrinsic tryptophan and bis-ANS fluorescence studies demonstrated that the secondary structure differs to wild type, the 54-60 inversion mutation having the greatest impact. All the mutants exhibited a dramatic decrease in exposed hydrophobicity. We also found that the mutants in general were equally active as the wild-type protein in inhibiting the amorphous aggregation of insulin and seeded amyloid fibrillation of α-synuclein in vitro, except for the 54-60 inversion mutant, which was significantly less effective at inhibiting insulin aggregation. Our data indicate that alterations in the part of the N-terminal region proximal to the core domain do not drastically affect the oligomerisation of αB-crystallin, reinforcing the robustness of αB-crystallin in functioning as a molecular chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blagojce Jovcevski
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - J Andrew Aquilina
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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Pinheiro GMS, Ramos CHI. Initial characterization of newly identified mitochondrial and chloroplast small HSPs from sugarcane shows that these chaperones have different oligomerization states and substrate specificities. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:285-294. [PMID: 29909242 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chaperones belonging to the small heat shock protein (sHSP) family are ubiquitous and exhibit elevated expression under stresses conditions to protect proteins against aggregation, thereby contributing to the stress tolerance of the organism. Tropical plants are constantly exposed to high temperatures, and the mechanisms by which these plants tolerate heat stress are of foremost importance to basic science as well as applied agrobiotechnology. Therefore, this study aims to characterize sHSPs from different organelles from sugarcane, an important crop that is associated with sugar and bioenergy production. An expression sequence tag database of sugarcane was searched, and sHsp genes of mitochondrial and chloroplast organelles were selected and cloned. The proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and isolated and purified by two chromatographic steps with high purity as single species. Circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both proteins were purified in their folded states with a predominant β-sheet secondary structure. Determination of the molecular weight, diffusion coefficient and Stokes radius parameters showed that both chaperones form large spherical-like oligomers in solution. The two sHSPs had different oligomeric states and substrate specificities. The mitochondrial sHSP was a 20-mer with ability to protect model substrates that differ from that of the 16-meric sHSP from chloroplasts. These results indicate that both sHSPs are key agents to protect against stress confirming the importance of the great diversity of sHSP chaperones in plants for homeostasis maintenance. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first report about small HSPs from sugarcane organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos H I Ramos
- Chemistry Institute, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, 13083-970, SP, Brazil.
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The Role of the Arginine in the Conserved N-Terminal Domain RLFDQxFG Motif of Human Small Heat Shock Proteins HspB1, HspB4, HspB5, HspB6, and HspB8. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072112. [PMID: 30036999 PMCID: PMC6073470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the N-terminal domain of vertebrate small heat shock proteins (sHsp) is poorly conserved, it contains a core motif preserved in many members of the sHsp family. The role of this RLFDQxFG motif remains elusive. We analyzed the specific role of the first arginine residue of this conserved octet sequence in five human sHsps (HspB1, HspB4, HspB5, HspB6, and HspB8). Substitution of this arginine with an alanine induced changes in thermal stability and/or intrinsic fluorescence of the related HspB1 and HspB8, but yielded only modest changes in the same biophysical properties of HspB4, HspB5, and HspB6 which together belong to another clade of vertebrate sHsps. Removal of the positively charged Arg side chain resulted in destabilization of the large oligomers of HspB1 and formation of smaller size oligomers of HspB5. The mutation induced only minor changes in the structure of HspB4 and HspB6. In contrast, the mutation in HspB8 was accompanied by shifting the equilibrium from dimers towards the formation of larger oligomers. We conclude that the RLFDQxFG motif plays distinct roles in the structure of several sHsp orthologs. This role correlates with the evolutionary relationship of the respective sHsps, but ultimately, it reflects the sequence context of this motif.
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Terminal Regions Confer Plasticity to the Tetrameric Assembly of Human HspB2 and HspB3. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3297-3310. [PMID: 29969581 PMCID: PMC6119766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in small heat shock proteins (sHsps) spans multiple spatiotemporal regimes-from fast fluctuations of part of the protein, to conformational variability of tertiary structure, plasticity of the interfaces, and polydispersity of the inter-converting, and co-assembling oligomers. This heterogeneity and dynamic nature of sHsps has significantly hindered their structural characterization. Atomic coordinates are particularly lacking for vertebrate sHsps, where most available structures are of extensively truncated homomers. sHsps play important roles in maintaining protein levels in the cell and therefore in organismal health and disease. HspB2 and HspB3 are vertebrate sHsps that are found co-assembled in neuromuscular cells, and variants thereof are associated with disease. Here, we present the structure of human HspB2/B3, which crystallized as a hetero-tetramer in a 3:1 ratio. In the HspB2/B3 tetramer, the four α-crystallin domains (ACDs) assemble into a flattened tetrahedron which is pierced by two non-intersecting approximate dyads. Assembly is mediated by flexible "nuts and bolts" involving IXI/V motifs from terminal regions filling ACD pockets. Parts of the N-terminal region bind in an unfolded conformation into the anti-parallel shared ACD dimer grooves. Tracts of the terminal regions are not resolved, most likely due to their disorder in the crystal lattice. This first structure of a full-length human sHsp heteromer reveals the heterogeneous interactions of the terminal regions and suggests a plasticity that is important for the cytoprotective functions of sHsps.
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37
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Gerasimovich ES, Strelkov SV, Gusev NB. Some properties of three αB-crystallin mutants carrying point substitutions in the C-terminal domain and associated with congenital diseases. Biochimie 2017; 142:168-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Garvey M, Ecroyd H, Ray NJ, Gerrard JA, Carver JA. Functional Amyloid Protection in the Eye Lens: Retention of α-Crystallin Molecular Chaperone Activity after Modification into Amyloid Fibrils. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7030067. [PMID: 28895938 PMCID: PMC5618248 DOI: 10.3390/biom7030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibril formation occurs from a wide range of peptides and proteins and is typically associated with a loss of protein function and/or a gain of toxic function, as the native structure of the protein undergoes major alteration to form a cross β-sheet array. It is now well recognised that some amyloid fibrils have a biological function, which has led to increased interest in the potential that these so-called functional amyloids may either retain the function of the native protein, or gain function upon adopting a fibrillar structure. Herein, we investigate the molecular chaperone ability of α-crystallin, the predominant eye lens protein which is composed of two related subunits αA- and αB-crystallin, and its capacity to retain and even enhance its chaperone activity after forming aggregate structures under conditions of thermal and chemical stress. We demonstrate that both eye lens α-crystallin and αB-crystallin (which is also found extensively outside the lens) retain, to a significant degree, their molecular chaperone activity under conditions of structural change, including after formation into amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates. The results can be related directly to the effects of aging on the structure and chaperone function of α-crystallin in the eye lens, particularly its ability to prevent crystallin protein aggregation and hence lens opacification associated with cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Garvey
- CSL Limited, 45 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- School of Biological Sciences and the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Nicholas J Ray
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Juliet A Gerrard
- School of Biological Science and School of Chemical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton ACT 2601, Australia.
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Ray NJ, Hall D, Carver JA. A structural and functional study of Gln147 deamidation in αA-crystallin, a site of modification in human cataract. Exp Eye Res 2017; 161:163-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Carver JA, Grosas AB, Ecroyd H, Quinlan RA. The functional roles of the unstructured N- and C-terminal regions in αB-crystallin and other mammalian small heat-shock proteins. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:627-638. [PMID: 28391594 PMCID: PMC5465038 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat-shock proteins (sHsps), such as αB-crystallin, are one of the major classes of molecular chaperone proteins. In vivo, under conditions of cellular stress, sHsps are the principal defence proteins that prevent large-scale protein aggregation. Progress in determining the structure of sHsps has been significant recently, particularly in relation to the conserved, central and β-sheet structured α-crystallin domain (ACD). However, an understanding of the structure and functional roles of the N- and C-terminal flanking regions has proved elusive mainly because of their unstructured and dynamic nature. In this paper, we propose functional roles for both flanking regions, based around three properties: (i) they act in a localised crowding manner to regulate interactions with target proteins during chaperone action, (ii) they protect the ACD from deleterious amyloid fibril formation and (iii) the flexibility of these regions, particularly at the extreme C-terminus in mammalian sHsps, provides solubility for sHsps under chaperone and non-chaperone conditions. In the eye lens, these properties are highly relevant as the crystallin proteins, in particular the two sHsps αA- and αB-crystallin, are present at very high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Aidan B Grosas
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- School of Biological Sciences and the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Roy A Quinlan
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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41
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Alderson TR, Benesch JLP, Baldwin AJ. Proline isomerization in the C-terminal region of HSP27. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:639-651. [PMID: 28547731 PMCID: PMC5465039 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) typically assemble into interconverting, polydisperse oligomers. The dynamic exchange of sHSP oligomers is regulated, at least in part, by molecular interactions between the α-crystallin domain and the C-terminal region (CTR). Here we report solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy investigations of the conformation and dynamics of the disordered and flexible CTR of human HSP27, a systemically expressed sHSP. We observed multiple NMR signals for residues in the vicinity of proline 194, and we determined that, while all observed forms are highly disordered, the extra resonances arise from cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerization about the G193-P194 peptide bond. The cis-P194 state is populated to near 15% at physiological temperatures, and, although both cis- and trans-P194 forms of the CTR are flexible and dynamic, both states show a residual but differing tendency to adopt β-strand conformations. In NMR spectra of an isolated CTR peptide, we observed similar evidence for isomerization involving proline 182, found within the IPI/V motif. Collectively, these data indicate a potential role for cis-trans proline isomerization in regulating the oligomerization of sHSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reid Alderson
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Andrew J Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
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42
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Nefedova VV, Muranova LK, Sudnitsyna MV, Ryzhavskaya AS, Gusev NB. Small Heat Shock Proteins and Distal Hereditary Neuropathies. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:1734-47. [PMID: 26878578 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791513009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Classification of small heat shock proteins (sHsp) is presented and processes regulated by sHsp are described. Symptoms of hereditary distal neuropathy are described and the genes whose mutations are associated with development of this congenital disease are listed. The literature data and our own results concerning physicochemical properties of HspB1 mutants associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are analyzed. Mutations of HspB1, associated with hereditary motor neuron disease, can be accompanied by change of the size of HspB1 oligomers, by decreased stability under unfavorable conditions, by changes in the interaction with protein partners, and as a rule by decrease of chaperone-like activity. The largest part of these mutations is accompanied by change of oligomer stability (that can be either increased or decreased) or by change of intermonomer interaction inside an oligomer. Data on point mutation of HspB3 associated with axonal neuropathy are presented. Data concerning point mutations of Lys141 of HspB8 and those associated with hereditary neuropathy and different forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are analyzed. It is supposed that point mutations of sHsp associated with distal neuropathies lead either to loss of function (for instance, decrease of chaperone-like activity) or to gain of harmful functions (for instance, increase of interaction with certain protein partners).
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Nefedova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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43
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Liko I, Allison TM, Hopper JT, Robinson CV. Mass spectrometry guided structural biology. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2016; 40:136-144. [PMID: 27721169 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
With the convergence of breakthroughs in structural biology, specifically breaking the resolution barriers in cryo-electron microscopy and with continuing developments in crystallography, novel interfaces with other biophysical methods are emerging. Here we consider how mass spectrometry can inform these techniques by providing unambiguous definition of subunit stoichiometry. Moreover recent developments that increase mass spectral resolution enable molecular details to be ascribed to unassigned density within high-resolution maps of membrane and soluble protein complexes. Importantly we also show how developments in mass spectrometry can define optimal solution conditions to guide downstream structure determination, particularly of challenging biomolecules that refuse to crystallise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idlir Liko
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M Allison
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Ts Hopper
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.
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44
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Heirbaut M, Lermyte F, Martin EM, Beelen S, Verschueren T, Sobott F, Strelkov SV, Weeks SD. The preferential heterodimerization of human small heat shock proteins HSPB1 and HSPB6 is dictated by the N-terminal domain. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 610:41-50. [PMID: 27717639 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins are ATP-independent molecular chaperones. Their function is to bind partially unfolded proteins under stress conditions. In vivo, members of this chaperone family are known to preferentially assemble together forming large, polydisperse heterooligomers. The exact molecular mechanisms that drive specific heteroassociation are currently unknown. Here we study the oligomers formed between human HSPB1 and HSPB6. Using small-angle X-ray scattering we could characterize two distinct heterooligomeric species present in solution. By employing native mass spectrometry we show that such assemblies are formed purely from heterodimeric building blocks, in line with earlier cross-linking studies. Crucially, a detailed analysis of truncation variants reveals that the preferential association between these two sHSPs is solely mediated by their disordered N-terminal domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Heirbaut
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esther M Martin
- Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Beelen
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Verschueren
- Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frank Sobott
- Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Stephen D Weeks
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
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45
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Mitzelfelt KA, Limphong P, Choi MJ, Kondrat FDL, Lai S, Kolander KD, Kwok WM, Dai Q, Grzybowski MN, Zhang H, Taylor GM, Lui Q, Thao MT, Hudson JA, Barresi R, Bushby K, Jungbluth H, Wraige E, Geurts AM, Benesch JLP, Riedel M, Christians ES, Minella AC, Benjamin IJ. The Human 343delT HSPB5 Chaperone Associated with Early-onset Skeletal Myopathy Causes Defects in Protein Solubility. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:14939-53. [PMID: 27226619 PMCID: PMC4946913 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of HSPB5 (also known as CRYAB or αB-crystallin), a bona fide heat shock protein and molecular chaperone encoded by the HSPB5 (crystallin, alpha B) gene, are linked to multisystem disorders featuring variable combinations of cataracts, cardiomyopathy, and skeletal myopathy. This study aimed to investigate the pathological mechanisms involved in an early-onset myofibrillar myopathy manifesting in a child harboring a homozygous recessive mutation in HSPB5, 343delT. To study HSPB5 343delT protein dynamics, we utilize model cell culture systems including induced pluripotent stem cells derived from the 343delT patient (343delT/343delT) along with isogenic, heterozygous, gene-corrected control cells (WT KI/343delT) and BHK21 cells, a cell line lacking endogenous HSPB5 expression. 343delT/343delT and WT KI/343delT-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived skeletal myotubes and cardiomyocytes did not express detectable levels of 343delT protein, contributable to the extreme insolubility of the mutant protein. Overexpression of HSPB5 343delT resulted in insoluble mutant protein aggregates and induction of a cellular stress response. Co-expression of 343delT with WT prevented visible aggregation of 343delT and improved its solubility. Additionally, in vitro refolding of 343delT in the presence of WT rescued its solubility. We demonstrate an interaction between WT and 343delT both in vitro and within cells. These data support a loss-of-function model for the myopathy observed in the patient because the insoluble mutant would be unavailable to perform normal functions of HSPB5, although additional gain-of-function effects of the mutant protein cannot be excluded. Additionally, our data highlight the solubilization of 343delT by WT, concordant with the recessive inheritance of the disease and absence of symptoms in carrier individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Mitzelfelt
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | | | | | - Frances D L Kondrat
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | | | | | - Huali Zhang
- the Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Graydon M Taylor
- the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Qiang Lui
- the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | | | - Judith A Hudson
- the Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Barresi
- the National Health Service England Health Science Services for Rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Muscle Immunoanalysis Unit, Dental Hospital, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Bushby
- Neuromuscular Genetics, Newcastle University John Walton Centre for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom, the Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom, the Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London SE5 9RX, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Wraige
- the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Justin L P Benesch
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisabeth S Christians
- the Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Dévelopment de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), UMR 7009, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche sur mer, France, and
| | - Alex C Minella
- the Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Ivor J Benjamin
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, the Cardiovascular Center,
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46
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Wei G, Xi W, Nussinov R, Ma B. Protein Ensembles: How Does Nature Harness Thermodynamic Fluctuations for Life? The Diverse Functional Roles of Conformational Ensembles in the Cell. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6516-51. [PMID: 26807783 PMCID: PMC6407618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
All soluble proteins populate conformational ensembles that together constitute the native state. Their fluctuations in water are intrinsic thermodynamic phenomena, and the distributions of the states on the energy landscape are determined by statistical thermodynamics; however, they are optimized to perform their biological functions. In this review we briefly describe advances in free energy landscape studies of protein conformational ensembles. Experimental (nuclear magnetic resonance, small-angle X-ray scattering, single-molecule spectroscopy, and cryo-electron microscopy) and computational (replica-exchange molecular dynamics, metadynamics, and Markov state models) approaches have made great progress in recent years. These address the challenging characterization of the highly flexible and heterogeneous protein ensembles. We focus on structural aspects of protein conformational distributions, from collective motions of single- and multi-domain proteins, intrinsically disordered proteins, to multiprotein complexes. Importantly, we highlight recent studies that illustrate functional adjustment of protein conformational ensembles in the crowded cellular environment. We center on the role of the ensemble in recognition of small- and macro-molecules (protein and RNA/DNA) and emphasize emerging concepts of protein dynamics in enzyme catalysis. Overall, protein ensembles link fundamental physicochemical principles and protein behavior and the cellular network and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
- Sackler Inst. of Molecular Medicine Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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47
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Ben-Nissan G, Chotiner A, Tarnavsky M, Sharon M. Structural Characterization of Missense Mutations Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry: A Case Study of the Parkinson's-Related Protein, DJ-1. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1062-1070. [PMID: 27048419 PMCID: PMC5152731 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations that lead to the expression of mutant proteins carrying single amino acid substitutions are the cause of numerous diseases. Unlike gene lesions, insertions, deletions, nonsense mutations, or modified RNA splicing, which affect the length of a polypeptide, or determine whether a polypeptide is translated at all, missense mutations exert more subtle effects on protein structure, which are often difficult to evaluate. Here, we took advantage of the spectral resolution afforded by the EMR Orbitrap platform, to generate a mass spectrometry-based approach relying on simultaneous measurements of the wild-type protein and the missense variants. This approach not only considerably shortens the analysis time due to the concurrent acquisition but, more importantly, enables direct comparisons between the wild-type protein and the variants, allowing identification of even subtle structural changes. We demonstrate our approach using the Parkinson's-associated protein, DJ-1. Together with the wild-type protein, we examined two missense mutants, DJ-1A104T and DJ-1D149A, which lead to early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. Gas-phase, thermal, and chemical stability assays indicate clear alterations in the conformational stability of the two mutants: the structural stability of DJ-1D149A is reduced, whereas that of DJ-1A104T is enhanced. Overall, we anticipate that the methodology presented here will be applicable to numerous other missense mutants, promoting the structural investigations of multiple variants of the same protein. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gili Ben-Nissan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Almog Chotiner
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Mark Tarnavsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
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48
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Barnes S, Quinlan RA. Small molecules, both dietary and endogenous, influence the onset of lens cataracts. Exp Eye Res 2016; 156:87-94. [PMID: 27039707 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
How the lens ages successfully is a lesson in biological adaption and the emergent properties of its complement of cells and proteins. This living tissue contains some of the oldest proteins in our bodies and yet they remain functional for decades, despite exposure to UV light, to reactive oxygen species and all the other hazards to protein function. This remarkable feat is achieved by a shrewd investment in very stable proteins as lens crystallins, by providing a reservoir of ATP-independent protein chaperones unequalled by any other tissue and by an oxidation-resistant environment. In addition, glutathione, a free radical scavenger, is present in mM concentrations and the plasma membranes contain oxidation-resistant sphingolipids what compromises lens function as it ages? In this review, we examine the role of small molecules in the prevention or causation of cataracts, including those associated with diet, metabolic pathways and drug therapy (steroids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Roy A Quinlan
- Biophysical Sciences Institute, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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49
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Jacobs WM, Knowles TPJ, Frenkel D. Oligomers of Heat-Shock Proteins: Structures That Don't Imply Function. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1004756. [PMID: 26928170 PMCID: PMC4771702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most proteins must remain soluble in the cytosol in order to perform their biological functions. To protect against undesired protein aggregation, living cells maintain a population of molecular chaperones that ensure the solubility of the proteome. Here we report simulations of a lattice model of interacting proteins to understand how low concentrations of passive molecular chaperones, such as small heat-shock proteins, suppress thermodynamic instabilities in protein solutions. Given fixed concentrations of chaperones and client proteins, the solubility of the proteome can be increased by tuning the chaperone-client binding strength. Surprisingly, we find that the binding strength that optimizes solubility while preventing irreversible chaperone binding also promotes the formation of weakly bound chaperone oligomers, although the presence of these oligomers does not significantly affect the thermodynamic stability of the solution. Such oligomers are commonly observed in experiments on small heat-shock proteins, but their connection to the biological function of these chaperones has remained unclear. Our simulations suggest that this clustering may not have any essential biological function, but rather emerges as a natural side-effect of optimizing the thermodynamic stability of the proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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50
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Abstract
αB-crystallin is a widely expressed member of the small heat shock protein family that protects cells from stress by its dual function as a molecular chaperone to preserve proteostasis and as a cell death antagonist that negatively regulates components of the conserved apoptotic cell death machinery. Deregulated expression of αB-crystallin occurs in a broad array of solid tumors and has been linked to tumor progression and poor clinical outcomes. This review will focus on new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which oncogenes, oxidative stress, matrix detachment and other tumor microenvironmental stressors deregulate αB-crystallin expression. We will also review accumulating evidence pointing to an essential role for αB-crystallin in the multi-step metastatic cascade whereby tumor cells colonize distant organs by circumventing a multitude of barriers to cell migration and survival. Finally, we will evaluate emerging strategies to therapeutically target αB-crystallin and/or interacting proteins to selectively activate apoptosis and/or derail the metastatic cascade in an effort to improve outcomes for patients with metastatic disease.
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