1
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Park WY, Song G, Park JY, Jung SJ, Kim S, Ahn KS, Choe SK, Kwak HJ, Park J, Um JY. Epigallocatechin gallate protects against fat and muscle atrophy in B16BL6 melanoma-bearing mice on a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2024; 348:122677. [PMID: 38702026 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiological evidence indicates that there is a substantial association between body mass index (BMI) and at least ten forms of cancer, including melanoma, and BMI imbalance contributes to the poor survival rate of cancer patients before and after therapy. Nevertheless, few pharmacological studies on models of obesity and cancer have been reported. In this study, we administered epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice that received a high-fat diet (HFD) to examine its impact. METHODS B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice were fed a HFD. Body weight and food intake were documented every week. We conducted a Western blot analysis to examine the protein levels in the tumor, gastrocnemius (GAS), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, as well as the inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues (iWAT and eWAT). KEY FINDINGS EGCG has been shown to have anti-cancer effects equivalent to those of cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug. Furthermore, EGCG protected against the loss of epidydimal white adipose tissue by regulating protein levels of lipolysis factors of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase as well as WAT browning factors of uncoupling protein 1, as opposed to cisplatin. EGCG was shown to reduce the protein levels of muscular atrophy factors of muscle RING-finger protein-1, whereas cisplatin did not contribute to rescuing the atrophy of TA and GAS muscles. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings indicate that EGCG has a preventive effect against cachexia symptoms and has anti-cancer effects similar to those of cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeon Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kwak
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Yang X, Hao J, Luo J, Lu X, Kong X. Adipose tissue‑derived extracellular vesicles: Systemic messengers in health and disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:189. [PMID: 37615193 PMCID: PMC10502927 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a complicated metabolic organ consisting of a heterogeneous population of cells that exert wide‑ranging effects on the regulation of systemic metabolism and in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Various obesity‑related complications are associated with the development of dysfunctional AT. As an essential transmitter of intercellular information, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently been recognized as crucial in regulating multiple physiological functions. AT‑derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) have been shown to facilitate cellular communication both inside and between ATs and other peripheral organs. Here, the role of EVs released from ATs in the homeostasis of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders by delivering lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between different cells is summarized. Furthermore, the differences in the sources of ADEVs, such as adipocytes, AT macrophages, AT‑derived stem cells, and AT‑derived mesenchymal stem cells, are also discussed. This review may provide valuable information for the potential application of ADEVs in metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310002, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310002, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Jiayue Hao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xinliang Lu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center and Institute of Immunology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center and Institute of Immunology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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3
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Xu T, Xu X, Liu D, Chang D, Li S, Sun Y, Xie J, Ju S. Visual Investigation of Tumor-Promoting Fibronectin Potentiated by Obesity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using an MR/NIRF Dual-Modality Dendrimer Nanoprobe. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300787. [PMID: 37057680 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease characterized by dense stroma. Obesity is an important metabolic factor that greatly increases PDAC risk and mortality, worsens progression and leads to poor chemotherapeutic outcomes. With omics analysis, magnetic resonance and near-infrared fluorescence (MR/NIRF) dual-modality imaging and molecular functional verification, obesity as an important risk factor is proved to modulate the extracellular matrix (ECM) components and enhance Fibronectin (FN) infiltration in the PDAC stroma, that promotes tumor progression and worsens response to chemotherapy by reducing drug delivery. In the study, to visually evaluate FN in vivo and guide PDAC therapy, an FN-targeted nanoprobe, NP-CREKA, is synthesized by conjugating gadolinium chelates, NIR797 and fluorescein isothiocyanate to a polyamidoamine dendrimer functionalized with targeting peptides. A dual-modality strategy combining MR and NIRF imaging is applied, allowing effective visualization of FN in orthotopic PDAC with high spatial resolution, ideal sensitivity and excellent penetrability, especially in obese mice. In conclusion, the findings provide new insights into the potential of FN as an ideal target for therapeutic evaluation and improving treatment efficacy in PDAC, hopefully improving the specific management of PDAC in lean and obese hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Di Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yeyao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinbing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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4
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Sepúlveda F, Mayorga-Lobos C, Guzmán K, Durán-Jara E, Lobos-González L. EV-miRNA-Mediated Intercellular Communication in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13085. [PMID: 37685891 PMCID: PMC10487525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer research has prioritized the study of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a crucial area of investigation. Understanding the communication between tumor cells and the various cell types within the TME has become a focal point. Bidirectional communication processes between these cells support cellular transformation, as well as the survival, invasion, and metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles are lipid bilayer structures secreted by cells that emerge as important mediators of this cell-to-cell communication. EVs transfer their molecular cargo, including proteins and nucleic acids, and particularly microRNAs, which play critical roles in intercellular communication. Tumor-derived EVs, for example, can promote angiogenesis and enhance endothelial permeability by delivering specific miRNAs. Moreover, adipocytes, a significant component of the breast stroma, exhibit high EV secretory activity, which can then modulate metabolic processes, promoting the growth, proliferation, and migration of tumor cells. Comprehensive studies investigating the involvement of EVs and their miRNA cargo in the TME, as well as their underlying mechanisms driving tumoral capacities, are necessary for a deeper understanding of these complex interactions. Such knowledge holds promise for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Sepúlveda
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (F.S.); (C.M.-L.); (K.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Cristina Mayorga-Lobos
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (F.S.); (C.M.-L.); (K.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Kevin Guzmán
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (F.S.); (C.M.-L.); (K.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Eduardo Durán-Jara
- Subdepartamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago 7780050, Chile;
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (F.S.); (C.M.-L.); (K.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8380492, Chile
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5
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Li W, Xu Y, Zeng X, Tan J, Wang Y, Wu H, Li M, Yi C. Etiological relationship between lipid metabolism and endometrial carcinoma. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:116. [PMID: 37537560 PMCID: PMC10401764 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) has become one of the most common gynecological malignant neoplasms in developed countries worldwide. Studies have shown that this may be closely related to the abnormal metabolism of blood lipids, which was the most significant metabolic change in the human body in this cancer. In this review, we focus on the correlation between lipid metabolism and EC and discuss the evidence that abnormal lipid metabolism promotes an increase in EC growth and metabolism, as well as the regulatory mechanism and related signaling pathways involved in this relationship. In addition, we also discussed the research progress of targeted therapies and drug treatments for EC that act on lipid metabolism, and statins are expected to become adjuvant drugs for EC in the future. This review will provide a systematic view for a better understanding of the etiological relationship between lipid metabolism and EC and further open up new therapeutic possibilities and effective treatments for EC by targeting lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xinling Zeng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
- Department of Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Maokun Li
- Department of Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
- Department of Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
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6
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Vp V, Kannan A, Perumal MK. Role of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles during the progression of liver inflammation to hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1125-1140. [PMID: 36960683 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are membrane-bound cargos that vary in size and are stably transported through various bodily fluids. Extracellular vesicles communicate information between the cells and organs. Extracellular vesicles from the diseased cells alter cellular responses of the recipient cells contributing to disease progression. In obesity, adipocytes become hypertrophic and the extracellular vesicles from these dysfunctional adipocytes showed altered cargo contents instigating pathophysiological response leading to chronic liver diseases. In this review, the role of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles on the progression of liver inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are extensively discussed. Newer approaches are crucial to take advantage of extracellular vesicles and their content as biomarkers to diagnose initial liver inflammation before reaching to an irreversible liver failure stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateish Vp
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anbarasu Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Madan Kumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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7
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Vera MJ, Guajardo F, Urra FA, Tobar N, Martínez J. TNF-Alpha Promotes an Inflammatory Mammary Microenvironment That Favors Macrophage and Epithelial Migration in a CCL2- and Mitochondrial-ROS-Dependent Manner. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040813. [PMID: 37107188 PMCID: PMC10135343 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of an inflammatory microenvironment on tumorigenesis has been widely accepted. Systemic conditions that favor the onset of an inflammatory landscape predispose the progression of breast cancer. Under obesity conditions, the endocrine function of adipose tissue is one of the main determinants of the production of local and systemic inflammatory mediators. Although these mediators can stimulate tumorigenesis and recruit inflammatory cells, as macrophages, the mechanism involved remains poorly understood. In the present work, we describe that the TNFα treatment of mammary preadipocytes from human normal patients blocks adipose differentiation and promotes the generation of pro-inflammatory soluble factors. The latter stimulate the mobilization of THP-1 monocytes and MCF-7 epithelial cancer cells in an MCP1/CCL2- and mitochondrial-ROS-dependent manner. Together, these results reaffirm the contribution of an inflammatory microenvironment and mtROS in the progression of breast cancer.
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8
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Tumor and peritumoral adipose tissue crosstalk: De-differentiated adipocytes influence spread of colon carcinoma cells. Tissue Cell 2023; 80:101990. [PMID: 36542947 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer and often has a fatal course. There are many studies in the literature that have described a close functional relationship between the tumor mass and surrounding tissue, or tumor stroma, which is affected by the continuous metabolic exchange that occurs at the interface between tumor and tissues in contact with it. There is much evidence that the presence of adipose tissue in stroma plays a fundamental role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and promote tumor development, growth, and angiogenesis due to its endocrine characteristics. In this analysis, we have studied the alterations of adipose tissue surrounding colorectal tumors with MRI and optical imaging in vivo techniques to monitor tumor progression and also performed histological and molecular analysis. We detected differences in the principal adipose markers expressed by adipocytes residing around the rectal colon and observed that peritumoral adipose tissue is exposed to a mesenchymal transition process that leads to the acquisition of a less differentiated phenotype of adipocyte that represents the main cellular type present in tumor stroma. The mesenchymal transition correlated with the acquisition of more aggressive tumor phenotype and could represent a valid target for tumor therapy.
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9
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The Tumor Microenvironment in Tumorigenesis and Therapy Resistance Revisited. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020376. [PMID: 36672326 PMCID: PMC9856874 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process involving cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions that allow tumor cell growth, drug resistance and metastasis. This review provides an updated summary of the role played by the tumor microenvironment (TME) components and hypoxia in tumorigenesis, and highlight various ways through which tumor cells reprogram normal cells into phenotypes that are pro-tumorigenic, including cancer associated- fibroblasts, -macrophages and -endothelial cells. Tumor cells secrete numerous factors leading to the transformation of a previously anti-tumorigenic environment into a pro-tumorigenic environment. Once formed, solid tumors continue to interact with various stromal cells, including local and infiltrating fibroblasts, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and secreted factors and the ECM within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is key to tumorigenesis, drug response and treatment outcome. Importantly, stromal cells and secreted factors can initially be anti-tumorigenic, but over time promote tumorigenesis and induce therapy resistance. To counter hypoxia, increased angiogenesis leads to the formation of new vascular networks in order to actively promote and sustain tumor growth via the supply of oxygen and nutrients, whilst removing metabolic waste. Angiogenic vascular network formation aid in tumor cell metastatic dissemination. Successful tumor treatment and novel drug development require the identification and therapeutic targeting of pro-tumorigenic components of the TME including cancer-associated- fibroblasts (CAFs) and -macrophages (CAMs), hypoxia, blocking ECM-receptor interactions, in addition to the targeting of tumor cells. The reprogramming of stromal cells and the immune response to be anti-tumorigenic is key to therapeutic success. Lastly, this review highlights potential TME- and hypoxia-centered therapies under investigation.
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10
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Mandal D, Kushwaha K, Gupta J. Emerging nano-strategies against tumour microenvironment (TME): a review. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Li R, Dong F, Zhang L, Ni X, Lin G. Role of adipocytokines in endometrial cancer progression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090227. [PMID: 36578551 PMCID: PMC9791063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is considered a significant barrier to increasing life expectancy and remains one of the most common malignant cancers among women in many countries worldwide. The increasing mortality rates are potentially proportional to the increasing obesity incidence. Adipose tissue secretes numerous adipocytokines, which may play important roles in endometrial cancer progression. In this scenario, we describe the role of adipocytokines in cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell adhesion, inflammation, angiogenesis, and anti-apoptotic action. A better understanding of the mechanisms of these adipocytokines may open up new therapeutic avenues for women with endometrial cancer. In the future, larger prospective studies focusing on adipocytokines and specific inhibitors should be directed at preventing the rapidly increasing prevalence of gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Xiuqin Ni
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Guozhi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital to Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China,*Correspondence: Guozhi Lin,
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12
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Papakonstantinou E, Piperigkou Z, Karamanos NK, Zolota V. Altered Adipokine Expression in Tumor Microenvironment Promotes Development of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4139. [PMID: 36077676 PMCID: PMC9454958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a remarkably important factor for breast carcinogenesis and aggressiveness. The implication of increased BMI in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) development is also well established. A malignancy-promoting role of the adipose tissue has been supposed, where the adipocytes that constitute the majority of stromal cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Alterations in adipokines and their receptors play significant roles in breast cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug response. Classic adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, have been extensively studied in breast cancer and connected with breast cancer risk and progression. Notably, new molecules are constantly being discovered and the list is continuously growing. Additionally, substantial progress has been made concerning their differential expression in association with clinical and pathological parameters of tumors and the prognostic and predictive value of their dysregulation in breast cancer carcinogenesis. However, evidence regarding the mechanisms by which adipose tissue is involved in the development of TNBC is lacking. In the present article we comment on current data on the suggested involvement of these mediators in breast cancer development and progression, with particular emphasis on TNBC, to draw attention to the design of novel targeted therapies and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece or
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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13
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Liu S, Wu D, Fan Z, Yang J, Li Y, Meng Y, Gao C, Zhan H. FABP4 in obesity-associated carcinogenesis: Novel insights into mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:973955. [PMID: 36060264 PMCID: PMC9438896 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.973955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide is associated with an increased risk of various diseases, including multiple metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant tumors. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the adipokine family of multifunctional proteins that are related to fatty acid metabolism and are divided into 12 types according to their tissue origin. FABP4 is mainly secreted by adipocytes and macrophages. Under obesity, the synthesis of FABP4 increases, and the FABP4 content is higher not only in tissues but also in the blood, which promotes the occurrence and development of various cancers. Here, we comprehensively investigated obesity epidemiology and the biological mechanisms associated with the functions of FABP4 that may explain this effect. In this review, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which FABP4 promotes carcinoma development and the interaction between fat and cancer cells in obese circumstances here. This review leads us to understand how FABP4 signaling is involved in obesity-associated tumors, which could increase the potential for advancing novel therapeutic strategies and molecular targets for the systematic treatment of malignant tumors.
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14
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Metabolic targeting of malignant tumors: a need for systemic approach. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2115-2138. [PMID: 35925428 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysregulated metabolism is now recognized as a fundamental hallmark of carcinogenesis inducing aggressive features and additional hallmarks. In this review, well-established metabolic changes displayed by tumors are highlighted in a comprehensive manner and corresponding therapeutical targets are discussed to set up a framework for integrating basic research findings with clinical translation in oncology setting. METHODS Recent manuscripts of high research impact and relevant to the field from PubMed (2000-2021) have been reviewed for this article. RESULTS Metabolic pathway disruption during tumor evolution is a dynamic process potentiating cell survival, dormancy, proliferation and invasion even under dismal conditions. Apart from cancer cells, though, tumor microenvironment has an acting role as extracellular metabolites, pH alterations and stromal cells reciprocally interact with malignant cells, ultimately dictating tumor-promoting responses, disabling anti-tumor immunity and promoting resistance to treatments. CONCLUSION In the field of cancer metabolism, there are several emerging prognostic and therapeutic targets either in the form of gene expression, enzyme activity or metabolites which could be exploited for clinical purposes; both standard-of-care and novel treatments may be evaluated in the context of metabolism rewiring and indeed, synergistic effects between metabolism-targeting and other therapies would be an attractive perspective for further research.
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15
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Araujo N, Sledziona J, Noothi SK, Burikhanov R, Hebbar N, Ganguly S, Shrestha-Bhattarai T, Zhu B, Katz WS, Zhang Y, Taylor BS, Liu J, Chen L, Weiss HL, He D, Wang C, Morris AJ, Cassis LA, Nikolova-Karakashian M, Nagareddy PR, Melander O, Evers BM, Kern PA, Rangnekar VM. Tumor Suppressor Par-4 Regulates Complement Factor C3 and Obesity. Front Oncol 2022; 12:860446. [PMID: 35425699 PMCID: PMC9004617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.860446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor that induces apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the physiological function of Par-4 remains unknown. Here we show that conventional Par-4 knockout (Par-4-/-) mice and adipocyte-specific Par-4 knockout (AKO) mice, but not hepatocyte-specific Par-4 knockout mice, are obese with standard chow diet. Par-4-/- and AKO mice exhibit increased absorption and storage of fat in adipocytes. Mechanistically, Par-4 loss is associated with mdm2 downregulation and activation of p53. We identified complement factor c3 as a p53-regulated gene linked to fat storage in adipocytes. Par-4 re-expression in adipocytes or c3 deletion reversed the obese mouse phenotype. Moreover, obese human subjects showed lower expression of Par-4 relative to lean subjects, and in longitudinal studies, low baseline Par-4 levels denoted an increased risk of developing obesity later in life. These findings indicate that Par-4 suppresses p53 and its target c3 to regulate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Araujo
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - James Sledziona
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Sunil K Noothi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ravshan Burikhanov
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Nikhil Hebbar
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Saptadwipa Ganguly
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Tripti Shrestha-Bhattarai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Wendy S Katz
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Barry S Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinze Liu
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Li Chen
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Heidi L Weiss
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Daheng He
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Mariana Nikolova-Karakashian
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - B Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Philip A Kern
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Vivek M Rangnekar
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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16
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Assumpção JAF, Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento G, Duarte MSV, Bonamino MH, Magalhães KG. The ambiguous role of obesity in oncology by promoting cancer but boosting antitumor immunotherapy. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:12. [PMID: 35164764 PMCID: PMC8842976 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is nowadays considered a pandemic which prevalence's has been steadily increasingly in western countries. It is a dynamic, complex, and multifactorial disease which propitiates the development of several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. Excessive adipose tissue has been causally related to cancer progression and is a preventable risk factor for overall and cancer-specific survival, associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. The onset of obesity features a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and secretion of a diversity of adipocyte-derived molecules (adipokines, cytokines, hormones), responsible for altering the metabolic, inflammatory, and immune landscape. The crosstalk between adipocytes and tumor cells fuels the tumor microenvironment with pro-inflammatory factors, promoting tissue injury, mutagenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Although classically established as a risk factor for cancer and treatment toxicity, recent evidence suggests mild obesity is related to better outcomes, with obese cancer patients showing better responses to treatment when compared to lean cancer patients. This phenomenon is termed obesity paradox and has been reported in different types and stages of cancer. The mechanisms underlying this paradoxical relationship between obesity and cancer are still not fully described but point to systemic alterations in metabolic fitness and modulation of the tumor microenvironment by obesity-associated molecules. Obesity impacts the response to cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and has been reported as having a positive association with immune checkpoint therapy. In this review, we discuss obesity's association to inflammation and cancer, also highlighting potential physiological and biological mechanisms underlying this association, hoping to clarify the existence and impact of obesity paradox in cancer development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Saldanha Viegas Duarte
- Immunology and Tumor Biology Program - Research Coordination, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martín Hernan Bonamino
- Immunology and Tumor Biology Program - Research Coordination, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Vice - Presidency of Research and Biological Collections (VPPCB), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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17
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Parikh R, Tariq SM, Marinac CR, Shah UA. A comprehensive review of the impact of obesity on plasma cell disorders. Leukemia 2022; 36:301-314. [PMID: 34654885 PMCID: PMC8810701 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable plasma cell malignancy. Although little is known about the etiology of MM, several metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, poor nutrition, many of which are modifiable, have been linked to the pathogenesis of numerous neoplasms including MM. In this article, we provide a detailed summary of what is known about the impact of obesity on the pathogenesis of MM, its influence on outcomes in MM patients, and discuss potential mechanisms through which obesity is postulated to influence MM risk and prognosis. Along with advancements in treatment modalities to improve survival in MM patients, focused efforts are needed to prevent or intercept MM at its earliest stages. The consolidated findings presented in this review highlight the need for clinical trials to assess if lifestyle modifications can reduce the incidence and improve outcomes of MM in high-risk populations. Data generated from such studies can help formulate evidence-based lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and control of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Parikh
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Myeloma Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Syed Maaz Tariq
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Catherine R. Marinac
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Urvi A. Shah
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York City, NY 10065, USA
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18
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Abstract
Two decades of research have established that Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays a critical role in reprogramming the fat cell transcriptome towards inflammation in response to overnutrition and metabolic stress. Several groups have suggested that inhibition of NF-κB signaling could have metabolic benefits for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. However, two significant problems arise with this approach. The first is how to deliver general NF-κB inhibitors into adipocytes without allowing these compounds to disrupt normal functioning in cells of the immune system. The second issue is that general inhibition of canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes will likely lead to a massive increase in adipocyte apoptosis under conditions of metabolic stress, leading full circle into a secondary inflammation (However, this problem may not be true for non-canonical NF-κB signaling.). This review will focus on the research that has examined canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes, focusing on genetic studies that examine loss-of-function of NF-κB specifically in fat cells. Although the development of general inhibitors of canonical NF-κB signaling seems unlikely to succeed in alleviating adipose tissue inflammation in humans, the door remains open for more targeted therapeutics. In principle, these would include compounds that interrogate NF-κB DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, or post-translational modifications that partition NF-κB activity towards some genes and away from others in adipocytes. I also discuss the possibility for inhibitors of non-canonical NF-κB signaling to realize success in mitigating fat cell dysfunction in obesity. To plant the seeds for such approaches, much biochemical “digging” in adipocytes remains; this includes identifying—in an unbiased manner–NF-κB direct and indirect targets, genomic DNA binding sites for all five NF-κB subunits, NF-κB protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications of NF-κB in fat cells.
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19
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Mentoor I, Engelbrecht AM, van de Vyver M, van Jaarsveld PJ, Nell T. The paracrine effects of adipocytes on lipid metabolism in doxorubicin-treated triple negative breast cancer cells. Adipocyte 2021; 10:505-523. [PMID: 34812105 PMCID: PMC8632082 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1979758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes in the breast tumour microenvironment promotes acquired treatment resistance. We used an in vitro adipocyte-conditioned media approach to investigate the direct paracrine effects of adipocyte secretory factors on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with doxorubicin to clarify the underlying treatment resistance mechanisms. Cell-viability assays, and Western blots were performed to determine alterations in apoptotic, proliferation and lipid metabolism protein markers. Free fatty acids (FFA) and inflammatory markers in the collected treatment-conditioned media were also quantified. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the cell-viability of doxorubicin-treated cells (p < 0.0001), which did not correspond to apoptosis or proliferation pathways. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (p < 0.05) in doxorubicin-treated cells. Adipocyte secretory factors increased the utilization of leptin (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (p < 0.01) proteins and possibly inhibited release of linoleic acid by doxorubicin-treated cells (treatment-conditioned media FFA profiles). Adipocyte secretory factors induced doxorubicin treatment resistance, by increasing the utilization of inflammatory mediators and inhibiting the release of FFA by doxorubicin-treated cells. This further promotes inflammation and lipid metabolic reprogramming (lipid storage) in the tumour microenvironment, which breast cancer cells use to evade the toxic effects induced by doxorubicin and confers to acquired treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Mentoor
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mari van de Vyver
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Paul J. van Jaarsveld
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Theo Nell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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20
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Rapuano R, Ziccardi P, Cioffi V, Dallavalle S, Moricca S, Lupo A. Cladosporols A and B, two natural peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists, inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and cause a conditioned-culture-medium-dependent arrest of HT-29 cell proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129973. [PMID: 34352342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are widespread throughout the world, require therapeutic interventions targeted to solve clinical problems (insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and steatosis). Several natural compounds are now part of the therapeutic repertoire developed to better manage these pathological conditions. Cladosporols, secondary metabolites from the fungus Cladosporium tenuissimum, have been characterised for their ability to control cell proliferation in human colon cancer cell lines through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-mediated modulation of gene expression. Here, we report data concerning the ability of cladosporols to regulate the differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. METHODS Cell counting and MTT assay were used for analysing cell proliferation. RT-PCR and Western blotting assays were performed to evaluate differentiation marker expression. Cell migration was analysed by wound-healing assay. RESULTS We showed that cladosporol A and B inhibited the storage of lipids in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes, while their administration did not affect the proliferative ability of preadipocytes. Moreover, both cladosporols downregulated mRNA and protein levels of early (C/EBPα and PPARγ) and late (aP2, LPL, FASN, GLUT-4, adiponectin and leptin) differentiation markers of adipogenesis. Finally, we found that proliferation and migration of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells were inhibited by conditioned medium from cladosporol-treated 3T3-L1 cells compared with the preadipocyte conditioned medium. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first report describing that cladosporols inhibit in vitro adipogenesis and through this inhibition may interfere with HT-29 cancer cell growth and migration. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Cladosporols are promising tools to inhibit concomitantly adipogenesis and control colon cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rapuano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Pamela Ziccardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Valentina Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Salvatore Moricca
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DiSPAA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Angelo Lupo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
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21
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Baboli M, Storey P, Sood TP, Fogarty J, Moccaldi M, Lewin A, Moy L, Kim SG. Bilateral gradient-echo spectroscopic imaging with correction of frequency variations for measurement of fatty acid composition in mammary adipose tissue. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:33-45. [PMID: 33533056 PMCID: PMC8005455 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a simultaneous dual-slab three-dimensional gradient-echo spectroscopic imaging (GSI) technique with frequency drift compensation for rapid (<6 min) bilateral measurement of fatty acid composition (FAC) in mammary adipose tissue. METHODS A bilateral GSI sequence was developed using a simultaneous dual-slab excitation followed by 128 monopolar echoes. A short train of navigator echoes without phase or partition encoding was included at the beginning of each pulse repetition time period to correct for frequency variation caused by respiration and heating of the cryostat. Voxel-wise spectral fitting was applied to measure the areas of the lipid spectral peaks to estimate the number of double-bond (ndb), number of methylene-interrupted double-bond (nmidb), and chain length (cl). The proposed method was tested in an oil phantom and 10 postmenopausal women to assess the influence of the frequency variation on FAC estimation. RESULTS The frequency drift observed over 5:27 min during the phantom scan was about 10 Hz. Phase correction based on the navigator reduced the median error of ndb, nmidb, and cl from 9.7%, 17.6%, and 3.2% to 2.1%, 9.5%, and 2.8%, respectively. The in vivo data showed a mean ± standard deviation frequency drift of 17.4 ± 2.5 Hz, with ripples at 0.3 ± 0.1 Hz. Our reconstruction algorithm successfully separated signals from the left and right breasts with negligible residual aliasing. Phase correction reduced the interquartile range within each subject's adipose tissue of ndb, nmidb, and cl by 18.4 ± 10.6%, 18.5 ± 13.9%, and 18.4 ± 10.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows the feasibility of obtaining bilateral spectroscopic imaging data in the breast and that incorporation of a frequency navigator improves the estimation of FAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Baboli
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pippa Storey
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Terlika Pandit Sood
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Justin Fogarty
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Melanie Moccaldi
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,New York University Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center 160 East 34th Street, New York, NY 10016
| | - Alana Lewin
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,New York University Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center 160 East 34th Street, New York, NY 10016
| | - Linda Moy
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,New York University Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center 160 East 34th Street, New York, NY 10016
| | - Sungheon Gene Kim
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,New York University Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center 160 East 34th Street, New York, NY 10016,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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22
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Xia H, Huang Z, Liu S, Zhao X, He R, Wang Z, Shi W, Chen W, Li Z, Yu L, Huang P, Kang P, Su Z, Xu Y, Yam JWP, Cui Y. Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs: Regulatory and Therapeutic Target of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:653846. [PMID: 33869059 PMCID: PMC8044750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.653846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by most somatic cells, which can carry a variety of biologically active substances to participate in intercellular communication and regulate the pathophysiological process of recipient cells. Recent studies have confirmed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) carried by tumor cell/non-tumor cell-derived exosomes have the function of regulating the cancerous derivation of target cells and remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, due to the unique low immunogenicity and high stability, exosomes can be used as natural vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic ncRNAs in vivo. This article aims to review the potential regulatory mechanism and the therapeutic value of exosomal ncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in order to provide promising targets for early diagnosis and precise therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Xia
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziyue Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuqiang Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Risheng He
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenguang Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wangming Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhizhou Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Pengcheng Kang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhilei Su
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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23
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The Influence of Biologically Active Substances Secreted by the Adipose Tissue on Endometrial Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030494. [PMID: 33799622 PMCID: PMC8000529 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed gynecological neoplasms in developed countries and its incidence is rising. Usually, it is diagnosed in the early stages of the disease and has a good prognosis; however, in later stages, the rate of recurrence reaches up to 60%. The discrepancy in relapse rates is due to the heterogeneity of the group related to the presence of prognostic factors affecting survival parameters. Increased body weight, diabetes, metabolic disturbances and estrogen imbalance are important factors for the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. Even though prognostic factors such as histopathological grade, clinical stage, histological type and the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors are well known in endometrial cancer, the search for novel prognostic biomarkers continues. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ involved in metabolism, immune response and the production of biologically active substances participating in cell growth and differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. In this manuscript, we review the impact of factors secreted by the adipose tissue involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (leptin, adiponectin, omentin, vaspin, galectins) and factors responsible for homeostasis maintenance, inflammatory processes, angiogenesis and oxidative stress (IL-1β, 6, 8, TNFα, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)) in the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer.
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24
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Chung JH, Kim KJ, Jung SP, Park SH, Yoon ES. Analysis of oncological safety of autologous fat grafting after immediate breast reconstruction. Gland Surg 2021; 10:584-594. [PMID: 33708542 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Fat grafting is now a common procedure for breast reconstruction. Many clinical studies have reported its aesthetic efficacy and oncological safety, but some experimental studies raise about the recurrence risk because of its regenerating property. This study aims to investigate the possibility of cancer recurrence associated with fat grafting. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed a total of 339 patients who had undergone immediate reconstructive surgery after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) or skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) in our institution between February 28, 2009 and March 23, 2019. Patients who had undergone breast conserving surgery, radical mastectomy, or delayed reconstruction were excluded. We used univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate the association between fat grafting and cancer recurrence. Results Among the 339 patients during a median follow-up of 52 months, 27 patients (8.0%) were confirmed to have recurrent cancer. Of 67 patients who had undergone fat grafting, 10 patients were confirmed to have cancer recurrence. In multivariate analyses, fat grafting [hazard ratio (HR), 2.52; 95% CI, 1.005-6.317; P=0.0488] was independently associated with cancer recurrence. Conclusions In population of breast cancer patient who underwent immediate reconstruction in our institution, fat grafting showed significant higher risk of cancer recurrence. Although these results are at odds with many existing studies, it suggests that more careful follow-up may be necessary for patients who had undergone fat grafting after reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jae Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Jung
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ha Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Sik Yoon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Micek HM, Visetsouk MR, Masters KS, Kreeger PK. Engineering the Extracellular Matrix to Model the Evolving Tumor Microenvironment. iScience 2020; 23:101742. [PMID: 33225247 PMCID: PMC7666341 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence supports a role for the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cancer risk and prognosis across multiple tumor types, and numerous studies have demonstrated that individual ECM components impact key hallmarks of tumor progression (e.g., proliferation, migration, angiogenesis). However, the ECM is a complex network of fibrillar proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that undergoes dramatic changes in composition and organization during tumor development. In this review, we will highlight how engineering approaches can be used to examine the impact of changes in tissue architecture, ECM composition (i.e., identity and levels of individual ECM components), and cellular- and tissue-level mechanics on tumor progression. In addition, we will discuss recently developed methods to model the ECM that have not yet been applied to the study of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Micek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mike R. Visetsouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kristyn S. Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Pamela K. Kreeger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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The Tumor-Fat Interface Volume of Breast Cancer on Pretreatment MRI Is Associated with a Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110391. [PMID: 33182628 PMCID: PMC7697338 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Contact between a tumor and the adjacent fat is a potential biomarker to predict the therapy response in breast cancer, but it has not been quantitatively explored. In this study, we measured the direct contact between the tumor and adjacent fat using breast magnetic resonance imaging with machine learning and found that patients with a greater volume of contact between tumor and fat were less likely to have a complete pathological response. Our results suggest that the volume of the tumor–fat interface is a potential prognostic imaging biomarker to predict the treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Abstract Adipocytes are active sources of numerous adipokines that work in both a paracrine and endocrine manner. It is not known that the direct contact between tumor and neighboring fat measured by pretreatment breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) affects treatment outcomes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients. A biomarker quantifying the tumor–fat interface volume from pretreatment MRI was proposed and used to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients treated with NAC. The tumor–fat interface volume was computed with data-driven clustering using multiphasic MRI. Our approach was developed and validated in two cohorts consisting of 1140 patients. A high tumor–fat interface volume was significantly associated with a non-pCR in both the development and validation cohorts (p = 0.030 and p = 0.037, respectively). Quantitative measurement of the tumor–fat interface volume based on pretreatment MRI may be useful for precision medicine and subsequently influence the treatment strategy of patients.
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27
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The Role of Exosomes in the Crosstalk between Adipocytes and Liver Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091988. [PMID: 32872417 PMCID: PMC7563540 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transport bioactive materials between cells and organs. The cargo delivered by exosomes can alter a wide range of cellular responses in recipient cells and play an important pathophysiological role in human cancers. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for example, adipocyte- and tumor-secreted factors contained in exosomes contribute to the creation of a chronic inflammatory state, which contributes to disease progression. The exosome-mediated crosstalk between adipocytes and liver cancer cells is a key aspect of a dynamic tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the role of increased adiposity and the role of adipocyte-derived exosomes (AdExos) and HCC-derived exosomes (HCCExos) in the modulation of HCC progression. We also discuss recent advances regarding how malignant cells interact with the surrounding adipose tissue and employ exosomes to promote a more aggressive phenotype.
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28
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Chung HY, Kim JH, Han IH, Ryu JS. Polarization of M2 Macrophages by Interaction between Prostate Cancer Cells Treated with Trichomonas vaginalis and Adipocytes. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:217-227. [PMID: 32615735 PMCID: PMC7338904 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis causes inflammation of the prostate and has been detected in tissues of prostate cancers (PCa), prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Obesity is a risk factor for PCa and causes a chronic subclinical inflammation. This chronic inflammation further exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation as results of migration and activation of macrophages. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the PCa microenvironment. M2 macrophages, known as Tumor-Associated Macrophages, are involved in increasing cancer malignancy. In this study, conditioned medium (TCM) of PCa cells infected with live trichomonads contained chemokines that stimulated migration of the mouse preadipocytes (3T3-L1 cells). Conditioned medium of adipocytes incubated with TCM (ATCM) contained Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13). Macrophage migration was stimulated by ATCM. In macrophages treated with ATCM, expression of M2 markers increased, while M1 markers decreased. Therefore, it is suggested that ATCM induces polarization of M0 to M2 macrophages. In addition, conditioned medium from the macrophages incubated with ATCM stimulates the proliferation and invasiveness of PCa. Our findings suggest that interaction between inflamed PCa treated with T. vaginalis and adipocytes causes M2 macrophage polarization, so contributing to the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Yeoung Chung
- Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ik-Hwan Han
- Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jae-Sook Ryu
- Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Jayaraman Rukmini S, Bi H, Sen P, Everhart B, Jin S, Ye K. Inducing Tumor Suppressive Microenvironments through Genome Edited CD47 -/- Syngeneic Cell Vaccination. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20057. [PMID: 31882679 PMCID: PMC6934648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors can escape from the immune system by overexpressing CD47 and other checkpoint blockades. CD47 is expressed ubiquitously by all cells in the body, posing an obstacle for CD47 blocking treatments due to their systemic toxicity. We performed a study to determine how the tumor microenvironment changes after vaccination with genome edited CD47-/- syngeneic tumor cells. We discovered that inactivated CD47-depleted mouse melanoma cells can protect mice from melanoma. Our animal study indicated that 33% of vaccinated mice remained tumor-free, and 100% of mice had 5-fold reduced growth rates. The characterization of immunomodulatory effects of the vaccine revealed a highly anti-tumorigenic and homogenous microenvironment after vaccination. We observed consistently that in the tumors that failed to respond to vaccines, there were reduced natural killer cells, elevated regulatory T cells, M2-type macrophages, and high PD-L1 expression in these cells. These observations suggested that the tumor microenvironments became more suppressive to tumor growth after vaccination, suggesting a potential new immunotherapy for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra Jayaraman Rukmini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Huanjing Bi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Puloma Sen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Benjamin Everhart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA.
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30
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Wang R, Shao X, Zheng J, Saci A, Qian X, Pak I, Roy A, Bello A, Rizzo JI, Hosein F, Moss RA, Wind-Rotolo M, Feng Y. A Machine-Learning Approach to Identify a Prognostic Cytokine Signature That Is Associated With Nivolumab Clearance in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 107:978-987. [PMID: 31721173 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lower clearance of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a predictor of improved overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced cancer. We investigated a novel approach using machine learning to identify a baseline composite cytokine signature via clearance, which, in turn, could be associated with OS in advanced melanoma. Peripheral nivolumab clearance and cytokine data from patients treated with nivolumab in two phase III studies (n = 468 (pooled)) and another phase III study (n = 158) were used for machine-learning model development and validation, respectively. Random forest (Boruta) algorithm was used for feature selection and classification of nivolumab clearance. The 16 top-ranking baseline inflammatory cytokines reflecting immune-cell modulation were selected as a composite signature to predict nivolumab clearance (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.75; accuracy = 0.7). Predicted clearance (high vs. low) via the cytokine signature was significantly associated with OS across all three studies (P < 0.01), regardless of treatment (nivolumab vs. chemotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Xiao Shao
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Junying Zheng
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Abdel Saci
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Xiaozhong Qian
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Irene Pak
- Information and Data Management, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Amit Roy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Akintunde Bello
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jasmine I Rizzo
- Global Clinical Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Fareeda Hosein
- Global Clinical Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rebecca A Moss
- Global Clinical Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Megan Wind-Rotolo
- Oncology Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
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Evangelista GCM, Salvador PA, Soares SMA, Barros LRC, Xavier FHDC, Abdo LM, Gualberto ACM, Macedo GC, Clavijo-Salomon MA, Gameiro J. 4T1 Mammary Carcinoma Colonization of Metastatic Niches Is Accelerated by Obesity. Front Oncol 2019; 9:685. [PMID: 31616626 PMCID: PMC6764084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, and the chances to develop it are duplicated by obesity. Still, the impact of obesity during BC progression remains less understood. We investigated the role of obesity in tumor progression using the murine model of 4T1 mammary carcinoma in BALB/c female mice, previously high-fat-diet (HFD) fed. HFD induced obesity, metabolic impairment, and high serum and fat leptin levels. After injection of 4T1-cells, HFD-mice accelerated tumor progression and metastasis. 4T1-cells found within HFD-mice metastatic niches presented higher clonogenic potential. 4T1-cells treated in vitro with fat-conditioned medium derived from HFD-mice, increased migration capacity through CXCL12 and CCL25 gradients. In HFD-mice, the infiltration and activation of immune cells into tumor-sentinel lymph nodes was overall reduced, except for activated CD4+ T cells expressing low CD25 levels. Within the bone marrow, the levels of haematopoiesis-related IL-6 and TNF-α decreased after 4T1-cells injection in HFD-mice whereas increased in the controls, suggesting that upregulation of both cytokines, regardless of the tumor, is disrupted by obesity. Finally, the expression of genes for leptin, CXCR4, and CCR9 (receptors of CXCL12 and CCL25, respectively) was negatively correlated with the infiltration of CD8 T cells in human triple-negative BC tumors from obese patients compared to non-obese. Together, our data present early evidence of systemic networks triggered by obesity that promote BC progression to the metastatic niches. Targeting these pathways might be useful to prevent the rapid BC progression observed among obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Coeli Menezes Evangelista
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.,Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna Amaral Salvador
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Sara Malaguti Andrade Soares
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rodrigues Carvalho Barros
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo, ICESP, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Henrique da Cunha Xavier
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Luiza Macedo Abdo
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Moura Gualberto
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Maria Alejandra Clavijo-Salomon
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center of Translational Research in Oncology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo, ICESP, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacy Gameiro
- Laboratory of Immunology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Tumminia A, Vinciguerra F, Parisi M, Graziano M, Sciacca L, Baratta R, Frittitta L. Adipose Tissue, Obesity and Adiponectin: Role in Endocrine Cancer Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122863. [PMID: 31212761 PMCID: PMC6628240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has been recognized as a complex organ with endocrine and metabolic roles. The excess of fat mass, as occurs during overweight and obesity states, alters the regulation of adipose tissue, contributing to the development of obesity-related disorders. In this regard, many epidemiological studies shown an association between obesity and numerous types of malignancies, comprising those linked to the endocrine system (e.g., breast, endometrial, ovarian, thyroid and prostate cancers). Multiple factors may contribute to this phenomenon, such as hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, abnormal adipokines secretion and metabolism. Among adipokines, growing interest has been placed in recent years on adiponectin (APN) and on its role in carcinogenesis. APN is secreted by adipose tissue and exerts both anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative actions. It has been demonstrated that APN is drastically decreased in obese individuals and that it can play a crucial role in tumor growth. Although literature data on the impact of APN on carcinogenesis are sometimes conflicting, the most accredited hypothesis is that it has a protective action, preventing cancer development and progression. The aim of the present review is to summarize the currently available evidence on the involvement of APN and its signaling in the etiology of cancer, focusing on endocrine malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tumminia
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Federica Vinciguerra
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Miriam Parisi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Marco Graziano
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Laura Sciacca
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberto Baratta
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Lucia Frittitta
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
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Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) refers to the local aggregate of adipose tissue surrounding the vascular tree, exhibiting phenotypes from white to brown and beige adipocytes. Although PVAT has long been regarded as simply a structural unit providing mechanical support to vasculature, it is now gaining reputation as an integral endocrine/paracrine component, in addition to the well-established modulator endothelium, in regulating vascular tone. Since the discovery of anti-contractile effect of PVAT in 1991, the use of multiple rodent models of reduced amounts of PVAT has revealed its regulatory role in vascular remodeling and cardiovascular implications, including atherosclerosis. PVAT does not only release PVAT-derived relaxing factors (PVRFs) to activate multiple subsets of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle potassium channels and anti-inflammatory signals in the vasculature, but it does also provide an interface for neuron-adipocyte interactions in the vascular wall to regulate arterial vascular tone. In this review, we outline our current understanding towards PVAT and attempt to provide hints about future studies that can sharpen the therapeutic potential of PVAT against cardiovascular diseases and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hamidah Abu Bakar
- Health Sciences Department, Universiti Selangor, 40000, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)-a joint cooperation between the Charité-University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Charité Campus Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Moskalenko RA, Korneva YS. [Role of adipose tissue in the development and progression of colorectal cancer]. Arkh Patol 2019; 81:52-56. [PMID: 30830106 DOI: 10.17116/patol20198101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper gives the current data available in the literature on the relationship and pathogenetic mechanisms of influence of adipose tissue on colorectal carcinogenesis. It considers the aspects of changes in adipose tissue and microenvironment of the tumor itself, including those under the influence of biologically active substances secreted by adipocytes; differences in subcutaneous and visceral fat and their importance in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the role of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Understanding these mechanisms for adipose tissue influence on CRC will assist not only in preventing this disease, but also in searching for new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Moskalenko
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Yu S Korneva
- Smolensk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Smolensk, Russia; Smolensk Regional Institute of Pathology, Smolensk, Russia
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Patel S, Sangeeta S. Pesticides as the drivers of neuropsychotic diseases, cancers, and teratogenicity among agro-workers as well as general public. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:91-100. [PMID: 30411285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The need to maximize agricultural productivity has made pesticides an indispensable part of current times. Farmers are unaware of the lurking consequences of the pesticide exposure, which endanger their health. It also puts the unsuspecting consumers in peril. The pesticides (from organophosphates, organochlorine, and carbamate class) disrupt the immune and hormonal signaling, causing recurrent inflammation, which leads to a wide array pathologies, including teratogenicity. Numerous farmers have fallen victim to neural disorders-driven suicides and lungs, prostate/breast cancer-caused untimely deaths. Green revolution which significantly escalated agricultural productivity is backfiring now. It is high time that environmental and agricultural authorities act to restrain the excessive usage of the detrimental chemicals and educate farmers regarding the crisis. This review discusses the biological mechanisms of pesticide-driven pathogenesis (such as the activation or inhibition of caspase, serine protease, acetylcholinesterase) and presents the pesticide-exposure-caused health deterioration in USA, India, and Africa. This holistic and critical review should be an eye-opener for general public, and a guide for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
| | - Sushree Sangeeta
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Pothuraju R, Rachagani S, Junker WM, Chaudhary S, Saraswathi V, Kaur S, Batra SK. Pancreatic cancer associated with obesity and diabetes: an alternative approach for its targeting. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:319. [PMID: 30567565 PMCID: PMC6299603 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is among foremost causes of cancer related deaths worldwide due to generic symptoms, lack of effective screening strategies and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapies. The risk factors associated with PC include several metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have shown that obesity and T2DM are associated with PC pathogenesis; however, their role in PC initiation and development remains obscure. MAIN BODY Several biochemical and physiological factors associated with obesity and/or T2DM including adipokines, inflammatory mediators, and altered microbiome are involved in PC progression and metastasis albeit by different molecular mechanisms. Deep understanding of these factors and causal relationship between factors and altered signaling pathways will facilitate deconvolution of disease complexity as well as lead to development of novel therapies. In the present review, we focuses on the interplay between adipocytokines, gut microbiota, adrenomedullin, hyaluronan, vanin and matrix metalloproteinase affected by metabolic alteration and pancreatic tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic diseases, such as obesity and T2DM, contribute PC development through altered metabolic pathways. Delineating key players in oncogenic development in pancreas due to metabolic disorder could be a beneficial strategy to combat cancers associated with metabolic diseases in particular, PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Wade M Junker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. .,Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. .,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Obesity and gastrointestinal cancer: the interrelationship of adipose and tumour microenvironments. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:699-714. [PMID: 30323319 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing recognition of an association between obesity and many cancer types exists, but how the myriad of local and systemic effects of obesity affect key cellular and non-cellular processes within the tumour microenvironment (TME) relevant to carcinogenesis, tumour progression and response to therapies remains poorly understood. The TME is a complex cellular environment in which the tumour exists along with blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells, signalling molecules and the extracellular matrix. Obesity, in particular visceral obesity, might fuel the dysregulation of key pathways relevant to both the adipose microenvironment and the TME, which interact to promote carcinogenesis in at-risk epithelium. The tumour-promoting effects of obesity can occur at the local level as well as systemically via circulating inflammatory, growth factor and metabolic mediators associated with adipose tissue inflammation, as well as paracrine and autocrine effects. This Review explores key pathways linking visceral obesity and gastrointestinal cancer, including inflammation, hypoxia, altered stromal and immune cell function, energy metabolism and angiogenesis.
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Karnati HK, Panigrahi MK, Li Y, Tweedie D, Greig NH. Adiponectin as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:4170-4179. [PMID: 28183249 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170208123553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines are bioactive proteins that mediate proliferation, metabolism, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Adiponectin is an important adipokine that exerts multiple key functions via its anti-metabolic syndrome and anti-inflammatory properties. A number of adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1, AdipoR2 and T-cadherin, have been identified. Recent studies have suggested the involvement of adiponectin and receptors in several cancers, including prostate, breast, endometrial, brain, and colon cancer. Altered levels of adiponectin expression, or its interacting receptors, in cancers can lead to dysregulation of signaling pathways. Our current review describes the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumorigenesis activity of adiponectin and the role of its receptors in prostate carcinogenesis, and provides perspectives of adiponectin-mediated signaling as a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanuma Kumar Karnati
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224. United States
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hyderabad- 500003, Telangana. India
| | - Yazhou Li
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224. United States
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224. United States
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224. United States
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Allegra A, Innao V, Gerace D, Allegra AG, Vaddinelli D, Bianco O, Musolino C. The adipose organ and multiple myeloma: Impact of adipokines on tumor growth and potential sites for therapeutic intervention. Eur J Intern Med 2018; 53:12-20. [PMID: 29859797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its capacity to store lipids the adipose tissue is now identified as a real organ with both endocrine and metabolic roles. Preclinical results indicate that modifying adipose tissue and bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) could be a successful multiple myeloma (MM) therapy. BMAT interrelates with bone marrow cells and other immune cells, and may influence MM disease progression. The BM adipocytes may have a role in MM progression, bone homing, chemoresistance, and relapse, due to local endocrine, paracrine, or metabolic factors. BM adipocytes isolated from MM subjects have been shown to increase myeloma growth in vitro and may preserve cells from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. By producing free fatty acids and emitting signaling molecules such as growth factors and adipokines, BM adipocytes are both an energy font and an endocrine signaling factory. This review should suggest future research approaches toward developing novel treatments to target MM by targeting BMAT and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Gerace
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Doriana Vaddinelli
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Oriana Bianco
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 90100 Messina, Italy
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Chang CH, Chang YT, Tseng TH, Wang CJ. Mulberry leaf extract inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation via depressing IL-6 and TNF-α derived from adipocyte. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:1024-1032. [PMID: 29976395 PMCID: PMC9303032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Cheng Y, Monteiro C, Matos A, You J, Fraga A, Pereira C, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G, Ribeiro R, Hu P. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling of periprostatic adipose tissue in prostate cancer patients with excess adiposity-a pilot study. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:54. [PMID: 29692867 PMCID: PMC5904983 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) has been recognized to associate with prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness and progression. Here, we sought to investigate whether excess adiposity modulates the methylome of PPAT in PCa patients. DNA methylation profiling was performed in PPAT from obese/overweight (OB/OW, BMI > 25 kg m−2) and normal weight (NW, BMI < 25 kg m−2) PCa patients. Significant differences in methylated CpGs between OB/OW and NW groups were inferred by statistical modeling. Results Five thousand five hundred twenty-six differentially methylated CpGs were identified between OB/OW and NW PCa patients with 90.2% hypermethylated. Four hundred eighty-three of these CpGs were found to be located at both promoters and CpG islands, whereas the representing 412 genes were found to be involved in pluripotency of stem cells, fatty acid metabolism, and many other biological processes; 14 of these genes, particularly FADS1, MOGAT1, and PCYT2, with promoter hypermethylation presented with significantly decreased gene expression in matched samples. Additionally, 38 genes were correlated with antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen via MHC class I, which might result in fatty acid accumulation in PPAT and tumor immune evasion. Conclusions Results showed that the whole epigenome methylation profiles of PPAT were significantly different in OB/OW compared to normal weight PCa patients. The epigenetic variation associated with excess adiposity likely resulted in altered lipid metabolism and immune dysregulation, contributing towards unfavorable PCa microenvironment, thus warranting further validation studies in larger samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0490-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,2Experimental Center, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cátia Monteiro
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer-North, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Matos
- 5Laboratory of Genetics and Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jiaying You
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Avelino Fraga
- 6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,7Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,8CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, e, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Catalán
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,11Department of Endocrinology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,5Laboratory of Genetics and Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,12Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,13i3S/INEB, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Self-assembling nanoparticles encapsulating zoledronic acid inhibit mesenchymal stromal cells differentiation, migration and secretion of proangiogenic factors and their interactions with prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42926-42938. [PMID: 28477013 PMCID: PMC5522116 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic Acid (ZA) rapidly concentrates into the bone and reduces skeletal-related events and pain in bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), but exerts only a limited or absent impact as anti-cancer activity. Recently, we developed self-assembling nanoparticles (NPS) encapsulating zoledronic acid (NZ) that allowed a higher intratumor delivery of the drug compared with free zoledronic acid (ZA) in in vivo cancer models of PCa. Increasing evidence suggests that Bone Marrow (BM) Mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are recruited into the stroma of developing tumors where they contribute to progression by enhancing tumor growth and metastasis. We demonstrated that treatment with NZ decreased migration and differentiation into adipocytes and osteoblasts of MSCs and inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Treatment with NZ reduced the capability of MSCs to promote the migration and the clonogenic growth of the prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145. The levels of Interleukin-6 and of the pro-angiogenic factors VEGF and FGF-2 were significantly reduced in MSC-CM derived from MSCs treated with NZ, and CCL5 secretion was almost totally abolished. Moreover, treatment of MSCs with supernatants from PC3 cells, leading to tumor-educated MSCs (TE-MSCs), increased the secretion of IL-6, CCL5, VEGF and FGF-2 by MSCs and increased their capability to increase PC3 cells clonogenic growth. Treatment with NZ decreased cytokine secretion and the pro-tumorigenic effects also of TE-MSCS. In conclusion, demonstrating that NZ is capable to inhibit the cross talk between MSCs and PCa, this study provides a novel insight to explain the powerful anticancer activity of NZ on PCa.
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Rodenhizer D, Dean T, D'Arcangelo E, McGuigan AP. The Current Landscape of 3D In Vitro Tumor Models: What Cancer Hallmarks Are Accessible for Drug Discovery? Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701174. [PMID: 29350495 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer prognosis remains a lottery dependent on cancer type, disease stage at diagnosis, and personal genetics. While investment in research is at an all-time high, new drugs are more likely to fail in clinical trials today than in the 1970s. In this review, a summary of current survival statistics in North America is provided, followed by an overview of the modern drug discovery process, classes of models used throughout different stages, and challenges associated with drug development efficiency are highlighted. Then, an overview of the cancer hallmarks that drive clinical progression is provided, and the range of available clinical therapies within the context of these hallmarks is categorized. Specifically, it is found that historically, the development of therapies is limited to a subset of possible targets. This provides evidence for the opportunities offered by novel disease-relevant in vitro models that enable identification of novel targets that facilitate interactions between the tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment. Next, an overview of the models currently reported in literature is provided, and the cancer biology they have been used to explore is highlighted. Finally, four priority areas are suggested for the field to accelerate adoption of in vitro tumour models for cancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Rodenhizer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 200 College Street Toronto M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Teresa Dean
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto 200 College Street Toronto M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Elisa D'Arcangelo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto 200 College Street Toronto M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Alison P. McGuigan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry & Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto 200 College Street Toronto M5S 3E5 Canada
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Wang T, Zhang Z, Wang K, Wang J, Jiang Y, Xia J, Gou L, Liu M, Zhou L, He T, Zhang Y. Inhibitory effects of BMP9 on breast cancer cells by regulating their interaction with pre-adipocytes/adipocytes. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35890-35901. [PMID: 28415788 PMCID: PMC5482625 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) possesses multiple functions, but its effects on breast cancer cells in adipose microenvironment are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether BMP9 is able to modulate the interaction between pre-adipocytes/adipocytes and breast cancer cells. An in vitro co-culture system was established by using pre-adipocytes/adipocytes and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with BMP9 over-expression. The leptin expression and leptin-induced signaling pathway were evaluated in this co-culture system. MTT assay, EdU assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Wound-healing assay and Transwell migration assay were used to assess the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of leptin recepter (ObR) in MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression of key molecules in leptin signaling pathway in co-culture system were detected by Western blotting. MDA-MB-231 cells and pre-adipocytes/adipocytes were inoculated into nude mice, the tumor volume was measured, and the protein expression of key molecules in leptin signaling pathway was detected. Results showed BMP9 inhibited breast tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and reduced the migration of breast cancer cells in vitro. MDA-MB-231 cells with BMP9 over-expression decreased leptin expression in pre-adipocytes/adipocytes and had reduced phosphorylation of STAT3, ERK1/2 and AKT. Taken together, our study indicates that BMP9 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells, which may be related to interaction between pre-adipocytes/adipocytes and MDA-MB-231 cells via leptin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Ke Wang
- Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Yayun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Jing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Liyao Gou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Tongchuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine of The Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.China
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Diedrich JD, Rajagurubandara E, Herroon MK, Mahapatra G, Hüttemann M, Podgorski I. Bone marrow adipocytes promote the Warburg phenotype in metastatic prostate tumors via HIF-1α activation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64854-64877. [PMID: 27588494 PMCID: PMC5323121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic adaptation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in tumor progression, yet its involvement in metastatic bone disease is not understood. Bone is as an adipocyte-rich organ, and a major site of metastasis from prostate cancer. Bone marrow adipocytes are metabolically active cells capable of shaping tumor metabolism via lipolysis and lipid transfer. In this study, using in vitro and in vivo models of marrow adiposity, we demonstrate that marrow fat cells promote Warburg phenotype in metastatic prostate cancer cells. We show increased expression of glycolytic enzymes, increased lactate production, and decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in tumor cells exposed to adipocytes that require paracrine signaling between the two cell types. We also reveal that prostate cancer cells are capable of inducing adipocyte lipolysis as a postulated mechanism of sustenance. We provide evidence that adipocytes drive metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells via oxygen-independent mechanism of HIF-1α activation that can be reversed by HIF-1α downregulation. Importantly, we also demonstrate that the observed metabolic signature in tumor cells exposed to adipocytes mimics the expression patterns seen in patients with metastatic disease. Together, our data provide evidence for a functional relationship between marrow adipocytes and tumor cells in bone that has likely implications for tumor growth and survival within the metastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Diedrich
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie K Herroon
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gargi Mahapatra
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Guaita-Esteruelas S, Gumà J, Masana L, Borràs J. The peritumoural adipose tissue microenvironment and cancer. The roles of fatty acid binding protein 4 and fatty acid binding protein 5. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 462:107-118. [PMID: 28163102 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The adipose tissue microenvironment plays a key role in tumour initiation and progression because it provides fatty acids and adipokines to tumour cells. The fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family is a group of small proteins that act as intracellular fatty acid transporters. Adipose-derived FABPs include FABP4 and FABP5. Both have an important role in lipid-related metabolic processes and overexpressed in many cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal and ovarian. Moreover, their expression in peritumoural adipose tissue is deregulated, and their circulating levels are upregulated in some tumours. In this review, we discuss the role of the peritumoural adipose tissue and the related adipokines FABP4 and FABP5 in cancer initiation and progression and the possible pathways implicated in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guaita-Esteruelas
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Centre d'R+D+I en Nutrició i Salut, Avda. de la Universitat, 43204 Reus, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21 43201 Reus, Spain; Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - J Gumà
- Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - L Masana
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Borràs
- Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
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Mentoor I, Engelbrecht AM, van Jaarsveld PJ, Nell T. Chemoresistance: Intricate Interplay Between Breast Tumor Cells and Adipocytes in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:758. [PMID: 30619088 PMCID: PMC6297254 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess adipose tissue is a hallmark of an overweight and/or obese state as well as a primary risk factor for breast cancer development and progression. In an overweight/obese state adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional due to rapid hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and immune cell infiltration which is associated with sustained low-grade inflammation originating from dysfunctional adipokine synthesis. Evidence also supports the role of excess adipose tissue (overweight/obesity) as a casual factor for the development of chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Obesity-mediated effects/modifications may contribute to chemotherapeutic drug resistance by altering drug pharmacokinetics, inducing chronic inflammation, as well as altering tumor-associated adipocyte adipokine secretion. Adipocytes in the breast tumor microenvironment enhance breast tumor cell survival and decrease the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in chemotherapeutic resistance. A well-know chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, has shown to negatively impact adipose tissue homeostasis, affecting adipose tissue/adipocyte functionality and storage. Here, it is implied that doxorubicin disrupts adipose tissue homeostasis affecting the functionality of adipose tissue/adipocytes. Although evidence on the effects of doxorubicin on adipose tissue/adipocytes under obesogenic conditions are lacking, this narrative review explores the potential role of obesity in breast cancer progression and treatment resistance with inflammation as an underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Mentoor
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Paul J. van Jaarsveld
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Theo Nell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Theo Nell
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Patel S. Breast cancer: Lesser-known facets and hypotheses. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 98:499-506. [PMID: 29287197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females. The deteriorating environment, and lifestyle flaws are raising the frequency of this cancer. Existing therapies are not universally-effective, and they cause side effects, relapses, and high mortality rate. Alternative medications may be milder, but are less effective or are inadequate for a complex disease like the breast cancer. So, it requires the understanding that drugs are not the solution of this cancer, but prevention is the sustainable solution. In the past decades, an enormous quantum of insights on this disease has been obtained. A lifestyle based on the template of estrogenic compounds and, the resultant endocrine disruption, and acidosis, is elevating aromatase level, promoting the deleterious forms of estrogen, and inducing epithelial proliferation. This review provids a holistic account of breast cancer as a inflammatory endocrinopathy, and how it can be curbed by discipline, and awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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Influence of body mass index on incidence and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia and acute promyelocytic leukemia: A meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17998. [PMID: 29269861 PMCID: PMC5740068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated an association between high body mass index (BMI) and acute myeloid leukemias (AML), particularly acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the effect of obesity and overweight on the incidence of AML is not supported by all studies, and the relationship between obesity and prognosis of AML and APL has not been established. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the role of BMI on the risk and clinical outcome of AML, including APL. Twenty-six eligible studies enrolling 12,971 AML (including 866 APL) patients were retrieved and analyzed. Overweight and obesity was associated with an increased incidence of AML (relative risk [RR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–1.35; P < 0.001). High BMI did not significantly affect overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.92–1.03; P = 0.323) or disease-free survival (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88–1.10; P = 0.755) in patients with non-APL AML. By contrast, APL patients with high BMI had shorter OS (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.26–2.48; P = 0.001) and a higher risk of differentiation syndrome (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03–2.27, P = 0.04). Overall, our findings suggest that patients with overweight or obesity have a higher incidence of AML, and high BMI is a predictor of adverse clinical outcomes in APL.
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Ray A, Cleary MP. The potential role of leptin in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 38:80-97. [PMID: 29158066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adipocyte-released hormone-like cytokine/adipokine leptin behaves differently in obesity compared to its functions in the normal healthy state. In obese individuals, elevated leptin levels act as a pro-inflammatory adipokine and are associated with certain types of cancers. Further, a growing body of evidence suggests that higher circulating leptin concentrations and/or elevated expression of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in tumors may be poor prognostic factors. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms of leptin's association with poor prognosis are not clear, leptin can impact the tumor microenvironment in several ways. For example, leptin is associated with a number of biological components that could lead to tumor cell invasion and distant metastasis. This includes interactions with carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, tumor promoting effects of infiltrating macrophages, activation of matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factor-β signaling, etc. Recent studies also have shown that leptin plays a role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an important phenomenon for cancer cell migration and/or metastasis. Furthermore, leptin's potentiating effects on insulin-like growth factor-I, epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2/neu have been reported. Regarding unfavorable prognosis, leptin has been shown to influence both adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Features of poor prognosis such as tumor invasion, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis have been recorded in several cancer types with higher levels of leptin and/or Ob-R. This review will describe the current scenario in a precise manner. In general, obesity indicates poor prognosis in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - Margot P Cleary
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, United States.
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