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Wasim M, Bergonzi MC. Unlocking the Potential of Oleanolic Acid: Integrating Pharmacological Insights and Advancements in Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:692. [PMID: 38931816 PMCID: PMC11206505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in oleanolic acid (OA) as a triterpenoid with remarkable health benefits prompts an emphasis on its efficient use in pharmaceutical research. OA exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and antiviral properties. While OA demonstrates diverse pharmacological effects, optimizing its therapeutic potential requires overcoming significant challenges. In the field of pharmaceutical research, the exploration of efficient drug delivery systems is essential to maximizing the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds. Efficiently delivering OA faces challenges, such as poor aqueous solubility and restricted bioavailability, and to unlock its full therapeutic efficacy, novel formulation strategies are imperative. This discussion thoroughly investigates different approaches and advancements in OA drug delivery systems with the aim of enhancing the biopharmaceutical features and overall efficacy in diverse therapeutic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Camilla Bergonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
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Stelling-Férez J, Cappellacci I, Pandolfi A, Gabaldón JA, Pipino C, Nicolás FJ. Oleanolic acid rescues critical features of umbilical vein endothelial cells permanently affected by hyperglycemia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1308606. [PMID: 38192424 PMCID: PMC10773851 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1308606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a physiological process that involves several cell types. Among them, endothelial cells are required for inflammation resolution and neo-angiogenesis, both necessary for tissue restoration after injury. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (C-HUVECs) are derived from the umbilical cord. When women develop gestational diabetes, chronic exposure to hyperglycemia induces epigenetic modifications in these cells (GD-HUVECs), leading to a permanent pro-inflammatory phenotype and impaired angiogenesis in contrast to control cells. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a bioactive triterpenoid known for its epithelial cell migration promotion stimulation and higher tensile strength of wounds. However, the potentially anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties of OA are still under investigation. We tested OA on C- and GD-HUVECs under inflammatory conditions induced by low levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Reduced expression of adhesion molecules VCAM1, ICAM1, and SELE was obtained in OA-pre-treated C- and GD-HUVECs. Additionally, protein VCAM1 levels were also decreased by OA. Coherently, monocyte adhesion assays showed that a lower number of monocytes adhered to GD-HUVEC endothelium under OA pre-treatment when compared to untreated ones. It is noteworthy that OA improved angiogenesis parameters in both phenotypes, being especially remarkable in the case of GD-HUVECs, since OA strongly rescued their poor tube formation behavior. Moreover, endothelial cell migration was improved in C- and GD-HUVECs in scratch assays, an effect that was further confirmed by focal adhesion (FA) remodeling, revealed by paxillin staining on immunocytochemistry assays. Altogether, these results suggest that OA could be an emergent wound healing agent due to its capacity to rescue endothelial malfunction caused by hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Stelling-Férez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
- Regeneration, Molecular Oncology, and TGF-β, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ilaria Cappellacci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - José Antonio Gabaldón
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Regeneration, Molecular Oncology, and TGF-β, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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Park M, Baek SJ, Park SM, Yi JM, Cha S. Comparative study of the mechanism of natural compounds with similar structures using docking and transcriptome data for improving in silico herbal medicine experimentations. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad344. [PMID: 37798251 PMCID: PMC10555731 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have successfully treated several diseases using a multi-component, multi-target mechanism. However, a precise mechanism of action (MOA) has not been identified. Systems pharmacology methods have been used to overcome these challenges. However, there is a limitation as those similar mechanisms of similar components cannot be identified. In this study, comparisons of physicochemical descriptors, molecular docking analysis and RNA-seq analysis were performed to compare the MOA of similar compounds and to confirm the changes observed when similar compounds were mixed and used. Various analyses have confirmed that compounds with similar structures share similar MOA. We propose an advanced method for in silico experiments in herbal medicine research based on the results. Our study has three novel findings. First, an advanced network pharmacology research method was suggested by partially presenting a solution to the difficulty in identifying multi-component mechanisms. Second, a new natural product analysis method was proposed using large-scale molecular docking analysis. Finally, various biological data and analysis methods were used, such as in silico system pharmacology, docking analysis and drug response RNA-seq. The results of this study are meaningful in that they suggest an analysis strategy that can improve existing systems pharmacology research analysis methods by showing that natural product-derived compounds with the same scaffold have the same mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musun Park
- Korean Medicine (KM) Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Baek
- Korean Medicine (KM) Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwon Cha
- Korean Medicine (KM) Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Li G, Du Z, Shen P, Zhang J. Novel MeON-glycosides of ursolic acid: Synthesis, antitumor evaluation, and mechanism studies. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105595. [PMID: 37355050 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in in medicinal plants, edible plants, fruits, and flowers. The great interest in this bioactive compound is related to the positive effects in human health. However, its limited solubility, moderate biological activity and poor bioavailability limit the potential and further applications of UA. Here, we explored the efficacy of MeON-Glycosides of UA in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. A number of compounds showed significant antitumor activity against tested five cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 2a exhibited the most potent activity against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 3.1 ± 0.5 μM. Especially, compound 2a could induce HepG2 cells apoptosis and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis showed that compound 2a up-regulated Bax, cleaved caspase-3/9, cleaved PARP levels and down-regulated Bcl-2 level of HepG2 cells. These results indicated that compound 2a could obviously induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. At the same time, compound 2a significantly decreased the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR, which indicated that compound 2a might exert its cytotoxic effect by targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, the in silico ADME predictions showed that compound 2a has improved water solubility and other properties. Thus, compound 2a may be a promising antitumor candidate, which may be potentially used to prevent or treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Li
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhichao Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Pingping Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Yalameha B, Reza Nejabati H. Urinary Exosomal Metabolites: Overlooked Clue for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117445. [PMID: 37315726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, increasing research has focused on urinary exosomes (UEs) in biological fluids and their relationship with physiological and pathological processes. UEs are membranous vesicles with a size of 40-100 nm, containing a number of bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs. These vesicles are an inexpensive non-invasive source that can be used in clinical settings to differentiate healthy patients from diseased patients, thereby serving as potential biomarkers for the early identification of disease. Recent studies have reported the isolation of small molecules called exosomal metabolites from individuals' urine with different diseases. These metabolites could utilize for a variety of purposes, such as the discovery of biomarkers, investigation of mechanisms related to disease development, and importantly prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors, including thrombosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia as well as homocysteine. It has been indicated that alteration in urinary metabolites of N1-methylnicotinamide, 4-aminohippuric acid, and citric acid can be valuable in predicting cardiovascular risk factors, providing a novel approach to evaluating the pathological status of CVDs. Since the UEs metabolome has been clearly and precisely so far unexplored in CVDs, the present study has specifically addressed the role of the mentioned metabolites in the prediction of CVDs risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Yalameha
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Li BY, Qin JC, Shen YF, Yang F, Wang T, Ling F, Wang GX. A therapeutic agent of ursolic acid demonstrates potential application in aquaculture. Virus Res 2023; 323:198965. [PMID: 36272540 PMCID: PMC10194260 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) has a high mortality rate and causes huge economic losses to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we identified that ursolic acid (UA) had antiviral efficacy against MSRV in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that UA inhibited MSRV replication in grass carp ovary (GCO) cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 5.55 μM, reduced viral titers and decreased cytopathic effects (CPE). Mechanistically, UA does not directly damage viral particles. On the other hand, UA inhibits MSRV replication by altering viral binding and release. Furthermore, pre- and post-treatment assays revealed that UA had preventive and therapeutic effects. For in vivo studies, UA could enhance the survival rate of MSRV-infected largemouth bass. Similarly, UA reduced the viral load of MSRV in the heart, spleen and brain at 3, 5 and 7 d post-infection. In conclusion, UA is an effective inhibitor of rhabdovirus in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yu-Feng Shen
- Changzhou Agricultural Comprehensive Technology Extension Center, Middle Changjiang Road 289-1nd, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213002, China
| | - Fei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030623. [PMID: 35276982 PMCID: PMC8838233 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, is receiving outstanding attention from the scientific community due to its biological activity against multiple diseases. Oleanolic acid is endowed with a wide range of biological activities with therapeutic potential by means of complex and multifactorial mechanisms. There is evidence suggesting that oleanolic acid might be effective against dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, through enhancing insulin response, preserving the functionality and survival of β-cells and protecting against diabetes complications. In addition, several other functions have been proposed, including antiviral, anti-HIV, antibacterial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, as well as interfering in several stages of the development of different types of cancer; however, due to its hydrophobic nature, oleanolic acid is almost insoluble in water, which has led to a number of approaches to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties. In this scenario, the present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge and the research progress made in the last years on the extraction and characterization of oleanolic acid and its biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Shamilov AA, Olennikov DN, Pozdnyakov DI, Bubenchikova VN, Garsiya ER. Investigation of phenolic compounds at the leaves and shoots Arctostaphylos spp. and their antioxidant and antityrosinase activities. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6312-6317. [PMID: 35019793 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2025370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Comparative phytochemical and pharmacological analysis of leaves and shoots of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. and endemic of Transcaucasia and North Caucasia Arctostaphylos caucasica Lipsch. was carried out. Phenolic compounds in methanol extracts were investigated by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. Pharmacological investigation was carried out at the models of generation of superoxide, DPPH, hydroxyl and nitrosyl radicals. The antityrosinase properties were evaluated in the reaction of tyrosinase inhibition using L -tyrosine as a substrate. Five new compounds were identified in the shoots and leaves of A. uva-ursi: 4,6-di-О-galloylglucose; 2,3-di-О-galloylglucose; 1,4,6-tri-О-galloylglucose; 1,2,4,6-tetra-О-galloylglucose; tetra-О-galloylhexose. Thirty-five phenolic compounds and two saponins were identified for the first time in A. caucasica. Water-alcohol extract (70% ethanol) from A. caucasica had the highest antiradical activity. Water extracts from both species had antityrosinase activity and possessed comparable efficiency (IC50 = 36.4 ± 1.2 µg/ml and IC50 = 35,5 ± 2 µg/ml, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Alexeevich Shamilov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute (PMPI), Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Pyatigorsk, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil Nikolaevich Olennikov
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation, Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitryi Igorevich Pozdnyakov
- Department of Pharmacology with course of clinical Pharmacology, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute(PMPI), Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Pyatigorsk, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina Nikolaevna Bubenchikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), Ministry of Health of Russia, Kursk, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Robertovna Garsiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute (PMPI), Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Pyatigorsk, Russian Federation
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Luan M, Wang H, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhao F, Liu Z, Meng Q. Advances in Anti-inflammatory Activity, Mechanism and Therapeutic Application of Ursolic Acid. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:422-436. [PMID: 34517797 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210913113522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies reveal that Ursolic Acid (UA) is able to counteract endogenous and exogenous inflammatory stimuli and has favorable anti-inflammatory effects. The antiinflammatory mechanisms mainly include decreasing the release of histamine in mast cells, suppressing the activities of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and phospholipase, and reducing the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, blocking the activation of the signal pathway, downregulating the expression of inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the activities of elastase and complement. These mechanisms can open up new avenues for the scientific community to develop or improve novel therapeutic approaches to tackle inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, neuroinflammation, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, dermatitis, bowel diseases, cancer. The anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ursolic acid and its therapeutic applications are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Luan
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, 276826, P.R. China
| | - Jiazhen Wang
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Zongliang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
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Li T, Zhang X, Wang H, Li J, Wang H, Zhang X. Development, Physical-Chemical Characterization, and Molecular Docking Simulations of Ursolic Acid-Sodium Alginate Complexes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14311-14319. [PMID: 34797663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to fabricate ursolic acid (UA)-sodium alginate (SA) complexes to improve the dissolution rate and antioxidant abilities. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine) assay and the pyrogallol auto-oxidation method. For the optimal composition ratio of UA:SA (1:5, w/w), the cumulative release of UA was about 101.22 ± 1.50% for 180 min. Powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses confirmed that the crystallinity of UA was significantly reduced by forming complexes with SA. By Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and molecular docking simulations, it was observed that the hydroxyl group in UA formed hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group in SA. The DPPH scavenger activities of the complexes were also increased compared with free UA. The results indicated that SA could serve as a promising carrier for lipophilic functional food ingredients due to improved solubility and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xindi Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinghan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 308 SE Harvard St, Minneapolis, 55455 Minnesota, United States
| | - Hanxun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiangrong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Erdmann J, Kujaciński M, Wiciński M. Beneficial Effects of Ursolic Acid and Its Derivatives-Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Conditions. Nutrients 2021; 13:3900. [PMID: 34836155 PMCID: PMC8622438 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in a number of plants such as apples, thyme, oregano, hawthorn and others. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have presented its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The inhibition of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways and the increased scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in numerous ways seem to be the most beneficial effects of UA. In mice and rats, administration of UA appears to slow down the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially atherosclerosis and cardiac fibrosis. Upregulation of endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and cystathionine-λ-lyase (CSE) by UA may suggest its vasorelaxant property. Inhibition of metalloproteinases activity by UA may contribute to better outcomes in aneurysms management. UA influence on lipid and glucose metabolism remains inconsistent, and additional studies are essential to verify its efficacy. Furthermore, UA derivatives appear to have a beneficial impact on the cardiovascular system. This review aims to summarize recent findings on beneficial effects of UA that may make it a promising candidate for clinical trials for the management of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Erdmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.K.); (M.W.)
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Liang Z, Pan R, Meng X, Su J, Guo Y, Wei G, Zhang Z, He K. Transcriptome study of oleanolic acid in the inhibition of breast tumor growth based on high-throughput sequencing. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22883-22897. [PMID: 34607975 PMCID: PMC8544337 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The function of oleanolic acid (OA) in various types of cancer has been reported frequently, especially for breast cancer. However, the regulation of breast tumor growth in response to OA treatment has not been studied in depth. Here, we first explored the effect of OA treatment on breast tumors in vitro and in vivo and then used RNA-seq technology to study the effect and molecular mechanism of OA treatment of MCF-7 cells, particularly at the level of functional genomics. The results showed that 40 μM OA treatment could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Through analysis of RNA sequencing data quality and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 67 significantly downregulated genes and 260 significantly upregulated genes were identified to be involved in OA treatment of MCF-7 cells. Among these genes, 43 unique DEGs were enriched in several signaling pathways and Gene Ontology terms, such as p53 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathway. Six downregulated genes, including THBS1, EDN1, CACNG4, CCN2, AXIN2 and BMP4, as well as six upregulated genes, including ATF4, SERPINE1, SESN2, PPARGC1A, EGR1 and JAG1, were selected as target genes in response to OA treatment. The inhibitory effect of OA on breast cancer was also found in the following mouse experiments. Our study provides evidence and molecular support for the treatment of breast cancer with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Liang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China.,Harbin Vocational and Technical College, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Ruolan Pan
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Xia Meng
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Jinxing Su
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Kan He
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
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Koyama S, Kondo K, Ueha R, Kashiwadani H, Heinbockel T. Possible Use of Phytochemicals for Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8912. [PMID: 34445619 PMCID: PMC8396277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, is the loss of chemical senses, i.e., smell and taste. Smell training is one of the methods used in facilitating recovery of the olfactory sense, and it uses essential oils of lemon, rose, clove, and eucalyptus. These essential oils were not selected based on their chemical constituents. Although scientific studies have shown that they improve recovery, there may be better combinations for facilitating recovery. Many phytochemicals have bioactive properties with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. In this review, we describe the chemical compounds with anti- inflammatory and anti-viral effects, and we list the plants that contain these chemical compounds. We expand the review from terpenes to the less volatile flavonoids in order to propose a combination of essential oils and diets that can be used to develop a new taste training method, as there has been no taste training so far. Finally, we discuss the possible use of these in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Koyama
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kenji Kondo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Rumi Ueha
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
- Swallowing Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Mou L, Liao L, Zhang Y, Ming D, Jiang J. Ursolic acid ameliorates Nthy-ori 3-1 cells injury induced by IL-1β through limiting MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 ceRNA network and NF-κB signaling pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1141-1156. [PMID: 33452572 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ursolic acid (UA) has exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative drug effects. OBJECTIVES In the research, we assessed the effects of UA on Nthy-ori 3-1 cells stimulated by IL-1β and attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects. METHODS Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) was simulated using Nthy-ori 3-1 cells by IL-1β (10 μM) treatment. UA (20 μM) was applied to ameliorate the injury of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. The target of UA was predicted by TCMSP, BATMAN, and GEO database. Targeted relationship between lncRNA MALAT1 and miR-206, as well as miR-206 and PTGS1, was predicted by bioinformatics software and identified by dual luciferase assays. Cytokines in the cell supernatant and the apoptosis of cells were detected by ELISAs and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Expression levels of NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins were estimated by western blot. RESULTS By enquiring TCMSP, BATMAN, and GEO database, PTGS1 was identified as a target of UA. Afterward, a ceRNA network among MALAT1, miR-206, and PTGS1 was constructed. The expression levels of MALAT1 and PTGS1 in AIT tissues were obviously enhanced. Moreover, the ceRNA network formed by MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 contributed to the damage of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells induced by IL-1β. However, UA ameliorated the Nthy-ori 3-1 cells injury induced by IL-1β through mediating the MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 ceRNA network and NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS UA treatment significantly relieved the injury of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells via inhibiting the ceRNA mechanism of MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 and inflammatory pathways, insinuating that UA may be helpful for the treatment of AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunpan Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Liyan Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Desong Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jianjia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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15
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Li KW, Liang YY, Xie SM, Niu FJ, Guo LY, Liu ZH, Zhou CZ, Wang LZ. Ixeris sonchifolia: a review of its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacology and modern applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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16
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Liu X, Yu J, Zhao J, Guo J, Zhang M, Liu L. Glucose challenge metabolomics implicates the change of organic acid profiles in hyperlipidemic subjects. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4815. [PMID: 32115742 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a major risk factor of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Here, we applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to study differences in postprandial organic acid profiles in healthy and HLP subjects. In fasting status, six intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle showed significant differences in HLP and healthy controls (P < 0.05). The percentage changes of 17 metabolites including three intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly different during the oral glucose tolerance test. Postprandial changes in ethylmalonic acid and pimelic acid were negatively associated with HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; all P < 0.05) in the HLP group. Postprandial metabolism of organic acid profiles revealed energy metabolism perturbations in HLP. Our findings provide new insights into the complex physiological regulation of HLP postprandial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhao
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Mingjia Zhang
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Liu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
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17
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Binding behavior, water solubility and in vitro cytotoxicity of inclusion complexes between ursolic acid and amino-appended β-cyclodextrins. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Li BY, Hu Y, Li J, Shi K, Shen YF, Zhu B, Wang GX. Ursolic acid from Prunella vulgaris L. efficiently inhibits IHNV infection in vitro and in vivo. Virus Res 2019; 273:197741. [PMID: 31494148 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a fish viral pathogen that causes severe disease and huge economic losses in the salmonid aquaculture industry. However, anti-IHNV drugs currently are scarce. For the purpose of seeking out anti-IHNV drugs, the anti-IHNV activities of 32 medicinal plants were investigated by using epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. Among these plants, Prunella vulgaris L. (PVL) showed the strongest inhibition on IHNV replication with an inhibitory percentage of 99.3% at the concentration 100 mg/L. Further studies demonstrated that ursolic acid (UA), a major constituent of PVL, also showed a highly effective anti-IHNV activity. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 72 h of UA on IHNV was 8.0 μM. Besides, UA could significantly decrease cytopathic effect (CPE) and the viral titer induced by IHNV in EPC cells. More importantly, UA also showed a strong anti-IHNV activity in vivo, as indicated by increasing the survival rate of rainbow trout and inhibiting viral gene expression. Intraperitoneal injection of UA increased the relative percentage of survival of rainbow trout by 18.9% and inhibited IHNV glycoprotein mRNA expression by > 90.0% in the spleen at the 1st-day post-infection. Altogether, UA was expected to be a therapeutic agent against IHNV infection in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yang Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Kai Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yu-Feng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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19
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Castellano JM, Garcia-Rodriguez S, Espinosa JM, Millan-Linares MC, Rada M, Perona JS. Oleanolic Acid Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect Against Microglial Cell Activation by Modulating Cytokine Release and Antioxidant Defense Systems. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110683. [PMID: 31683841 PMCID: PMC6921051 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia respond to adverse stimuli in order to restore brain homeostasis and, upon activation, they release a number of inflammatory mediators. Chronic microglial overactivation is related to neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. In this work, we show that oleanolic acid (OA), a natural triterpene present in food and medicinal plants, attenuates the activation of BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell pretreatment with OA inhibited the release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NO, which was associated with the downregulation of the expression of genes encoding for these cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the reinforcement of the endogenous antioxidant cell defense. These findings advocate considering OA as a novel neuroprotective agent to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory response in activated microglia associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Castellano
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Silvia Garcia-Rodriguez
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Juan M Espinosa
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - María C Millan-Linares
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Mirela Rada
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Javier S Perona
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus of the University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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20
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Su Z, Huang P, Ye X, Huang S, Li W, Yan Y, Xu K, Wang J, Chen R. Ropivacaine via nuclear factor kappa B signalling modulates CD62E expression and diminishes tumour cell arrest. J Anesth 2019; 33:685-693. [PMID: 31642986 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-019-02699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The issue whether anaesthesia has an impact on the prognosis of carcinoma has been widely discussed and remains debated. Ropivacaine has been widely used in perioperative period as a long acting local anesthetic. An early event during recurrence or metastasis of carcinoma is the adhesion of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) to endothelial cells (ECs) through binding adhesion molecules that are up-regulated on inflamed endothelium during the perioperative period or other periods. This study was to explore the impact of ropivacaine on the adhesion of tumour cells, providing evidences of its influence on the prognosis of carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pre-treated with ropivacaine (10-7-10-5 M; 30 min) prior to treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) (10 ng ml-1; 1, 4 and 8 h). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial-selectin (CD62E) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA levels were detected via quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). To clarify the underlying action mechanism, p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, IKKα/β and p-IKKα/β protein levels were evaluated via western blotting. Cell viability and tumour cell adhesion assays were also assessed. RESULTS The clinically usage concentration of ropivacaine (10-6 M) produced a significant decrease in CD62E expression compared with that produced by TNFα only (p < 0.001). Moreover, adhesion assays showed that ropivacaine effectively inhibited the adhesion of hepatoma cells (p < 0.01), human colon cancer cells (p < 0.01) and human leukemic monocyte (p < 0.01). Western blot results showed that pre-treatment with ropivacaine inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 (p < 0.05), IκBα (p < 0.001) and IKKα/β (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Ropivacaine decreased the adhesion of tumour cells. Ropivacaine modulated CD62E expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB. These results might provide new insight into the issue whether anaesthesia has an impact on the prognosis of carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zegeng Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yan Jiang Road, 510120, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinbo Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijiu Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yan Jiang Road, 510120, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaibin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yan Jiang Road, 510120, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongcong Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yan Jiang Road, 510120, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Mochizuki M, Uozumi T, Hisaka S, Osawa T. Ursolic Acid and Derivatives Exhibit Anti-atherosclerotic Activity by Inhibiting the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules Induced by TNF-alpha. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.25.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Mochizuki
- Department of Health and Nutrition Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Taichi Uozumi
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences
| | | | - Toshihiko Osawa
- Department of Health and Nutrition Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University
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22
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Lee DH, Lee J, Jeon J, Kim KJ, Yun JH, Jeong HS, Lee EH, Koh YJ, Cho CH. Oleanolic Acids Inhibit Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signaling in Endothelial Cells: Implication for Anti-Angiogenic Therapy. Mol Cells 2018; 41:771-780. [PMID: 30037214 PMCID: PMC6125422 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis must be precisely controlled because uncontrolled angiogenesis is involved in aggravation of disease symptoms. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) signaling is a key pathway leading to angiogenic responses in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Therefore, targeting VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling may be effective at modulating angiogenesis to alleviate various disease symptoms. Oleanolic acid was verified as a VEGFR-2 binding chemical from anticancer herbs with similar binding affinity as a reference drug in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) entry 3CJG of model A coordination. Oleanolic acid effectively inhibited VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activation and angiogenesis in HU-VECs without cytotoxicity. We also verified that oleanolic acid inhibits in vivo angiogenesis during the development and the course of the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) model in the mouse retina. Taken together, our results suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of oleanolic acid for inhibiting angiogenesis in proangiogenic diseases, including retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Lee
- Vascular Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Jungsul Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Cellex Life Science Inc., Daejeon 34051,
Korea
| | - Jongwook Jeon
- The Korean Research Institute of Science, Technology and Civilization, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- Vascular Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Jang-Hyuk Yun
- Vascular Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Han-Seok Jeong
- Vascular Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Eun Hui Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Young Jun Koh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326,
Korea
| | - Chung-Hyun Cho
- Vascular Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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Oleanolic acid acetate attenuates polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 252-253:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Li D, Zhou L, Wang Q, He Y. Determination of organic acids for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs by ion chromatography. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:285. [PMID: 29881663 PMCID: PMC5986664 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coptis herbs are important herbal medicinal materials. The bioactive composition, the quality and medicinal efficacy of these herbs, are determined significantly by their geo-authentic features. Among the effective components of these herbs are seven organic acids (quinic, acetic, formic, tartaric, malic, succinic, and oxalic acids). However, no quantitative data of these seven acids in these herbs are available. Therefore, we developed a method for simultaneous separation and determination of the seven organic acids in Coptis herbs using gradient ion chromatography (mobile phase and gradient were shown in Table 1). The seven acids were separated and determined in no more than 35 min. We found that the organic acid levels in C. teeta was obviously higher than in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea, in particular, the content of quinic acid in C. teeta was about eight times than that in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationships between the contents of organic acids and clinical effects, and found that organic acids (content of total acids or content of quinic acid) could act as an reference ingredient for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs. Our studies would lay the foundation for effective quality evaluation of these herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Lili Zhou
- National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Chengdu, 610021 China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yang He
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
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Yin R, Li T, Tian JX, Xi P, Liu RH. Ursolic acid, a potential anticancer compound for breast cancer therapy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 58:568-574. [PMID: 27469428 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1203755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There are growing interests in the health benefits associated with consumption of fruits and vegetables, especially for the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular, or other chronic diseases. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest that these health benefits are strongly associated with phytochemicals found in fruits and vegetables. Ursolic acid is a naturally synthesized pentacyclic triterpenoid, widely distributed in different fruits and vegetables. Current research suggested that ursolic acid and its derivatives exhibited anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and induction of apoptosis in several human cancer cells. In particular, ursolic acid inhibited breast cancer proliferation by inducing cell G1/G2 arrest and regulating the expression of key proteins in signal transduction pathways. In addition, ursolic acid induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Ursolic acid was also determined to scavenge free radicals and have potent anti-inflammation activity. The purpose of this paper is to review recent literature on anticancer activity of ursolic acid and focus on its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yin
- a Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
| | - Tong Li
- a Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
| | - Jing Xin Tian
- a Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
| | - Pan Xi
- a Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- a Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
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26
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López-Hortas L, Pérez-Larrán P, González-Muñoz MJ, Falqué E, Domínguez H. Recent developments on the extraction and application of ursolic acid. A review. Food Res Int 2018; 103:130-149. [PMID: 29389599 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in herbs, leaves, flowers and fruits; update information on the major natural sources or agro-industrial wastes is presented. Traditional (maceration, Soxhlet and heat reflux) and modern (microwave-, ultrasound-, accelerated solvent- and supercritical fluid) extraction and purification technologies of UA, as well as some patented process, are summarized. The great interest in this bioactive compound is related to the beneficial effects in human health due to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, chemopreventive, cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic activities, and others. UA may augment the resistance of the skin barrier to irritants, prevent dry skin and could be suitable to develop antiaging products. The development of nanocrystals and nanoparticle-based drugs could reduce the side effects of high doses of UA in organisms, and increase its limited solubility and poor bioavailability of UA which limit the potential of this bioactive and the further applications. Commercial patented applications in relation to cosmetical and pharmaceutical uses of UA and its derivatives are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía López-Hortas
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez-Larrán
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - María Jesús González-Muñoz
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Elena Falqué
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Identification of the S100 fused-type protein hornerin as a regulator of tumor vascularity. Nat Commun 2017; 8:552. [PMID: 28916756 PMCID: PMC5601918 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained angiogenesis is essential for the development of solid tumors and metastatic disease. Disruption of signaling pathways that govern tumor vascularity provide a potential avenue to thwart cancer progression. Through phage display-based functional proteomics, immunohistochemical analysis of human pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) specimens, and in vitro validation, we reveal that hornerin, an S100 fused-type protein, is highly expressed on pancreatic tumor endothelium in a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-independent manner. Murine-specific hornerin knockdown in PDAC xenografts results in tumor vessels with decreased radii and tortuosity. Hornerin knockdown tumors have significantly reduced leakiness, increased oxygenation, and greater apoptosis. Additionally, these tumors show a significant reduction in growth, a response that is further heightened when therapeutic inhibition of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is utilized in combination with hornerin knockdown. These results indicate that hornerin is highly expressed in pancreatic tumor endothelium and alters tumor vessel parameters through a VEGF-independent mechanism.Angiogenesis is essential for solid tumor progression. Here, the authors interrogate the proteome of pancreatic cancer endothelium via phage display and identify hornerin as a critical protein whose expression is essential to maintain the pancreatic cancer vasculature through a VEGF-independent mechanism.
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Silva RHM, Lima NDFM, Lopes AJO, Vasconcelos CC, de Mesquita JWC, de Mesquita LSS, Lima FCVM, Ribeiro MNDS, Ramos RM, Cartágenes MDSDS, Garcia JBS. Antinociceptive Activity of Borreria verticillata: In vivo and In silico Studies. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:283. [PMID: 28588488 PMCID: PMC5439013 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey. known vassourinha has antibacterial, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, antioxidative, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory, however, its antinociceptive action requires further studies. Aim of the study evaluated the antinociceptive activity of B. verticillata hydroalcoholic extract (EHBv) and ethyl acetate fraction (FAc) by in vivo and in silico studies. In vivo assessment included the paw edema test, writhing test, formalin test and tail flick test. Wistar rats and Swiss mice were divided into 6 groups and given the following treatments oral: 0.9% NaCl control group (CTRL), 10 mg/kg memantine (MEM), 10 mg/kg indomethacin (INDO), 500 mg/kg EHBv (EHBv 500), 25 mg/kg FAc (FAc 25) and 50 mg/kg FAc (FAc 50). EHBv, FAc 25 and 50 treatments exhibited anti-edematous and peripheral antinociceptive effects. For in silico assessment, compounds identified in FAc were subjected to molecular docking with COX-2, GluN1a and GluN2B. Ursolic acid (UA) was the compound with best affinity parameters (binding energy and inhibition constant) for COX-2, GluN1a, GluN2B, and was selected for further analysis with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In MD simulations, UA exhibited highly frequent interactions with residues Arg120 and Glu524 in the COX-2 active site and NMDA, whereby it might prevent COX-2 and NMDA receptor activation. Treatment with UA 10 mg/Kg showed peripheral and central antinociceptive effect. The antinociceptive effect of B. verticillata might be predominantly attributed to peripheral actions, including the participation of anti-inflammatory components. Ursolic acid is the main active component and seems to be a promising source of COX-2 inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa H M Silva
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Nathália de Fátima M Lima
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Alberto J O Lopes
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Cleydlenne C Vasconcelos
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - José W C de Mesquita
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla S S de Mesquita
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Fernando C V M Lima
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Maria N de S Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M Ramos
- Research Laboratory Information Systems, Department of Information, Environment, Health and Food Production, Federal Institute of PiauíTeresina, Brazil
| | | | - João B S Garcia
- Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Federal University of MaranhãoSão Luís, Brazil
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Cargnin ST, Gnoatto SB. Ursolic acid from apple pomace and traditional plants: A valuable triterpenoid with functional properties. Food Chem 2017; 220:477-489. [PMID: 27855928 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apple juice production generates a large amount of residue comprising mainly peels, seeds, and pulp, known as apple pomace. In the global context, Brazil ranks 11th in apple production and thousands of tons of apple pomace are produced every year. This by-product is little explored, since it is a rich and heterogeneous mixture, containing interesting phytochemical groups. Among them, ursolic acid (UA) has attracted attention because of its therapeutic potential. UA is a pentacyclic triterpene found too in several traditional plants, and has shown several functional properties such as antibacterial, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory and antitumor. Therefore, this review attempts to shed some light on the economical viability of apple and apple pomace as sources of bioactive compounds, highlighting the UA extraction, and its main functional properties published in the last 5years (2010-2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Tasca Cargnin
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Simone Baggio Gnoatto
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Peng HB, Wang RX, Deng HJ, Wang YH, Tang JD, Cao FY, Wang JH. Protective effects of oleanolic acid on oxidative stress and the expression of cytokines and collagen by the AKT/NF-κB pathway in silicotic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3121-3128. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yoon JJ, Lee YJ, Han BH, Choi ES, Kho MC, Park JH, Ahn YM, Kim HY, Kang DG, Lee HS. Protective effect of betulinic acid on early atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein-E gene knockout mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 796:224-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ren Y, Liu Y, Yang Z, Niu R, Gao K, Yang B, Liao X, Zhang J. Solid inclusion complexes of oleanolic acid with amino-appended β-cyclodextrins (ACDs): Preparation, characterization, water solubility and anticancer activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:68-76. [PMID: 27612690 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid acid of natural abundance in plants which possesses important biological activities. However, its medicinal applications were severely impeded by the poor water solubility and resultant low bioavailability and potency. In this work, studies on solid inclusion complexes of OA with a series of amino-appended β-cyclodextrins (ACDs) were conducted in order to address this issue. These complexes were prepared by suspension method and were well characterized by NMR, SEM, XRD, TG, DSC and Zeta potential measurement. The 2:1 inclusion mode of ACDs/OA complexes was elucidated by elaborate 2D NMR (ROESY). Besides, water solubility of OA was dramatically promoted by inclusion complexation with ACDs. Moreover, in vitro anticancer activities of OA against human cancer cell lines HepG2, HT29 and HCT116 were significantly enhanced after formation of inclusion complexes, while the apoptotic response results indicated their induction of apoptosis of cancer cells. This could provide a novel approach to development of novel pharmaceutical formulations of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Ren
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhikuan Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Raomei Niu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiali Liao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Care and Quality Management, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China.
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Kashyap D, Tuli HS, Sharma AK. Ursolic acid (UA): A metabolite with promising therapeutic potential. Life Sci 2016; 146:201-13. [PMID: 26775565 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants are known to produce a variety of bioactive metabolites which are being used to cure various life threatening and chronic diseases. The molecular mechanism of action of such bioactive molecules, may open up new avenues for the scientific community to develop or improve novel therapeutic approaches to tackle dreadful diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Ursolic acid (UA) is one among the categories of such plant-based therapeutic metabolites having multiple intracellular and extracellular targets that play role in apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis and inflammatory processes. Moreover, the synthetic derivatives of UA have also been seen to be involved in a range of pharmacological applications, which are associated with prevention of diseases. Evidences suggest that UA could be used as a potential candidate to develop a comprehensive competent strategy towards the treatment and prevention of health disorders. The review article herein describes the possible therapeutic effects of UA along with putative mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
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Protective Effects of L-Malate against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3803657. [PMID: 26941825 PMCID: PMC4752987 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3803657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the protective effects of L-malate against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham (sham), an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model group (model), an DMF pretreated group (DMF), and 5 L-malate pretreated groups (15, 60, 120, 240, or 480 mg/kg, gavage) before inducing myocardial ischemia. Plasma LDH, cTn-I, TNF-α, hs-CRP, SOD, and GSH-PX were measured 3 h later I/R. Areas of myocardial infarction were measured; hemodynamic parameters during I/R were recorded. Hearts were harvested and Western blot was used to quantify Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, and NQO-1 expression in the myocardium. Results. L-malate significantly reduced LDH and cTn-I release, reduced myocardial infarct size, inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines, and partially preserved heart function, as well as increasing antioxidant activity after myocardial I/R injury. Western blot confirmed that L-malate reduced Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 in ischemic myocardial tissue, upregulated expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, which are major targets of Nrf2. Conclusions. L-malate may protect against myocardial I/R injury in rats and this may be associated with activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway.
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Jamal M, Imam SS, Aqil M, Amir M, Mir SR, Mujeeb M. Transdermal potential and anti-arthritic efficacy of ursolic acid from niosomal gel systems. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:361-369. [PMID: 26545446 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to optimize niosomes by experimental design for enhanced transdermal delivery of ursolic acid for the effective treatment of arthritis. The experimental design (3 factor 3 levels, Box-Behnken design) was used to study individual and combined effects of different formulation variables. The variables cholesterol (X1), span 60 (X2) and phospholipid (X3) were taken as independent factors and their effect was observed on size (Y1) entrapment efficiency (Y2), and transflux (Y3). The formulation composition with span 60 (85mg), cholesterol (12.3mg), and phospholipid (65mg) was found to fulfil requisites of optimized ursolic acid niosome formulation (URNF). URNF had shown vesicle size of 665.45nm, entrapment efficiency of 92.74% with transflux of 17.25μg/cm(2)/h. The in vivo bioactivity showed that the prepared URNF-gel was able to provide good anti-arthritic activity due to enhanced permeation of UA through the skin and results were found to be comparable to standard gel (Omni gel). The radiographical image confirmed that, the developed URNF-gel was found to be effective to treat arthritis. Thus niosomal gel of ursolic acid would be a promising alternative to conventional therapy for safe and efficient treatment of arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvish Jamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mohd Amir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaukat R Mir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.
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Haarberg KMK, Wymore Brand MJ, Overstreet AMC, Hauck CC, Murphy PA, Hostetter JM, Ramer-Tait AE, Wannemuehler MJ. Orally administered extract from Prunella vulgaris attenuates spontaneous colitis in mdr1a -/- mice. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2015; 6:223-237. [PMID: 26558156 PMCID: PMC4635162 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v6.i4.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the ability of a Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) ethanolic extract to attenuate spontaneous typhlocolitis in mdr1a-/- mice.
METHODS: Vehicle (5% ethanol) or P. vulgaris ethanolic extract (2.4 mg/d) were administered daily by oral gavage to mdr1a-/- or wild type FVBWT mice from 6 wk of age up to 20 wk of age. Clinical signs of disease were noted by monitoring weight loss. Mice experiencing weight loss in excess of 15% were removed from the study. At the time mice were removed from the study, blood and colon tissue were collected for analyses that included histological evaluation of lesions, inflammatory cytokine levels, and myeloperoxidase activity.
RESULTS: Administration of P. vulgaris extracts to mdr1a-/- mice delayed onset of colitis and reduced severity of mucosal inflammation when compared to vehicle-treated mdr1a-/- mice. Oral administration of the P. vulgaris extract resulted in reduced (P < 0.05) serum levels of IL-10 (4.6 ± 2 vs 19.4 ± 4), CXCL9 (1319.0 ± 277 vs 3901.0 ± 858), and TNFα (9.9 ± 3 vs 14.8 ± 1) as well as reduced gene expression by more than two-fold for Ccl2, Ccl20, Cxcl1, Cxcl9, IL-1α, Mmp10, VCAM-1, ICAM, IL-2, and TNFα in the colonic mucosa of mdr1a-/- mice compared to vehicle-treated mdr1a-/- mice. Histologically, several microscopic parameters were reduced (P < 0.05) in P. vulgaris-treated mdr1a-/- mice, as was myeloperoxidase activity in the colon (2.49 ± 0.16 vs 3.36 ± 0.06, P < 0.05). The numbers of CD4+ T cells (2031.9 ± 412.1 vs 5054.5 ± 809.5) and germinal center B cells (2749.6 ± 473.7 vs 4934.0 ± 645.9) observed in the cecal tonsils of P. vulgaris-treated mdr1a-/- were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) from vehicle-treated mdr1a-/- mice. Vehicle-treated mdr1a-/- mice were found to produce serum antibodies to antigens derived from members of the intestinal microbiota, indicative of severe colitis and a loss of adaptive tolerance to the members of the microbiota. These serum antibodies were greatly reduced or absent in P. vulgaris-treated mdr1a-/- mice.
CONCLUSION: The anti-inflammatory activity of P. vulgaris ethanolic extract effectively attenuated the severity of intestinal inflammation in mdr1a-/- mice.
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Jeon SJ, Park HJ, Gao Q, Pena IJD, Park SJ, Lee HE, Woo H, Kim HJ, Cheong JH, Hong E, Ryu JH. Ursolic acid enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors via GABAergic neurotransmission in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:443-8. [PMID: 26102564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris is widely used as a herbal medicine for cancers, inflammatory diseases, and other infections. Although it has long been used, few studies have examined its effects on central nervous system function. Here, we first observed that ethanolic extracts of P. vulgaris (EEPV) prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleep duration in mice. It is known that EEPV consists of many active components including triterpenoid (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid), which have many biological activities. Therefore, we evaluated which EEPV components induced sleep extension in pentobarbital-mediated sleeping model in mice. Surprisingly, despite their structural similarity and other common functions such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and tissue protection, only ursolic acid enhanced sleep duration in pentobarbital-treated mice. These results were attenuated by bicuculline treatment, which is a GABAA receptor antagonist. The present results suggest that ursolic acid from P. vulgaris enhances sleep duration through GABAA receptor activation and could be a therapeutic candidate for insomnia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Park
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingtao Gao
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Joy Dela Pena
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Hong
- Natraceutical & Functional Foods Center, CJ Foods R&D, Seoul 152-051, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Kyunghee-daero 26, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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Oleanolic Acid Induces Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells to Neurons: An Involvement of Transcription Factor Nkx-2.5. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:672312. [PMID: 26240574 PMCID: PMC4512619 DOI: 10.1155/2015/672312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) harbor the potential to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes under normal conditions and/or in response to tissue damage. NSCs open a new way of treatment of the injured central nervous system and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus far, few drugs have been developed for controlling NSC functions. Here, the effect as well as mechanism of oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, on NSC function was investigated. We found OA significantly inhibited neurosphere formation in a dose-dependent manner and achieved a maximum effect at 10 nM. OA also reduced 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation into NSCs, which was indicative of inhibited NSC proliferation. Western blotting analysis revealed the protein levels of neuron-specific marker tubulin-βIII (TuJ1) and Mash1 were increased whilst the astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) decreased. Immunofluorescence analysis showed OA significantly elevated the percentage of TuJ1-positive cells and reduced GFAP-positive cells. Using DNA microarray analysis, 183 genes were differentially regulated by OA. Through transcription factor binding site analyses of the upstream regulatory sequences of these genes, 87 genes were predicted to share a common motif for Nkx-2.5 binding. Finally, small interfering RNA (siRNA) methodology was used to silence Nkx-2.5 expression and found silence of Nkx-2.5 alone did not change the expression of TuJ-1 and the percentage of TuJ-1-positive cells. But in combination of OA treatment and silence of Nkx-2.5, most effects of OA on NSCs were abolished. These results indicated that OA is an effective inducer for NSCs differentiation into neurons at least partially by Nkx-2.5-dependent mechanism.
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Han SK, Kim YG, Kang HC, Huh JR, Kim JY, Baek NI, Lee DK, Lee DG. Oleanolic acid from Fragaria ananassa calyx leads to inhibition of α-MSH-induced melanogenesis in B16-F10 melanoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-014-4225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu J, Zheng L, Ma L, Wang B, Zhao Y, Wu N, Liu G, Lin X. Oleanolic acid inhibits proliferation and invasiveness of Kras-transformed cells via autophagy. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:1154-1160. [PMID: 25172632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) has been widely studied because of its pleiotropic therapeutic and preventive effect on various diseases. However, the mechanisms of OA's action are still not clear yet, especially its suppressing effect on transformed cells. In this work, we found that OA induced autophagy in normal tissue-derived cells without cytotoxicity. OA-induced autophagy was shown to decrease the proliferation of KRAS-transformed normal cells and to impair their invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Interrupting autophagy rescued OA's effect on the transformed cells. Mouse model experiments also demonstrated that OA suppressed the growth of KRAS-transformed breast epithelial cell MCF10A-derived tumor xenograft by inducing autophagy. Finally, we identified that OA induced autophagy in normal cells by inhibiting the activation of Akt/mTOR/S6K signaling. In conclusions, we found that OA treatment permitted normal cells to undergo autophagy. The induced autophagy was required for OA to prevent or delay the growth of transformed normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lanhong Zheng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Leina Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Youguang Zhao
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ge Liu
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Institutes of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Capital Med. University, Dept. of Pharmacology, Beijing 100069, China.
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41
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Soica C, Oprean C, Borcan F, Danciu C, Trandafirescu C, Coricovac D, Crăiniceanu Z, Dehelean CA, Munteanu M. The synergistic biologic activity of oleanolic and ursolic acids in complex with hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin. Molecules 2014; 19:4924-40. [PMID: 24747649 PMCID: PMC6271422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19044924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic and ursolic acids are natural triterpenic compounds with pentacyclic cholesterol-like structures which gives them very low water solubility, a significant disadvantage in terms of bioavailability. We previously reported the synthesis of inclusion complexes between these acids and cyclodextrins, as well as their in vivo evaluation on chemically induced skin cancer experimental models. In this study the synergistic activity of the acid mixture included inside hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin (HPGCD) was monitored using in vitro tests and in vivo skin cancer models. The coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) was used to characterize the interactions as synergism, additivity or antagonism. Our results revealed an increased antitumor activity for the mixture of the two triterpenic acids, both single and in complex with cyclodextrin, thus proving their complementary biologic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Codruţa Soica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Florin Borcan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Corina Danciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Cristina Trandafirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Zorin Crăiniceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timişoara 300041, Romania.
| | - Melania Munteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Sanitary Chemistry, "Vasile Goldis" University, 1 Feleacului Str., Arad 310396, Romania.
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42
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Mitsuda S, Yokomichi T, Yokoigawa J, Kataoka T. Ursolic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins and induces accumulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 linked to high-mannose-type glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Open Bio 2014; 4:229-39. [PMID: 24649404 PMCID: PMC3958921 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid inhibits cell-surface expression of ICAM-1. Ursolic acid induces accumulation of high-mannose-type ICAM-1 in ER. Ursolic acid induces morphological changes of Golgi apparatus. Ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins.
Ursolic acid (3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that is present in many plants, including medicinal herbs, and foods. Ursolic acid was initially identified as an inhibitor of the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in response to interleukin-1α (IL-1α). We report here a novel biological activity: ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins. Ursolic acid markedly inhibited the IL-1α-induced cell-surface ICAM-1 expression in human cancer cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. By contrast, ursolic acid exerted weak inhibitory effects on the IL-1α-induced ICAM-1 expression at the protein level. Surprisingly, we found that ursolic acid decreased the apparent molecular weight of ICAM-1 and altered the structures of N-linked oligosaccharides bound to ICAM-1. Ursolic acid induced the accumulation of ICAM-1 in the endoplasmic reticulum, which was linked mainly to high-mannose-type glycans. Moreover, in ursolic-acid-treated cells, the Golgi apparatus was fragmented into pieces and distributed over the cells. Thus, our results reveal that ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins and induces the accumulation of ICAM-1 linked to high-mannose-type glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Key Words
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- Endo H, endoglycosidase H
- Glycosylation
- Golgi apparatus
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IL-1, interleukin-1
- Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- Intracellular trafficking
- IκB, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PNGase F, peptide: N-glycosidase F
- Ursolic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Mitsuda
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Yokomichi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Junpei Yokoigawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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43
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Eloy JO, Marchetti JM. Solid dispersions containing ursolic acid in Poloxamer 407 and PEG 6000: A comparative study of fusion and solvent methods. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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44
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ZHANG SHUYA, HAN LIYA, ZHANG HONG, XIN HAILIANG. Chaenomeles speciosa: A review of chemistry and pharmacology. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:12-18. [PMID: 24649061 PMCID: PMC3917013 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa, Rosaceae family) is an effective medicinal plant, which has long been used in China to treat various diseases, such as rheumatism, cholera, dysentery, enteritis, beriberi and vitamin C deficiency syndrome. A series of chemical constituents, including triterpenoid, phenolic and phenylpropionic acids, flavonoids, saccharides, essential oils and alkaloids, have been isolated from this plant and some have already been evaluated for their biological activities. Pharmacological investigations demonstrated that C. speciosa possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, antiparkinsonian, hepatoprotective and antitumor properties. The objective of this review was to summarise available up-to-date and comprehensive information on C. speciosa and provide a relevant reference for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- SHU-YA ZHANG
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - LI-YA HAN
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - HONG ZHANG
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - HAI-LIANG XIN
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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45
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Kamble SM, Goyal SN, Patil CR. Multifunctional pentacyclic triterpenoids as adjuvants in cancer chemotherapy: a review. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02784a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective adjuvants in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika M. Kamble
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
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46
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Castellano JM, Guinda A, Delgado T, Rada M, Cayuela JA. Biochemical basis of the antidiabetic activity of oleanolic acid and related pentacyclic triterpenes. Diabetes 2013; 62:1791-9. [PMID: 23704520 PMCID: PMC3661625 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA), a natural component of many plant food and medicinal herbs, is endowed with a wide range of pharmacological properties whose therapeutic potential has only partly been exploited until now. Throughout complex and multifactorial mechanisms, OA exerts beneficial effects against diabetes and metabolic syndrome. It improves insulin response, preserves functionality and survival of β-cells, and protects against diabetes complications. OA may directly modulate enzymes connected to insulin biosynthesis, secretion, and signaling. However, its major contributions appear to be derived from the interaction with important transduction pathways, and many of its effects are consistently related to activation of the transcription factor Nrf2. Doing that, OA induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes and phase II response genes, blocks NF-κB, and represses the polyol pathway, AGEs production, and hyperlipidemia. The management of type 2 diabetes requires an integrated approach, which includes the early intervention to prevent or delay the disease progression, and the use of therapies to control glycemia and lipidemia in its late stages. In this sense, the use of functional foods or drugs containing OA is, undoubtedly, an interesting path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Castellano
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville, Spain.
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47
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The cardioprotective effects of citric Acid and L-malic Acid on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:820695. [PMID: 23737849 PMCID: PMC3666396 DOI: 10.1155/2013/820695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids in Chinese herbs, the long-neglected components, have been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet aggregation activities; thus they may have potentially protective effect on ischemic heart disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the protective effects of two organic acids, that is, citric acid and L-malic acid, which are the main components of Fructus Choerospondiatis, on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms. In in vivo rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, we found that treatments with citric acid and L-malic acid significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, serum levels of TNF-α, and platelet aggregation. In vitro experiments revealed that both citric acid and L-malic acid significantly reduced LDH release, decreased apoptotic rate, downregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, and upregulated the expression of phosphorylated Akt in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. These results suggest that both citric acid and L-malic acid have protective effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury; the underlying mechanism may be related to their anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet aggregation and direct cardiomyocyte protective effects. These results also demonstrate that organic acids, besides flavonoids, may also be the major active ingredient of Fructus Choerospondiatis responsible for its cardioprotective effects and should be attached great importance in the therapy of ischemic heart disease.
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48
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de Oliveira Eloy J, Saraiva J, de Albuquerque S, Marchetti JM. Solid dispersion of ursolic acid in Gelucire 50/13: a strategy to enhance drug release and trypanocidal activity. AAPS PharmSciTech 2012; 13:1436-45. [PMID: 23070562 PMCID: PMC3513474 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid dispersions (SDs) are an approach to increasing the water solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic drugs such as ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid with trypanocidal activity. In this work, Gelucire 50/13, a surfactant compound with permeability-enhancing properties, and silicon dioxide, a drying adjuvant, were employed to produce SDs with UA. SDs and physical mixtures (PMs) in different drug/carrier ratios were characterized and compared using differential scanning calorimetry, hot stage microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size, water solubility values, and dissolution profiles. Moreover, LLC-MK2 fibroblast cytotoxicity and trypanocidal activity evaluation were performed to determine the potential of SD as a strategy to improve UA efficacy against Chagas disease. The results demonstrated the conversion of UA from the crystalline to the amorphous state through XRD. FTIR experiments provided evidence of intermolecular interactions among the drug and carriers through carbonyl peak broadening in the SDs. These findings helped explain the enhancement of water solubility from 75.98 μg/mL in PMs to 293.43 μg/mL in SDs and the faster drug release into aqueous media compared with pure UA or PMs, which was maintained after 6 months at room temperature. Importantly, improved SD dissolution was accompanied by higher UA activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, but not against mammalian fibroblasts, enhancing the potential of UA for Chagas disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josimar de Oliveira Eloy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Saraiva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sergio de Albuquerque
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Maldonado Marchetti
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
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49
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Agiomyrgianaki A, Dais P. Simultaneous determination of phenolic compounds and triterpenic acids in oregano growing wild in Greece by 31P NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2012; 50:739-48. [PMID: 23001915 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
(31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to detect and quantify simultaneously a large number of phenolic compounds and the two triterpenic acids, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, extracted from two oregano species Origanum onites and Origanum vulgare ssp. Hirtum using two different organic solvents ethanol and ethyl acetate. This analytical method is based on the derivatization of the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of these compounds with the phosphorous reagent 2-chloro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxa phospholane and the identification of the phosphitylated compounds on the basis of the (31)P chemical shifts. Unambiguous assignment of the (31)P NMR chemical shifts of the dihydroxy- and polyhydroxy-phenols in oregano species as well as those of the triterpenic acids was achieved upon comparison with the chemical shifts of model compounds assigned by using two-dimensional NMR techniques. Furthermore, the integration of the appropriate signals of the hydroxyl derivatives in the corresponding (31)P NMR spectra and the use of the phosphitylated cyclohexanol as an internal standard allowed the quantification of these compounds. The validity of this technique for quantitative measurements was thoroughly examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Agiomyrgianaki
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 71003 Hraklion, Crete, Greece
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50
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Zeller I, Wiedemann D, Schwaiger S, Stelzmüller M, Kreutmayer S, Leberfing O, Stuppner H, Bernhard D. Inhibition of cell surface expression of endothelial adhesion molecules by ursolic acid prevents intimal hyperplasia of venous bypass grafts in rats. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 42:878-84. [PMID: 22551965 PMCID: PMC3523388 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite rapid progress in surgical techniques, there is still a significant lack of surgery-supportive pharmacological treatments. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that ursolic acid (UA) may prevent intimal hyperplasia of venous bypass grafts. METHODS The hypothesis was tested by means of primary cell isolation and culture followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses, as well as an in vivo rat model for intimal hyperplasia of venous bypass grafts and immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. RESULTS The local application of UA significantly inhibited intimal hyperplasia in vivo (intimal thickness control: 25 µm, UA group: 18 µM-8 weeks after surgery). The UA treatment of grafts significantly resulted in reduced endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression, reduced infiltration of the grafts vessel wall by CD45-positive cells and increased smooth muscle cell (SMC) death. In in vitro condition, it could be shown that UA inhibits VCAM-1 expression downstream of NFκB and is likely to interfere with VCAM-1 protein synthesis in endothelial cells. Quantification of cell death in vascular smooth muscle cells treated with UA indicated that UA is a potent inducer of SMC apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that UA-mediated inhibition of endothelial VCAM-1 expression reduces the infiltration of venous bypass grafts by CD45-positive cells and inhibits intimal hyperplasia. Apoptosis induction in SMCs may be another method in which UA reduces intimal thickening. UA may constitute a surgery-supportive pharmacon that reduces intimal hyperplasia of vein grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Zeller
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Wiedemann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marlies Stelzmüller
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Kreutmayer
- Division of Experimental Pathophysiology and Immunology, Innsbruck Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oliver Leberfing
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Bernhard
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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