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Argentato PP, Marchesi JAP, Dejani NN, Nakandakare PY, Teles LDFDS, Batista LPR, Leitão MPC, Luzia LA, Ramos ES, Rondó PH. The relationship between obesity-related H19DMR methylation and H19 and IGF2 gene expression on offspring growth and body composition. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1170411. [PMID: 37810933 PMCID: PMC10552537 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1170411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Imprinted genes are important for the offspring development. To assess the relationship between obesity-related H19DMR methylation and H19 and IGF2 gene expression and offspring growth and body composition. Methods Thirty-nine overweight/obese and 25 normal weight pregnant women were selected from the "Araraquara Cohort Study" according to their pre-pregnancy BMI. Fetal growth and body composition and newborn growth were assessed, respectively, by ultrasound and anthropometry. The methylation of H19DMR in maternal blood, cord blood, maternal decidua and placental villi tissues was evaluated by methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease qPCR, and H19 and IGF2 expression by relative real-time PCR quantification. Multiple linear regression models explored the associations of DNA methylation and gene expression with maternal, fetal, and newborn parameters. Results H19DMR was less methylated in maternal blood of the overweight/obese group. There were associations of H19DMR methylation in cord blood with centiles of fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) and abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and newborn head circumference (HC); H19DMR methylation in maternal decidua with fetal occipitofrontal diameter (OFD), HC, and length; H19DMR methylation in placental villi with fetal OFD, HC and abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and with newborn HC. H19 expression in maternal decidua was associated with fetal BPD and femur length centiles and in placental villi with fetal OFD and subcutaneous arm fat. IGF2 expression in maternal decidua was associated with fetal BPD and in placental villi with fetal OFD. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate associations of imprinted genes variations at the maternal-fetal interface of the placenta and in cord blood with fetal body composition, supporting the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in offspring growth and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Pizzi Argentato
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Naiara Naiana Dejani
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Liania Alves Luzia
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Silveira Ramos
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Helen Rondó
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Juchniewicz P, Kloska A, Portalska K, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J, Węgrzyn G, Liss J, Głodek P, Tukaj S, Piotrowska E. X-chromosome inactivation patterns depend on age and tissue but not conception method in humans. Chromosome Res 2023; 31:4. [PMID: 36695960 PMCID: PMC9877087 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-023-09717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Female somatic X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) balances the X-linked transcriptional dosages between the sexes, randomly silencing the maternal or paternal X chromosome in each cell of 46,XX females. Skewed XCI toward one parental X has been observed in association with ageing and in some female carriers of X-linked diseases. To address the problem of non-random XCI, we quantified the XCI skew in different biological samples of naturally conceived females of different age groups and girls conceived after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Generally, XCI skew differed between saliva, blood, and buccal swabs, while saliva and blood had the most similar XCI patterns in individual females. XCI skew increased with age in saliva, but not in other tissues. We showed no significant differences in the XCI patterns in tissues of naturally conceived and IVF females. The gene expression profile of the placenta and umbilical cord blood was determined depending on the XCI pattern. The increased XCI skewing in the placental tissue was associated with the differential expression of several genes out of 40 considered herein. Notably, skewed XCI patterns (> 80:20) were identified with significantly increased expression levels of four genes: CD44, KDM6A, PHLDA2, and ZRSR2. The differences in gene expression patterns between samples with random and non-random XCI may shed new light on factors contributing to the XCI pattern outcome and indicate new paths in future research on the phenomenon of XCI skewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Juchniewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Kloska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Portalska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Liss
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland ,Research and Development Center, INVICTA, Sopot, Poland
| | - Piotr Głodek
- Research and Development Center, INVICTA, Sopot, Poland
| | - Stefan Tukaj
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Piotrowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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3
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Jima DD, Skaar DA, Planchart A, Motsinger-Reif A, Cevik SE, Park SS, Cowley M, Wright F, House J, Liu A, Jirtle RL, Hoyo C. Genomic map of candidate human imprint control regions: the imprintome. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1920-1943. [PMID: 35786392 PMCID: PMC9665137 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2091815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Imprinted genes – critical for growth, metabolism, and neuronal function – are expressed from one parental allele. Parent-of-origin-dependent CpG methylation regulates this expression at imprint control regions (ICRs). Since ICRs are established before tissue specification, these methylation marks are similar across cell types. Thus, they are attractive for investigating the developmental origins of adult diseases using accessible tissues, but remain unknown. We determined genome-wide candidate ICRs in humans by performing whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) of DNA derived from the three germ layers and from gametes. We identified 1,488 hemi-methylated candidate ICRs, including 19 of 25 previously characterized ICRs (https://humanicr.org/). Gamete methylation approached 0% or 100% in 332 ICRs (178 paternally and 154 maternally methylated), supporting parent-of-origin-specific methylation, and 65% were in well-described CTCF-binding or DNaseI hypersensitive regions. This draft of the human imprintome will allow for the systematic determination of the role of early-acquired imprinting dysregulation in the pathogenesis of human diseases and developmental and behavioural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje D Jima
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - David A Skaar
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Antonio Planchart
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alison Motsinger-Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sebnem E Cevik
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sarah S Park
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Michael Cowley
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Fred Wright
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John House
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Andy Liu
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Randy L Jirtle
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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4
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Gutherz OR, Deyssenroth M, Li Q, Hao K, Jacobson JL, Chen J, Jacobson SW, Carter RC. Potential roles of imprinted genes in the teratogenic effects of alcohol on the placenta, somatic growth, and the developing brain. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113919. [PMID: 34752786 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite several decades of research and prevention efforts, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) remain the most common preventable cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities worldwide. Animal and human studies have implicated fetal alcohol-induced alterations in epigenetic programming as a chief mechanism in FASD. Several studies have demonstrated fetal alcohol-related alterations in methylation and expression of imprinted genes in placental, brain, and embryonic tissue. Imprinted genes are epigenetically regulated in a parent-of-origin-specific manner, in which only the maternal or paternal allele is expressed, and the other allele is silenced. The chief functions of imprinted genes are in placental development, somatic growth, and neurobehavior-three domains characteristically affected in FASD. In this review, we summarize the growing body of literature characterizing prenatal alcohol-related alterations in imprinted gene methylation and/or expression and discuss potential mechanistic roles for these alterations in the teratogenic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Future research is needed to examine potential physiologic mechanisms by which alterations in imprinted genes disrupt development in FASD, which may, in turn, elucidate novel targets for intervention. Furthermore, mechanistic alterations in imprinted gene expression and/or methylation in FASD may inform screening assays that identify individuals with FASD neurobehavioral deficits who may benefit from early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Gutherz
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa
| | - R Colin Carter
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America.
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5
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Xu J, Shu Y, Yao G, Zhang Y, Niu W, Zhang Y, Ma X, Jin H, Zhang F, Shi S, Wang Y, Song W, Dai S, Cheng L, Zhang X, Xie W, Hsueh AJ, Sun Y. Parental methylome reprogramming in human uniparental blastocysts reveals germline memory transition. Genome Res 2021; 31:1519-1530. [PMID: 34330789 PMCID: PMC8415376 DOI: 10.1101/gr.273318.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Uniparental embryos derived from only the mother (gynogenetic [GG]) or the father (androgenetic [AG]) are unique models for studying genomic imprinting and parental contributions to embryonic development. Human parthenogenetic embryos can be obtained following artificial activation of unfertilized oocytes, but the production of AG embryos by injection of two sperm into one denucleated oocyte leads to an extra centriole, resulting in multipolar spindles, abnormal cell division, and developmental defects. Here, we improved androgenote production by transferring the male pronucleus from one zygote into another haploid androgenote to prevent extra centrioles and successfully generated human diploid AG embryos capable of developing into blastocysts with an identifiable inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). The GG embryos were also generated. The zygotic genome was successfully activated in both the AG and GG embryos. DNA methylome analysis showed that the GG blastocysts partially retain the oocyte transcription-dependent methylation pattern, whereas the AG blastocyst methylome showed more extensive demethylation. The methylation states of most known imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were recapitulated in the AG and GG blastocysts. Novel candidate imprinted DMRs were also identified. The production of uniparental human embryos followed by transcriptome and methylome analysis is valuable for identifying parental contributions and epigenome memory transitions during early human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yimin Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Guidong Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenbin Niu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yile Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xueshan Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Haixia Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Fuli Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Senlin Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wenyan Song
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Shanjun Dai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Luyao Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aaron J Hsueh
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
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6
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Migliore L, Nicolì V, Stoccoro A. Gender Specific Differences in Disease Susceptibility: The Role of Epigenetics. Biomedicines 2021; 9:652. [PMID: 34200989 PMCID: PMC8228628 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many complex traits or diseases, such as infectious and autoimmune diseases, cancer, xenobiotics exposure, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the outcome of vaccination, show a differential susceptibility between males and females. In general, the female immune system responds more efficiently to pathogens. However, this can lead to over-reactive immune responses, which may explain the higher presence of autoimmune diseases in women, but also potentially the more adverse effects of vaccination in females compared with in males. Many clinical and epidemiological studies reported, for the SARS-CoV-2 infection, a gender-biased differential response; however, the majority of reports dealt with a comparable morbidity, with males, however, showing higher COVID-19 adverse outcomes. Although gender differences in immune responses have been studied predominantly within the context of sex hormone effects, some other mechanisms have been invoked: cellular mosaicism, skewed X chromosome inactivation, genes escaping X chromosome inactivation, and miRNAs encoded on the X chromosome. The hormonal hypothesis as well as other mechanisms will be examined and discussed in the light of the most recent epigenetic findings in the field, as the concept that epigenetics is the unifying mechanism in explaining gender-specific differences is increasingly emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolì
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
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7
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Wang C, Plusquin M, Ghantous A, Herceg Z, Alfano R, Cox B, Nawrot TS. DNA methylation of insulin-like growth factor 2 and H19 cluster in cord blood and prenatal air pollution exposure to fine particulate matter. Environ Health 2020; 19:129. [PMID: 33287817 PMCID: PMC7720562 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2) and H19 gene cluster plays an important role during pregnancy as it promotes both foetal and placental growth. We investigated the association between cord blood DNA methylation status of the IGF2/H19 gene cluster and maternal fine particulate matter exposure during fetal life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the association between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and newborn DNA methylation of the IGF2/H19. METHODS Cord blood DNA methylation status of IGF2/H19 cluster was measured in 189 mother-newborn pairs from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort (Flanders, Belgium). We assessed the sex-specific association between residential PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy and the methylation level of CpG loci mapping to the IGF2/H19 cluster, and identified prenatal vulnerability by investigating susceptible time windows of exposure. We also addressed the biological functionality of DNA methylation level in the gene cluster. RESULTS Prenatal PM2.5 exposure was found to have genetic region-specific significant association with IGF2 and H19 during specific gestational weeks. The association was found to be sex-specific in both gene regions. Functionality of the DNA methylation was annotated by the association to fetal growth and cellular pathways. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study provided evidence that prenatal PM2.5 exposure is associated with DNA methylation in newborns' IGF2/H19. The consequences within the context of fetal development of future phenotyping should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bianca Cox
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
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8
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Argyraki M, Damdimopoulou P, Chatzimeletiou K, Grimbizis GF, Tarlatzis BC, Syrrou M, Lambropoulos A. In-utero stress and mode of conception: impact on regulation of imprinted genes, fetal development and future health. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:777-801. [PMID: 31633761 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic gene regulatory mechanism; disruption of this process during early embryonic development can have major consequences on both fetal and placental development. The periconceptional period and intrauterine life are crucial for determining long-term susceptibility to diseases. Treatments and procedures in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and adverse in-utero environments may modify the methylation levels of genomic imprinting regions, including insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)/H19, mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST), and paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10), affecting the development of the fetus. ART, maternal psychological stress, and gestational exposures to chemicals are common stressors suspected to alter global epigenetic patterns including imprinted genes. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Our objective is to highlight the effect of conception mode and maternal psychological stress on fetal development. Specifically, we monitor fetal programming, regulation of imprinted genes, fetal growth, and long-term disease risk, using the imprinted genes IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 as examples. The possible role of environmental chemicals in genomic imprinting is also discussed. SEARCH METHODS A PubMed search of articles published mostly from 2005 to 2019 was conducted using search terms IGF2/H19, MEST, PEG10, imprinted genes, DNA methylation, gene expression, and imprinting disorders (IDs). Studies focusing on maternal prenatal stress, psychological well-being, environmental chemicals, ART, and placental/fetal development were evaluated and included in this review. OUTCOMES IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 imprinted genes have a broad developmental effect on fetal growth and birth weight variation. Their disruption is linked to pregnancy complications, metabolic disorders, cognitive impairment, and cancer. Adverse early environment has a major impact on the developing fetus, affecting mostly growth, the structure, and subsequent function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurodevelopment. Extensive evidence suggests that the gestational environment has an impact on epigenetic patterns including imprinting, which can lead to adverse long-term outcomes in the offspring. Environmental stressors such as maternal prenatal psychological stress have been found to associate with altered DNA methylation patterns in placenta and to affect fetal development. Studies conducted during the past decades have suggested that ART pregnancies are at a higher risk for a number of complications such as birth defects and IDs. ART procedures involve multiple steps that are conducted during critical windows for imprinting establishment and maintenance, necessitating long-term evaluation of children conceived through ART. Exposure to environmental chemicals can affect placental imprinting and fetal growth both in humans and in experimental animals. Therefore, their role in imprinting should be better elucidated, considering the ubiquitous exposure to these chemicals. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Dysregulation of imprinted genes is a plausible mechanism linking stressors such as maternal psychological stress, conception using ART, and chemical exposures with fetal growth. It is expected that a greater understanding of the role of imprinted genes and their regulation in fetal development will provide insights for clinical prevention and management of growth and IDs. In a broader context, evidence connecting impaired imprinted gene function to common diseases such as cancer is increasing. This implies early regulation of imprinting may enable control of long-term human health, reducing the burden of disease in the population in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Argyraki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, K57 Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katerina Chatzimeletiou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris F Grimbizis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basil C Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Syrrou
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Dourouti University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros Lambropoulos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
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9
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Greeson KW, Fowler KL, Estave PM, Kate Thompson S, Wagner C, Clayton Edenfield R, Symosko KM, Steves AN, Marder EM, Terrell ML, Barton H, Koval M, Marcus M, Easley CA. Detrimental effects of flame retardant, PBB153, exposure on sperm and future generations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8567. [PMID: 32444626 PMCID: PMC7244482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1973, the Velsicol Chemical Company, which manufactured FireMaster, a brominated flame retardant, and NutriMaster, a nutritional supplement, mistakenly shipped hundreds of pounds of FireMaster to grain mills around Michigan where it was incorporated into animal feed and then into the food chain across the state. An estimated 6.5 million Michigan residents consumed polybrominated biphenyl (PBB)-laced animal products leading to one of the largest agricultural accidents in U.S. history. To date, there have been no studies investigating the effects of PBB on epigenetic regulation in sperm, which could explain some of the endocrine-related health effects observed among children of PBB-exposed parents. Fusing epidemiological approaches with a novel in vitro model of human spermatogenesis, we demonstrate that exposure to PBB153, the primary component of FireMaster, alters the epigenome in human spermatogenic cells. Using our novel stem cell-based spermatogenesis model, we show that PBB153 exposure decreases DNA methylation at regulatory elements controlling imprinted genes. Furthermore, PBB153 affects DNA methylation by reducing de novo DNA methyltransferase activity at increasing PBB153 concentrations as well as reducing maintenance DNA methyltransferase activity at the lowest tested PBB153 concentration. Additionally, PBB153 exposure alters the expression of genes critical to proper human development. Taken together, these results suggest that PBB153 exposure alters the epigenome by disrupting methyltransferase activity leading to defects in imprint establishment causing altered gene expression, which could contribute to health concerns in the children of men exposed to PBB153. While this chemical is toxic to those directly exposed, the results from this study indicate that the epigenetic repercussions may be detrimental to future generations. Above all, this model may be expanded to model a multitude of environmental exposures to elucidate the effect of various chemicals on germline epigenetics and how paternal exposure may impact the health of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Watkins Greeson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kristen L Fowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paige M Estave
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S Kate Thompson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chelsea Wagner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Clayton Edenfield
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Krista M Symosko
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alyse N Steves
- Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Marder
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Metrecia L Terrell
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hillary Barton
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles A Easley
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Vincenz C, Lovett JL, Wu W, Shedden K, Strassmann BI. Loss of Imprinting in Human Placentas Is Widespread, Coordinated, and Predicts Birth Phenotypes. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:429-441. [PMID: 31639821 PMCID: PMC6993844 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting leads to mono-allelic expression of genes based on parent of origin. Therian mammals and angiosperms evolved this mechanism in nutritive tissues, the placenta, and endosperm, where maternal and paternal genomes are in conflict with respect to resource allocation. We used RNA-seq to analyze allelic bias in the expression of 91 known imprinted genes in term human placentas from a prospective cohort study in Mali. A large fraction of the imprinted exons (39%) deviated from mono-allelic expression. Loss of imprinting (LOI) occurred in genes with either maternal or paternal expression bias, albeit more frequently in the former. We characterized LOI using binomial generalized linear mixed models. Variation in LOI was predominantly at the gene as opposed to the exon level, consistent with a single promoter driving the expression of most exons in a gene. Some genes were less prone to LOI than others, particularly lncRNA genes were rarely expressed from the repressed allele. Further, some individuals had more LOI than others and, within a person, the expression bias of maternally and paternally imprinted genes was correlated. We hypothesize that trans-acting maternal effect genes mediate correlated LOI and provide the mother with an additional lever to control fetal growth by extending her influence to LOI of the paternally imprinted genes. Limited evidence exists to support associations between LOI and offspring phenotypes. We show that birth length and placental weight were associated with allelic bias, making this the first comprehensive report of an association between LOI and a birth phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudius Vincenz
- Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jennie L Lovett
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Weisheng Wu
- BRCF Bioinformatics Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kerby Shedden
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Beverly I Strassmann
- Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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11
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12
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Thamban T, Agarwaal V, Khosla S. Role of genomic imprinting in mammalian development. J Biosci 2020; 45:20. [PMID: 31965998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-mendelian inheritance refers to the group of phenomena and observations related to the inheritance of genetic information that cannot be merely explained by Mendel's laws of inheritance. Phenomenon including Genomic imprinting, X-chromosome Inactivation, Paramutations are some of the best studied examples of non-mendelian inheritance. Genomic imprinting is a process that reversibly marks one of the two homologous loci, chromosome or chromosomal sets during development, resulting in functional non-equivalence of gene expression. Genomic imprinting is known to occur in a few insect species, plants, and placental mammals. Over the years, studies on imprinted genes have contributed immensely to highlighting the role of epigenetic modifications and the epigenetic circuitry during gene expression and development. In this review, we discuss the phenomenon of genomic imprinting in mammals and the role it plays especially during fetoplacental growth and early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thushara Thamban
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, India
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13
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Crippa M, Bonati MT, Calzari L, Picinelli C, Gervasini C, Sironi A, Bestetti I, Guzzetti S, Bellone S, Selicorni A, Mussa A, Riccio A, Ferrero GB, Russo S, Larizza L, Finelli P. Molecular Etiology Disclosed by Array CGH in Patients With Silver-Russell Syndrome or Similar Phenotypes. Front Genet 2019; 10:955. [PMID: 31749829 PMCID: PMC6843062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) is an imprinting disorder primarily caused by genetic and epigenetic aberrations on chromosomes 11 and 7. SRS is a rare growth retardation disorder often misdiagnosed due to its heterogeneous and non-specific clinical features. The Netchine–Harbison clinical scoring system (NH-CSS) is the recommended tool for differentiating patients into clinical SRS or unlikely SRS. However, the clinical diagnosis is molecularly confirmed only in about 60% of patients, leaving the remaining substantial proportion of SRS patients with unknown genetic etiology. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 34 Italian patients with SRS or SRS-like features scored according to the NH-CSS and without any SRS-associated (epi)genetic alterations was analyzed by high-resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in order to identify potentially pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs). Results and Discussion: In seven patients, making up 21% of the initial cohort, five pathogenic and two potentially pathogenic CNVs were found involving distinct genomic regions either previously associated with growth delay conditions (1q24.3-q25.3, 17p13.3, 17q22, and 22q11.2-q11.22) and with SRS spectrum (7p12.1 and 7p15.3-p14.3) or outlined for the first time (19q13.42), providing a better definition of reported and as yet unreported SRS overlapping syndromes. All the variants involve genes with a defined role in growth pathways, and for two genes mapping at 7p, IGF2BP3 and GRB10, the association with SRS turns out to be reinforced. The deleterious effect of the two potentially pathogenic variants, comprising GRB10 and ZNF331 genes, was explored by targeted approaches, though further studies are needed to validate their pathogenic role in the SRS etiology. In conclusion, we reconfirm the utility of performing a genome-wide scan to achieve a differential diagnosis in patients with SRS or similar features and to highlight novel chromosome alterations associated with SRS and growth retardation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Picinelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sironi
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Guzzetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bellone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Mussa
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Russo
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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14
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Litzky JF, Marsit CJ. Epigenetically regulated imprinted gene expression associated with IVF and infertility: possible influence of prenatal stress and depression. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1299-1313. [PMID: 31127477 PMCID: PMC6642239 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the growing body of research implying an impact of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on imprinted genes and epigenetics, few studies have examined the effects of underlying subfertility or prenatal stress on epigenetics, particularly in terms of their role in determining infant birthweights. Both subfertility and prenatal stressors have been found to impact epigenetics and may be confounding the effect of IVF on epigenetics and imprinted genes. Like IVF, both of these exposures-infertility and prenatal stressors-have been associated with lower infant birthweights. The placenta, and specifically epigenetically regulated placental imprinted genes, provides an ideal but understudied mechanism for evaluating the relationship between underlying genetics, environmental exposures, and birthweight. METHODS AND RESULTS In this review, we discuss the impacts of IVF and infertility on birthweight, epigenetic mechanisms and genomic imprinting, and the role of these mechanisms in the IVF population and discuss the role and importance of the placenta in infant development. We then highlight recent work on the relationships between infertility, IVF, and prenatal stressors in terms of placental imprinting. CONCLUSIONS In combination, the studies discussed, as well as two recent projects of our own on placental imprinted gene expression, suggest that lower birthweights in IVF infants are secondary to a combination of exposures including the infertility and prenatal stress that couples undergoing IVF are experiencing. The work highlighted herein emphasizes the need for appropriate control populations that take infertility into account and also for consideration of prenatal psychosocial stressors as confounders and causes of variation in IVF infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F Litzky
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, CNR 202, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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15
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Placental imprinted gene expression mediates the effects of maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy on fetal growth. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2019; 10:196-205. [PMID: 30968809 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174418000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Imprinted genes uniquely drive and support fetoplacental growth by controlling the allocation of maternal resources to the fetus and affecting the newborn's growth. We previously showed that alterations of the placental imprinted gene expression are associated with suboptimal perinatal growth and respond to environmental stimuli including socio-economic determinants. At the same time, maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy (MPSP) has been shown to affect fetal growth. Here, we set out to test the hypothesis that placental imprinted gene expression mediates the effects of MPSP on fetal growth in a well-characterized birth cohort, the Stress in Pregnancy (SIP) Study. We observed that mothers experiencing high MPSP deliver infants with lower birthweight (P=0.047). Among the 109 imprinted genes tested, we detected panels of placental imprinted gene expression of 23 imprinted genes associated with MPSP and 26 with birthweight. Among these genes, five imprinted genes (CPXM2, glucosidase alpha acid (GAA), GPR1, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 (SHANK2) and THSD7A) were common to the two panels. In multivariate analyses, controlling for maternal age and education and gestational age at birth and infant gender, two genes, GAA and SHANK2, each showed a 22% mediation of MPSP on fetal growth. These data provide new insights into the role that imprinted genes play in translating the maternal stress message into a fetoplacental growth pattern.
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16
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Thamban T, Sowpati DT, Pai V, Nithianandam V, Abe T, Shioi G, Mishra RK, Khosla S. The putative Neuronatin imprint control region is an enhancer that also regulates the Blcap gene. Epigenomics 2019; 11:251-266. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the regulatory potential of the Nnat second intron within the Nnat/Blcap micro-imprinted domain. Materials & methods: Mice with deletion of Nnat second intron at the endogenous Nnat/Blcap micro-imprinted domain were used to examine the effect of Nnat second intron on the transcriptional regulation of the Nnat and Blcap genes. Results & conclusion: Deletion of Nnat second intron affected Nnat expression in cis leading to the loss of Nnat expression from the active paternal allele. Nnat second intron was found to have the characteristics of an imprint control region including allele-specific DNA methylation and histone modifications and it also regulated the epigenetic profile of Nnat promoter by acting as an enhancer. Nnat second intron was also found to be regulating the expression of the Blcap transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thushara Thamban
- Laboratory of Mammalian Genetics, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
- Graduate studies, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Divya Tej Sowpati
- Laboratory of Mammalian Genetics, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vaishnavo Pai
- Laboratory of Mammalian Genetics, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vanitha Nithianandam
- Laboratory of Mammalian Genetics, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resources & Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Go Shioi
- Laboratory for Animal Resources & Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Rakesh K Mishra
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanjeev Khosla
- Laboratory of Mammalian Genetics, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Inner Ring Road, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
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17
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Petre G, Lorès P, Sartelet H, Truffot A, Poreau B, Brandeis S, Martinez G, Satre V, Harbuz R, Ray PF, Amblard F, Devillard F, Vieville G, Berger F, Jouk PS, Vaiman D, Touré A, Coutton C, Bidart M. Genomic duplication in the 19q13.42 imprinted region identified as a new genetic cause of intrauterine growth restriction. Clin Genet 2018; 94:575-580. [PMID: 30221343 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report findings from a male fetus of 26 weeks' gestational age with severe isolated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) on amniotic fluid cells revealed a 1.06-Mb duplication in 19q13.42 inherited from the healthy father. This duplication contains 34 genes including ZNF331, a gene encoding a zinc-finger protein specifically imprinted (paternally expressed) in the placenta. Study of the ZNF331 promoter by methylation-specific-multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification showed that the duplicated allele was not methylated in the fetus unlike in the father's genome, suggesting both copies of the ZNF331 gene are expressed in the fetus. The anti-ZNF331 immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that ZNF331 was expressed at higher levels in renal and placental tissues from this fetus compared to controls. Interestingly, ZNF331 expression levels in the placenta have previously been reported to inversely correlate with fetal growth parameters. The original observation presented in this report showed that duplication of ZNF331 could be a novel genetic cause of isolated IUGR and underlines the usefulness of CMA to investigate the genetic causes of isolated severe IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciane Petre
- INSERM U1205, UFR Chimie Biologie, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrick Lorès
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Sartelet
- Département d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Aurélie Truffot
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Brice Poreau
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Brandeis
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Martinez
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Equipe "Génétique, Epigénétique, Thérapies de l'Infertilité", IAB, INSERM 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Satre
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Equipe "Génétique, Epigénétique, Thérapies de l'Infertilité", IAB, INSERM 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Radu Harbuz
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre F Ray
- Equipe "Génétique, Epigénétique, Thérapies de l'Infertilité", IAB, INSERM 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France.,Département de Biochimie, Toxicologie et Pharmacologie, UM GI-DPI, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Amblard
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Françoise Devillard
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gaëlle Vieville
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Francois Berger
- INSERM U1205, UFR Chimie Biologie, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Simon Jouk
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aminata Touré
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Charles Coutton
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Département de Génétique et Procréation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Equipe "Génétique, Epigénétique, Thérapies de l'Infertilité", IAB, INSERM 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Bidart
- INSERM U1205, UFR Chimie Biologie, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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18
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19
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Yeung KS, Ho MSP, Lee SL, Kan ASY, Chan KYK, Tang MHY, Mak CCY, Leung GKC, So PL, Pfundt R, Marshall CR, Scherer SW, Choufani S, Weksberg R, Hon-Yin Chung B. Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 19 in a pair of monochorionic diamniotic twins with dysmorphic features and developmental delay. J Med Genet 2018; 55:847-852. [PMID: 30007940 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report here clinical, cytogenetic and molecular data for a pair of monochorionic diamniotic twins with paternal isodisomy for chromosome 19. Both twins presented with dysmorphic features and global developmental delay. This represents, to our knowledge, the first individual human case of paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 19 (UPD19). METHODS Whole-exome sequencing, together with conventional karyotype and SNP array analysis were performed along with genome-wide DNA methylation array for delineation of the underlying molecular defects. RESULTS Conventional karyotyping on amniocytes and lymphocytes showed normal karyotypes for both twins. Whole-exome sequencing did not identify any pathogenic sequence variants but >5000 homozygous exonic variants on chromosome 19, suggestive of UPD19. SNP arrays on blood and buccal DNA both showed paternal isodisomy for chromosome 19. Losses of imprinting for known imprinted genes on chromosome 19 were identified, including ZNF331, PEG3, ZIM2 and MIMT1. In addition, imprinting defects were also identified in genes located on other chromosomes, including GPR1-AS, JAKMP1 and NHP2L1. CONCLUSION Imprinting defects are the most likely cause for the dysmorphism and developmental delay in this first report of monozygotic twins with UPD19. However, epigenotype-phenotype correlation will require identification of additional individuals with UPD19 and further molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit San Yeung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Matthew Sai Pong Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - So Lun Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Anita Sik Yau Kan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.,Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Tsan Yuk Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Kelvin Yuen Kwong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.,Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Tsan Yuk Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Mary Hoi Yin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christopher Chun Yu Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gordon Ka Chun Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Po Lam So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian R Marshall
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanaa Choufani
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Hon-Yin Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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20
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Kingsley SL, Deyssenroth MA, Kelsey KT, Awad YA, Kloog I, Schwartz JD, Lambertini L, Chen J, Marsit CJ, Wellenius GA. Maternal residential air pollution and placental imprinted gene expression. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:204-211. [PMID: 28886413 PMCID: PMC5623128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to air pollution is associated with reduced fetal growth, but its relationship with expression of placental imprinted genes (important regulators of fetal growth) has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVES To examine relationships between maternal residential air pollution and expression of placental imprinted genes in the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS). METHODS Women-infant pairs were enrolled following delivery between 2009 and 2013. We geocoded maternal residential addresses at delivery, estimated daily levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5; n=355) and black carbon (BC; n=336) using spatial-temporal models, and estimated residential distance to nearest major roadway (n=355). Using linear regression models we investigated the associations between each exposure metric and expression of nine candidate genes previously associated with infant birthweight in RICHS, with secondary analyses of a panel of 108 imprinted genes expressed in the placenta. We also explored effect measure modification by infant sex. RESULTS PM2.5 and BC were associated with altered expression for seven and one candidate genes, respectively, previously linked with birthweight in this cohort. Adjusting for multiple comparisons, we found that PM2.5 and BC were associated with changes in expression of 41 and 12 of 108 placental imprinted genes, respectively. Infant sex modified the association between PM2.5 and expression of CHD7 and between proximity to major roadways and expression of ZDBF2. CONCLUSIONS We found that maternal exposure to residential PM2.5 and BC was associated with changes in placental imprinted gene expression, which suggests a plausible line of investigation of how air pollution affects fetal growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Kingsley
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Maya A Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yara Abu Awad
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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21
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A complex association between DNA methylation and gene expression in human placenta at first and third trimesters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181155. [PMID: 28704530 PMCID: PMC5509291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human placenta is a maternal-fetal organ essential for normal fetal development and maternal health. During pregnancy, the placenta undergoes many structural and functional changes in response to fetal needs and environmental exposures. Previous studies have demonstrated widespread epigenetic and gene expression changes from early to late pregnancy. However, on the global level, how DNA methylation changes impact on gene expression in human placenta is not yet well understood. We performed DNA methylome analysis by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq for both first and third trimester human placenta tissues. From first to third trimester, 199 promoters (corresponding to 189 genes) and 2,297 gene bodies were differentially methylated, with a clear dominance of hypermethylation (96.8% and 93.0% for promoters and gene bodies, respectively). A total of 2,447 genes were differentially expressed, of which 77.2% were down-regulated. Gene ontology analysis using differentially expressed genes were enriched for cell cycle and immune response functions. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was non-linear and complex, depending on the genomic context (promoter or gene body) and gene expression levels. A wide range of DNA methylation and gene expression changes were observed at different gestational ages. The non-linear association between DNA methylation and gene expression indicates that epigenetic regulation of placenta development is more complex than previously envisioned.
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22
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Nomura Y, John RM, Janssen AB, Davey C, Finik J, Buthmann J, Glover V, Lambertini L. Neurodevelopmental consequences in offspring of mothers with preeclampsia during pregnancy: underlying biological mechanism via imprinting genes. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 295:1319-1329. [PMID: 28382413 PMCID: PMC6058691 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preeclampsia is known to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among mothers and their infants. Approximately 3-8% of all pregnancies in the US are complicated by preeclampsia and another 5-7% by hypertensive symptoms. However, less is known about its long-term influence on infant neurobehavioral development. The current review attempts to demonstrate new evidence for imprinting gene dysregulation caused by hypertension, which may explain the link between maternal preeclampsia and neurocognitive dysregulation in offspring. METHOD Pub Med and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms "preeclampsia," "gestational hypertension," "imprinting genes," "imprinting dysregulation," and "epigenetic modification," in order to review the evidence demonstrating associations between preeclampsia and suboptimal child neurodevelopment, and suggest dysregulation of placental genomic imprinting as a potential underlying mechanism. RESULTS The high mortality and morbidity among mothers and fetuses due to preeclampsia is well known, but there is little research on the long-term biological consequences of preeclampsia and resulting hypoxia on the fetal/child neurodevelopment. In the past decade, accumulating evidence from studies that transcend disciplinary boundaries have begun to show that imprinted genes expressed in the placenta might hold clues for a link between preeclampsia and impaired cognitive neurodevelopment. A sudden onset of maternal hypertension detected by the placenta may result in misguided biological programming of the fetus via changes in the epigenome, resulting in suboptimal infant development. CONCLUSION Furthering our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which neurodevelopmental trajectories of the fetus/infant are affected by preeclampsia and hypertension will represent an important first step toward preventing adverse neurodevelopment in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nomura
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA.
- Graduate Center, the City University of New York, Flushing, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Rosalind M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Charles Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA
- Graduate Center, the City University of New York, Flushing, USA
| | | | - Luca Lambertini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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23
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Placental expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1): Gender-specific relation with human placental growth. Placenta 2016; 48:119-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Saunders ACE, McGonnigal B, Uzun A, Padbury J. The developmental expression of the CDK inhibitor p57(kip2) (Cdkn1c) in the early mouse placenta. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:405-12. [PMID: 26988311 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
p57(kip2) (encoded by the Cdkn1c gene) is a member of the cip/kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors that mediates cell cycle arrest in G1, allowing cells to differentiate. In the placenta, p57(kip2) is involved in endoreduplication, formation of trophoblast giant cells, trophoblast invasion, and expansion of placental cell layers. Here, we quantitatively and qualitatively define the cell- and region-specific expression of mouse placental p57(kip2) using laser-capture microdissection, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Cdkn1c RNA was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Co-expression of Pl1 was used to identify trophoblast giant cells while Tbpba was used to identify spongiotrophoblast cells. Timed sacrifices were also carried out at embryonic days E7.5, E8.5, E9.5, and E12.5 to profile the expression in embryos and their placentas. At E8.5, intense expression of Cdkn1c was seen in invasive TGCs and the ectoplacental cone. Cdkn1c expression was more diffuse and more abundant in the labyrinth that in the junctional zone at both E9.5 and E12.5. Immunohistochemistry revealed robust p57(kip2) staining in trophoblast giant cells and in the ectoplacental cone at E8.5. p57(kip2) protein was seen in giant cells and throughout the labyrinth, although its abundance was reduced in the junctional zone at E9.5, and became more diffuse by E12.5. The early and intense expression in trophoblast giant cells is consistent with a role for p57(kip2) in the invasive phenotype of these cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 405-412, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Catherine Eugenia Saunders
- Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island.,Division of Biology and Medicine Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Bethany McGonnigal
- Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alper Uzun
- Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - James Padbury
- Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island.,Division of Biology and Medicine Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
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25
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Li B, Chen S, Tang N, Xiao X, Huang J, Jiang F, Huang X, Sun F, Wang X. Assisted Reproduction Causes Reduced Fetal Growth Associated with Downregulation of Paternally Expressed Imprinted Genes That Enhance Fetal Growth in Mice1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:45. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.136051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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26
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Moore GE, Ishida M, Demetriou C, Al-Olabi L, Leon LJ, Thomas AC, Abu-Amero S, Frost JM, Stafford JL, Chaoqun Y, Duncan AJ, Baigel R, Brimioulle M, Iglesias-Platas I, Apostolidou S, Aggarwal R, Whittaker JC, Syngelaki A, Nicolaides KH, Regan L, Monk D, Stanier P. The role and interaction of imprinted genes in human fetal growth. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 370:20140074. [PMID: 25602077 PMCID: PMC4305174 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the genetic input for fetal growth will help to understand common, serious complications of pregnancy such as fetal growth restriction. Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic process that silences one parental allele, resulting in monoallelic expression. Imprinted genes are important in mammalian fetal growth and development. Evidence has emerged showing that genes that are paternally expressed promote fetal growth, whereas maternally expressed genes suppress growth. We have assessed whether the expression levels of key imprinted genes correlate with fetal growth parameters during pregnancy, either early in gestation, using chorionic villus samples (CVS), or in term placenta. We have found that the expression of paternally expressing insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), its receptor IGF2R, and the IGF2/IGF1R ratio in CVS tissues significantly correlate with crown–rump length and birthweight, whereas term placenta expression shows no correlation. For the maternally expressing pleckstrin homology-like domain family A, member 2 (PHLDA2), there is no correlation early in pregnancy in CVS but a highly significant negative relationship in term placenta. Analysis of the control of imprinted expression of PHLDA2 gave rise to a maternally and compounded grand-maternally controlled genetic effect with a birthweight increase of 93/155 g, respectively, when one copy of the PHLDA2 promoter variant is inherited. Expression of the growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (GRB10) in term placenta is significantly negatively correlated with head circumference. Analysis of the paternally expressing delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) shows that the paternal transmission of type 1 diabetes protective G allele of rs941576 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) results in significantly reduced birth weight (−132 g). In conclusion, we have found that the expression of key imprinted genes show a strong correlation with fetal growth and that for both genetic and genomics data analyses, it is important not to overlook parent-of-origin effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun E Moore
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Miho Ishida
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Charalambos Demetriou
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Lara Al-Olabi
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Lydia J Leon
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Anna C Thomas
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sayeda Abu-Amero
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Jennifer M Frost
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Jaime L Stafford
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Yao Chaoqun
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Andrew J Duncan
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Rachel Baigel
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Marina Brimioulle
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Isabel Iglesias-Platas
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sophia Apostolidou
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Reena Aggarwal
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - John C Whittaker
- Noncommunicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Lesley Regan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1NY, UK
| | - David Monk
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Philip Stanier
- Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Diseases Section, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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27
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Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Zhao X. Epigenetic marks: regulators of livestock phenotypes and conceivable sources of missing variation in livestock improvement programs. Front Genet 2015; 6:302. [PMID: 26442116 PMCID: PMC4585011 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement in animal productivity has been achieved over the years through careful breeding and selection programs. Today, variations in the genome are gaining increasing importance in livestock improvement strategies. Genomic information alone, however, explains only a part of the phenotypic variance in traits. It is likely that a portion of the unaccounted variance is embedded in the epigenome. The epigenome encompasses epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation, histone tail modifications, chromatin remodeling, and other molecules that can transmit epigenetic information such as non-coding RNA species. Epigenetic factors respond to external or internal environmental cues such as nutrition, pathogens, and climate, and have the ability to change gene expression leading to emergence of specific phenotypes. Accumulating evidence shows that epigenetic marks influence gene expression and phenotypic outcome in livestock species. This review examines available evidence of the influence of epigenetic marks on livestock (cattle, sheep, goat, and pig) traits and discusses the potential for consideration of epigenetic markers in livestock improvement programs. However, epigenetic research activities on farm animal species are currently limited partly due to lack of recognition, funding and a global network of researchers. Therefore, considerable less attention has been given to epigenetic research in livestock species in comparison to extensive work in humans and model organisms. Elucidating therefore the epigenetic determinants of animal diseases and complex traits may represent one of the principal challenges to use epigenetic markers for further improvement of animal productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaSherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-De-BellevueQC, Canada
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28
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Green BB, Kappil M, Lambertini L, Armstrong DA, Guerin DJ, Sharp AJ, Lester BM, Chen J, Marsit CJ. Expression of imprinted genes in placenta is associated with infant neurobehavioral development. Epigenetics 2015. [PMID: 26198301 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1073880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting disorders often exhibit delayed neurobehavioral development, suggesting this unique mechanism of epigenetic regulation plays a role in mental and neurological health. While major errors in imprinting have been linked to adverse health outcomes, there has been little research conducted on how moderate variability in imprinted gene expression within a population contributes to differences in neurobehavioral outcomes, particularly at birth. Here, we profiled the expression of 108 known and putative imprinted genes in human placenta samples from 615 infants assessed by the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS). Data reduction identified 10 genes (DLX5, DHCR24, VTRNA2-1, PHLDA2, NPAP1, FAM50B, GNAS-AS1, PAX8-AS1, SHANK2, and COPG2IT1) whose expression could distinguish between newborn neurobehavioral profiles derived from the NNNS. Clustering infants based on the expression pattern of these genes identified 2 groups of infants characterized by reduced quality of movement, increased signs of asymmetrical and non-optimal reflexes, and increased odds of demonstrating increased signs of physiologic stress and abstinence. Overall, these results suggest that common variation in placental imprinted gene expression is linked to suboptimal performance on scales of neurological functioning as well as with increased signs of physiologic stress, highlighting the central importance of the control of expression of these genes in the placenta for neurobehavioral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Green
- a Department of Epidemiology and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology ; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College ; Hanover , NH USA
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29
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Kappil MA, Green BB, Armstrong DA, Sharp AJ, Lambertini L, Marsit CJ, Chen J. Placental expression profile of imprinted genes impacts birth weight. Epigenetics 2015; 10:842-9. [PMID: 26186239 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1073881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of imprinted genes in regulating feto-placental development has been long established. However, a comprehensive assessment of the role of placental imprinted gene expression on fetal growth has yet to be conducted. In this study, we examined the association between the placental expression of 108 established and putative imprinted genes and birth weight in 677 term pregnancies, oversampled for small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants. Using adjusted multinomial regression analyses, a 2-fold increase in the expression of 9 imprinted genes was positively associated with LGA status: BLCAP [odds ratio (OR) = 3.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.83, 7.82], DLK1 [OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.27, 2.09], H19 [OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.77, 4.42], IGF2 [OR = 1.43, 95% CI:1.31, 2.40], MEG3 [OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.71], MEST [OR = 4.78, 95% CI: 2.64, 8.65], NNAT [OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.86], NDN [OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.72, 3.68], and PLAGL1 [OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.44]. For SGA status, a 2-fold increase in MEST expression was associated with decreased risk [OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.58], while a 2-fold increase in NNAT expression was associated with increased risk [OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.1]. Following a factor analysis, all genes significantly associated with SGA or LGA status loaded onto 2 of the 8 gene-sets underlying the variability in the dataset. Our comprehensive placental profiling of imprinted genes in a large birth cohort supports the importance of these genes for fetal growth. Given that abnormal birth weight is implicated in numerous diseases and developmental abnormalities, the expression pattern of placental imprinted genes has the potential to be developed as a novel biomarker for postnatal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A Kappil
- a Department of Preventive Medicine ; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai ; New York , NY USA
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30
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Maccani JZ, Maccani MA. Altered placental DNA methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking: current perspectives. ADVANCES IN GENOMICS AND GENETICS 2015; 2015:205-214. [PMID: 26203295 PMCID: PMC4507353 DOI: 10.2147/agg.s61518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis states that adverse early life exposures can have lasting, detrimental effects on lifelong health. Exposure to maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with morbidity and mortality in offspring, including increased risks for miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, preterm birth, asthma, obesity, altered neurobehavior, and other conditions. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy interferes with placental growth and functioning, and it has been proposed that this may occur through the disruption of normal and necessary placental epigenetic patterns. Epigenome-wide association studies have identified a number of differentially methylated placental genes that are associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy, including RUNX3, PURA, GTF2H2, GCA, GPR135, and HKR1. The placental methylation status of RUNX3 and NR3C1 has also been linked to adverse infant outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight, respectively. Candidate gene analyses have also found maternal smoking-associated placental methylation differences in the NR3C1, CYP1A1, HTR2A, and HSD11B2 genes, as well as in the repetitive elements LINE-1 and AluYb8. The differential methylation patterns of several genes have been confirmed to also exhibit altered gene expression patterns, including CYP1A1, CYP19A1, NR3C1, and HTR2A. Placental methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy may be largely gene-specific and tissue-specific and, to a lesser degree, involve global changes. It is important for future research to investigate the mechanistic roles that these differentially methylated genes may play in mediating the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and disease in later life, as well as to elucidate the potential influence of emerging tobacco product use during pregnancy, including the use of electronic cigarettes, on placental epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zj Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
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Padhee M, Zhang S, Lie S, Wang KC, Botting KJ, McMillen IC, MacLaughlin SM, Morrison JL. The periconceptional environment and cardiovascular disease: does in vitro embryo culture and transfer influence cardiovascular development and health? Nutrients 2015; 7:1378-425. [PMID: 25699984 PMCID: PMC4377860 DOI: 10.3390/nu7031378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) have revolutionised reproductive medicine; however, reports assessing the effects of ARTs have raised concerns about the immediate and long-term health outcomes of the children conceived through ARTs. ARTs include manipulations during the periconceptional period, which coincides with an environmentally sensitive period of gamete/embryo development and as such may alter cardiovascular development and health of the offspring in postnatal life. In order to identify the association between ARTs and cardiovascular health outcomes, it is important to understand the events that occur during the periconceptional period and how they are affected by procedures involved in ARTs. This review will highlight the emerging evidence implicating adverse cardiovascular outcomes before and after birth in offspring conceived through ARTs in both human and animal studies. In addition, it will identify the potential underlying causes and molecular mechanisms responsible for the congenital and adult cardiovascular dysfunctions in offspring whom were conceived through ARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Padhee
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Song Zhang
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Shervi Lie
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Kimberley C Wang
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Kimberley J Botting
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - I Caroline McMillen
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Severence M MacLaughlin
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Janna L Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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Jensen A, Tunster S, John R. The significance of elevated placental PHLDA2 in human growth restricted pregnancies. Placenta 2014; 35:528-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tunster SJ, Van De Pette M, John RM. Isolating the role of elevated Phlda2 in asymmetric late fetal growth restriction in mice. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:1185-91. [PMID: 25085993 PMCID: PMC4174529 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.017079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 2 (PHLDA2) is a maternally expressed imprinted gene whose elevated expression has been linked to fetal growth restriction in a number of human studies. In mice, Phlda2 negatively regulates placental growth and limits the accumulation of placental glycogen. We previously reported that a three-copy transgene spanning the Phlda2 locus drove a fetal growth restriction phenotype late in gestation, suggesting a causative role for PHLDA2 in human growth restriction. However, in this mouse model, Phlda2 was overexpressed by fourfold, alongside overexpression of a second imprinted gene, Slc22a18. Here, we genetically isolate the role of Phlda2 in driving late fetal growth restriction in mice. We furthermore show that this Phlda2-driven growth restriction is asymmetrical, with a relative sparing of the brain, followed by rapid catch-up growth after birth, classic features of placental insufficiency. Strikingly, fetal growth restriction showed strain-specific differences, being apparent on the 129S2/SvHsd (129) genetic background and absent on the C57BL6 (BL6) background. A key difference between these two strains is the placenta. Specifically, BL6 placentae possess a more extensive endocrine compartment and substantially greater stores of placental glycogen. Taken together, these data support a direct role for elevated Phlda2 in limiting fetal growth but also suggest that growth restriction only manifests when there is limited placental reserve. These findings should be taken into account in interpreting the results from human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Tunster
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | | | - Rosalind M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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Magee DA, Spillane C, Berkowicz EW, Sikora KM, MacHugh DE. Imprinted loci in domestic livestock species as epigenomic targets for artificial selection of complex traits. Anim Genet 2014; 45 Suppl 1:25-39. [PMID: 24990393 DOI: 10.1111/age.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of genomic imprinting, whereby a subset of mammalian genes display parent-of-origin-specific monoallelic expression, is one of the most active areas of epigenetics research. Over the past two decades, more than 100 imprinted mammalian genes have been identified, while considerable advances have been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing imprinting. These studies have helped to unravel the epigenome--a separate layer of regulatory information contained in eukaryotic chromosomes that influences gene expression and phenotypes without involving changes to the underlying DNA sequence. Although most studies of genomic imprinting in mammals have focussed on mouse models or human biomedical disorders, there is burgeoning interest in the phenotypic effects of imprinted genes in domestic livestock species. In particular, research has focused on imprinted genes influencing foetal growth and development, which are associated with economically important production traits in cattle, sheep and pigs. These findings, when coupled with the data emerging from the various different livestock genome projects, have major implications for the future of animal breeding, health and management. Here, we review current scientific knowledge regarding genomic imprinting in livestock species and evaluate how this information can be used in modern livestock improvement programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Magee
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genomic imprinting is an epigenetically-driven phenomenon that responds to environmental stimuli to determine the fetal growth trajectory. This review aims at describing the transgenerational meaning of genomic imprinting while supporting the study of genomic imprinting in placenta for the determination of an important biomarker of chronic and developmental disorders in children as driven by the environment. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work has shown that genomic imprinting reaches beyond the basic significance of an epigenetic mark regulating gene expression. Genomic imprinting has been theorized as the main determinant of epigenetic inheritance. Concomitantly, new studies in the field of molecular epidemiology became available that tie the fetal growth trajectory to genomic imprinting in response to environmental stimuli, making of genomic imprinting the driving force of the fetal growth. When carried out in placenta, the effector of the intrauterine environment as conveyed by the maternal exposure to the general life environment, the study of genomic imprinting may reveal critical information on alterations of the fetal growth trajectory. SUMMARY The study of genomic imprinting profiles in placentas from birth cohorts of individuals exposed to different environmental stimuli can provide a new, much needed, tool for the elaboration of effective public health intervention plans for child health.
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Kobayashi H. Imprinting genes associated with endometriosis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2014; 13:252-64. [PMID: 26417259 PMCID: PMC4464490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Much work has been carried out to investigate the genetic and epigenetic basis of endometriosis and proposed that endometriosis has been described as an epigenetic disease. The purpose of this study was to extract the imprinting genes that are associated with endometriosis development. METHODS The information on the imprinting genes can be accessed publicly from a web-based interface at http://www.geneimprint.com/site/genes-by-species. RESULTS In the current version, the database contains 150 human imprinted genes derived from the literature. We searched gene functions and their roles in particular biological processes or events, such as development and pathogenesis of endometriosis. From the genomic imprinting database, we picked 10 genes that were highly associated with female reproduction; prominent among them were paternally expressed genes (DIRAS3, BMP8B, CYP1B1, ZFAT, IGF2, MIMT1, or MIR296) and maternally expressed genes (DVL1, FGFRL1, or CDKN1C). These imprinted genes may be associated with reproductive biology such as endometriosis, pregnancy loss, decidualization process and preeclampsia. DISCUSSION This study supports the possibility that aberrant epigenetic dysregulation of specific imprinting genes may contribute to endometriosis predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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Paquette AG, Lesseur C, Armstrong DA, Koestler DC, Appleton AA, Lester BM, Marsit CJ. Placental HTR2A methylation is associated with infant neurobehavioral outcomes. Epigenetics 2013; 8:796-801. [PMID: 23880519 DOI: 10.4161/epi.25358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin receptor, HTR2A, exhibits placental expression and function and can be controlled through DNA methylation. The relationship between methylation of HTR2A in the placenta and neurodevelopmental outcomes, evaluated using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS), was assessed in newborn infants (n = 444). HTR2A methylation was significantly higher in males and marginally higher in infants whose mothers reported tobacco use during pregnancy. Controlling for confounding variables, HTR2A methylation was negatively associated with infant quality of movement (p = 0.05) and positively associated with infant attention (p = 0.0001). These results suggest that methylation of the HTR2A gene can be biologically and environmentally modulated and is associated with key measures of neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison G Paquette
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; Dartmouth, NH USA
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Novakovic B, Saffery R. The ever growing complexity of placental epigenetics – Role in adverse pregnancy outcomes and fetal programming. Placenta 2012; 33:959-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Kippler M, Wagatsuma Y, Rahman A, Nermell B, Persson LÅ, Raqib R, Vahter M. Environmental exposure to arsenic and cadmium during pregnancy and fetal size: A longitudinal study in rural Bangladesh. Reprod Toxicol 2012; 34:504-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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