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Szlachtowska Z, Rurek M. Plant dehydrins and dehydrin-like proteins: characterization and participation in abiotic stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1213188. [PMID: 37484455 PMCID: PMC10358736 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1213188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress has a significant impact on plant growth and development. It causes changes in the subcellular organelles, which, due to their stress sensitivity, can be affected. Cellular components involved in the abiotic stress response include dehydrins, widely distributed proteins forming a class II of late embryogenesis abundant protein family with characteristic properties including the presence of evolutionarily conserved sequence motifs (including lysine-rich K-segment, N-terminal Y-segment, and often phosphorylated S motif) and high hydrophilicity and disordered structure in the unbound state. Selected dehydrins and few poorly characterized dehydrin-like proteins participate in cellular stress acclimation and are also shown to interact with organelles. Through their functioning in stabilizing biological membranes and binding reactive oxygen species, dehydrins and dehydrin-like proteins contribute to the protection of fragile organellar structures under adverse conditions. Our review characterizes the participation of plant dehydrins and dehydrin-like proteins (including some organellar proteins) in plant acclimation to diverse abiotic stress conditions and summarizes recent updates on their structure (the identification of dehydrin less conserved motifs), classification (new proposed subclasses), tissue- and developmentally specific accumulation, and key cellular activities (including organellar protection under stress acclimation). Recent findings on the subcellular localization (with emphasis on the mitochondria and plastids) and prospective applications of dehydrins and dehydrin-like proteins in functional studies to alleviate the harmful stress consequences by means of plant genetic engineering and a genome editing strategy are also discussed.
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Barratt LJ, Reynolds IJ, Franco Ortega S, Harper AL. Transcriptomic and co-expression network analyses on diverse wheat landraces identifies candidate master regulators of the response to early drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1212559. [PMID: 37426985 PMCID: PMC10326901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1212559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Over four billion people around the world rely on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a major constituent of their diet. The changing climate, however, threatens the food security of these people, with periods of intense drought stress already causing widespread wheat yield losses. Much of the research into the wheat drought response has centred on the response to drought events later in development, during anthesis or grain filling. But as the timing of periods of drought stress become increasingly unpredictable, a more complete understanding of the response to drought during early development is also needed. Methods Here, we utilized the YoGI landrace panel to identify 10,199 genes which were differentially expressed under early drought stress, before weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a co-expression network and identify hub genes in modules particularly associated with the early drought response. Results Of these hub genes, two stood out as novel candidate master regulators of the early drought response - one as an activator (TaDHN4-D1; TraesCS5D02G379200) and the other as a repressor (uncharacterised gene; TraesCS3D02G361500). Discussion As well as appearing to coordinate the transcriptional early drought response, we propose that these hub genes may be able to regulate the physiological early drought response due to potential control over the expression of members of gene families well-known for their involvement in the drought response in many plant species, namely dehydrins and aquaporins, as well as other genes seemingly involved in key processes such as, stomatal opening, stomatal closing, stomatal morphogenesis and stress hormone signalling.
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Paul M, Tanskanen J, Jääskeläinen M, Chang W, Dalal A, Moshelion M, Schulman AH. Drought and recovery in barley: key gene networks and retrotransposon response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193284. [PMID: 37377802 PMCID: PMC10291200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction During drought, plants close their stomata at a critical soil water content (SWC), together with making diverse physiological, developmental, and biochemical responses. Methods Using precision-phenotyping lysimeters, we imposed pre-flowering drought on four barley varieties (Arvo, Golden Promise, Hankkija 673, and Morex) and followed their physiological responses. For Golden Promise, we carried out RNA-seq on leaf transcripts before and during drought and during recovery, also examining retrotransposon BARE1expression. Transcriptional data were subjected to network analysis. Results The varieties differed by their critical SWC (ϴcrit), Hankkija 673 responding at the highest and Golden Promise at the lowest. Pathways connected to drought and salinity response were strongly upregulated during drought; pathways connected to growth and development were strongly downregulated. During recovery, growth and development pathways were upregulated; altogether, 117 networked genes involved in ubiquitin-mediated autophagy were downregulated. Discussion The differential response to SWC suggests adaptation to distinct rainfall patterns. We identified several strongly differentially expressed genes not earlier associated with drought response in barley. BARE1 transcription is strongly transcriptionally upregulated by drought and downregulated during recovery unequally between the investigated cultivars. The downregulation of networked autophagy genes suggests a role for autophagy in drought response; its importance to resilience should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitry Paul
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tanskanen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marko Jääskeläinen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wei Chang
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahan Dalal
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alan H. Schulman
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Helsinki, Finland
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Domingo G, Marsoni M, Álvarez-Viñas M, Torres MD, Domínguez H, Vannini C. The Role of Protein-Rich Extracts from Chondrus crispus as Biostimulant and in Enhancing Tolerance to Drought Stress in Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:845. [PMID: 36840193 PMCID: PMC9963589 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of seaweed extract-based biostimulants is a promising approach for achieving sustainable agriculture, with an enormous potential of improving crop yield and mitigating climate change effects. Abiotic stressors, such as drought, are major factors resulting in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yield losses and seaweed-based biostimulants have been proposed as an eco-friendly strategy to counteract this negative impact. Chondrus crispus is a common red seaweed widely used as source of carrageenans, not yet explored as a plant biostimulant. In this study, a protein hydrolysate-rich C. crispus extract, by-products of the carrageenan extraction, was tested on tomato plants under well-watered condition and water shortage. The foliar application of the protein-rich C. crispus extract conferred drought tolerance to tomato plants resulting in less noticeable visual stress symptoms. Treated plants showed higher shoot height and biomass under both well-watered and water deficit conditions, evidencing the double effect exerted by this new biostimulant, as plant growth promoter and drought stress protector. The treatment with the biostimulant had an effect on levels of abscisic acid and proline, and triggered the expression of Solyc02g084840, a drought marker gene. Finally, a label-free mass spectrometric approach allowed us to identify phycoerythrins and phycocyanins as major bioactive proteins contained in the extract. Altogether, these results indicate that the foliar application of protein hydrolysate-rich extracts from C. crispus improved tomato plant growth and tolerance to drought stress, suggesting a new opportunity for further applications in the agriculture and horticultural sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Domingo
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Milena Marsoni
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Milena Álvarez-Viñas
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Candida Vannini
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Licaj I, Di Meo MC, Fiorillo A, Samperna S, Marra M, Rocco M. Comparative Analysis of the Response to Polyethylene Glycol-Simulated Drought Stress in Roots from Seedlings of "Modern" and "Ancient" Wheat Varieties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:428. [PMID: 36771510 PMCID: PMC9921267 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, where it is the basis for the production of high added-value food derivatives such as pasta. In the next few years, the detrimental effects of global climate change will represent a serious challenge to crop yields. For durum wheat, the threat of climate change is worsened by the fact that cultivation relies on a few genetically uniform, elite varieties, better suited to intensive cultivation than "traditional" ones but less resistant to environmental stress. Hence, the renewed interest in "ancient" traditional varieties are expected to be more tolerant to environmental stress as a source of genetic resources to be exploited for the selection of useful agronomic traits such as drought tolerance. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the effect and response of roots from the seedlings of two durum wheat cultivars: Svevo, a widely cultivated elite variety, and Saragolla, a traditional variety appreciated for its organoleptic characteristics, to Polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. The effect of water stress on root growth was analyzed and related to biochemical data such as hydrogen peroxide production, electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation, proline synthesis, as well as to molecular data such as qRT-PCR analysis of drought responsive genes and proteomic analysis of changes in the protein repertoire of roots from the two cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilva Licaj
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Fiorillo
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Samperna
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Marra
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariapina Rocco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Hidvégi N, Gulyás A, Dobránszki J. Ultrasound, as a hypomethylating agent, remodels DNA methylation and alters mRNA transcription in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13777. [PMID: 36073119 PMCID: PMC9826007 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Any treatment that affects seed germination and seedling development is of paramount importance from an agricultural point of view since they are critical prerequisites for successful crop production. In present study, we have examined the after-effect of ultrasonication (at 30 kHz, 70 W for 5 min) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. SE15) seeds on the early seedling growth and development, and accompanying changes in the DNA methylation and transcriptomic pattern in 7-day-old seedlings. We used mRNA-sequencing and whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to identify significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs), significantly differently methylated regions (DMRs) and genes (DMGs). Ultrasonication of seeds did not alter the germination rate but increased both the length and weight of roots and shoots of 7-day-old seedlings significantly by 23%-68% and 16%-28%, respectively. Analyzing the expression intensity of 107,891 genes, significantly differentially expressed sequences related mainly to starch biosynthesis, IAA biosynthesis, photosynthesis and TCA cycle pathways. The same pathways were also affected by DNA-methylation changes. DNA hypomethylation occurred in the global methylation profile after ultrasound treatment altering the accessibility of some genes for transcription. Transcriptomic changes suggested alterations in the crosstalk between IAA and sucrose signaling, enhancement of growth processes, and increased activity of nuclear transcription factor stimulating the transcription of genes having CCAAT motif in the promoter. In the present first whole genome level study, we have identified seed ultrasonication as a priming technique that can act as a hypomethylating agent and thereby is able to modify the mRNA transcription allowing enhanced seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Hidvégi
- Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenNyíregyházaHungary
| | - Andrea Gulyás
- Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenNyíregyházaHungary
| | - Judit Dobránszki
- Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenNyíregyházaHungary
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Vuković R, Čamagajevac IŠ, Vuković A, Šunić K, Begović L, Mlinarić S, Sekulić R, Sabo N, Španić V. Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Response of Different Winter Wheat Varieties under Drought Stress at Germination and Seedling Growth Stage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040693. [PMID: 35453378 PMCID: PMC9028496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to climate change in recent years, there has been an increasing water deficit during the winter wheat sowing period. This study evaluated six Croatian winter wheat varieties’ physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses under two drought stress levels at the germination/seedling growth stage. Lipid peroxidation was mainly induced under both drought stress treatments, while the antioxidative response was variety-specific. The most significant role in the antioxidative response had glutathione along with the ascorbate-glutathione pathway. Under drought stress, wheat seedlings responded in proline accumulation that was correlated with the P5CS gene expression. Expression of genes encoding dehydrins (DHN5, WZY2) was highly induced under the drought stress in all varieties, while genes encoding transcription factors were differentially regulated. Expression of DREB1 was upregulated under severe drought stress in most varieties, while the expression of WRKY2 was downregulated or revealed control levels. Different mechanisms were shown to contribute to the drought tolerance in different varieties, which was mainly associated with osmotic adjustment and dehydrins expression. Identifying different mechanisms in drought stress response would advance our understanding of the complex strategies contributing to wheat tolerance to drought in the early growth stage and could contribute to variety selection useful for developing new drought-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Vuković
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Ana Vuković
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Katarina Šunić
- Department of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Lidija Begović
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Selma Mlinarić
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Ramona Sekulić
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikolina Sabo
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (R.V.); (I.Š.Č.); (A.V.); (L.B.); (S.M.); (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Valentina Španić
- Department of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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Bhardwaj A, Devi P, Chaudhary S, Rani A, Jha UC, Kumar S, Bindumadhava H, Prasad PVV, Sharma KD, Siddique KHM, Nayyar H. 'Omics' approaches in developing combined drought and heat tolerance in food crops. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:699-739. [PMID: 34223931 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change will significantly increase the intensity and frequency of hot, dry days. The simultaneous occurrence of drought and heat stress is also likely to increase, influencing various agronomic characteristics, such as biomass and other growth traits, phenology, and yield-contributing traits, of various crops. At the same time, vital physiological traits will be seriously disrupted, including leaf water content, canopy temperature depression, membrane stability, photosynthesis, and related attributes such as chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Several metabolic processes contributing to general growth and development will be restricted, along with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that negatively affect cellular homeostasis. Plants have adaptive defense strategies, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, osmolyte production, secondary metabolite modulation, and different phytohormones, which can help distinguish tolerant crop genotypes. Understanding plant responses to combined drought/heat stress at various organizational levels is vital for developing stress-resilient crops. Elucidating the genomic, proteomic, and metabolic responses of various crops, particularly tolerant genotypes, to identify tolerance mechanisms will markedly enhance the continuing efforts to introduce combined drought/heat stress tolerance. Besides agronomic management, genetic engineering and molecular breeding approaches have great potential in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Devi
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Anju Rani
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - H Bindumadhava
- Dr. Marri Channa Reddy Foundation (MCRF), Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Raeisi Sadati SY, Jahanbakhsh Godehkahriz S, Ebadi A, Sedghi M. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Enhance Drought Tolerance in Wheat via Physio-Biochemical Changes and Stress Genes Expression. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 20:e3027. [PMID: 35891959 PMCID: PMC9284241 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.280711.3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study was performed to investigate the expression analysis of genes involved in drought tolerance and the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to mitigate the undesirable effects of drought stress in wheat. Materials and Methods A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) was performed with three replicates. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran in 2017. The factorial combination of stress levels of water supply (including 85%, 60%, and 35% field capacity) and ZnO NPs (0, 0.5, and 1.0 g. L-1) were used on three wheat cultivars (Mihan, Heidari, and Gascogne). Three days after spraying the ZnO NPs in the three-leaf stage, drought stress was applied for ten days and physio-biochemical traits and gene expression of wheat cultivars were investigated. The expression of Wdhn13, DREB2, P5CS, and CAT1 genes in leaves were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Generally, drought stress significantly enhanced total protein and lysine, soluble sugars, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents, antioxidant enzymes activities, and proline accumulation in plants treated with ZnO NPs. Moreover, the ZnO NPs increased the expression of the genes involved in proline biosynthesis (i.e., P5CS), catalase activity (i.e., CAT1), and dehydration-responsive genes DREB2 and Wdhn13, which are known as drought-tolerance parameters. Conclusions According to our results, ZnO NP-treated wheat induced drought-tolerance genes and effectively facilitated deficiency tolerance. Therefore, under drought stress, we recommend spraying bread wheat with ZnO NPs (1 g. L-1) in the growing season, which can improve wheat grain yield under dry conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh Godehkahriz
- Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Ardabil, Iran
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Decena MA, Gálvez-Rojas S, Agostini F, Sancho R, Contreras-Moreira B, Des Marais DL, Hernandez P, Catalán P. Comparative Genomics, Evolution, and Drought-Induced Expression of Dehydrin Genes in Model Brachypodium Grasses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2664. [PMID: 34961135 PMCID: PMC8709310 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration proteins (dehydrins, DHNs) confer tolerance to water-stress deficit in plants. We performed a comparative genomics and evolutionary study of DHN genes in four model Brachypodium grass species. Due to limited knowledge on dehydrin expression under water deprivation stress in Brachypodium, we also performed a drought-induced gene expression analysis in 32 ecotypes of the genus' flagship species B. distachyon showing different hydric requirements. Genomic sequence analysis detected 10 types of dehydrin genes (Bdhn) across the Brachypodium species. Domain and conserved motif contents of peptides encoded by Bdhn genes revealed eight protein architectures. Bdhn genes were spread across several chromosomes. Selection analysis indicated that all the Bdhn genes were constrained by purifying selection. Three upstream cis-regulatory motifs (BES1, MYB124, ZAT) were detected in several Bdhn genes. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that only four Bdhn1-Bdhn2, Bdhn3, and Bdhn7 genes, orthologs of wheat, barley, rice, sorghum, and maize genes, were expressed in mature leaves of B. distachyon and that all of them were more highly expressed in plants under drought conditions. Brachypodium dehydrin expression was significantly correlated with drought-response phenotypic traits (plant biomass, leaf carbon and proline contents and water use efficiency increases, and leaf water and nitrogen content decreases) being more pronounced in drought-tolerant ecotypes. Our results indicate that dehydrin type and regulation could be a key factor determining the acquisition of water-stress tolerance in grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Decena
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Sergio Gálvez-Rojas
- ETSI Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Blvr Louis Pasteur 35, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (F.A.)
| | - Federico Agostini
- ETSI Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Blvr Louis Pasteur 35, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (F.A.)
- Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste, UNNE-CONICET, Corrientes W3402, Argentina
| | - Ruben Sancho
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Bruno Contreras-Moreira
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David L. Des Marais
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 15 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Pilar Hernandez
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, IAS-CSIC, Menendez Pidal Ave, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Catalán
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312619. [PMID: 34884426 PMCID: PMC8657568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins, also known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, are classic intrinsically disordered proteins, which have high hydrophilicity. A wide range of hostile environmental conditions including low temperature, drought, and high salinity stimulate dehydrin expression. Numerous studies have furnished evidence for the protective role played by dehydrins in plants exposed to abiotic stress. Furthermore, dehydrins play important roles in seed maturation and plant stress tolerance. Hence, dehydrins might also protect plasma membranes and proteins and stabilize DNA conformations. In the present review, we discuss the regulatory networks of dehydrin gene expression including the abscisic acid (ABA), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Crosstalk among these molecules and pathways may form a complex, diverse regulatory network, which may be implicated in regulating the same dehydrin.
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12
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Wang L, Zhu T, Rodriguez JC, Deal KR, Dubcovsky J, McGuire PE, Lux T, Spannagl M, Mayer KFX, Baldrich P, Meyers BC, Huo N, Gu YQ, Zhou H, Devos KM, Bennetzen JL, Unver T, Budak H, Gulick PJ, Galiba G, Kalapos B, Nelson DR, Li P, You FM, Luo MC, Dvorak J. Aegilops tauschii genome assembly Aet v5.0 features greater sequence contiguity and improved annotation. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6369516. [PMID: 34515796 PMCID: PMC8664484 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aegilops tauschii is the donor of the D subgenome of hexaploid wheat and an important genetic resource. The reference-quality genome sequence Aet v4.0 for Ae. tauschii acc. AL8/78 was therefore an important milestone for wheat biology and breeding. Further advances in sequencing acc. AL8/78 and release of the Aet v5.0 sequence assembly are reported here. Two new optical maps were constructed and used in the revision of pseudomolecules. Gaps were closed with Pacific Biosciences long-read contigs, decreasing the gap number by 38,899. Transposable elements and protein-coding genes were reannotated. The number of annotated high-confidence genes was reduced from 39,635 in Aet v4.0 to 32,885 in Aet v5.0. A total of 2245 biologically important genes, including those affecting plant phenology, grain quality, and tolerance of abiotic stresses in wheat, was manually annotated and disease-resistance genes were annotated by a dedicated pipeline. Disease-resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding site domains, receptor-like protein kinases, and receptor-like proteins were preferentially located in distal chromosome regions, whereas those encoding transmembrane coiled-coil proteins were dispersed more evenly along the chromosomes. Discovery, annotation, and expression analyses of microRNA (miRNA) precursors, mature miRNAs, and phasiRNAs are reported, including miRNA target genes. Other small RNAs, such as hc-siRNAs and tRFs, were characterized. These advances enhance the utility of the Ae. tauschii genome sequence for wheat genetics, biotechnology, and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Juan C Rodriguez
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Karin R Deal
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Patrick E McGuire
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Thomas Lux
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Manuel Spannagl
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Klaus F X Mayer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Patricia Baldrich
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, USA
| | - Blake C Meyers
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, USA.,University of Missouri, Columbia, Division of Plant Sciences, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Naxin Huo
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Albany, California 94710, USA
| | - Yong Q Gu
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Albany, California 94710, USA
| | - Hongye Zhou
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Katrien M Devos
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics (Dept. of Crop & Soil Sciences) and Dept. of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | | | - Turgay Unver
- Ficus Biotechnology, Ostim Teknopark, Ankara 06374, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Montana BioAg Inc., Missoula, Montana 59801, USA
| | - Patrick J Gulick
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Gabor Galiba
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.,Department of Environmental Sustainability, IES, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - David R Nelson
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
| | - Pingchuan Li
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C5, Canada
| | - Frank M You
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C5, Canada
| | - Ming-Cheng Luo
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jan Dvorak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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13
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Urbanavičiūtė I, Bonfiglioli L, Pagnotta MA. One Hundred Candidate Genes and Their Roles in Drought and Salt Tolerance in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126378. [PMID: 34203629 PMCID: PMC8232269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are major constraints to agriculture. In this review, we present an overview of the global situation and the consequences of drought and salt stress connected to climatic changes. We provide a list of possible genetic resources as sources of resistance or tolerant traits, together with the previous studies that focused on transferring genes from the germplasm to cultivated varieties. We explained the morphological and physiological aspects connected to hydric stresses, described the mechanisms that induce tolerance, and discussed the results of the main studies. Finally, we described more than 100 genes associated with tolerance to hydric stresses in the Triticeae. These were divided in agreement with their main function into osmotic adjustment and ionic and redox homeostasis. The understanding of a given gene function and expression pattern according to hydric stress is particularly important for the efficient selection of new tolerant genotypes in classical breeding. For this reason, the current review provides a crucial reference for future studies on the mechanism involved in hydric stress tolerance and the use of these genes in mark assistance selection (MAS) to select the wheat germplasm to face the climatic changes.
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14
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Allagulova C, Avalbaev A, Fedorova K, Shakirova F. Methyl jasmonate alleviates water stress-induced damages by promoting dehydrins accumulation in wheat plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:676-682. [PMID: 32861034 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of dehydrins participation in MeJA-induced protection of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) from drought stress was performed. The dehydration was designed by the presence of mannitol in increasing concentration (3, 4, and 5%) in the growth medium of wheat seedlings. Pre-treatment of 3-days-old seedlings with 0.1 μM MeJA reduced the level of drought-induced growth retardation as well as membrane structures lesions. Exogenous MeJA enhanced accumulation of the TADHN dehydrin transcripts and dehydrin proteins with Mw 28 and 55 kDa in wheat seedlings under normal conditions and additionally increased their expression during dehydration. The obtained data may indicate the dehydrins involvement in MeJA protective effect on wheat plants from the damages caused by water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulpan Allagulova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia.
| | - Azamat Avalbaev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Kristina Fedorova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Farida Shakirova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
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15
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Liu D, Sun J, Zhu D, Lyu G, Zhang C, Liu J, Wang H, Zhang X, Gao D. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiles of Late Embryogenesis-Abundant (LEA) Genes during Grain Maturation in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090696. [PMID: 31510067 PMCID: PMC6770980 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) genes play important roles in plant growth and development, especially the cellular dehydration tolerance during seed maturation. In order to comprehensively understand the roles of LEA family members in wheat, we carried out a series of analyses based on the latest genome sequence of the bread wheat Chinese Spring. 121 Triticum aestivum L. LEA (TaLEA) genes, classified as 8 groups, were identified and characterized. TaLEA genes are distributed in all chromosomes, most of them with a low number of introns (≤3). Expression profiles showed that most TaLEA genes expressed specifically in grains. By qRT-PCR analysis, we confirmed that 12 genes among them showed high expression levels during late stage grain maturation in two spring wheat cultivars, Yangmai16 and Yangmai15. For most genes, the peak of expression appeared earlier in Yangmai16. Statistical analysis indicated that expression level of 8 genes in Yangmai 16 were significantly higher than Yangmai 15 at 25 days after anthesis. Taken together, our results provide more knowledge for future functional analysis and potential utilization of TaLEA genes in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Dongmei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Guofeng Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
| | - Derong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China.
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16
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Sharma S, Chen C, Khatri K, Rathore MS, Pandey SP. Gracilaria dura extract confers drought tolerance in wheat by modulating abscisic acid homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 136:143-154. [PMID: 30684843 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Water stress severely reduces the production of wheat. Application of seaweed extracts have started to show promise in protecting plants from environmental stresses as they contain several biostimulants. However, the modes of action of these biostimulants are not clear. Here, we investigated the role of Gracilaria dura (GD), a red alga, in conferring stress tolerance to wheat during drought under glasshouse and agro-ecological conditions by integrating molecular studies with physiological and field investigations. GD-sap application conferred drought tolerance (as the biomass increased by up to 57% and crop yield by 70%), via facilitating physiological changes associated to maintaining higher water content. GD-sap application significantly increased ABA accumulation (2.34 and 1.46 fold at 4 and 6 days of drought, respectively) due to enhanced expression of biosynthesis genes. This followed an activation of ABA response genes and physiological processes including reduced stomatal opening, thus reducing water loss. Moreover, GD-sap application enhanced the expression of stress-protective genes specifically under water stress. Treatment with fluridone, an ABA inhibitor, further support the role of ABA in GD-sap mediated drought tolerance in wheat. The findings of this study provide insights into the functional role of GD-sap in improving drought tolerance and show the potential to commercialize GD-sap as a potent biostimulant for sustainable agriculture in regions prone to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR, New Delhi, India.
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kusum Khatri
- CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR, New Delhi, India
| | - Mangal S Rathore
- CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Shree P Pandey
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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17
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Edrisi Maryan K, Samizadeh Lahiji H, Farrokhi N, Hasani Komeleh H. Analysis of Brassica napus dehydrins and their Co-Expression regulatory networks in relation to cold stress. Gene Expr Patterns 2018; 31:7-17. [PMID: 30408599 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs) are plant specific cold and drought stress-responsive proteins that belong to late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein families. B. napus DHNs (BnDHNs) were computationally analyzed to establish gene regulatory- and protein-protein interaction networks. Promoter analyses suggested functionality of phytohormones in BnDHNs gene network. The relative expressions of some BnDHNs were analyzed using qRT-PCR in seedling leaves of both cold-tolerant (Zarfam) and -sensitive (Sari Gul) canola treated/untreated by cold. Our expression data were indicative of the importance of BnDHNs in cold tolerance in Zarfam. BnDHNs were classified into three classes according to the expression pattern. Moreover, expression of three BnDHN types, SKn (BnLEA10 and BnLEA18), YnKn (BnLEA90) and YnSKn (BnLEA104) were significantly high in the tolerant cultivar at 12 h of cold treatment. Our findings put forward the possibility of considering these genes as screening biomarker to determine cold-tolerant breeding lines; something that needs to be further corroborated. Furthermore, these genes may have some implications in developing such tolerant lines via transgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khazar Edrisi Maryan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Naser Farrokhi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University. G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Hasani Komeleh
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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18
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Zhang H, Shi Y, Liu X, Wang R, Li J, Xu J. Transgenic creeping bentgrass plants expressing a Picea wilsonii dehydrin gene (PicW) demonstrate improved freezing tolerance. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1627-1635. [PMID: 30105551 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Agrostis stolonifera L. 'Penn A-4' is a common creeping bentgrass species that is widely used in urban landscaping and golf courses. To prolong the green stage of this grass, a dehydrin gene PicW isolated from Wilson's spruce (Picea wilsonii) was transformed into plants of 'Penn A-4' cultivar via a straightforward stolon node infection system. A putative transgenic plant was obtained and its tolerance to low-temperature stress was evaluated. When the transgenic line was subjected to a freezing (- 5 °C) treatment, it showed better viability and more robust physiology than wild type, as evidenced by higher soluble sugar and proline contents, and lower relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content. The transgenic line also showed tolerance to a chilling treatment (5 °C), although its performance was not significantly different from that of wild-type plants. Overall, the research here clearly revealed the explicit role of PicW in increasing freezing tolerance of grass at the whole-plant level, and demonstrated that the straightforward stolon node transformation method could be well used to genetically modify turfgrass. The obtained transgenic line might be as genetic resource for breeding program and practiced to grow in cold temperate zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yang Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinru Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jian Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jichen Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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19
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Genome-wide in silico analysis of dehydrins in Sorghum bicolor, Setaria italica and Zea mays and quantitative analysis of dehydrin gene expressions under abiotic stresses in Sorghum bicolor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Al Khateeb W, Al Shalabi A, Schroeder D, Musallam I. Phenotypic and molecular variation in drought tolerance of Jordanian durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) landraces. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:311-319. [PMID: 28461720 PMCID: PMC5391366 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-017-0434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is considered one of the major constraints of plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants respond to drought through different mechanisms including physiological, biochemical, and gene expression modulation. Studying these mechanisms will provide better understanding of drought response mechanisms and will help breeders in developing new cultivars. In this study, growth, biochemical, and molecular responses of four wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) landraces to drought stress (300 mM mannitol) were investigated at the seedling stage. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess gene expression level for a drought stress responsive gene (DHN15.1). Germination percentage, shoot length, root length, and root number for all T. durum landraces were decreased significantly under drought stress. However, drought stress caused an increase in proline content, lipid peroxidation level, and DHN15.1 transcript level. According to the studied traits, the Karak landrace showed long shoots (48% relative to its control), the longest roots (45% relative to its control) and the highest proline content (483% relative to its control). The results indicate that from the landraces studied, Karak may be selected as the most tolerant wheat landrace and may help in wheat breeding programs for adaptation to drought-prone environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Al Khateeb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ala’a Al Shalabi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dana Schroeder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Iyad Musallam
- Biodiversity and Medicinal Plants Department, National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, Amman, Jordan
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21
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Cao Y, Xiang X, Geng M, You Q, Huang X. Effect of HbDHN1 and HbDHN2 Genes on Abiotic Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:470. [PMID: 28443102 PMCID: PMC5385384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrin is a type of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein. The dehydrin genes, HbDHN1 and HbDHN2, in Hevea brasiliensis were previously found to be induced at the wounding site of epicormic shoots, with local tissue dehydration identified as the key signal for laticifer differentiation. However, the exact role of the HbDHNs remains unknown. In this study, HbDHN1 and HbDHN2 expression was examined under multiple abiotic stresses; namely, cold, salt, drought, wounding, abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment. Although, both HbDHNs were defined as SK2-type dehydrin, they showed different cellular localizations. Overexpression of the HbDHNs in Arabidopsis thaliana further revealed a significant increase in tolerance to salt, drought and osmotic stresses. Increased accumulation of proline and a reduction in electrolyte leakage were also observed under salt and drought stress, and a higher water content was indicated under osmotic stress. The transgenic plants also showed higher activity levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and accumulated less hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide ([Formula: see text]). Given that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to be a key signal for laticifer differentiation, these findings suggest that HbDHNs act as ROS scavengers, directly or indirectly affecting laticifer differentiation. Both HbDHNs therefore influence physiological processes, improving plant tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses.
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22
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Wang M, Lu X, Xu G, Yin X, Cui Y, Huang L, Rocha PSCF, Xia X. OsSGL, a novel pleiotropic stress-related gene enhances grain length and yield in rice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38157. [PMID: 27917884 PMCID: PMC5137154 DOI: 10.1038/srep38157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress seriously affects the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Grain yield in rice is multiplicatively determined by the number of panicles, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Here, we describe the molecular and functional characterization of STRESS_tolerance and GRAIN_LENGTH (OsSGL), a rice gene strongly up-regulated by a wide spectrum of abiotic stresses. OsSGL encodes a putative member of the DUF1645 protein family of unknown function. Overexpression of OsSGL significantly altered certain development processes greatly and positively affecting an array of traits in transgenic rice plants, including increased grain length, grain weight and grain number per panicle, resulting in a significant increase in yield. Microscopical analysis showed that the enhanced OsSGL expression promoted cell division and grain filling. Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that a large number of genes involved in stress-response, cell cycle and cytokinin signaling processes were induced or suppressed in OsSGL-overexpressing plants. Together, our results suggest that OsSGL may regulate stress-tolerance and cell growth by acting via a cytokinin signaling pathway. This study not only contributes to our understanding of the underlying mechanism regulating rice stress-tolerance and grain length, but also provides a strategy for tailor-made crop yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xuedan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xuming Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Yanchun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Lifang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Pedro S C F Rocha
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xinjie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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23
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Kalapos B, Dobrev P, Nagy T, Vítámvás P, Györgyey J, Kocsy G, Marincs F, Galiba G. Transcript and hormone analyses reveal the involvement of ABA-signalling, hormone crosstalk and genotype-specific biological processes in cold-shock response in wheat. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 253:86-97. [PMID: 27969000 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of one-day cold-shock on the transcriptome and phytohormones (auxin, cytokinins, abscisic, jasmonic and salicylic acids) was characterised in freezing-sensitive (Chinese Spring), highly freezing-tolerant (Cheyenne) and moderately freezing-tolerant (Chinese Spring substituted with Cheyenne's 5A chromosome) wheat genotypes. Altogether, 636 differentially expressed genes responding to cold-shock were identified. Defence genes encoding LEA proteins, dehydrins, chaperons and other temperature-stress responsive proteins were up-regulated in a genotype-independent manner. Abscisic acid was up-regulated by cold accompanied by adherent expression of its metabolic genes. Data revealed the involvement of particular routes within ABA-dependent signalling in response to cold-shock in the examined genotypes. Cold-shock affected gene expression along carbohydrate metabolic pathways. In photosynthesis, cold-shock changed the expression of a number of genes in the same way as it was previously reported for ABA. Overrepresentation analysis of the differentially expressed genes supported the ABA-signalling and carbohydrate metabolism results, and revealed some pronounced biological process GO categories associated with the cold-shock response of the genotypes. Protein network analysis indicated differences between the genotypes in the information flow along their signal perception and transduction, suggesting different biochemical and cellular strategies in their reaction to cold-shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kalapos
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary; Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360, Keszthely, Festetics u. 7, Hungary.
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Tibor Nagy
- Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, NAIK, 2100 Gödöllő, Szent-Györgyi Albert u. 4, Hungary.
| | - Pavel Vítámvás
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73 16106 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - János Györgyey
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Kocsy
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Marincs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary; Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, NAIK, 2100 Gödöllő, Szent-Györgyi Albert u. 4, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Galiba
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary; Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360, Keszthely, Festetics u. 7, Hungary.
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Wojtyla Ł, Lechowska K, Kubala S, Garnczarska M. Molecular processes induced in primed seeds-increasing the potential to stabilize crop yields under drought conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 203:116-126. [PMID: 27174076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress factors such as drought, salinity, temperature extremes and rising CO2 negatively affect crop growth and productivity. Faced with the scarcity of water resources, drought is the most critical threat to world food security. This is particularly important in the context of climate change and an increasing world population. Seed priming is a very promising strategy in modern crop production management. Although it has been known for several years that seed priming can enhance seed quality and the effectiveness of stress responses of germinating seeds and seedlings, the molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of stress tolerance by primed seeds in the germination process and subsequent plant growth remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the metabolic changes modulated by priming, such as the activation of DNA repair and the antioxidant system, accumulation of aquaporins and late embryogenesis abundant proteins that contribute to enhanced drought stress tolerance. Moreover, the phenomenon of "priming memory," which is established during priming and can be recruited later when seeds or plants are exposed to stress, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wojtyla
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Lechowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Szymon Kubala
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Garnczarska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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25
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The isolation and characterization of a putative dehydrin gene in Triticum aestivum L. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Schmidt D, Gaziola SA, Boaretto LF, Azevedo RA. Proteomic analysis of mature barley grains from C-hordein antisense lines. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 125:14-26. [PMID: 26976333 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hordeins are the major storage proteins in barley grains and are responsible for their low nutritional quality. Previously, antisense C-hordein barley lines were generated and were shown to contain a more balanced amino acid composition and an altered storage protein profile. In the present study, a proteomic approach that combined two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry was used to (1) identify the changes in the protein profile of non-storage proteins (salt soluble fraction) in antisense C-hordein barley lines (L1, L2 and L3) and (2) map the differentially expressed proteins compared to the non-transgenic control line (Hordeum vulgare cv. Golden Promise). Moreover, the changes in the proteins were correlated with the more balanced amino acid composition of these lines, with special attention to the lysine content. The results showed that suppression of C-hordein expression does not exclusively affect hordein synthesis and accumulation. The more balanced amino acid composition observed in the transgenic lines L1, L2 and L3 was an indirect result of the profound alterations in the patterns of the non-storage proteins. The observed changes included up-regulated expression of the proteins involved in stress and detoxification (L1), defence (L2 and L3), and storage globulins (L1, L2 and L3). To a lesser extent, the proteins involved in grain metabolism were also changed. Thus, the increased essential amino acids content results from changes in distinct protein sources among the three antisense C-hordein lines analyzed, although the up-regulated expression of lysine-rich proteins was consistently observed in all lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Schmidt
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP CEP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Salete Aparecida Gaziola
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP CEP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Boaretto
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP CEP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP CEP 13418-900, Brazil.
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27
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Uçarlı C, McGuffin LJ, Çaputlu S, Aravena A, Gürel F. Genetic diversity at the Dhn3 locus in Turkish Hordeum spontaneum populations with comparative structural analyses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20966. [PMID: 26869072 PMCID: PMC4751488 DOI: 10.1038/srep20966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We analysed Hordeum spontaneum accessions from 21 different locations to understand the genetic diversity of HsDhn3 alleles and effects of single base mutations on the intrinsically disordered structure of the resulting polypeptide (HsDHN3). HsDHN3 was found to be YSK2-type with a low-frequency 6-aa deletion in the beginning of Exon 1. There is relatively high diversity in the intron region of HsDhn3 compared to the two exon regions. We have found subtle differences in K segments led to changes in amino acids chemical properties. Predictions for protein interaction profiles suggest the presence of a protein-binding site in HsDHN3 that coincides with the K1 segment. Comparison of DHN3 to closely related cereals showed that all of them contain a nuclear localization signal sequence flanking to the K1 segment and a novel conserved region located between the S and K1 segments [E(D/T)DGMGGR]. We found that H. vulgare, H. spontaneum, and Triticum urartu DHN3s have a greater number of phosphorylation sites for protein kinase C than other cereal species, which may be related to stress adaptation. Our results show that the nature and extent of mutations in the conserved segments of K1 and K2 are likely to be key factors in protection of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Uçarlı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Liam J McGuffin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, UK
| | - Süleyman Çaputlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andres Aravena
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Gürel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Qin YX, Qin F. Dehydrins from wheat x Thinopyrum ponticum amphiploid increase salinity and drought tolerance under their own inducible promoters without growth retardation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 99:142-9. [PMID: 26756791 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins confer abiotic stress tolerance in seedlings, but few dehydrins have been studied by transgenic analysis under their own promoters in relation to abiotic stress tolerance. Also the inducible promoters for transgenic engineering are limited. In this study, we isolated from wheat three salt-induced YSK2 dehydrin genes and their promoters. The cDNA sequences were 711, 785, and 932 bp in length, encoding proteins containing 133, 166 and 231 amino acids, respectively, and were named TaDHN1, TaDHN2, and TaDHN3. TaDHN2 doesn't contain introns, while the other two genes each contain one. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed all three dehydrin genes are substantially induced by ABA and NaCl, but only TaDHN2 is induced in seedlings by PEG and by cold (4 °C). Regulatory sequences upstream of the first translation codon (775, 1615 and 889 bp) of the three dehydrin genes were also cloned. Cis-element prediction indicated the presence of ABRE and other abiotic-stress-related elements. Histochemical analysis using GUS expression demonstrated that all three promoters were induced by ABA, cold or NaCl. Ectopic over-expression of TaDHN1 or TaDHN3 in Arabidopsis under their own inducible promoters enhanced NaCl- and drought-stress tolerance without growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Qin
- University of Jinan, School of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Fangyuan Qin
- Department of School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, PR China
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29
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Babben S, Perovic D, Koch M, Ordon F. An Efficient Approach for the Development of Locus Specific Primers in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Its Application to Re-Sequencing of Genes Involved in Frost Tolerance. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142746. [PMID: 26565976 PMCID: PMC4643983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent declines in costs accelerated sequencing of many species with large genomes, including hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although the draft sequence of bread wheat is known, it is still one of the major challenges to developlocus specific primers suitable to be used in marker assisted selection procedures, due to the high homology of the three genomes. In this study we describe an efficient approach for the development of locus specific primers comprising four steps, i.e. (i) identification of genomic and coding sequences (CDS) of candidate genes, (ii) intron- and exon-structure reconstruction, (iii) identification of wheat A, B and D sub-genome sequences and primer development based on sequence differences between the three sub-genomes, and (iv); testing of primers for functionality, correct size and localisation. This approach was applied to single, low and high copy genes involved in frost tolerance in wheat. In summary for 27 of these genes for which sequences were derived from Triticum aestivum, Triticum monococcum and Hordeum vulgare, a set of 119 primer pairs was developed and after testing on Nulli-tetrasomic (NT) lines, a set of 65 primer pairs (54.6%), corresponding to 19 candidate genes, turned out to be specific. Out of these a set of 35 fragments was selected for validation via Sanger's amplicon re-sequencing. All fragments, with the exception of one, could be assigned to the original reference sequence. The approach presented here showed a much higher specificity in primer development in comparison to techniques used so far in bread wheat and can be applied to other polyploid species with a known draft sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Babben
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Dragan Perovic
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Michael Koch
- Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DSV), Lippstadt, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Frank Ordon
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
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30
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Clarke MW, Boddington KF, Warnica JM, Atkinson J, McKenna S, Madge J, Barker CH, Graether SP. Structural and Functional Insights into the Cryoprotection of Membranes by the Intrinsically Disordered Dehydrins. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26900-26913. [PMID: 26370084 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydration can be due to desiccation caused by a lack of environmental water or to freezing caused by a lack of liquid water. Plants have evolved a large family of proteins called LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins, which include the intrinsically disordered dehydrin (dehydration protein) family, to combat these abiotic stresses. Although transcription and translation studies have shown a correlation between dehydration stress and the presence of dehydrins, the biochemical mechanisms have remained somewhat elusive. We examine here the effect and structure of a small model dehydrin (Vitis riparia K2) on the protection of membranes from freeze-thaw stress. This protein is able to bind to liposomes containing phosphatidic acid and protect the liposomes from fusing after freeze-thaw treatment. The presence of K2 did not measurably affect liposome surface accessibility or lipid mobility but did lower its membrane transition temperature by 3 °C. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a membrane model, we examined the NMR structure of K2 in the presence and absence of the micelle. Biochemical and NMR experiments show that the conserved, lysine-rich segments are involved in the binding of the dehydrin to a membrane, whereas the poorly conserved φ segments play no role in binding or protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Clarke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kelly F Boddington
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Josephine M Warnica
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Sarah McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Madge
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Christine H Barker
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Steffen P Graether
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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31
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Chiappetta A, Muto A, Bruno L, Woloszynska M, Lijsebettens MV, Bitonti MB. A dehydrin gene isolated from feral olive enhances drought tolerance in Arabidopsis transgenic plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:392. [PMID: 26175736 PMCID: PMC4485055 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins belong to a protein family whose expression may be induced or enhanced by developmental process and environmental stresses that lead to cell dehydration. A dehydrin gene named OesDHN was isolated and characterized from oleaster (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea, var. sylvestris), the wild form of olive. To elucidate the contribution of OesDHN in the development of drought tolerance, its expression levels were investigated in oleaster plants during development and under drought stress condition. The involvement of OesDHN in plant stress response was also evaluated in Arabidopsis transgenic lines, engineered to overexpress this gene, and exposed to a controlled mild osmotic stress. OesDHN expression was found to be modulated during development and induced under mild drought stress in oleaster plants. In addition, the Arabidopsis transgenic plants showed a better tolerance to osmotic stress than wild-type plants. The results demonstrated that OesDHN expression is induced by drought stress and is able to confer osmotic stress tolerance. We suggest a role for OesDHN, as a putative functional marker of plant stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Chiappetta
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of CalabriaCosenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Muto
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of CalabriaCosenza, Italy
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of CalabriaCosenza, Italy
| | - Magdalena Woloszynska
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Mieke Van Lijsebettens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Maria B. Bitonti
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of CalabriaCosenza, Italy
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32
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Charfeddine S, Saïdi MN, Charfeddine M, Gargouri-Bouzid R. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the late embryogenesis abundant genes in potato with emphasis on dehydrins. Mol Biol Rep 2015. [PMID: 25638043 DOI: 10.1007/s11033‐015‐3853‐2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins were first described as accumulating late in plant seed development. They were also shown to be involved in plant responses to environmental stress and as well as in bacteria, yeast and invertebrates. They are known to play crucial roles in dehydration tolerance. This study describes a genome-wide analysis of LEA proteins and the corresponding genes in Solanum tuberosum. Twenty-nine LEA family members encoding genes in the Solanum genome were identified. Phylogenetic analyses allowed the classification of the potato LEA proteins into nine distinct groups. Some of them were identified as putative orthologs of Arabidopsis and rice LEA genes. In silico analyses confirmed the hydrophilicity of most of the StLEA proteins, whereas some of them can be folded. The in silico expression analyses showed that the identified genes displayed tissue-specific, stress and hormone-responsive expression profiles. Five StLEA classified as dehydrins were selected for expression analyses under salt and drought stresses. The data revealed that they were induced by both stresses. The analyses indicate that several factors such us developmental stages, hormones, and dehydration, can regulate the expression and activities of LEA protein. This report can be helpful for the further functional diversity studies and analyses of LEA proteins in potato. These genes can be overexpressed to improve potato abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Charfeddine
- Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route Soukra Km 4, B.P 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia,
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33
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Charfeddine S, Saïdi MN, Charfeddine M, Gargouri-Bouzid R. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the late embryogenesis abundant genes in potato with emphasis on dehydrins. Mol Biol Rep 2015; 42:1163-74. [PMID: 25638043 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-015-3853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins were first described as accumulating late in plant seed development. They were also shown to be involved in plant responses to environmental stress and as well as in bacteria, yeast and invertebrates. They are known to play crucial roles in dehydration tolerance. This study describes a genome-wide analysis of LEA proteins and the corresponding genes in Solanum tuberosum. Twenty-nine LEA family members encoding genes in the Solanum genome were identified. Phylogenetic analyses allowed the classification of the potato LEA proteins into nine distinct groups. Some of them were identified as putative orthologs of Arabidopsis and rice LEA genes. In silico analyses confirmed the hydrophilicity of most of the StLEA proteins, whereas some of them can be folded. The in silico expression analyses showed that the identified genes displayed tissue-specific, stress and hormone-responsive expression profiles. Five StLEA classified as dehydrins were selected for expression analyses under salt and drought stresses. The data revealed that they were induced by both stresses. The analyses indicate that several factors such us developmental stages, hormones, and dehydration, can regulate the expression and activities of LEA protein. This report can be helpful for the further functional diversity studies and analyses of LEA proteins in potato. These genes can be overexpressed to improve potato abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Charfeddine
- Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route Soukra Km 4, B.P 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia,
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34
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Graether SP, Boddington KF. Disorder and function: a review of the dehydrin protein family. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:576. [PMID: 25400646 PMCID: PMC4215689 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration proteins (dehydrins) are group 2 members of the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family. The protein architecture of dehydrins can be described by the presence of three types of conserved sequence motifs that have been named the K-, Y-, and S-segments. By definition, a dehydrin must contain at least one copy of the lysine-rich K-segment. Abiotic stresses such as drought, cold, and salinity cause the upregulation of dehydrin mRNA and protein levels. Despite the large body of genetic and protein evidence of the importance of these proteins in stress response, the in vivo protective mechanism is not fully known. In vitro experimental evidence from biochemical assays and localization experiments suggests multiple roles for dehydrins, including membrane protection, cryoprotection of enzymes, and protection from reactive oxygen species. Membrane binding by dehydrins is likely to be as a peripheral membrane protein, since the protein sequences are highly hydrophilic and contain many charged amino acids. Because of this, dehydrins in solution are intrinsically disordered proteins, that is, they have no well-defined secondary or tertiary structure. Despite their disorder, dehydrins have been shown to gain structure when bound to ligands such as membranes, and to possibly change their oligomeric state when bound to ions. We review what is currently known about dehydrin sequences and their structures, and examine the various ligands that have been shown to bind to this family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen P. Graether
- *Correspondence: Steffen P. Graether, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
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35
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Kosová K, Vítámvás P, Prášil IT. Wheat and barley dehydrins under cold, drought, and salinity - what can LEA-II proteins tell us about plant stress response? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:343. [PMID: 25071816 PMCID: PMC4089117 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins as a group of late embryogenesis abundant II proteins represent important dehydration-inducible proteins whose accumulation is induced by developmental processes (embryo maturation) as well as by several abiotic stress factors (low temperatures, drought, salinity). In the review, an overview of studies aimed at investigation of dehydrin accumulation patterns at transcript and protein levels as well as their possible functions in common wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (T. durum), and barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants exposed to various abiotic stress factors (cold, frost, drought, salinity) is provided. Possible roles of dehydrin proteins in an acquisition and maintenance of an enhanced frost tolerance are analyzed in the context of plant developmental processes (vernalization). Quantitative and qualitative differences as well as post-translational modifications in accumulated dehydrin proteins between barley cultivars revealing differential tolerance to drought and salinity are also discussed. Current knowledge on dehydrin role in wheat and barley response to major dehydrative stresses is summarized and the major challenges in dehydrin research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Kosová
- *Correspondence: Klára Kosová, Plant Stress Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Product Quality, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague 6 – Ruzyně, Czech Republic e-mail:
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