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Bierza K, Bierza W. The effect of industrial and urban dust pollution on the ecophysiology and leaf element concentration of Tilia cordata Mill. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34999-9. [PMID: 39316210 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The influences of airborne trace elements in urban dust on element concentrations and functional traits of Tilia cordata were examined. For the present study, the unwashed and washed leaves of T. cordata were collected to assess the concentration of metals in Katowice City, Poland, from sites of different traffic intensity and industry activity. The content of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, C, and N was measured. Additionally, a number of functional traits such as photosynthetic pigment content, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), and diseased areas of the leaves were determined to assess the impact of the polluters on the physiology of the trees and their resources acquisition strategy. We hypothesized that the photosynthetic pigments of T. cordata will decrease with the traffic and industry intensity, and the traits related to the resources acquisition and stress resistance will shift into a more conservative strategy. The Principal Component Analysis and the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method helped to identify that the Fe, Zn, Al, and Cr were related mainly to traffic intensification and Pb to industrial activities. The results indicate that Katowice is considerably polluted by Zn (up to 189.6 and 260.2 mg kg-1 in washed and unwashed leaves, respectively), Pb (up to 51.7 and 133.6 mg kg-1), and Cd (up to 2.27 and 2.43 mg kg-1) compared to other cities worldwide. Also, a reduction of approximately 27% in the photosynthetic pigments was observed at the high-traffic and industrial sites. The trees from the mainly affected areas with heavy traffic and industry tend to apply a conservative resources strategy with a decrement in SLA and an increment in LDMC. In contrast, the opposite trend was observed at the less affected sites (high SLA, low LDMC). The study showed that unfavourable urban conditions can trigger a plastic response on multiple levels. Knowledge of the possible paths of adaptation to urban conditions of different plant species is nowadays crucial to appropriate urban greenery planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bierza
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Bierza
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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Guaca-Cruz L, Sterling A, Clavijo A, Suárez-Salazar JC. Leaf antioxidant activity in Colombian elite Hevea brasiliensis genotypes as a breeding strategy for water deficit tolerance under Amazonia conditions. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306083. [PMID: 39264875 PMCID: PMC11392401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the foliar antioxidant activity in nine Hevea brasiliensis genotypes from the ECC-1 (Élite Caquetá Colombia) selection and IAN 873 cultivar (control) in trees in the growth stage in two large-scale clonal trials in response to different climatic (semi-humid warm and humid warm sites) and seasonal (dry and rainy periods) conditions in the Colombian Amazon. The results indicated that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production increased under conditions of lower water availability (dry period), leading to lipid peroxidation, high defense of photosynthetic pigments, and development of better osmotic adjustment capacity in the ECC 64, IAN 873, ECC 90, and ECC 35 genotypes due to high concentrations of carotenoids (0.40 mg g-1), reducing sugars (65.83 μg mg-1), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (2.44 nmol ml-1). In contrast, during the rainy period, a post-stress action was observed due to high contents of proline and total sugars (39.43 μg g-1 and 173.03 μg g-1, respectively). At the site level, with high Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) values (1143 moles photons m-2 s-1), temperature (32.11°C), and lower precipitation (135 mm), higher antioxidant activity (chlorophylls a, b and total, carotenoids, and proline) was recorded at the humid warm site, demonstrating that the ECC 90, ECC 64, and ECC 66 genotypes are tolerant to water deficit compared to IAN 873. The ECC 64 genotype, independent of seasonal changes and site conditions, presented the highest contents in Chl a, total Chl, reducing sugars, total sugars, and MDA, showing a tendency to adapt to fluctuating conditions. This study showed that water fluctuations do not cause the same metabolic responses, these vary within the same species, depending on their developmental stage and the climatic and seasonal variations characteristic of the Colombian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lised Guaca-Cruz
- Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales y Desarrollo Sostenible, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia
| | - Armando Sterling
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi-Facultad de Ciencias Básicas-Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Andrés Clavijo
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi-Facultad de Ciencias Básicas-Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Suárez-Salazar
- Programa de Ingeniería Agroecológica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones Amazónicas CIMAZ Macagual César Augusto Estrada González, Grupo de Investigaciones Agroecosistemas y Conservación en Bosques Amazónicos-GAIA, Florencia, Colombia
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Mofidi SSH, Naghavi MR, Sabokdast M, Jariani P, Zargar M, Cornish K. Effect of drought stress on natural rubber biosynthesis and quality in Taraxacum kok-saghyz roots. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295694. [PMID: 38252676 PMCID: PMC10802950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS) is a potential source of natural rubber (NR) that can be grown in temperate regions with limited water availability. However, the effect of drought stress on NR production and properties in TKS isn't well studied. This study examined how different levels of drought stress (30, 60 and 90%) influenced the NR content, molecular weight (Mw), glass transition temperature (Tg), gene expression, and biochemical parameters in TKS roots. The results showed that drought stress didn't significantly change the NR content, but increased the Mw and the expression of CPT and SRPP genes, which are involved in NR biosynthesis. The NR from TKS roots (TNR) had a high Mw of 994,000 g/mol and a low Tg of below -60°C under normal irrigation, indicating its suitability for industrial applications. Drought stress also triggered the accumulation of proline, H2O2, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX) in TKS roots significantly, indicating a drought tolerance mechanism. These findings suggest that TKS can produce high-quality NR under drought stress conditions and provide a sustainable alternative to conventional NR sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Shahab Hedayat Mofidi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Naghavi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Manijeh Sabokdast
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Parisa Jariani
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Meisam Zargar
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Katrina Cornish
- Departments of Horticulture and Crop Science, and Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America
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Xu F, Yu F. Sensing and regulation of plant extracellular pH. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1422-1437. [PMID: 37596188 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
In plants, pH determines nutrient acquisition and sensing, and triggers responses to osmotic stress, whereas pH homeostasis protects the cellular machinery. Extracellular pH (pHe) controls the chemistry and rheology of the cell wall to adjust its elasticity and regulate cell expansion in space and time. Plasma membrane (PM)-localized proton pumps, cell-wall components, and cell wall-remodeling enzymes jointly maintain pHe homeostasis. To adapt to their environment and modulate growth and development, plant cells must sense subtle changes in pHe caused by the environment or neighboring cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that PM-localized cell-surface peptide-receptor pairs sense pHe. We highlight recent advances in understanding how plants perceive and maintain pHe, and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Liang X, Li J, Ren S, Zhang C, Wang M. Exogenous spraying of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt promotes growth and flavonoid biosynthesis of mulberry leaves ( Morus alba L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:971-983. [PMID: 37649887 PMCID: PMC10462555 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are known as an ideal vegetable with good antioxidant effect, which can bring delicious taste and multiple health benefits. In the present study, the effects of 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (4-CPANa) treatment on growth and content of flavonoid compounds in mulberry leaves were investigated. Moreover, the changes in the expression levels of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthetic pathways, and the accumulation of important secondary metabolites including rutin (Rut), chlorogenic acid (ChA), isoquercitrin (IQ) and astragalin (Ast), were investigated in mulberry leaves. The results showed that 4-CPANa treatment could significantly promote the differentiation and growth of mulberry, increased shoot number, bud number, leaf fresh weight and leaf area of mulberry compared with control. Besides, the contents of ChA, Rut, IQ and Ast were significantly increased after 4-CPANa (5 mg/L) treatment. Further analysis revealed that 5 mg/L 4-CPANa strongly induced the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes including flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (F3GT) gene, chalcone synthase (CHS) gene, 4-xoumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gene. In conclusion, exogenous spraying of 4-CPANa provides a new way to improve the medicinal quality and development of mulberry leaf food with high value. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01339-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Yun Duan
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Tropical Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Shanying Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Saihao Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Chenghui Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou, 570228 China
| | - Meng Wang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou, 570228 China
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Maisuria HJ, Dhaduk HL, Kumar S, Sakure AA, Thounaojam AS. Physiological and gene expression responses involved in teak (Tectona grandis L.) seedlings exposed to osmotic and salt stressors. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4875-4886. [PMID: 37060520 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teak (Tectona grandis L.) is a forest tree having 2n = 2x = 36 diploid chromosomes. Plants are continually subjected to variety of abiotic stresses due to climate change, which alter their physiological processes and gene expression. METHODS AND RESULTS The current study sought to examine the physiological and differential gene expression of teak seedlings exposed to abiotic stresses (150 mM NaCl and 15% PEG-6000). Chlorophyll content, membrane stability index and relative water content were measured at 0, 2, 7 and 12 days after treatment. These parameters were initially numerically reduced, but they were significantly reduced during a longer period of treatment. Seedlings treated with 150 mM NaCl displayed more harmful effect on the plant than other treatments. The results showed that variety of stresses significantly affect the physiology of seedlings because they cause membrane damage, ROS generation, chlorophyll degradation, and reduction in water absorption. The gene expression of treated and control seedlings was also evaluated at 12 days after treatment. Ten stress-related genes were examined for their differential expression using RT-PCR under applied stress. The stress-treated seedlings' leaves showed an up-regulated expression of the genes MYB-3, HSP-1, BI-1 and CS-2. CONCLUSION Up-regulation of the genes confirmed the protective function of these genes in plants under abiotic stress. However, gene expression was affected by treatments, the extent of stress and the species of plant. This study came to the conclusion that physiological parameters could be utilized as marker indices to assess a tree's capability to withstand stress at seedling stage. The up-regulated genes will be further investigated and utilized to validate stress tolerance and susceptible teak seedlings.
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Iqbal A, Huiping G, Qiang D, Xiangru W, Hengheng Z, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Differential responses of contrasting low phosphorus tolerant cotton genotypes under low phosphorus and drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:168. [PMID: 36997867 PMCID: PMC10061777 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is one of the main reasons for low phosphorus (P) solubility and availability. AIMS The use of low P tolerant cotton genotypes might be a possible option to grow in drought conditions. METHODS This study investigates the tolerance to drought stress in contrasting low P-tolerant cotton genotypes (Jimian169; strong tolerant to low P and DES926; weak tolerant to low P). In hydroponic culture, the drought was artificially induced with 10% PEG in both cotton genotypes followed by low (0.01 mM KH2PO4) and normal (1 mM KH2PO4) P application. RESULTS The results showed that under low P, PEG-induced drought greatly inhibited growth, dry matter production, photosynthesis, P use efficiency, and led to oxidative stress from excessive malondialdehyde (MDA) and higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and these effects were more in DES926 than Jimian169. Moreover, Jimian169 alleviated oxidative damage by improving the antioxidant system, photosynthetic activities, and an increase in the levels of osmoprotectants like free amino acids, total soluble proteins, total soluble sugars, and proline. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the low P-tolerant cotton genotype can tolerate drought conditions through high photosynthesis, antioxidant capacity, and osmotic adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China.
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China.
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Deng H, Li Q, Cao R, Ren Y, Wang G, Guo H, Bu S, Liu J, Ma P. Overexpression of SmMYC2 enhances salt resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153862. [PMID: 36399834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity significantly affects both Salvia miltiorrhiza growth and development as well as seed germination throughout field cultivation and production. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) MYC2 contributes significantly to plant stress resistance as a key regulator of the jasmonic acid signaling pathway. In transgenic S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots, SmMYC2 has been shown to promote the accumulation of tanshinone and salvianolic acid, but its role in S. miltiorrhiza of resistance to abiotic stress is unclear. Herein, we found methyl jasmonate (MeJA), NaCl, and PEG treatment all significantly increased SmMYC2 expression. In response to salt stress, SmMYC2 overexpression in yeast increased its rate of growth. Additionally, overexpression of SmMYC2 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and S. miltiorrhiza hairy root showed that it might improve salt resistance in transgenic plant. In particular, compared to WT, overexpression of SmMYC2 transgenic Arabidopsis had higher levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)), proline (Pro) content, and ABA-dependent and ABA-independent genes expression. They also had lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. What's more, overexpression of SmMYC2 increases the expression of flavonoid synthesis genes and the accumulation of related components in Arabidopsis. These findings imply that SmMYC2 functions as a positive regulator that regulates plant tolerance to salt through ABA-dependent and independent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Deng
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruizhi Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yafei Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Guanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shuhai Bu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jingying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Cahyo AN, Murti RH, Putra ETS, Oktavia F, Ismawanto S, Montoro P. Rubber Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Factor Index Revealed Different Mechanisms for Drought Resistance in Hevea brasiliensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3563. [PMID: 36559675 PMCID: PMC9781094 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is predicted that drought will be more frequent and sustained in the future, which may affect the decline of rubber tree production. Therefore, it is critical to research some of the variables related to the drought-resistance mechanism of the rubber tree. As a result, it can be used to guide the selection of new rubber drought-resistance clones. The goal of this study was to identify drought-resistance mechanisms in rubber clones from the high drought factor index (DFI) group using ecophysiological and biochemical variables. The treatments consist of two factors, namely water deficit and contrasting clones based on the DFI variable. The first factor consisted of three levels, namely normal (fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) > 0.75), severe water deficit (0.1 < FTSW < 0.20), and recovery condition (FTSW > 0.75 after rewatering). The second factor consisted of seven clones, namely clones G239, GT1 (low DFI), G127, SP 217, PB 260 (moderate DFI), as well as G206 and RRIM 600 (high DFI). RRIM 600 had the highest DFI among the other clones as a drought-tolerance mechanism characteristic. Furthermore, clones RRIM 600, GT1, and G127 had lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rate than drought-sensitive clone PB 260. As a result, as drought avoidance mechanisms, clones RRIM 600, GT1, and G127 consume less water than clone PB 260. These findings indicated that clone RRIM 600 was a drought-resistant clone with drought tolerance and avoidance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Nur Cahyo
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rudi Hari Murti
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Fetrina Oktavia
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
| | - Sigit Ismawanto
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
| | - Pascal Montoro
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Institut Agro, University Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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Vishnu MVJ, Parthiban KT, Raveendran M, Kanna SU, Radhakrishnan S, Shabbir R. Variation in biochemical, physiological and ecophysiological traits among the teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) seed sources of India. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11677. [PMID: 35804090 PMCID: PMC9270387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15878-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Teak being an iconic timber species the studies on its physiological and biochemical traits are very limited in India and worldwide. As a result, the current study aimed to assess biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, chlorophyll ab ratio, proline content, and peroxidase activity, along with physiological parameters such as Chlorophyll stability index, relative water content, and leaf area, as well as ecophysiological traits such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), Leaf temperature, intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), instantaneous water use efficiency and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency of thirty teak seed sources collected from different states of India. FCRITK 19, FCRITK 21, FCRITK 25, FCRITK 29, and FCRITK 05 were reported to have a greater photosynthetic rate (> 17 µmol m−2 s−1) coupled with a relative water content of more than 50% and a chlorophyll stability index of more than 60%, which could be used in a future genetic improvement programme. Correlation analysis indicated that water use efficiency was found to be strongly but negatively correlated with transpiration rate (−0.601) and stomatal conductance (−0.910). The proline content had a substantial positive correlation with the chlorophyll stability index (0.890), signifying that they are associated with abiotic stress conditions. Cluster analysis was attempted to discriminate the sources based on biochemical, physiological and ecophysiological traits. Eleven sources (FCRITK 25, FCRITK 27, FCRITK 29, FCRITK 14, FCRITK 30, FCRITK 16, FCRITK 05, FCRITK 13, FCRITK 02, FCRITK 17 and FCRITK 15) exhibited superior performance compared to rest of the sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Jawahar Vishnu
- Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam, 641 301, India.
| | - K T Parthiban
- Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam, 641 301, India
| | - M Raveendran
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - S Umesh Kanna
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - S Radhakrishnan
- Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam, 641 301, India
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Liu M, Wang L, Ke Y, Xian X, Wang J, Wang M, Zhang Y. Identification of HbHSP90 gene family and characterization HbHSP90.1 as a candidate gene for stress response in rubber tree. Gene 2022; 827:146475. [PMID: 35378248 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), an essential molecular chaperone, is triggered in response to stress situations in plants. However, the roles of HSP90 gene family members in rubber tree have not been totally specified. In this study, 7 HbHSP90 genes were identified from rubber tree genome. Classification of HbHSP90 family genes into three groups, namely A, B, and C was based on phylogenetic analysis. The structural and motif analyses showed similar structural features in the same group of HbHSP90 members, but differences between groups. Analysis of cis-regulatory element sequences of HbHSP90 genes indicates that the HbHSP90 gene promoter is rich in drought, temperature, and hormone elements. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the 7 HbHSP90 genes responded in different degrees to temperature, drought and powdery mildew infection, and in particularly, HbHSP90.1 was differentially expressed under both abiotic and biotic stresses. Meanwhile, HbHSP90.1 gene was significantly expressed under the treatment of different phytohormone and H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide) treatments, which means that HbHSP90.1 gene performs an essential part in the growth and development of rubber trees. Furthermore, the protein interaction results showed that HbHSP90.1 interacted with HbSGT1b. Subcellular localization showed that both HbHSP90.1 and HbSGT1b located in the nucleus. Taken together, we speculate that HbHSP90.1 interacts with HbSGT1b in the nucleus to respond to rubber tree stress processes. The results of this study provide a solid foundation for further studies on the mechanism of HbHSP90 family genes in the stress resistance response of rubber tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China; Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, PR China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China; Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, PR China
| | - Yuhang Ke
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Xuemei Xian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Rubber, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, School of Plant Protection, Hainan University Haikou, 570228, PR China.
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12
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A Study on the Vulnerability of the Gross Primary Production of Rubber Plantations to Regional Short-Term Flash Drought over Hainan Island. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly developing droughts, including flash droughts, have occurred frequently in recent years, causing significant damage to agroforestry ecosystems, and they are expected to increase in the future due to global warming. The artificial forest area in China is the largest in the world, and its carbon budget is crucial to the global carbon sink. As the most prominent plantation plant in the tropics, the rubber (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.) ecosystem not only has important economic significance, but also has the potential to be a major natural carbon sink in hot areas. Frequent drought events have a significant impact on rubber ecosystem productivity, yet there have been few reports on the vulnerability of rubber productivity to drought. The objective of this study is to evaluate the vulnerability of rubber ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) to short-term flash drought (STFD) in Hainan Island, utilizing the localized EC-LUE model (eddy covariance–light use efficiency) validated by flux tower observations as the research tool to conduct the scenario simulations which defined by standard relative humidity index (SRHI), in a total of 96 scenarios (timing × intensity). The results show that, in terms of time, the rubber ecosystem in Hainan Island has the highest vulnerability to STFD during the early rainy season and the lowest at the end of the rainy season. From the dry season to the rainy season, the impact of STFD gradually extends to the northeast. Spatially, the vulnerability of the northern island is higher than that of the southern island and that of the western part is higher than that of eastern Hainan Island. With the increase in STFD intensity, the spatial distribution center of the vulnerability of rubber ecosystem GPP in Hainan Island gradually moves southward. The spatiotemporal pattern of the vulnerability of the rubber ecosystem GPP to STFD over Hainan Island plotted by this study is expected to provide decision makers with more accurate information on the prevention and control of drought disaster risk in rubber ecosystems.
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Characterization of the Gene Expression Profile Response to Drought Stress in Populus ussuriensis Using PacBio SMRT and Illumina Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073840. [PMID: 35409200 PMCID: PMC8998571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we characterized the gene expression profile in the roots of Populus ussuriensis at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 120 h after the start of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress using PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT-seq) and Illumina RNA sequencing. Compared to the control, 2244 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and many of these DEGs were associated with the signal transduction, antioxidant system, ion accumulation and drought-inducing proteins. Changes in certain physiological and biochemical indexes, such as antioxidant activity and the contents of Ca2+, proline, and total soluble sugars, were further confirmed in P. ussuriensis roots. Furthermore, most of the differentially expressed transcription factors were members of the AP2/ERF, C2H2, MYB, NAC, C2C2 and WRKY families. Additionally, based on PacBio SMRT-seq results, 5955 long non-coding RNAs and 700 alternative splicing events were identified. Our results provide a global view of the gene expression profile that contributes to drought resistance in P. ussuriensis and meaningful information for genetic engineering research in the future.
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Ke D, He Y, Fan L, Niu R, Cheng L, Wang L, Zhang Z. The soybean TGA transcription factor GmTGA13 plays important roles in the response to salinity stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:313-322. [PMID: 34741387 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oil, food and economic crop in the world. High salinity severely affects the growth and yield of soybean. Overexpressing a specific anti-retroviral transcription factor by biotechnology is an effective way to cultivate new stress-tolerant varieties of soybean. TGA transcription factor is a subfamily of bZIP and plays an important role in abiotic stress responses. A TGA subfamily gene GmTGA13 was cloned and the gene expression, subcellular localization and transcriptional activity were measured. Through the Ag. tumefaciens mediated flower dip method and the Ag. rhizogenes mediated transformation of soybean hairy roots, the transgenic Arabidopsis and the 'combination' soybean plants of overexpressing GmTGA13 were obtained. The two types of transgenic plants were treated with salt stress respectively, and the related physiological indexes were determined. Furthermore, the expression levels of five abiotic stress responsive genes were analyzed in GmTGA13 overexpression hairy roots. GmTGA13 gene was highly expressed in roots and significantly induced by saline stress in soybean. GmTGA13 encoded a nuclear localization protein and had transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of GmTGA13 enhanced the saline stress tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis and the 'combination' soybean plants. Furthermore, overexpression of GmTGA13 enhanced the expression of the stress responsive genes in transgenic soybean hairy roots. In conclusion, overexpression of GmTGA13 is beneficial to the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ by the cell, thereby regulating the ion homeostasis in the cell balance. GmTGA13 enhanced salt resistance of plants by regulating the expression of many stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ke
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Y He
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Fan
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - R Niu
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Cheng
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Wang
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Z Zhang
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
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15
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Woraathasin N, Nualsri C, Sutjit C, Keawraksa O, Rongsawat T, Nakkanong K. Genotypic variation in 9-Cis-Epoxycarotenoid Dioxygenase3 gene expression and abscisic acid accumulation in relation to drought tolerance of Hevea brasiliensis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:1513-1522. [PMID: 34366593 PMCID: PMC8295429 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress-related plant hormone, which is reported to confer drought tolerance. A key enzyme in ABA biosynthesis is 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase. In this study, changes in morphological, physiological response, HbNCED3, and ABA accumulation of RRIM 623 and PB 5/51 rubber clones were observed at different time points of water deficit conditions (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days of withholding water). During water deficit, the relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased, whereas the electro leakage (EL) increased. The magnitudes of the changes in these parameters were greater for PB 5/51 than for RRIM 623. Therefore, RRIM 623 was designated as representative of drought-tolerant clone and PB 5/51 as a drought-sensitive clone. The HbNCED3 transcription level of RRIM 623 showed lower expression compared with that of PB 5/51, which corresponded to the accumulation of ABA. RRIM 623 accumulated less ABA than PB 5/51. The ABA in RRIM 623 gradually increased, especially on the 7th day of withholding water, whereas that in PB 5/51 rapidly increased during the early periods of drought conditions. Additionally, the sensitivity of stomatal response to ABA showed that RRIM 623 had a higher sensitivity than PB 5/51. These results demonstrate that the drought-tolerant rubber clone, RRIM 623, was characterized by lower ABA accumulation during drought stress than the drought-sensitive clone, PB 5/51. The drought tolerance mechanism of the RRIM 623 might be associated with stomatal sensitivity to ABA accumulation under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthakorn Woraathasin
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000 Thailand
| | - Charassri Nualsri
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
- Center of Excellence On Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
- Tropical Fruit and Plantation Crops Research Center, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
| | - Chutima Sutjit
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
- Center of Excellence On Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Orawan Keawraksa
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
- Center of Excellence On Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Thanyakorn Rongsawat
- Tropical Fruit and Plantation Crops Research Center, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
| | - Korakot Nakkanong
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
- Center of Excellence On Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
- Tropical Fruit and Plantation Crops Research Center, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand
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16
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Yuan K, He J, Hu Y, Feng C, Wang Z. The variation of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes and related gene expressions during occurrence and recovery of rubber tree tapping panel dryness. J RUBBER RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42464-021-00106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Sun T, Ma N, Wang C, Fan H, Wang M, Zhang J, Cao J, Wang D. A Golgi-Localized Sodium/Hydrogen Exchanger Positively Regulates Salt Tolerance by Maintaining Higher K +/Na + Ratio in Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:638340. [PMID: 33767722 PMCID: PMC7985447 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.638340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress caused by soil salinization, is one of the main factors that reduce soybean yield and quality. A large number of genes have been found to be involved in the regulation of salt tolerance. In this study, we characterized a soybean sodium/hydrogen exchanger gene GmNHX5 and revealed its functional mechanism involved in the salt tolerance process in soybean. GmNHX5 responded to salt stress at the transcription level in the salt stress-tolerant soybean plants, but not significantly changed in the salt-sensitive ones. GmNHX5 was located in the Golgi apparatus, and distributed in new leaves and vascular, and was induced by salt treatment. Overexpression of GmNHX5 improved the salt tolerance of hairy roots induced by soybean cotyledons, while the opposite was observed when GmNHX5 was knockout by CRISPR/Cas9. Soybean seedlings overexpressing GmNHX5 also showed an increased expression of GmSOS1, GmSKOR, and GmHKT1, higher K+/Na+ ratio, and higher viability when exposed to salt stress. Our findings provide an effective candidate gene for the cultivation of salt-tolerant germplasm resources and new clues for further understanding of the salt-tolerance mechanism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Caiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Huifen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-Alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou, China
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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18
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Kang G, Yan D, Chen X, Yang L, Zeng R. HbWRKY82, a novel IIc WRKY transcription factor from Hevea brasiliensis associated with abiotic stress tolerance and leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:151-160. [PMID: 33034379 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
WRKY group transcription factors of model plants and major crops are confirmed to play essential roles in stress responses, senescence, secondary metabolism processes and hormone signal transduction. Previous studies have identified 81 HbWRKY genes from Hevea brasiliensis (the Pará rubber tree), but the functions of HbWRKYs in response to abiotic stresses and leaf senescence are unclear. In this study, one novel group IIc WRKY transcription factor named HbWRKY82 was identified and characterized as a stress-associated WRKY in rubber tree. Transient expression and transcriptional activation analyses indicated that HbWRKY82 encoded a nuclear protein and functioned as a transcription activator. The transcription levels of HbWRKY82 were induced by exogenous Ethrel (ET) (ethylene releaser) and abscisic acid (ABA) stimulations, down-regulated in tapping panel dryness rubber trees, and also exhibits significant decrease during the progression of leaf senescence. Overexpression of HbWRKY82 in Arabidopsis improved the tolerance to dehydration and salinity, and decreased the sensitivity to exogenous ABA. Moreover, real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that HbWRKY82 regulated the transcriptional expression of several stress-responsive genes (DREB1A, ERD10, HKT1, P5CS, RD22, RD29B, SKOR), leaf senescence marker genes (EIN3, WRKY53, NAP), ROS-related genes (RbohD, CSD1, CSD2, FSD3) and hormone signaling genes (EIN3, ABF3, ABF4). Collectively, our findings suggested that HbWRKY82 might function as an important transcriptional regulator in ET- and ABA-mediated leaf senescence and abiotic stress responses, and also be involved in tapping panel dryness, latex flow and regeneration processes of rubber trees via participating in the ET and reactive oxygen species signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijuan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China ' State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China ' State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China ' State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lifu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China ' State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Rizhong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China ' State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Li J, Liu LN, Meng Q, Fan H, Sui N. The roles of chloroplast membrane lipids in abiotic stress responses. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1807152. [PMID: 32815751 PMCID: PMC7588187 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1807152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant chloroplasts have complex membrane systems. Among these, thylakoids serve as the sites for photosynthesis and photosynthesis-related adaptation. In addition to the photosynthetic membrane complexes and associated molecules, lipids in the thylakoid membranes, are predominantly composed of MGDG (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol), DGDG (digalactosyldiacylglycerol), SQDG (sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol) and PG (phosphatidylglycerol), play essential roles in shaping the thylakoid architecture, electron transfer, and photoregulation. In this review, we discuss the effect of abiotic stress on chloroplast structure, the changes in membrane lipid composition, and the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. Advanced understanding of the mechanisms regulating chloroplast membrane lipids and unsaturated fatty acids in response to abiotic stresses is indispensable for improving plant resistance and may inform the strategies of crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lu-Ning Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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20
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Tian T, Qiao G, Wen Z, Deng B, Qiu Z, Hong Y, Wen X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular regulation underlying the adaptive mechanism of cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus Lindl.) to shelter covering. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:27. [PMID: 31952478 PMCID: PMC6967096 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rain-shelter covering is widely applied during cherry fruit development in subtropical monsoon climates with the aim of decreasing the dropping and cracking of fruit caused by excessive rainfall. Under rain-shelter covering, the characteristics of the leaves and fruit of the cherry plant may adapt to the changes in the microclimate. However, the molecular mechanism underlying such adaptation remains unclear, although clarifying it may be helpful for improving the yield and quality of cherry under rain-shelter covering. RESULTS To better understand the regulation and adaptive mechanism of cherry under rain-shelter covering, 38,621 and 3584 differentially expressed genes were identified with a combination of Illumina HiSeq and single-molecule real-time sequencing in leaves and fruits, respectively, at three developmental stages. Among these, key genes, such as those encoding photosynthetic-antenna proteins (Lhca and Lhcb) and photosynthetic electron transporters (PsbP, PsbR, PsbY, and PetF), were up-regulated following the application of rain-shelter covering, leading to increased efficiency of light utilization. The mRNA levels of genes involved in carbon fixation, namely, rbcL and rbcS, were clearly increased compared with those under shelter-free conditions, resulting in improved CO2 utilization. Furthermore, the transcription levels of genes involved in chlorophyll (hemA, hemN, and chlH) and carotenoid synthesis (crtB, PDS, crtISO, and lcyB) in the sheltered leaves peaked earlier than those in the unsheltered leaves, thereby promoting organic matter accumulation in leaves. Remarkably, the expression levels of key genes involved in the metabolic pathways of phenylpropanoid (PAL, C4H, and 4CL) and flavonoid (CHS, CHI, F3'H, DFR, and ANS) in the sheltered fruits were also up-regulated earlier than of those in the unsheltered fruits, conducive to an increase in anthocyanin content in the fruits. CONCLUSIONS According to the physiological indicators and transcriptional expression levels of the related genes, the adaptive regulation mechanism of cherry plants was systematically revealed. These findings can help understand the effect of rain-shelter covering on Chinese cherry cultivation in rainy regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou/ College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhilang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Hong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-bioengineering/ College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou/ College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
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Galeano E, Vasconcelos TS, Novais de Oliveira P, Carrer H. Physiological and molecular responses to drought stress in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221571. [PMID: 31498810 PMCID: PMC6733471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is an increasingly common and worrying phenomenon because it causes a loss of production in both agriculture and forestry. Teak is a tropical tree which needs alternating rainy and dry seasons to produce high-quality wood. However, a robust understanding about the physiological characteristics and genes related to drought stress in this species is lacking. Consequently, after applying moderate and severe drought stress to teak seedlings, an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) was used to measure different parameters in the leaves. Additionally, using the root transcriptome allowed finding and analyzing the expression of several drought-related genes. As a result, in both water deficit treatments a reduction in photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and leaf relative water content was found. As well, an increase in free proline levels and intrinsic water use efficiency was found when compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, 977 transcripts from the root contigs showed functional annotation related to drought stress, and of these, TgTPS1, TgDREB1, TgAREB1 and TgPIP1 were selected. The expression analysis of those genes along with TgHSP1, TgHSP2, TgHSP3 and TgBI (other stress-related genes) showed that with moderate treatment, TgTPS1, TgDREB1, TgAREB1, TgPIP1, TgHSP3 and TgBI genes had higher expression than the control treatment, but with severe treatment only TgTPS1 and TgDREB1 showed higher expression than the control treatment. At the end, a schematic model for the physiological and molecular strategies under drought stress in teak from this study is provided. In conclusion, these physiological and biochemical adjustments in leaves and genetic changes in roots under severe and prolonged water shortage situations can be a limiting factor for teak plantlets' growth. Further studies of those genes under different biotic and abiotic stress treatments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Galeano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Sales Vasconcelos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Perla Novais de Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Helaine Carrer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Qin B, Wang M, He HX, Xiao HX, Zhang Y, Wang LF. Identification and Characterization of a Potential Candidate Mlo Gene Conferring Susceptibility to Powdery Mildew in Rubber Tree. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:1236-1245. [PMID: 30667341 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-18-0171-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mildew resistance locus O (Mlo) gene was first found in barley as a powdery mildew susceptibility gene, and recessive mlo alleles confer durable resistance to barley powdery mildew. To identify candidate Mlo susceptibility genes in rubber tree, HbMlo12 was cloned from rubber tree clone CATAS7-33-97, which is susceptible to powdery mildew. Protein architecture analysis showed that HbMlo12 was a typical Mlo protein with seven transmembrane domains. Protein blast search in the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome database showed that HbMlo12 shared the highest similarity with AtMlo12, with 63% sequence identity. Furthermore, HbMlo12 together with the dicot powdery mildew susceptible Mlo proteins (including AtMlo2, AtMlo6, AtMlo12, tomato SlMlo1, pepper CaMlo2, pea PsMlo1, etc.) were grouped into clade V. Subcellular localization analysis in tobacco epidermal cells revealed that HbMlo12 was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. HbMlo12 was preferentially expressed in the flower and leaf of rubber tree. Moreover, its expression was significantly upregulated in response to powdery mildew inoculation. Application of exogenous ethephon caused a distinct increase in HbMlo12 expression. Additionally, HbMlo12 transcript was quickly induced by spraying salicylic acid and gibberellic acid and reached the maximum at 0.5 h after treatments. By contrast, HbMlo12 expression was downregulated by methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, and drought stress treatments. There was no significant change in HbMlo12 expression after indole-3-acetic acid, H2O2, and wounding stimuli. Taken together, these results suggested that HbMlo12 might be a candidate Mlo gene conferring susceptibility to powdery mildew in rubber tree. The results of this study are vital in understanding Mlo gene evolution and developing new rubber tree varieties with powdery mildew resistance using reverse genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Qin
- 1 Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; and
| | - Meng Wang
- 2 Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hai-Xia He
- 2 Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hua-Xing Xiao
- 2 Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- 2 Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- 1 Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; and
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23
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Zhang C, Shi S, Liu Z, Yang F, Yin G. Drought tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties is associated with enhanced antioxidative protection and declined lipid peroxidation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:226-240. [PMID: 30537610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is considered the most adverse factor restricting plant survival, growth, and productivity. The identification of the key adaptive mechanisms to drought stress is essential to enhance the drought resistance of plants. In this study, differential responses of three alfalfa varieties to drought, including Medicago sativa L. cv. Longzhong (drought-tolerant), Longdong (moderate drought-tolerant), and Gannong No. 3 (drought-sensitive), were comparatively studied at morphological, physio-biochemical, and transcriptional levels after a 12-day period of drought stress simulated by -1.2 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). The results showed that prolonged drought stress dramatically decreased growth and photosynthetic capacity of three alfalfa varieties while it increased the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), osmolytes and antioxidants including reduced ascorbate and glutathione, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes (MsCu/Zn-SOD, MsFeSOD, MtPOD, MsGPX, MsAPX, MsMDAR, MtDHAR, and MsGR). Nine days of treatment and some key traits, including the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the levels of MDA, O2-, and H2O2, the redox states of ascorbate and glutathione, APX activity, and the transcript levels of MsFeSOD, MsGR, and MsMDAR, might contribute to differentiating the drought stress tolerance in alfalfa. Overall, drought-tolerant Longzhong showed the highest water retention, photosynthetic performance, and osmoregulation capacity, the lowest lipid peroxidation, and the highest antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression, which were mainly involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain the balance between the generation and scavenging of intracellular ROS. These findings highlight that enhanced antioxidative protection and declined lipid peroxidation play an important role in alfalfa tolerance against drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guoli Yin
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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24
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Yang J, Zhao S, Zhao B, Li C. Overexpression of TaLEA3 induces rapid stomatal closure under drought stress in Phellodendron amurense Rupr. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:100-109. [PMID: 30466574 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins participate in drought stress responses in plants. In the present study, the gene TaLEA3 from the drought-resistant plant Tamarix androssowii was transformed into Amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens to investigate the mechanism of stomatal closure in response to osmotic stress. Our results showed that P. amurense overexpressing TaLEA3 were resistant to drought stress by rapid stomatal closure. To study the stomatal movement regulated at the molecular level, a model system for stoma closure was established in in vitro P. amurense. In this work, we found that the increased Ca2+ accumulation in guard cells of transgenic plants caused stomatal closure and activated K+ efflux under polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress. Moreover, H+ changes might provide a needed pH condition for stomatal closure. Further, nitric oxide (NO) fluorescence was measured using an NO-specific fluorescent probe, diaminofluorescein-FM diacetate, which showed that guard cell NO fluorescence was stronger in transgenic plants compared with wild type plants. Additionally, five genes encoding nitrate reductase were up-regulated, indicating that TaLEA3 overexpression positively regulated NO biosynthesis and accumulation in the guard cells. This discovery will further our understanding of the LEA gene function and will help in engineering drought-resistant tree cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shicheng Zhao
- School of Phamacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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25
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Moazzam-Jazi M, Ghasemi S, Seyedi SM, Niknam V. COP1 plays a prominent role in drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis and Pea. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:678-691. [PMID: 30139551 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Constitutively photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has been studied extensively in the photomorphogenesis- and light-related processes in Arabidopsis. However, the possible role of COP1 in plant drought stress response remains unknown. Hence, in the present study, the stomatal behavior as one of the key elements in plant dehydration response was investigated in Arabidopsis cop1-4 and pea light-independent photomorphogenesis (lip1) mutants. We observed that water loss rate in the cop1-4 and lip1 detached leaves was significantly much faster than wild-type, resulting from failing to reduce the stomatal aperture by the mutants. But, interestingly, the cop1-4 and lip1 isolated leaves treated with abscisic acid (ABA) as well as cop1-4 and lip1 soil-grown under drought stress could close their stomata as wild-type. Hence, COP1 plays a fundamental role in the regulation of stomatal movements in response to dehydration and its function was conserved during evolution in both Arabidopsis and pea. Further evaluations showed the cop1-4 mutant was not significantly damaged from the oxidative stress derived from soil water limiting conditions when compared to wild-type. Similarly, the up-regulation level of several key stress-responsive genes was relatively lower in cop1-4 than wild-type. Therefore, COP1 might be considered as a potential key regulator of both short-and long-term dehydration response. Multiple stress-related cis-elements were also detected in the COP1 promoter region, which supported its up-regulation in response to drought, salt, and cold stresses. Besides, we figured out the constitutively open stomata of cop1-4 in darkness can be as a result of the reduced AtMYB61 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moazzam-Jazi
- Plant Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Ghasemi
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Seyedi
- Plant Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahid Niknam
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Tariq A, Pan K, Olatunji OA, Graciano C, Li Z, Sun F, Zhang L, Wu X, Chen W, Song D, Huang D, Xue T, Zhang A. Phosphorous fertilization alleviates drought effects on Alnus cremastogyne by regulating its antioxidant and osmotic potential. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5644. [PMID: 29618772 PMCID: PMC5884865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alnus cremastogyne, a broad-leaved tree endemic to south-western China, has both commercial and restoration importance. However, little is known of its morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought and phosphorous (P) application. A randomized experimental design was used to investigate how drought affected A. cremastogyne seedlings, and the role that P applications play in these responses. Drought had significant negative effects on A. cremastogyne growth and metabolism, as revealed by reduced biomass (leaf, shoot and root), leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, photosynthetic rate, leaf relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments, and a weakened antioxidative defence mechanism and high lipid peroxidation level. However, the reduced leaf area and enhanced osmolyte (proline and soluble sugars) accumulation suggests drought avoidance and tolerance strategies in this tree. Applying P significantly improved the leaf relative water content and photosynthetic rate of drought-stressed seedlings, which may reflect increased anti-oxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) activities, osmolyte accumulation, soluble proteins, and decreased lipid peroxidation levels. However, P had only a slight or negligible effect on the well-watered plants. A. cremastogyne is sensitive to drought stress, but P facilitates and improves its metabolism primarily via biochemical and physiological rather than morphological adjustments, regardless of water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Tariq
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Corina Graciano
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Zilong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dagang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
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27
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Jin M, Guo M, Yue G, Li J, Yang S, Zhao P, Su Y. An unusual strategy of stomatal control in the desert shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:13-26. [PMID: 29413627 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the main environmental constraints that limit plant growth. Accordingly, plants evoke rather complex strategies to respond and/or acclimate to such frustrating circumstances. Due to insufficient understandings of acclimatory mechanisms of plants' tolerance to persistent water deficit, a desert shrub of an ancient origin, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, has recently attracted growing attentions. Differed from Arabidopsis, the opening of stomata of A. mongolicus is constrained by low external K+ concentration of the guard cells. Although as a general consequence, a raised level of ABA is also induced in A. mongolicus following water deficit, this does not accordingly result in efficient stomatal closure. In consistent with this phenomenon, the expression of genes coding for the negative regulators of the ABA signaling cascade-the type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are notably induced, whereas the transcription of the downstream SnRK2 protein kinase genes or the destination ion fluxing channel genes remain almost unaffected under water deficit treatments. Therefore, in term of stomatal control in response to water deficit, A. mongolicus seemingly employs an unusual strategy: a constrained stomatal opening controlled by extracellular K+ concentrations rather than a prompt stomatal closure triggered by ABA-induced signaling pathway. Additionally, an acute accumulation of proline is induced by water deficit which may partly compromise the activation of antioxidant enzymes in A. mongolicus. Such strategy of stomatal control found in A. mongolicus may in certain extents, reflect the acclimatory divergence for plants' coping with persistent stress of water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manyuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhen Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Shunying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengshu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Hamim H, Violita V, Triadiati T, Miftahudin M. Oxidative Stress and Photosynthesis Reduction of Cultivated
(Glycine max L.) and Wild Soybean (G. tomentella L.) Exposed to
Drought and Paraquat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2017.65.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Ma Y, Rajkumar M, Zhang C, Freitas H. Inoculation of Brassica oxyrrhina with plant growth promoting bacteria for the improvement of heavy metal phytoremediation under drought conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 320:36-44. [PMID: 27508309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drought resistant serpentine rhizobacteria on plant growth and metal uptake by Brassica oxyrrhina under drought stress (DS) condition. Two drought resistant serpentine rhizobacterial strains namely Pseudomonas libanensis TR1 and Pseudomonas reactans Ph3R3 were selected based on their ability to stimulate seedling growth in roll towel assay. Further assessment on plant growth promoting (PGP) parameters revealed their ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Moreover, both strains exhibited high resistance to various heavy metals, antibiotics, salinity and extreme temperature. Inoculation of TR1 and Ph3R3 significantly increased plant growth, leaf relative water and pigment content of B. oxyrrhina, whereas decreased concentrations of proline and malondialdehyde in leaves under metal stress in the absence and presence of DS. Regardless of soil water conditions, TR1 and Ph3R3 greatly improved organ metal concentrations, translocation and bioconcentration factors of Cu and Zn. The successful colonization and metabolic activities of P. libanensis TR1 and P. reactans Ph3R3 represented positive effects on plant development and metal phytoremediation under DS. These results indicate that these strains could be used as bio-inoculants for the improvement of phytoremediation of metal polluted soils under semiarid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mani Rajkumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur 610101, India
| | | | - Helena Freitas
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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30
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Kolenc Z, Vodnik D, Mandelc S, Javornik B, Kastelec D, Čerenak A. Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) response mechanisms in drought stress: Proteomic analysis with physiology. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 105:67-78. [PMID: 27085598 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major environmental devastating stressors that impair the growth and productivity of crop plants. Despite the relevance of drought stress, changes in physiology and resistance mechanisms are not completely understood for certain crops, including hop (Humulus lupulus L.). In this research the drought response of hop was studied using a conventional physiological approach (gas exchange techniques, fluorescence, relative water content measurements) and proteomic analysis (2D-DIGE). Plants of two cultivars (Aurora and Savinjski golding) were exposed to progressive drought in a pot experiment and analysed at different stress stages (mild, moderate and severe). Measurements of relative water content revealed a hydrostable water balance of hop. Photosynthesis was decreased due to stomatal and non-stomatal limitation to the same extent in both cultivars. Of 28 identified differentially abundant proteins, the majority were down regulated and included in photosynthetic (41%) and sugar metabolism (33%). Fifteen % of identified proteins were classified into the nitrogen metabolism, 4% were related to a ROS related pathway and 7% to other functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Kolenc
- Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Cesta Žalskega tabora 2, SI-3310, Žalec, Slovenia
| | - Dominik Vodnik
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Mandelc
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Branka Javornik
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijana Kastelec
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Čerenak
- Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Cesta Žalskega tabora 2, SI-3310, Žalec, Slovenia.
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