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Liang Y, Rascle O, Hanel PHP, Yang J, Souchon N. Values and physical activity among sports science students in France and China: a transcultural analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1304019. [PMID: 38239479 PMCID: PMC10794636 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1304019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between values and physical activity in France (a Western European individualistic country) and in China (an East Asian collectivist country). Method Six hundred and twenty-seven sport science students in France (N = 308, Mage = 18.99, SD = 1.64) and China (N = 319, Mage = 20.44, SD = 1.09) completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long version and the Portrait Values Questionnaire. Results In both France and China, moderated regression analysis revealed that hedonism positively/negatively predicted physical activity, while security-societal, security-personal, and conformity-rules values negatively predicted physical activity. In contrast, stimulation and universalism-nature values positively predicted physical activity only in France. In China, benevolence and benevolence-care positively predicted physical activity, while power dominance negatively predicted physical activity. Additionally, we found evidence of measurement invariance of the value questionnaire. Discussion and conclusion Our findings add to the literature by showing that the value-behavior link is partly the same across countries and partly different. Further, our findings show that for certain populations, the previously established hierarchy of human values does not replicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Sports Sciences, VIPS2 laboratory, Rennes 2 University University of Rennes 2 – Upper Brittany, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Rascle
- Department of Sports Sciences, VIPS2 laboratory, Rennes 2 University University of Rennes 2 – Upper Brittany, Rennes, France
| | - Paul H. P. Hanel
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Nicolas Souchon
- UFR STAPS, LICAE laboratory, Université de Paris, Nanterre, France
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2
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Will the Construction of Sports Facilities Nudge People to Participate in Physical Exercises in China? The Moderating Role of Mental Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11020219. [PMID: 36673586 PMCID: PMC9858653 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the nudging effect of the sports facility construction on physical exercise (PE) participation with consideration of the moderating role of mental health in China. Multiple linear regression models are used in this study. The subjects are 4634 from the 2014 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, which is a nationally representative longitudinal survey of Chinese individuals. We find that the construction of sports facilities nudges people to participate in PE, and gender, age, and education significantly influence people's participation in PE. Young, female, and better-educated people compose the "neo-vulnerable" population, who participate less in PE in China and need more interventions. Mental health status has no significant effect on people's PE participation, while it negatively moderates the nudging effect of the construction of sports facilities on PE. The results of this study suggest that only building sporting facilities is insufficient to encourage PE participation. Policies and interventions should be given to mentally disturbed individuals to guarantee and magnify the nudging effect of sports facilities on PE.
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Zhang S, Li J, Wang L, Kwan MP, Chai Y, Du Y, Zhou K, Gu H, Sun W. Examining the association between the built environment and active travel using GPS data: A study of a large residential area (Daju) in Shanghai. Health Place 2023; 79:102971. [PMID: 36682263 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Automobile dependence and physical inactivity have become common health challenges for residents in large suburban residential areas. Limited literature has examined the associations between the built environment and active travel in such residential areas and the differences in these associations among residents from different neighborhoods. To avoid inaccurate results potentially derived from residence-based measures, we adopt a mobility-based approach for environmental exposure assessment. Using GPS data from 530 trips made by 98 participants in a large residential area in Shanghai, we investigate the relationships between neighborhood types, pollution perceptions, built environment features and active travel. The results indicate that residents in affordable and relocation housing make fewer active trips than those in market-rate housing, while the built environment seems to mitigate this difference. Sports facilities promote active travel while commercial facilities and road intersections discourage it. We identify significant interactions between the percentage of green space and neighborhood type, as well as floor area ratio and air pollution perception. Interventions promoting active travel include active-travel-friendly design for commercial facilities and road intersections, the provision of more sports facilities, a careful increase in floor area ratio, and the provision of more green space that is attractive to residents from different neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surong Zhang
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Mei-Po Kwan
- Department of Geography and Resource Management and Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Yanwei Chai
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yirui Du
- Shanghai Changning District Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources, No.599 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China.
| | - Kaichen Zhou
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Wenyao Sun
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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4
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Mulerova TA, Gaziev TF, Bazdyrev ED, Indukaeva EV, Tsygankova DP, Nakhratova OV, Agienko AS, Artamonova GV. Parameters of the Infrastructure of the Residential Area and Their Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk Factors. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2022-08-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. This study determined the level of public satisfaction with neighborhood design features in Kemerovo Oblast and their connection to cardiovascular disease risk factors.Subjects and methods. The study population included 1,598 respondents aged between 35 and 70, with 491 living in rural areas and others living in Kemerovo (1,221 women and 477 men). The assessment of neighborhood environment was done according to residents' subjective opinions about infrastructural features (the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale). Depending on how participants responded to the questionnaire, some of these parameters were identified as adverse.Results. The residents of Kemerovo and rural areas of Kemerovo Oblast identified the following neighborhood design features as adverse: the lack of interesting places in neighborhood environment, the remote location of parks and restaurants, the absence of pavement, busy traffic, and a long distance between home and workplace. In the city, arterial hypertension prevalence was high among men, when grocery, fruit and clothing stores were distant, and among women, when banks, public transport stops were distant and the traffic was heavy. Lipid metabolism disorders were more common among women in urban areas, when there were no interesting places around. Obesity prevalence was high among urban female population, when the following adverse factors were present: the remote location of grocery stores, fruit stores, bank, pharmacy and public transport stops and the absence of pavement. Among rural male population, this risk factor was common when there were no pavements. The highest rate of carbohydrate metabolism disorders was found among women living in villages where the traffic is heavy and public transport stops are far away.Conclusion. The impact of infrastructure on the health status of the living population is a new direction of scientific research. Epidemiological studies in different geographic areas and population groups show significant differences in health status, morbidity and mortality from chronic noncommunicable diseases. To reduce the risks of developing diseases of the cardiovascular system, the formation of a socially comfortable health-saving environment is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Mulerova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - T. F. Gaziev
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - E. D. Bazdyrev
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - E. V. Indukaeva
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - D. P. Tsygankova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - O. V. Nakhratova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - A. S. Agienko
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - G. V. Artamonova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
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5
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Yang C, Tang X, Yang L. Spatially varying associations between the built environment and older adults' propensity to walk. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1003791. [PMID: 36091507 PMCID: PMC9458886 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1003791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Population aging has become a severe issue facing most nations and areas worldwide-with Hong Kong being no exception. For older adults, walking is among the most well-liked travel modes, boosting their overall health and wellbeing. Some studies have confirmed that the built environment has a significant (spatially fixed) influence on older adults' walking behavior. However, little consideration has been given to the potential spatial heterogeneity in such influences. Hence, this study extracted data on older adults' (outdoor) walking behavior from the 2011 Hong Kong Travel Characteristics Survey and measured a series of built environment attributes based on geo-data (e.g., Google Street View imagery). Logistic regression and geographically weighted logistic regression models were developed to unveil the complicated (including spatially fixed and heterogeneous) association between the built environment and older adults' propensity to walk. We show that population density, land-use mix, street greenery, and access to bus stops are positively connected with the propensity to walk of older adults. Intersection density seems to impact walking propensity insignificantly. All built environment attributes have spatially heterogeneous effects on older adults' walking behavior. The percentage of deviance explained is heterogeneously distributed across space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianglong Tang
- Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linchuan Yang
- Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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6
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Bonnell LN, Troy AR, Littenberg B. Exploring non-linear relationships between neighbourhood walkability and health: a cross-sectional study among US primary care patients with chronic conditions. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061086. [PMID: 35985786 PMCID: PMC9396151 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent study of licensed drivers found a non-linear relationship between density of non-residential destinations (NRDs), a proxy for walkability and body mass index (BMI) across a wide range of development patterns. It is unclear if this relationship can be replicated in a population with multiple chronic conditions or translated to health outcomes other than BMI. METHODS We obtained health data and home addresses for 2405 adults with multiple chronic conditions from 44 primary care clinics across 13 states using the Integrating Behavioral health and Primary Care Trial. In this cross-sectional study, the relationships between density of NRDs (from a commercial database) within 1 km of the home address and self-reported BMI, and mental and physical health indices were assessed using several non-linear methods, including restricted cubic splines, LOWESS smoothing curves, non-parametric regression with a spline basis and piecewise linear regression. RESULTS All methods demonstrated similar non-linear relationships. Piecewise linear regression was selected for ease of interpretation. BMI had a positive marginal rate of change below the NRD density inflection point of 15 establishments/hectare (β=+0.09 kg/m2/non-residential buildings ha-1; 95% CI +0.01 to +0.14), and a negative marginal rate of change above the inflection point (β=-0.02; 95% CI -0.06 to 0.02). Mental health decreased with NRD density below the inflection point (β=-0.24; 95% CI -0.31 to -0.17) and increased above it (β=+0.03; 95% CI -0.00 to +0.07). Results were similar for physical health (β= -0.28; 95% CI -0.35 to -0.20) and (β=+0.06; 95% CI 0.01 to +0.10). CONCLUSION Health indicators were the lowest in middle density (typically suburban) areas and got progressively better moving in either direction from the peak. NRDs may affect health differently depending on home-address NRD density. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02868983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Nicolas Bonnell
- General Internal Medicine Research, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Austin R Troy
- Urban and Regional Planning, University of Colorado Denver College of Architecture and Planning, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Benjamin Littenberg
- General Internal Medicine Research, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Motomura M, Koohsari MJ, Lin CY, Ishii K, Shibata A, Nakaya T, Kaczynski AT, Veitch J, Oka K. Associations of public open space attributes with active and sedentary behaviors in dense urban areas: A systematic review of observational studies. Health Place 2022; 75:102816. [PMID: 35580456 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the context of rapid urbanization, public open spaces in dense urban areas are critical built environment elements to support active lifestyles. Several reviews have explored the associations of public open space attributes with physically active and sedentary behavior. However, few reviews have included studies from Asia, and no studies have focused on dense urban areas. This systematic review analyzed 18 observational studies investigating associations between public open space attributes with physical activity and sedentary behavior in dense urban areas of East Asian countries, including Japan, Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong. We found that closer distance to and a greater number of public open spaces and features within them were positively associated with leisure-time physical activity. Places near water features and corridors within public open spaces were associated with more sedentary behavior. These findings inform landscape and urban design guidelines for (re)designing public open spaces to support active lifestyles in high dense urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Motomura
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | | | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States.
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
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8
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Bonnell LN, Troy AR, Littenberg B. Nonlinear relationship between nonresidential destinations and body mass index across a wide range of development. Prev Med 2021; 153:106775. [PMID: 34437875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Destination accessibility is an important measure of the built environment that is associated with active transport and body mass index (BMI). In higher density settings, an inverse association has been consistently found, but in lower density settings, findings are limited. We previously found a positive relationship between the density of nonresidential destinations (NRD) and BMI in a low-density state. We sought to test the generalizability of this unexpected finding using data from six other states that include a broader range of settlement densities. METHODS We obtained the address, height, and weight of 16.9 million residents with a driver's license or state identification cards, as well as the location of 3.8 million NRDs in Washington, Oregon, Texas, Illinois, Michigan, and Maine from Dun & Bradstreet. We tested the association between NRDs∙ha-1 within 1 km of the home address, and self-reported BMI (kg∙m-2). Visualization by locally-weighted smoothing curves (LOWESS) revealed an inverted U-shape. A multivariable piecewise regression with a random intercept for state was used to assess the relationship. RESULTS After accounting for age, sex, year of issue, and census tract social and economic variables, BMI correlated positively with NRDs in the low-to-mid density stratum (β = +0.005 kg∙m-2/nonresidential building∙ha-1; 95% CI: +0.004,+0.006) and negatively in the mid-to-high density stratum (β = -0.002; 95% CI: -0.004,-0.0003); a significant difference in slopes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS BMI peaked in the middle density, with lower values in both the low and high-density extremes. These results suggest that the mechanisms by which NRDs are associated with obesity may differ by density level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi N Bonnell
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America.
| | - Austin R Troy
- University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
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9
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The 2019 Conference on Health and Active Transportation: Research Needs and Opportunities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211842. [PMID: 34831599 PMCID: PMC8622688 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Active transportation (AT) is widely viewed as an important target for increasing participation in aerobic physical activity and improving health, while simultaneously addressing pollution and climate change through reductions in motor vehicular emissions. In recent years, progress in increasing AT has stalled in some countries and, furthermore, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created new AT opportunities while also exposing the barriers and health inequities related to AT for some populations. This paper describes the results of the December 2019 Conference on Health and Active Transportation (CHAT) which brought together leaders from the transportation and health disciplines. Attendees charted a course for the future around three themes: Reflecting on Innovative Practices, Building Strategic Institutional Relationships, and Identifying Research Needs and Opportunities. This paper focuses on conclusions of the Research Needs and Opportunities theme. We present a conceptual model derived from the conference sessions that considers how economic and systems analysis, evaluation of emerging technologies and policies, efforts to address inclusivity, disparities and equity along with renewed attention to messaging and communication could contribute to overcoming barriers to development and use of AT infrastructure. Specific research gaps concerning these themes are presented. We further discuss the relevance of these themes considering the pandemic. Renewed efforts at research, dissemination and implementation are needed to achieve the potential health and environmental benefits of AT and to preserve positive changes associated with the pandemic while mitigating negative ones.
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10
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Pan XF, Wang L, Pan A. Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:373-392. [PMID: 34022156 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 659] [Impact Index Per Article: 219.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major public health issue in China. Overweight and obesity have increased rapidly in the past four decades, and the latest national prevalence estimates for 2015-19, based on Chinese criteria, were 6·8% for overweight and 3·6% for obesity in children younger than 6 years, 11·1% for overweight and 7·9% for obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, and 34·3% for overweight and 16·4% for obesity in adults (≥18 years). Prevalence differed by sex, age group, and geographical location, but was substantial in all subpopulations. Strong evidence from prospective cohort studies has linked overweight and obesity to increased risks of major non-communicable diseases and premature mortality in Chinese populations. The growing burden of overweight and obesity could be driven by economic developments, sociocultural norms, and policies that have shaped individual-level risk factors for obesity through urbanisation, urban planning and built environments, and food systems and environments. Substantial changes in dietary patterns have occurred in China, with increased consumption of animal-source foods, refined grains, and highly processed, high-sugar, and high-fat foods, while physical activity levels in all major domains have decreased with increasing sedentary behaviours. The effects of dietary factors and physical inactivity intersect with other individual-level risk factors such as genetic susceptibility, psychosocial factors, obesogens, and in-utero and early-life exposures. In view of the scarcity of research around the individual and collective roles of these upstream and downstream factors, multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies are urgently needed to identify systemic approaches that target both the population-level determinants and individual-level risk factors for obesity in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Fei Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Limin Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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11
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Hohmann A, Yuan X, Schmitt M, Zhang H, Pietzonka M, Siener M. Physical Fitness and Motor Competence in Chinese and German Elementary School Children in Relation to Different Physical Activity Settings. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:391. [PMID: 34068840 PMCID: PMC8153568 DOI: 10.3390/children8050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Children with greater physical activity (PA) may show a higher physical fitness (PF) and motor competence (MC) compared to peers with less PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), PF, and MC in 8- to 9-year old children in Germany and China. MVPA was differentiated into five PA settings: family sport, club training, school sport, leisure sport, and outside play. (2) Methods: This longitudinal study comprised N = 577 children (n = 311 girls, n = 266 boys) who were studied over a one-year period. Each child's PF and MC was determined using sports motor tests. The children's PAs were measured using a questionnaire. (3) Results: The children's PA was positively associated with PF and MC. The MVPA-settings: family sport, leisure sport, outside play, school, and club sport, explained between 18 and 23 percent of the variance in selected PF and MC characteristics in a multivariate linear regression analysis. (4) Conclusions: An increase in the children's MVPA might be an appropriate aim in the school sport in Germany as well as in the club sport system in China. Furthermore, family sport should be enhanced in Germany and outside play activities in China, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hohmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; (A.H.); (X.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Xinchi Yuan
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; (A.H.); (X.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany;
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 650 Qingyuan Ring Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Department of Training Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Micha Pietzonka
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; (A.H.); (X.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Maximilian Siener
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; (A.H.); (X.Y.); (M.P.)
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12
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Pulling Kuhn A, Cockerham A, O’Reilly N, Bustad J, Miranda V, Loboda TV, Black MM, Hager ER. Home and Neighborhood Physical Activity Location Availability among African American Adolescent Girls Living in Low-Income, Urban Communities: Associations with Objectively Measured Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18095003. [PMID: 34065051 PMCID: PMC8125901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18095003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the ecological model of active living, the neighborhood environment may relate to individual physical activity (PA) behaviors. The purposes of this study were to (1) generate a replicable neighborhood-level physical activity location availability score (PALAS) from data variables associated with physical activity among adolescents and adults, and apply this score to Baltimore City, Maryland, and (2) determine if relationships exist between PA and PA location availability. Geographic information systems (GISs) were used to create the PALAS. Using linear regression models, we examined relations between objectively measured PA among low-income, urban, predominantly African American adolescent girls (n = 555, 2009-2012 data collection), and the PALAS rating of their neighborhood environment (neighborhood PALAS) and their home neighborhood area (PALAS variables/subcomponents within 0.25 miles of the home). A PALAS map of the study area was created, illustrating neighborhoods varying in availability and variety of PA locations. After adjusting for confounders, a higher neighborhood PALAS (β = 0.10, p = 0.041) and the presence of a recreation center in the home neighborhood area (β = 0.46, p = 0.011) were associated with more minutes per day spent in moderate to vigorous PA. Policy makers and stakeholders should consider increasing access to PA locations as a strategy to promote PA among adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pulling Kuhn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Alexandra Cockerham
- Cartographic Products and Services Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, USA;
| | - Nicole O’Reilly
- School of Social Work, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA;
| | - Jacob Bustad
- Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD 21204, USA;
| | - Victor Miranda
- Baltimore City Department of Recreation and Parks, Baltimore, MD 21217, USA;
| | - Tatiana V. Loboda
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 21043, USA;
| | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(410)-706-0213
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Yu J, Huang W, Kahana E. Investigating Factors of Active Aging among Chinese Older Adults: A Machine Learning Approach. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 62:332-341. [PMID: 33942091 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES With the extension of healthy life expectancy, promoting active aging has become a policy response to rapid population aging in China. Yet, it has been inconclusive about the relative importance of the determinants of active aging. By applying a machine learning approach, this study aims to identify the most important determinants of active aging in three domains, i.e., paid/unpaid work, caregiving, and social activities, among Chinese older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD Data were drawn from the first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which surveys a nationally representative sample of adults aged 60-year-old and above (N=7,503). We estimated Random Forest and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models to determine the most important factors related to active aging. RESULTS Health has a generic effect on all outcomes of active aging. Our findings also identified the domain-specific determinants of active aging. Urban/rural residency is among the most important factors determining the likelihood of engaging in paid/unpaid work. Living in a multi-generational household is especially important in predicting caregiving activities. Neighborhood infrastructure and facilities have the strongest influence on older adults' participation in social activities. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The application of feature selection models provides a fruitful first step in identifying the most important determinants of active aging among Chinese older adults. These results provide evidence-based recommendations for policies and practices promoting active aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Sociology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Sociology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eva Kahana
- Sociology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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14
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Cheng J, Yu H. The relationship between neighborhood environment and physical activity in Chinese youth: a retrospective cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Time Distances to Residential Food Amenities and Daily Walking Duration: A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Low Tier Chinese Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020839. [PMID: 33478168 PMCID: PMC7844623 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate the accepted concept of using land-use mix (LUM) to promote physical activity is ineffective and even counteractive in the Chinese context. Before considering LUM as a whole, different amenity types need to be respectively analyzed in relation to various functions and demands. This study aims to examine the specific associations between food-related amenities and perceived daily walking duration (WD) in small Chinese cities. Two interviewer-administered questionnaire surveys (n = 354) were conducted in Yuncheng and Suihua between 2017 and 2018. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of WD with seven different categories of food outlet at three levels of walking distance. The associations were further explored by food environment diversity and through two age groups. With the exception of café/tea house, the other six food outlets were positively associated with WD. After adjusting for socioeconomic variables, the associations of grocery store and supermarket weakened. Higher levels of food environment diversity were associated with a longer WD. Among the age groups, food outlets were more associated with older adults’ WD. This novel quantitative study suggests that increasing the number and heterogeneity of food-related amenities (including mobile street vendors) within a neighborhood can enhance physical activity in small Chinese cities.
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16
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Xie B, Lu Y, Wu L, An Z. Dose-response effect of a large-scale greenway intervention on physical activities: The first natural experimental study in China. Health Place 2021; 67:102502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Yin C, Sun B. Does Compact Built Environment Help to Reduce Obesity? Influence of Population Density on Waist-Hip Ratio in Chinese Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217746. [PMID: 33113970 PMCID: PMC7660192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the non-linear association between population density and obesity in China and to provide empirical evidence for the public health orientated guideline of urban planning. By conducting a longitudinal study with data collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 2004 and 2011, we applied fixed-effect models to assess the non-linear association between the compact built environment and waist–hip ratio (WHR), controlling for sex, age, nationality, education, employment status, marital status, household size, household income, and residents’ attitudes. Our findings reveal that the built environment is one of the key determinants of obesity. The U-shaped influence of population density on WHR was observed. Moreover, influence differs according to sex and weight status. Our findings indicate healthy city planning has the potential to improve the built environment to reduce obesity risk and promote public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yin
- Research Center for China Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
- Future City Lab, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bindong Sun
- Research Center for China Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
- Future City Lab, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Pedestrian Walkways for Health in Shiraz, Iran, the Contribution of Attitudes, and Perceived Environmental Attributes. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Walking is important for improving physical activity and public health. The pedestrian walkways called Walkways for Health in Shiraz, Iran, present a high standard of aesthetic and design features which attract many people for the purpose of recreation. In addition, a significant percentage of Iranians suffer from mental disorders. The contribution of aesthetic and design features toward walking for recreation as well as mental health has been demonstrated in previous studies, which have focused on either one or the other of these aspects. This interdisciplinary research study aims to evaluate both of these aspects simultaneously. A quantitative approach including a survey questionnaire and multiple regression analysis was used to examine the objectives. The contributions of walking attitudes and several perceived environmental attributes to the attractiveness for walking and to general/mental health were determined, which suggested the need for new arrangements of the visual sequences and social setting along these walkways. In addition, the observation that younger people suffer are more affected by mental health disorders was one of the most challenging findings. The policy makers of this city could apply the findings of this study to these pedestrian walkways in order to improve the attractiveness for walking as well as general and mental health.
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Elshahat S, O’Rorke M, Adlakha D. Built environment correlates of physical activity in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230454. [PMID: 32182278 PMCID: PMC7077823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity (PA) is the fourth major risk factor for many non-communicable diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Features of the built environment (BE) play a considerable role in determining population PA behaviors. The majority of evidence for PA-BE relationships comes from high-income countries and may not be generalizable to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aim to systematically review the literature and assess the associations between perceived and/or objective BE characteristics and PA domains in LMICs. This review adopted a systematic search strategy for English language articles published between January 2000 and June 2019 from four electronic databases-Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PubMed-adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies addressing the associations between self-reported and/or objective BE and PA were only included if they were conducted in LMICs, according to the World Bank classification list. Articles investigating PA-BE relationships across any age groups were included, and all study designs were eligible, except for qualitative studies and reviews. Thirty-three studies were included for evidence synthesis. Cross-sectional studies were the most prevailing study design (97%), revealing a notable gap in longitudinal PA-BE research in LMICs. A majority of the BE factors were not associated with different PA domains while others (e.g., density, proximity to services, aesthetics) exhibited an inconsistent association. Land-use mix diversity was positively associated with transport PA and the presence of recreation facilities resulted in an increase in PA during leisure-time. Increased safety from crime at night consistently increased total PA and walking levels. Research exploring the associations between BE attributes and PA behaviors in LMICs appears to be limited and is primarily cross-sectional. Longitudinal research studies with objective measures are needed for inferring well-grounded PA-BE causal relationships and informing the design of evidence-based environmental interventions for increasing PA levels in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elshahat
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Michael O’Rorke
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Gan X, Xu W, Yu K. Economic Growth and Weight of Children and Adolescents in Urban Areas: A Panel Data Analysis on Twenty-Seven Provinces in China, 1985-2014. Child Obes 2020; 16:86-93. [PMID: 31621394 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2019.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: With the rapid economy development of China, the overweight and obesity rates of school-age children and adolescents in China have been on the rise. The purpose of this study is to explore how powerful an influence economic growth has on the weight of children and adolescents and examine the relationship between China's macroeconomic development and weight of children and adolescents in the past 30 years using provincial panel data collected from more than 1 million children and adolescents. Methods: Panel data from seven longitudinal surveys (1985, 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014) of the Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health, which include students, ages 7-22 years, from 27 provinces, were analyzed. Fixed-effects models were used to estimate the associations. Results: (1) For every 1% increase in per capita disposable income, the average weight of male and female students increased by ∼0.035% (p < 0.01) and 0.039% (p < 0.01), respectively. (2) Linear relationships were found between economic growth and weight of both boys and girls during the 30 years of the survey. The positive effect of the Chinese economy on weight of children and adolescents has been gradually increasing persistently. Conclusion: Linear relationships exist between economic growth and weight status of children and adolescents. The significant positive effect of the Chinese economy on weight of children and adolescents has been gradually and persistently increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Gan
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kehong Yu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Xie B, Jiao J, An Z, Zheng Y, Li Z. Deciphering the stroke-built environment nexus in transitional cities: Conceptual framework, empirical evidence, and implications for proactive planning intervention. CITIES (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 94:116-128. [PMID: 38239895 PMCID: PMC10795972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Adverse lifestyle-associated health outcomes, and stroke in particular, have been aggravated in transitional countries under high-speed urbanisation. Against this backdrop, deciphering the nexus between built environments (BEs) and lifestyle-associated health outcomes is of importance for crafting proactive interventions. The existing literature on this topic, however, fails to sufficiently capture the multiplicity of health-related BEs and, in turn, the complexity of such a nexus, largely challenging the applicability of established frameworks and the reliability of relevant findings. Looking at the case of stroke in Wuhan, China, this research aims to flesh out the understanding of the nexus between multidimensional BEs and lifestyle-associated health outcomes in transitional cities, with regards to conceptual framework and empirical evidence. To this end, we clarified stroke-related BE elements and integrated them into one conceptual framework. We then visualised stroke risk and examined its BE determinants using the Bayesian conditional autoregressive model. The visualisation results showed that stroke risks exhibited significant clustering in the high-density urban core. The statistical analysis found that, after the data were controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, net population density and building density were positively associated with stroke risk. In contrast, an abundance of public parks and institutional land use and access to medical care facilities have presented negative correlations with stroke risk, regardless of urban density. Our research reveals that compact urban developments might not be a silver bullet for health promotion in transitional cities, calling for an urgent need to scrutinise their applicability. To offset the adverse effects of increasingly dense urban environments, more efforts should also be made to provide better access to the identified salubrious resources. Furthermore, we argue that the establishment of comprehensive conceptual frameworks that connect BEs and lifestyle-associated health outcomes deserves to be highlighted in further research, planning intervention schemes, and health impact assessment projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junfeng Jiao
- School of Architecture, The University of Texas at Austin, 310 Inner Campus Drive, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Zihao An
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Yiling Zheng
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Gan X, Wen X, Lu Y, Yu K. Economic Growth and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Children and Adolescents in Urban Areas: A Panel Data Analysis of 27 Provinces in China, 1985-2014. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3772. [PMID: 31597246 PMCID: PMC6801901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With rapid economic development in China, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents is on a decline. However, this appears to have slowed down, reaching stagnation in certain areas. However, it is unclear if the change in CRF is related to economic growth and development or not. This study describes trends in CRF of Chinese children and adolescents, and empirically tests the relationships between China's macro-economic developments and cardiorespiratory fitness of children and adolescents over the past 30 years using provincial panel data collected from one million samples. We used per capita disposable income as the economic indicator. CRF was assessed by using running tests: 50 m × 8 for boys and girls (7-12 years), 1000 m for boys (13-22 years), and 800 m for girls (13-22 years). The results show that economic growth has a U-shaped relationship with CRF of children and adolescents (both boys and girls). It appears that as incomes increased, CRF of urban male and female students in China gradually decreased to its lowest point, after which it showed an upward trend. From a horizontal perspective, it can be inferred that for low-developed provinces, increases in incomes cause a decrease in CRF levels. In contrast, for highly developed provinces, as incomes increase, CRF levels increase. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the relationship between macro-economy and CRF of youth, based on provincial panel data. The results presented here can be used to formulate health policies targeting the cardiorespiratory fitness of children and adolescents from middle-income provinces in China. This study also provides a reference for developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Gan
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Xu Wen
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
- Center for Sports Modernization and Development, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Yijuan Lu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Kehong Yu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
- Center for Sports Modernization and Development, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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23
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An R, Shen J, Yang Q, Yang Y. Impact of built environment on physical activity and obesity among children and adolescents in China: A narrative systematic review. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2019; 8:153-169. [PMID: 30997262 PMCID: PMC6451055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neighborhood built environment may profoundly influence children's physical activity (PA) and body weight. This study systematically reviewed scientific evidence regarding the impact of built environment on PA and obesity among children and adolescents in China. METHODS A keyword and reference search was conducted in Active Living Research, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies that met all of the following criteria were included in the review: (1) study designs-experimental studies, observational studies, and qualitative studies; (2) study subjects-Chinese children and/or adolescents aged ≤17 years; (3) exposures-neighborhood built environment; (4) outcomes-PA and/or body weight status; (5) article type-peer-reviewed publications; (6) time window of search-from the inception of an electronicbibliographic database to May 31, 2018; (7) country-China; and (8) language-articles written in English. RESULTS A total of 20 studies, including 16 cross-sectional studies, 3 longitudinal studies, and 1 descriptive study, met the predetermined selection criteria and were included in the review. A total of 13 studies adopted subjective built environment measures reported by parents and/or children,2 adopted objective measures (e.g., geographical information system, field observations), and 5 adopted both objective and subjective measures. PA behaviors included PA, physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, active/passive commuting from/to school, and park visits. Among the 16 studies that provided some quantitative estimates of the influence of built environment on PA and body weight status, all reported a statistically significant relationship in the expected direction. Availability and accessibility in proximity to greenspaces, parks, recreational facilities, and sidewalks were found to be associated with increased PA levels, reduced sedentary behaviors, and/or active commuting among Chinese childrenand adolescents. In contrast, the absence of bike lanes and living in higher density residential areas were associated with increased likelihood of childhood overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION Neighborhood built environment plays an important role in Chinese children's PA engagement and weight outcomes. Building new exercise facilities and enhancing the accessibility of existing facilities hold the potential to enhance PA engagement among Chinese children and adolescents. In addition, urban designs that incorporate sidewalks, bike lanes, walking paths, less motorized traffic, and lower residential density are likely to promote PA and prevent childhood obesity in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruopeng An
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Jing Shen
- College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiuying Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Zhu Z, Tang Y, Zhuang J, Liu Y, Wu X, Cai Y, Wang L, Cao ZB, Chen P. Physical activity, screen viewing time, and overweight/obesity among Chinese children and adolescents: an update from the 2017 physical activity and fitness in China-the youth study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:197. [PMID: 30767780 PMCID: PMC6376726 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increases in inactive lifestyles and mounting pressure for academic excellence in Chinese younger populations, lack of physical activity and increased prevalence of obesity have become a major public health concern in China. The purpose of this study is to provide updated estimates on the prevalence of meeting moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and screen viewing time guidelines, and overweight and obesity among Chinese school-aged children and adolescents, with a secondary aim examining variations in prevalence by sex, grade groupings, and residential location. METHODS The study sample came from the 2017 Physical Activity and Fitness in China-The Youth Study, a cross-sectional and national survey of 131,859 students (aged 7 to 19 years) from 986 public schools in China. Measures of MVPA, screen viewing time, and age- and sex-specific overweight and obese body mass index were used to calculate national prevalence estimates of Chinese school-aged children and adolescents. RESULTS In 2017, 34.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 34.09-34.11%) of children and adolescents met MVPA guidelines and 65.4% (95% CI, 65.39-65.41%) adhered to screen viewing time guidelines. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.1% (95% CI, 15.09-15.11%) and 10.7% (95% CI, 10.69-10.71%), respectively. Prevalence estimates differed by sex (boys, girls), grade grouping (primary schools, junior middle schools, junior high schools), and residential location (rural, urban). CONCLUSIONS There remains a low prevalence of meeting MVPA guidelines and high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese school-aged children and adolescents. Future efforts should focus on monitoring the trend of these behavioral and health risk factors to inform school policies and programs aimed at increasing physical activity and reducing and preventing obesity in younger populations in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhu
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yan Tang
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Xueping Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yujun Cai
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Zhen-Bo Cao
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Peijie Chen
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
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25
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Kosowan L, Wener P, Holmqvist M, Gonzalez M, Halas G, Rothney J, Katz A. Physical activity promotion in Manitoba: Strengths, needs, and moving forward. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312118822910. [PMID: 30728967 PMCID: PMC6350162 DOI: 10.1177/2050312118822910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To present findings of a workshop with physical activity professionals in
Manitoba, Canada, to facilitate the enhancement of physical activity
promotion efforts by exploring (1) effective physical activity strategies,
(2) methods to strengthen physical activity strategies, (3) challenges in
implementing physical activity strategies in Manitoba, and (4) strategies to
support collaboration. Methods: The Manitoba Research Chair in Primary Prevention hosted a workshop for 54
stakeholders in Manitoba. Qualitative and quantitative data obtained from
the workshop were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and univariate
descriptive analysis. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants
with diverse experiences in physical activity promotion. Results: Strategies were identified and presented according to the socioecological
model. Community assessment and community engagement, regional partnerships,
capacity building, and mitigation of barriers characterized the discussion.
In addition, discussions emphasized the need for the consistent and
comprehensive application of a provincial physical activity action plan. The
workshop ended with a discussion of the importance of collaboration to
improve physical activity programs and initiatives. Conclusion: Several common needs were identified that reflect topics from the broader
literature. Collaborations and insights from workshop participants provide
direction to target increased physical activity support and programming
across disciplines, sectors, and regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Kosowan
- Department of Family Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Pamela Wener
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Maxine Holmqvist
- Clinical Health Psychology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Miriam Gonzalez
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gayle Halas
- Department of Family Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Janet Rothney
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Alan Katz
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, & Departments of Community Health Sciences and Family Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Lu Y. The Association of Urban Greenness and Walking Behavior: Using Google Street View and Deep Learning Techniques to Estimate Residents' Exposure to Urban Greenness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081576. [PMID: 30044417 PMCID: PMC6121356 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have established that urban greenness is associated with better health outcomes. Yet most studies assess urban greenness with overhead-view measures, such as park area or tree count, which often differs from the amount of greenness perceived by a person at eye-level on the ground. Furthermore, those studies are often criticized for the limitation of residential self-selection bias. In this study, urban greenness was extracted and assessed from profile view of streetscape images by Google Street View (GSV), in conjunction with deep learning techniques. We also explored a unique research opportunity arising in a citywide residential reallocation scheme of Hong Kong to reduce residential self-selection bias. Two multilevel regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between urban greenness and (1) the odds of walking for 24,773 public housing residents in Hong Kong, (2) total walking time of 1994 residents, while controlling for potential confounders. The results suggested that eye-level greenness was significantly related to higher odds of walking and longer walking time in both 400 m and 800 m buffers. Distance to the closest Mass Transit Rail (MTR) station was also associated with higher odds of walking. Number of shops was related to higher odds of walking in the 800 m buffer, but not in 400 m. Eye-level greenness, assessed by GSV images and deep learning techniques, can effectively estimate residents’ daily exposure to urban greenness, which is in turn associated with their walking behavior. Our findings apply to the entire public housing residents in Hong Kong, because of the large sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Lee EY, Lee S, Choi BY. Association between objectively measured built environments and adult physical activity in Gyeonggi province, Korea. Int J Public Health 2018; 63:1109-1121. [PMID: 29961108 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present study, the association between objectively measured built environments and physical activity (PA) was examined. METHODS Data were obtained from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS). A total of 82,419 individuals living in 546 neighborhoods of Gyeonggi province were analyzed. Built environments were measured by geographic information systems (GIS) using Korean government databases. PA was assessed using the IPAQ-short form. Multilevel logistic regression was performed. RESULTS Living in a community with a short distance to parks was associated with a 42% increased odds of PA; living in a community with low population density was associated with a 21% decreased odds of PA. However, most variations in PA were attributed to individual factors. Additionally, gender-specific correlates associated with PA were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although the associations of individual factors with PA were stronger than of community factors, notably, built environments influenced most people in a community. Therefore, along with health education and service, policy makers and planners should consider more parks in less populated areas to create a supportive environment for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimin-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugie Lee
- Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimin-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Yang J, Siri JG, Remais JV, Cheng Q, Zhang H, Chan KKY, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Cong N, Li X, Zhang W, Bai Y, Bi J, Cai W, Chan EYY, Chen W, Fan W, Fu H, He J, Huang H, Ji JS, Jia P, Jiang X, Kwan MP, Li T, Li X, Liang S, Liang X, Liang L, Liu Q, Lu Y, Luo Y, Ma X, Schwartländer B, Shen Z, Shi P, Su J, Wu T, Yang C, Yin Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu B, Gong P. The Tsinghua-Lancet Commission on Healthy Cities in China: unlocking the power of cities for a healthy China. Lancet 2018; 391:2140-2184. [PMID: 29678340 PMCID: PMC7159272 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - José G Siri
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Justin V Remais
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Qu Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Karen K Y Chan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Cong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Bai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjia Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Emily Y Y Chan
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wanqing Chen
- National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, National Central Cancer Registry Cancer Institute/Hospital, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College National Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weicheng Fan
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Fu
- Fudan Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqing He
- China National Engineering Research Center for Human Settlements, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - John S Ji
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Harvard Center Shanghai, Asia-Pacific Research Center, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peng Jia
- Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | | | - Mei-Po Kwan
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tianhong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xiguang Li
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Liang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Liang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liang
- Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Arkansas Forest Resources Center, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Arkansas at Monticello, Monticello, AR, USA
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Lu
- Department of Geography, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Yong Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiulian Ma
- Chinese Academy of Governance, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Peijun Shi
- Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology/Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tinghai Wu
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changhong Yang
- Institute for Public Health Information, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongyuan Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Gong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, China; Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Commuting Mode Choice in a High-Density City: Do Land-Use Density and Diversity Matter in Hong Kong? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050920. [PMID: 29734721 PMCID: PMC5981959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hong Kong is a densely populated and transit-oriented Chinese city, which provides an ideal urban environment with which to study the various successful facets of land use policy as a model for potential replication to curb increasing car use in other Chinese cities. We examine the commuting mode choice of 203,900 households living in 4768 street blocks in Hong Kong from 2011 census. A street block is the smallest planning unit, made up of one or more housing estates with a homogenous built environment and socioeconomic status. The built environment is measured using the five Ds framework, an international dimensioning framework for classifying and measuring attributes of the built environment for physical activity and travel behaviors. Generalized, multi-level mixed models were applied to detect the associations between travel choice and built environment characteristics, while adjusting for socioeconomic status. Design and destination accessibility had greater effects on the choices to walk and take public transport than on the choice to drive. Density and diversity had only marginal effects on mode choice. Unexpectedly, distance to the urban center had the opposite effect on automobile use to that found in Western studies. Hong Kong residents living close to the urban center were more likely to drive for commuting trips. The contrasting findings between our study and Western studies suggest that the associations between a high-density built environment and travel choice vary with urban context.
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Do Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs) and Established Urban Neighborhoods Have Similar Walking Levels in Hong Kong? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15030555. [PMID: 29558379 PMCID: PMC5877100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A sharp drop in physical activity and skyrocketing obesity rate has accompanied rapid urbanization in China. The urban planning concept of transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely advocated in China to promote physical activity, especially walking. Indeed, many design features thought to promote walking—e.g., mixed land use, densification, and well-connected street network—often characterize both TODs and established urban neighborhoods. Thus, it is often assumed that TODs have similar physical activity benefits as established urban neighborhoods. To verify this assumption, this study compared walking behaviors in established urban neighborhoods and transit-oriented new towns in Hong Kong. To address the limitation of self-selection bias, we conducted a study using Hong Kong citywide public housing scheme, which assigns residents to different housing estates by flat availability and family size rather than personal preference. The results show new town residents walked less for transportation purpose than urban residents. New town residents far from the transit station (800–1200 m) walked less for recreational purpose than TOD residents close to a rail transit station (<400 m) or urban residents. The observed disparity in walking behaviors challenges the common assumption that TOD and established urban neighborhoods have similar impact on walking behavior. The results suggest the necessity for more nuanced planning strategies, taking local-level factors into account to promote walking of TOD residents who live far from transit stations.
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31
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Deng Y, Paul DR. The Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Functional Health Status, Physical Activity, and the Availability of Recreational Facilities: a Rural-Urban Comparison in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults. Int J Behav Med 2018; 25:322-330. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-018-9714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Urban form can impact air pollution and public health. We reviewed health-related articles that assessed (1) the relationships among urban form, air pollution, and health as well as (2) aspects of the urban environment (i.e., green space, noise, physical activity) that may modify those relationships. RECENT FINDINGS Simulation and empirical studies demonstrate an association between compact growth, improved regional air quality, and health. Most studies are cross-sectional and focus on connections between transportation emissions and land use. The physical and mental health impacts of green space, public spaces that promote physical activity, and noise are well-studied aspects of the urban environment and there is evidence that these factors may modify the relationship between air pollution and health. Urban form can support efforts to design clean, health-promoting cities. More work is needed to operationalize specific strategies and to elucidate the causal pathways connecting various aspects of health.
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Physical Environment Correlates of Physical Activity in Developing Countries: A Review. J Phys Act Health 2017; 15:303-314. [PMID: 29278043 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases and obesity are considered problems of wealthy, developed countries. These conditions are rising dramatically in developing countries. Most existing research on the role of the physical environment to support physical activity examines developed countries only. OBJECTIVES This review identifies physical environment factors that are associated with physical activity in developing countries. METHODS This review is modeled on a highly cited review by Saelens and Handy in 2008. The current review analyzes findings from 159 empirical studies in the 138 developing countries. RESULTS Results discuss the association of physical environment features and physical activity for all developing countries and identify the patterns within regions. The review supports the association of traffic safety with physical activity for transportation. Rural (vs urban) residence, distance to nonresidential land uses, and "composite" features of the physical environment are associated with general physical activity. Rural (vs urban) residence is associated with physical activity for work. CONCLUSIONS More research is needed on associations between the physical environment and physical activity in developing countries. Research should identify specific physical environment features in urban areas that are associated with higher activity levels.
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34
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Rhodes RE, Janssen I, Bredin SSD, Warburton DER, Bauman A. Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol Health 2017; 32:942-975. [PMID: 28554222 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1325486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a broad overview of the state of physical activity (PA) research in the form of (1) definitions of PA, (2) health benefits, (3) prevalence, (4) correlates and (5) interventions. DESIGN A high-level overview of published reviews of the literature. RESULTS Regular PA is an effective primary and secondary preventative strategy against at least 25 chronic medical conditions with risk reduction typically in the 20-30% range. While approximately 75% of adults meet recommended PA guidelines, the prevalence is slightly lower for women compared to men, and considerably lower for youth, older adults and those in higher income countries. Motivation, self-efficacy and self-regulation remain consistent correlates of PA. Interventions show PA changes in the small effect size range for adults and youth but the heterogeneity is considerable across studies. Only a few (aggregate of behavioural regulation strategies, supervision, high frequency of contact) reliable moderators of intervention success were identified across study quality, sample characteristics, theory/behaviour change techniques and delivery modes/settings. CONCLUSION PA research should continue to examine the mechanisms causing health outcomes, the dose that can lead to clinically relevant changes in health status, the scope and validity of PA surveillance and innovative behaviour change techniques, while improving the reach and duration of PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Rhodes
- a Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education , University of Victoria , Victoria , Canada
| | - Ian Janssen
- b School of Kinesiology and Health Studies , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Shannon S D Bredin
- c School of Kinesiology , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| | | | - Adrian Bauman
- d School of Public Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
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35
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Choi J, Lee M, Lee JK, Kang D, Choi JY. Correlates associated with participation in physical activity among adults: a systematic review of reviews and update. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:356. [PMID: 28438146 PMCID: PMC5404309 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding which factors influence participation in physical activity is important to improve the public health. The aim of the present review of reviews was to summarize and present updated evidence on personal and environmental factors associated with physical activity. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for reviews published up to 31 Jan. 2017 reporting on potential factors of physical activity in adults aged over 18 years. The quality of each review was appraised with the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) checklist. The corrected covered area (CCA) was calculated as a measure of overlap for the primary publications in each review. RESULTS Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria which reviewed 90 personal and 27 environmental factors. The average quality of the studies was moderate, and the CCA ranged from 0 to 4.3%. For personal factors, self-efficacy was shown as the strongest factor for participation in physical activity (7 out of 9). Intention to exercise, outcome expectation, perceived behavioral control and perceived fitness were positively associated with physical activity in more than 3 reviews, while age and bad status of health or fitness were negatively associated with participation in physical activity in more than 3 reviews. For environmental factors, accessibility to facilities, presence of sidewalks, and aesthetics were positively associated with participation in physical activity. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review of reviews suggest that some personal and environmental factors were related with participation in physical activity. However, an association of various factors with physical activity could not be established because of the lack of primary studies to build up the organized evidence. More studies with a prospective design should be conducted to understand the potential causes for physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Miyoung Lee
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707, Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 71 Ihwhajang-gil, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03087, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Zhu W, Chi A, Sun Y. Physical activity among older Chinese adults living in urban and rural areas: A review. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2016; 5:281-286. [PMID: 30356525 PMCID: PMC6188614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
With an increase in rural-to-urban migration, a rapidly aging population, and the rising risk of developing noncommunicable diseases in China, it is important to understand the epidemiology of physical activity (PA) and health in the context of disease prevention and population health. Despite its public health importance, there is a significant lack of knowledge about PA in older Chinese adults that may hamper primary prevention efforts of health promotion in an increasingly aging population. To fill this gap, this article presents a narrative review of PA in the older Chinese adult population with a special focus on residential settings (i.e., urban and rural). Using existing studies, the review examines overall PA patterns and their correlates and discusses public health implications and future research. Although there are some preliminary indications of urban and rural differences in PA in the aging population in China, continued research efforts are needed to facilitate primary prevention efforts aimed at reducing noncommunicable diseases and promoting an active lifestyle among the largest population of older people in the world.
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