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Gholami R, Lawan I, Ebrahimi S, Pattulee A, Ahn CH, Rimdusit S. Toughening Polylactic Acid with Ultrafine Fully Vulcanized Powdered Natural Rubber Graft-Copolymerized with Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile): Tailoring the Styrene-Acrylonitrile Ratio for Enhanced Interfacial Interactions. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2254. [PMID: 39204474 PMCID: PMC11359756 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the sustainable toughening of polylactic acid (PLA) by incorporating ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber graft-copolymerized with poly-styrene-co-acrylonitrile (UFPNR-SAN). We investigated the effect of the styrene-to-acrylonitrile ratio (ST:AN) used during the grafting process on the final UFPNR-SAN compatibility with PLA. The ST:AN ratio was systematically varied during the grafting reaction to prepare UFPNR-SAN with a range of different surface energies. The ST:AN ratio of 4:1 showed the highest compatibility with the PLA matrix, attributed to optimal interfacial interactions and improved dispersion, as indicated by contact angle measurements and SEM observations. This resulted in a remarkable toughening of the PLA/UFPNR-SAN composite. For instance, an obvious fully ductile behavior without crack formation and flexural strain of around 17.5% against 5% of the neat PLA was recorded. In addition, 3.5 times improvement in the impact strength of the composite at 25 wt% dosage of the UFPNR-SAN was also achieved without compromising thermal properties. Overall, this study established the suitable ST:AN ratio on the grafting onto natural rubber to enhance interfacial interactions with PLA and its effects on the properties of the resulting PLA/UFPNR-SAN bio-based composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Gholami
- Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (R.G.); (I.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Ibrahim Lawan
- Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (R.G.); (I.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Sahar Ebrahimi
- Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (R.G.); (I.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Achiraya Pattulee
- Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (R.G.); (I.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Cheol-Hee Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sarawut Rimdusit
- Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (R.G.); (I.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
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2
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Liu X, Shi X, Hao Z, Wei S, Sun Y, Niu X, Liu C, Li M, Li Z. Effect of Complex Well Conditions on the Swelling and Tribological Properties of High-Acrylonitrile Stator Rubber in Screw Pumps. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2036. [PMID: 39065353 PMCID: PMC11280903 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of complex well conditions in shale oil wells on the swelling and tribological properties of high-acrylonitrile stator rubber used in screw pumps were investigated in this study. Tests were conducted considering the combined effects of immersion medium, temperature, and duration. The key parameters measured included mass change rate, volume change rate, hardness, elongation at break, tensile strength, surface micro-morphology of the rubber after thermal expansion and swelling, friction coefficient, and wear quantity. The results indicated that in the actual well fluids, the mass change rate of high-acrylonitrile rubber ranged from -1.08% to 1.29%, with a maximum volume change rate of 2.78%. In diesel oil, the greatest mass change rate of the rubber was 4.68%, and the volume change rate did not exceed ±1%, indicating superior swelling resistance. In both actual well fluids and diesel oil, the maximum decreases in hardness were 8.7% and 9.5%, respectively. Tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing immersion temperature, with elongation at break in 80 °C diesel oil decreasing by over 50%, indicating a significant decline in the tensile properties of the rubber. The average friction coefficient of rubber specimens immersed in actual well fluids at three temperatures, as well as in diesel oil at 25 and 50 °C, decreased compared with the high-acrylonitrile rubber without thermal expansion and swelling. However, the average friction coefficient of rubber specimens immersed in diesel oil at 80 °C increased. The wear quantity of the rubber increased following immersion in both media. Additionally, the friction coefficient and wear quantity of the rubber increased with increasing immersion temperatures. The results of the study can offer valuable insights into assessing the durability of properties in high-acrylonitrile stator rubber under complex well conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Liu
- Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (X.S.)
| | - Xiangzhi Shi
- Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (X.S.)
| | - Zhongxian Hao
- Research Institute of Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Songbo Wei
- Research Institute of Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (X.S.)
| | - Xinglong Niu
- Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (X.S.)
| | - Chunhua Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Ming Li
- SINOPEC DaLian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, Dalian 116045, China
| | - Zunzhao Li
- SINOPEC DaLian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, Dalian 116045, China
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Tessanan W, Phinyocheep P, Amornsakchai T. Sustainable Materials with Improved Biodegradability and Toughness from Blends of Poly(Lactic Acid), Pineapple Stem Starch and Modified Natural Rubber. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:232. [PMID: 38257031 PMCID: PMC10821380 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), derived from renewable resources, plays a significant role in the global biodegradable plastic market. However, its widespread adoption faces challenges, including high brittleness, hydrophobicity, limited biodegradability, and higher costs compared to traditional petroleum-based plastics. This study addresses these challenges by incorporating thermoplastic pineapple stem starch (TPSS) and modified natural rubber (MNR) into PLA blends. TPSS, derived from pineapple stem waste, is employed to enhance hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and reduce costs. While the addition of TPSS (10 to 40 wt.%) marginally lowered mechanical properties due to poor interfacial interaction with PLA, the inclusion of MNR (1 to 10 wt.%) in the PLA/20TPSS blend significantly improved stretchability and impact strength, resulting in suitable modulus (1.3 to 1.7 GPa) and mechanical strength (32 to 52 MPa) for diverse applications. The presence of 7 wt.% MNR increased impact strength by 90% compared to neat PLA. The ternary blend exhibited a heterogeneous morphology with enhanced interfacial adhesion, confirmed by microfibrils and a rough texture on the fracture surface. Additionally, a downward shift in PLA's glass transition temperature (Tg) by 5-6 °C indicated improved compatibility between components. Remarkably, the PLA ternary blends demonstrated superior water resistance and proper biodegradability compared to binary blends. These findings highlight the potential of bio-based plastics, such as PLA blends with TPSS and MNR, to contribute to sustainable economic models and reduce environmental impact for using in plastic packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasan Tessanan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Payathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (W.T.); (P.P.)
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pranee Phinyocheep
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Payathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (W.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Taweechai Amornsakchai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Payathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (W.T.); (P.P.)
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- TEAnity Team Co., Ltd., 40/494 Soi Navamintra 111, Khet Bueng Kum, Bangkok 10230, Thailand
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Yang H, Du J. Crystallinity, Rheology, and Mechanical Properties of Low-/High-Molecular-Weight PLA Blended Systems. Molecules 2023; 29:169. [PMID: 38202753 PMCID: PMC10780580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As semi-crystalline polyester (lactic acid) (PLA) is combined with other reinforcing materials, challenges such as phase separation, environmental pollution, and manufacturing difficulties could hinder the benefits of PLA, including complete biodegradability and strong mechanical properties. In the present investigation, melt blending is utilized to establish a mixture of low- and high-molecular-weight polylactic acids (LPLA and HPLA). The crystallinity, rheology, and mechanical properties of the combination were analyzed using rotational rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and universal testing equipment. The results demonstrate compatibility between LPLA and HPLA. Moreover, an increase in LPLA concentration leads to a decrease in the crystallization rate, spherulite size, fractional crystallinity, and XRD peak intensity during isothermal crystallization. LPLA acts as a diluent during isothermal crystallization, whereas HPLA functions as a nucleating agent in the non-isothermal crystallization process, promoting the growth of LPLA crystals and leading to co-crystallization. The blended system with a 5% LPLA mass fraction exhibits the highest tensile strength and enhances rheological characteristics. By effectively leveraging the relationship between various molecular weights of PLA's mechanical, rheological, and crystallization behavior, this scrutiny improves the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material, opening up new opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianghua Du
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials & Manufacturing Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Wang L, Wang Y, Mou C, Wang W, Zhu C, He S, Liu H, Liu W. Petal-like Patterning of Polylactide/Poly (Butylene Succinate) Thin Films Induced by Phase Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4463. [PMID: 38006187 PMCID: PMC10674647 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics are attracting attention as a solution to the problems caused by plastic waste. Among biodegradable plastics, polylactide (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) are particularly noteworthy because of their excellent biodegradability. However, the drawbacks of their mechanical properties prompts the need to compound them to achieve the desired strength. The characteristics of the interface of the composite material determine the realization of its final performance. The study of the interface and microstructure of composites is essential for the development of products from degradable polymers. The morphology evolution and microcrystal structure of spin-casted fully biodegradable (PLA/PBS) blend films were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomechanical mapping. Results show that intact blend films present an obvious phase separation, where the PBS phase is uniformly dispersed in the PLA phase in the form of pores. Furthermore, the size and number of the PBS phase have a power exponential relationship and linear relationship with PBS loading, respectively. Intriguingly, after annealing at 80 °C for 30 min, the PLA phase formed an orderly petal-like microcrystalline structure centered on the PBS phase. Moreover, the microcrystalline morphology changed from a "daisy type" to a "sunflower type" with the increased size of the PBS phase. Since the size of the PBS phase is controllable, a new method for preparing microscopic patterns using fully biodegradable polymers is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemical and Printing-Dyeing Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Chudi Mou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wanjie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Chengshen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Suqin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wentao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
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6
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Xu X, Yu J, Yang F, Li Y, Ou R, Liu Z, Liu T, Wang Q. Preparation of degradable chemically cross-linked polylactic acid films and its application on disposable straws. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126394. [PMID: 37595700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The semi-rigidity of the polylactic acid (PLA) molecular chain makes it brittle, poor impact resistance and barrier properties, which severely limits its practical applications. In this paper, a bio-based reactive plasticizer epoxy soybean oil (ESO) was used to improve the mechanical and barrier properties of maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid (MAPLA) by the chemical reaction between the epoxy and anhydride group. Firstly, the optimum curing conditions were 93.5 °C, 100 °C, and 110.8 °C for 2 h. The effects of different mass fractions of ESO on the properties of MAPLA-ESO (ME) films were systematically investigated. It was found that when the content of ESO was 10 wt%, the tensile properties of the resulting ME films were the best, with a tensile strength of 35.2 MPa. And it had an elongation at break of 20.0 % and toughness of 5.4 MJ/m3, which increased to 690 % and 675 %, respectively, compared with pure MAPLA films. The chemically crosslinked ME films also displayed excellent water resistance, well degradation, low migration properties, and better performance than that of commercial paper straws and PLA straws, exhibiting great application potential as degradable disposable straws. Therefore, this work provides an effective way to develop high-performance, green, and degradable PLA films and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fangfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yilu Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rongxian Ou
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qingwen Wang
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Yuan Q, Li Y, Wang S, He E, Yang B, Nie R. A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on Enhancement of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber with Varied Contents of Acrylonitrile. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3799. [PMID: 37765653 PMCID: PMC10535401 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular models of nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) with varied contents of acrylonitrile (ACN) were developed and investigated to provide an understanding of the enhancement mechanisms of ACN. The investigation was conducted using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to calculate and predict the mechanical and tribological properties of NBR through the constant strain method and the shearing model. The MD simulation results showed that the mechanical properties of NBR showed an increasing trend until the content of ACN reached 40%. The mechanism to enhance the strength of the rubber by ACN was investigated and analyzed by assessing the binding energy, radius of gyration, mean square displacement, and free volume. The abrasion rate (AR) of NBR was calculated using Fe-NBR-Fe models during the friction processes. The wear results of atomistic simulations indicated that the NBR with 40% ACN content had the best tribological properties due to the synergy among appropriate polarity, rigidity, and chain length of the NBR molecules. In addition, the random forest regression model of predicted AR, based on the dataset of feature parameters extracted by the MD models, was developed to obtain the variable importance for identifying the highly correlated parameters of AR. The torsion-bend-bend energy was obtained and used to successfully predict the AR trend on the new NBR models with other acrylonitrile contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China; (Q.Y.); (S.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yunlong Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China; (Q.Y.); (S.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Shijie Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China; (Q.Y.); (S.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Enqiu He
- School of Chemical Equipment, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China; (Q.Y.); (S.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Rui Nie
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University, Ningbo 315800, China;
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Rajabifar N, Rostami A. Investigation of the Effect of Hybrid Nanofiller on the Mechanical Performance and Surface Properties of Bio-Based Polylactic Acid/Polyolefin Elastomer (PLA/POE) Blend. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2708. [PMID: 37376354 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid has stood out among bio-based polymers for its usage in the food packaging industry and biomedical fields. Through the melt mixing process, the toughened poly(lactic) acid (PLA) was prepared with polyolefin elastomer (POE), incorporated via various ratios of nanoclay and a fixed amount of nanosilver particles (AgNPs). The correlation between the compatibility and morphology, mechanical properties, and surface roughness of samples with nanoclay was studied. The calculated surface tension and melt rheology confirmed the interfacial interaction demonstrated by droplet size, impact strength, and elongation at break. Each blend sample exhibited matrix-dispersed droplets, and the size of POE droplets steadily dropped with increasing nanoclay content, corresponding to the enhanced thermodynamic affinity between PLA and POE. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) acknowledged that the inclusion of nanoclay in the PLA/POE blend ameliorated the mechanical performance by preferable localization in the interface of used components. The optimum value of elongation at break was acquired at about 32.44%, where the incorporation of 1 wt.% nanoclay led, respectively, to 171.4% and 24% enhancement rather than the PLA/POE blend with the composition of 80/20 and the virgin PLA. Similarly, the impact strength reached 3.46 ± 0.18 kJ m-1 as the highest obtained amount, showing the proximity of 23% progress to the unfilled PLA/POE blend. Surface analysis indicated that adding nanoclay caused the augment of surface roughness from 23.78 ± 5.80 µm in the unfilled PLA/POE blend to 57.65 ± 18.2 µm in PLA/POE contained 3 wt.% nanoclay. Rheological measurements implied that organoclay resulted in the strengthening of melt viscosity as well as the rheological parameters such as storage modulus and loss modulus. Han plot further showed that the storage modulus is always higher than the loss modulus in all prepared PLA/POE nanocomposite samples, corresponding to the restriction of polymer chains mobility induced by the formation of strong molecular interaction between nanofillers and polymer chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariman Rajabifar
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran P.O. Box 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Amir Rostami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr P.O. Box 75169-13817, Iran
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9
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Cai Y, Liu S, Fang C, Liu Z, He Y, Qu JP. Strengthening-toughening pure poly(lactic acid) with ultra-transparency through increasing mesophase promoted by elongational flow field. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125091. [PMID: 37247709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), as a biodegradable material, finds wide applications in packaging, automotive, and biological industries. However, achieving high strength, toughness, ultra-transparency, and heat resistance simultaneously in pure PLA through continuous one-step manufacturing remains a significant challenge. In this study, we addressed this challenge by utilizing the eccentric rotor extruder (ERE) in combination with cooling rolls to manufacture PLA sheets with outstanding mechanical performance. The ERE's elongational flow field combined with the cooling roller's weak stretching action induced orientation in the PLA molecular chains and promoted the formation of more mesophase, significantly improving mechanical properties. When the extrusion-stretch ratio (λ) value was 3.5, the tensile yield strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break of ERE-fabricated samples ER-3.5 reached 86.2 MPa, 1777 MPa, and 57.9 %, respectively. Compared to the SE-3.5 samples manufactured with traditional methods, the increases were 38.8 %, 25.8 %, and 9.4 times, respectively. Additionally, the ERE manufactured samples maintained ultra-transparency and high heat resistance, making them suitable for food packaging, biomedicine, and other related fields. This methodology provides an efficient industrial-scale approach for manufacturing neat, biodegradable PLA with outstanding mechanical performance and ultra-transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Cong Fang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yue He
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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10
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Yu C, Feng J, Feng K, Mo Z, He Y, Wang Q, Yu A, Leng Z, Shi P, Liu Y. Effect of multi‐epoxy compatibilizers with branched structures on enhancing mechanical and compatibility of
PLA
/starch composite. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongdong Yu
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiang Feng
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Kailin Feng
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Mo
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin He
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Anyang Yu
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Leng
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Shi
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Liu
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province Zhuzhou People's Republic of China
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11
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Ma Z, Zhang C, Tang D, Yang Y, Yang F, Zhao M, Han Y, Weng Y. Enhancing toughness of poly(lactic acid) by regulating the hydroxyl value and viscosity of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Caili Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Duo Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Min Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
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12
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Shahroodi Z, Katbab AA. Preparation and characterization of peroxide‐based dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer of poly (lactic acid)/chloroprene rubber. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shahroodi
- Department of Polymer Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Katbab
- Department of Polymer Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
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13
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Shen J, Hu R, Jiang X, You F, Yao C, Yang H, Yu P. Enhanced Toughness and Sound Absorption Performance of Bio-Aerogel via Incorporation of Elastomer. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1344. [PMID: 35406218 PMCID: PMC9003560 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Arabic gum/ carboxylic butadiene-acrylonitrite latex aerogels (AG/XNBRL) hybrid aerogel was successfully prepared by a green method, i.e., the combination of latex compounding and vacuum freeze-drying process. After that, the obtained composites were subjected to a high temperature treatment to crosslink the rubber phase. It was found that the AG in the AG/XNBRL hybrid aerogel could act as a framework to improve the dimensional stability of the aerogel, while the XNBRL phase could significantly improve the mechanical flexibility of the ensuing composite. Compared to the AG aerogel which is highly brittle in nature, the AG/XNBRL hybrid aerogel not only exhibits significantly enhanced toughness, but also shows improved thermal stability and sound absorption performances; for instance, the half weight loss (50%) temperature and average sound adsorption coefficient for aerogel containing 30 wt% XNBRL is 344 °C and 0.585, respectively, which are superior to those of neat AG aerogel. Overall, this work provides novel inspiration to prepare the mechanical robust bio-based aerogel for the sound absorption application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junshi Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Ruofei Hu
- Department of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
| | - Xueliang Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Feng You
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Chu Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Huan Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Peng Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (J.S.); (F.Y.); (C.Y.); (H.Y.)
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14
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Varghese P. J G, David DA, Karuth A, Manamkeri Jafferali JF, P. M SB, George JJ, Rasulev B, Raghavan P. Experimental and Simulation Studies on Nonwoven Polypropylene-Nitrile Rubber Blend: Recycling of Medical Face Masks to an Engineering Product. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:4791-4803. [PMID: 35187299 PMCID: PMC8851451 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The battle against the COVID-19 pandemic counters the waste management system, as billions of single-use face masks are used per day all over the world. Proper disposal of used face masks without jeopardizing the health and the environment is a challenge. Herein, a novel method for recycling of medical face masks has been studied. This method incorporates the nonwoven polypropylene (PP) fiber, which is taken off from the mask after disinfecting it, with acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) using maleic anhydride as the compatibilizer, which results in a PP-NBR blend with a high percentage economy. The PP-NBR blends show enhanced thermomechanical properties among which, 70 wt % PP content shows superior properties compared to other composites with 40, 50, and 60 wt % of PP. The fully Atomistic simulation of PP-NBR blend with compatibilizer shows an improved tensile and barrier properties, which is in good agreement with the experimental studies. The molecular dynamics simulation confirms that the compatibility between non-polar PP and polar NBR phases are vitally important for increasing the interfacial adhesion and impeding the phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Varghese P. J
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna (IIT P), Patna 801106, Bihar, India
- Materials
Science and NanoEngineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and
Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Deepthi Anna David
- Materials
Science and NanoEngineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and
Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University
of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Anas Karuth
- Department
of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Jabeen Fatima Manamkeri Jafferali
- Materials
Science and NanoEngineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and
Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Sabura Begum P. M
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University
of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Jinu Jacob George
- Materials
Science and NanoEngineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and
Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Bakhtiyor Rasulev
- Department
of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Prasanth Raghavan
- Materials
Science and NanoEngineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and
Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
- Department
of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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15
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Ilyas RA, Zuhri MYM, Aisyah HA, Asyraf MRM, Hassan SA, Zainudin ES, Sapuan SM, Sharma S, Bangar SP, Jumaidin R, Nawab Y, Faudzi AAM, Abral H, Asrofi M, Syafri E, Sari NH. Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polylactic Acid, Polylactic Acid Blends and Their Composites for Advanced Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:202. [PMID: 35012228 PMCID: PMC8747475 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a thermoplastic polymer produced from lactic acid that has been chiefly utilized in biodegradable material and as a composite matrix material. PLA is a prominent biomaterial that is widely used to replace traditional petrochemical-based polymers in various applications owing environmental concerns. Green composites have gained greater attention as ecological consciousness has grown since they have the potential to be more appealing than conventional petroleum-based composites, which are toxic and nonbiodegradable. PLA-based composites with natural fiber have been extensively utilized in a variety of applications, from packaging to medicine, due to their biodegradable, recyclable, high mechanical strength, low toxicity, good barrier properties, friendly processing, and excellent characteristics. A summary of natural fibers, green composites, and PLA, along with their respective properties, classification, functionality, and different processing methods, are discussed to discover the natural fiber-reinforced PLA composite material development for a wide range of applications. This work also emphasizes the research and properties of PLA-based green composites, PLA blend composites, and PLA hybrid composites over the past few years. PLA's potential as a strong material in engineering applications areas is addressed. This review also covers issues, challenges, opportunities, and perspectives in developing and characterizing PLA-based green composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - M. Y. M. Zuhri
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - H. A. Aisyah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia;
| | - S. A. Hassan
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - E. S. Zainudin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - S. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Punjab 144603, India;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research and Development and Chandigarh Universiti, Pubjab 140413, India
| | - S. P. Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA;
| | - R. Jumaidin
- Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Jalan Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
| | - Y. Nawab
- Textile Composite Materials Research Group, National Center for Composite Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan;
| | - A. A. M. Faudzi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - H. Abral
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia;
| | - M. Asrofi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jember, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember 68121, Indonesia;
| | - E. Syafri
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Agricultural Polytechnic, Payakumbuh 26271, Indonesia;
| | - N. H. Sari
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mataram, Mataram 83115, Indonesia;
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16
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17
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Ebrahimi F, Ramezani Dana H. Poly lactic acid (PLA) polymers: from properties to biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1944140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Ebrahimi
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Hossein Ramezani Dana
- Laboratoire de Mécanique, Surface, Matériaux Procédés (MSMP) – EA 7350, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, HESAM Université, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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18
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Lohrasbi P, Yeganeh JK. Synergistic toughening of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (
PLA
/
EVA
) by dynamic vulcanization and presence of hydrophobic nanoparticles. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Lohrasbi
- Polymer Engineering Department Qom University of Technology Qom Iran
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19
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Combination of Corn Pith Fiber and Biobased Flame Retardant: A Novel Method toward Flame Retardancy, Thermal Stability, and Mechanical Properties of Polylactide. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13101562. [PMID: 34068074 PMCID: PMC8152498 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some crop by-products are considered to be promising materials for the development of novel biobased products for industrial applications. The flammability of these alternatives to conventional materials is a constraint to expanded applications. Polylactide (PLA) composites containing a combination of oxidized corn pith fiber (OCC) and a biobased flame retardant (PA-THAM) have been prepared via an in situ modification method. SEM/EDS, FTIR and TGA were performed to establish that PA-THAM was coated onto the surface of OCC. The mechanical properties, thermal stability and fire behavior of PLA-based biocomposites were investigated. The incorporation of 5 phr PA-THAM imparted biocomposite good interfacial adhesion and increased decomposition temperature at 10% mass loss by 50 °C. The flame retardant properties were also improved, as reflected by an increased LOI value, a UL-94 V-2 rating, reduction of PHRR, and increased formation of char residue. Therefore, the introduction of 5 phr PA-THAM can maintain a good balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of this PLA/OCC system.
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20
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Maroufkhani M, Katbab A, Bizhani H, Zhang J. Toward morphology development and impact strength of Co-continuous supertough dynamically vulcanized rubber toughened PLA blends: Effect of sulfur content. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Karbalaei‐Bagher M, Ahmadi Z, Nazockdast H. A modus operandi toward interfacial enhancement of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/ polybenzoxazine blends using
EPDM‐
grafted
‐
vinyltrimethoxysilane copolymer. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Karbalaei‐Bagher
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Mahshahr Iran
| | - Zahed Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
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22
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Nussana L, Anand A, Uthaipan N, Kalkornsurapranee E, Johns J. Effects of grafting level and nano-clay loading on the properties of cured NR/PVA blends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2020.1819086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lehman Nussana
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Adeppa Anand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | - Nattapon Uthaipan
- Sino-Thai International Rubber College, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Jobish Johns
- Department of Physics, R&D Center, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
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23
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Panigrahi H, Sreenath P, Kotnees DK. Unique Compatibilized Thermoplastic Elastomer with High Strength and Remarkable Ductility: Effect of Multiple Point Interactions within a Rubber-Plastic Blend. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12789-12808. [PMID: 32548463 PMCID: PMC7288363 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the case of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on nonpolar polypropylene (PP) and polar rubbers, a small quantity of a third component known as the compatibilizer is added to maximize the compatibility between the incompatible blend components. Generally, one part of the compatibilizer reacts with the nonpolar PP phase and the other part of the compatibilizer reacts with the polar rubber phase, which in turn produces TPEs with useful properties. Till today, there have been no reports in the literature that examine the effect of a compatibilizer that can have multifaceted interactions with the incompatible blend components for the development of TPEs with unique properties. Accordingly, here, an ethylene-acrylic ester-maleic anhydride terpolymer (E-AE-MA-TP) has been used as the compatibilizer for the preparation of TPEs based on nonpolar isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) and polar epichlorohydrin rubber (ECR). The E-AE-MA-TP compatibilizer contains ethylene groups, acrylic groups, and anhydride/acid groups along its backbone, which act as the sites for establishing multifaceted interactions with both i-PP and ECR. The compatibilization efficiency of the E-AE-MA-TP compatibilizer has been analyzed by contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, tensile stress-strain studies, mixing torque profiles, rheological studies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. The particle size of the dispersed ECR domains in the i-PP matrix of the i-PP/ECR blend prominently decreases (∼90% reduction) by incorporation of a very low dosage (5 wt %) of the E-AE-MA-TP compatibilizer. The i-PP/ECR (40 wt %/60 wt %) blend containing 5 wt % compatibilizer displays outstanding mechanical properties (especially strain at break value (∼370%)), which are superior to the mechanical properties of several compatibilized TPEs (based on PP and polar rubbers) reported in the literature. The unique properties of TPEs based on i-PP and ECR in the presence of the E-AE-MA-TP compatibilizer is attributed to the efficacy of the E-AE-MA-TP compatibilizer to establish multifaceted interactions with both i-PP and ECR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harekrishna Panigrahi
- Department of Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Patna 801106, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Kotnees
- Department of Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Patna 801106, India
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24
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Using cellulose nanocrystals as sustainable additive to enhance mechanical and shape memory properties of PLA/ENR thermoplastic vulcanizates. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Yang W, Weng Y, Puglia D, Qi G, Dong W, Kenny JM, Ma P. Poly(lactic acid)/lignin films with enhanced toughness and anti-oxidation performance for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Zhao X, Hu H, Wang X, Yu X, Zhou W, Peng S. Super tough poly(lactic acid) blends: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13316-13368. [PMID: 35492128 PMCID: PMC9051451 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01801e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) or poly(lactide) (PLA) is a renewable, bio-based, and biodegradable aliphatic thermoplastic polyester that is considered a promising alternative to petrochemical-derived polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications. However, PLA is inherently brittle, with less than 10% elongation at break and a relatively poor impact strength, which limit its use in some specific areas. Therefore, enhancing the toughness of PLA has been widely explored in academic and industrial fields over the last two decades. This work aims to summarize and organize the current development in super tough PLA fabricated via polymer blending. The miscibility and compatibility of PLA-based blends, and the methods and approaches for compatibilized PLA blends are briefly discussed. Recent advances in PLA modified with various polymers for improving the toughness of PLA are also summarized and elucidated systematically in this review. Various polymers used in toughening PLA are discussed and organized: elastomers, such as petroleum-based traditional polyurethanes (PUs), bio-based elastomers, and biodegradable polyester elastomers; glycidyl ester compatibilizers and their copolymers/elastomers, such as poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EGMA), poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EBA-GMA); rubber; petroleum-based traditional plastics, such as PE and PP; and various biodegradable polymers, such as poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and natural macromolecules, especially starch. The high tensile toughness and high impact strength of PLA-based blends are briefly outlined, while the super tough PLA-based blends with impact strength exceeding 50 kJ m−2 are elucidated in detail. The toughening strategies and approaches of PLA based super tough blends are summarized and analyzed. The relationship of the properties of PLA-based blends and their morphological parameters, including particle size, interparticle distance, and phase morphologies, are presented. PLA is a renewable, bio-based, and biodegradable aliphatic thermoplastic polyester that is considered a promising alternative to petrochemical-derived polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipo Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Huan Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xin Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Weiyi Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Shaoxian Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
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Li HW, Zhang BB, Yang JN, Li H, Gui JC, Lei Z. Study on Blending of Wall Material of the Nonel Tube by CSW/PE-g-MAH. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:7590692. [PMID: 32089947 PMCID: PMC7024081 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7590692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the strength and resistance of ordinary nonel tubes, calcium sulfate whiskers (CSW, treated with silane coupling agent) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH) are used to control the wall material of the nonel tube that the blending of the low-density polyethylene was enhanced. The effects of mass fraction of CSW or PE-g-MAH on the tensile properties, interfacial structure, melting and crystallization characteristics, and thermal decomposition behavior of the composite system were studied, and the thermal decomposition kinetics were calculated. The results show that, relative to pure LDPE, the strength of LDPE/CSW (85/15) is increased by 7.58%, and the strength of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH (84/15/1) is increased by 7.58%. The addition of CSW or PE-g-MAH has gradually changed the fracture mode of the LDPE matrix. Thermal analysis shows that CSW can reduce the crystallinity of LDPE. The melting and crystallization characteristics of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH composites have little effect, but the thermal decomposition stability is improved. The kinetic analysis showed that the reaction order (n) was around 1, CSW could improve LDPE/CSW thermal decomposition activation energy, and PE-g-MAH increased the thermal decomposition activation energy of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Bin-bin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-nian Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-chang Gui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhan Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
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Samthong C, Kunanusont N, Deetuam C, Wongkhan T, Supannasud T, Somwangthanaroj A. Effect of acrylonitrile content of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber on mechanical and thermal properties of dynamically vulcanized poly(lactic acid) blends. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chavakorn Samthong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Nappaphan Kunanusont
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Chutimar Deetuam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Tanchanok Wongkhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Thanapat Supannasud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Anongnat Somwangthanaroj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
- Special Task Force of Activating Research (STAR) in Novel Technology for Food Packaging and Control of Shelf LifeChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
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29
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Filament Extrusion and Its 3D Printing of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Styrene-co-Methyl Methacrylate) Blends. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9235153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the melt blending of amorphous poly(lactide acid) (PLA) with poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) (poly(S-co-MMA)). The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends were made using amorphous PLA compositions from 50, 75, and 90wt.%, namely PLA50/poly(S-co-MMA)50, PLA75/poly(S-co-MMA)25, and PLA90/poly(S-co-MMA)10, respectively. The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blend pellets were extruded into filaments through a prototype extruder at 195 °C. The 3D printing was done via fused deposition modeling (FDM) at the same temperature and a 40 mm/s feed rate. Furthermore, thermogravimetric curves of the PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends showed slight thermal decomposition with less than 0.2% mass loss during filament extrusion and 3D printing. However, the thermal decomposition of the blends is lower when compared to amorphous PLA and poly(S-co-MMA). On the contrary, the PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blend has a higher Young’s modulus (E) than amorphous PLA, and is closer to poly(S-co-MMA), in particular, PLA90/poly(S-co-MMA)10. The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends proved improved properties concerning amorphous PLA through mechanical and rheological characterization.
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30
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Barghamadi M, Ghoreishy MHR, Karrabi M, Mohammadian‐Gezaz S. Investigation on the kinetics of cure reaction of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/graphene nanocomposite using various models. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Karrabi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute Tehran P. O. Box 14965‐115 Iran
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31
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Zhang X, Mao Z, Zhang J. Significant improvement of the low-temperature toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends through the concept of mismatched thermal expansion coefficient. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic terpolymer (ASA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) ternary blends were designed based on the concept of mismatched thermal expansion coefficient between different components, resulting in significant improvement of the low-temperature toughness. The large difference in thermal expansion coefficients strengthened the interfacial tensile force (i.e. negative pressure) on NBR phase and reduced its glass transition temperature (T
g
) by nearly 20°C, which was attributed to the improvement in the free volume of NBR. As a result, the low-temperature toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends improved significantly. With the incorporation of 12.5 phr NBR in the PVC/ASA (100/15, w/w) matrix, the blends could achieve the highest impact strength of 76.2 kJ/m2 at 0°C and 10.7 kJ/m2 at −30°C. Simultaneously, the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the toughness shifted to the high NBR content region with the decrease of temperature. However, the improvement in the toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends was at the expense of a decrease in rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Zepeng Mao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009 , China
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32
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Wang Q, Li Y, Zhou X, Wang T, Qiu L, Gu Y, Chang J. Toughened Poly(lactic acid)/BEP Composites with Good Biodegradability and Cytocompatibility. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1413. [PMID: 31466330 PMCID: PMC6780854 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Using novel biodegradable elastomer particles (BEP) prepared by the technologies of melt polycondensation, emulsification, and irradiation vulcanization, we successfully prepared advanced poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/BEP composites with higher toughness, higher biodegradability, and better cytocompatibility than neat PLA by means of the melt blending technology. The experimental results revealed that the elongation at break of the PLA/BEP composites containing 8 parts per hundred rubber (phr) by weight BEP increased dramatically from 2.9% of neat PLA to 67.1%, and the notched impact strength increased from 3.01 to 7.24 kJ/m2. Meanwhile, the biodegradation rate of the PLA/BEP composites increased dramatically in both soil environment and lipase solution, and the crystallization rate and crystallinity of the PLA/BEP composites increased significantly compared to those of neat PLA. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay also showed that the viability of L929 cells in the presence of extracts of PLA/BEP composites was more than 75%, indicating that the PLA/BEP composites were not cytotoxic and had better cytocompatibility than neat PLA. Research on advanced PLA/BEP composites opens up new potential avenues for preparing advanced PLA products, especially for advanced biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Yongxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Tongyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Liyan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yuanchun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jiabing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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33
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Lyu Y, Pang J, Gao Z, Zhang Q, Shi X. Characterization of the compatibility of PVC/PLA blends by Aid of Rheological Responses. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Nematollahi M, Jalali‐Arani A, Modarress H. Effect of nanoparticle localization on the rheology, morphology and toughness of nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/nanosilica. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nematollahi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color TechnologyAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali‐Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color TechnologyAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Modarress
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
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35
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Phetphaisit CW, Wapanyakul W, Phinyocheep P. Effect of modified rubber powder on the morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of blown poly(lactic acid)-hydroxyl epoxidized natural rubber films for flexible film packaging. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chor Wayakron Phetphaisit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
| | - Wittawat Wapanyakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
| | - Pranee Phinyocheep
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Mahidol University; 10400 Thailand
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36
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Keshavarzi S, Babaei A, Goudarzi A, Shakeri A. ZnO nanoparticles as chain elasticity reducer and structural elasticity enhancer: Correlating the degradating role and localization of ZnO with the morphological and mechanical properties of PLA/PP/ZnO nanocomposite. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Keshavarzi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Golestan University; PO Box 4913815759 Gorgan Iran
| | - Amir Babaei
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Golestan University; PO Box 4913815759 Gorgan Iran
| | - Alireza Goudarzi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Golestan University; PO Box 4913815759 Gorgan Iran
| | - Alireza Shakeri
- Department of chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fazreen Alias
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ismail
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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38
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39
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Poly (lactic acid) blends: Processing, properties and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 125:307-360. [PMID: 30528997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly (lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA) is a commercial biobased, biodegradable, biocompatible, compostable and non-toxic polymer that has competitive material and processing costs and desirable mechanical properties. Thereby, it can be considered favorably for biomedical applications and as the most promising substitute for petroleum-based polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications. However, PLA has some significant shortcomings such as low melt strength, slow crystallization rate, poor processability, high brittleness, low toughness, and low service temperature, which limit its applications. To overcome these limitations, blending PLA with other polymers is an inexpensive approach that could also tailor the final properties of PLA-based products. During the last two decades, researchers investigated the synthesis, processing, properties, and development of various PLA-based blend systems including miscible blends of poly l-lactide (PLLA) and poly d-lactide (PDLA), which generate stereocomplex crystals, binary immiscible/miscible blends of PLA with other thermoplastics, multifunctional ternary blends using a third polymer or fillers such as nanoparticles, as well as PLA-based blend foam systems. This article reviews all these investigations and compares the syntheses/processing-morphology-properties interrelationships in PLA-based blends developed so far for various applications.
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40
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Ahmadzadeh Y, Babaei A, Goudarzi A. Assessment of localization and degradation of ZnO nano-particles in the PLA/PCL biocompatible blend through a comprehensive rheological characterization. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Towards polylactide/core-shell rubber blends with balanced stiffness and toughness via the formation of rubber particle network with the aid of stereocomplex crystallites. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Nematollahi M, Jalali-Arani A, Modarress H. High-performance bio-based poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/epoxidized natural rubber blends: effect of epoxidized natural rubber on microstructure, toughness and static and dynamic mechanical properties. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nematollahi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Modarress
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
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43
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Ai X, Li X, Yu Y, Pan H, Yang J, Wang D, Yang H, Zhang H, Dong L. The Mechanical, Thermal, Rheological and Morphological Properties of PLA/PBAT Blown Films by Using Bis(tert-butyl dioxy isopropyl) Benzene as Crosslinking Agent. POLYM ENG SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ai
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlei Yu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Huiliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Lisong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Changchun People's Republic of China
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44
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Hamad K, Kaseem M, Ayyoob M, Joo J, Deri F. Polylactic acid blends: The future of green, light and tough. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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45
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Liu W, Qiu J, Zhu L, Fei ME, Qiu R, Sakai E, Ito K, Song G, Tang G. Tannic acid-induced crosslinking of epoxidized soybean oil for toughening poly(lactic acid) via dynamic vulcanization. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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46
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Ma M, Liu K, Zheng H, Chen S, Wu B, Shi Y, Wang X. Effect of the composition and degree of crosslinking on the properties of poly( l
-lactic acid)/crosslinked polyurethane blends. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Haiming Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Bozhen Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Yanqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou PR China
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47
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The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1169-1178. [PMID: 29883703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. However, alginate was not favorable for cell adhesion. Therefore, poly (ε‑caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were electrospun with alginate to improve biocompatibility. The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. This dynamic system successfully fulfilled the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility. To our knowledge, this study may be the first one which dynamically regulates scaffold composition for substrate-mediated gene delivery.
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48
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Liu W, Qiu J, Fei ME, Qiu R, Sakai E. Manufacturing of Thermally Remoldable Blends from Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Poly(lactic acid) via Dynamic Cross-Linking in a Twin-Screw Extruder. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Liu
- Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Qiu
- Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan
- Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ming-en Fei
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Renhui Qiu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Eiichi Sakai
- Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan
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49
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Effect of Surface Modification on Impact Strength and Flexural Strength of Poly(lactic acid)/Silicon Carbide Nanocomposites. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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