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Lai YJ, Lin YC, Hsu CH, Tseng HH, Lee CN, Huang PC, Hsu HY, Kuo LC. Are the sensorimotor control capabilities of the hands the factors influencing hand function in people with schizophrenia? BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:807. [PMID: 37936136 PMCID: PMC10631069 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous works reported people with schizophrenia experienced inferior hand functions which influence their daily participation and work efficiency. Sensorimotor capability is one of indispensable elements acting in a well-executed feed-forward and feedback control loop to contribute to hand performances. However, rare studies investigated contribution of sensorimotor ability to hand functions for people with schizophrenia. This study aimed to explore hand function in people with schizophrenia based on the perspective of the sensorimotor control capabilities of the hands. METHODS Twenty-seven people at the chronic stage of schizophrenia were enrolled. The following assessment tools were used: the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) and the VALPAR Component Work Sample-8 (VCWS 8) system for hand function; the Self-Reported Graphic version of the Personal and Social Performance (SRG-PSP) scale for functionality; and the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments (SWM), the pinch-holding-up-activity (PHUA) test and the Manual Tactile Test (MTT) for the sensory and sensorimotor parameters. The Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale and the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) were used to grade the severity of the illness and the side-effects of the drugs. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze associations among hand function, functionality, and sensorimotor capabilities. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the determinants of hand function. RESULTS The results indicated that both hand function and sensorimotor capability were worse in people with schizophrenia than in healthy people, with the exception of the sensory threshold measured with the SWM. Moreover, the sensorimotor abilities of the hands were associated with hand function. The results of the regression analysis showed that the MTT measure of stereognosis was a determinant of the PPT measure of the dominant hand function and of the performance on the VCWS 8, and that the ESRS and the MTT measure of barognosis were determinants of the performance on the assembly task of the PPT. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that sensorimotor capabilities, especially stereognosis and barognosis, are crucial determinants of hand function in people with schizophrenia. The results also revealed that the side effects of drugs and the duration of the illness directly affect hand function. CLINICAL TRAIL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , identifier NCT04941677, 28/06/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Lai
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsiang Hsu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Chuan Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Yun Hsu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Xie Y, Guan M, Wang Z, Ma Z, Wang H, Fang P. Alterations in brain connectivity patterns in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations during low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115457. [PMID: 37716322 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia. Although low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been demonstrated to alleviate the severity of AVH, its exact neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the alterations in brain connectivity patterns in schizophrenia patients with AVH after low frequency rTMS. Furthermore, the relationship between these alterations and clinical outcomes was examined, thereby identifying potential biomarkers for rTMS treatment efficacy. METHODS A total of 30 schizophrenia patients with AVH and 33 healthy controls were recruited. The patients received 1 Hz rTMS applied to the left temporoparietal junction region over 15 days. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were conducted for all participants. Subsequently, degree centrality (DC) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses were employed to identify specific alterations in brain connectivity patterns after rTMS treatment. RESULTS At baseline, patients exhibited divergent DC patterns in the frontal, occipital, and limbic lobes compared to healthy controls. In addition, prior to treatment, patients demonstrated altered FC from the superior frontal gyrus seeds that linked to the frontal, temporal, and somatosensory regions. Following rTMS treatment, these abnormalities were notably reversed, correlating with improved clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that schizophrenia patients with AVH exhibited atypical interactions within the frontal and temporal lobes. These alterations might be crucial biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of low frequency rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Xie
- Military Medical Psychology School , Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Muzhen Guan
- Department of Mental Health, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhujing Ma
- Military Medical Psychology School , Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Peng Fang
- Military Medical Psychology School , Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Yagyu K, Toyomaki A, Hashimoto N, Shiraishi H, Kusumi I, Murohashi H. Approach to impaired corollary discharge in patients with schizophrenia: An analysis of self-induced somatosensory evoked potentials and fields. Front Psychol 2022; 13:904995. [PMID: 36059767 PMCID: PMC9428598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.904995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Difficulty in distinguishing between self-generated actions and those generated by others is a core feature of schizophrenia. This is thought to be underpinned by the failure of corollary discharge. However, few studies have investigated these events using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs). Methods The study included 15 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and 16 healthy controls. SEP and SEF were elicited by electrical stimuli to the left median nerve at intervals of 1–3 s. In the external condition, stimuli were externally induced by a machine. In the self-condition, stimuli were induced by tapping the participants’ own right index finger. Peak amplitude at C4’ in SEP and root mean square in 10 channels on the right primary somatosensory area in SEF were analyzed. Results Although there was a significant main effect of condition at N20m, and a significant main effect of condition and group at P30m, no significant interactions of condition and group were found in either N20m or P30m. The post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that the peak value of P30m in the external condition was significantly higher than that in the self-condition in the healthy control group only. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the peak value of P30m in the self-condition and a positive symptom score. Conclusion In the current study, we did not find abnormalities of corollary discharge in primary sensory areas in patients with schizophrenia. Further investigations with more cases may reveal the possibility of corollary discharge disturbance in the primary sensory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyori Yagyu
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Toyomaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
- *Correspondence: Naoki Hashimoto,
| | - Hideaki Shiraishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
| | - Harumitsu Murohashi
- Department of Human Development Sciences, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Education, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan
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4
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Neural substrates of respiratory sensory gating: A human fMRI study. Biol Psychol 2022; 169:108277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wiesman AI, Mundorf VM, Casagrande CC, Wolfson SL, Johnson CM, May PE, Murman DL, Wilson TW. Somatosensory dysfunction is masked by variable cognitive deficits across patients on the Alzheimer's disease spectrum. EBioMedicine 2021; 73:103638. [PMID: 34689085 PMCID: PMC8550984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is generally thought to spare primary sensory function; however, such interpretations have drawn from a literature that has rarely taken into account the variable cognitive declines seen in patients with AD. As these cognitive domains are now known to modulate cortical somatosensory processing, it remains possible that abnormalities in somatosensory function in patients with AD have been suppressed by neuropsychological variability in previous research. Methods In this study, we combine magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging during a paired-pulse somatosensory gating task with an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests to investigate the influence of cognitive variability on estimated differences in somatosensory function between biomarker-confirmed patients on the AD spectrum and cognitively-normal older adults. Findings We show that patients on the AD spectrum exhibit largely non-significant differences in somatosensory function when cognitive variability is not considered (p-value range: .020–.842). However, once attention and processing speed abilities are considered, robust differences in gamma-frequency somatosensory response amplitude (p < .001) and gating (p = .004) emerge, accompanied by significant statistical suppression effects. Interpretation These findings suggest that patients with AD exhibit insults to functional somatosensory processing in primary sensory cortices, but these effects are masked by variability in cognitive decline across individuals. Funding National Institutes of Health, USA; Fremont Area Alzheimer's Fund, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Victoria M Mundorf
- Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Chloe C Casagrande
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Pamela E May
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Daniel L Murman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Memory Disorders and Behavioral Neurology Program, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
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Trevarrow MP, Lew BJ, Hoffman RM, Taylor BK, Wilson TW, Kurz MJ. Altered Somatosensory Cortical Activity Is Associated with Cortical Thickness in Adults with Cerebral Palsy: Multimodal Evidence from MEG/sMRI. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:1286-1294. [PMID: 34416763 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory cortical activity is altered in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). However, previous studies have focused on the lower extremities in children with CP and have given less attention to structural changes that may contribute to these alterations. We used a multimodal neuroimaging approach to investigate the relationship between somatosensory cortical activity and cortical thickness in 17 adults with CP (age = 32.8 ± 9.3 years) and 18 healthy adult controls (age = 30.7 ± 9.8 years). Participants performed a median nerve paired-pulse stimulation paradigm while undergoing magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate somatosensory cortical activity and sensory gating. Participants also underwent magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate cortical thickness within the area of the somatosensory cortex that generated the MEG response. We found that the somatosensory responses were attenuated in the adults with CP (P = 0.004). The adults with CP also hypergated the second stimulation (P = 0.030) and had decreased cortical thickness in the somatosensory cortex (P = 0.015). Finally, the strength of the somatosensory response was significantly correlated with the cortical thickness (P = 0.023). These findings demonstrate that the aberrant somatosensory cortical activity in adults with CP extends to the upper extremities and appears to be related to cortical thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Trevarrow
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Brandon J Lew
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Rashelle M Hoffman
- Department of Physical Therapy, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Brittany K Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Max J Kurz
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
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7
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McCusker MC, Lew BJ, Wilson TW. Three-Year Reliability of MEG Visual and Somatosensory Responses. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:2534-2548. [PMID: 33341876 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of many translational neuroimaging studies is the identification of biomarkers of disease. However, a prerequisite for any such biomarker is robust reliability, which for magnetoencephalography (MEG) and many other imaging modalities has not been established. In this study, we examined the reliability of visual (Experiment 1) and somatosensory gating (Experiment 2) responses in 19 healthy adults who repeated these experiments for three visits spaced 18 months apart. Visual oscillatory and somatosensory oscillatory and evoked responses were imaged, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were computed to examine the long-term reliability of these responses. In Experiment 1, ICCs showed good reliability for visual theta and alpha responses in occipital cortices, but poor reliability for gamma responses. In Experiment 2, the time series of somatosensory gamma and evoked responses in the contralateral somatosensory cortex showed good reliability. Finally, analyses of spontaneous baseline activity indicated excellent reliability for occipital alpha, moderate reliability for occipital theta, and poor reliability for visual/somatosensory gamma activity. Overall, MEG responses to visual and somatosensory stimuli show a high degree of reliability across 3 years and therefore may be stable indicators of sensory processing long term and thereby of potential interest as biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C McCusker
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, 68010, USA
| | - Brandon J Lew
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, 68010, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, 68010, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Vallinoja J, Jaatela J, Nurmi T, Piitulainen H. Gating Patterns to Proprioceptive Stimulation in Various Cortical Areas: An MEG Study in Children and Adults using Spatial ICA. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1523-1537. [PMID: 33140082 PMCID: PMC7869097 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioceptive paired-stimulus paradigm was used for 30 children (10-17 years) and 21 adult (25-45 years) volunteers in magnetoencephalography (MEG). Their right index finger was moved twice with 500-ms interval every 4 ± 25 s (repeated 100 times) using a pneumatic-movement actuator. Spatial-independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to identify stimulus-related components from MEG cortical responses. Clustering was used to identify spatiotemporally consistent components across subjects. We found a consistent primary response in the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex with similar gating ratios of 0.72 and 0.69 for the children and adults, respectively. Secondary responses with similar transient gating behavior were centered bilaterally in proximity of the lateral sulcus. Delayed and prolonged responses with strong gating were found in the frontal and parietal cortices possibly corresponding to larger processing network of somatosensory afference. No significant correlation between age and gating ratio was found. We confirmed that cortical gating to proprioceptive stimuli is comparable to other somatosensory and auditory domains, and between children and adults. Gating occurred broadly beyond SI cortex. Spatial ICA revealed several consistent response patterns in various cortical regions which would have been challenging to detect with more commonly applied equivalent current dipole or distributed source estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Vallinoja
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Julia Jaatela
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Timo Nurmi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harri Piitulainen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, MEG Core, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland
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Cheng CH, Liu CY, Hsu SC, Tseng YJ. Reduced coupling of somatosensory gating and gamma oscillation in panic disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 307:111227. [PMID: 33248324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that patients with panic disorder (PD) exhibited an aberrant level of GABA concentration, an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain. However, it remains substantially unclear whether the inhibitory function regarding the neurophysiological characteristics is altered in this disease. Sensory gating (SG) is considered as an automatic inhibitory function in the sensory cortex. In addition, brain's gamma oscillation within the sensory cortex is another index to reflect inhibitory function. Here we aimed to investigate whether the patients with PD showed altered inhibitory function in the somatosensory system, including the primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortices. A total of 20 healthy controls and 21 patients with PD underwent magnetoencephalographic recordings. Paired-pulse and single-pulse paradigms were used to study SG and gamma oscillations, respectively. There were no significant between-group differences in the SG function in the SI and SII. However, patients with PD demonstrated a reduced gamma power in the SI. Among the healthy individuals, strong associations between SG ratios and gamma frequency values were observed in the SI. However, such a functional relationship disappeared among the patients with PD. We suggested the reduced coupling of SG and gamma oscillation as one of the neural signatures in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND Lab), Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yih Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhan Tseng
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Popov T, Rockstroh B, Miller GA. Oscillatory connectivity as a mechanism of auditory sensory gating and its disruption in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology 2021; 59:e13770. [PMID: 33491212 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although innumerable studies using an auditory sensory gating paradigm have confirmed that individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) show less reduction in brain response to the second in a pair of clicks, this large literature has not yielded consensus on the circuit(s) responsible for gating nor for the gating difference in SZ. Clinically stable adult inpatients (N = 157) and matched community participants (N = 90) participated in a standard auditory sensory gating protocol. Responses to paired clicks were quantified as peak-to-peak amplitude from a response at approximately 50 ms to a response at approximately 100 ms in MEG-derived source waveforms. For bilateral sources in each of four regions near Heschl's gyrus, the gating ratio was computed as the response to the second stimulus divided by the response to the first stimulus. Spectrally resolved Granger causality quantified effective connectivity among regions manifested in alpha-band oscillatory coupling before and during stimulation. Poorer sensory gating localized to A1 in SZ than in controls confirmed previous results, here found in adjacent brain regions as well. Spontaneous, stimulus-independent effective connectivity within the hemisphere from angular gyrus to portions of the superior temporal gyrus was lower in SZ and correlated with gating ratio. Significant involvement of frontal and subcortical brain regions previously proposed as contributing to the auditory gating abnormality was not found. Findings point to endogenous connectivity evident in a sequence of activity from angular gyrus to portions of superior temporal gyrus as a mechanism contributing to normal and abnormal gating in SZ and potentially to sensory and cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzvetan Popov
- Methods of Plasticity Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Zheng L, Yan W, Yu L, Gao B, Yu S, Chen L, Hao X, Liu H, Lin Z. Altered Effective Brain Connectivity During Habituation in First Episode Schizophrenia With Auditory Verbal Hallucinations: A Dichotic Listening EEG Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:731387. [PMID: 35046846 PMCID: PMC8761615 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.731387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Habituation is considered to have protective and filtering mechanisms. The present study is aim to find the casual relationship and mechanisms of excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) dysfunctions in schizophrenia (SCZ) via habituation. Methods: A dichotic listening paradigm was performed with simultaneous EEG recording on 22 schizophrenia patients and 22 gender- and age-matched healthy controls. Source reconstruction and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) analysis were performed to estimate the effective connectivity and casual relationship between frontal and temporal regions before and after habituation. Results: The schizophrenia patients expressed later habituation onset (p < 0.01) and hyper-activity in both lateral frontal-temporal cortices than controls (p = 0.001). The patients also showed decreased top-down and bottom-up connectivity in bilateral frontal-temporal regions (p < 0.01). The contralateral frontal-frontal and temporal-temporal connectivity showed a left to right decreasing (p < 0.01) and right to left strengthening (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results give causal evidence for E/I imbalance in schizophrenia during dichotic auditory processing. The altered effective connectivity in frontal-temporal circuit could represent the trait bio-marker of schizophrenia with auditory hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weizheng Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Linzhen Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Liu D, Fan HZ, Zhao WX, Wang YH, Li D, Wu JL, Yan TY, Tan SP. Deficits of Tactile Passive Perception Acuity in Patients With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:519248. [PMID: 33192644 PMCID: PMC7652750 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.519248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Scarce literature has yet to characterize the tactile discrimination capability as well as the underlying mechanism of tactile deficits in psychotic disorder. In particular, very little is known regarding the tactile perception acuity in schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 131 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and 79 healthy control (HC) volunteers were enrolled in the study. All the participants were tested on a tactile stimulus device which could quantify the tactile discrimination capability with right index finger scanned over the angles via the passive finger-movement apparatus. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was adapted to assess the neurocognition of the participants. Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between tactile perception performance and neurocognitive function. Results: It was discovered that there existed a significant deficits in the tactile passive perception acuity (i.e., tactile angle discrimination threshold) in patients with schizophrenia compared with their healthy controls (F (3, 206) = 11.458, P = 0.001,partial η2 = 0.053). The MCCB total score and its six domains were significantly lower in SCZ patients than those in HCs (all p < 0.001). In the SCZ group, the composite score of the MCCB (r = -0.312, P < 0.001) and domains of neurocognition including speed of processing (r = -0.191, P = 0.031), attention/vigilance (r = -0.177, P = 0.047), working memory (r = -0.316, P < 0.001), verbal learning (r = - 0.332, P < 0.001), visual learning (r = -0.260, P = 0.004), and reasoning and problem solving (r = -0.209, P = 0.018) showed significant negative correlations with the tactile angle discrimination threshold. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that neurocognition impairment, especially the decline of working memory (B = -0.312, P < 0.001),underpin the tactile perception discrimination deficits in patients with SCZ. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to unravel the deficits of tactile passive perception acuity and its underlying neurocognition basis in patients with SCZ. This finding adds novel evidence to the subtle variation in haptic discrimination skills in schizophrenia which contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the sensory profiles of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhen Fan
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Xuan Zhao
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Hui Wang
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Long Wu
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Intelligent Robotics Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Yi Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Ping Tan
- Huilongguan College of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Espenhahn S, Yan T, Beltrano W, Kaur S, Godfrey K, Cortese F, Bray S, Harris AD. The effect of movie-watching on electroencephalographic responses to tactile stimulation. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117130. [PMID: 32622982 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Movie-watching is becoming a popular acquisition method to increase compliance and enable neuroimaging data collection in challenging populations such as children, with potential to facilitate studying the somatosensory system. However, relatively little is known about the possible crossmodal (audiovisual) influence of movies on cortical somatosensory processing. In this study, we examined the impact of dynamic audiovisual movies on concurrent cortical somatosensory processing using electroencephalography (EEG). Forty healthy young adults (18-25 years) received passive tactile fingertip stimulation while watching an "entertaining" movie and a novel "low-demand" movie called 'Inscapes' compared to eyes-open rest. Watching a movie did not modulate properties of early or late somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs). Similarly, no crossmodal influence on somatosensory adaptation, denoted by a reduction in SEP amplitude with repetitive tactile stimulation, was found. The prominent oscillatory responses in the alpha and beta frequency bands following tactile stimulation differed as a function of viewing condition, with stronger alpha/beta event-related desynchronization (ERD) during movie-watching compared to rest. These findings highlight that movie-watching is a valid acquisition method during which SEPs can be measured in basic research and clinical studies, but that the attentional demands of movies need to be taken into account when performing oscillatory analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Espenhahn
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Tingting Yan
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Winnica Beltrano
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sakshi Kaur
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kate Godfrey
- Department of Neuroscience, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Filomeno Cortese
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Signe Bray
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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14
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Wiesman AI, Wilson TW. Attention modulates the gating of primary somatosensory oscillations. Neuroimage 2020; 211:116610. [PMID: 32044438 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory gating (SG) is a well-studied phenomenon in which neural responses are reduced to identical stimuli presented in succession, and is thought to represent the functional inhibition of primary sensory information that is redundant in nature. SG is traditionally considered pre-attentive, but little is known about the effects of attentional state on this process. In this study, we investigate the impact of directed attention on somatosensory SG using magnetoencephalography. Healthy young adults (n = 26) performed a novel somato-visual paired-pulse oddball paradigm, in which attention was directed towards or away from paired-pulse stimulation of the left median nerve. We observed a robust evoked (i.e., phase-locked) somatosensory response in the time domain, and three stereotyped oscillatory responses in the time-frequency domain including an early theta response (4-8 Hz), and later alpha (8-14 Hz) and beta (20-26 Hz) responses across attentional states. The amplitudes of the evoked response and the theta and beta oscillations were gated for the second stimulus, however, only the gating of the oscillatory responses was altered by attention. Specifically, directing attention to the somatosensory domain enhanced SG of the early theta response, while reducing SG of the later alpha and beta responses. Further, prefrontal alpha-band coherence with the primary somatosensory cortex was greater when attention was directed towards the somatosensory domain, supporting a frontal modulatory effect on the alpha response in primary somatosensory regions. These findings highlight the dynamic effects of attentional modulation on somatosensory processing, and the importance of considering attentional state in studies of SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA.
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15
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Kurz MJ, Wiesman AI, Coolidge NM, Wilson TW. Children with Cerebral Palsy Hyper-Gate Somatosensory Stimulations of the Foot. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:2431-2438. [PMID: 28591842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We currently have a substantial knowledge gap in our understanding of the neurophysiological underpinnings of the sensory perception deficits often reported in the clinic for children with cerebral palsy (CP). In this investigation, we have begun to address this knowledge gap by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) brain imaging to evaluate the sensory gating of neural oscillations in the somatosensory cortices. A cohort of children with CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System II-III) and typically developing children underwent paired-pulse electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve during MEG. Advanced beamforming methods were used to image significant oscillatory responses, and subsequently the time series of neural activity was extracted from peak voxels. Our experimental results showed that somatosensory cortical oscillations (10-75 Hz) were weaker in the children with CP for both stimulations. Despite this reduction, the children with CP actually exhibited a hyper-gating response to the second, redundant peripheral stimulation applied to the foot. These results have further established the nexus of the cortical somatosensory processing deficits that are likely responsible for the degraded sensory perceptions reported in the clinic for children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J Kurz
- Department of Physical Therapy, Munroe Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alex I Wiesman
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nathan M Coolidge
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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16
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Takeuchi N, Kinukawa T, Sugiyama S, Inui K, Kanemoto K, Nishihara M. Suppression of Somatosensory Evoked Cortical Responses by Noxious Stimuli. Brain Topogr 2019; 32:783-793. [PMID: 31218521 PMCID: PMC6707979 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-019-00721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paired-pulse suppression refers to attenuation of neural activity in response to a second stimulus and has a pivotal role in inhibition of redundant sensory inputs. Previous studies have suggested that cortical responses to a somatosensory stimulus are modulated not only by a preceding same stimulus, but also by stimulus from a different submodality. Using magnetoencephalography, we examined somatosensory suppression induced by three different conditioning stimuli. The test stimulus was a train of electrical pulses to the dorsum of the left hand at 100 Hz lasting 1500 ms. For the pulse train, the intensity of the stimulus was abruptly increased at 1200 ms. Cortical responses to the abrupt intensity change were recorded and used as the test response. Conditioning stimuli were presented at 600 ms as pure tones, either innocuous or noxious electrical stimulation to the right foot. Four stimulus conditions were used: (1) Test alone, (2) Test + auditory stimulus, (3) Test + somatosensory stimulus, and (4) Test + nociceptive stimulus. Our results showed that the amplitude of the test response was significantly smaller for conditions (3) and (4) in the secondary somatosensory cortex contralateral (cSII) and ipsilateral (iSII) to the stimulated side as compared to the response to condition (1), whereas the amplitude of the response in the primary somatosensory cortex did not differ among the conditions. The auditory stimulus did not have effects on somatosensory change-related response. These findings show that somatosensory suppression was induced by not only a conditioning stimulus of the same somatosensory submodality and the same cutaneous site to the test stimulus, but also by that of a different submodality in a remote area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Takeuchi
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Kinukawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Koji Inui
- Aichi Human Service Center, Institute of Human Developmental Research, Kasugai, 480-0392, Japan.,Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazak, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kousuke Kanemoto
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishihara
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan.,Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
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17
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Takeuchi N, Sugiyama S, Inui K, Kanemoto K, Nishihara M. Long-latency suppression of auditory and somatosensory change-related cortical responses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199614. [PMID: 29944700 PMCID: PMC6019261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory suppression is a mechanism that attenuates selective information. As for long-latency suppression in auditory and somatosensory systems, paired-pulse suppression, observed as 2 identical stimuli spaced by approximately 500 ms, is widely known, though its mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between auditory and somatosensory long-latency suppression of change-related cortical responses using magnetoencephalography. Somatosensory change-related responses were evoked by an abrupt increase in stimulus strength in a train of current-constant square wave pulses at 100 Hz to the left median nerve at the wrist. Furthermore, auditory change-related responses were elicited by an increase in sound pressure by 15 dB in a continuous sound composed of a train of 25-ms pure tones. Binaural stimulation was used in Experiment 1, while monaural stimulation was used in Experiment 2. For both somatosensory and auditory stimuli, the conditioning and test stimuli were identical, and inserted at 2400 and 3000 ms, respectively. The results showed clear suppression of the test response in the bilateral parisylvian region, but not in the postcentral gyrus of the contralateral hemisphere in the somatosensory system. Similarly, the test response in the bilateral supratemporal plane (N100m) was suppressed in the auditory system. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between suppression of right N100m and right parisylvian activity, suggesting that similar mechanisms are involved in both. Finally, a high test-retest reliability for suppression was seen with both modalities. Suppression revealed in the present study is considered to reflect sensory inhibition ability in individual subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Takeuchi
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shunsuke Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koji Inui
- Institute of Human Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kousuke Kanemoto
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishihara
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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18
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Altered functional connectivity differs in stroke survivors with impaired touch sensation following left and right hemisphere lesions. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 18:342-355. [PMID: 29487791 PMCID: PMC5814381 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One in two survivors experience impairment in touch sensation after stroke. The nature of this impairment is likely associated with changes associated with the functional somatosensory network of the brain; however few studies have examined this. In particular, the impact of lesioned hemisphere has not been investigated. We examined resting state functional connectivity in 28 stroke survivors, 14 with left hemisphere and 14 with right hemisphere lesion, and 14 healthy controls. Contra-lesional hands showed significantly decreased touch discrimination. Whole brain functional connectivity (FC) data was extracted from four seed regions, i.e. primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices in both hemispheres. Whole brain FC maps and Laterality Indices (LI) were calculated for subgroups. Inter-hemispheric FC was greater in healthy controls compared to the combined stroke cohort from the left S1 seed and bilateral S2 seeds. The left lesion subgroup showed decreased FC, relative to controls, from left ipsi-lesional S1 to contra-lesional S1 and to distributed temporal, occipital and parietal regions. In comparison, the right lesion group showed decreased connectivity from contra-lesional left S1 and bilateral S2 to ipsi-lesional parietal operculum (S2), and to occipital and temporal regions. The right lesion group also showed increased intra-hemispheric FC from ipsi-lesional right S1 to inferior parietal regions compared to controls. In comparison to the left lesion group, those with right lesion showed greater intra-hemispheric connectivity from left S1 to left parietal and occipital regions and from right S1 to right angular and parietal regions. Laterality Indices were significantly greater for stroke subgroups relative to matched controls for contra-lesional S1 (left lesion group) and contra-lesional S2 (both groups). We provide evidence of altered functional connectivity within the somatosensory network, across both hemispheres, and to other networks in stroke survivors with impaired touch sensation. Hemisphere of lesion was associated with different patterns of altered functional connectivity within the somatosensory network and with related function was associated with different patterns of altered functional connectivity within the somatosensory network and with related functional networks. Examined somatosensory resting functional connectivity (RSFC) in left/right lesion stroke patients and/healthy controls. Seed based voxel wise (SB) and laterality index (LI) analyses were used. Left lesion SB results showed decreased RSFC in somatosensory and attention regions vs. controls/right lesion patients. Right lesion patients showed increased RSFC compared to controls and left lesion patients to inferior parietal areas. LI results showed increased laterality in both left and right lesion groups between the somatosensory seeds. This suggests RSFC may differ depending on laterality of lesion damage, with altered connectivity profiles between networks.
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Jeon SJ, Kim E, Lee JS, Oh HK, Zhang J, Kwon Y, Jang DS, Ryu JH. Maslinic acid ameliorates NMDA receptor blockade-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice. Neuropharmacology 2017; 126:168-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Automatic inhibitory function in the human somatosensory and motor cortices: An MEG-MRS study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4234. [PMID: 28652623 PMCID: PMC5484662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the automatic inhibitory function of the human cerebral cortex has been extensively investigated by means of electrophysiological recordings, the corresponding modulating neurochemical mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to examine whether the primary somatosensory (SI) and primary motor cortical (MI) inhibitory function is associated with endogenous GABA levels. Eighteen young participants received paired-pulse and single-pulse electrical stimulation to the median nerve during magnetoencephalographic recordings. The SI sensory gating (SG), considered as an automatic inhibitory ability, was measured as the amplitude ratio of Stimulus 2 over Stimulus 1, in the paired-pulse paradigm. In addition, stimulus-induced beta activity, considered to originate from MI and also to be related to inhibitory function, was estimated using the single-pulse paradigm. The GABA+ concentration of the sensorimotor cortex was acquired from each subject by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). A lower SG ratio in SI was significantly associated with an increased beta power in MI. More importantly, the beta rebound power, but not SI SG ratio, was positively correlated with GABA+ concentration. Our findings show a tight functional relationship between SI and MI during processing of automatic inhibition. GABA+ levels appear to be more closely related to the automatic inhibitory function of MI than SI.
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21
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Hsiao FJ, Wang SJ, Lin YY, Fuh JL, Ko YC, Wang PN, Chen WT. Somatosensory gating is altered and associated with migraine chronification: A magnetoencephalographic study. Cephalalgia 2017; 38:744-753. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102417712718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Brain excitability is changed in migraine but not fully characterized yet. This study explored if somatosensory gating is altered in migraine and linked to migraine chronification. Methods Paired electrical stimuli were delivered to the left index fingers of 21 patients with migraine without aura (MO), 22 patients with chronic migraine (CM), and 36 controls. The first and second responses to the paired stimuli were obtained from the contralateral primary (cSI), contralateral secondary (cSII) and ipsilateral secondary (iSII) somatosensory cortices to compute the gating ratios (second vs. first response strengths). Results The first and second cSI responses and gating ratios differed in all groups ( p < 0.05); the responses were typically smaller in the MO and CM groups. The cSI gating ratio increased as a continuum across controls (0.73 ± 0.04, p < 0.001), MO (0.83 ± 0.04) to CM (0.97 ± 0.06) and was higher in CM vs. controls ( p < 0.001). When MO and CM were combined, cSI gating ratio was associated with headache frequency (r = 0.418, p = 0.005). Paired responses and gating ratios of cSII and iSII did not differ among the groups. Conclusions Somatosensory gating is altered in migraine and associated with headache chronification. Further studies must clarify if this abnormal sensory modulation is a true gating deficit independent of low preexcitation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jung Hsiao
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yang Lin
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Ko
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ta Chen
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Abstract
A fundamental adaptive mechanism of auditory function is inhibitory gating (IG), which refers to the attenuation of neural responses to repeated sound stimuli. IG is drastically impaired in individuals with emotional and cognitive impairments (i.e. posttraumatic stress disorder). The objective of this study was to test whether chronic stress impairs the IG of the auditory cortex (AC). We used the standard two-tone stimulus paradigm and examined the parametric qualities of IG in the AC of rats by recording the electrophysiological signals of a single-unit and local field potential (LFP) simultaneously. The main results of this study were that most of the AC neurons showed a weaker response to the second tone than to the first tone, reflecting an IG of the repeated input. A fast negative wave of LFP showed consistent IG across the sampled AC sites, whereas a slow positive wave of LFP had less IG effect. IG was diminished following chronic restraint stress at both, the single-unit and LFP level, due to the increase in response to the second tone. This study provided new evidence that chronic stress disrupts the physiological function of the AC. Lay Summary The effects of chronic stress on IG were investigated by recording both, single-unit spike and LFP activities, in the AC of rats. In normal rats, most of the single-unit and N25 LFP activities in the AC showed an IG effect. IG was diminished following chronic restraint stress at both, the single-unit and LFP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Ma
- a Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science , China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning Province , P.R. China
| | - Wai Li
- a Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science , China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning Province , P.R. China
| | - Sibin Li
- a Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science , China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning Province , P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- a Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science , China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning Province , P.R. China
| | - Ling Qin
- a Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science , China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning Province , P.R. China
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Abstract
Initially considered as mere side effects of antipsychotic medication, there is now evidence that motor and somatosensory disturbances precede the onset of the illness and can be found in drug-naive patients. However, research on the topic is scarce. Here, we were interested in assessing the accuracy of the neural signal in detecting parametric variations of force linked to a voluntary motor act and a received tactile sensation, either self-generated or externally generated. Patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while asked to press, or abstain from pressing, a lever in order to match a visual target force. Forces, exerted and received, varied on 10 levels from 0.5 N to 5 N in 0.5 N increments. Healthy participants revealed a positive correlation between force and activity in contralateral primary somatosensory area (S1) when performing a movement as well as when receiving a tactile sensation but only when this was externally, and not self-, generated. Patients showed evidence of altered force signaling in both motor and tactile conditions, as well as increased correlation with force when tactile sensation was self-generated. Findings are interpreted in line with accounts of predictive and sensory integration mechanisms and point toward alterations in the encoding of parametric forces in the motor and somatosensory domain in patients affected by schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martinelli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Rigoli
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sukhwinder S. Shergill
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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Wiesman AI, Heinrichs-Graham E, Coolidge NM, Gehringer JE, Kurz MJ, Wilson TW. Oscillatory dynamics and functional connectivity during gating of primary somatosensory responses. J Physiol 2016; 595:1365-1375. [PMID: 27779747 DOI: 10.1113/jp273192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Sensory gating is important for preventing excessive environmental stimulation from overloading neural resources. Gating in the human somatosensory cortices is a critically understudied topic, particularly in the lower extremities. We utilize the unique capabilities of magnetoencephalographic neuroimaging to quantify the normative neural population responses and dynamic functional connectivity of somatosensory gating in the lower extremities of healthy human participants. We show that somatosensory processing is subserved by a robust gating effect in the oscillatory domain, as well as a dynamic effect on interhemispheric functional connectivity between primary sensory cortices. These results provide novel insight into the dynamic neural mechanisms that underlie the processing of somatosensory information in the human brain, and will be vital in better understanding the neural responses that are aberrant in gait-related neurological disorders (e.g. cerebral palsy). ABSTRACT Sensory gating (SG) is a phenomenon in which neuronal responses to subsequent similar stimuli are weaker, and is considered to be an important mechanism for preventing excessive environmental stimulation from overloading shared neural resources. Although gating has been demonstrated in multiple sensory systems, the neural dynamics and developmental trajectory underlying SG remain poorly understood. In the present study, we adopt a data-driven approach to map the spectrotemporal amplitude and functional connectivity (FC) dynamics that support gating in the somatosensory system (somato-SG) in healthy children and adolescents using magnetoencephalography (MEG). These data underwent time-frequency decomposition and the significant signal changes were imaged using a beamformer. Voxel time series were then extracted from the peak voxels and these signals were examined in the time and time-frequency domains, and then subjected to dynamic FC analysis. The results obtained indicate a significant decrease in the amplitude of the neural response following the second stimulation relative to the first in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). A significant decrease in response latency was also found between stimulations, and each stimulation induced a sharp decrease in FC between somatosensory cortical areas. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between somato-SG metrics and age. We conclude that somato-SG can be observed in SI in both the time and oscillatory domains, with rich dynamics and alterations in inter-hemispheric FC, and that this phenomenon has already matured by early childhood. A better understanding of these dynamics may provide insight to the numerous psychiatric and neurologic conditions that have been associated with aberrant SG across multiple modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences.,Center for Magnetoencephalography.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience
| | | | | | - James E Gehringer
- Center for Magnetoencephalography.,Department of Physical Therapy, Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Max J Kurz
- Center for Magnetoencephalography.,Department of Physical Therapy, Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences.,Center for Magnetoencephalography
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25
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Minichino A, Delle Chiaie R, Cruccu G, Piroso S, Di Stefano G, Francesconi M, Bersani FS, Biondi M, Truini A. Pain-processing abnormalities in bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and schizophrenia: A novel trait marker for psychosis proneness and functional outcome? Bipolar Disord 2016; 18:591-601. [PMID: 27782355 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overlapping neural system dysfunctions, mainly involving the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the anterior insular cortex (AIC), seem to be related to both pain-perception abnormalities and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) were used to investigate pain-perception and central pain-processing abnormalities in SCZ, bipolar I disorder (BD-I), and bipolar II disorder (BD-II), and to evaluate their relationship with history of psychosis, and social-cognitive and functional impairments. METHODS Twenty patients with SCZ, 17 patients with BD-I, and 21 patients with BD-II who were all under similar pharmacological treatment underwent clinical, functional, and neuro-psychological assessment. LEPs were analyzed in patients and 19 healthy subjects (HS). LEPs elicit responses reflecting the activity of the S2 (N1 wave) and the ACC/AIC cortices (N2/P2 complex). A four-group ANOVA was conducted between patients and HS to compare pain-perceptive thresholds (PThs), N1, and N2/P2-LEP components. RESULTS Compared to HS: (i) patients with SCZ showed pain-processing and pain-perception abnormalities, as revealed by significantly higher PTh (P<.01), and lower N1 (P<.01) and N2/P2 (P<.01) amplitudes, (ii) patients with BD-I showed only pain-processing abnormalities, as revealed by significantly lower N1 (P<.05) and N2 (P<.01) amplitudes; and patients with BD-II did not differ for any of the LEP variables investigated. N1 and N2 amplitudes negatively correlated to history of psychosis (P<.01), social-cognition (P<.05), and real-world functioning (P<.01) measures in the whole group of patients. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing central pain processing in patients with SCZ, BD-I, and BD-II. Our results suggest that pain-processing abnormalities may represent a novel locus of interest for research investigating trait markers of the psychosis spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Minichino
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Delle Chiaie
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cruccu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Piroso
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Stefano
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Francesconi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Massimo Biondi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Truini
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Györffy BA, Gulyássy P, Gellén B, Völgyi K, Madarasi D, Kis V, Ozohanics O, Papp I, Kovács P, Lubec G, Dobolyi Á, Kardos J, Drahos L, Juhász G, Kékesi KA. Widespread alterations in the synaptic proteome of the adolescent cerebral cortex following prenatal immune activation in rats. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 56:289-309. [PMID: 27058163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have revealed associations between pre- and perinatal immune activation and the development of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Accordingly, neuroimmune crosstalk has a considerably large impact on brain development during early ontogenesis. While a plethora of heterogeneous abnormalities have already been described in established maternal immune activation (MIA) rodent and primate animal models, which highly correlate to those found in human diseases, the underlying molecular background remains obscure. In the current study, we describe the long-term effects of MIA on the neocortical pre- and postsynaptic proteome of adolescent rat offspring in detail. Molecular differences were revealed in sub-synaptic fractions, which were first thoroughly characterized using independent methods. The widespread proteomic examination of cortical samples from offspring exposed to maternal lipopolysaccharide administration at embryonic day 13.5 was conducted via combinations of different gel-based proteomic techniques and tandem mass spectrometry. Our experimentally validated proteomic data revealed more pre- than postsynaptic protein level changes in the offspring. The results propose the relevance of altered synaptic vesicle recycling, cytoskeletal structure and energy metabolism in the presynaptic region in addition to alterations in vesicle trafficking, the cytoskeleton and signal transduction in the postsynaptic compartment in MIA offspring. Differing levels of the prominent signaling regulator molecule calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in the postsynapse was validated and identified specifically in the prefrontal cortex. Finally, several potential common molecular regulators of these altered proteins, which are already known to be implicated in schizophrenia and ASD, were identified and assessed. In summary, unexpectedly widespread changes in the synaptic molecular machinery in MIA rats were demonstrated which might underlie the pathological cortical functions that are characteristic of schizophrenia and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs A Györffy
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; MTA-ELTE NAP B Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Péter Gulyássy
- MTA-TTK NAP B MS Neuroproteomics Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Barbara Gellén
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; MTA-ELTE NAP B Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin Völgyi
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; MTA-ELTE NAP B Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Dóra Madarasi
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Viktor Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Olivér Ozohanics
- MTA-TTK NAP B MS Neuroproteomics Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | | | | | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Árpád Dobolyi
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - József Kardos
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- MTA-TTK NAP B MS Neuroproteomics Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; MTA-TTK NAP B MS Neuroproteomics Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin A Kékesi
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.
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27
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Atypical visual and somatosensory adaptation in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e804. [PMID: 27163205 PMCID: PMC5070065 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurophysiological investigations in patients with schizophrenia consistently show early sensory processing deficits in the visual system. Importantly, comparable sensory deficits have also been established in healthy first-degree biological relatives of patients with schizophrenia and in first-episode drug-naive patients. The clear implication is that these measures are endophenotypic, related to the underlying genetic liability for schizophrenia. However, there is significant overlap between patient response distributions and those of healthy individuals without affected first-degree relatives. Here we sought to develop more sensitive measures of sensory dysfunction in this population, with an eye to establishing endophenotypic markers with better predictive capabilities. We used a sensory adaptation paradigm in which electrophysiological responses to basic visual and somatosensory stimuli presented at different rates (ranging from 250 to 2550 ms interstimulus intervals, in blocked presentations) were compared. Our main hypothesis was that adaptation would be substantially diminished in schizophrenia, and that this would be especially prevalent in the visual system. High-density event-related potential recordings showed amplitude reductions in sensory adaptation in patients with schizophrenia (N=15 Experiment 1, N=12 Experiment 2) compared with age-matched healthy controls (N=15 Experiment 1, N=12 Experiment 2), and this was seen for both sensory modalities. At the individual participant level, reduced adaptation was more robust for visual compared with somatosensory stimulation. These results point to significant impairments in short-term sensory plasticity across sensory modalities in schizophrenia. These simple-to-execute measures may prove valuable as candidate endophenotypes and will bear follow-up in future work.
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28
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Cheng CH, Chan PYS, Niddam DM, Tsai SY, Hsu SC, Liu CY. Sensory gating, inhibition control and gamma oscillations in the human somatosensory cortex. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20437. [PMID: 26843358 PMCID: PMC4740805 DOI: 10.1038/srep20437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the responses to irrelevant stimuli is an essential component of human cognitive function. Pre-attentive auditory sensory gating (SG), an attenuated neural activation to the second identical stimulus, has been found to be related to the performance of higher-hierarchical brain function. However, it remains unclear whether other cortical regions, such as somatosensory cortex, also possess similar characteristics, or if such a relationship is modality-specific. This study used magnetoencephalography to record neuromagnetic responses to paired-pulse electrical stimulation to median nerve in 22 healthy participants. Somatosensory SG ratio and cortical brain oscillations were obtained and compared with the behavioral performance of inhibition control, as evaluated by somatosensory and auditory Go-Nogo tasks. The results showed that somatosensory P35m SG ratio correlated with behavioral performance of inhibition control. Such relationship was also established in relation to the auditory Go-Nogo task. Finally, a higher frequency value of evoked gamma oscillations was found to relate to a better somatosensory SG ability. In conclusion, our data provided an empirical link between automatic cortical inhibition and behavioral performance of attentive inhibition control. This study invites further research on the relationships among gamma oscillations, neurophysiological indices, and behavioral performance in clinical populations in terms of SG or cortical inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying S Chan
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - David M Niddam
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Mind, Brain and Learning Center, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yih Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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29
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Age-Related Reduced Somatosensory Gating Is Associated with Altered Alpha Frequency Desynchronization. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:302878. [PMID: 26417458 PMCID: PMC4568376 DOI: 10.1155/2015/302878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory gating (SG), referring to an attenuated neural response to the second identical stimulus, is considered as preattentive processing in the central nervous system to filter redundant sensory inputs. Insufficient somatosensory SG has been found in the aged adults, particularly in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII). However, it remains unclear which variables leading to the age-related somatosensory SG decline. There has been evidence showing a relationship between brain oscillations and cortical evoked excitability. Thus, this study used whole-head magnetoencephalography to record responses to paired-pulse electrical stimulation to the left median nerve in healthy young and elderly participants to test whether insufficient stimulus 1- (S1-) induced event-related desynchronization (ERD) contributes to a less-suppressed stimulus 2- (S2-) evoked response. Our analysis revealed that the minimum norm estimates showed age-related reduction of SG in the bilateral SII regions. Spectral power analysis showed that the elderly demonstrated significantly reduced alpha ERD in the contralateral SII (SIIc). Moreover, it was striking to note that lower S1-induced alpha ERD was associated with higher S2-evoked amplitudes in the SIIc among the aged adults. Conclusively, our findings suggest that age-related decline of somatosensory SG is partially attributed to the altered S1-induced oscillatory activity.
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30
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Hsu WY, Kuo YF, Liao KK, Yu HY, Lin YY. Widespread inter-ictal excitability changes in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: A TMS/MEG study. Epilepsy Res 2015; 111:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Andrade GN, Butler JS, Mercier MR, Molholm S, Foxe JJ. Spatio-temporal dynamics of adaptation in the human visual system: a high-density electrical mapping study. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 41:925-39. [PMID: 25688539 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When sensory inputs are presented serially, response amplitudes to stimulus repetitions generally decrease as a function of presentation rate, diminishing rapidly as inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) fall below 1 s. This 'adaptation' is believed to represent mechanisms by which sensory systems reduce responsivity to consistent environmental inputs, freeing resources to respond to potentially more relevant inputs. While auditory adaptation functions have been relatively well characterized, considerably less is known about visual adaptation in humans. Here, high-density visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded while two paradigms were used to interrogate visual adaptation. The first presented stimulus pairs with varying ISIs, comparing VEP amplitude to the second stimulus with that of the first (paired-presentation). The second involved blocks of stimulation (N = 100) at various ISIs and comparison of VEP amplitude between blocks of differing ISIs (block-presentation). Robust VEP modulations were evident as a function of presentation rate in the block-paradigm, with strongest modulations in the 130-150 ms and 160-180 ms visual processing phases. In paired-presentations, with ISIs of just 200-300 ms, an enhancement of VEP was evident when comparing S2 with S1, with no significant effect of presentation rate. Importantly, in block-presentations, adaptation effects were statistically robust at the individual participant level. These data suggest that a more taxing block-presentation paradigm is better suited to engage visual adaptation mechanisms than a paired-presentation design. The increased sensitivity of the visual processing metric obtained in the block-paradigm has implications for the examination of visual processing deficits in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizely N Andrade
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, The Sheryl and Daniel R. Tishman Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Children's Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center (CERC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Van Etten Building - Wing 1C, 1225 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Departments of Psychology & Biology, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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32
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Prado-Gutierrez P, Castro-Fariñas A, Morgado-Rodriguez L, Velarde-Reyes E, Martínez AD, Martínez-Montes E. Habituation of Auditory Steady State Responses Evoked by Amplitude-Modulated Acoustic Signals in Rats. Audiol Res 2015; 5:113. [PMID: 26557360 PMCID: PMC4627118 DOI: 10.4081/audiores.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of the auditory steady state responses (ASSR) is commonly explained by the linear combination of random background noise activity and the stationary response. Based on this model, the decrease of amplitude that occurs over the sequential averaging of epochs of the raw data has been exclusively linked to the cancelation of noise. Nevertheless, this behavior might also reflect the non-stationary response of the ASSR generators. We tested this hypothesis by characterizing the ASSR time course in rats with different auditory maturational stages. ASSR were evoked by 8-kHz tones of different supra-threshold intensities, modulated in amplitude at 115 Hz. Results show that the ASSR amplitude habituated to the sustained stimulation and that dishabituation occurred when deviant stimuli were presented. ASSR habituation increased as animals became adults, suggesting that the ability to filter acoustic stimuli with no-relevant temporal information increased with age. Results are discussed in terms of the current model of the ASSR generation and analysis procedures. They might have implications for audiometric tests designed to assess hearing in subjects who cannot provide reliable results in the psychophysical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Prado-Gutierrez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso , Chile ; Cuban Neuroscience Center , Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Agustín D Martínez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso , Chile
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33
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Phillips KA, Bales KL, Capitanio JP, Conley A, Czoty PW, ‘t Hart BA, Hopkins WD, Hu SL, Miller LA, Nader MA, Nathanielsz PW, Rogers J, Shively CA, Voytko ML. Why primate models matter. Am J Primatol 2014; 76:801-27. [PMID: 24723482 PMCID: PMC4145602 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research involving nonhuman primates (NHPs) has played a vital role in many of the medical and scientific advances of the past century. NHPs are used because of their similarity to humans in physiology, neuroanatomy, reproduction, development, cognition, and social complexity-yet it is these very similarities that make the use of NHPs in biomedical research a considered decision. As primate researchers, we feel an obligation and responsibility to present the facts concerning why primates are used in various areas of biomedical research. Recent decisions in the United States, including the phasing out of chimpanzees in research by the National Institutes of Health and the pending closure of the New England Primate Research Center, illustrate to us the critical importance of conveying why continued research with primates is needed. Here, we review key areas in biomedicine where primate models have been, and continue to be, essential for advancing fundamental knowledge in biomedical and biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley A. Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio TX 78212
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio TX
| | - Karen L. Bales
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis CA 95616
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis CA 95616
| | - John P. Capitanio
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis CA 95616
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis CA 95616
| | - Alan Conley
- Department of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis CA 95616
| | - Paul W. Czoty
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC 27157
| | - Bert A. ‘t Hart
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, Rijswick, The Netherlands
| | - William D. Hopkins
- Neuroscience Institute and Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta GA 30302
- Division of Cognitive and Developmental Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta GA 30030
| | - Shiu-Lok Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Lisa A. Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis CA 95616
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis CA 95616
| | - Michael A. Nader
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC 27157
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio TX 78229
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI
| | - Carol A. Shively
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC 27157
| | - Mary Lou Voytko
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC 27157
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34
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Nakagawa K, Inui K, Yuge L, Kakigi R. Inhibition of somatosensory-evoked cortical responses by a weak leading stimulus. Neuroimage 2014; 101:416-24. [PMID: 25067817 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that auditory-evoked cortical responses were suppressed by a weak leading stimulus in a manner similar to the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle reflexes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a similar phenomenon was present in the somatosensory system, and also whether this suppression reflected an inhibitory process. We recorded somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields following stimulation of the median nerve and evaluated the extent by which they were suppressed by inserting leading stimuli at an intensity of 2.5-, 1.5-, 1.1-, or 0.9-fold the sensory threshold (ST) in healthy participants (Experiment 1). The results obtained demonstrated that activity in the secondary somatosensory cortex in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated side (cSII) was significantly suppressed by a weak leading stimulus with the intensity larger than 1.1-fold ST. This result implied that the somatosensory system had an inhibitory process similar to that of PPI. We then presented two successive leading stimuli before the test stimulus, and compared the extent of suppression between the test stimulus-evoked responses and those obtained with the second prepulse alone and with two prepulses (first and second) (Experiment 2). When two prepulses were preceded, cSII responses to the second prepulse were suppressed by the first prepulse, whereas the ability of the second prepulse to suppress the test stimulus remained unchanged. These results suggested the presence of at least two individual pathways; response-generating and inhibitory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakagawa
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
| | - Koji Inui
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Louis Yuge
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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35
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Teale P, Pasko B, Collins D, Rojas D, Reite M. Somatosensory timing deficits in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013; 212:73-8. [PMID: 23484867 PMCID: PMC3604058 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is often accompanied by disturbances in motor behavior thought to result from abnormalities in the brain's timing mechanisms. Virtually all behavior has a motor component, and proper regulation of motor behavior is often dependent upon accurate registration of somatosensory input. This study uses the steady-state evoked response (SSR) to quantify the accuracy of timing of the neocortical response to rapidly presented tactile somatosensory stimuli in patients with schizophrenia compared to control subjects. We used magnetic evoked fields and source space projection to estimate the time course of equivalent current sources in somatosensory cortex. Wavelet-based time-frequency analysis was used to compute intertrial timing consistency and amplitudes. SSRs in schizophrenic subjects demonstrated decreased performance in both metrics to contralateral 25-Hz tactile stimulation. Previous studies have reported similar abnormalities in the SSR in both auditory and visual domains. The magnetic SSR to tactile stimuli is thought to reflect activation of layer 3 pyramidal cells in primary sensory cortex. Thus, these findings, as in other sensory domains, are suggestive of impaired GABAergic inhibitory interneuronal control of the timing of pyramidal cell activity. This deficit may be intrinsic to neocortex, or might reflect as well impairment of cerebellar and/or thalamic involvement. These findings reinforce the notion that abnormalities in the brain's timing mechanisms are a central component of the schizophrenia syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Teale
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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Dissanayake DW, Mason R, Marsden CA. Sensory gating, Cannabinoids and Schizophrenia. Neuropharmacology 2013; 67:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Aging-related decline in somatosensory inhibition of the human cerebral cortex. Exp Brain Res 2013; 226:145-52. [PMID: 23377148 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary somatosensory (SI) cortical inhibition to repetitive stimuli tends to decline with increasing age. However, aging effects on the inhibition mechanism of secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) remain elusive. We aimed to study the aging-related changes of cortical inhibition in the human somatosensory system. Neuromagnetic responses to paired-pulse electrical stimulation to the median nerve were recorded in 21 young and 20 elderly male adults. Paired-pulse suppression (PPS) of SI and SII activities was estimated by the ratio of the response to Stimulus 2 to the response to Stimulus 1. Based on equivalent current dipole modeling, PPS ratios of the contralateral (SIIc) and ipsilateral (SIIi) secondary somatosensory cortices were higher in elderly than in young subjects (p < 0.001 in SIIc and p = 0.034 in SIIi). At an individual basis, a higher PPS ratio in SIIc than in SI was found in 16 (80 %) out of the 20 elderly participants; in contrast, the PPS ratios of SIIc and SI cortices were similar in young participants (p = 0.031). In conclusion, a larger PPS ratio in elderly suggests an aging-related decline in somatosensory cortical inhibition. Furthermore, compared to SI, the electrophysiological responses of SII cortex are especially vulnerable to aging in terms of cortical inhibition to repetitive stimulation.
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Hsiao FJ, Cheng CH, Chen WT, Lin YY. Neural correlates of somatosensory paired-pulse suppression: a MEG study using distributed source modeling and dynamic spectral power analysis. Neuroimage 2013; 72:133-42. [PMID: 23370054 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paired-pulse stimulation has been used previously to evaluate cortical excitability and sensory gating. To help elucidate the neural network involved in paired-pulse suppression of somatosensory cortical processing, magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to paired-pulse electrical stimulation of the left median nerve of the wrists of 13 healthy males were recorded using an intra-pair interstimulus interval (ISI) of 500ms and an inter-pair ISI of 8s. Minimum norm estimates showed the presence of cortical activation in the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex, the post-central sulcus and the supplementary motor areas. Compared with the responses to the first stimulation, the responses to the second stimulation were attenuated in these areas with gating ratios (the amplitude ratios of the second response to the first response) of 0.54-0.69. By spectral power dynamic analysis, beta frequency oscillations were found to be associated with an early-latency (30-36ms) gating process in the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex and post-central sulcus, whereas theta and alpha oscillations were correlated with paired-pulse suppression of activations at 98-136ms in the ipsilateral primary somatosensory cortex, the bilateral post-central sulcus and the supplementary motor areas. In summary, it can be concluded that differential oscillatory activities are involved in the pair-pulse suppression in various somatosensory regions in response to repetitive external stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jung Hsiao
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mathiak K, Ackermann H, Rapp A, Mathiak KA, Shergill S, Riecker A, Kircher TTJ. Neuromagnetic oscillations and hemodynamic correlates of P50 suppression in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2011; 194:95-104. [PMID: 21827965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral and electrophysiological data indicate compromised stimulus suppression in schizophrenia. The physiological basis of this effect and its contributions to the etiology of the disease are poorly understood. We examined neural and metabolic measures of P50 suppression in 12 patients with schizophrenia and controls. First, whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) assessed amplitudes of left- and right-hemispheric evoked responses and induced oscillations. Secondly, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measured the hemodynamic responses to pairs of beeps with a short interval (500ms) as compared with those with a long interval (1500ms). The suppression of alpha power (8-13Hz) time-locked to the stimuli was negatively correlated with the suppression of evoked components and the hemodynamic measures. Remarkably, the suppression of alpha power was reduced in the patients already prior to stimulus onset. Conceivably, alpha oscillations play a central role in stimulus adaptation of neuronal networks and reflect an active mechanism for sensory suppression. The reduced stimulus suppression in schizophrenia seems to be in part due to impaired generation of alpha oscillations in the auditory cortex, resulting in higher metabolic demand as detected by fMRI. Delayed recovery of alpha rhythm may reflect an impaired gating function and contribute to sensory and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Mathiak
- Department of Psychiatry, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
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Bak N, Glenthoj BY, Rostrup E, Larsson HB, Oranje B. Source localization of sensory gating: a combined EEG and fMRI study in healthy volunteers. Neuroimage 2010; 54:2711-8. [PMID: 21109008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced sensory gating appears to be among the core features in schizophrenia. The sources of sensory gating however are largely unknown. The aim of the current study was to identify these sources, with concurrent EEG and fMRI methodology. Twenty healthy male volunteers were tested with identical P50 suppression paradigms in two separate sessions: an EEG setting, and an EEG concurrent with fMRI setting. The stimuli in the P50 paradigm consisted of weak electrical stimulation of the left median nerve. The stimuli were presented in pairs with either 500 ms or 1000 ms interstimulus intervals (ISI). No difference was found between the EEG setting and the concurrent EEG and fMRI setting. P50 suppression was, in both settings, found only in the 500 ms trials, not in the 1000 ms trials. EEG-dipole modeling resulted in 4 sources located in the medial frontal gyrus, the insula, the hippocampus, and primary somatosensory cortex. These sources corresponded to significant fMRI clusters located in the medial frontal gyrus, the insula, the claustrum, and the hippocampus. Activity in the hippocampus and the claustrum was higher in the trials with suppression, suggesting that these brain areas are involved in the inhibitory processes of P50 suppression. The opposite was found for activity in the medial frontal gyrus and the insula, suggesting that these brain areas are involved in the generation of the P50 amplitude. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that P50 suppression can be reliably assessed inside an MRI scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Bak
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
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Hinkley LBN, Owen JP, Fisher M, Findlay AM, Vinogradov S, Nagarajan SS. Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia as Assessed Through Activation and Connectivity Measures of Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Data. Front Hum Neurosci 2010; 3:73. [PMID: 21160543 PMCID: PMC2991173 DOI: 10.3389/neuro.09.073.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cognitive dysfunction present in patients with schizophrenia is thought to be driven in part by disorganized connections between higher-order cortical fields. Although studies utilizing electroencephalography (EEG), PET and fMRI have contributed significantly to our understanding of these mechanisms, magnetoencephalography (MEG) possesses great potential to answer long-standing questions linking brain interactions to cognitive operations in the disorder. Many experimental paradigms employed in EEG and fMRI are readily extendible to MEG and have expanded our understanding of the neurophysiological architecture present in schizophrenia. Source reconstruction techniques, such as adaptive spatial filtering, take advantage of the spatial localization abilities of MEG, allowing us to evaluate which specific structures contribute to atypical cognition in schizophrenia. Finally, both bivariate and multivariate functional connectivity metrics of MEG data are useful for understanding how these interactions in the brain are impaired in schizophrenia, and how cognitive and clinical outcomes are affected as a result. We also present here data from our own laboratory that illustrates how some of these novel functional connectivity measures, specifically imaginary coherence (IC), are quite powerful in relating disconnectivity in the brain to characteristic behavioral findings in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton B N Hinkley
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
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Huang MX, Lee RR, Gaa KM, Song T, Harrington DL, Loh C, Theilmann RJ, Edgar JC, Miller GA, Canive JM, Granholm E. Somatosensory system deficits in schizophrenia revealed by MEG during a median-nerve oddball task. Brain Topogr 2010; 23:82-104. [PMID: 19943100 PMCID: PMC2816821 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-009-0122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although impairments related to somatosensory perception are common in schizophrenia, they have rarely been examined in functional imaging studies. In the present study, magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to identify neural networks that support attention to somatosensory stimuli in healthy adults and abnormalities in these networks in patient with schizophrenia. A median-nerve oddball task was used to probe attention to somatosensory stimuli, and an advanced, high-resolution MEG source-imaging method was applied to assess activity throughout the brain. In nineteen healthy subjects, attention-related activation was seen in a sensorimotor network involving primary somatosensory (S1), secondary somatosensory (S2), primary motor (M1), pre-motor (PMA), and paracentral lobule (PCL) areas. A frontal-parietal-temporal "attention network", containing dorsal- and ventral-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC and VLPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), superior parietal lobule (SPL), inferior parietal lobule (IPL)/supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and temporal lobe areas, was also activated. Seventeen individuals with schizophrenia showed early attention-related hyperactivations in S1 and M1 but hypo-activation in S1, S2, M1, and PMA at later latency in the sensorimotor network. Within this attention network, hypoactivation was found in SPL, DLPFC, orbitofrontal cortex, and the dorsal aspect of ACC. Hyperactivation was seen in SMG/IPL, frontal pole, and the ventral aspect of ACC in patients. These findings link attention-related somatosensory deficits to dysfunction in both sensorimotor and frontal-parietal-temporal networks in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xiong Huang
- Research, Radiology, and Psychiatry Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA.
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Sui J, Adali T, Pearlson G, Yang H, Sponheim SR, White T, Calhoun VD. A CCA+ICA based model for multi-task brain imaging data fusion and its application to schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2010; 51:123-34. [PMID: 20114081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Collection of multiple-task brain imaging data from the same subject has now become common practice in medical imaging studies. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective model, "CCA+ICA", as a powerful tool for multi-task data fusion. This joint blind source separation (BSS) model takes advantage of two multivariate methods: canonical correlation analysis and independent component analysis, to achieve both high estimation accuracy and to provide the correct connection between two datasets in which sources can have either common or distinct between-dataset correlation. In both simulated and real fMRI applications, we compare the proposed scheme with other joint BSS models and examine the different modeling assumptions. The contrast images of two tasks: sensorimotor (SM) and Sternberg working memory (SB), derived from a general linear model (GLM), were chosen to contribute real multi-task fMRI data, both of which were collected from 50 schizophrenia patients and 50 healthy controls. When examining the relationship with duration of illness, CCA+ICA revealed a significant negative correlation with temporal lobe activation. Furthermore, CCA+ICA located sensorimotor cortex as the group-discriminative regions for both tasks and identified the superior temporal gyrus in SM and prefrontal cortex in SB as task-specific group-discriminative brain networks. In summary, we compared the new approach to some competitive methods with different assumptions, and found consistent results regarding each of their hypotheses on connecting the two tasks. Such an approach fills a gap in existing multivariate methods for identifying biomarkers from brain imaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sui
- The Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale Blvd, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
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Weiland BJ, Boutros NN, Moran JM, Tepley N, Bowyer SM. Evidence for a frontal cortex role in both auditory and somatosensory habituation: a MEG study. Neuroimage 2008; 42:827-35. [PMID: 18602839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory and somatosensory responses to paired stimuli were investigated for commonality of frontal activation that may be associated with gating using magnetoencephalography (MEG). A paired stimulus paradigm for each sensory evoked study tested right and left hemispheres independently in ten normal controls. MR-FOCUSS, a current density technique, imaged simultaneously active cortical sources. Each subject showed source localization, in the primary auditory or somatosensory cortex, for the respective stimuli following both the first (S1) and second (S2) impulses. Gating ratios for the auditory M50 response, equivalent to the P50 in EEG, were 0.54+/-0.24 and 0.63+/-0.52 for the right and left hemispheres. Somatosensory gating ratios were evaluated for early and late latencies as the pulse duration elicits extended response. Early gating ratios for right and left hemispheres were 0.69+/-0.21 and 0.69+/-0.41 while late ratios were 0.81+/-0.41 and 0.80+/-0.48. Regions of activation in the frontal cortex, beyond the primary auditory or somatosensory cortex, were mapped within 25 ms of peak S1 latencies in 9/10 subjects during auditory stimulus and in 10/10 subjects for somatosensory stimulus. Similar frontal activations were mapped within 25 ms of peak S2 latencies for 75% of auditory responses and for 100% of somatosensory responses. Comparison between modalities showed similar frontal region activations for 17/20 S1 responses and for 13/20 S2 responses. MEG offers a technique for evaluating cross modality gating. The results suggest similar frontal sources are simultaneously active during auditory and somatosensory habituation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Weiland
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Neuromagnetism Laboratory, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP 75, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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