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Petrine JPC, Jacques LS, da Cruz Santos TM, Pereira FAC, Castelo PM, -Borges BDB. The impact of mental health and psychological stressors on menstrual cycle modulation: exploring the influence of age and hormonal contraceptives. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024:10.1007/s00737-024-01499-1. [PMID: 39120635 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Stress, infections, and psychological and social well-being can affect the reproductive system. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis can disrupt ovarian cyclicity. Estrogens can modulate stress responsiveness and mood. Thus, understanding this interaction and how it modulates the menstrual cycle is crucial for women's reproductive health. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of a stressor, a period of the Covid-19 pandemic when there were no vaccines available yet, on the psychological state of women aged 18 to 45 years; as well as the influence of mental health on the menstrual cycle, considering the influence of age and hormonal contraceptives. METHOD Online questionnaire using the Google Forms platform was used. RESULTS There is a high prevalence of the onset of new psychosocial symptoms. Moreover, most women reported some type of change in their menstrual cycles. The women who were using hormonal contraceptives demonstrated a higher frequency of spotting and menstrual color alterations, while women without hormonal contraceptives demonstrated a higher frequency of cycle duration and menstrual odor alterations. Women without hormonal contraceptives were more susceptible to the development of psychosocial symptoms. Younger adult women were more affected by menstrual changes and psychosocial symptoms. Close to 90% of women who reported several psychosocial symptoms had changes in their menstrual cycles. CONCLUSION These data suggest the impact of stressors, such as a period of the pandemic, on mental health and menstrual cycles, and younger adult women can be more susceptible. This reflects the relationship between mental and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Pereira Castro Petrine
- Department of Food Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Campus Universitário, Lavras, CP: 3037, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Sampaio Jacques
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA; Campus Universitário, Lavras, CP: 3037, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Tayná Márcia da Cruz Santos
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA; Campus Universitário, Lavras, CP: 3037, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Aparecida Castro Pereira
- Department of Biology, Institute of Natural Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA; Campus Universitário, Lavras, CP: 3037, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, Brazil
| | - Bruno Del Bianco -Borges
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA; Campus Universitário, Lavras, CP: 3037, 37200-000, Brazil.
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Ala S, Ramos-Campos F, Relva IC. Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress and Mental Health in a Sample of University Students: The Mediating Role of Resilience and Psychological Well-Being. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:2262-2281. [PMID: 39194945 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most stressful events in recent times across the world. The long-term effect of these experiences raises several concerns, including the development of post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. The aim of this study was to explore the association of emotional exhaustion and anxiety in post-traumatic stress symptomatology, and the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-being in university students. A total of 526 university students of both sexes participated in this study, and they were aged between 17 and 62 years old. Symptoms of anxiety and emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in females, in contrast, males showed on average more resilience and psychological well-being. Additionally, participants with COVID-19 infection had higher levels of emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and PTSD. The results indicated that the variables were correlated with each other (p < 0.001). A conceptual model was confirmed that describes anxiety and emotional exhaustion as predictors, post-traumatic stress symptomatology as an outcome variable, and resilience and psychological well-being as mediators. Resilience and psychological well-being can be important protective factors for adaptive responses in stressful situations. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis for designing targeted interventions to improve psychological health, whether for crisis intervention, the process of adapting to higher education, or for recovery plans from psychological trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Ala
- Department of Social Sciences, Life and Public Health Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, School of Health, 5300-121 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Group on Neuroscience and Psychiatric Illnesses in Instituto de Investigation Sanitaria Galicia Sur, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Ramos-Campos
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inês Carvalho Relva
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Brandt L, Anthonipillai NJ, López-Castro T, Melara R, Espinosa A. Substance use trajectories among urban college students: associations with symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression before and during COVID-19. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1717-1726. [PMID: 35728099 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2089844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study explored substance use trajectories and associations with mental health among an ethnically/racially diverse college student sample before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We combined repeated cross-sections and panel data from a total of 3,247 college students assessed with an online survey in 2018, 2019, and in three waves in 2020. We estimated trends in substance use and their relation to mental health over the survey waves using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Our results revealed notable associations between 30-day substance use patterns, time of assessment, and psychological well-being. These findings suggest a complex interplay between access to substances, context of substance use, and mental health. We discuss several initiatives that have been launched in response to the results of this ongoing study. Such initiatives may serve as examples for expanding similar efforts to other commuter colleges to prevent further increases in mental health problems and risky substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brandt
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute & Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Teresa López-Castro
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Melara
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adriana Espinosa
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
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Choi JY, Kim K. Psychosocial Factors and Quality of Life in Older Adults Discharged After Isolation Due to COVID-19 Infection. J Gerontol Nurs 2024; 50:29-36. [PMID: 39088050 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20240703-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the impact of psychosocial factors on quality of life (QoL) of older adults hospitalized and isolated after contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHOD Data were collected between April 30 and June 18, 2022, from 117 discharged older adults who were in isolation for COVID-19 treatment in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. RESULTS Of participants, 33.3% were at high risk for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and 21.4% of participants were identified as having severe depressive symptoms. Participants' QoL negatively correlated with PTSS, depressive symptoms, and fear of social stigma. Depressive symptoms were the primary psychosocial factor identified as significantly affecting QoL (β = -0.682, p < 0.001), and the explanatory power of the regression model was 41.2%. CONCLUSION To enhance QoL of older adults who have experienced hospitalization and isolation due to COVID-19, identifying pertinent psychosocial factors, especially depressive symptoms, is necessary. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(8), 29-36.].
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Sahebi A, Kheiry M, Abdi K, Qomi M, Golitaleb M. Postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review and meta-analyses. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1393737. [PMID: 39050914 PMCID: PMC11266160 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1393737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased anxiety, stress, and depression, which could have harmful consequences for pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of postpartum depression during COVID-19 using an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Methods The current study followed the PRISMA guideline and utilized data from various sources such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The searches were conducted without a time limit until the end of May 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model, heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test. Data analysis was carried out using STATA software (version 15). Results In this study, 243 articles were initially identified. Only meta-analysis studies that reported PPD during COVID-19 were included. After quality assessment, nine papers were selected for the meta-analysis stage. The study found that the prevalence postpartum depression (PPD) was 25.27% (95% CI = 23.66-27.86, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.549). Conclusion The findings of this study revealed that the incidence of PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic was relatively high. To decrease mental health issues among pregnant and postpartum women, healthcare professionals should implement community programs aimed at preventing, promptly identifying, and providing appropriate intervention for pregnant women. This is crucial as pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress during infectious disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahebi
- Department of Medical Emergencies and Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Maryam Kheiry
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Kame Abdi
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mahla Qomi
- Department of Nursing, Shazand School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Xu Y, Ni Y, Yang J, Wu J, Lin Y, Li J, Zeng W, Zeng Y, Huang D, Wu X, Shao J, Li Q, Zhu Z. The relationship between the psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a model of conditioned processes mediated by negative emotions and moderated by deliberate rumination. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:357. [PMID: 38890704 PMCID: PMC11186135 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic has attracted the attention of researchers. For the present study researchers constructed a mediation model to explore the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth, the mediating role of negative emotions and the moderating role of deliberate rumination in students. METHODS The Psychological Resilience Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Event Related Rumination Inventory were used in a survey of 881 college students. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS plugin (version 3.3). RESULTS (1) Psychological resilience is positively related with post-traumatic growth. Deliberate rumination is positively related to psychological resilience, posttraumatic growth, and negative emotions. Psychological resilience, post-traumatic growth and negative emotions are negatively related. (2) Negative emotions mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth. (3) Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in psychological resilience affecting negative emotions. Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in the extent to which psychological resilience influences PTG through negative emotions. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience affects post-traumatic growth directly and also indirectly through negative emotions. With the increase of mental resilience, the level of negative emotion tended to decrease. When individuals are experiencing negative emotions, high levels of active rumination are more likely to promote post-traumatic growth. This study helps to explore the factors affecting the mental health of college students during the epidemic, thus providing guidance for appropriate mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yonghui Ni
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yating Lin
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jialu Li
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongtao Huang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xingrou Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jinlian Shao
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Office of International Cooperation and Exchange, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
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Chen JJ, Yu B, Yan L, Sun XX, Dai Q. A study on post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth among patients infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1343264. [PMID: 38817834 PMCID: PMC11139024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1343264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study is to assess the physical and psychological conditions of hospitalized patients who were infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) scores and predictors. Methods The test group consisted of 102 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Wuhan between March 4, 2020 and April 5, 2020, whereas the control group comprised 168 healthy study participants. Relevant information of the study participants was obtained using online questionnaires, covering five aspects-general information, physical state, emotional state, PTSD, and PTG. Results In Wuhan, 37.3% of COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients exhibited hyper-arousal symptoms of PTSD. This percentage is significantly higher than the 13.1% observed in the healthy population. Furthermore, the prevalence of PTG among the same group of hospitalized patients stood at 77.5%, surpassing the 66.1% rate found within the healthy population. It was determined that inconsistent sleep patterns during the hospitalization phase could be indicative of heightened vulnerability to hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD in COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients. The study determined that inconsistent sleep patterns during hospitalization may be a predisposition factor that makes hospitalized patients diagnosed with covid-19 more susceptible to high arousal symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conversely, COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients who maintained a tranquil demeanor and exhibited positive emotional perceptions during their hospitalization displayed reduced susceptibility to these PTSD symptoms. Factors such as possession of a bachelor's degree, history of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection, and poor sleep patterns were identified as predictors elevating the risk of PTG. Whereas, a sentiment of happiness and consistent positive emotional perception during hospitalization were predictors of PTG. Intriguingly, a direct correlation was established between hyper-arousal symptoms of PTSD and PTG. Conclusion Although the outbreak of COVID-19 has badly affected the physical and psychological well-being of patients, it has greatly enhanced their PTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Chen
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Research Center for Nursing Humanity, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Anesthesiology Department, The 965 Hospital of the Joint Logistic, Jilin, China
| | - Ling Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-xiao Sun
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Dai
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Shang Z, Liu N, Ouyang H, Cai X, Yan W, Wang J, Zhan J, Jia Y, Xing C, Huang L, Wu L, Liu W. Sex-based differences in brain morphometry under chronic stress: A pilot MRI study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30354. [PMID: 38726160 PMCID: PMC11079087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sex-based differences are known to be a significant feature of chronic stress; however, the morphological mechanisms of the brain underlying these differences remain unclear. The present study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the effects of sex on gray matter volume (GMV) changes under conditions of chronic stress. Methods A total of 32 subjects were included for analysis in the present study: 16 participants experiencing chronic stress and 16 healthy controls. T1-weighted (T1WI) images from a 3 T MRI scanner were extracted from the OpenfMRI database. Images were segmented into gray matter using VBM analysis. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 2 × 2 full factorial design was used to evaluate the main and interaction effects of chronic stress and sex on GMV changes, and then post hoc testing was used to verify each simple effect. Results Two-way ANOVA showed a chronic stress × sex interaction effect on GMV. Simple effects analysis indicated that the GMV of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right cuneus and superior occipital gyrus was decreased in males, whereas that of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right superior occipital gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus and orbital middle frontal gyrus was increased in females, under chronic stress. Additionally, in the control group, the GMV of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right cuneus and superior occipital gyrus was greater in males than females. While in the chronic stress group, the above sex-based differences were no longer significant. Conclusions This study preliminarily shows that there are significant differences in gray matter volume changes between males and females under chronic stress. These findings provide a basis for future studies investigating the volumetric mechanisms of sex differences under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Nianqi Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaojie Cai
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingye Zhan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanpu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chenqi Xing
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Wang J, Ouyang H, Jiao R, Cheng S, Zhang H, Shang Z, Jia Y, Yan W, Wu L, Liu W. The application of machine learning techniques in posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:121. [PMID: 38724610 PMCID: PMC11082170 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) recently becomes one of the most important mental health concerns. However, no previous study has comprehensively reviewed the application of big data and machine learning (ML) techniques in PTSD. We found 873 studies meet the inclusion criteria and a total of 31 of those in a sample of 210,001 were included in quantitative analysis. ML algorithms were able to discriminate PTSD with an overall accuracy of 0.89. Pooled estimates of classification accuracy from multi-dimensional data (0.96) are higher than single data types (0.86 to 0.90). ML techniques can effectively classify PTSD and models using multi-dimensional data perform better than those using single data types. While selecting optimal combinations of data types and ML algorithms to be clinically applied at the individual level still remains a big challenge, these findings provide insights into the classification, identification, diagnosis and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Runda Jiao
- Graduate School, PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Suhui Cheng
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanpu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
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Troyer EA, Kohn JN, Castillo MFR, Lobo JD, Sanchez YR, Ang G, Cirilo A, Leal JA, Pruitt C, Walker AL, Wilson KL, Pung MA, Redwine LS, Hong S. Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:552-566. [PMID: 38088312 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231213305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic-related traumatic stress (PRTS) symptoms are reported in various populations, but risk factors in older adults with chronic medical conditions, remain understudied. We therefore examined correlates and pre-pandemic predictors of PRTS in older adults with hypertension during COVID-19. Participants in California, aged 61-92 years (n = 95), participated in a pre-pandemic healthy aging trial and later completed a COVID-19 assessment (May to September 2020). Those experiencing ⩾1 PRTS symptom (n = 40), and those without PRTS symptoms (n = 55), were compared. The PRTS+ group had poorer mental and general health and greater impairment in instrumental activities of daily living. Pre-pandemic biomarkers of vascular inflammation did not predict increased odds of PRTS; however, greater pre-pandemic anxiety and female gender did predict PRTS during COVID-19. Our findings highlight PRTS as a threat to healthy aging in older adults with hypertension; targeted approaches are needed to mitigate this burden, particularly for females and those with pre-existing anxiety.
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Li X, Wu R, Wu MY, Zhu G. Changes and predictors of mental health of Chinese university students after the COVID-19 pandemic: A two-year study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:1-9. [PMID: 38355054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological repurcussions of COVID-19 pandemic has received wide attention, but there's limited attention paid to psychological recovery afterwards. This study focuses on the changes and predictive factors of mental health of Chinese university students post-pandemic. METHODS This study included 1175 Chinese undergraduate students sampled in May 2022 and May-June 2023, right before and after peaks of infections following the end of lockdown policy in China. The participants completed a survey of demographic variables, and three questionnaires: 12-item General Health Questionnaire, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Prosocial Tendencies Measure. RESULTS The participants sampled in 2023 have significant lower GHQ scores and higher PPQ scores than those sampled in 2022, while there is no significant difference in PTM scores between them. The proportion of participants with GHQ-12 scores exceeding 12 in 2023 showed slightly decrease compared to that in 2022. The infection of significant others, the sense of hope, and PPQ self-efficiency, hope and optimism subscale scores were significantly associated with GHQ-12 scores in 2023, but actual infection or quarantine experience were not. CONCLUSIONS The mental health and psychological capital of the university students have been significantly improved within a year. It is worthy to pay attention to the infection of significant others, the sense of hope, and psychological capital in a pandemic to improve the mental health of university students. LIMITATIONS Compared to a cross-sectional study, longitudinal research is the better choice for a two-year comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- School of medical instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meng-Yang Wu
- Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Zhu
- School of medical instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Firouzkouhi M, Abdollahimohammad A, Alimohammadi N, Naderifar M, Akbarizadeh M. Lived Experiences of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients About Death and Dying: A Descriptive Phenomenology. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 89:333-346. [PMID: 35098799 PMCID: PMC8801334 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211073269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thinking about death is one of the most common problems of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in ICUs. Therefore, this study aims to explore the experiences of critically ill patients with COVID-19 about death and dying. This is a descriptive phenomenology approach. Participants in this study had 12 participants who were purposefully selected. The data collection method was semi-structured through interviews. Data were analyzed based on Colaizzi's approach. Data analysis generated two main themes, including personal, and non-personal; challenge thinking about death, and eight sub-themes. Thinking about the death of critically ill COVID-19 patients is a significant challenge that affects the patient's health and prolongs the treatment process. Therefore, it should be careful in the patient's treatment and care program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Firouzkouhi
- Department of Medical Surgical, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad
- Department of Medical Surgical, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Alimohammadi
- Department of Nursing Intensive Care, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahin Naderifar
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Majidreza Akbarizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Ouyang H, Wu L, Yan W, Si K, Lv H, Zhan J, Wang J, Jia Y, Shang Z, Chen W, Liu W. Network analysis of the comorbidity between post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety symptoms among frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2024; 14:20451253241243292. [PMID: 38644941 PMCID: PMC11032008 DOI: 10.1177/20451253241243292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic pointed out significant mental symptoms of frontline healthcare workers (HCWs). Objective We aimed to estimate the prevalence and comorbidity of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression and anxiety symptoms in HCWs from Fangcang shelter hospitals during the pandemic. Design Demographic information, post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) were obtained online based on stratified random sampling design during April 2022, with 284 eligible responses. Method Hierarchical regression analyses were applied to investigate independent variables associated with psychological status outcomes (PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PCL-5), and the network analyses were applied to explore the comorbidity using all items of PCL-5, PHQ-9 and GAD-7. Results (1) 10.56%, 13.03% and 8.10% of HCWs reported PTSS, depression and anxiety symptoms. Fifty-three (18.66%) HCWs experienced at least one mental health disorder, among which 26.42-37.74% HCWs had comorbidity of two or three mental disorders; (2) several influence factors of mental health were identified, including medical professions, working hours, contacted patients (p < 0.05); (3) prominent bridge symptoms between PTSS and depression were sleep problems, suicide ideation, concentration difficulties and recklessness. Comorbidity between PTSS and anxiety was thought to mainly stem from negative affect, such as afraid, anxious, annoyed and worrying. Depressed mood and worry might be good targets during treatment of comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Conclusion Our data suggest mild level of PTSS, depression and anxiety symptoms among HCWs during the pandemic and might give novel insights into assessment and intervention of comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ouyang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyi Si
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingye Zhan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanpu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- The Emotion and Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Akbari M, EsmaeilzadehSaeieh S, Farid M, Shafiee A, Bakhtiyari M, Bahrami Babaheidari T, Yazdkhasti M. Association between sleep quality with maternal and neonatal outcomes during the covid-19 pandemic. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:294. [PMID: 38641830 PMCID: PMC11027267 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Sleep disorders during pregnancy can impact maternal and neonatal outcomes. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between sleep quality and maternal and neonatal outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Educational-Therapeutic Center of Shohadaye Yaftabad Referral Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from December 2020 to September 2022. A total of 198 eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the sleep disorders group or the no sleep disorders group. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the checklist for maternal and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS At baseline, the sleep disorders and no sleep disorders groups were similar in terms of age, body mass index (before pregnancy), education level, employment status, gravida, parity, abortion, and history of COVID-19. Within the sleep disorders group, there was a statistically significant, direct linear correlation between sleep disorders and FBS 34-36 weeks (r = 0.33, P < 0.001) as well as Corona Disease Anxiety (CDA) (r = 0.35, P < 0.001). The linear regression results indicated that for every unit increase in sleep disorders, the risk of FBS 34-36 weeks increased by 1.09 times (β = 1.09, P < 0.001). Additionally, sleep disorders increased the risk of CDA by 1.36 times (β = 1.36, P < 0.001). The results showed no statistically significant differences in terms of birth weight, type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section), gestational age (preterm or full term), length of labor stages (first and second stage), Apgar score at minutes 1 and 5, and NICU admission between the two groups. CONCLUSION Based on the results, a certain degree of correlation exists between sleep quality and FBS at 34-36 weeks and CDA. These findings underscore the need for future public health guidelines to formulate detailed strategies to improve sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sara EsmaeilzadehSaeieh
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Hasan Abad Blvd ooge St, P.O. Box: 3149779453, Karaj, Iran
| | - Malihe Farid
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arman Shafiee
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Touran Bahrami Babaheidari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Yazdkhasti
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Hasan Abad Blvd ooge St, P.O. Box: 3149779453, Karaj, Iran.
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Seyffert M, Wu C, Özkan-Seely GF. Insights into the Impact of Organizational Factors and Burnout on the Employees of a For-Profit Psychiatric Hospital during the Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:484. [PMID: 38673395 PMCID: PMC11050685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide insights into the interplay among the organizational, job, and attitudinal factors and employees' intentions to resign during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at a mental health hospital. We point out shortcomings in the relationship dynamics between executive administration and operational staff and propose a pathway to develop more effective leadership frameworks to increase job satisfaction. We integrate qualitative data from case information and open-ended questions posed to employees at a mental health hospital and quantitative data from a small-scale survey (n = 19). We highlight that the ability to achieve objectives, work autonomy, burnout, affective commitment, distributive and procedural justice, and job satisfaction are critical in determining individuals' intentions to resign. Individuals identified disconnectedness and moral distress as critical aspects, while highlighting empathy, compassion, satisfaction, and confidence as pivotal elements. Mental healthcare settings could benefit from enhancing the staff's ability to achieve objectives, work autonomy, affective commitment, and both distributive and procedural justice. Addressing burnout and implementing measures to increase job satisfaction are equally vital. Efficiently restructuring dynamics between various leadership levels and staff can significantly improve employee retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seyffert
- School of Business, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Chunyi Wu
- Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
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16
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Deng J, Lee M, Qin C, Lee Y, You M, Liu J. Protective behaviors against COVID-19 and their association with psychological factors in China and South Korea during the Omicron wave: a comparative study. Public Health 2024; 229:116-125. [PMID: 38428248 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the level of protective behaviors against COVID-19 and its association with psychological factors in China and South Korea during the Omicron wave. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey from March 15 to 30, 2023 in China and South Korea. Demographic characteristics, health status, protective behaviors, and psychological factors (including perceived risks, efficacy belief, attribution of disease, fear of COVID-19, trust and evaluation, fatalism, resilience, and pandemic fatigue) were investigated. After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors, multivariable regression models were constructed to explore the psychological influencing factors of protective behavior. RESULTS A total of 3000 participants from China and 1000 participants from Korea were included in the final analysis. The mean performance score for protective behaviors among all respondents was 2.885 in China and 3.139 in Korea, with scores ranging from 1 to 4. In China, performance scores were higher in those who were female, aged 30-39, employed, married, living in urban areas, having the highest income level, having the best subjective health status, and having a history of chronic disease (P-value <0.05). In Korea, performance scores were higher for individuals who were female, over 50 years old, educated to high school or below, unemployed, married, had a history of chronic disease, and had never been infected with SARS-CoV-2 (P-value <0.05). In the multivariable regression model, perceived severity (β = 0.067), attribution of disease (β = 0.121), fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.128), trust and evaluation (β = 0.097), psychological resilience (β = 0.068), and efficacy belief (β = 0.216) were positively associated with the performance scores, pandemic fatigue (β = -0.089) was negatively associated with performance scores in China (P-value <0.05). However, in Korea, perceived susceptibility (β = 0.075), fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.107), and efficacy belief (β = 0.357) were positively associated with protective behaviors (P-value <0.05), trust and evaluation (β = -0.078) and pandemic fatigue (β = -0.063) were negatively associated with performance scores (P-value <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Populations in both China and Korea demonstrated great compliance with protective behaviors during the Omicron wave. Because of the sociocultural, economic, and political differences, there were differences in the association between psychological factors and protective behaviors in the two countries. This study, from the perspective of psychological factors in different cultural contexts, would provide references for increasing adherence to protective guidelines in future outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Deng
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - M Lee
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Qin
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M You
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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17
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Bhimavarapu U. Stacked artificial neural network to predict the mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01799-8. [PMID: 38558146 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The individual's mental health crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic lead to mental disorders. The transmission of the COVID-19 virus is associated with the levels of anxiety, stress, and depression in individuals, similar to other factors. Increases in mental illness cases and the prevalence of depression have peaked after the pandemic struck. The limited social intervention, reduced communication, peer support, and increased social isolation during the pandemic resulted in higher levels of depression, stress, and anxiety which leads to mental illness. Physiological distress is associated with the mental disorders, and its negative impact can be improved mainly by early detection and treatment. Early identification of mental illness is crucial for timely intervention to decelerate disorder severity and lessen individual health burdens. Laboratory tests for diagnosing mental illness depend on the self-reports of one's mental status, but it is labor intensive and time consuming. Traditional methods like linear or nonlinear regression cannot include many explanatory variables as they are prone to overfitting. The main challenge of the state-of-the-art models is the poor performance in detecting mental illnesses at early stages. Deep learning models can handle numerous variables. The current study focuses on demographic background, Kessler Psychological Distress, Happiness, and Health determinants of mental health during the pandemic to predict the mental health. This study's prediction can help rapid diagnosis and treatment and promote overall public mental health. Despite potential response bias, these proportions are exceptionally elevated, and it's plausible that certain individuals face an even higher level of risk. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, an investigation into mental health patients revealed a disproportionate representation of children and individuals with neurotic disorders among those articulating substantial or severe apprehensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usharani Bhimavarapu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Curtis AF, Jagannathan S, Musich M, Miller MB, McCrae CS. Mid-to-Late-Life Anxiety and Sleep during Initial Phase of COVID-19: Age- and Sex-Specific Insights to Inform Future Pandemic Healthcare. Brain Sci 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38671998 PMCID: PMC11047835 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined associations between COVID-19-related anxiety and sleep in middle-aged and older adults and tested whether these varied by age or sex. In June/July 2020, middle-aged/older adults aged 50+ (n = 277, 45% women, Mage = 64.68 ± 7.83) in the United States completed measures of sleep and COVID-19-related anxiety. Multiple regressions examined whether anxiety was independently associated with or interacted with age or sex in its associations with sleep health, controlling for age, education, medical conditions, sleep/pain medication use, and COVID-19 status. Greater COVID-19 anxiety was associated with worse sleep quality and daytime dysfunction. COVID-19-related anxiety interacted with age (not sex) in associations with total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Greater anxiety was associated with shorter total sleep time and lower sleep efficiency in oldest-older adults (~73 years old) and youngest-older adults (~65 years old) but not middle-aged adults (~57 years old). In mid to late life, older adults may be most vulnerable to the impact of COVID-19-related anxiety on sleep health. Social and behavioral (e.g., knowledge on age-related vulnerability to COVID-19 risk/morbidity/mortality, uncertainty, and changes to daily routines) and physiological factors (sleep disruption and age-related autonomic dysfunction) may underlie these associations. Interventions that mitigate negative pandemic-related psychological and sleep outcomes may be particularly relevant for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley F. Curtis
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sadhika Jagannathan
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Madison Musich
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Mary Beth Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
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Peris-Ramos HC, Míguez MC, Rodriguez-Besteiro S, David-Fernandez S, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Gender-Based Differences in Psychological, Nutritional, Physical Activity, and Oral Health Factors Associated with Stress in Teachers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:385. [PMID: 38673298 PMCID: PMC11050169 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze gender differences in stress-related factors among active teachers. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine gender disparities in psychological, nutritional, physical activity, and oral health factors and how these habits correlate with stress and burnout in their work environment. The sample comprised 1037 teachers from Spain, Colombia, and Chile, consisting of 40.1% men and 59.9% women, with an average age of 41 years and teaching experience of 11.8 ± 9.2 and 12.2 ± 8.7 years, respectively. They were evaluated using a compilation of questionnaires with the objective of analyzing gender differences in habits that are associated with stress levels in teachers. The findings revealed that men had significantly higher levels of depersonalization and personal accomplishment, whereas women exhibited higher levels of perceived stress and conscientiousness. Regarding nutritional habits, results were more positive for women, and men exhibited healthier functional habits by engaging in more weekly sports. Regarding oral health habits, women had better oral hygiene practices, brushing their teeth more frequently. However, women showed a higher tendency to smoke than their male counterparts. We conclude that there are notable gender differences that can provide insights for developing strategies to enhance the overall well-being of teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Carmen Peris-Ramos
- Clinical Odontology Department, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (H.C.P.-R.); (S.D.-F.)
| | - María Carreira Míguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.M.); (S.R.-B.)
| | - Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.M.); (S.R.-B.)
| | - Susana David-Fernandez
- Clinical Odontology Department, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (H.C.P.-R.); (S.D.-F.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.M.); (S.R.-B.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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Maryniak JR, Lubiewska K, Olko J. Gender differences in COVID-19-related behaviours: evidence from three ethnic minority groups. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 12:210-216. [PMID: 39184901 PMCID: PMC11339845 DOI: 10.5114/cipp/178416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has hit minorities more profoundly than the majority society. We evaluated the interplay between ethnic minority identity, gender, and COVID-19-related attitudes and behaviours. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE Using data from a survey carried out among both members of ethnic minorities in Poland and Mexico and the majority outgroups, we assessed the perception of the pandemic as a grave threat to the self and to the world, as well as compliance with the protective measures to stop the spread of COVID-19. We tested the effects of gender and minority versus majority status on protective compliance, and of the pandemic as a threat to the self and the world. RESULTS A two-way ANOVA test with gender and ethnicity factors revealed significant effects of gender, ethnicity, and gender × ethnicity interaction. The effect of gender was significant for compliance with protective behaviours, threat to the self, and threat to the world. Women had higher mean levels of protective behaviours, perceptions of threat to the self, and perceptions of threat to the world than men. The effect of Indigenous ethnicity was significant for protective behaviours and threat to the world. The mean level of protective behaviours and threat to the world was higher for ethnic minority groups than for non-minority groups. CONCLUSIONS Maladaptive gender differences in COVID-19-related attitudes and behaviour are less prominent among people self-identifying as ethnic minority members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna R. Maryniak
- Center for Research and Practice in Cultural Continuity, Faculty of “Artes Liberales”, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Olko
- Center for Research and Practice in Cultural Continuity, Faculty of “Artes Liberales”, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Cerniglia L, Cimino S. Mothers with Dysregulated Eating and Their Offspring's Emotional/Behavioral Functioning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1018. [PMID: 38398331 PMCID: PMC10889484 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on the psychopathological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic has not specifically focused on mothers with dysregulated eating and their children. METHODS This study aimed to observe whether the symptoms of mothers with binge eating episodes (assessed through the SCL-90/R and the TFEQ-R18) worsened from the pre-pandemic period (T1) to the pandemic period (T2). In addition, we sought to assess whether the levels of internalizing/externalizing and dysregulation symptoms in children (assessed through the CBCL 6-18) worsened from T1 to T2. RESULTS Our results showed that the values obtained for mothers in the SCL-90/R were significantly higher at T2 (during the pandemic), particularly for Depression, Phobic Anxiety, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Obsessive-Compulsive subscales. Moreover, in both the Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating subscales of the TFEQ-R18, mothers at T2 scored substantially higher than mothers at T1. The emotional/behavioral functioning of children was more maladaptive at T2, according to mothers, especially for the subscales of Withdrawn, Anxious/Depressed, and Aggressive Behavior. Children also had significantly higher scores on the Internalizing and Externalizing subscales, as well as greater symptoms of dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to demonstrating that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had increased maladaptive emotional/behavioral functioning in children and their mothers with dysregulated eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Mushtaq A, Khan MA. Social isolation, loneliness, and mental health among older adults during COVID-19: a scoping review. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2024; 67:143-156. [PMID: 37501381 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2023.2237076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 continues to have detrimental effects worldwide, especially on vulnerable populations. The burden of mental health concerns and psychological well-being resulting from social isolation and loneliness induced by COVID-19 are increasingly recognized in old age. The aim is to determine the extent of social isolation and loneliness among older adults, the methodologies used, the effect on mental health during COVID-19, and review intervention strategies and lifestyle changes to improve the current situation through the recommendations of the studies included. The articles published on PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus databases from December 2019 to December 2021 with the following keywords ("Older Adults" "Social Isolation," "Loneliness," "Mental Health," "COVID-19") in English were included. Older adults have faced a serious burden of social isolation and adverse mental health effects during COVID-19. Anxiety, depression, stress, and insomnia are the major mental health concerns among older adults worldwide. It is suggested that spousal support and social networks, adaptive organizational change, and a responsive public sector are critical in reducing the obstacles to older adults. COVID-19 resilience among the aging population can be remarkable if adequately cared for with senior-friendly pandemic-related intervention strategies, policies and legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Mushtaq
- Department of Social Work, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Arif Khan
- Department of Social Work, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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23
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Kivelä L, Mouthaan J, van der Does W, Antypa N. Student mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Are international students more affected? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:414-422. [PMID: 35157564 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2037616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: The psychological well-being of students may be especially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; international students can lack local support systems and represent a higher risk subgroup. Methods: Self-reported depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia, alcohol use, academic stress, and loneliness were examined in two cohorts of university students (March 2020 n = 207, March 2021 n = 142). We investigated differences i) between 2020 and 2021, ii) between domestic and international students, and ii) whether differences between the two cohorts were moderated by student status. Results: More depressive symptoms, academic stress, and loneliness were reported in 2021. International students reported more depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety, PTSD, academic stress, and loneliness. The main effect of cohort was not moderated by student status. Conclusions: International students had worse mental health outcomes overall, but were not affected more by the COVID-19 pandemic than domestic students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liia Kivelä
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Mouthaan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van der Does
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Niki Antypa
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Castelletti G, Misirocchi F, Zilioli A, Salvatelli ML, Rausa F, Pizzarotti S, Zinno L, Florindo I, Pedrazzi G, Parrino L, Mutti C. How can sleep disorders affect our reaction towards external stressors: a lesson from the COVID-19 outbreak. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:391-399. [PMID: 37587386 PMCID: PMC10791966 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak produced extensive psychological consequences, especially among vulnerable populations. Sleep was identified as one of the most common "indirect targets" of the pandemia, with up to 74.8% of patients surviving from COVID-19 complaining of new-onset sleep disorders. However, so far, the clinic-psychological impact of the outbreak in patients affected by pre-existing sleep disorders has not been examined in details. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we aim to assess the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak in a cohort of 190 adult patients affected by sleep disorders, compared to 265 age and sex-matched healthy sleepers. The assessment was implemented throughout the use of ad hoc anamnestic questions, exploration of dream content, and validated questionnaires, aiming to capture the broad range of the neuropsychological nuances of the COVID-19 impact. RESULTS Subjects with pre-existent sleep disorders faced a more severe impact in terms of sleep quality and amount compared to healthy sleepers, presenting longer sleep latency, reduced sleep efficacy, and greater use of hypnotics and medications. On the other hand, healthy sleepers experienced deeper variation in sleeping habits, sleep duration, and greater impact on dream activity in terms of content, emotionality, and presence of recurrent dreams. Finally, in our sample, being female represents an important aggravating factor in the pandemic experience, both in terms of sleep deterioration and with respect to physical and mental health. For instance, females indeed presented the highest scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) both in cases and control groups (respectively 10 ± 3.8 vs 7.3 ± 3.9 in cases and 6.6 ± 3.6 vs 6.0 ± 3.4 in controls, p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION Pre-existent sleep disorders and the female sex might represent risk factors increasing the clinic-psychological burden in dramatic scenarios, such as the COVID-19 pandemia, requiring dedicated attention from clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Castelletti
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Marcello Luigi Salvatelli
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Rausa
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Pizzarotti
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Zinno
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Irene Florindo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pedrazzi
- Unit of Neuroscience & Interdepartmental Center of Robust Statistics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Liborio Parrino
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Carlotta Mutti
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
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25
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Gaudel J, Ahalli S, Fort E, Bridai Y, Baborier N, Charbotel B. [The impact of lockdown on mental health in PhD students, a cohort study in a French university]. L'ENCEPHALE 2024; 50:75-84. [PMID: 37088577 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies are available on the health status of doctoral students. This position at the border between university studies and a professional activity presents specific risk factors, especially in terms of psychosocial constraints. The lockdowns implemented worldwide to control the COVID-19 pandemic are potentially worsening factors. METHODS At Lyon 1 University, a systematic medical follow-up of first year PhD students had been set up by the occupational health service in 2019. In the context of the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, a telephonic interview was proposed to the same PhD students in order to assess the impact of the lockdown on working conditions and health and to provide possible assistance. During this interview, a standardized questionnaire was used to collect information about the conditions during the lockdown, doctoral work during this period and the consequences on research progress, as well as possible financial difficulties due to the lockdown. In addition, questions were asked about the perceived general health conditions and consultation with a health practitioner during this period. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were used to assess depression and anxiety. Questions on lifestyle during lockdown, changes in diet during the period, weight change, and changes in the quantity and quality of their sleep were also asked. Comparisons of perceived health status, the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline and during the follow-up survey were made by MacNemar Chi2 tests, as the data were repeated ones. The students were informed orally and in writing that their data would be entered anonymously into a computer and that they could have access to their data in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). They were all informed by e-mail about the study results at the end of the study. The data collection process was registered with the National Institute for Health Data (INDS) and with the university's register under reference no. 2020/002 by the university's data protection officer in compliance with the French data protection laws (CNIL). The protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the Lyon University College of General Medicine (notification number: 2020-10-29-02). RESULTS Of the 161 PhD students initially interviewed, 149 underwent a second interview. In total, 89.2% of the students assessed their health as good or very good. Regarding the answers to the GAD-7 questionnaire, 8.1% had a score equal to or higher than 10, corresponding to moderate to severe anxiety. Regarding the answers to PHQ-9, 19.6% of the PhD students had a score equal to or higher than 9 corresponding to moderate to severe depressive syndromes. The prevalence of an anxiety disorder was significantly associated with the absence of an outside private access in the place of residence during lockdown (75% vs. 37%), an increase in coffee consumption (33% vs. 5%), an increase in the quantity of food consumed (50% vs. 12%), weight gain (50% vs. 19%) and a deterioration in sleep quality (75% vs. 28%). The prevalence of a depressive symptom was significantly associated with lockdown in an urban area (89% vs. 70%), the occurrence of financial difficulties (7% vs. 1%), the consultation of a health professional during the period (34% vs. 15%), smoking cessation (14% vs. 1%), changes in the quantity (31% vs. 9%) and deterioration (59% vs. 25%) of the quality of sleep, and diet changes (66% vs. 43%). GAD-7 scores were unchanged for 90% of participants between the two surveys, but they were higher for 6.8% of doctoral students and lower for 2.7 % (P=0.1). A deterioration of the PHQ-9 scores, i.e. higher scores in the second survey compared to the first, was observed for 15.5% of the PhD students while an improvement of the scores was observed for 1.4% (P=0.0001). DISCUSSION A number of studies have been published on the impact of lockdown on mental health, but few of them focused specifically on PhD students and even fewer were prospective studies. Their results are therefore difficult to compare with ours; they generally show GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores that are similar to those of our population, or even higher. The impact of lockdown on the mental health of doctoral students highlighted in our study therefore justifies an appropriate follow-up of this population, particularly in the case of former psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Gaudel
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, université de Lyon, université Lyon 1, université Gustave-Eiffel-IFSTTAR, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France.
| | - Saloua Ahalli
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, université de Lyon, université Lyon 1, université Gustave-Eiffel-IFSTTAR, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France; Service de médecine et santé au travail, université Lyon 1, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Emmanuel Fort
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, université de Lyon, université Lyon 1, université Gustave-Eiffel-IFSTTAR, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Yamina Bridai
- Service de médecine et santé au travail, université Lyon 1, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Nicole Baborier
- Service de médecine et santé au travail, université Lyon 1, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Barbara Charbotel
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, université de Lyon, université Lyon 1, université Gustave-Eiffel-IFSTTAR, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France; Service de médecine et santé au travail, université Lyon 1, domaine Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France; CRPPE-Lyon, hospices civils de Lyon, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
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Gao N, Eissenstat SJ, Wacha-Montes A, Wang Y. The experiences and impact on wellness among international students in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:361-365. [PMID: 35427219 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2052077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective Assessing experiences and impact on wellness among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: 405 undergraduate and graduate international students from 65 countries studying at a large public university. Methods: An online, voluntary and anonymous survey consisting of 50 quantitative and qualitative questions was conducted through Qualtrics. Descriptive and frequency analyses were used. Results: 27% of the students had concerns about the changes in student visa status that could seriously disrupt their studies in the U.S. 66.2% of them reported a moderate level, 18.8% reported a high level of stress related to the pandemic. Students identified the highest confidence in getting tested for infection but the lowest confidence in getting treatment if infected. They preferred telehealth for mental health services. Conclusions: Universities can best help international students by assisting with student visa and international travel issues, access to treatment for COVID-19 infection and developing telehealth for mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Gao
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - SunHee J Eissenstat
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Annmarie Wacha-Montes
- Rutgers Health Services Counseling & Psychological Services, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yushi Wang
- Rutgers Health Services Counseling & Psychological Services, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Ellakany P, Yousaf MA, Osamika BE, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Lawal FB, Khalid Z, Aly NM, Lusher J, Nguyen AL. Socio-economic factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms among adolescents and young people during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2276. [PMID: 38280913 PMCID: PMC10821943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the association between sociodemographic factors and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among 18-24-year-olds during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data from 4508 individuals collected through an online survey conducted between June and January 2021. PTSS was measured as a dependent variable using the checklist for post-traumatic stress disorder in civilians. Age, birth sex, sexual, level of education, access to emotional and social support, and emotional distress were the independent variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables while controlling for the country related confounding variables. Females (AOR:2.023), sexual minority individuals (AOR:1.868), those who did not disclose their sexual identify (AOR:1.476), those with poor access to emotional and social support (AOR:4.699) and individuals with no formal education (AOR:13.908), and only primary level education (AOR:4.521) had higher odds of PTSS. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of PTSS during the pandemic and suggests the importance of promoting access of young people, especially females, sexual minority individuals and those with low educational status, to emotional/social support to mitigate the probability of PTSS, especially among sexual minority individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology and Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University London, London, UK
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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Fu L, Zhong L, Liao X, Wang L, Wang Y, Shi X, Zhou Y. Deteriorated sleep quality and associate factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16789. [PMID: 38274330 PMCID: PMC10809979 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To understand the sleep quality and its influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who suffered diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and provide evidence for clinicians to carry out comprehensive intervention measures to improve the sleep quality of patients. Methods Patients who were admitted to the Endocrinology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University were recruited from May to December 2022, and the investigation were conducted by face-to-face interview. The questionnaires included PSQI questionnaire and influencing factors, such as lifestyle and health status. Results Among the 193 patients, 40.4% of the patients never took physical examination, 56.5% of the patients had duration of illness greater than 5 years, 61.7% of the patients had had an operation, 10.4% of the patients had bad dietary status, and 55.4% of the patients had physical pain. In addition, the PSQI general score was 8.34 ± 3.98, the occurrence rate of poor sleep quality (PSQI ≥ 8) was 54.4%, and the results showed that sleep quality of the physical pain group was worse than the no pain group. Moreover, the results of multivariate analysis revealed that the factors affecting sleep quality were lower frequency of exercise, bad dietary status, lower frequency of physical examination, longer duration of illness, and smoking, and the OR and 95% CI were [1.40, 1.04∼1.89], [3.42, 1.86∼6.29], [1.49, 1.01∼2.20], [1.78, 1.09∼2.92], [2.38, 1.17∼4.88], respectively. Conclusion Patients with DPN have higher risk of poor sleep quality. Moreover, there were many risk factors associated with poor sleep quality, clinicians and health policymakers should timely detect and effectively intervene in these factors to improve the sleep quality, which is important to enhance the quality of life of T2DM patients complicated with DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
| | - Liping Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Endocrinology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lingrui Wang
- Endocrinology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Youyi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiuquan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanna Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
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Van Landeghem C, Jakobson LS. Isolating unique variance in mental health outcomes attributable to personality variables and childhood emotional abuse. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1330483. [PMID: 38318082 PMCID: PMC10838979 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction University students are at high risk for anxiety and depression. Our main objective was to tease apart variance in symptom severity that was uniquely attributable to four associated variables that are frequently confounded: exposure to childhood emotional abuse, alexithymia, sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), and anxiety sensitivity (AS). Methods University students (N = 410) completed an online survey designed to measure our four key study variables along with several other potentially relevant variables including sex, physical activity levels, and perceived COVID-19 impacts. Results Over half of the participants reported moderate to extremely severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. Females reported stronger signs of SPS and AS and were more likely than males to have increased their moderate/vigorous exercise since the pandemic began. After controlling for the other variables, the best predictors of perceived COVID-19 impacts were SPS, childhood emotional abuse, and current levels of physical activity. Whereas all three personality variables and childhood emotional abuse emerged as significant predictors of both depression and anxiety, neither COVID-19 impacts nor physical activity levels accounted for unique variance in either model. Unexpectedly, male sex emerged as an additional risk factor for depression, raising the possibility that males experience unique stressors and societal pressures that increase their risk of depression. Discussion These findings help to clarify the links between childhood emotional abuse, personality traits implicated in emotional awareness and self-regulation, and mental health. They may have important implications for the development and implementation of individualized treatments for common mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorna S. Jakobson
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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30
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Mejia CR, Serna-Alarcón V, Vilela-Estrada MA, Armada J, Ubillus M, Beraún-Barrantes J, Álvarez-Risco A, Del-Aguila-Arcentales S, Davies NM, Yáñez JA. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder risk post-COVID-19 in 12 countries in Latin America: a cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1302694. [PMID: 38264243 PMCID: PMC10804613 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1302694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Latin America was the region most affected by COVID-19 in the second quarter of 2020, and consequently, the impact on mental health requires evaluation. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by bereavement due to COVID-19 in 12 countries in Latin America. Methods The current study was an analytical cross-sectional study. Validated tests were applied for PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), questions about the respondent's condition or their environment, and demographic questions, as well as the length of the mourning period of suffering. Results The outcomes demonstrated that the PTSD risk increased for women (p < 0.001), when a friend or acquaintance had COVID-19 (p = 0.002), when a close relative died from COVID-19 (p = 0.010), having severe depression (p <0.001), severe anxiety (p <0.001), severe stress (p <0.001), residing in Chile (p <0.001), Paraguay (p <0.001), Bolivia (p <0.001), Costa Rica (p <0.001) or El Salvador (p = 0.005). On the other hand, there was less risk of PTSD at an older age (p <0.001) or if respondents had a sentimental partner (p = 0.025). In the case of severe PTSD, there was a greater gender risk for women (p <0.001), a close relative dying from COVID-19 (p = 0.017), having severe depression (p <0.001), severe anxiety (p <0.001), severe stress (p <0.001), residing in Chile (p <0.001), Paraguay (p <0.001), Bolivia (p <0.001) and Costa Rica (p = 0.002). It was also observed that there was less risk of severe PTSD at an older age demographic (p <0.001). Discussion It can be concluded that the percentages of PTSD are high in its clinical presentation as severe, especially among Latin American women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Serna-Alarcón
- Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru
- Hospital Regional José Cayetano Heredia, EsSalud, Piura, Peru
| | - Martín A. Vilela-Estrada
- Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru
- Hospital Regional José Cayetano Heredia, EsSalud, Piura, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Neal M. Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Asociación Médica de Investigación y Servicios en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Jaime A. Yáñez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Educación, Carrera de Educación y Gestión del Aprendizaje, Lima, Peru
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Alasqah I, Alhamdan A, Alhouri M, Alfehaid M. Sociodemographic determinants of depression, anxiety, and stress immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study among university students in Saudi Arabia. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1271536. [PMID: 38259759 PMCID: PMC10801905 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1271536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The public health measures taken in educational institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic had complex influences on students' mental health. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic among students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among Qassim University students in Saudi Arabia. All students registered for the academic year 2022 were invited to participate in a survey through social media. A total of 453 participants completed an online survey that included the DASS-21 for assessing the emotional states of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress.. Results The mean scores for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, were 10.70, 11.18, and 10.40, respectively. At least 18% of the students reported experiencing moderate-to-severe levels of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. The study showed that the feminine gender was associated with higher Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scores. Conclusion Students in the current study described experiencing higher levels of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of the present study can help universities take targeted measures to address the impact of a pandemic like COVID-19 on students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Alasqah
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Abdullah Alhamdan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alhouri
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alfehaid
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
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Yan W, Shang Z, Wu L, Lv H, Jia Y, Zhan J, Wang J, Ouyang H, Liu W, Chen W. The impact of isolation on comorbidity of PTSD symptoms and depression: evidence from PTRP-5-6 in China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:21. [PMID: 38166952 PMCID: PMC10762958 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Omicron pandemic struck Shanghai, China, resulting in impairments of both physical and psychological health on those patients who were confirmed and transferred to the Fangcang shelters. The way of isolation led to high risk of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms among the patients in Fangcang shelters. We aim to estimate the prevalence and comorbidity of PTSS and depressive symptoms in patients from China's Fangcang shelters during the epidemic. METHODS Demographic information questionnaire, the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used in the study. The data were collected online via mobile phones during 10th April to 20th April, 2022, as part of our Psychological Trauma Recover Project-5-6 (PTRP-5-6), a longitudinal study focusing on individuals who have experienced trauma. RESULTS A total of 336 subjects were included in the analysis. The results revealed (1) the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and PTSS were 30.1% (cut-off = 10) and 6% (cut-off = 33); (2) Multiple logistic regression showed that female (OR = 3.04, p < 0.05), suffering from dyspnea (OR = 5.83, p < 0.05) or gastrointestinal symptoms (OR = 6.38, p < 0.05) were risk factors for PTSS; higher education level (OR = 3.27, p < 0.05) and suffering from dizziness or headache (OR = 2.46, p < 0.05) were risk factors for depressive symptoms; (3)Respectively, 85% of the patients who reported PTSS also experienced depressive symptoms, 16.8% of the patients who reported depressive symptoms presented PTSS. CONCLUSION In the context of COVID-19, the comorbidity rate of PTSS and depressive symptoms among patients in Fangcang shelters increased with the severity of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongli Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yanpu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingye Zhan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Wenfang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China.
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Şahin AB, Büyüktopcu E, Tükel R. Evaluation of Sexual Function According to Gender and Sexual Orientation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey: A National Online Survey Study. TURK PSIKIYATRI DERGISI = TURKISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2024; 35:56-62. [PMID: 38556937 PMCID: PMC11003367 DOI: 10.5080/u26948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus Diseases-19 (COVID-19) pandemic that has caused the death of thousands of people affected negatively not only people's physical wellbeing but also their mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sexual function, depression, anxiety and stress, and fear of COVID-19 of individuals according to gender and sexual orientation during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD The questionnaire form included sociodemographic data form, the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-Short Form (DASS-21), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). The form was distributed on social media platforms. RESULTS 1593 sexually active participants were included in the study. 47.5% of the participants were females and 52.5% were males. 86.9% of them were heterosexuals and 13.1% were lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals. ASEX, DASS-21 Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, and FCV-19S scores were significantly higher in females than males (p<0.001). When anxiety, depression, stress, and fear of COVID-19 were controlled, level of sexual dysfunction continued to be higher in women. We found that while the ASEX and FCV-19S scores were similar between the heterosexuals and LGBs (respectively p=0.66 and p=0.31), the DASS-21 Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scores were higher in LGBs (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Our results reveal the effect of the pandemic period on female sexual functions and the importance of addressing this topic in clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raşit Tükel
- Prof., İstanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey
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Runyan A, Cassani A, Reyna L, Walsh EC, Hoks RM, Birn RM, Abercrombie HC, Philippi CL. Effects of Cortisol Administration on Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Women with Depression. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 337:111760. [PMID: 38039780 PMCID: PMC10843737 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) research has identified several brain networks impacted by depression and cortisol, including default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), and salience networks (SN). In the present study, we examined the effects of cortisol administration on rsFC of these networks in individuals varying in depression history and severity. We collected resting-state fMRI scans and self-reported depression symptom severity for 74 women with and without a history of depression after cortisol and placebo administration using a double-blind, crossover design. We conducted seed-based rsFC analyses for DMN, FPN, and SN seeds to examine rsFC changes after cortisol vs. placebo administration in relation to depression history group and severity. Results revealed a main effect of depression group, with lower left amygdala (SN)-middle temporal gyrus connectivity in women with a history of depression. Cortisol administration increased insula (SN)-inferior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus connectivity. We also found that greater depression severity was associated with increased PCC (DMN)-cerebellum connectivity after cortisol. These results did not survive Bonferroni correction for seed ROIs and should be interpreted with caution. Our findings indicate that acute cortisol elevation may normalize aberrant connectivity of DMN and SN regions, which could help inform clinical treatments for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Runyan
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Central Missouri, 116 West S. St., Warrensburg, MO 64093, USA
| | - Alexis Cassani
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA
| | - Leah Reyna
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA
| | - Erin C Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, CB# 7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roxanne M Hoks
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Rasmus M Birn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd., Madison, Wisconsin, 53719, USA
| | - Heather C Abercrombie
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Carissa L Philippi
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA.
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Cichoń E, Gawrych M, Kiejna A, Gondek TM, Andrzejewska B, Adamowski T, Kozak K, Mortier P, Alonso J. Predictors of suicidality among Polish university students during COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2024; 37:43-55. [PMID: 37972975 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The main purpose of the study was to assess university students' mental health and identify factors associated with the risk of suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and distance learning. RECENT FINDINGS The study was conducted in spring 2021 and comprised 10 760 Polish students. The survey employed modified versions of the C-SSRS, CIDI, WHO-5, GAD-7, the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 and CAGE-AID Questionnaire and included questions about panic attacks, COVID-19-related information and sociodemographic characteristics. The correlates of suicidality were examined using a series of logistic regression analyses. Almost 40% students experienced any suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours in the previous month: passive ideations only (15.8%), active ideations only (7.1%), plans without attempts (15%), and attempts (1.4%). Following variables were related to the increased risk for suicide attempts: severe anxiety [odds ratio (OR) = 11.39; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-90.26], panic attacks (OR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.75-5.91), and COVID-19 hospitalisation (OR = 11.04; 95% CI: 1.17-104.59). Major depression was associated with passive and active ideations, suicide plans, but not with attempts (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 0.45-4.13). SUMMARY University students present a high level of adverse mental health and increased risk of STBs during COVID-19 pandemic. A suicide prevention program tailored to this population is needed during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Cichoń
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Applied Studies, Psychology Research Unit for Public Health, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw
| | | | - Andrzej Kiejna
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Applied Studies, Psychology Research Unit for Public Health, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw
| | | | - Beata Andrzejewska
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Applied Studies, Psychology Research Unit for Public Health, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw
| | - Tomasz Adamowski
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karol Kozak
- Medical Faculty, Dresden University of Technology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Clinic for Neurology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philippe Mortier
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Liu J, Ouyang N, Mizrahi A, Kornides ML. Social Distancing in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associated Factors, Health Outcomes, and Implications. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2024; 47:80-94. [PMID: 37681938 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Social distancing has reemerged as a public health measure for containing the spread of COVID-19. This integrative review aims to analyze the historical use of social distancing, the current application during COVID-19, individual factors that affect social distancing practices, and consequential health outcomes. We analyzed relevant literature from searches conducted on Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO. We found that resources, culture, age, gender, and personality are associated with the degree to which people practice social distancing. Furthermore, social distancing changes our lifestyles and behavior and results in multifaceted health outcomes, including decreased physical activity and sunlight exposure, increased weight gain, and impaired sleep quality. On the positive side, social distancing has been linked to reduced crime rates and environmental damage, as well as better social and family ties. Future interventions may be utilized to increase adherence to social distancing practices and to mitigate the negative health effects of social distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing (Dr Liu), School of Nursing (Ms Ouyang and Dr Kornides), School of Arts and Sciences (Ms Mizrahi), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (Ms Ouyang)
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Huang N, Liu X, Liu Q, Zhang J, Fu Y, Zhu Z, Guo J, Li X, Yang L. Does COVID-19 vaccination affect post-traumatic stress symptoms via risk perception? A large cross-sectional study among the Chinese population. Public Health 2024; 226:107-113. [PMID: 38052112 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although infection rates may increase after relaxation of the zero COVID strategy, the extensive vaccination campaign in China could potentially curb the spread of COVID-19, which may be associated with a low level of risk perception and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, the relationship between vaccination, risk perception and PTSS has not been studied extensively. This study aims to examine the associations between the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses, consistency in the type of each dose and time since vaccination with PTSS, and the mediating role of risk perception on such relationships in China. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional sampling with a self-report questionnaire was used to measure vaccination, PTSS and risk perception. METHODS The survey was conducted in Beijing, China, from 13 January to 9 February 2023. Linear regression analyses were conducted to test the relationship between vaccination, risk perception and PTSS. RESULTS The analysis included 55,803 individuals. In total, 72.86 % of participants received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Regression results indicated that people with two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine had a lower level of PTSS (β = -1.232, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -1.930, -0.534) than those who had not received any doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Only the negative relationship between two-dose vaccination and PTSS was mediated by risk perception, while the negative relationship between the time since vaccination and PTSS was suppressed by risk perception. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that receiving the COVID-19 vaccine reduced PTSS by decreasing perceived risk. Vaccination time was negatively associated with PTSS, but this relationship was suppressed by risk perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Huang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Q Liu
- Department of General Practice, Second Outpatient Section, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - J Guo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - X Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - L Yang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
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Li Q, Zhang X, Yang X, Pan N, He M, Suo X, Li X, Gong Q, Wang S. Pre-COVID resting-state brain activity in the fusiform gyrus prospectively predicts social anxiety alterations during the pandemic. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:380-388. [PMID: 37838273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety (SA) has been linked to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but the neurobiopsychological mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the neurofunctional markers for COVID-induced SA development and the potential role of COVID-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in the brain-SA alterations link. METHODS Before the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), 100 general college students underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral tests. During the period of community-level outbreaks (T2), these students were re-contacted to undergo follow-up behavioral assessments. RESULTS Whole-brain correlation and prediction analyses found that pre-pandemic spontaneous neural activity (measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations) in the right fusiform gyrus (FG) was positively correlated to SA alterations (T2 - T1). Mediation analyses revealed that COVID-specific PTSS mediated the effects of right FG on SA alterations. LIMITATIONS The results should be interpreted carefully because only one-session neuroimaging data in a sample of normal adults were included. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for neurofunctional markers of COVID-induced SA and may help develop targeted brain-based interventions that reduce SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Affairs, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
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Ierardi E, Bottini M, Preti E, Di Pierro R, Madeddu F, Riva Crugnola C. Attachment styles, mental health, and trauma during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in an Italian adult population. RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY (MILANO) 2023; 26:689. [PMID: 38224217 PMCID: PMC10849074 DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2023.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted adults' mental health around the world. Various studies highlighted the role of sociodemographic risk factors, including age, gender, and level of education, in increasing this impact. Although insecure attachment styles are considered a vulnerability factor for psychopathology and difficulties in coping with stressful situations, few studies have examined the role of attachment styles in relation to psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the role of attachment styles in affecting psychopathological problems and post-traumatic symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of Italian adults (N=1548). During the first lockdown in Italy, the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised were administered to the participants to assess attachment styles, trauma-related symptoms, and psychopathological problems. The results showed that 41% of the participants had symptoms of clinical and subclinical relevance during the pandemic. Anxious and avoidant insecure attachment styles predicted psychopathological problems and post-traumatic symptoms, whereas secure attachment style was a protective factor. Our results highlighted the significant role played by the quality of attachment styles on adult mental health during the pandemic, providing valuable elements for targeted psychological support interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ierardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan.
| | - Marta Bottini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan.
| | - Emanuele Preti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan.
| | | | - Fabio Madeddu
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan.
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Luo W, Mohammed J. Mental health status and coping strategies of Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296309. [PMID: 38134210 PMCID: PMC10745188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in December 2019, students have been under unparalleled psychological stress worldwide. As part of its prevention and control strategies, the Chinese Ministry of Education proposed online teaching activities for universities. For the first time, teaching and learning shifted completely online, significantly impacting university students used to classroom learning. This research addresses the knowledge gap about the mental health and coping strategies employed by Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Electronic databases (PsycINFO, Scopus, Medline, Cochranes and CNKI) were searched systematically from 2019 to 2023, as part of this literature review. From the 349 articles found, 25 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify six sub-themes, organized under two main themes: Mental health issues of Chinese university students and their coping mechanisms. Heightened stress, anxiety, and depression appeared in Chinese university students during the pandemic, which may have been compounded by their isolation and the disruptions to their studies. Although the impact of COVID-19 on Chinese university students is waning, this study emphasizes the potential long-lasting impact on their mental health, which requires further investigation, particularly regarding gender differences. Moreover, positive and negative coping strategies were found in this review. Strategies for seeking social and family support and participating in sports activities had significant alleviating effects, while negative coping strategies such as alcohol-use and smoking did not. This rapid review informs the development of policies and interventions to enhance the mental health of university students during crisis events. The findings serve to inform health policymakers, university psychologists, and educators in improving the well-being of this student population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jalal Mohammed
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Alrjoub W, Alarjeh G, Ammar K, Shamieh A, Harding R, Booth C, Sullivan R, Al-ruzzieh M, Mansour A, Shamieh O. Stress, resilience, and moral distress among health care providers in oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1288483. [PMID: 38192554 PMCID: PMC10773806 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1288483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus pandemic has potential implications for stress levels and resilience among oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aims to assess perceived stress, resilience, and moral distress levels among oncology HCPs in Jordan during the pandemic and identify associated risk factors. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among oncology HCPs in Jordan using three validated tools: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSIC), and Moral Distress Thermometer (MDT). Seven items were used to assess sources of stress. Results A total of 965 participants enrolled with a 74% response rate. The participants' ages ranged from 20 to 74 (mean = 32.74, SD = 5.197), with 79.1% males, 45.1% were physicians, 32.6% were public hospital workers, 57.1% were married, and 56.6% had children below 18 years. Findings indicated moderate perceived stress (Mean = 15.87, SD = 5.861), low resilience (Mean = 29.18, SD = 5.197), and high moral distress (Mean = 4.72, SD = 2.564). Females, unmarried individuals, and younger age groups exhibited higher PSS (p = 0.009, p < 0.001, and P<0.001) and lower resilience (p = 0.024, p = 0.034, and p = 0.001). Not having children below 18 years correlated with higher perceived stress (P < 0.001). In linear regression analysis, age and gender emerged as significant predictors of both perceived stress and resilience. Female participants reported stress related to the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = 0.001), transmitting it to others (p = 0.017), social isolation (P < 0.001), and having children at home due to school closures (p = 0.000). A cohort of 239 participants repeated the survey within a two-month interval, revealed a statistically significant decrease in the CD-RISC scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion Oncology HCPs in Jordan experienced moderate stress, high moral distress, and poor resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors may negatively affect the quality of oncology care. Urgent measures are necessary to support HCPs in coping with unforeseen circumstances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alrjoub
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghadeer Alarjeh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Khawlah Ammar
- Centre of Research Shared Resources, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard Harding
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, Cicely Saunders Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Booth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Asem Mansour
- Director General’s Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Shamieh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Palliative Care, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
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Hao XY, Guo YX, Lou JS, Cao JB, Liu M, Mi TY, Li A, You SH, Cao FY, Liu YH, Li H, Zhou ZK, Xu JM, Wu QP, Gu XP, Wang DF, Peng YM, Ma LB, Wang LY, Tong L, Mi WD. Mental health changes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 343:77-85. [PMID: 37741468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has a heavy impact on the mental health of elderly surgical patients worldwide. In particular, the elderly patients faced considerable psychological stress due to various environmental and medical factors during the outbreak. This study aims to examine changes in mental health trends among non-cardiac surgical patients aged 65 and above in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This multi-center, convenient sampling, longitudinal observational study was conducted from April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2022. Primary outcome was the prevalence of postoperative depression. Secondary outcome was the prevalence of postoperative anxiety. Follow-up was conducted separately at 7 days and 30 days after surgery. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) scale. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale, with scores of ≥5 defining positive depression or anxiety symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate risk factors of mental health status in more elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. RESULTS A total of 4639 patients were included, of whom 2279 (46.0 %) were male, 752 (15.2 %) were over the age of 75, and 4346 (93.7 %) were married. The monthly prevalence trends demonstrated that compared to the outbreak period, a significant reduction in the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in elderly patients who underwent surgery during the post-pandemic period. In post-pandemic period, a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of all severity depression and anxiety patients was noted at the 7-day follow-up, but no significant decrease was observed for severe depression and anxiety in the 30-day follow-up. In COVID-19 low-risk area, a significant overall decrease in prevalence of mental health was observed during the post-pandemic period compared to the outbreak period, including 7-day depression, 7-day anxiety, 30-day depression, and 30-day anxiety (all with P < 0.001). Female and patients with ≥2 comorbidities appeared to be more susceptible to postoperative depression and anxiety during the pandemic. LIMITATION The absence of data from the early days of the COVID-19 outbreak. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed the prevalence of depression and anxiety in elderly non-cardiac patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on dimensions such as severity, risk-areas, gender, and comorbidity. Our findings revealed a significant decrease in the prevalence of depression and anxiety in elderly surgery patients during the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yong-Xin Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing-Sheng Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiang-Bei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tian-Yue Mi
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shao-Hua You
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Fu-Yang Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jun-Mei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiang-ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Qing-Ping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Di-Fen Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 524000, China
| | - Yu-Ming Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Bin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Li-Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Wang S, Luo G, Pan D, Ding X, Yang F, Zhu L, Wang S, Ma X. Anxiety prevalence and associated factors among frontline nurses following the COVID-19 pandemic: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1323303. [PMID: 38145071 PMCID: PMC10740197 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1323303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nurses are more likely to experience anxiety following the coronavirus 2019 epidemic. Anxiety could compromise nurses' work efficiency and diminish their professional commitment. This study aims to investigate nurses' anxiety prevalence and related factors following the pandemic in multiple hospitals across China. Methods An online survey was conducted from April 16 to July 3, 2023, targeting frontline nurses who had actively participated in China. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors linked with anxiety. Results A total of 2,210 frontline nurses participated in the study. Overall, 65.07% of participants displayed clinically significant anxiety symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that nurses living with their families [2.52(95% CI: 1.68-3.77)] and those with higher SDS scores [1.26(95% CI: 1.24-1.29)] faced an elevated risk of anxiety. Conversely, female nurses [0.02(95% CI: 0.00-0.90)] and those who had recovered from infection [0.05(95%CI: 0.07-0.18)] demonstrated lower rates of anxiety. Discussion This study highlights the association between SDS score, gender, virus infection, living arrangements and anxiety. Frontline nurses need to be provided with emotional support to prevent anxiety. These insights can guide interventions to protect the mental well-being of frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongsheng Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - XiangQian Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Ya'an People's Hospital, Sichuan University, Yaan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuelu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
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Panzeri A, DeVita M, Di Rosa E, Bottesi G, Brundisini V, Guarrera C, Ravelli A, Ponza I, Cattelan A, Volpe B, Iannizzi P, Ghisi M, Schiavo R, Mapelli D. Trauma Shaping the Psychopathological Correlates of Patients with Long-COVID: A 6-Months Longitudinal Study with Repeated Measures Mixed Models. Psychiatry Res 2023; 330:115609. [PMID: 38006716 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed at investigating how the experience of trauma can influence the psychological correlates of long-COVID over time in a clinical sample of patients hospitalized because of COVID-19. Through a longitudinal research design, 70 post-acute patients with COVID-19 were followed-up after hospital discharge in 3-time points up to 6 months and completed the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90 R). Repeated measures mixed models with random intercept were used to evaluate the effect of trauma (yes/no) over time (T1, T2, T3) on the SCL-90-R scales. Results showed that patients with trauma display significantly worse psychological outcomes in all the SCL-90-R dimensions [all padj < .05 for the principal effects of trauma(y)], especially in symptoms of depression [time 2 vs time 1*trauma(y): b = -3.86, 95%CI (-7.18, -0.53), padj = .035; time 3 vs time 1*trauma(y): b = -4.77, 95%CI (-8.10, -1.45), padj = .011], anxiety [time 3 vs time 1*trauma(y): b = -4.54, 95%CI (-7.72, -1.37), padj = .011], and obsessive-compulsive difficulties [time 3 vs time 1*trauma(y): b = -4.03, 95%CI (-7.20, -0.86), padj = .027]. These findings shed light on the long-term psychological consequences of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients and highlight the key role of trauma, suggesting its assessment to tailor psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panzeri
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy.
| | - Maria DeVita
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy; Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Di Rosa
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Virginia Brundisini
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Guarrera
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Adele Ravelli
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Isabella Ponza
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattelan
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Biancarosa Volpe
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marta Ghisi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy; Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Rossana Schiavo
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Mapelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy
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AlKheder S, Al-Mukhaizeem M, Al-Saleh H, Bahman E, Al-Ghanim S. Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on traffic congestion and safety skills using structural equation modeling (SEM) and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2023; 30:593-611. [PMID: 37565729 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2023.2242331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The current work presented a comparative analysis of traffic demand and safety skills before and after control measures during the COVID-19 epidemic, acquired time-series change data curves, and constructed a prediction model after determining the trend of traffic demand over time. From a data analysis perspective, the paper draws some interesting conclusions about long span, coarse sampling studies. In terms of the study population, the paper did focus on the specificity of the global epidemic. Kuwait was selected as a case study. Traffic demand analysis was conducted using a Structural Equation Model (SEM), Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and safety skills questionnaire along with flow charts and demographic variables. These methods were utilized to study the impact of COVID-19 on traffic congestion and safety skills as well as to forecast the future traffic volumes. Results showed that traffic congestion had a significant reduction during COVID-19 as a result of the preventive safety measures taken to control the spread of the virus. Such reduced traffic volume was associated with a decrease in traffic violations and an increase in the safety skills and PM skills of drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharaf AlKheder
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Manar Al-Mukhaizeem
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Hanaa Al-Saleh
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Eman Bahman
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Saqer Al-Ghanim
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Lin L, Zhao T, Ngan P, Zhuang Y, Qin D, Hua F, He H. Obstructive sleep apnea-related knowledge, attitude, experience, and behaviors among orthodontic professionals: a survey. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2361-2369. [PMID: 37222934 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related experience, knowledge, attitude, and behaviors among orthodontic professionals in China and identify factors associated with their knowledge levels, attitude toward referring, and self-confidence in the management of patients with OSA. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was conducted using a 31-item questionnaire developed with a professional online survey tool ( www.wjx.cn ) and distributed via WeChat (Tencent, Shenzhen, China). Data were collected between January 16 and 23, 2022 and analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate generalized estimation equations. RESULTS A total of 1760 professionals responded to the survey, and responses to 1611 questionnaires were valid. The average score of correct answers to the 15 OSA knowledge questions was 12.1 ± 2.0. Most of the professionals agreed that it was necessary to identify patients who might have OSA in practice. The top three sources for gaining knowledge of OSA according to the survey were classrooms and textbooks (76.3%), medical lectures (75.7%), and academic conferences (73.2%). The level of knowledge was significantly correlated with self-confidence in treatment (P < 0.001) and willingness to refer patients to otolaryngologists or clinicians of related disciplines (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Most orthodontic professionals agreed that there was a need to identify patients with OSA and learn further about related problems. Treatment confidence and willingness of professionals to refer patients were related to the level of OSA knowledge. These findings suggest that promotion of OSA-related education may help improve the care of patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhuo Lin
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Dentofacial Development & Sleep Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peter Ngan
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Yimin Zhuang
- Nanshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danchen Qin
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Hua
- Center for Dentofacial Development & Sleep Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry at Optics Valley Branch, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Center for Evidence-Based Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Hong He
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Center for Dentofacial Development & Sleep Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Braule Pinto ALDC, Serpa ALDO, Guatimosim RF, Costa DS, de Paula JJ, da Silva AG, Diaz AP, de Miranda DM, Malloy-Diniz LF. Longitudinal profile of post-traumatic symptoms in HealthCare Workers during COVID-19 pandemic: A latent transition model. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:230-239. [PMID: 37922597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pandemics have the potential to be considered traumatic event, increasing the risk of developing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in HealthCare Workers (HCW). However, few longitudinal studies have evaluated the impact of prolonged exposure to the risk imposed by COVID-19. Our aim was to identify subgroups of HCW with profiles of PTSS, how this profile changed during the pandemic and which variables were related to these changes. METHODS We evaluated the levels of PTSS and psychological distress in a Brazilian HealthCare Workers' sample (n = 1398) in three waves of assessment: from May to June 2020 (Wave 1), December 2020 to February 2021 (Wave 2) and May to August 2021 (Wave 3), using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify subgroups with different profiles of symptms, and then, Latent Transition Analysis (LTA) was applied to examine changes in symptom profiles over time, including gender, psychiatric diagnosis history, and pandemic-related fears as covariates. RESULTS two profiles were identified: high-PTSS profile (Wave 1-23%; Wave 2-64% and Wave 3-73%) and a low-PTSS (Wave 1-77%; Wave 2-36% and Wave 3-27%). Being female, fear of contamination, and fearing financial problems were strong predictors of changes in the profile. In addition, the participants had a high probability of being in the high-PTSS in the long run. CONCLUSION These results suggests that targeted interventions can mitigate the impact of pandemic. Providing financial support, and psychological support can be beneficial for those with psychiatric diagnoses and experiencing bereavement.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz de Carvalho Braule Pinto
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post Graduation Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Ensino e Pesquisa (DENPE), Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Clinical Neuroscience Lab (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira Serpa
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; SCNLab, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Ferreira Guatimosim
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Clinical Neuroscience Lab (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Souza Costa
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Clinical Neuroscience Lab (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Geraldo da Silva
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alexandre Paim Diaz
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, New York, USA.
| | - Débora Marques de Miranda
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post Graduation Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz
- SAMBE-Instituto de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post Graduation Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Clinical Neuroscience Lab (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Valladares-Garrido D, Quiroga-Castañeda PP, Berrios-Villegas I, Zila-Velasque JP, Anchay-Zuloeta C, Chumán-Sánchez M, Vera-Ponce VJ, Pereira-Victorio CJ, Failoc-Rojas VE, Díaz-Vélez C, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Depression, anxiety, and stress in medical students in Peru: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1268872. [PMID: 38090694 PMCID: PMC10715266 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1268872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms in medical students in Peru, during the second pandemic wave of COVID-19. Methods We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in 405 medical students from a university in northern Peru. The DASS-21 instrument was used to evaluate mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and stress), and to investigate their association with socio-educational characteristics. Results We found a prevalence of depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms of 71.6% (95% CI: 66.94-75.95), 71.9% (95% CI: 67.2-76.2), and 62.7% (95% CI: 57.8-67.4); respectively. Students with eating behavior disorders had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 1.35), anxious symptoms (PR: 1.27), and stress symptoms (PR: 1.31). The prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 1.57), anxious symptoms (PR: 1.27), and stress symptoms (PR: 1.24) increased in students who did not report regular physical activity. In addition, having almost always academic exhaustion increased the prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 1.46), stress symptoms (PR: 1.72). On the contrary, the prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 0.79), anxious symptoms (PR: 0.73) and stress symptoms (PR: 0.82) decreased in male students. Students who reported sleeping 8 or more hours daily had a lower prevalence of stress symptoms (PR: 0.82). Conclusion Symptoms of depression and anxiety occurred in 7 out of 10 students, and stress in 6 out of 10. Among the factors associated with the presence of anxiety, depression, and stress were eating behavior disorder and not regularly exercising. Periodic evaluations of mental symptomatology are required and counseling should be promoted in medical schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Valladares-Garrido
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo, Peru
- Oficina de Salud Ocupacional, Hospital de Apoyo II Santa Rosa, Piura, Peru
| | | | | | - J. Pierre Zila-Velasque
- Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Pasco, Peru
- Red Latinoamericana de Medicina en La Altitud e Investigación (REDLAMAI), Pasco, Peru
| | - Claudia Anchay-Zuloeta
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas (SCIEMVE), Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Marisella Chumán-Sánchez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas (SCIEMVE), Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Víctor J. Vera-Ponce
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas
- Unidad de Investigación para Generación y Síntesis de Evidencia en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Cristian Díaz-Vélez
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
- Red Peruana de Salud Colectiva, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Peru
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Keskin G, Gümüşsoy S, Taşdemir Yiğitoğlu G. Spouses' coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: is there a difference between male and female attitudes? Women Health 2023; 63:801-817. [PMID: 37876322 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2023.2272205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive study was conducted to determine the stress-coping status of spouses and the difference between male and female attitudes during the pandemic period. We collected data with the Personal Information Form and the Scale for Coping with Family Stressors from 533 participants. The mean age of women and men was 36.04 ± 10.04 and 37.13 ± 11.56, respectively. A significant difference in verbalizing with others, work - family segmentation, cognitive restructuring, changing behaviors, emotional disclosure, exercise, and spending more time with family was found between women and men (p < .05). A significant difference was also observed in coping mechanisms with family stressors between women and men, and thus, gender affects their coping attitudes. During crises such as pandemics, the community should be aware of the availability of mental health professionals, and spouses should also use effective coping methods with family stress at regular intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülseren Keskin
- Ege University Atatürk Medical Vocational Training School, İzmír, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Gümüşsoy
- Ege University Atatürk Medical Vocational Training School, İzmír, Turkey
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Dias RDL, Shalaby R, Agyapong B, Vuong W, Gusnowski A, Surood S, Greenshaw AJ, Agyapong VIO. The effectiveness of CBT-based daily supportive text messages in improving female mental health during COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Text4Hope program. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1182267. [PMID: 38025982 PMCID: PMC10667914 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1182267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly exacerbated gender disparities in mental health, particularly impacting women. To address this, Alberta, Canada, launched Text4Hope, a Cognitive Behaviour Therapy-based text messaging intervention, to provide support and resources for psychological challenges during the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Text4Hope in reducing stress, anxiety, depression, sleeping disturbances, and suicidal ideation among female subscribers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study employed both an uncontrolled longitudinal design and a controlled cohort design. The uncontrolled longitudinal study analyzed a one-year dataset (n = 9,545) of clinical outcomes, comparing mean differences in mental health symptoms from baseline to 6 weeks after subscription. The controlled cohort design compared two groups, with (n = 1,763) and without (n = 567) intervention exposure during the same period. Data were collected through self-administered online surveys completed at baseline and six weeks after subscription. Sociodemographic information and validated scales (e.g., 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)) were used to assess mental health outcomes. Results The results from the longitudinal study indicated a significant reduction in anxiety prevalence and anxiety symptoms, with a 19.63% decrease in GAD-7 mean score and a 32.02% decrease in likely anxiety from baseline to six weeks. Depressive symptoms and perceived stress also showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001), albeit to a lesser extent. In the controlled cohort study, the intervention group had significantly (p < 0.001) lower PHQ-9 [19.5 (SD 7.05)], GAD-7 [7.5 (SD 5.27)], and CMH [35.53 (SD 18.45)] scores. Additionally, the study found substantial differences (p < 0.001) in suicidal ideation (26.1 vs. 15.7) between groups but no significant differences in sleep disruption. Discussion These findings suggest that Text4Hope could be an effective intervention for reducing stress, depression, suicidal ideation, and particularly anxiety symptoms among women during public emergencies. The study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of text messaging interventions in supporting mental health during crisis situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel da Luz Dias
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Reham Shalaby
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Belinda Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wesley Vuong
- Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - April Gusnowski
- Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shireen Surood
- Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew James Greenshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Vincent I. O. Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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