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Davidson JC, Kent BV, Cozier YC, Kanaya AM, Warner ET, Eliassen AH, Williams DR, Shields AE. "Does Religious Service Attendance Modify the Relationship between Everyday Discrimination and Risk of Obesity? Results from the Study on Stress, Spirituality and Health". J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:3076-3090. [PMID: 37921946 PMCID: PMC11065965 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association of everyday discrimination with risk of obesity and the potential modifying effect of religious service attendance. Participants included Black, South Asian, and white women in three cohort studies that belong to the Study on Stress, Spirituality and Health. Logistic regression models estimated odds of obesity classification (BMI ≥ 30) relative to experiences of everyday discrimination. In initial pooled analyses, high levels of discrimination were related to increased odds of obesity. Race-specific analyses revealed marginal associations for white and South Asian women. Among Black women, high levels of discrimination and religious service attendance were both associated with higher odds of obesity. However, among women who attended religious services frequently, higher levels of everyday discrimination were associated with slightly lower odds of obesity. These findings underline the complex association between obesity and religion/spirituality, suggesting that higher levels of discrimination may uniquely activate religious resources or coping strategies. Findings highlight the need for additional studies to examine the impact of everyday discrimination on risk of obesity across racial/ethnic communities and how religious practices or coping strategies might affect these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Clark Davidson
- Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Blake Victor Kent
- Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yvette C Cozier
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica T Warner
- Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alexandra E Shields
- Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Hesketh KD, Zheng M, Campbell KJ. Early life factors that affect obesity and the need for complex solutions. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01035-2. [PMID: 39313572 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity increases with age but is apparent even in early life. Early childhood is a critical period for development that is known to influence future health. Even so, the focus on obesity in this phase, and the factors that affect the development of obesity, has only emerged over the past two decades. Furthermore, there is a paucity of iterative work in this area that would move the field forward. Obesity is a complex condition involving the interplay of multiple influences at different levels: the individual and biological level, the sociocultural level, and the environmental and system levels. This Review provides a brief overview of the evidence for these factors with a focus on aspects specific to early life. By spotlighting the complex web of interactions between the broad range of influences, both causal and risk markers, we highlight the complex nature of the condition. Much work in the early life field remains observational and many of the intervention studies are limited by a focus on single influences and a disjointed approach to solutions. Yet the complexity of obesity necessitates coordinated multi-focused solutions and joined-up action across the first 2,000 days from conception, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Kumanyika SK. A Black American Nutrition Scholar and Advocate: My Journey. Annu Rev Nutr 2024; 44:1-24. [PMID: 38603557 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062322-030901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
I started my journey as a nutrition scholar in 1974 when I began PhD studies at Cornell University. My journey has been rich with opportunity. I engaged in research on diet-related risks for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, partly motivated by my strong commitment to addressing health disparities affecting Black Americans. Obesity became my major focus and would eventually involve both US and global lenses. This focus was also linked to other dietary intake issues and health disparities and drew on knowledge I had gained in my prior study and practice of social work. I positioned myself as a bridge builder across nutrition, epidemiology, and public health, advocating for certain new ways of thinking and acting in these spheres and in the academy itself. Life skills honed during my formative years living within racially segregated contexts have been critical to any successes I have achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiriki K Kumanyika
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tidwell Torres M, Bailey A, Riscia PM, Kang AW. A Systematic Narrative Review of Recent Obesity Interventions with Black Women in the United States. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02026-9. [PMID: 38771451 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is to comprehensively review recent obesity interventions for Black women in the United States. METHODS We searched PubMed and EBSCOhost for articles published between 2013 and 2022 using a comprehensive search strategy. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts. Data from the included articles were extracted. Qualitative themes related to the intervention designs were identified across studies. RESULTS Fifty-two studies were included in the review. Interventions typically aimed to reduce weight by targeting diet and/or physical activity. Intervention activities were delivered virtually and in-person via several formats including didactic content and interactive sessions. Outcomes were assessed through a variety of research designs. Across papers, we identified six key themes of intervention design: integration of technology, centering community and culture, personalization of content, use of social support, skill-building through intervention activities, and addressing comorbid health conditions. CONCLUSIONS To address the obesity epidemic, future research can build upon key lessons learned from recent interventions tailored to Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Tidwell Torres
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amelia Bailey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Patricia Markham Riscia
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Augustine W Kang
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Guzman S, Melara RD. Effects of Covid-19-related anxiety on overeating and weight gain in a diverse college sample. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38579128 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2337009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has been linked with caloric overeating and weight gain. We employed a mediation analysis to determine whether pandemic-associated overeating was a direct effect of Covid-19-related anxiety (affect regulation theory) or mediated by a coping mechanism of escape eating (escape theory). A diverse pool of college students participated in a repeated cross-sectional study during three separate waves: May 2021 (wave 1, n = 349), December 2021 (wave 2, n = 253), and March 2022 (wave 3, n = 132). The results revealed a significant indirect effect of Covid-19-related anxiety on high-caloric overeating mediated by escape eating, but no direct path between Covid-19-related anxiety and caloric overeating. Analysis of racial/ethnic status uncovered significantly greater Covid-weight gain in Hispanic participants compared with White, Black, and Asian participants. Our results suggest that Covid-19 weight gain is a byproduct of a mediated escape mechanism differentially affecting racial/ethnic groups.
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Tu B, Patel R, Pitalua M, Khan H, Gittner LS. Building effective intervention models utilizing big data to prevent the obesity epidemic. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:108-115. [PMID: 36870867 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The exposome consists of factors an individual is exposed to across the life course. The exposome is dynamic, meaning the factors are constantly changing, affecting each other and individuals in different ways. Our exposome dataset includes social determinants of health as well as policy, climate, environment, and economic factors that could impact obesity development. The objective was to translate spatial exposure to these factors with the presence of obesity into actionable population-based constructs that could be further explored. METHODS Our dataset was constructed from a combination of public-use datasets and the Center of Disease Control's Compressed Mortality File. Spatial Statistics using Queens First Order Analysis was performed to identify hot- and cold-spots of obesity prevalence; followed by Graph Analysis, Relational Analysis, and Exploratory Factor Analysis to model the multifactorial spatial connections. RESULTS Areas of high and low presence of obesity had different factors associated with obesity. Factors associated with obesity in areas of high obesity propensity were: poverty / unemployment; workload, comorbid conditions (diabetes, CVD) and physical activity. Conversely, factors associated in areas where obesity was rare were: smoking, lower education, poorer mental health, lower elevations, and heat. DISCUSSION The spatial methods described within the paper are scalable to large numbers of variables without issues of multiple comparisons lowering resolution. These types of spatial structural methods provide insights into novel variable associations or factor interactions that can then be studied further at the population or policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Tu
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Radha Patel
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mario Pitalua
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hafiz Khan
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Lisaann S Gittner
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Playdon M, Rogers TN, Brooks E, Petersen EM, Tavake-Pasi F, Lopez JA, Quintana X, Aitaoto N, Rogers CR. Sociocultural influences on dietary behavior and meal timing among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander women at risk of endometrial cancer: a qualitative investigation. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:23-37. [PMID: 36208351 PMCID: PMC9547093 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01628-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Determine sociocultural influences on dietary behavior, body image, weight loss, and perceptions of the cultural appropriateness of a meal-timing intervention design and menu among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) women at risk of endometrial cancer. METHODS Six 90-min videoconference focus groups among NHPI women (n = 35) recruited by a community champion in Utah. Eligible women were aged ≥ 18 years at risk of endometrial cancer (i.e., BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes or complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia) had a working cell phone capable of downloading a phone app, could use their cell phone during the day, and were not night-shift workers. Twelve semi-structured questions were posed during the focus groups. Using inductive qualitative methods based on Hatch's 9-step approach, de-identified transcript data were analyzed. RESULTS Overarching themes included economic factors, cultural influences, meal choice and timing, and perceptions of health. Subthemes included affordability, waste avoidance, inundated schedules, and cultural influences. Perceptions of body size and weight loss were influenced by family, community, and social media, whose messages could be conflicting. Important intervention components included satisfying, convenient pre-made meals, while barriers included the need to cook for family members. CONCLUSIONS Dietary interventions targeting metabolic health among NHPI women should consider the multitude of sociocultural and economic factors that influence food choices and meal timing in this population, including affordability, hectic schedules, and immigrant adjustment. Promoting the link between physical and mental well-being as opposed to weight loss is a key approach to reaching this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Playdon
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA ,grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, RN4511, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - T. N. Rogers
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096University of Utah David Eccles School of Business, Sorenson Impact Center, 85 Fort Douglas Blvd, Building #602, Salt Lake City, UT 84113 USA
| | - E. Brooks
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - E. M. Petersen
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - F. Tavake-Pasi
- National Tongan American Society, 5296 S Commerce Dr., Suite 204, Murray, UT 84117 USA
| | - J. A. Lopez
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - X. Quintana
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, RN4511, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - N. Aitaoto
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - C. R. Rogers
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Medical College of Wisconsin, Institute for Health & Equity, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
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Mude W, Nyanhanda T. Food behaviours and eating habits among Sub-Saharan African migrant mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. J Migr Health 2022; 7:100149. [PMID: 36686968 PMCID: PMC9850201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight, obesity and chronic conditions like diabetes, stroke and heart disease represent a significant burden to public health. Traditional foods and healthy dietary habits can reduce the risk of these conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore traditional food patterns and eating habits among Sub-Saharan African migrant mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. The study was a qualitative inquiry that used face-to-face interviews with 15 mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. Snowballing was used to sample participants, and data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analysed thematically. Four broad themes described participants' food behaviours and eating habits, including maintaining traditional food patterns, changes in traditional food patterns and eating habits, concerns with food environments in Australia, and challenges with traditional food availability and access in Australia. This study found that although mothers were committed to maintaining their traditional foods, they found it increasingly difficult to continue such habits. Participants reported challenges as their children are increasingly demanding westernised foods. While some parents pushed back against such demands from their children, others felt helpless and relented. Some views showed that food environments, food systems, access, and scarcity of traditional foods in Australia influenced the participants' food patterns and eating habits. Appropriately tailored healthy eating health promotion actions targeting school-aged children and mothers in this population need to consider their food contexts. Promoting the use of traditional foods, their preparation practices, and processing might be helpful in this community when developing healthy eating programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mude
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, 42-52 Abbott Street & Shields Street, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia,Corresponding author.
| | - Tafadzwa Nyanhanda
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
Population-based solutions are needed to stabilize and then reverse the continued upward trends in obesity prevalence in the US population and worldwide. This review focuses on the related, urgent issue of disparities in obesity prevalence affecting US racial/ethnic minority and other socially marginalized populations. The review provides background on these disparities from a health equity perspective and highlights evidence of progress in equity-focused obesity efforts. Five recommendations for advancing equity efforts are offered as potential approaches to build on progress to date: (a) give equity issues higher priority, (b) adopt a health equity lens, (c) strengthen approaches by using health equity frameworks, (d) broaden the types of policies considered, and (e) emphasize implementation science concepts and tools. Potential challenges and opportunities are identified, including the prospect of longer-term, transformative solutions that integrate global and national initiatives to address obesity, undernutrition, and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiriki K Kumanyika
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
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Hunter KE, Johnson BJ, Askie L, Golley RK, Baur LA, Marschner IC, Taylor RW, Wolfenden L, Wood CT, Mihrshahi S, Hayes AJ, Rissel C, Robledo KP, O'Connor DA, Espinoza D, Staub LP, Chadwick P, Taki S, Barba A, Libesman S, Aberoumand M, Smith WA, Sue-See M, Hesketh KD, Thomson JL, Bryant M, Paul IM, Verbestel V, Stough CO, Wen LM, Larsen JK, O'Reilly SL, Wasser HM, Savage JS, Ong KK, Salvy SJ, Messito MJ, Gross RS, Karssen LT, Rasmussen FE, Campbell K, Linares AM, Øverby NC, Palacios C, Joshipura KJ, González Acero C, Lakshman R, Thompson AL, Maffeis C, Oken E, Ghaderi A, Campos Rivera M, Pérez-Expósito AB, Banna JC, de la Haye K, Goran M, Røed M, Anzman-Frasca S, Taylor BJ, Seidler AL. Transforming Obesity Prevention for CHILDren (TOPCHILD) Collaboration: protocol for a systematic review with individual participant data meta-analysis of behavioural interventions for the prevention of early childhood obesity. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e048166. [PMID: 35058256 PMCID: PMC8783820 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Behavioural interventions in early life appear to show some effect in reducing childhood overweight and obesity. However, uncertainty remains regarding their overall effectiveness, and whether effectiveness differs among key subgroups. These evidence gaps have prompted an increase in very early childhood obesity prevention trials worldwide. Combining the individual participant data (IPD) from these trials will enhance statistical power to determine overall effectiveness and enable examination of individual and trial-level subgroups. We present a protocol for a systematic review with IPD meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of obesity prevention interventions commencing antenatally or in the first year after birth, and to explore whether there are differential effects among key subgroups. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Systematic searches of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycInfo and trial registries for all ongoing and completed randomised controlled trials evaluating behavioural interventions for the prevention of early childhood obesity have been completed up to March 2021 and will be updated annually to include additional trials. Eligible trialists will be asked to share their IPD; if unavailable, aggregate data will be used where possible. An IPD meta-analysis and a nested prospective meta-analysis will be performed using methodologies recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. The primary outcome will be body mass index z-score at age 24±6 months using WHO Growth Standards, and effect differences will be explored among prespecified individual and trial-level subgroups. Secondary outcomes include other child weight-related measures, infant feeding, dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, sleep, parenting measures and adverse events. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approved by The University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (2020/273) and Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee (HREC CIA2133-1). Results will be relevant to clinicians, child health services, researchers, policy-makers and families, and will be disseminated via publications, presentations and media releases. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020177408.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie E Hunter
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brittany J Johnson
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Askie
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Golley
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian C Marschner
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael W Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charles T Wood
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison J Hayes
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Rissel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristy P Robledo
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Denise A O'Connor
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Espinoza
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lukas P Staub
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Chadwick
- Centre For Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Taki
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angie Barba
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sol Libesman
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mason Aberoumand
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wendy A Smith
- Canterbury Community Health Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Campsie, New South Wales, Australia
- Consumer Representative, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Maria Bryant
- Department of Health Sciences and the Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ian M Paul
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vera Verbestel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Li Ming Wen
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Junilla K Larsen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sharleen L O'Reilly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Heather M Wasser
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer S Savage
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
- Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Mary Jo Messito
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachel S Gross
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Levie T Karssen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Finn E Rasmussen
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ana Maria Linares
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Nina Cecilie Øverby
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
| | - Cristina Palacios
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kaumudi J Joshipura
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Carolina González Acero
- Social Protection and Health Division, Inter-American Development Bank, Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Amanda L Thompson
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ata Ghaderi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ana B Pérez-Expósito
- Social Protection and Health Division, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jinan C Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Kayla de la Haye
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Goran
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Margrethe Røed
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
| | - Stephanie Anzman-Frasca
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Barry J Taylor
- Better Start National Science Challenge, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anna Lene Seidler
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Low Healthy Diet Self-Efficacy and Intentions Associated with High Sweet Snacks and Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption among African American Adolescents Recruited from Low-Income Neighborhoods in Baltimore. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124516. [PMID: 34960068 PMCID: PMC8707986 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial factors may influence consumption patterns of sweet snacks and sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), which are potential risk factors for obesity among African American (AA) adolescents. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to examine cross-sectional associations among psychosocial factors, sweet snacks and SSB consumption, and BMI z-scores in 437 AA adolescents aged 9-14 years living in low-income neighborhoods in Baltimore City, U.S.A. Mean caloric intake from sugar was 130.64 ± 88.37 kcal. Higher sweet snacks consumption was significantly associated with lower self-efficacy (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.71 to 0.93) and lower food intentions scores (0.43; 0.30 to 0.61). Higher SSB consumption was associated with lower outcome expectancies (aOR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.96-0.99), lower self-efficacy (0.98; 0.96 to 0.99), and lower food intentions (0.91; 0.87 to 0.95). No significant association was found between SSB and sweet snacks consumption and weight status. Psychosocial factors may play a role in sugar consumption behaviors among AA adolescents in low-income neighborhoods. Further studies are needed to improve our understanding of causal mechanisms of this association.
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Christiana RW, Besenyi GM, Gustat J, Horton TH, Penbrooke TL, Schultz CL. A Scoping Review of the Health Benefits of Nature-Based Physical Activity. JOURNAL OF HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIVING 2021; 1:154-172. [PMID: 37799195 PMCID: PMC10550037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of physical activity and spending time in nature are well established. However, youths and adults in the United States are not participating in sufficient levels of physical activity and are not spending much time outdoors. Recently, the need for equitable access to nature for all populations has been receiving more public health attention, though a specific focus on nature-based physical activity has been limited. The purpose of this scoping review is to operationalize the health benefits of nature-based physical activity in order to provide guidance for collaborations to program administrators, advocates, and researchers. Peer-reviewed literature is found in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar as well as in published reviews of the literature. The literature is divided into three categories of: 1) amount and location of nature-based components and physical activity; 2) added health benefits of exposure to nature-based components and physical activity; and 3) nature-based components and physical activity effect on non-white, marginalized, and vulnerable populations. This review supports and encourages multiple strategies to increase nature-based physical activity as this provides even greater benefit to health and wellness than exposure to nature or physical activity alone. Although many of the physical and mental health benefits of nature and physical activity are well established, additional research is needed to better understand the relationship between exposure to nature and nature-based physical activity, which will require greater investment and support from funding agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Christiana
- Appalachian State University, Beaver College of Health Sciences, United States
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Gina M Besenyi
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Kansas State University, College of Health and Human Sciences, United States
| | - Jeanette Gustat
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States
| | - Teresa H Horton
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Northwestern University, Department of Anthropology, United States
| | - Teresa L Penbrooke
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
- GP RED, Healthy Communities Research Group, Louisville, CO, United States
| | - Courtney L Schultz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Policy Research and Evaluation Network, Parks and Green Space Work Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Health & Technology Partners, LLC, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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13
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Lee YJ, Braun KL, Wu YY, Burrage R, Muneoka S, Browne C, Mokuau NK, Terada TM, Hossain MD. Physical Activity and Health Among Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander Older Adults. J Aging Health 2021; 34:120-129. [PMID: 34376094 DOI: 10.1177/08982643211032468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (NHPI) older adults often experience social disadvantages and poor health outcomes. Physical activity has been associated with better health in other racial groups, but limited studies have examined these associations in NHPI older adults. Methods: Using data from the 2014 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey (n = 1,045), logistic regression models examined associations between physical activity and memory/psychological distress/self-rated health. Results: Sufficient levels of physical activity were associated with lower odds of memory problems, serious psychological distress, and poor/fair self-rated health. Unfortunately, only half of the sample reported sufficient physical activity and approximately 30% reported none. Also, 78% of the sample was estimated to be overweight/obese, and 29% had diabetes. Discussion: Culturally-appropriate interventions are recommended to increase physical activity in this population, which could also help reduce high rates of overweight/obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjung J Lee
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kathryn L Braun
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yan Yan Wu
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rachel Burrage
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Shelley Muneoka
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Colette Browne
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Noreen K Mokuau
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tyran M Terada
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mohammad D Hossain
- Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, 3939University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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14
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Chen JY, Berner LA, Brown TA, Wierenga CE, Kaye WH. Associations of elevated weight status with symptom severity and treatment outcomes in binge/purge eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:621-626. [PMID: 33340380 PMCID: PMC8207454 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Binge-eating and purging behaviors commonly co-occur with overweight. However, little is known about the potential associations of elevated weight status with eating disorder severity or treatment outcomes. Thus, the present study compared binge-eating and purging patients with low, normal, and high weight statuses on eating disorder and mood symptoms at treatment admission, and tested whether weight status was associated with symptom change over treatment. METHOD The sample included 135 adult female patients in an intensive outpatient program, who completed self-assessments at admission and discharge. MANOVAs compared the groups at treatment admission, and multilevel models examined changes over time. RESULTS At admission, the high-weight group reported greater fasting frequency than the normal-weight group, and higher shape and weight concerns than the low-weight group. Over time, the high-weight group additionally showed higher eating disorder psychological symptom severity than the normal-weight group. The groups did not differ on mood symptoms at admission. Longitudinal results indicated that the groups showed comparable symptom improvements over treatment. DISCUSSION These findings highlight the severity of higher-weight patients with bulimia nervosa. Additionally, although these patients may present with more severe symptoms, their response to an intensive treatment may be comparable to that of normal- or lower-weight groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Y. Chen
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
| | - Laura A. Berner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Tiffany A. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego,San Diego State University Research Foundation
| | | | - Walter H. Kaye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
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15
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Pineda E, Bascunan J, Sassi F. Improving the school food environment for the prevention of childhood obesity: What works and what doesn't. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13176. [PMID: 33462933 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The food environment has a significant influence on dietary choices, and interventions designed to modify the food environment could contribute to the prevention of childhood obesity. Many interventions have been implemented at the school level, but effectiveness in addressing childhood obesity remains unclear. We undertook a systematic review, a meta-analysis, and meta-regression analyses to assess the effectiveness of interventions on the food environment within and around schools to improve dietary intake and prevent childhood obesity. Estimates were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis with stratification by anthropometric or dietary intake outcome. Risk of bias was formally assessed. One hundred papers were included. Interventions had a significant and meaningful effect on adiposity (body mass index [BMI] z score, standard mean difference: -0.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.10) and fruit consumption (portions per day, standard mean difference: +0.19, 95% confidence interval: 0.16, 0.22) but not on vegetable intake. Risk of bias assessment indicated that n = 43 (81%) of non-randomized controlled studies presented a high risk of bias in the study design by not accounting for a control. Attrition bias (n = 34, 79%) and low protection of potential contamination (n = 41, 95%) presented the highest risk of bias for randomized controlled trials. Changes in the school food environment could improve children's dietary behavior and BMI, but policy actions are needed to improve surrounding school food environments to sustain healthy dietary intake and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pineda
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation (CHEPI), Imperial College Business School, London, UK.,School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Josefina Bascunan
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation (CHEPI), Imperial College Business School, London, UK
| | - Franco Sassi
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation (CHEPI), Imperial College Business School, London, UK
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16
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Kenny TA, Little M, Lemieux T, Griffin PJ, Wesche SD, Ota Y, Batal M, Chan HM, Lemire M. The Retail Food Sector and Indigenous Peoples in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238818. [PMID: 33261090 PMCID: PMC7730644 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous Peoples in high-income countries experience higher burdens of food insecurity, obesity, and diet-related health conditions compared to national averages. The objective of this systematic scoping review is to synthesize information from the published literature on the methods/approaches, findings, and scope for research and interventions on the retail food sector servicing Indigenous Peoples in high-income countries. A structured literature search in two major international databases yielded 139 relevant peer-reviewed articles from nine countries. Most research was conducted in Oceania and North America, and in rural and remote regions. Several convergent issues were identified across global regions including limited grocery store availability/access, heightened exposure to unhealthy food environments, inadequate market food supplies (i.e., high prices, limited availability, and poor quality), and common underlying structural factors including socio-economic inequality and colonialism. A list of actions that can modify the nature and structure of retailing systems to enhance the availability, accessibility, and quality of healthful foods is identified. While continuing to (re)align research with community priorities, international collaboration may foster enhanced opportunities to strengthen the evidence base for policy and practice and contribute to the amelioration of diet quality and health at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiff-Annie Kenny
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Quebec, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Matthew Little
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Tad Lemieux
- Department of English Language and Literature, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - P. Joshua Griffin
- School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; (P.J.G.); (Y.O.)
- Department of American Indian Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sonia D. Wesche
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, Faculty of Arts, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Yoshitaka Ota
- School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; (P.J.G.); (Y.O.)
- Nippon Foundation Ocean Nexus Center, EarthLab, University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Malek Batal
- Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Montreal, Quebec, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 9A7, Canada;
| | - Melanie Lemire
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Quebec, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Strugnell C, Mathrani S, Sollars L, Swinburn B, Copley V. Variation in the Socioeconomic Gradient of Obesity by Ethnicity - England's National Child Measurement Programme. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1951-1963. [PMID: 32886431 PMCID: PMC7540500 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence and risk of overweight/obesity among expanded ethnicity categories within boys and girls in England and the differential influence of socioeconomic position using the 2015/2016 and the 2016/2017 cycles of the National Child Measurement Programme. METHODS This cross-sectional and descriptive study examined surveillance data of weight status among primary school children in England. Data were pooled across data collection years, representing 1.25 million children in Reception (aged 4-5 years) and 1.1 million children in Year 6 (aged 10-11 years). Ethnicity was classified according to National Health Service definitions, and child residence was used to calculate quintiles of Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index. Measured weight status was classified using the International Obesity Task Force's definition. Logistic regression models were run for each sex and year group. RESULTS Within each sex, ethnicity- and socioeconomic-specific differentials in overweight/obesity prevalence were evident. For example, among the five most populous ethnic groups in the most deprived quintile, 26.8% of White British girls in Reception had overweight/obesity compared with 20.7% of girls with Pakistani, 31.2% with Black African, 17.1% with Indian, and 22.2% with any Any Other White (e.g., White European) background. CONCLUSIONS Ethnicity had an independent influence on overweight/obesity risk after adjustment for socioeconomic position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong AustraliaGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shireen Mathrani
- Health Improvement DirectorateRisk Factors IntelligencePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
| | - Loretta Sollars
- Health Improvement DirectorateLife CoursePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
| | - Boyd Swinburn
- School of Population HealthUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Vicky Copley
- Health Improvement DirectorateRisk Factors IntelligencePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
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18
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Stein RA, Ometa O. When public health crises collide: Social disparities and COVID-19. Int J Clin Pract 2020; 74:e13524. [PMID: 32408388 PMCID: PMC7261993 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Stein
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNYU Tandon School of EngineeringBrooklynNYUSA
- Department of Natural SciencesLaGuardia Community CollegeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Oana Ometa
- Journalism and Digital Media DepartmentFaculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences Babes‐BolyaiBabes‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
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19
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Brown J, Kapurubandara S, McGee TM. Confounding effect of ethnic diversity on booking-in body mass index and prevalence of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders in pregnant women in western Sydney 1997-2016. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2019; 60:369-375. [PMID: 31591712 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is a key risk factor for morbidity in pregnancy. Accurate data on trends in obesity are required in high-risk populations such as in western Sydney to implement effective policy. AIMS This study examines multi-site public hospital data on maternal ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertension across 20 years in Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of all women who delivered a live birth beyond 20 weeks at Westmead, Blacktown and Auburn Hospitals (WSLHD) between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2016. RESULTS There were 112 308 pregnant women included. Between 1997 and 2006, mean booking-in BMI climbed from 24.9 (median 23.9) to peak at 26.2 (24.9). It then fell to 25.3 (24.1) in 2012 before rising to 25.6 (24.4) in 2016. Rates of hypertensive disorders changed little over the period, with a small fall in pre-eclampsia. In contrast, there was a progressive upward trend in the prevalence of GDM, accelerating considerably after 2010. These trends were associated with a shifting ethnic profile with proportions of Australia/New Zealand-born women falling from 56.9% to 36.8%, while those from South Asia increased from 4.5% to 26.3%. CONCLUSIONS Western Sydney booking-in BMI fluctuated between 1997 and 2016, reaching its peak in 2006. Despite this, rates of GDM progressively rose, with one in six mothers in western Sydney now diagnosed with some form of the condition. Both patterns are associated with a notable shift in the ethnic profile of patients booking-in to antenatal care in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Brown
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Supuni Kapurubandara
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Therese M McGee
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Roth TC, Kozikowski CB, Nelson TD. JPP Student Journal Club Commentary: From Clinic to Community: Translating Obesity Intervention Research Findings to Applications. J Pediatr Psychol 2019; 44:902-904. [PMID: 31361001 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C Roth
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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21
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Kumanyika S. Overcoming Inequities in Obesity: What Don't We Know That We Need to Know? HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 46:721-727. [PMID: 31375036 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119867319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to combat the U.S. obesity epidemic have been ongoing in earnest for nearly two decades, informed by a substantial body of knowledge and guided by numerous programmatic and policy recommendations. Yet, although there are some bright spots, I sense frustration in the public health community with the overall lack of clear progress in lowering high obesity prevalence. The fact that something is missing from current approaches is undeniable and must be a continued source of inquiry. This commentary focuses attention on an aspect that is especially concerning-inequities that predispose to a notably higher obesity prevalence in U.S. racial/ethnic minority populations compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Critical analyses of what we are doing now can point the way to improvements in both individually oriented and policy, systems, and environmental change strategies to overcome the epidemic. Success will require working with communities to co-design relevant and realistic interventions as well as broader social changes that address underlying causes.
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