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Gonzalez-Jaramillo N, Abbühl D, Roa-Díaz ZM, Kobler-Betancourt C, Frahsa A. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the general population and under-resourced communities from high-income countries: realist review. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084560. [PMID: 38631831 PMCID: PMC11029206 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare vaccination willingness before rollout and 1 year post-rollout uptake among the general population and under-resourced communities in high-income countries. DESIGN A realist review. DATA SOURCES Embase, PubMed, Dimensions ai and Google Scholar. SETTING High-income countries. DEFINITIONS We defined vaccination willingness as the proportion of participants willing or intending to receive vaccines prior to availability. We defined vaccine uptake as the real proportion of the population with complete vaccination as reported by each country until November 2021. RESULTS We included data from 62 studies and 18 high-income countries. For studies conducted among general populations, the proportion of vaccination willingness was 67% (95% CI 62% to 72%). In real-world settings, the overall proportion of vaccine uptake among those countries was 73% (95% CI 69% to 76%). 17 studies reported pre-rollout willingness for under-resourced communities. The summary proportion of vaccination willingness from studies reporting results among people from under-resourced communities was 52% (95% CI 0.46% to 0.57%). Real-world evidence about vaccine uptake after rollout among under-resourced communities was limited. CONCLUSION Our review emphasises the importance of realist reviews for assessing vaccine acceptance. Limited real-world evidence about vaccine uptake among under-resourced communities in high-income countries is a call to context-specific actions and reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Abbühl
- ISPM, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zayne Milena Roa-Díaz
- ISPM, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Gubari MIM, Wadi F, Hama-Ghareeb KA, Fatah FH, Hosseini M, Wale KR, Hipgrave D, Ali SR, Mahmood SO, Ezzat Khadium W, Mohammed HH, Jaafer SF, Al Saadi NM, Mohammed KA, Saeed SS, Mohammad MY, Khudhur WH, Wael Saleh M, Sheat YS, Ibrahim KK, Nabeil Salah M, Abdullah AH, Omer DS, Ghafur RN, Mustafa KA, Faraj AO, Ali TB, Aziz Enayat K, Wahab RA, Ali Al-Jaf IA, Hama Amin NH, Jaff DD, Bra AM, Ahmed SK, Rasool BN, Jamal FK, Mohammed TD, Azeez MA. COVID-19 Vaccination Among Diverse Population Groups in the Northern Governorates of Iraq. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605736. [PMID: 38090666 PMCID: PMC10713705 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study was carried out to investigate COVID-19 vaccination coverage among populations of internally displaced persons (IDPs), refugees, and host communities in northern Iraq and the related underlying factors. Methods: Through a cross-sectional study conducted in five governorates in April-May 2022, 4,564 individuals were surveyed. Data were collected through an adapted questionnaire designed to gather data on participants. Results: 4,564 subjects were included (59.55% were 19-45 years old; 54.51% male). 50.48% of the participants (51.49% of host communities, 48.83% of IDPs, and 45.87% of refugees) had been vaccinated with at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. 40.84% of participants (42.28% of host communities, 35.75% of IDPs, and 36.14% of refugees) had been vaccinated by two doses, and 1.56% (1.65% of host communities, 0.93% of IDPs, and 1.46% of refugees) were vaccinated with three doses. Conclusion: Sociodemographic factors including age, gender, education, occupation, and nationality could affect vaccination coverage. Moreover, higher acceptance rate of vaccination is associated with belief in vaccine safety and effectiveness and trust in the ability of the vaccine to prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Falah Wadi
- United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Fatah H. Fatah
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Karzan Rafiq Wale
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - David Hipgrave
- United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Iraq Country Office, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sazan Raouf Ali
- Department of Planning, Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | | | | | | | - Sara Feal Jaafer
- Public Health Department, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Najeeb Mohammed Al Saadi
- Expanded Program on Immunization Section—Mother and Child Healthcare Department, Directorate of Preventive Health Affairs, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Kardar Anwar Mohammed
- Expanded Program on Immunization Section—Mother and Child Healthcare Department, Directorate of Preventive Health Affairs, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Shireen Salih Saeed
- Expanded Program on Immunization Section—Mother and Child Healthcare Department, Directorate of Preventive Health Affairs, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Yousif Mohammad
- Expanded Program on Immunization Section—Mother and Child Healthcare Department, Directorate of Preventive Health Affairs, Duhok, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dashne Shamall Omer
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | | | | | - Aryan Othman Faraj
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Trifa Bhjat Ali
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Kamal Aziz Enayat
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Ronak Assi Wahab
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | | | - Nazanin Hama Hama Amin
- Directorate of Preventive Health Department, General Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq
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Smith LE, Potts HW, Brainard J, May T, Oliver I, Amlôt R, Yardley L, Rubin GJ. Did mpox knowledge, attitudes and beliefs affect intended behaviour in the general population and men who are gay, bisexual and who have sex with men? An online cross-sectional survey in the UK. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070882. [PMID: 37827743 PMCID: PMC10583036 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate rates of mpox beliefs, knowledge and intended behaviours in the general population and in gay, bisexual or other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), and factors associated with intended behaviours. To test the impact of motivational messages (vs a factual control) on intended behaviours. DESIGN Cross-sectional online survey including a nested randomised controlled trial. SETTING Data collected from 5 September 2022 to 6 October 2022. PARTICIPANTS Participants were aged 18 years or over and lived in the UK (general population). In addition, GBMSM were male, and gay, bisexual or had sex with men. The general population sample was recruited through a market research company. GBMSM were recruited through a market research company, the dating app Grindr and targeted adverts on Meta (Facebook and Instagram). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intention to self-isolate, seek medical help, stop all sexual contact, share details of recent sexual contacts and accept vaccination. RESULTS Sociodemographic characteristics differed by sample. There was no effect of very brief motivational messaging on behavioural intentions. Respondents from Grindr and Meta were more likely to intend to seek help immediately, completely stop sexual behaviour and be vaccinated or intend to be vaccinated, but being less likely to intend to self-isolate (ps<0.001). In the general population sample, intending to carry out protective behaviours was generally associated with being female, older, having less financial hardship, greater worry, higher perceived risk to others and higher perceived susceptibility to and severity of mpox (ps<0.001). There were fewer associations with behaviours in the Grindr sample, possibly due to reduced power. CONCLUSIONS GBMSM were more likely to intend to enact protective behaviours, except for self-isolation. This may reflect targeted public health efforts and engagement with this group. Associations with socioeconomic factors suggest that providing financial support may encourage people to engage with protective behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E Smith
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Ww Potts
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Julii Brainard
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Tom May
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Lucy Yardley
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - G James Rubin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Mitra A, Verbakel JY, Kasaven LS, Tzafetas M, Grewal K, Jones B, Bennett PR, Kyrgiou M, Saso S. The menstrual cycle and the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290413. [PMID: 37819943 PMCID: PMC10566721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of COVID-19 virus on menstrual cycles in unvaccinated women is limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of changes to menstrual cycle characteristics, hormonal symptoms and lifestyle changes prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A retrospective online cross-sectional survey completed by social media users between July 2020 to October 2020. Participants were living in the United Kingdom (UK), premenopausal status and, or over 18 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURES(S) The primary outcome was to assess changes to menstrual cycle characteristics during the pandemic following the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES). Secondary outcomes included assessment of hormonal and lifestyle changes. RESULTS 15,611 social media users completed the survey. Of which, 75% of participants experienced a change in their menstrual cycle, with significantly greater proportions reporting irregular menstrual cycles (P<0·001), bleeding duration more than seven days (P<0·001), longer mean cycle length (P<0·001) and overall bleeding duration (P<0·001). Over half the participants reported worsening of premenstrual symptoms including low mood/depression, anxiety and irritability. When stratified according to COVID-19 infection, there was no significant difference in menstrual cycle changes. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in considerable variation in menstrual cycle characteristics and hormonal symptoms. This appears to be related to societal and lifestyle changes resulting from the pandemic, rather than to the virus itself. We believe this may have an impact on the individual, as well as national economy, healthcare, and population levels, and therefore suggest this should be taken into consideration by governments, healthcare providers and employers when developing pandemic recovery plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mitra
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Y. Verbakel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine S. Kasaven
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cutrale and Perioperative Ageing Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Menelaos Tzafetas
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Grewal
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Jones
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip R. Bennett
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Srdjan Saso
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Ba Z, Yang A, Zhu S, Li Y, Ma J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Chen F. Comprehensive evaluation of the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on female fertility: A retrospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29161. [PMID: 37814968 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Fear of possible negative effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine on fertility is the main reason for vaccine hesitancy among the public especially women of childbearing age. Despite the high coverage of COVID-19 vaccination in China, more scientific evidence is still needed to address their concerns and guide fertility counseling and management in the future. Herein, we performed a retrospective cohort study at a single large center for reproductive medicine in China between August 2020 and May 2023. Patients aged 20-42 years with no history of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included and categorized into different groups according to their vaccination status. The serum sex hormone levels, anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated and compared among them. We found there were no significant differences in the concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone between the unvaccinated, first-dose, second-dose, and booster vaccinated groups. However, the estradiol showed a highly significant increase in the one-dose vaccinated group compared with its levels in other groups. Among unvaccinated and either vaccinated patients, anti-Müllerian hormone levels were comparable (p = 0.139). The number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate and good-quality embryo rate were all similar between each group of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. No significant differences were observed regarding other laboratory parameters. Moreover, the vaccination status of infertile couples did not exert any adverse effect on the pregnancy outcomes in all assisted reproductive technologies cycles. In short, we comprehensively evaluated the reproductive safety of inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine and found any dose of vaccination wouldn't negatively affect female fertility parameters such as sex hormone levels and ovarian reserve. Moreover, this is the first study to complete the live birth follow-up of the cohort after receiving inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine, further dispelling the misconception and providing reassurance for decision-making by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaihua Ba
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Aijun Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shiheng Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zewu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
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Smith LE, Sim J, Cutts M, Dasch H, Amlôt R, Sevdalis N, Rubin GJ, Sherman SM. Psychosocial factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the UK: A prospective cohort study (CoVAccS - Wave 3). Vaccine X 2023; 13:100276. [PMID: 36819214 PMCID: PMC9924044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake, future vaccination intentions, and changes in beliefs and attitudes over time. Methods Prospective cohort study. 1500 participants completed an online survey in January 2021 (T1, start of vaccine rollout in the UK), of whom 1148 (response rate 76.5 %) completed another survey in October 2021 (T2, all UK adults offered two vaccine doses). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with subsequent vaccine uptake. Content analysis was used to investigate the main reasons behind future vaccine intentions (T2). Changes in beliefs and attitudes were investigated using analysis of variance. Findings At T2, 90.0 % (95 % CI 88.2-91.7 %) of participants had received two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine, 2.2 % (95 % CI 1.3-3.0 %) had received one dose, and 7.4 % (95 % CI 5.9-8.9 %) had not been vaccinated. Uptake was associated with higher intention to be vaccinated at T1, greater perceived vaccination social norms, necessity of vaccination, and perceived safety of the vaccine. People who had initiated vaccination reported being likely to complete it, while those who had not yet received a vaccine reported being unlikely to be vaccinated in the future. At T2, participants perceived greater susceptibility to, but lower severity of, COVID-19 (p < 0.001) than at T1. Perceived safety and adequacy of vaccine information were higher (p < 0.001). Interpretation Targeting modifiable beliefs about the safety and effectiveness of vaccination may increase uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E. Smith
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, UK,Corresponding author at: Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, Weston Education Centre, Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Julius Sim
- School of Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | | | - Hannah Dasch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK,Centre for Implementation Science, King’s College London, UK
| | - Richard Amlôt
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, UK,Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, UK
| | - Nick Sevdalis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK,Centre for Implementation Science, King’s College London, UK
| | - G. James Rubin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, UK
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COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among University Students and Lecturers in Different Provinces of Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030683. [PMID: 36992268 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic imposed a pressing global threat. Vaccines against COVID-19 are a key tool to control the ongoing pandemic. The success of COVID-19 vaccination programs will largely depend on public willingness to receive the vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among university students and lecturers in four different provinces of Indonesia. An anonymous, cross-sectional study was conducted online among university students and lecturers in Indonesia between 23 December 2020 and 15 February 2021. Of 3433 respondents, 50.3% stated that they would accept COVID-19 vaccination, while 10.7% expressed unwillingness and 39% were not sure about receiving the vaccine. Concern regarding the side effects after COVID-19 vaccination was the main reason among the participants for not willing to receive the vaccine. Being male, associated with the health sector, having a higher monthly expenditure and having health insurance could increase the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. Low trust in the government and low confidence towards vaccine safety and efficacy could hinder participants’ decision to be vaccinated. Simple, clear and fact-based information from trusted sources on a regular basis will be important for building confidence towards the COVID-19 vaccination program in Indonesia.
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Mavragani A, Suh YK. A Comprehensive Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Discourse by Vaccine Brand on Twitter in Korea: Topic and Sentiment Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42623. [PMID: 36603153 PMCID: PMC9891356 DOI: 10.2196/42623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unprecedented speed of COVID-19 vaccine development and approval has raised public concern about its safety. However, studies on public discourses and opinions on social media focusing on adverse events (AEs) related to COVID-19 vaccine are rare. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze Korean tweets about COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax) after the vaccine rollout, explore the topics and sentiments of tweets regarding COVID-19 vaccines, and examine their changes over time. We also analyzed topics and sentiments focused on AEs related to vaccination using only tweets with terms about AEs. METHODS We devised a sophisticated methodology consisting of 5 steps: keyword search on Twitter, data collection, data preprocessing, data analysis, and result visualization. We used the Twitter Representational State Transfer application programming interface for data collection. A total of 1,659,158 tweets were collected from February 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022. Finally, 165,984 data points were analyzed after excluding retweets, news, official announcements, advertisements, duplicates, and tweets with <2 words. We applied a variety of preprocessing techniques that are suitable for the Korean language. We ran a suite of analyses using various Python packages, such as latent Dirichlet allocation, hierarchical latent Dirichlet allocation, and sentiment analysis. RESULTS The topics related to COVID-19 vaccines have a very large spectrum, including vaccine-related AEs, emotional reactions to vaccination, vaccine development and supply, and government vaccination policies. Among them, the top major topic was AEs related to COVID-19 vaccination. The AEs ranged from the adverse reactions listed in the safety profile (eg, myalgia, fever, fatigue, injection site pain, myocarditis or pericarditis, and thrombosis) to unlisted reactions (eg, irregular menstruation, changes in appetite and sleep, leukemia, and deaths). Our results showed a notable difference in the topics for each vaccine brand. The topics pertaining to the Pfizer vaccine mainly mentioned AEs. Negative public opinion has prevailed since the early stages of vaccination. In the sentiment analysis based on vaccine brand, the topics related to the Pfizer vaccine expressed the strongest negative sentiment. CONCLUSIONS Considering the discrepancy between academic evidence and public opinions related to COVID-19 vaccination, the government should provide accurate information and education. Furthermore, our study suggests the need for management to correct the misinformation related to vaccine-related AEs, especially those affecting negative sentiments. This study provides valuable insights into the public discourses and opinions regarding COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Kyoon Suh
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Data Convergence Computing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Emire MS, Shiferaw BZ. Attitudes towards receiving COVID-19 vaccine and its associated factors among Southwest Ethiopian adults, 2021. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280633. [PMID: 36689539 PMCID: PMC9870108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many countries around the world are still affected by the global pandemic of coronavirus disease. The vaccine is the most effective method of controlling Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, attitudes toward vaccination are heavily affected by different factors besides vaccine availability. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine community attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15th to December 15th, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 364 participants in the study area. An interview-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data; the data was entered into Epidata 3.1 version, and then exported to SPSS version 23 for further analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the characteristics of study participants. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses with a p-value of less than 0.05 were used as a measure of significance. RESULTS In this study, 44.7% of study participants had a favorable attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Perceived potential vaccine harm [AOR: 1.85; 95% CI (1.15-2.96)], Having ever had a chronic disease [AOR: 3.22; 95% CI (2.02-5.14)], community belief on the effectiveness of the vaccine [AOR: 2.02; 95% CI (1.27-3.22)], and average monthly income 3001-5000 ETB [AOR: 0.54; 95% CI (0.30-0.97)], average monthly income 5001-10000 ETB [AOR: 0.48; 95% CI(0.27-0.86)] were statistically significantly towards COVID-19 vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Overall, less than half of the participants had a favorable attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Perceived potential vaccine harm, having ever had a chronic disease, community belief in the effectiveness of the vaccine, and average monthly income were determinant factors of the community's attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. As a result, information conversation with the community's awareness of the COVID-19 vaccination in reducing vaccine-related suspicion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamo Solomon Emire
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Bisrat Zeleke Shiferaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Barh D, Uversky V, Aljabali AA, Tambuwala MM, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Alshammeri S, Lundstrom K. Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to? Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020208. [PMID: 36851087 PMCID: PMC9960675 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, as of January 2023, more than 850 million cases and over 6.6 million deaths from COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. Currently, the death rate has been reduced due to the decreased pathogenicity of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, but the major factor in the reduced death rates is the administration of more than 12.8 billion vaccine doses globally. While the COVID-19 vaccines are saving lives, serious side effects have been reported after vaccinations for several premature non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the reported adverse events are low in number. The scientific community must investigate the entire spectrum of COVID-19-vaccine-induced complications so that necessary safety measures can be taken, and current vaccines can be re-engineered to avoid or minimize their side effects. We describe in depth severe adverse events for premature metabolic, mental, and neurological disorders; cardiovascular, renal, and autoimmune diseases, and reproductive health issues detected after COVID-19 vaccinations and whether these are causal or incidental. In any case, it has become clear that the benefits of vaccinations outweigh the risks by a large margin. However, pre-existing conditions in vaccinated individuals need to be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Vladimir Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alaa A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alshammeri
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth Lundstrom
- PanTherapeutics, Route de Lavaux 49, CH1095 Lutry, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
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11
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Smith LE, Sim J, Sherman SM, Amlôt R, Cutts M, Dasch H, Sevdalis N, Rubin GJ. Psychological factors associated with reporting side effects following COVID-19 vaccination: A prospective cohort study (CoVAccS - Wave 3). J Psychosom Res 2023; 164:111104. [PMID: 36495757 PMCID: PMC9708101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate symptom reporting following the first and second COVID-19 vaccine doses, attribution of symptoms to the vaccine, and factors associated with symptom reporting. METHODS Prospective cohort study (T1: 13-15 January 2021, T2: 4-15 October 2021). Participants were aged 18 years or older, living in the UK. Personal, clinical, and psychological factors were investigated at T1. Symptoms were reported at T2. We used logistic regression analyses to investigate associations. RESULTS After the first COVID-19 vaccine dose, 74.1% (95% CI 71.4% to 76.7%, n = 762/1028) of participants reported at least one injection-site symptom, while 65.0% (95% CI 62.0% to 67.9%, n = 669/1029) reported at least one other (non-injection-site) symptom. Symptom reporting was associated with being a woman and younger. After the second dose, 52.9% (95% CI 49.8% to 56.0%, n = 532/1005) of participants reported at least one injection-site symptom and 43.7% (95% CI 40.7% to 46.8%, n = 440/1006) reported at least one other (non-injection-site) symptom. Symptom reporting was associated with having reported symptoms after the first dose, having an illness that put one at higher risk of COVID-19 (non-injection-site symptoms only), and not believing that one had enough information about COVID-19 to make an informed decision about vaccination (injection-site symptoms only). CONCLUSIONS Women and younger people were more likely to report symptoms from vaccination. People who had reported symptoms from previous doses were also more likely to report symptoms subsequently, although symptom reporting following the second vaccine was lower than following the first vaccine. Few psychological factors were associated with symptom reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E. Smith
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Weston Education Centre, King’s College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, Weston Education Centre, King’s College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK,Corresponding author at: Department of Psychological Medicine, Weston Education Centre, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Julius Sim
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, University Road, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Susan M. Sherman
- School of Psychology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Richard Amlôt
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, Weston Education Centre, King’s College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK,UK Health Security Agency, Chief Scientific Officer’s Group, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3HX, UK
| | - Megan Cutts
- School of Psychology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Hannah Dasch
- Centre for Implementation Science, NIHR ARC South London, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Nick Sevdalis
- Centre for Implementation Science, NIHR ARC South London, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G. James Rubin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Weston Education Centre, King’s College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, Weston Education Centre, King’s College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK
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12
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Smith LE, Sherman SM, Sim J, Amlôt R, Cutts M, Dasch H, Sevdalis N, Rubin GJ. Parents' intention to vaccinate their child for COVID-19: A mixed-methods study (CoVAccS-wave 3). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279285. [PMID: 36574421 PMCID: PMC9794060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate UK parents' vaccination intention at a time when COVID-19 vaccination was available to some children. METHODS Data reported are from the second wave of a prospective cohort study. We conducted a mixed-methods study using an online survey of 270 UK parents (conducted 4-15 October 2021). At this time, vaccination was available to 16- and 17-year-olds and had become available to 12- to 15-year-olds two weeks prior. We asked participants whose child had not yet been vaccinated how likely they were to vaccinate their child for COVID-19. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate factors associated with intention (quantitative component). Parents were also asked for their main reasons behind vaccination intention. Open-ended responses were analysed using content analysis (qualitative component). RESULTS Parental vaccination intention was mixed (likely: 39.3%, 95% CI 32.8%, 45.7%; uncertain: 33.9%, 95% CI 27.7%, 40.2%; unlikely: 26.8%, 95% CI 20.9%, 32.6%). Intention was associated with: parental COVID-19 vaccination status; greater perceived necessity and social norms regarding COVID-19 vaccination; greater COVID-19 threat appraisal; and lower vaccine safety and novelty concerns. In those who intended to vaccinate their child, the main reasons for doing so were to protect the child and others. In those who did not intend to vaccinate their child, the main reason was safety concerns. CONCLUSIONS Parent COVID-19 vaccination status and psychological factors explained a large percentage of the variance in vaccination intention for one's child. Further study is needed to see whether parents' intention to vaccinate their child is affected by fluctuating infection rates, more children being vaccinated, and the UK's reliance on vaccination as a strategy to live with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E. Smith
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, England
- * E-mail:
| | - Susan M. Sherman
- Keele University, School of Psychology, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Julius Sim
- Keele University, School of Medicine, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Amlôt
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, England
- UK Health Security Agency, Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, England
| | - Megan Cutts
- Keele University, School of Psychology, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Dasch
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, Centre for Implementation Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Sevdalis
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, Centre for Implementation Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - G. James Rubin
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, England
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13
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Williams L, Gallant A, Brown L, Corrigan K, Crowe K, Hendry E. Barriers and facilitators to the future uptake of regular COVID-19 booster vaccinations among young adults in the UK. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2129238. [PMID: 36194693 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2129238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The evidence of waning immunity offered by COVID-19 vaccines suggests that widespread and regular uptake of routine COVID-19 booster vaccines will be needed. In order to understand the hesitancy toward COVID-19 boosters, we examined the barriers and facilitators to receiving regular COVID-19 boosters in a sample of young adults in the UK. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 423 participants (M = 22.8; SD = 8.6 years) and assessed intention to receive regular COVID-19 boosters, the 7C antecedents of vaccination (i.e. confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, collective responsibility, and compliance and conspiracy), and any previous experience of side-effects from COVID-19 vaccines. Participants also provided a free text qualitative response outlining their barriers and facilitators to receiving regular COVID-19 boosters. Overall, 42.8% of the sample were hesitant about receiving regular COVID-19 boosters. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that intention to accept future boosters was associated with having higher levels of confidence in, and compliance with, vaccines, lower levels of complacency, calculation and perceptions of constraints to vaccination, and having experienced less severe side effects from the COVID-19 vaccines. Qualitative responses highlighted the main barriers included experiencing side effects with previous COVID-19 vaccines and inaccessibility of vaccination services. Key facilitators included protecting the health of friends and family members, protecting personal health, and maintaining regular activities. Our findings suggest that interventions targeted at increasing booster uptake should address the experience of side effects while also emphasizing the positive vaccine benefits relating to the individual's health and the maintenance of their regular work and social activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Williams
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Lily Brown
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathleen Corrigan
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katrina Crowe
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emma Hendry
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Insights into Controlling the Spread of COVID-19: A Study Inspired by Seven of the Earliest Vaccinated Countries. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:4533957. [PMID: 36176969 PMCID: PMC9514916 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4533957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of the study is to derive deeper insights into the control of the spread of COVID-19 during the second half of 2021, from seven countries that are among the earliest to have accelerated the deployment of COVID-19 vaccines. Methodology. This study used data from the Global COVID-19 Index and Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. Data was extracted on the 5th of each month from July to December 2021. Seven countries were selected—United Kingdom, United States of America, Israel, Canada, France, Italy, and Austria. The sample comprised number of new cases, hospitalisations, ICU admissions and deaths due to COVID-19, government stringency measures, partial and full vaccination coverage, and changes in human mobility. Principal component analysis was conducted, and the results were interpreted and visualized through 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional plots to reveal the systematic patterns of the data. Results The first three principal components captured around 77.3% of variance in the data. The first component was driven by the spread of COVID-19 (31.6%), the second by mobility activities (transit, retail, and recreational) (24.3%), whereas the third by vaccination coverage, workplace-related mobility, and government stringency measures (21.4%). Visualizations showed lower or moderate levels of severity in COVID-19 during this period for most countries. By contrast, the surge in the USA was more severe especially in September 2021. Human mobility activities peaked in September for most countries and then receded in the following months as more stringent government measures were imposed, and countries began to grapple with a surge in COVID-19 cases. Conclusion This study delineated the spread of COVID-19, human mobility patterns, widespread vaccination coverage, and government stringency measures on the overall control of COVID-19. While at least moderate levels of stringency measures are needed, high vaccine coverage is particularly important in curbing the spread of this disease.
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15
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Childers-Strawbridge S, Eiden AL, Nyaku MK, Bhatti AA. Attitudes and Beliefs around the Value of Vaccination in the United States. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091470. [PMID: 36146548 PMCID: PMC9501875 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the benefits of immunization, differences in attitudes persist toward vaccines. We captured individuals’ perceptions of vaccines and vaccination across the United States (US) to inform vaccine-related policy development. A survey was completed by 5000 respondents from 10 states. Respondents were screened for inclusion, which included individuals ≥ 18 years of age that had received a vaccine or were unvaccinated but indicated a favorable or neutral attitude towards vaccinations. Participants were excluded if they indicated they did not support the idea of vaccinations. Questions explored perceptions of vaccines for all age groups. Among unvaccinated individuals, the most common concerns were about safety (38%). Most respondents (95%) highlighted the importance of state immunization programs for disease prevention. Access to health and immunization records and immunization information systems were important to 96% and 88% of respondents, respectively, for future health planning. Doctors and healthcare professionals (HCPs) were considered trusted sources for vaccine information (95%). Overall, respondents recognized the importance of vaccination, but documented concerns among the unvaccinated indicated a need for greater promotion regarding vaccine safety. Doctors and HCPs, as trusted information sources, should continue to and increasingly advocate for the importance of immunization to increase vaccine uptake.
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16
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Alarcón-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Salazar-Valdivia FE, Valdez-Cornejo VA, Mosquera-Rojas MD, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Rondon-Saldaña JC, Zafra-Tanaka JH. Acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102369. [PMID: 35680058 PMCID: PMC9169427 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination represents an important strategy to mitigate COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality by protecting against severe forms of the disease and reducing hospitalization and death rates. In this sense, the objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of Vaccination Intention (VI) against COVID-19 in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC). METHODS We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search strategy for the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. A random-effect model meta-analysis was carried out using observational studies assessing the intention to vaccines against COVID-19 in LAC countries. The Clopper-Pearson method was used to estimate 95% Confidence Intervals. The quality assessment was developed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. A subgroup analysis by study location and a sensitivity analysis were developed. RESULTS Nineteen cross-sectional studies were included. Five meta-analyzes were performed according to the target population of the included studies. The VI in the general population of LAC was 78.0% (95%CI: 74.0%-82.0%). The VI for non-pregnant women was 78.0% (95%CI: 58.0%-99.0%), for elderly population was 63.0% (95%CI: 59.0%-69.0%), for pregnant women was 69.0% (95%CI: 61.0%-76.0%) and for health-personnel was 83.0% (95% CI: 71.0%-96.0%). The sensitivity analysis for general population meta-analysis that included only low risk of bias studies showed a 77.0% VI (95%CI: 73.0%-82.0%) and for non-pregnant women, 85.0% VI (95%CI: 79.0%-90.0%). CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of VI in general population found in our study, VI prevalence from elderly people and pregnant women are lower than other population groups and overall population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Alarcón-Braga
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
| | - Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru; Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Farley E Salazar-Valdivia
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Valeria A Valdez-Cornejo
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Melany D Mosquera-Rojas
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Juan R Ulloque-Badaracco
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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Pires C. Global Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081349. [PMID: 36016237 PMCID: PMC9415631 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: vaccine hesitancy is defined as a delay in the acceptance or refusal of vaccination, even though immunisation is a determinant in reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aim: to identify and analyse the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and/or hesitancy. Methods: a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Keywords: vaccine and (COVID or SARS) and (acceptance or acceptability or willingness or hesitancy or refusal) and (multivariate or regression) and (questionnaire or survey) and national. Databases/resources: PubMed, DOAJ, SciELO and b-on. Timeframe: March 2020–2022. Inclusion criteria: general population, questionnaire-based, calculation of a multivariate regression model and national studies. Quality assessment: application of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (NHLBI) tool. Results: a total of 37 studies were selected, whose overall rate was fair. The most predominant predictors of vaccine hesitancy were a lower perceived risk of getting infected, a lower level of institutional trust, not being vaccinated against influenza, lower levels of perceived severity of COVID-19, or stronger beliefs that the vaccination would cause side effects or be unsafe. Discussion and conclusion: the identified predictors can be used to design tailored health policies and/or public health interventions, or to evaluate subjects’ vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pires
- Escola de Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
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Walach H, Ofner M, Ruof V, Herbig M, Klement RJ. Why do people consent to receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations? A representative survey in Germany. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060555. [PMID: 35981767 PMCID: PMC9393854 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To answer the question: Why do people consent to being vaccinated with novel vaccines against SARS-CoV-2? DESIGN Representative survey. SETTING Online panel. PARTICIPANTS 1032 respondents of the general German population. METHOD A representative survey among German citizens in November/December 2021 that resulted in 1032 complete responses on vaccination status, sociodemographic parameters and opinions about the COVID-19 situation. RESULTS Almost 83% of the respondents were vaccinated. The major motivation was fear of medical consequences of an infection and the wish to lead a normal life again. The major motivation to be not vaccinated was the fear of side effects and scepticism about long-term effectiveness and safety. Sixteen per cent of vaccinated respondents reported some serious side effect, while more than 30% reported health improvements, mostly due to the relief of psychological stress and social reintegration. We also validated a 'Corona Orthodoxy Score-COS' consisting of seven items reflecting opinions on COVID-19. The scale is reliable (alpha=0.76) and unidimensional. The COS was a highly significant predictor of vaccination status and readiness to be vaccinated in a multivariable logistic regression model. Those who were vaccinated were more likely to live in smaller households (OR=0.82, p=0.024), had a higher income (OR=1.27, p<0.001), a higher COS score (OR 1.4, p<0.0001) and used less alternative media (OR=0.44, p=0.0024) and scientific publications (OR=0.42, p=0.011) as information sources. CONCLUSIONS The major motives for being vaccinated are fear of medical symptoms and the wish to lead a normal life. Those not wanting to be vaccinated cite a lack of knowledge regarding long-term safety and side effects as reasons. This can likely only be overcome by careful and active long-term efficacy and safety monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Walach
- Kazimieras Simonavicius University, Next Society Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
- CHS Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Ofner
- Department Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Medyco International, Dubai, UAE
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Martin M, Zadeh MM, Marion L, Roncalez D. COVID-19 vaccine: missed opportunities and hospital vaccine implementation. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:1174-1175. [PMID: 35378268 PMCID: PMC8972964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Male
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
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