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Shi J, Jing W, He Y, Huang Y. Decreased expression of KLF6 in ectopic endometrial stromal cells contributes to endometriosis progression by targeting CTNNB1. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111230. [PMID: 38761988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, endometriosis remains a mysterious gynecological disease with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Krüppel-like Factor 6 (KLF6), a transcription factor, has a wide expression profile and regulates a variety of biological processes. Here, we investigated the expression and function of KLF6 and its possible regulatory mechanisms in endometriosis. To determine the function of KLF6, knockdown and overexpression experiments were performed in eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EU-ESCs) and ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EC-ESCs), respectively. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis assays were conducted in ESCs. ChIP-sequencing and mRNA-sequencing were performed to investigate the functional mechanism of KLF6 in regulating ESCs. We found that KLF6 was highly expressed in eutopic endometrium of endometriosis patients, compared with ectopic endometrium. Similarly, the same was true in EU-ESCs, which was compared with EC-ESCs. Overexpression of KLF6 significantly suppressed EC-ESC proliferation, migration and invasion and induced cell apoptosis, while knockdown of KLF6 resulted in the opposite effects on EU-ESCs. Overexpression of KLF6 significantly inhibited EC-ESC angiogenesis. Mechanistically, the results of ChIP sequencing and mRNA sequencing revealed that CTNNB1 may be a transcriptional target regulated by KLF6. Reintroduction of KLF6 reversed the effects of KLF6 knockdown on EU-ESCs. KLF6 inhibited the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of EC-ESCs by inhibiting the expression of CTNNB1. Our findings provided a new perspective on the role of KLF6 in endometriosis progression and inspire potential targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Wenda Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Yueyun He
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Steinbuch SC, Lüß AM, Eltrop S, Götte M, Kiesel L. Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: From Molecular Pathologies to Clinical Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4306. [PMID: 38673891 PMCID: PMC11050613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue. Despite being benign, endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Ovarian cancer is rare, but more common in women with endometriosis, particularly endometrioid and clear-cell carcinomas. Factors such as hormonal imbalance, reproductive history, environmental exposures, and genetic predisposition contribute to the malignant transformation of endometriosis. Thus, understanding potential risk factors causing malignancy is crucial. Over the past few decades, various genetic mutations, microRNAs, as well as tumor microenvironmental factors have been identified, impacting pathways like PI3K/AKT/mTOR, DNA repair mechanisms, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Thus, this review aims to summarize molecular studies involved in EAOC pathogenesis as potential therapeutic targets. However, further research is needed to better understand the molecular and environmental factors driving EAOC development, to target the susceptibility of endometriotic lesions to malignant progression, and to identify effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Charlotte Steinbuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Lüß
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Eltrop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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3
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Bagheri M, Khansarinejad B, Mondanizadeh M, Azimi M, Alavi S. MiRNAs related in signaling pathways of women's reproductive diseases: an overview. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:414. [PMID: 38472662 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main health issues that can affect women's health is reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis (EMs), uterine leiomyomas (ULs), and ovarian cancer (OC). Although these diseases are very common, we do not have a complete understanding of their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. It is important to mention that the majority of patients are diagnosed with these diseases at later stages because of the absence of early diagnostic techniques and dependable molecular indicators. Hence, it is crucial to discover novel and non-invasive biomarkers that have prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. MiRNAs, also known as microRNAs, are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are short in length, typically consisting of around 22 nucleotides, and are highly conserved across species. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are expressed differently in various diseases and can act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS The author conducted a comprehensive review of all the pertinent papers available in web of science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. RESULTS We achieved three goals: providing readers with better information, enhancing search results, and making peer review easier. CONCLUSIONS This review focuses on the investigation of miRNAs and their involvement in various reproductive disorders in women, including their molecular targets. Additionally, it explores the role of miRNAs in the development and progression of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behzad Khansarinejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Mohadeseh Azimi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shima Alavi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghods Hospital, Arak, Iran
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4
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Zervou MI, Tarlatzis BC, Grimbizis GF, Spandidos DA, Niewold TB, Goulielmos GN. Association of endometriosis with Sjögren's syndrome: Genetic insights (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:20. [PMID: 38186322 PMCID: PMC10781419 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with a history of endometriosis have an increased risk of developing various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and celiac disease. There is a potential association between endometriosis and an increased susceptibility for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). SS is a common chronic, inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune, multifactorial disease of complex pathology, with genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of this condition. It occurs in 0.5‑1% of the population, is characterized by the presence of ocular dryness, lymphocytic infiltrations and contributes to neurological, gastrointestinal, vascular and dermatological manifestations. Endometriosis is an inflammatory, estrogen‑dependent, multifactorial, heterogeneous gynecological disease, affecting ≤10% of reproductive‑age women. It is characterized by the occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, mainly in the pelvic cavity, and is associated with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia and either subfertility or infertility. It is still unclear whether SS appears as a secondary response to endometriosis, or it is developed due to any potential shared mechanisms of these conditions. The aim of the present review was to explore further the biological basis only of the co‑occurrence of these disorders but not their association at clinical basis, focusing on the analysis of the partially shared genetic background between endometriosis and SS, and the clarification of the possible similarities in the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and the relevant molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Basil C. Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris F. Grimbizis
- Unit for Human Reproduction, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Papageorgiou' General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Timothy B. Niewold
- Barbara Volcker Center for Women and Rheumatic Disease, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - George N. Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
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Zhang Y, Sun X, Li Z, Han X, Wang W, Xu P, Liu Y, Xue Y, Wang Z, Xu S, Wang X, Li G, Tian Y, Zhao Q. Interactions between miRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in endometriosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116182. [PMID: 38262146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue (glands and stroma) outside the confines of the uterus and often involves vital organs such as the intestines and urinary system. Endometriosis is considered a refractory disease owing to its enigmatic etiology, propensity for recurrence following conservative or surgical interventions, and the absence of radical treatment and long-term management. In recent years, the incidence of endometriosis has gradually increased, rendering it a pressing concern among women of childbearing age. A more profound understanding of its pathogenesis can significantly improve prognosis. Recent research endeavors have spotlighted the molecular mechanisms by which microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the occurrence and progression of endometriosis. Many miRNAs have been reported to be aberrantly expressed in the affected tissues of both patients and animal models. These miRNAs actively participate in the regulation of inflammatory reactions, cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Their capacity to modulate crucial signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, reinforces their potential utility as diagnostic markers or therapeutic agents for endometriosis. In this review, we provide the latest insights into the role of miRNAs that interact with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate the biological behaviors of endometriosis cells and disease-related symptoms, such as pain and infertility. We hope that this review will provide novel insights and promising targets for innovative therapies addressing endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xueyu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Zhongkang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Xianhong Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Penglin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yuna Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, PR China
| | - Shuling Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Gailing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yanpeng Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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Chrysanthopoulos I, Mavrogianni D, Drakaki E, Potiris A, Zikopoulos A, Zachariou A, Domali E, Drakakis P, Stavros S. Detection of zeb1 Gene in Granulosa Cells in Women Undergoing IVF Treatment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5652. [PMID: 37685721 PMCID: PMC10488692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ZEB1 plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and acts as a repressor of E-cadherin, TGF-β, and Wnt/β-catenin. Since ZEB1 protein is expressed in estrogen-responsive tissues, and expression of the gene in the normal ovary and endometrium is positively correlated with high estrogen levels, we performed a direct analysis of granulosa cell samples to determine whether there are any significant changes in zeb1 expression during folliculogenesis. METHODS ZEB1 expression levels were measured in the granulosa cells of 56 infertile women undergoing IVF treatment. RNA extraction from granulosa cells was performed along with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) with SYBR Green I to determine zeb1 gene expression levels. Statistical analysis was performed by using t-test, while possible correlations of the expression of ZEB1 protein with body mass index (BMI), age, number of oocytes, and oocyte maturation were investigated. RESULTS Zeb1 gene expression levels correlate significantly with body mass index (BMI) and age, but not with oocyte number and oocyte maturation stage. Obese women demonstrate a higher expression level of zeb1 gene compared to normal and overweight women. Moreover, zeb1 gene is overexpressed in women aged 35-40 years old and is under-expressed in women >40 years old. CONCLUSIONS ZEB1 expression should be further investigated as it may unveil new potential findings of the zeb1 gene's role in female fertility and its use as a biomarker in fertility workups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Chrysanthopoulos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Despoina Mavrogianni
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Eirini Drakaki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Anastasios Potiris
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Zikopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Treliske, Truro TR1 3LQ, UK;
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Ekaterini Domali
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Peter Drakakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
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Steffens Reinhardt L, Groen K, Zhang X, Morten BC, Wawruszak A, Avery-Kiejda KA. p53 isoform expression promotes a stemness phenotype and inhibits doxorubicin sensitivity in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:509. [PMID: 37553320 PMCID: PMC10409720 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In breast cancer, dysregulated TP53 expression signatures are a better predictor of chemotherapy response and survival outcomes than TP53 mutations. Our previous studies have shown that high levels of Δ40p53 are associated with worse disease-free survival and disruption of p53-induced DNA damage response in breast cancers. Here, we further investigated the in vitro and in vivo implications of Δ40p53 expression in breast cancer. We have shown that genes associated with cell differentiation are downregulated while those associated with stem cell regulation are upregulated in invasive ductal carcinomas expressing high levels of Δ40p53. In contrast to p53, endogenous ∆40p53 co-localised with the stem cell markers Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog in MCF-7 and ZR75-1 cell lines. ∆40p53 and Sox2 co-localisation was also detected in breast cancer specimens. Further, in cells expressing a high ∆40p53:p53 ratio, increased expression of stem cell markers, greater mammosphere and colony formation capacities, and downregulation of miR-145 and miR-200 (p53-target microRNAs that repress stemness) were observed compared to the control subline. In vivo, a high ∆40p53:p53 ratio led to increased tumour growth, Ki67 and Sox2 expression, and blood microvessel areas in the vehicle-treated mice. High expression of ∆40p53 also reduced tumour sensitivity to doxorubicin compared to control tumours. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin was observed when transiently targeting Δ40p53 or when treating cells with OTSSP167 with concomitant chemotherapy. Taken together, high Δ40p53 levels induce tumour growth and may promote chemoresistance by inducing a stemness phenotype in breast cancer; thus, targeting Δ40p53 in tumours that have a high Δ40p53:p53 ratio could enhance the efficacy of standard-of-care therapies such as doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Steffens Reinhardt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Kira Groen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiajie Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Brianna C Morten
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Wawruszak
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
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Wang X, Yang J, Li H, Mu H, Zeng L, Cai S, Su P, Li H, Zhang L, Xiang W. miR-484 mediates oxidative stress-induced ovarian dysfunction and promotes granulosa cell apoptosis via SESN2 downregulation. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102684. [PMID: 36963287 PMCID: PMC10060268 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian dysfunction is a common cause of female infertility, which is associated with genetic, autoimmune and environmental factors. Granulosa cells (GCs) constitute the largest cell population of ovarian follicles. Changes in GCs, including oxidative stress (OS) and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), are involved in regulating ovary function. miR-484 is highly expressed in 3-NP-induced oxidative stress models of ovaries and GCs. miR-484 overexpression aggravated GCs dysfunction and thereby intensified ovarian oxidative stress injury in mice. Moreover, bioinformatic analyses, luciferase assays and pull-down assays indicated that LINC00958 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-484 and formed a signaling axis with Sestrin2(SESN2) under oxidative stress conditions, which in turn regulated mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial-related apoptosis in GCs. Additionally, the inhibition of miR-484 alleviated GCs dysfunction under ovarian oxidative stress condition. Our present study revealed the role of miR-484 in oxidative stress of ovaries and GCs and the function of LINC00958/miR-484/SESN2 axis in mitochondrial function and mitochondria-related apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongbei Mu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Medical Genetics Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Siying Cai
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ping Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China; Wuhan Huake Reproductive Hospital, 128 Sanyang Road, Wuhan, 430013, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China; Wuhan Huake Reproductive Hospital, 128 Sanyang Road, Wuhan, 430013, China.
| | - Wenpei Xiang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China; Wuhan Huake Reproductive Hospital, 128 Sanyang Road, Wuhan, 430013, China.
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9
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Wischmann FJ, Troschel FM, Frankenberg M, Kemper B, Vijaya Kumar A, Sicking M, Ibrahim SA, Kiesel L, Götte M, Eich HT, Greve B. Tumor suppressor miR-218 directly targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in triple-negative breast cancer, sensitizing cells to irradiation. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04750-x. [PMID: 37088795 PMCID: PMC10374822 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNA-218 (miR-218) is a key regulator of numerous processes relevant to tumor progression. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the relationship between miR-218 and the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) as well as to understand downstream effects in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS We assessed miR-218 and EGFR expression in cell lines and publicly available primary breast cancer gene expression data. We then overexpressed miR-218 in two TNBC cell lines and investigated effects on EGFR and downstream mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling. Luciferase reporter assay was used to characterize a direct binding interaction between miR-218 and EGFR mRNA. Digital holographic microscopy helped investigate cell migration and dry mass after miR-218 overexpression. Cell division and invasion were assessed microscopically, while radiation response after miR-218 overexpression alone or combined with additional EGFR knockdown was investigated via clonogenic assays. RESULTS We found an inverse correlation between EGFR expression and miR-218 levels in cell lines and primary breast cancer tissues. MiR-218 overexpression resulted in a downregulation of EGFR via direct binding of the mRNA. Activation of EGFR and downstream p44/42 MAPK signaling were reduced after pre-miR-218 transfection. Cell proliferation, motility and invasiveness were inhibited whereas cell death and mitotic catastrophe were upregulated in miR-218 overexpressing cells compared to controls. MiR-218 overexpressing and EGFR siRNA-treated cells were sensitized to irradiation, more than miR-218 overexpressing cells alone. CONCLUSION This study characterizes the antagonistic relationship between miR-218 and EGFR. It also demonstrates downstream functional effects of miR-218 overexpression, leading to anti-tumorigenic cellular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz-Josef Wischmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian M Troschel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Maj Frankenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Archana Vijaya Kumar
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mark Sicking
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Theodor Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Ronsini C, Fumiento P, Iavarone I, Greco PF, Cobellis L, De Franciscis P. Liquid Biopsy in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076116. [PMID: 37047088 PMCID: PMC10094565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite laparoscopy being a standardized option to diagnose pelvic endometriotic implants, non-invasive biomarkers are necessary to avoid the discomfort of invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as feasible biomarkers for the early diagnosis of endometriosis. Following the recommendations in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct in January 2023. We provided no restriction on the country and year of publication, and considered English published articles. We selected studies including patients with endometriosis and describing miRNA regulation in the context of endometriosis. Overall, 45 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 2045 patients with endometriosis and 1587 controls were screened. Patients were analyzed concerning miRNAs expression and sources, stage of disease, and symptoms, and compared to controls. Among DEMs, the ones with the widest delta between endometriosis patients and controls-Relative Expression ≥ 4 Log2(ratio)-were miR-145, miR-191, miR-195, miR-21-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-451a, miR-200c, miR-20a-5p, and miR-15a-5p. Although the epigenetic regulation is partially unclear, miRNAs are valid biomarkers to diagnose endometriotic lesions in symptomatic and non-symptomatic women. MiRNAs modulation should be clarified, especially during therapies or relapse, to plan targeted management protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Ronsini
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Fumiento
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Irene Iavarone
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pier Francesco Greco
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, A. Gemelli, IRCCS, University Hospital Foundation, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Cobellis
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Franciscis
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
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Mørup N, Stakaitis R, Main AM, Golubickaite I, Hagen CP, Juul A, Almstrup K. Circulating levels and the bioactivity of miR-30b increase during pubertal progression in boys. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1120115. [PMID: 36742409 PMCID: PMC9893272 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Puberty marks the transition from childhood to adulthood and is initiated by activation of a pulsatile GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus. MKRN3 functions as a pre-pubertal break on the GnRH pulse generator and hypothalamic expression and circulating levels of MKRN3 decrease peri-pubertally. In rodents, microRNA miR-30b seems to directly target hypothalamic MKRN3 expression - and in boys, circulating levels of miR-30b-5p increase when puberty is pharmacologically induced. Similarly, miR-200b-3p and miR-155-5p have been suggested to inhibit expression of other proteins potentially involved in the regulation of GnRH secretion. Here we measure circulating levels of these three miRNAs as boys progress through puberty. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six boys from the longitudinal part of the Copenhagen Puberty Study were included. All boys underwent successive clinical examinations including estimation of testis size by palpation. miR-30b-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-155-5p were measured in serum by RT-qPCR using a kit sensitive to the phosphorylation status of the miRNAs. Thirty-nine boys had miRNA levels measured in three consecutive samples (pre-, peri-, and post-pubertally) and seven boys had miR-30b-5p levels measured in ten consecutive samples during the pubertal transition. RESULTS When circulating levels of miR-30b-5p in pre- and peri-pubertal samples were compared with post-pubertal levels, we observed a significant increase of 2.3 and 2.2-fold (p-value<6.0×10-4), respectively, and a larger fraction of miR-30b-5p appeared to be phosphorylated post-pubertally indicating an increase in its bioactivity. We also observed a negative correlation between circulating levels of miR-30b-5p and MKRN3. The inter-individual variation in circulating miR-30b levels was substantial and we could not define a clinical threshold for miR-30b-5p suggestive of imminent puberty. Also, miR-155-5p showed significantly increasing levels from the peri- to the post-pubertal stage (p=3.0×10-3), whereas miR-200b-3p did not consistently increase. CONCLUSION Both circulating levels of miR-30b-5p and its bioactivity increase during the pubertal transition in boys supporting its role in the activation of the HPG axis at the onset of physiologically normal puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mørup
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Nina Mørup, ; Kristian Almstrup,
| | - Rytis Stakaitis
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Laboratory of Molecular Neurooncology, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ailsa Maria Main
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ieva Golubickaite
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Casper P. Hagen
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- The Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Nina Mørup, ; Kristian Almstrup,
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Gołąbek-Grenda A, Olejnik A. In vitro modeling of endometriosis and endometriotic microenvironment - Challenges and recent advances. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110375. [PMID: 35690293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic condition with high prevalence in reproductive age women, defined as the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, most commonly on the pelvic peritoneum. The ectopic endometrial lesions exist in a unique microenvironment created by the interaction of epithelial, stromal, endothelial, glandular, and immune cell components, dominated by inflammatory, angiogenic, and endocrine signals. Current research is directed at understanding the complex microenvironment of the lesions and its relationship with different endometriosis stages, phenotypes, and disease symptoms and at the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic concepts that minimalize the undesirable side effects of current medical management. Recreating pathophysiological cellular and molecular mechanisms and identifying clinically relevant metrics to assess drug efficacy is a great challenge for the experimental disease models. This review summarizes the complete range of available in vitro experimental systems used in endometriotic studies, which reflect the multifactorial nature of the endometriotic lesion. The article discusses the simplistic in vitro models such as primary endometrial cells and endometriotic cell lines to heterogeneous 2D co-cultures, and recently more common, 3D systems based on self-organization and controlled assembly, both in microfluidic or bioprinting methodologies. Basic research models allow studying fundamental pathological mechanisms by which menstrual endometrium adheres, invades, and establishes lesions in ectopic sites. The advanced endometriosis experimental models address the critical challenges and unsolved problems and provide an approach to drug screening and medicine discovery by mimicking the complicated behaviors of the endometriotic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gołąbek-Grenda
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627 Poznan, Poland.
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Impact of Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 Double Knockdown on Notch Signaling and the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052851. [PMID: 35269992 PMCID: PMC8911246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cell marker and RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 is overexpressed in endometriosis. Musashi-1-siRNA knockdown in Ishikawa cells altered the expression of stem cell related genes, such as OCT-4. To investigate the role of both human Musashi homologues (MSI-1 and MSI-2) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, immortalized endometriotic 12-Z cells and primary endometriotic stroma cells were treated with Musashi-1- and Musashi-2-siRNA. Subsequently, the impact on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell necrosis, spheroid formation, stem cell phenotype and the Notch signaling pathway was studied in vitro. Using the ENDOMET Turku Endometriosis database, the gene expression of stem cell markers and Notch signaling pathway constituents were analyzed according to localization of the endometriosis lesions. The database analysis demonstrated that expression of Musashi and Notch pathway-related genes are dysregulated in patients with endometriosis. Musashi-1/2-double-knockdown increased apoptosis and necrosis and reduced stem cell gene expression, cell proliferation, and the formation of spheroids. Musashi silencing increased the expression of the anti-proliferation mediator p21. Our findings suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting the Musashi–Notch axis. We conclude that the Musashi genes have an impact on Notch signaling and the pathogenesis of endometriosis through the downregulation of proliferation, stemness characteristics and the upregulation of apoptosis, necrosis and of the cell cycle regulator p21.
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de Oliveira RZ, de Oliveira Buono F, Cressoni ACL, Penariol LBC, Padovan CC, Tozetti PA, Poli-Neto OB, Ferriani RA, Orellana MD, Rosa-E-Silva JC, Meola J. Overexpression of miR-200b-3p in Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Endometriosis Women. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:734-742. [PMID: 35075610 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The key relationship between Sampson's theory and the presence of mesenchymal stem cells in the menstrual flow (MenSCs), as well as the changes in post-transcriptional regulatory processes as actors in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis, are poorly understood. No study to date has investigated the imbalance of miRNAs in MenSCs related to the disease. Thus, through literature and in silico analyses, we selected four predicted miRNAs as regulators of EGR1, SNAI1, NR4A1, NR4A2, ID1, LAMC3, and FOSB involved in pathways of apoptosis, angiogenesis, response to steroid hormones, migration, differentiation, and cell proliferation. These genes are frequently overexpressed in the endometriosis condition in our group studies. They were the trigger for the miRNAs search. Therefore, a case-control study was conducted with MenSCs of women with and without endometriosis (ten samples per group). Crossing information obtained from the STRING, PubMed, miRPathDB, miRWalk, and DIANA TOOLS databases, we chose to explore the expression of miR-21-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-143-3p, and miR-200b-3p by RT-qPCR. We found an upregulation of the miR-200b-3p in endometriosis MenSCs (P = 0.0207), with a 7.93-fold change (ratio of geometric means) compared to control. Overexpression of miR-200b has been associated with increased cell proliferation, stemness, and accentuated mesenchymal-epithelial transition process in eutopic endometrium of endometriosis. We believe that dysregulated miR-200b-3p may establish primary changes in the MenSCs, thus favoring tissue implantation at the ectopic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Zucco de Oliveira
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Oliveira Buono
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Lagazzi Cressoni
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Bruna Corrêa Penariol
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Carolina Padovan
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aparecida Tozetti
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Omero Benedito Poli-Neto
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory for Translational Data Science, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
- National Institute of Hormones and Women's Health (Hormona), CNPq, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Maristela Delgado Orellana
- Center for Cell Therapy and Reginal Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14051-140, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cesar Rosa-E-Silva
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory for Translational Data Science, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Meola
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- Laboratory for Translational Data Science, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- National Institute of Hormones and Women's Health (Hormona), CNPq, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Nasu K, Aoyagi Y, Zhu R, Okamoto M, Yano M, Kai K, Kawano Y. Role of repressed microRNAs in endometriosis. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 55:1-7. [PMID: 34463829 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent benign tumor that affect 3-10% women of reproductive age, and is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue, which is found primarily in the rectovaginal septum, ovaries, and pelvic peritoneum. To date, accumulating evidence suggests that various epigenetic aberrations, including the expression of aberrant microRNAs (miRNAs), play definite roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. This review summarizes the recent findings on the aberrantly repressed miRNAs, as well as their potential roles regarding the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaei Nasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan. .,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Support System for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
| | - Yoko Aoyagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ruofei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mamiko Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mitsutake Yano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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Circulating miRNAs Related to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions (EMT) as the New Molecular Markers in Endometriosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:900-916. [PMID: 34449536 PMCID: PMC8929046 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue found outside the uterus, most commonly in the peritoneal cavity. Endometriosis lesions are heterogenous but usually contain endometrial stromal cells and epithelial glands, immune cell infiltrates and are vascularized and innervated by nerves. The complex etiopathogenesis and heterogenity of the clinical symptoms, as well as the lack of a specific non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, underline the need for more advanced diagnostic tools. Unfortunately, the contribution of environmental, hormonal and immunological factors in the disease etiology is insufficient, and the contribution of genetic/epigenetic factors is still fragmentary. Therefore, there is a need for more focused study on the molecular mechanisms of endometriosis and non-invasive diagnostic monitoring systems. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) demonstrate high stability and tissue specificity and play a significant role in modulating a range of molecular pathways, and hence may be suitable diagnostic biomarkers for the origin and development of endometriosis. Of these, the most frequently studied are those related to endometriosis, including those involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whose expression is altered in plasma or endometriotic lesion biopsies; however, the results are ambiguous. Specific miRNAs expressed in endometriosis may serve as diagnostics markers with prognostic value, and they have been proposed as molecular targets for treatment. The aim of this review is to present selected miRNAs associated with EMT known to have experimentally confirmed significance, and discuss their utility as biomarkers in endometriosis.
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Kolanska K, Bendifallah S, Canlorbe G, Mekinian A, Touboul C, Aractingi S, Chabbert-Buffet N, Daraï E. Role of miRNAs in Normal Endometrium and in Endometrial Disorders: Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163457. [PMID: 34441754 PMCID: PMC8396961 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular responses to hormonal stimuli in the endometrium are modulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional stages. Any imbalance in cellular and molecular endometrial homeostasis may lead to gynecological disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a wide variety of physiological mechanisms and their expression patterns in the endometrium are currently attracting a lot of interest. miRNA regulation could be hormone dependent. Conversely, miRNAs could regulate the action of sexual hormones. Modifications to miRNA expression in pathological situations could either be a cause or a result of the existing pathology. The complexity of miRNA actions and the diversity of signaling pathways controlled by numerous miRNAs require rigorous analysis and findings need to be interpreted with caution. Alteration of miRNA expression in women with endometriosis has been reported. Thus, a potential diagnostic test supported by a specific miRNA signature could contribute to early diagnosis and a change in the therapeutic paradigm. Similarly, specific miRNA profile signatures are expected for RIF and endometrial cancer, with direct implications for associated therapies for RIF and adjuvant therapies for endometrial cancer. Advances in targeted therapies based on the regulation of miRNA expression are under evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kolanska
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (S.B.); (C.T.); (N.C.-B.); (E.D.)
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Centre Expert En Endométriose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endométriose (GRC6), Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (S.B.); (C.T.); (N.C.-B.); (E.D.)
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Centre Expert En Endométriose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endométriose (GRC6), Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Geoffroy Canlorbe
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Service de Chirurgie et Cancérologie Gynécologique et Mammaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière, Charles-Foix, Sorbonne Université, 47/83, Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Arsène Mekinian
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France;
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (S.B.); (C.T.); (N.C.-B.); (E.D.)
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Centre Expert En Endométriose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endométriose (GRC6), Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Selim Aractingi
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Faculté de Médecine Paris 5 Descartes, 12 Rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (S.B.); (C.T.); (N.C.-B.); (E.D.)
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Centre Expert En Endométriose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endométriose (GRC6), Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (S.B.); (C.T.); (N.C.-B.); (E.D.)
- INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France; (G.C.); (S.A.)
- Centre Expert En Endométriose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endométriose (GRC6), Sorbonne Université, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
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Wu J, Fang X, Xia X. Identification of Key Genes and Pathways associated with Endometriosis by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3425-3436. [PMID: 34522169 PMCID: PMC8436105 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.63541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder with high rates of infertility and pelvic pain. However, its pathogenesis and diagnostic biomarkers remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate potential hub genes and key pathways associated with endometriosis in ectopic endometrium (EC) and eutopic endometrium (EU). Material and Method: EC and EU-associated microarray datasets were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to obtain further biological insight into the EU and EC-associated genes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to find clinically significant modules of highly-correlated genes. The hub genes that belong to both the weighted gene co-expression network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were identified using a Venn diagram. Results: We obtained EC and EU-associated microarray datasets GSE7305 and GSE120103. Genes in the EC were mainly enriched in the immune response and immune cell trafficking, and genes in the EU were mainly enriched in stress response and steroid hormone biosynthesis. PPI networks and weighted gene co-expression networks were constructed. An EC-associated blue module and an EU-associated magenta module were identified, and their function annotations revealed that hormone receptor signaling or inflammatory microenvironments may promote EU passing through the oviducts and migrating to the ovarian surfaces, and adhesion and immune correlated genes may induce the successful ectopic implantation of the endometrium (EC). Twelve hub genes in the EC and sixteen hub genes in the EU were recognized and further validated in independent datasets. Conclusion: Our study identified, for the first time, the hub genes and enrichment pathways in the EC and EU using WGCNA, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis and have important clinical implications for the treatment and diagnosis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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De Santis C, Götte M. The Role of microRNA Let-7d in Female Malignancies and Diseases of the Female Reproductive Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147359. [PMID: 34298978 PMCID: PMC8305730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Let-7d is a microRNA of the conserved let-7 family that is dysregulated in female malignancies including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer. Moreover, a dysregulation is observed in endometriosis and pregnancy-associated diseases such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Let-7d expression is regulated by cytokines and steroids, involving transcriptional regulation by OCT4, MYC and p53, as well as posttranscriptional regulation via LIN28 and ADAR. By downregulating a wide range of relevant mRNA targets, let-7d affects cellular processes that drive disease progression such as cell proliferation, apoptosis (resistance), angiogenesis and immune cell function. In an oncological context, let-7d has a tumor-suppressive function, although some of its functions are context-dependent. Notably, its expression is associated with improved therapeutic responses to chemotherapy in breast and ovarian cancer. Studies in mouse models have furthermore revealed important roles in uterine development and function, with implications for obstetric diseases. Apart from a possible utility as a diagnostic blood-based biomarker, pharmacological modulation of let-7d emerges as a promising therapeutic concept in a variety of female disease conditions.
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MESH Headings
- Aging
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Fertility/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Genital Diseases, Female/drug therapy
- Genital Diseases, Female/genetics
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/drug therapy
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/physiology
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20
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Mc Cormack B, Maenhoudt N, Fincke V, Stejskalova A, Greve B, Kiesel L, Meresman GF, Vankelecom H, Götte M, Barañao RI. The ellagic acid metabolites urolithin A and B differentially affect growth, adhesion, motility, and invasion of endometriotic cells in vitro. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1501-1519. [PMID: 33748857 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the effects of plant-derived antioxidant compounds urolithin A (UA) and B (UB) on the growth and pathogenetic properties of an in vitro endometriosis model? SUMMARY ANSWER Both urolithins showed inhibitory effects on cell behavior related to the development of endometriosis by differentially affecting growth, adhesion, motility, and invasion of endometriotic cells in vitro. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Endometriosis is one of the most common benign gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age and is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. As current pharmacological therapies are associated with side effects interfering with fertility, we aimed at finding alternative therapeutics using natural compounds that can be administered for prolonged periods with a favorable side effects profile. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In vitro cultures of primary endometriotic stromal cells from 6 patients subjected to laparoscopy for benign pathologies with histologically confirmed endometriosis; and immortalized endometrial stromal (St-T1b) and endometriotic epithelial cells (12Z) were utilized to assess the effects of UA and UB on endometriotic cell properties. Results were validated in three-dimensional (3D) in vitro co-culture spheroids of 12Z and primary endometriotic stroma cells of one patient, and organoids from 3 independent donors with endometriosis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The effects on cell growth were measured by non-radioactive colorimetric assay to measure cellular metabolic activity as an indicator of cell viability (MTT assay) and flow cytometric cell cycle assay on primary cultures, St-T1b, and 12Z. Apoptosis analyses, the impact on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion were evaluated in the cell lines. Moreover, Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays were performed on primary cultures, St- T1b and 12Z to evaluate a plausible mechanistic contribution by factors related to proteolysis (matrix metalloproteinase 2, 3 and 9 -MMP2, MMP3, MMP9-, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases -TIMP-1-), cytoskeletal regulators (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 -RAC1-, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 -ROCK2-), and cell adhesion molecules (Syndecan 1 -SDC1-, Integrin alpha V-ITGAV-). Finally, the urolithins effects were evaluated on spheroids and organoids by formation, viability, and drug screen assays. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE 40 µM UA and 20 µM UB produced a significant decrease in cell proliferation in the primary endometriotic cell cultures (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and in the St-T1b cell line (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). In St-T1b, UA exhibited a mean half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 39.88 µM, while UB exhibited a mean IC50 of 79.92 µM. Both 40 µM UA and 20 µM UB produced an increase in cells in the S phase of the cell cycle (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The same concentration of UA also increased the percentage of apoptotic ST-t1b cells (P < 0.05), while both urolithins decreased cell migration after 24 h (P < 0.001 both). Only the addition of 5 µM UB decreased the number of St-T1b adherent cells. TIMP-1 expression was upregulated in response to treating the cells with 40 µM UA (P < 0.05). Regarding the 12Z endometriotic cell line, only 40 µM UA decreased proliferation (P < 0.01); while both 40 µM UA and 20 µM UB produced an increase in cells in the G2/M phase (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). In this cell line, UA exhibited a mean IC50 of 40.46 µM, while UB exhibited a mean IC50 of 54.79 µM. UB decreased cell migration (P < 0.05), and decreased the number of adherent cells (P < 0.05). Both 40 µM UA and 20 µM UB significantly decreased the cellular invasion of these cells; and several genes were altered when treating the cells with 40 µM UA and 10 µM UB. The expression of MMP2 was downregulated by UA (P < 0.001), and expression of MMP3 (UA P < 0.001 and UB P < 0.05) and MMP9 (P < 0.05, both) were downregulated by both urolithins. Moreover, UA significantly downregulated ROCK2 (P < 0.05), whereas UB treatment was associated with RAC1 downregulation (P < 0.05). Finally, the matrix adhesion receptors and signaling (co)receptors SDC1 and ITGAV were downregulated upon treatment with either UA or UB (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively in both cases). Regarding the effects of urolithins on 3D models, we have seen that they significantly decrease the viability of endometriosis spheroids (80 µM UA and UB: P < 0.05 both) as well as affecting their area (40 µM UA: P < 0.05, and 80 µM UA: P < 0.01) and integrity (40 µM UA and UB: P < 0.05, 80 µM UA and UB: P < 0.01). On the other hand, UA and UB significantly inhibited organoid development/outgrowth (40 and 80 µM UA: P < 0.0001 both; 40 µM UB: P < ns-0.05-0.001, and 80 µM UB: P < 0.01-0.001-0.001), and all organoid lines show urolithins sensitivity resulting in decreasing viability (UA exhibited a mean IC50 of 33.93 µM, while UB exhibited a mean IC50 of 52.60 µM). LARGE-SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study was performed on in vitro endometriosis models. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These in vitro results provide new insights into the pathogenetic pathways affected by these compounds and mark their use as a potential new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of endometriosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded EU MSCA-RISE-2015 project MOMENDO (691058). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mc Cormack
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Maenhoudt
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Fincke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - A Stejskalova
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - B Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - L Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - G F Meresman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H Vankelecom
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - R I Barañao
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Abstract
Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic disease that affects approximately 6% to 10% of reproductive-aged women. Although numerous researchers have endeavored to explore the etiology of endometriosis over a century, its etiology still remains an enigma. The exploration of pathophysiologic mechanism and novel therapy for endometriosis depends on ideal endometriotic models. In the previous decade, various endometriotic models have been established; therefore, we made a conclusion for available information on these models. This review summarized the common experimental models used in endometriotic studies, including their origins, characteristics, applications, and limitations. Endometriotic models played an important role in studying etiologies and novel treatments of endometriosis during the last decades. Among them, animal models and endometriotic cell lines were viewed as most common studying tools to explore the intrinsic entities of endometriosis. In addition, endometrial organoid also emerged and was regarded as an ideal studying tool for endometriosis research. Different research models collectively complement each other to advance the endometriosis research. The successful establishment of endometrial organoids means that organoids are expected to become an ideal model for studying endometriosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yue Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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22
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Zhu R, Nasu K, Hijiya N, Yoshihashi M, Hirakawa T, Aoyagi Y, Narahara H. hsa-miR-199a-3p Inhibits Motility, Invasiveness, and Contractility of Ovarian Endometriotic Stromal Cells. REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2021; 28:3498-3507. [PMID: 33987822 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that aberrantly expressed microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Our previous study demonstrated that expression of the microRNA hsa-miR-199a-3p is attenuated in human endometriotic cyst stromal cells (ECSCs). The current study aimed to define the roles of hsa-miR-199a-3p in the development of endometriosis. ECSCs and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were isolated from ovarian endometrioma and normal endometrial tissues, respectively. We evaluated the effect of transfected hsa-miR-199a-3p on the migration, invasion, and contractility of ECSCs using Transwell migration assays, in vitro wound healing assays, Transwell invasion assays, and collagen gel contraction assays. We also examined the downstream target of hsa-miR-199a-3p with an online public database search and luciferase reporter assay. Expression of hsa-miR-199a-3p in ECSCs was significantly lower than that in NESCs, whereas the expression of p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) mRNA was significantly higher. Transfection of hsa-miR-199a-3p inhibited the migration, invasion, and contractility of ECSCs via inhibition of PAK4 mRNA expression. PAK4 was confirmed to be the direct target of hsa-miR-199a-3p. Transfection of PAK4 small interfering RNA and the PAK4 inhibitor PF-3758309 also inhibited ECSC migration, invasion, and contractility. These findings suggest that hsa-miR-199a-3p may act as a tumor suppressor in endometriosis development. Attenuation of hsa-miR-199a-3p expression was favorable for ECSCs to acquire the highly invasive, motile, and contractile characteristics of endometriotic cells and is involved in the development of endometriosis. Accordingly, PAK4 inhibitors may be promising for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kaei Nasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Support System for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Yufu-shi, Japan.
| | - Naoki Hijiya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Yufu-shi, Japan
| | - Masato Yoshihashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hirakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoyagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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23
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Stejskalová A, Fincke V, Nowak M, Schmidt Y, Borrmann K, von Wahlde MK, Schäfer SD, Kiesel L, Greve B, Götte M. Collagen I triggers directional migration, invasion and matrix remodeling of stroma cells in a 3D spheroid model of endometriosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4115. [PMID: 33603041 PMCID: PMC7892880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a painful gynecological condition characterized by ectopic growth of endometrial cells. Little is known about its pathogenesis, which is partially due to a lack of suitable experimental models. Here, we use endometrial stromal (St-T1b), primary endometriotic stromal, epithelial endometriotic (12Z) and co-culture (1:1 St-T1b:12Z) spheroids to mimic the architecture of endometrium, and either collagen I or Matrigel to model ectopic locations. Stromal spheroids, but not single cells, assumed coordinated directional migration followed by matrix remodeling of collagen I on day 5 or 7, resembling ectopic lesions. While generally a higher area fold increase of spheroids occurred on collagen I compared to Matrigel, directional migration was not observed in co-culture or in 12Z cells. The fold increase in area on collagen I was significantly reduced by MMP inhibition in stromal but not 12Z cells. Inhibiting ROCK signalling responsible for actomyosin contraction increased the fold increase of area and metabolic activity compared to untreated controls on Matrigel. The number of protrusions emanating from 12Z spheroids on Matrigel was decreased by microRNA miR-200b and increased by miR-145. This study demonstrates that spheroid assay is a promising pre-clinical tool that can be used to evaluate small molecule drugs and microRNA-based therapeutics for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stejskalová
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Victoria Fincke
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Melissa Nowak
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany ,grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Present Address: Institut für Molekulare Medizin III, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schmidt
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Borrmann
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin von Wahlde
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian D. Schäfer
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Kong X, Xu X, Zhou L, Zhu M, Yao S, Ding Y, Liu T, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li R, Tang X, Ling J, Wu J, Zhu X, Gu Y, Zhou H. MTA1, a Target of Resveratrol, Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Endometriosis via ZEB2. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 19:295-306. [PMID: 33145366 PMCID: PMC7578554 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a benign disease that shares some malignant features. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) plays an important role in various cancers by promoting EMT, yet there are no studies on its function in endometriosis. In the present study, we found that MTA1 was highly expressed in the ectopic endometrium of endometriosis patients and that the expression of MTA1 was related to the revised American Fertility Society stage. MTA1 facilitated endometrial stroma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inducing EMT, and the promotion function and MTA1 expression were suppressed by resveratrol, a natural polyphenol. Moreover, we revealed that MTA1 induced EMT through interaction with ZEB2. The findings in a mouse endometriosis model further showed that MTA1 and ZEB2 were upregulated in ectopic tissues and that resveratrol inhibited the growth of ectopic lesions and expression of MTA1 and ZEB2. Taken together, we demonstrate that MTA1 is a protein that promotes EMT via interacting with ZEB2 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, and may be a target of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mengjing Zhu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shuang Yao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tang
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingxian Ling
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xianghong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
- Care Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
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25
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Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Matsuzaki S, Roman LD, Sood AK, Matsuo K. Uterine carcinosarcoma: Contemporary clinical summary, molecular updates, and future research opportunity. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 160:586-601. [PMID: 33183764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is a biphasic aggressive high-grade endometrial cancer in which the sarcoma element has de-differentiated from the carcinoma element. UCS is considered a rare tumor, but its incidence has gradually increased in recent years (annual percent change from 2000 to 2016 1.7%, 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.2) as has the proportion of UCS among endometrial cancer, exceeding 5% in recent years. UCS typically affects the elderly, but in recent decades patients became younger. Notably, a stage-shift has occurred in recent years with increasing nodal metastasis and decreasing distant metastasis. The concept of sarcoma dominance may be new in UCS, and a sarcomatous element >50% of the uterine tumor is associated with decreased survival. Multimodal treatment is the mainstay of UCS. Lymphadenectomy, chemotherapy, and brachytherapy have increased in the past few decades, but survival outcomes remain dismal: the median survival is less than two years, and the 5-year overall survival rate has not changed in decades (31.9% in 1975 to 33.8% in 2012). Carboplatin/paclitaxel adjuvant chemotherapy improves progression-free survival compared with ifosfamide/paclitaxel, particularly in stages III-IV disease (GOG-261 trial). Twenty-six clinical trials previously examined therapeutic effectiveness in recurrent/metastatic UCS. The median response rate and progression-free survival were 37.5% and 5.9 months, respectively, after first-line therapy, but after later therapies, the outcomes were far worse (5.5% and 1.8 months, respectively). One significant discovery was that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sarcomatous dedifferentiation in UCS and that heterologous sarcoma is associated with a higher EMT signature compared with homologous sarcoma. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing has revealed that UCS tumors are serous-like and that common somatic mutations include those in TP53, PIK3CA, FBXW7, PTEN, and ARID1A. This contemporary review highlights recent clinical and molecular updates in UCS. A possible therapeutic target of EMT in UCS is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Matsuzaki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maximilian Klar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Satoko Matsuzaki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lynda D Roman
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Taheri M. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1370. [PMID: 32850438 PMCID: PMC7417625 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma like lesions outside of the uterus. Although several hypothesis have tried to explain the underlying cause of endometriosis, yet the main cause remained obscure. Recent studies have shown contribution of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Two classes of these transcripts namely long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have mostly attracted attention of researchers. Several studies have reported aberrant expression of these transcripts in affected tissues from patients as well as animal models. Modulation of important signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, P38-MAPK, ERK1/2-MAPK and Wnt-β catenin by miRNAs and lncRNAs have potentiated these molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic agents in endometriosis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms with miR-126, miR-143 and miR-146b have been associated with risk of endometriosis. Moreover, miRNAs and lncRNAs control inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, thus understanding the role of these transcripts in endometriosis is a possible way to develop novel diagnostic tests and therapeutic targets for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Function and Regulatory Network of miR-200b-3p in Endometriosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3962953. [PMID: 32802844 PMCID: PMC7414375 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3962953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective MicroRNAs play vital roles in the development of endometriosis. It is reported that miR-200b-3p is downregulated in endometriosis, although its mechanisms in this disease remain still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the function and potential regulatory network of miR-200b-3p in endometriosis through database analysis. Methods The endometriosis gene expression profiles were downloaded from the GEO database to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The predicted and validated target genes of miR-200b-3p were obtained from miRWalk and miRTarBase database. Then, a comparison was performed between miR-200b-3p target genes and DEGs. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of the target genes was performed using clusterProfiler package. STRING was used to predict the protein-protein interaction among the proteins encoded by the target genes. Then, TransmiR, LncBase, StarBase, PROMO, and AnimalTFDB were employed to identify interactive transcription factors and lncRNAs of miR-200b-3p. Results miR-200b-3p was associated with the transcription factors DNMT1, EZH2, HNF1B, JUN, MYB, ZEB1, and ZEB2 during the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The downstream 110 target genes were involved in the biological processes of positive regulation of MAPK cascade, muscle cell proliferation, organ growth, vasculogenesis, and axon development. KEGG analysis revealed that the main pathways related to miR-200b-3p were microRNAs in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, colorectal cancer, and tight junction. In addition, four lncRNAs such as MALAT1, NEAT1, SNHG22, and XIST interacted with miR-200b-3p and were associated with transcription factors FOXP3 and YY1. Conclusion The predicted target genes and molecular regulatory network of miR-200b-3p in endometriosis not only revealed its biological function but also provided a valuable guideline for further research.
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Fahim SA, Abdullah MS, Espinoza-Sánchez NA, Hassan H, Ibrahim AM, Ahmed SH, Shakir G, Badawy MA, Zakhary NI, Greve B, El-Shinawi M, Götte M, Ibrahim SA. Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma: Elevated microRNA miR-181b-5p and Reduced miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p Expression as Potential Biomarkers with Diagnostic Value. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1059. [PMID: 32708601 PMCID: PMC7407124 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive breast cancer variant, associated with a poor prognosis. The major challenge for IBC is misdiagnosis due to the lack of molecular biomarkers. We profiled dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in primary samples of IBC and non-IBC tumors using human breast cancer miRNA PCR array. We discovered that 28 miRNAs were dysregulated (10 were upregulated, while 18 were underexpressed) in IBC vs. non-IBC tumors. We identified 128 hub genes, which are putative targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs and modulate important cancer biological processes. Furthermore, our qPCR analysis independently verified a significantly upregulated expression of miR-181b-5p, whereas a significant downregulation of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p was detected in IBC tumors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves implied that the four miRNAs individually had a diagnostic accuracy in discriminating patients with IBC from non-IBC and that miR-203a-3p had the highest diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.821. Interestingly, a combination of miR-181b-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-200c-3p robustly improved the diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.897. Intriguingly, qPCR revealed that the expression of zinc finger E box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) mRNA, the putative target of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p, was upregulated in IBC tumors. Overall, this study identified a set of miRNAs serving as potential biomarkers with diagnostic relevance for IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Atef Fahim
- Biochemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Salah Abdullah
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Ayman M. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Sarah Hamdy Ahmed
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
| | - George Shakir
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.H.A.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Badawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Nadia I. Zakhary
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt;
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy–Radiooncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Sherif Abdelaziz Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.); (A.M.I.)
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Bjorkman S, Taylor HS. MicroRNAs in endometriosis: biological function and emerging biomarker candidates†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1135-1146. [PMID: 30721951 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNA molecules, have been recognized as key post-transcriptional regulators associated with a multitude of human diseases. Global expression profiling studies have uncovered hundreds of miRNAs that are dysregulated in several diseases, and yielded many candidate biomarkers. This review will focus on miRNAs in endometriosis, a common chronic disease affecting nearly 10% of reproductive-aged women, which can cause pelvic pain, infertility, and a myriad of other symptoms. Endometriosis has delayed time to diagnosis when compared to other chronic diseases, as there is no current accurate, easily accessible, and noninvasive tool for diagnosis. Specific miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for this disease in multiple studies. These and other miRNAs have been linked to target genes and functional pathways in disease-specific pathophysiology. Highlighting investigations into the roles of tissue and circulating miRNAs in endometriosis, published through June 2018, this review summarizes new connections between miRNA expression and the pathophysiology of endometriosis, including impacts on fertility. Future applications of miRNA biomarkers for precision medicine in diagnosing and managing endometriosis treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bjorkman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Kumar Katakam S, Tria V, Sim WC, Yip GW, Molgora S, Karnavas T, Elghonaimy EA, Pelucchi P, Piscitelli E, Ibrahim SA, Zucchi I, Reinbold R, Greve B, Götte M. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 regulates colon cancer stem cell function via a focal adhesion kinase-Wnt signaling axis. FEBS J 2020; 288:486-506. [PMID: 32367652 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In colon cancer, downregulation of the transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) is associated with increased invasiveness, metastasis, and dedifferentiation. As Sdc-1 modulates signaling pathways relevant to stem cell function, we tested the hypothesis that it may regulate a tumor-initiating cell phenotype. Sdc-1 small-interfering RNA knockdown in the human colon cancer cell lines Caco2 and HT-29 resulted in an increased side population (SP), enhanced aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity, and higher expression of CD133, LGR5, EPCAM, NANOG, SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 2, KLF2, and TCF4/TCF7L2. Sdc-1 knockdown enhanced sphere formation, cell viability, Matrigel invasiveness, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related gene expression. Sdc-1-depleted HT-29 xenograft growth was increased compared to controls. Decreased Sdc-1 expression was associated with an increased activation of β1-integrins, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and wingless-type (Wnt) signaling. Pharmacological FAK and Wnt inhibition blocked the enhanced stem cell phenotype and invasive growth. Sequential flow cytometric SP enrichment substantially enhanced the stem cell phenotype of Sdc-1-depleted cells, which showed increased resistance to doxorubicin chemotherapy and irradiation. In conclusion, Sdc-1 depletion cooperatively enhances activation of integrins and FAK, which then generates signals for increased invasiveness and cancer stem cell properties. Our findings may provide a novel concept to target a stemness-associated signaling axis as a therapeutic strategy to reduce metastatic spread and cancer recurrence. DATABASES: The GEO accession number of the Affymetrix transcriptomic screening is GSE58751.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Tria
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Wey-Cheng Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefano Molgora
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Theodoros Karnavas
- Chromatin Dynamics Unit, Vita Salute San Raffaele University and Research Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eslam A Elghonaimy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Paride Pelucchi
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piscitelli
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | | | - Ileana Zucchi
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Rolland Reinbold
- Istituto di Technologie Biomediche Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, ITB-CNR, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy - Radiooncology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Germany
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Piperigkou Z, Franchi M, Riethmüller C, Götte M, Karamanos NK. miR-200b restrains EMT and aggressiveness and regulates matrix composition depending on ER status and signaling in mammary cancer. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100024. [PMID: 33543022 PMCID: PMC7852204 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) reside in a complex regulatory network with extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules, which affect cell-cell communication, therefore miRNA expression highlights its significance in several aspects of human diseases, including cancer. miRNA-mediated regulation of breast cancer has received considerable attention due to evidence that shows miRNAs to mediate estrogen receptor (ER) status, metastasis, chemoresistance and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). miR-200b is a pluripotent miRNA, which is inversely regulated by ERα and ERβ in mammary cancer. It has been identified as tumor suppressor and EMT inhibitor serving as a critical biomarker, as its expression in breast tumor determines the disease-free survival, thus highlighting its roles in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. The main goal of this study was to investigate the role of miR-200b in modulating the behavior of breast cancer cells with different ER status. We demonstrate that estrogen signaling through ERs reduces miR-200b expression levels in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Moreover, miR-200b upregulation reduces the aggressive phenotype of ERβ-positive breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell invasiveness and motility, followed by ECM reorganization as well as cytoskeletal and morphological changes concluded from deep inspection of cell topography. Future investigation towards the mechanistic perspective of miR-200b effects in the behavior of aggressive mammary cancer cells appears rewarding in order to expand our understanding of miR-200b as a novel mediator beyond breast cancer diagnosis and pharmaceutical targeting.
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Key Words
- Breast cancer
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition
- ER, estrogen receptor
- Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- Estrogen receptors
- Extracellular matrix
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- GF, growth factor
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- IGF-IR, insulin-like growth factor receptor type I
- IL, interleukin
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- PG, proteoglycan
- PR, progesterone receptor
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- SERM, selective estrogen receptor modulator
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta
- miR-200b
- miRNA, microRNA
- miRNAs
- pre-miRNA, precursor miRNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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Luo Y, Wang D, Chen S, Yang Q. The role of miR-34c-5p/Notch in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometriosis. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109666. [PMID: 32353411 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis, a common benign gynecological disease, has the growth characteristics of malignant tumors, however, the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear. It is well known that micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), associated with the development of endometriosis. This study investigated the role of a specific miRNA, miR-34c-5p, in endometriosis. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) showed that miR-34c-5p expression was reduced in ectopic endometrium (ecEM) in patients from Northeast Asia with ovarian endometriosis. A wound healing assay and a transwell invasion assay showed that miR-34c-5p inhibits the invasion and migration of Ishikawa and End1/E6E7 endocervical cells. Dual luciferase gene reporter assays revealed that miR-34c-5p specifically targets Notch1 3 'UTR, and Western blot analyses showed that miR-34c-5p promotes E-cadherin expression but inhibits Notch1, N-cadherin and vimentin expression in Ishikawa and End1/E6E7 cell lines. These results were reversed following knockdown of miR-34c-5p. Using quantitative real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses, there was a significant reduction in the expression of Notch1 in ecEM compared with eutopic endometrium (euEM). The results of this study indicate that miR-34c-5p inhibits the progression of EMT and cell invasion and migration by targeting the Notch signaling pathway, specifically, Notch1. The findings of this study provide unique insights into the development of EMT in endometriosis and novel, potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Luo
- Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China
| | - Silei Chen
- Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China
| | - Qing Yang
- Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
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Knockdown of Musashi RNA Binding Proteins Decreases Radioresistance but Enhances Cell Motility and Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062169. [PMID: 32245259 PMCID: PMC7139790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of Musashi (MSI) RNA-binding proteins, important stemness-associated gene expression regulators, remains insufficiently understood in breast cancer. This study identifies the interplay between MSI protein expression, stem cell characteristics, radioresistance, cell invasiveness and migration. MSI-1, MSI-2 and Notch pathway elements were investigated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 19 triple-negative breast cancer samples. Measurements were repeated in MDA-MB-231 cells after MSI-1 and -2 siRNA-mediated double knockdown, with further experiments performed after MSI silencing. Flow cytometry helped quantify expression of CD44 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), changes in apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Proliferation and irradiation-induced effects were assessed using colony formation assays. Radiation-related proteins were investigated via Western blots. Finally, cell invasion assays and digital holographic microscopy for cell migration were performed. MSI proteins showed strong correlations with Notch pathway elements. MSI knockdown resulted in reduction of stem cell marker expression, cell cycle progression and proliferation, while increasing apoptosis. Cells were radiosensitized as radioresistance-conferring proteins were downregulated. However, MSI-silencing-mediated LIFR downregulation resulted in enhanced cell invasion and migration. We conclude that, while MSI knockdown results in several therapeutically desirable consequences, enhanced invasion and migration need to be counteracted before knockdown advantages can be fully exploited.
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Biomarkers for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051750. [PMID: 32143439 PMCID: PMC7084761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early and accurate diagnosis of endometriosis is crucial for the management of this benign, yet debilitating pathology. Despite the advances of modern medicine, there is no common ground regarding the pathophysiology of this disease as it continues to affect the quality of life of millions of women of reproductive age. The lack of specific symptoms often determines a belated diagnosis. The gold standard remains invasive, surgery followed by a histopathological exam. A biomarker or a panel of biomarkers is easy to measure, usually noninvasive, and could benefit the clinician in both diagnosing and monitoring the treatment response. Several studies have advanced the idea of biomarkers for endometriosis, thereby circumventing unnecessary invasive techniques. Our paper aims at harmonizing the results of these studies in the search of promising perspectives on early diagnosis. METHODS We selected the papers from Google Academic, PubMed, and CrossRef and reviewed recent articles from the literature, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of various putative serum and urinary biomarkers for endometriosis. RESULTS The majority of studies focused on a panel of biomarkers, rather than a single biomarker and were unable to identify a single biomolecule or a panel of biomarkers with sufficient specificity and sensitivity in endometriosis. CONCLUSION Noninvasive biomarkers, proteomics, genomics, and miRNA microarray may aid the diagnosis, but further research on larger datasets along with a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms are needed.
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Vashisht A, Alali Z, Nothnick WB. Deciphering the Role of miRNAs in Endometriosis Pathophysiology Using Experimental Endometriosis Mouse Models. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2020; 232:79-97. [PMID: 33278008 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an enigmatic disease for which we still have a poor understanding on how and why the disease develops. In recent years, miRNAs, small noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally, have been evaluated for their role in endometriosis pathophysiology. This review will provide a brief summary on the role of miRNAs in endometrial physiology and pathophysiology as related to endometriosis. We will then discuss mouse models used in endometriosis research and the incorporation of some of these models in studies which examined the role of miRNAs in endometriosis pathophysiology. We conclude with providing future prospective on the role of mouse models in dissecting the role of miRNAs in endometriosis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Vashisht
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Zahraa Alali
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Warren B Nothnick
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Center for Reproductive Sciences, Institute for Reproductive and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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36
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What Have We Learned from Animal Models of Endometriosis and How Can We Use the Knowledge Gained to Improve Treatment of Patients? ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2020; 232:99-111. [PMID: 33278009 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a complex disorder with a high socio-economic impact. Development of effective novel drug therapies which can be given to women to relieve chronic pain symptoms without side effects such as hormone suppression is urgently required, but progress has been slow. Several different rodent models of 'endometriosis' have been developed, the majority of which mimic aspects of peritoneal disease (e.g. 'lesions' in peritoneal cavity either surgically or spontaneously attached to wall, mesentery, fat). Results obtained using these models have informed our understanding of aetiology including evidence for differential expression of regulatory factors in lesions and impacts on pain perception and fertility. Refinement of these models to ensure reproducibility, extension of models to replicate ovarian and deep disease, complementary in vitro approaches and robust experimental design are all needed to ensure preclinical drug testing results in positive findings in clinical trials and translation for patient benefit.
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Liu Y, Lu C, Fan L, Wang J, Li T, Liu Z, Sheng J, Qian R, Duan A, Lu D. MiR-199a-5p Targets ZEB1 to Inhibit the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Ovarian Ectopic Endometrial Stromal Cells Via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signal Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:110-118. [PMID: 32046378 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis (Ems) is a common gynecological disease with the characteristics of infertility, pelvic pain, and sexual intercourse difficulty. Our present study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-199a-5p on cell mobility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Ems. Ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EcSCs) and control endometrial stromal cells (CSCs) were isolated in our in vitro experiments. The level of miR-199a-5p in EcSCs was found much lower than that in CSCs. Besides, miR-199a-5p mimic suppressed the invasion and migration ability of EcSCs. At the same time, EMT was also found to be suppressed by miR-199a-5p mimic in EcSCs. Our further bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that ZEB1, a marker of EMT, was a direct target of miR-199a-5p. In addition, the combination of pcDNA3.1-ZEB1 weakened the inhibiting effect of miR-199a-5p mimic on the mobility and EMT of EcSCs. What is more, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway was demonstrated to be inactivated by miR-199a-5p mimic. And then, the inducer of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway, IGF-1, abolished the effect of miR-199a-5p mimic on Ems progression. At last, an Ems rat model was established, and we found that miR-199a-5p agomir effectively suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and EMT in vivo. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway was also inactivated by miR-199a-5p agomir in our Ems rat model. Taken together, we concluded that miR-199a-5p targeted ZEB1 to inhibit the EMT of ovarian ectopic endometrial stromal cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway in vitro and in vivo, advancing our understanding of miR-199a-5p as regulators of Ems progression and making contribution to the treatment of Ems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Linyuan Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - RuiYa Qian
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Aihong Duan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Laganà AS, Garzon S, Götte M, Viganò P, Franchi M, Ghezzi F, Martin DC. The Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: Molecular and Cell Biology Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5615. [PMID: 31717614 PMCID: PMC6888544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis is a multifactorial process resulting in a heterogeneous disease. Considering that endometriosis etiology and pathogenesis are still far from being fully elucidated, the current review aims to offer a comprehensive summary of the available evidence. We performed a narrative review synthesizing the findings of the English literature retrieved from computerized databases from inception to June 2019, using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) unique ID term "Endometriosis" (ID:D004715) with "Etiology" (ID:Q000209), "Immunology" (ID:Q000276), "Genetics" (ID:D005823) and "Epigenesis, Genetic" (ID:D044127). Endometriosis may origin from Müllerian or non-Müllerian stem cells including those from the endometrial basal layer, Müllerian remnants, bone marrow, or the peritoneum. The innate ability of endometrial stem cells to regenerate cyclically seems to play a key role, as well as the dysregulated hormonal pathways. The presence of such cells in the peritoneal cavity and what leads to the development of endometriosis is a complex process with a large number of interconnected factors, potentially both inherited and acquired. Genetic predisposition is complex and related to the combined action of several genes with limited influence. The epigenetic mechanisms control many of the processes involved in the immunologic, immunohistochemical, histological, and biological aberrations that characterize the eutopic and ectopic endometrium in affected patients. However, what triggers such alterations is not clear and may be both genetically and epigenetically inherited, or it may be acquired by the particular combination of several elements such as the persistent peritoneal menstrual reflux as well as exogenous factors. The heterogeneity of endometriosis and the different contexts in which it develops suggest that a single etiopathogenetic model is not sufficient to explain its complex pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, Piazza Biroldi 1, 21100 Varese, Italy; (S.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, Piazza Biroldi 1, 21100 Varese, Italy; (S.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20136 Milan, Italy;
| | - Massimo Franchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Fabio Ghezzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, Piazza Biroldi 1, 21100 Varese, Italy; (S.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Dan C. Martin
- School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
- Virginia Commonwealth University, 907 Floyd Ave, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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Marí-Alexandre J, Carcelén AP, Agababyan C, Moreno-Manuel A, García-Oms J, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Gilabert-Estellés J. Interplay Between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Ovarian Conditions with a Focus on Ovarian Cancer and Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215322. [PMID: 31731537 PMCID: PMC6862266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer and endometriosis are two distinct gynaecological conditions that share many biological aspects incuding proliferation, invasion of surrounding tissue, inflammation, inhibition of apoptosis, deregulation of angiogenesis and the ability to spread at a distance. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (19–22 nt) that act as post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression and are involved in several of the aforementioned processes. In addition, a growing body of evidence supports the contribution of oxidative stress (OS) to these gynaecological diseases: increased peritoneal OS due to the decomposition of retrograde menstruation blood facilitates both endometriotic lesion development and fallopian tube malignant transformation leading to high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Furthermore, as HGSOC develops, increased OS levels are associated with chemoresistance. Finally, continued bleeding within ovarian endometrioma raises OS levels and contributes to the development of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Therefore, this review aims to address the need for a better understanding of the dialogue between miRNAs and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of ovarian conditions: endometriosis, EAOC and HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Marí-Alexandre
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-313-1893 (ext. 437211)
| | | | - Cristina Agababyan
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Andrea Moreno-Manuel
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Javier García-Oms
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46014 València, Spain
| | - Juan Gilabert-Estellés
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of València, 46010 València, Spain
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Liu Z, Liu L, Zhong Y, Cai M, Gao J, Tan C, Han X, Guo R, Han L. LncRNA H19 over-expression inhibited Th17 cell differentiation to relieve endometriosis through miR-342-3p/IER3 pathway. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:84. [PMID: 31636893 PMCID: PMC6792244 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mechanism of LncRNA H19 in Th17 cell differentiation and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) proliferation in endometriosis (EMS). Methods LncRNA H19, miR-342-3p and IER3 expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The percentage of Th17 cells/CD4+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry. IL-17 level was measured by ELISA. The interaction of miR-342-3p and IER3 was confirmed by Luciferase reporter assay. Results LncRNA H19 and IER3 expressions were down-regulated in mononuclear cells from peritoneal fluid (PFMCs) of patients with EMS or under Th17 differentiation conditions, whereas miR-342-3p expression was up-regulated and the percentage of Th17 cells was increased in PFMCs of patients with EMS or under Th17 differentiation conditions. Over-expression of LncRNA H19 decreased IL-17 level and the percentage of Th17 cells/CD4+ T cells. Besides, we confirmed that miR-342-3p could target to IER3 and negatively regulate IER3 expression. LncRNA H19 over-expression suppressed Th17 differentiation and ESC proliferation through regulating miR-342-3p/IER3. In vivo experiments showed LncRNA H19 over-expression suppressed the growth of Th17 cell differentiation-induced endometriosis-like lesions. Conclusion LncRNA H19 was down-regulated in PFMC of patients with EMS or under Th17 polarizing conditions, and LncRNA H19 over-expression suppressed Th17 cell differentiation and ESCs proliferation through miR-342-3p/IER3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheying Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Liya Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbo Cai
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Junbi Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyue Tan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Guo
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Han
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Nicholes K, Shih IM. The Origin and Pathogenesis of Endometriosis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2019; 15:71-95. [PMID: 31479615 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent molecular genetic findings on endometriosis and normal endometrium suggest a modified model in which circulating epithelial progenitor or stem cells intended to regenerate uterine endometrium after menstruation may become overreactive and trapped outside the uterus. These trapped epithelium-committed progenitor cells form nascent glands through clonal expansion and recruit polyclonal stromal cells, leading to the establishment of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Once formed, the ectopic tissue becomes subject to immune surveillance, resulting in chronic inflammation. The inflammatory response orchestrated by nuclear factor-κB signaling is exacerbated by aberrations in the estrogen receptor-β and progesterone receptor pathways, which are also affected by local inflammation, forming a dysregulated inflammation-hormonal loop. Glandular epithelium within endometriotic tissue harbors cancer-associated mutations that are frequently detected in endometriosis-related ovarian cancers. In this review, we summarize recent advances that have illuminated the origin and pathogenesis of endometriosis and have provided new avenues for research that promise to improve the early diagnosis and management of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Wang
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA; , ,
| | - Kristen Nicholes
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA; , ,
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA; , , .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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Wang D, Luo Y, Wang G, Yang Q. Circular RNA expression profiles and bioinformatics analysis in ovarian endometriosis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00756. [PMID: 31144476 PMCID: PMC6637292 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) with miRNA response elements (MREs) could function as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in regulating gene expression, thus playing vital roles in pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. However, the function of circRNAs in endometriosis remains unknown. This study was carried to profile the expression patterns of circRNAs in ovarian endometriosis. Methods High throughput RNA‐Seq was performed in six paired ectopic and eutopic endometrium tissues (ecEM vs. euEM), followed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in 30 paired samples. Through bioinformatics prediction, we constructed a circRNA‐miRNA ‐mRNA network and elucidated circRNAs functions by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Results A total of 146 upregulated and 148 downregulated circRNAs were identified, binding with 2,495 MREs. The qRT‐PCR validation results of four upregulated circRNAs matched the RNA‐Seq data. The ceRNA network included 48 miRNAs and 296 mRNAs. Functional analysis revealed several important pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway, and PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway, which might be associated with the pathogenesis and development of endometriosis. Conclusion Our data suggested that circRNAs are differentially expressed in endometriosis, which might be candidate factors for pathogenesis of this disease and be considered as promising therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yajuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangwei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang F, Li Y, Xu W, He L, Tan Y, Xu H. Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 regulates the malignant progression of gastric cancer via the microRNA-200b-3p/Wnt1 axis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1289-1299. [PMID: 30999814 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1606697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor. Studies from our laboratory or others have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) zinc finger antisense (ZFAS)1 often acts as an oncogene. However, the molecular underpinnings of how ZFAS1 regulates gastric cancer remain to be elucidated. Results showed that ZFAS1 expression was upregulated, and microRNA-200b-3p (miR-200b) expression was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues. MiR-200b overexpression suppressed the proliferation, cell cycle process, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling of gastric cancer cells. Subsequently, we identified miR-200b is a target of ZFAS1 and Wnt1 is a target of miR-200b. Furthermore, promotion of cancer malignant progression and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling induced by ZFAS1 was counteracted by increasing miR-200b expression. In vivo, ZFAS1 knockdown suppressed the tumorigenesis with the upregulated miR-200b and the inactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Summarily, we demonstrated a critical role of miR-200b in gastric cancer, and ZFAS1 can promote malignant progression through regulating miR-200b mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiran Xu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang He
- b Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tan
- c Department of Tumor Biotherapy Center , The People's Hospital of Jilin Province , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
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Santamaria X, Mas A, Cervelló I, Taylor H, Simon C. Uterine stem cells: from basic research to advanced cell therapies. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 24:673-693. [PMID: 30239705 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell research in the endometrium and myometrium from animal models and humans has led to the identification of endometrial/myometrial stem cells and their niches. This basic knowledge is beginning to be translated to clinical use for incurable uterine pathologies. Additionally, the implication of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) in uterine physiology has opened the field for the exploration of an exogenous and autologous source of stem cells. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In this review, we outline the progress of endometrial and myometrial stem/progenitor cells in both human and mouse models from their characterization to their clinical application, indicating roles in Asherman syndrome, atrophic endometrium and tissue engineering, among others. SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2017 was conducted to identify peer-reviewed literature related to the contribution of bone marrow, endometrial and myometrial stem cells to potential physiological regeneration as well as their implications in pathologies of the human uterus. OUTCOMES The discovery and main characteristics of stem cells in the murine and human endometrium and myometrium are presented together with the relevance of their niches and cross-regulation. The current state of advanced stem cell therapy using BMDSCs in the treatment of Asherman syndrome and atrophic endometrium is analyzed. In the myometrium, the understanding of genetic and epigenetic defects that result in the development of tumor-initiating cells in the myometrial stem niche and thus contribute to the growth of uterine leiomyoma is also presented. Finally, recent advances in tissue engineering based on the creation of novel three-dimensional scaffolds or decellularisation open up new perspectives for the field of uterine transplantation. WIDER IMPLICATIONS More than a decade after their discovery, the knowledge of uterine stem cells and their niches is crystalising into novel therapeutic approaches aiming to treat with cells those conditions that cannot be cured with drugs, particularly the currently incurable uterine pathologies. Additional work and improvements are needed, but the basis has been formed for this therapeutic application of uterine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Santamaria
- Reproductive Medicine Department, Igenomix Academy, Paterna (Valencia), Spain.,Reproductive Medicine Department, IVI Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aymara Mas
- Reproductive Medicine Department, Igenomix Academy, Paterna (Valencia), Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Cervelló
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), and Instituto Universitario IVI/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hugh Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos Simon
- Reproductive Medicine Department, Igenomix Academy, Paterna (Valencia), Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Valencia University and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Vassilopoulou L, Matalliotakis M, Zervou MI, Matalliotaki C, Krithinakis K, Matalliotakis I, Spandidos DA, Goulielmos GN. Defining the genetic profile of endometriosis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3267-3281. [PMID: 30988702 PMCID: PMC6447774 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a pathological condition which has been extensively studied, since its pathophysiology stems from a broad spectrum of environmental influences and genetic factors. Familial studies aim at defining inheritance trends, while linkage analysis studies focus on the identification of genetic sites related to endometriosis susceptibility. Genetic association studies take into account candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms, and hence target at unraveling the association between disease severity and genetic variation. The common goal of various types of studies is, through genetic mapping methods, the timely identification of therapeutic strategies for disease symptoms, including pelvic pain and infertility, as well as efficient counselling. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) play a primary role in depicting genetic contributions to disease development, they entail a certain bias as regards the case-control nature of their design and the reproducibility of the results. Nevertheless, genetic-oriented studies and the implementation of the results through clinical tests, hold a considerable advantage in proper disease management. In this review article, we present information about gene-gene and gene-environment interactions involved in endometriosis and discuss the effectiveness of GWAS in identitying novel potential therapeutic targets in an attempt to develop novel therapeutic strategies for a better management and treatment of patients with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukia Vassilopoulou
- Laboratory of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Michail Matalliotakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Venizeleio and Pananio General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Maria I Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Charoula Matalliotaki
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Venizeleio and Pananio General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Krithinakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71500, Greece
| | - Ioannis Matalliotakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Venizeleio and Pananio General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - George N Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Mashayekhi P, Noruzinia M, Zeinali S, Khodaverdi S. Endometriotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Epigenetic Pathogenesis: Deregulation of miR-200b, miR-145, and let7b in A Functional Imbalanced Epigenetic Disease. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:179-185. [PMID: 30825291 PMCID: PMC6397607 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective Stem cell issue is a strong theory in endometriosis pathogenesis. It seems that endometriotic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show different characteristics compared to the normal MSCs. Determined high proliferation and low differentiation/decidualization potential of endometriotic MSCs could be accompanied by their microRNAs deregulation influencing their fate and function. In this study for the first time, we evaluated the expression of miR-200b, miR-145, and let-7b in endometriotic compared to non-endometriotic MSCs. These microRNAs are involved in biological pathways related to proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Their aberrant expressions can disturb the proliferation/ differentiation balance in stem cells, altering their function and causing various diseases, like endometriosis. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, MSCs were isolated from three endometriotic and three nonendometriotic eutopic endometrium, followed by their characterization and culture. Expression of miR-200b, miR-145, and let-7b was ultimately analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results We found that the expression of miR-200b was up-regulated (P<0.0001) whereas the expression of miR-145 and let-7b was down-regulated (P<0.0001) in endometriotic MSCs in comparison with non-endometriotic normal controls. Conclusion Proliferation and differentiation are important dynamic balanced biological processes, while in equillibrium, they determine a healthy stem cell fate. It seems that they are deregulated in endometriotic MSCs and change their function. miR-200b, miR-145, and let-7b are deregulated during endometriosis and they have pivotal roles in the modulating proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. We found up-regulation of miR-200b and down-regulation of miR-145 and let-7b in endometriotic MSCs. These changes can increase self-renewal and migration, while decreasing differentiation of endometriotic MSCs. Our achievements emphasize previous findings on the importance of proliferation/ differentiation balance in MSCs and clarify the role of microRNAs as main players in faulty endometriotic stem cells development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mashayekhi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Noruzinia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khodaverdi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Liolios T, Kastora SL, Colombo G. MicroRNAs in Female Malignancies. Cancer Inform 2019; 18:1176935119828746. [PMID: 30792572 PMCID: PMC6376555 DOI: 10.1177/1176935119828746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 22-nucleotide RNAs that can play a fundamental regulatory role in the gene expression of various organisms. Current research suggests that miRNAs can assume pivotal roles in carcinogenesis. In this article, through bioinformatics mining and computational analysis, we determine a single miRNA commonly involved in the development of breast, cervical, endometrial, ovarian, and vulvar cancer, whereas we underline the existence of 7 more miRNAs common in all examined malignancies with the exception of vulvar cancer. Furthermore, we identify their target genes and encoded biological functions. We also analyze common biological processes on which all of the identified miRNAs act and we suggest a potential mechanism of action. In addition, we analyze exclusive miRNAs among the examined malignancies and bioinformatically explore their functionality. Collectively, our data can be employed in in vitro assays as a stepping stone in the identification of a universal machinery that is derailed in female malignancies, whereas exclusive miRNAs may be employed as putative targets for future chemotherapeutic agents or cancer-specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis Liolios
- Hellenic Republic National and
Kapodistrian, University of Athens, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Giorgia Colombo
- University of Aberdeen, School of
Medicine and Dentistry, Aberdeen, UK
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48
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Feng S, Cai X, Li Y, Jian X, Zhang L, Li B. Tripartite motif-containing 14 (TRIM14) promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via ZEB2 in glioblastoma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:57. [PMID: 30728039 PMCID: PMC6364431 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several members of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family have been reported to serve as vital regulators of tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated an oncogenic role of TRIM 14 in multiple human cancers; however, the importance of this protein in glioblastoma remains to be elucidated. METHODS The expression levels of TRIM14 were analyzed in a series of database and were examined in a variety of glioblastoma cell lines. Two independent TRIM14 shRNA were transfected into LN229 and U251 cells, and the effect of TRIM14 depletion was confirmed. Transwell assay and wound healing assay assay were carried out to assess the effect of TRIM14 depletion on glioblastoma cell invasion and migration. Western blotting was performed to screen the downstream gene of TRIM14. The stability analysis and Ubiquitylation assays and Orthotopic xenograft studies were also performed to investigate the role of TRIM14 and the relationship with downstream gene. Human glioblastoma tissues were obtained and immunohistochemical staining were carried out to confirm the clinical significance of TRIM14. RESULTS In this study, we showed that TRIM14 was upregulated in human glioblastoma specimens and cell lines, and correlated with glioblastoma progression and shorter patient survival times. Functional experiments showed that decreased TRIM14 expression reduced glioblastoma cell invasion and migration. Furthermore, we identified that zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), a transcription factor involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, is a downstream target of TRIM14. Further investigation revealed that TRIM14 inactivation significantly facilitated ZEB2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which led to aggressive invasion and migration. Our findings provide insight into the specific biological role of TRIM14 in tumor invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the specific biological role of TRIM14 in tumor invasion, and suggest that targeting the TRIM14/ZEB2 axis might be a novel therapeutic approach for blocking glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Feng
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Jian
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linxin Zhang
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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49
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Du Y, Zhang Z, Xiong W, Li N, Liu H, He H, Li Q, Liu Y, Zhang L. Estradiol promotes EMT in endometriosis via MALAT1/miR200s sponge function. Reproduction 2019; 157:179-188. [PMID: 30500775 PMCID: PMC7305834 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent benign gynecological disease that shares some common features of malignancy. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recognized as a core mechanism of endometriosis. MALAT1 is widely known as EMT promoter, while miR200 family members (miR200s) are considered as EMT inhibitors. Previous studies have reported that MALAT1 upregulation and miR200s downregulation are observed in endometriosis. MiR200c has been regarded as the strongest member of miR200s to interact with MALAT1. However, whether MALAT1/miR200c regulates EMT remains largely unclear. In this study, the roles of miR200s and MALAT1 in ectopic endometrium were investigated. Additionally, the effects of E2 on EMT and MALAT1/miR200s were examined in both EECs and Ishikawa cells. Notably, E2 could upregulate MALAT1 and downregulate miR200s expression levels and induce EMT in EECs and Ishikawa cells. PHTPP, an ERβ antagonist, could reverse the effect of E2. Overexpression of miR200c and knockdown of MALAT1 significantly inhibited E2-mediated EMT, suggesting that both miR200c and MALAT1 are involved in the E2-induced EMT process in endometriosis. In addition, a reciprocal inhibition was found between miR200s and MALAT1. Therefore, the role of MALAT1/miR200c in EMT is influenced by the presence of estrogen during endometriosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Wenqian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hengwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Haitang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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50
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Zhang H, Li G, Sheng X, Zhang S. Upregulation of miR‑33b promotes endometriosis via inhibition of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling and ZEB1 expression. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2144-2152. [PMID: 30664209 PMCID: PMC6390049 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms of microRNA (miR)‑33b in endometriosis (Ems). Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), MTT assays, flow cytometry, caspase‑3/9 activity assays and western blotting were performed in the present study. Initially, miR‑33b expression in an Ems rat model was investigated by RT‑qPCR and was demonstrated to be upregulated in Ems tissue samples of rats compared with the control group. In addition, miR‑33b upregulation inhibited cell growth and enhanced apoptosis in an Ems model (primary cell cultures) compared with the control group. In addition, miR‑33b up‑regulation reduced Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway and suppressed zinc finger E‑box‑binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) protein expression in the in vitro Ems model (primary cell cultures) compared with the control group. Furthermore, small interfering‑ZEB1 ameliorated the effects of miR‑33b downregulation on Ems cell growth in the in vitro Ems model. Additionally, a Wnt agonist reduced the effects of miR‑33b upregulation on Ems cell growth in the in vitro Ems model. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that upregulation of miR‑33b may promote Ems through Wnt/β‑catenin by ZEB1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250002, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Gynecology Ward 1, Linyi City People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Xiugui Sheng
- Department of Gynecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Tumor Hospital, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250002, P.R. China
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