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Chisholm K, Schirmbeck F, Pinkham AE, Sasson NJ, Simons CJP, de Haan L, Harvey PD, Penn DL, Ziermans T. A Cross-sectional Conceptual Replication and Longitudinal Evaluation of the PANSS-Autism-Severity-Score Measure Suggests it Does Not Capture Autistic Traits in Individuals With Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2023:sbad161. [PMID: 37992238 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism and psychosis co-occur at elevated rates, with implications for clinical outcomes, functioning, and suicidality. The PANSS-Autism-Severity-Score (PAUSS) is a measure of autism trait severity which has not yet been validated externally or longitudinally. STUDY DESIGN Participants were derived from the GROUP and SCOPE datasets. Participants included 1448 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), 800 SSD-siblings, 103 adults diagnosed with an autistic spectrum condition (ASC), and 409 typically-developing controls (TC). Analyses from the original validation study were conducted with SSD participants, and extended into ASC, SSD-sibling, and TC participants. Test-retest reliability of the PAUSS at 2-weeks and long-term stability 3 and 6-years was also examined. STUDY RESULTS Results differed in important ways from the original validation. SSD participants reported higher PAUSS scores than other groups, with only a fraction of ASC participants scoring as "PAUSS-Autistic." Cronbach's alpha was acceptable for the SSD cohort only. Two-week stability of the PAUSS was fair to good for all PAUSS scores. Long-term stability was poor for most PAUSS items but fair for total PAUSS score. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the PAUSS does not appear appropriate for assessing autism, with the low rate of PAUSS-Autistic in the ASC population suggesting the PAUSS may not accurately reflect characteristics of autism. The relative lack of long-term stability is cause for concern and suggestive that the PAUSS is capturing features of psychosis rather than autism traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Chisholm
- School of Psychology, Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Aston St, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Frederike Schirmbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Meibergdreef, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy E Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Noah J Sasson
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Claudia J P Simons
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GGzE Institute for Mental Health Care, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Meibergdreef, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip D Harvey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Research Service, Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, USA
| | - David L Penn
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim Ziermans
- Department of Psychology, Dutch Autism & ADHD Research Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Falakshahi H, Rokham H, Miller R, Liu J, Calhoun VD. Network Differential in Gaussian Graphical Models from Multimodal Neuroimaging Data . ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-6. [PMID: 38083176 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal brain network analysis has the potential to provide insights into the mechanisms of brain disorders. Most previous studies have analyzed either unimodal brain graphs or focused on local/global graphic metrics with little consideration of details of disrupted paths in the patient group. As we show, the combination of multimodal brain graphs and disrupted path-based analysis can be highly illuminating to recognize path-based disease biomarkers. In this study, we first propose a way to estimate multimodal brain graphs using static functional network connectivity (sFNC) and gray matter features using a Gaussian graphical model of schizophrenia versus controls. Next, applying the graph theory approach we identify disconnectors or connectors in the patient group graph that create additional paths or cause absent paths compared to the control graph. Results showed several edges in the schizophrenia group graph that trigger missing or additional paths. Identified edges associated with these disrupted paths were identified both within and between dFNC and gray matter which highlights the importance of considering multimodal studies and moving beyond pairwise edges to provide a more comprehensive understanding of brain disorders.Clinical Relevance- We identified a path-based biomarker in schizophrenia, by imitating the structure of paths in a multimodal (sMIR+fMRI) brain graph of the control group. Identified cross-modal edges associated with disrupted paths were related to the middle temporal gyrus and cerebellar regions.
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3
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Schijven D, Postema MC, Fukunaga M, Matsumoto J, Miura K, de Zwarte SMC, van Haren NEM, Cahn W, Hulshoff Pol HE, Kahn RS, Ayesa-Arriola R, Ortiz-García de la Foz V, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Crespo-Facorro B, Alnæs D, Dahl A, Westlye LT, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Jönsson EG, Kochunov P, Bruggemann JM, Catts SV, Michie PT, Mowry BJ, Quidé Y, Rasser PE, Schall U, Scott RJ, Carr VJ, Green MJ, Henskens FA, Loughland CM, Pantelis C, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, de Haan L, Brosch K, Pfarr JK, Ringwald KG, Stein F, Jansen A, Kircher TTJ, Nenadić I, Krämer B, Gruber O, Satterthwaite TD, Bustillo J, Mathalon DH, Preda A, Calhoun VD, Ford JM, Potkin SG, Chen J, Tan Y, Wang Z, Xiang H, Fan F, Bernardoni F, Ehrlich S, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Garcia-Leon MA, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Salvador R, Sarró S, Pomarol-Clotet E, Ciullo V, Piras F, Vecchio D, Banaj N, Spalletta G, Michielse S, van Amelsvoort T, Dickie EW, Voineskos AN, Sim K, Ciufolini S, Dazzan P, Murray RM, Kim WS, Chung YC, Andreou C, Schmidt A, Borgwardt S, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC, Lawrie SM, du Plessis S, Luckhoff HK, Scheffler F, Emsley R, Grotegerd D, Lencer R, Dannlowski U, Edmond JT, Rootes-Murdy K, Stephen JM, Mayer AR, Antonucci LA, Fazio L, Pergola G, Bertolino A, Díaz-Caneja CM, Janssen J, Lois NG, Arango C, Tomyshev AS, Lebedeva I, Cervenka S, Sellgren CM, Georgiadis F, Kirschner M, Kaiser S, Hajek T, Skoch A, Spaniel F, Kim M, Kwak YB, Oh S, Kwon JS, James A, Bakker G, Knöchel C, Stäblein M, Oertel V, Uhlmann A, Howells FM, Stein DJ, Temmingh HS, Diaz-Zuluaga AM, Pineda-Zapata JA, López-Jaramillo C, Homan S, Ji E, Surbeck W, Homan P, Fisher SE, Franke B, Glahn DC, Gur RC, Hashimoto R, Jahanshad N, Luders E, Medland SE, Thompson PM, Turner JA, van Erp TGM, Francks C. Large-scale analysis of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2213880120. [PMID: 36976765 PMCID: PMC10083554 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213880120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Left-right asymmetry is an important organizing feature of the healthy brain that may be altered in schizophrenia, but most studies have used relatively small samples and heterogeneous approaches, resulting in equivocal findings. We carried out the largest case-control study of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia, with MRI data from 5,080 affected individuals and 6,015 controls across 46 datasets, using a single image analysis protocol. Asymmetry indexes were calculated for global and regional cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume measures. Differences of asymmetry were calculated between affected individuals and controls per dataset, and effect sizes were meta-analyzed across datasets. Small average case-control differences were observed for thickness asymmetries of the rostral anterior cingulate and the middle temporal gyrus, both driven by thinner left-hemispheric cortices in schizophrenia. Analyses of these asymmetries with respect to the use of antipsychotic medication and other clinical variables did not show any significant associations. Assessment of age- and sex-specific effects revealed a stronger average leftward asymmetry of pallidum volume between older cases and controls. Case-control differences in a multivariate context were assessed in a subset of the data (N = 2,029), which revealed that 7% of the variance across all structural asymmetries was explained by case-control status. Subtle case-control differences of brain macrostructural asymmetry may reflect differences at the molecular, cytoarchitectonic, or circuit levels that have functional relevance for the disorder. Reduced left middle temporal cortical thickness is consistent with altered left-hemisphere language network organization in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick Schijven
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen6525 XD, The Netherlands
| | - Merel C. Postema
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki444-8585, Japan
| | - Junya Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo187-8551, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo187-8551, Japan
| | - Sonja M. C. de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E. M. van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - René S. Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
- The Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY10468
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander39008, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander39011, Spain
| | - Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander39011, Spain
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez
- Department of Radiology, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander39011, Spain
- Advanced Computing and e-Science, Instituto de Física de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Santander39005, Spain
| | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander39008, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla41013, Spain
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo0373, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo0456, Norway
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo0373, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo0373, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo0372, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo0373, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm113 64, Sweden
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo0372, Norway
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo0450, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm113 64, Sweden
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Jason M. Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, Sydney2050, Australia
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney2006, Australia
| | - Stanley V. Catts
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane4006, Australia
| | - Patricia T. Michie
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
| | - Bryan J. Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane4072, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane4076, Australia
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
| | - Paul E. Rasser
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle2305, Australia
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
| | - Vaughan J. Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
| | - Melissa J. Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
| | - Frans A. Henskens
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
- PRC for Health Behaviour, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle2305, Australia
| | - Carmel M. Loughland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Mental Health Service, Newcastle2305, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne3053, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY13210
| | - Thomas W. Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney2031, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY13210
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Early Psychosis Department, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), Amsterdam1105 AZ, The Netherlands
- Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam1033 NN, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Kai G. Ringwald
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
- Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Tilo T. J. Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg35039, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg35032, Germany
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Department of General Psychiatry, Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg69115, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Department of General Psychiatry, Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg69115, Germany
| | - Theodore D. Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania & Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM87106
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA94121
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA30303
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA30303
| | - Judith M. Ford
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA94121
| | - Steven G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Long Beach VA Health Care System, Long Beach, CA90822
| | - Jingxu Chen
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing100096, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing100096, P.R. China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing100096, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing404188, P.R. China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing100096, P.R. China
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden01307, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden01307, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden01307, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden01307, Germany
| | - Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (Ciber del Área de Salud Mental), Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (Ciber del Área de Salud Mental), Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Benito Menni Complex Assistencial en Salut Mental, Barcelona08830, Spain
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (Ciber del Área de Salud Mental), Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (Ciber del Área de Salud Mental), Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona08035, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (Ciber del Área de Salud Mental), Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Valentina Ciullo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Stijn Michielse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Erin W. Dickie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, TorontoM5S 2S1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, TorontoM5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Aristotle N. Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, TorontoM5S 2S1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, TorontoM5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore539747, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore119228, Singapore
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, LondonSE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, LondonSE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, LondonSE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Woo-Sung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju54896, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju54896, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Christina Andreou
- Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics (Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken), University of Basel, Basel4002, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck23562, Germany
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics (Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken), University of Basel, Basel4002, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics (Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken), University of Basel, Basel4002, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck23562, Germany
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C. Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch7505, South Africa
- Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town7505, South Africa
| | - Hilmar K. Luckhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch7505, South Africa
| | - Freda Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch7505, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
| | - Robin Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch7505, South Africa
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster48149, Germany
| | - Rebekka Lencer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck23562, Germany
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster48149, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster48149, Germany
| | - Jesse T. Edmond
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA30303
| | - Kelly Rootes-Murdy
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA30303
| | | | | | - Linda A. Antonucci
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari70121, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari70121, Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari70121, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari70121, Italy
- Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, Bari70121, Italy
| | - Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid28040, Spain
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
| | - Noemi G. Lois
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid28009, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid28040, Spain
| | - Alexander S. Tomyshev
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow115522, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow115522, Russian Federation
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm113 64, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala751 85, Sweden
| | - Carl M. Sellgren
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm113 64, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Foivos Georgiadis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, MontrealH3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Adult Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva1202, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Hajek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany250 67, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, HalifaxB3H 2E2, Canada
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany250 67, Czech Republic
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany250 67, Czech Republic
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Anthony James
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Geor Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main60528, Germany
| | - Michael Stäblein
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main60528, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main60528, Germany
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - Fleur M. Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7505, South Africa
| | - Henk S. Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town7935, South Africa
| | - Ana M. Diaz-Zuluaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Group in Psychiatry (GIPSI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín050010, Colombia
| | - Julian A. Pineda-Zapata
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Group in Psychiatry (GIPSI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín050010, Colombia
| | - Carlos López-Jaramillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Group in Psychiatry (GIPSI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín050010, Colombia
| | - Stephanie Homan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
- Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich8050, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
| | - Werner Surbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Homan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich8008, Switzerland
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY11030
- Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY11004
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker School of Medicine at Northwell/Hofstra, New York, NY11549
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen6525 GA, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT06102
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania & Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo187-8551, Japan
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Eileen Luders
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland1010, New Zealand
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala752 37, Sweden
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane4006, Australia
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA30303
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA30303
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen6525 GA, The Netherlands
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4
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Choi SY, Ha M, Choi S, Moon SY, Park S, Kim M, Kwon JS. Altered intrinsic cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity is related to negative symptoms in patients with first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2023; 252:56-63. [PMID: 36628869 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative symptoms in schizophrenia include cognitive and affective dysfunction, such as diminished expression and amotivation. Although the cerebellar posterior hemisphere and vermis are involved in cognitive and affective functioning, previous studies on the neural mechanism of negative symptoms have mostly been confined to the cerebral cortex. This study aimed to investigate whether resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity (FC) is altered in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and whether this connectivity is related to negative symptoms. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance images were obtained from 38 FEP patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs). Using the posterior hemisphere and vermis of the cerebellum as seeds, whole-brain FC was compared between FEP patients and HCs. As cerebellar-parietal cortex connectivity is associated with negative symptoms and sociocognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia patients, its correlation with negative symptoms was explored in FEP patients. RESULTS FEP patients showed hyperconnectivity between the cerebellum and bilateral frontal pole (FP), occipital pole, fusiform gyrus, right lingual gyrus, central opercular cortex, anterior middle temporal gyrus, precuneus, and subcallosal cortex. Hypoconnectivity was found between the cerebellum and left FP, right anterior supramarginal gyrus (aSMG), and cerebellum crus I. FC between the left crus II and right aSMG was negatively correlated with the severity of negative symptoms and diminished expression. CONCLUSIONS Altered FC between the cerebellum and cerebral regions related to cognitive, affective, and sensory processing was found in FEP patients and was connected to negative symptoms. These results suggest that the cerebellum plays a role in the pathophysiology of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yun Choi
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Ha
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunah Choi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Toll A, Blanco-Hinojo L, Berge D, Martín-Subero M, Casanovas F, El-Abidi K, Perez-Solà V, Mané A. Higher lymphocyte count associated with larger hippocampal volume and fewer depressive symptoms in drug-na ïve first-episode psychosis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 69:47-55. [PMID: 36709614 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Circulating white blood cells (leucocytes), which form the peripheral immune system, are crucial in inflammatory processes but their role in brain structural change in schizophrenia has been scarcely studied. With this study we want to determine how and which type of white blood cells are associated with hippocampal volume (as a key structure in schi- zophrenia etiopathology) in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Moreover, to determine the association between white blood cells and clinical symptomatology, including positive and negative symptoms, cognition and depression. For this purpose fifty drug-naïve FEP were included in this study. All patients underwent an assessment at baseline and at 1 year follow-up, including sociodemographic and clinical variables (substance use, DUP, PANSS, GAF and CDSS). Fasting blood samples were obtained before administering any medication at baseline. Structural T1 MRI was performed at baseline and brain volumes were quantified. In the present study, higher lymphocyte count was associated with larger right hippocampal volume at baseline in FEP drug-naive patients. Higher lymphocyte count was associated with lower depressive symptomatology measured with CDSS and Marder depressive factor from PANSS at baseline and 1-year follow -up. These results suggest that lymphocytes may have a protective effect in hippocampal volume at baseli- ne in antipsychotic naïve FEP and also, are associated with a better depressive course over follow up. These results open the door to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Toll
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Laura Blanco-Hinojo
- Fundació Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Department of Radiology, MRI Research Unit, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Berge
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Marta Martín-Subero
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Francesc Casanovas
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Khadija El-Abidi
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Perez-Solà
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Anna Mané
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Morese R, Brasso C, Stanziano M, Parola A, Valentini MC, Bosco FM, Rocca P. Efforts for the Correct Comprehension of Deceitful and Ironic Communicative Intentions in Schizophrenia: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study on the Role of the Left Middle Temporal Gyrus. Front Psychol 2022; 13:866160. [PMID: 35774960 PMCID: PMC9237627 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in social cognition and more specifically in communication have an important impact on the real-life functioning of people with schizophrenia (SZ). In particular, patients have severe problems in communicative-pragmatics, for example, in correctly inferring the speaker's communicative intention in everyday conversational interactions. This limit is associated with morphological and functional alteration of the left middle temporal gyrus (L-MTG), a cerebral area involved in various communicative processes, in particular in the distinction of ironic communicative intention from sincere and deceitful ones. We performed an fMRI study on 20 patients with SZ and 20 matched healthy controls (HCs) while performing a pragmatic task testing the comprehension of sincere, deceitful, and ironic communicative intentions. We considered the L-MTG as the region of interest. SZ patients showed difficulties in the correct comprehension of all types of communicative intentions and, when correctly answering to the task, they exhibited a higher activation of the L-MTG, as compared to HC, under all experimental conditions. This greater involvement of the L-MTG in the group of patients could depend on different factors, such as the increasing inferential effort required in correctly understanding the speaker's communicative intentions, and the higher integrative semantic processes involved in sentence processing. Future studies with a larger sample size and functional connectivity analysis are needed to study deeper the specific role of the L-MTG in pragmatic processes in SZ, also in relation to other brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Morese
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - C. Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Struttura Complessa di Psichiatria Universitaria, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Salute Mentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino”, Turin, Italy
| | - M. Stanziano
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Parola
- Research Group on Inferential Processes in Social Interaction (GIPSI), Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M. C. Valentini
- Struttura Complessa di Neuroradiologia, Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini e Radiologia interventistica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino”, Turin, Italy
| | - F. M. Bosco
- Research Group on Inferential Processes in Social Interaction (GIPSI), Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P. Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Struttura Complessa di Psichiatria Universitaria, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Salute Mentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino”, Turin, Italy
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7
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Sun H, Zhang W, Cao H, Sun H, Dai J, Li S, Zeng J, Wei X, Tang B, Gong Q, Lui S. Linked brain connectivity patterns with psychopathological and cognitive phenotypes in drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2022; 2:43-51. [PMID: 38665967 PMCID: PMC10994520 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia is considered to be a disorder of dysconnectivity characterized by abnormal functional integration between distinct brain regions. Different brain connection abnormalities were found to be correlated with various clinical manifestations, but whether a common deficit in functional connectivity (FC) in relation to both clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments could present in first-episode patients who have never received any medication remains elusive. Objective To find a core deficit in the brain connectome that is related to both psychopathological and cognitive manifestations. Methods A total of 75 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 51 healthy control participants underwent scanning of the brain and clinical ratings of behaviors. A principal component analysis was performed on the clinical ratings of symptom and cognition. Partial correlation analyses were conducted between the main psychopathological components and resting-state FC that were found abnormal in schizophrenia patients. Results Using the principal component analysis, the first principal component (PC1) explained 37% of the total variance of seven clinical features. The ratings of GAF and BACS contributed negatively to PC1, while those of PANSS, HAMD, and HAMA contributed positively. The FCs positively correlated with PC1 mainly included connections related to the insula, precuneus gyrus, and some frontal brain regions. FCs negatively correlated with PC1 mainly included connections between the left middle cingulate cortex and superior and middle occipital regions. Conclusion In conclusion, we found a linked pattern of FC associated with both psychopathological and cognitive manifestations in drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia characterized as the dysconnection related to the frontal and visual cortex, which may represent a core deficit of brain FC in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 11030 Manhasset, NY, USA
- Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, 11004 Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Huaiqiang Sun
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Zeng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Wei
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Biqiu Tang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
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8
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Cai J, Wei W, Zhao L, Li M, Li X, Liang S, Deng W, Du XD, Wang Q, Guo WJ, Ma X, Sham PC, Li T. Abnormal Brain Structure Morphology in Early-Onset Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:925204. [PMID: 35873260 PMCID: PMC9301254 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With less exposure to environmental and medication influences, individuals with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) may provide valuable evidence to study the pathogenesis and phenotypic pattern of schizophrenia.T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were collected in 60 individuals with EOS and 40 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry and surface-based morphometry analyzes were performed. Gray matter volume, cortical thickness and cortical surface area were compared between the EOS and healthy controls and among schizophrenia subgroups (with or without family history of schizophrenia). Compared with healthy controls, the EOS group had reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus and reduced cortical thickness in several brain regions. The sporadic early onset schizophrenia and the familial early onset schizophrenia showed different brain structure morphology. These findings suggest that abnormal brain structure morphology, especially in the temporal and frontal lobes, may be an important pathophysiological feature of EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Dong Du
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Xue K, Chen J, Wei Y, Chen Y, Han S, Wang C, Zhang Y, Song X, Cheng J. Altered dynamic functional connectivity of auditory cortex and medial geniculate nucleus in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:963634. [PMID: 36159925 PMCID: PMC9489854 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.963634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE As a key feature of schizophrenia, auditory verbal hallucination (AVH) is causing concern. Altered dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) patterns involving in auditory related regions were rarely reported in schizophrenia patients with AVH. The goal of this research was to find out the dFC abnormalities of auditory related regions in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with and without AVH using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). METHODS A total of 107 schizophrenia patients with AVH, 85 schizophrenia patients without AVH (NAVH) underwent rs-fMRI examinations, and 104 healthy controls (HC) were matched. Seed-based dFC of the primary auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus, HES), auditory association cortex (AAC, including Brodmann's areas 22 and 42), and medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) was conducted to build a whole-brain dFC diagram, then inter group comparison and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS In comparison to the NAVH and HC groups, the AVH group showed increased dFC from left ACC to the right middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus, decreased dFC from left HES to the left superior occipital gyrus, left cuneus gyrus, left precuneus gyrus, decreased dFC from right HES to the posterior cingulate gyrus, and decreased dFC from left MGN to the bilateral calcarine gyrus, bilateral cuneus gyrus, bilateral lingual gyrus. The Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS) was significantly positively correlated with the dFC values of cluster 1 (bilateral calcarine gyrus, cuneus gyrus, lingual gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, precuneus gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus) using left AAC seed, cluster 2 (right middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus) using left AAC seed, cluster 1 (bilateral calcarine gyrus, cuneus gyrus, lingual gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, precuneus gyrus and posterior cingulate gyrus) using right AAC seed and cluster 2 (posterior cingulate gyrus) using right HES seed in the AVH group. In both AVH and NAVH groups, a significantly negative correlation is also found between the dFC values of cluster 2 (posterior cingulate gyrus) using the right HES seed and the PANSS negative sub-scores. CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrate that schizophrenia patients with AVH showed multiple abnormal dFC regions using auditory related cortex and nucleus as seeds, particularly involving the occipital lobe, default mode network (DMN), and middle temporal lobe, implying that the different dFC patterns of auditory related areas could provide a neurological mechanism of AVH in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Xue
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingli Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yarui Wei
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Song
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Sendi MSE, Pearlson GD, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Preda A, van Erp TGM, Calhoun VD. Multiple overlapping dynamic patterns of the visual sensory network in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 228:103-111. [PMID: 33434723 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although visual processing impairments have been explored in schizophrenia (SZ), their underlying neurobiology of the visual processing impairments has not been widely studied. Also, while some research has hinted at differences in information transfer and flow in SZ, there are few investigations of the dynamics of functional connectivity within visual networks. In this study, we analyzed resting-state fMRI data of the visual sensory network (VSN) in 160 healthy control (HC) subjects and 151 SZ subjects. We estimated 9 independent components within the VSN. Then, we calculated the dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) using the Pearson correlation. Next, using k-means clustering, we partitioned the dFNCs into five distinct states, and then we calculated the portion of time each subject spent in each state, which we termed the occupancy rate (OCR). Using OCR, we compared HC with SZ subjects and investigated the link between OCR and visual learning in SZ subjects. Besides, we compared the VSN functional connectivity of SZ and HC subjects in each state. We found that this network is indeed highly dynamic. Each state represents a unique connectivity pattern of fluctuations in VSN FNC, and all states showed significant disruption in SZ. Overall, HC showed stronger connectivity within the VSN in states. SZ subjects spent more time in a state in which the connectivity between the middle temporal gyrus and other regions of VNS is highly negative. Besides, OCR in a state with strong positive connectivity between the middle temporal gyrus and other regions correlated significantly with visual learning scores in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S E Sendi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford, CT, United States of America
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America; Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Judith M Ford
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America; Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States of America
| | - Theo G M van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States of America
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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11
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Cui X, Deng Q, Lang B, Su Q, Liu F, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhao J, Guo W. Less reduced gray matter volume in the subregions of superior temporal gyrus predicts better treatment efficacy in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 15:1997-2004. [PMID: 33033986 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Decreased gray matter volume (GMV) in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) has been implicated in the neurophysiology of schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether volumetric reduction in the subregions of the STG can predict treatment efficacy for schizophrenia. Our cohort included 44 drug-naive, first-episode patients, 42 unaffected siblings and 44 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry and pattern classification were utilized to analyze the acquired imaging data as per the anatomical subdivision by a well-defined brainnetome atlas. The patients presented lower GMV values in left TE1.0/1.2 (TE, anterior temporal visual association area) than the siblings, and lower GMV values in the left/right TE1.0/1.2 and left A22r (rostral area 22) than the controls. A positive correlation is observed between the GMV values in the right A38l (lateral area 38) and baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores in the patients. Support vector regression (SVR) results exhibited a significant association between predicted (based on the GMV values in the right A38l) and actual symptomatic improvement based on the reduction ratio of the PANSS total scores (r = 0.498, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that normal structure in the right A38l of the STG may be an important factor indicative of the effects of antipsychotic drugs, which can be potentially used to monitor drug effects for first-episode patients at an early stage in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Cui
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qijian Deng
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bing Lang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- The Third People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.
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12
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Zhao Y, Li T, Zhu H. Bayesian sparse heritability analysis with high-dimensional neuroimaging phenotypes. Biostatistics 2020; 23:467-484. [PMID: 32948880 PMCID: PMC9308456 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heritability analysis plays a central role in quantitative genetics to describe genetic contribution to human complex traits and prioritize downstream analyses under large-scale phenotypes. Existing works largely focus on modeling single phenotype and currently available multivariate phenotypic methods often suffer from scaling and interpretation. In this article, motivated by understanding how genetic underpinning impacts human brain variation, we develop an integrative Bayesian heritability analysis to jointly estimate heritabilities for high-dimensional neuroimaging traits. To induce sparsity and incorporate brain anatomical configuration, we impose hierarchical selection among both regional and local measurements based on brain structural network and voxel dependence. We also use a nonparametric Dirichlet process mixture model to realize grouping among single nucleotide polymorphism-associated phenotypic variations, providing biological plausibility. Through extensive simulations, we show the proposed method outperforms existing ones in heritability estimation and heritable traits selection under various scenarios. We finally apply the method to two large-scale imaging genetics datasets: the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and United Kingdom Biobank and show biologically meaningful results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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13
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Brain structural correlates of familial risk for mental illness: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies in relatives of patients with psychotic or mood disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1369-1379. [PMID: 32353861 PMCID: PMC7297956 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) are heritable psychiatric disorders with partially overlapping genetic liability. Shared and disorder-specific neurobiological abnormalities associated with familial risk for developing mental illnesses are largely unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of structural brain imaging studies in relatives of patients with SCZ, BD, and MDD to identify overlapping and discrete brain structural correlates of familial risk for mental disorders. Search for voxel-based morphometry studies in relatives of patients with SCZ, BD, and MDD in PubMed and Embase identified 33 studies with 2292 relatives and 2052 healthy controls (HC). Seed-based d Mapping software was used to investigate global differences in gray matter volumes between relatives as a group versus HC, and between those of each psychiatric disorder and HC. As a group, relatives exhibited gray matter abnormalities in left supramarginal gyrus, right striatum, right inferior frontal gyrus, left thalamus, bilateral insula, right cerebellum, and right superior frontal gyrus, compared with HC. Decreased right cerebellar gray matter was the only abnormality common to relatives of all three conditions. Subgroup analyses showed disorder-specific gray matter abnormalities in left thalamus and bilateral insula associated with risk for SCZ, in left supramarginal gyrus and right frontal regions with risk for BD, and in right striatum with risk for MDD. While decreased gray matter in right cerebellum might be a common brain structural abnormality associated with shared risk for SCZ, BD, and MDD, regional gray matter abnormalities in neocortex, thalamus, and striatum appear to be disorder-specific.
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14
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Antipsychotic effects of sex hormones and atypical hemispheric asymmetries. Cortex 2020; 127:313-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Volumetric and morphological characteristics of the hippocampus are associated with progression to schizophrenia in patients with first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 45:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Abnormalities in the hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, it is still unclear whether certain abnormalities are a pre-existing vulnerability factor, a sign of disease progression or a consequence of environmental factors. We hypothesized that first-episode psychosis patients who progress to schizophrenia after one year of follow up will display greater volumetric and morphological changes from the very beginning of the disorder.Methods:We studied the hippocampus of 41 patients with a first-episode psychosis and 41 matched healthy controls. MRI was performed at the time of the inclusion in the study. After one year, the whole sample was reevaluated and divided in two groups depending on the diagnoses (schizophrenia vs. non-schizophrenia).Results:Patients who progressed to schizophrenia showed a significantly smaller left hippocampus volume than control group and no-schizophrenia group (F = 3.54; df = 2, 77; P = 0.03). We also found significant differences in the morphology of the anterior hippocampus (CA1) of patients with first-episode psychosis who developed schizophrenia compared with patients who did not.Conclusions:These results are consistent with the assumption of hyperfunctioning dopaminergic cortico-subcortical circuits in schizophrenia, which might be related with an alteration of subcortical structures, such as the hippocampus, along the course of the disease. According with these results, hippocampus abnormalities may serve as a prognostic marker of clinical outcome in patients with a first-episode psychosis.
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16
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Li H, Ou Y, Liu F, Su Q, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhu F, Zhao J, Guo W. Region-specific insular volumetric decreases in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:106-112. [PMID: 31626393 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Decreased insular volume may be one of the anatomical alterations caused by schizophrenia. The possibility of region-specific insular volumetric reduction as an endophenotype and/or a possible treatment predictor is a critical issue with great implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The sample of the current study comprised 44 drug-naive and first-episode patients, 42 unaffected siblings, and 44 healthy controls. A computational anatomy toolbox (CAT12) was applied to analyze the structural images with a fine-grained, cross-validated brainnetome atlas. Correlation analysis and support vector regression (SVR) were used to determine the relationship between insular deficits and symptomatic severity among patients. The gray matter volume (GMV) values in the left hypergranular insula (G) exhibited the following pattern: patients < siblings < controls. GMV values in the right ventral agranular insula (vIa) and baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptoms subscale scores among patients showed a positive correlation (r = 0.384, p = .010). Further SVR analysis exhibited a significantly positive correlation between GMV values in the right vIa and negative symptomatic improvement among patients (r = 0.537, p < .001). Results suggested the presence of region-specific insular volumetric decreases in first-episode schizophrenia. Thus, volumetric decrease in left G might be a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia, and GMV values in right vIa might be used to predict negative symptomatic improvement in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yangpan Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
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17
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Hong W, Zhao Z, Shen Z, Sun B, Li S, Mekbib DB, Xu Y, Huang M, Xu D. Uncoupled relationship in the brain between regional homogeneity and attention function in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 294:110990. [PMID: 31706152 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the cognitive impairment and the structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) is not yet clear. This study aims to investigate the relationship, thereby exploring the neuromechanism underlying SZ. We collected multimodal MRI data from 68 first-episode, drug-naïve patients with SZ, and 64 well-matched healthy controls, and used regional homogeneity (ReHo) and gray matter volume (GMV) to assess the functional and structural integrity of the brains, respectively. We then evaluated in the entire brain the correlations between ReHo/GMV and the participants' neuropsychological assessment scores for each group using a partial correlation analysis controlling for age and sex. We found significant uncoupling between attention performance and mean ReHo in the left middle frontal gyrus, right superior/inferior parietal lobe (IPL), right angular gyrus (AG) and right middle/inferior temporal lobe (ITG) in SZ compared with healthy controls. Moreover, we found that the SZ group showed decreased GMV in the right IPL and AG, and a significant coupling between ReHo and GMV in the right ITG. Our findings suggest that the attention dysfunction found in SZ may be associated with the structural and functional abnormalities as well as the structure-function interrelation in several SZ-related brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Columbia University & New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA
| | - Zhe Shen
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shangda Li
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Destaw B Mekbib
- Zhejiang University Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Manli Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Dongrong Xu
- Columbia University & New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA.
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18
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Voxel-based morphometry reveals regional reductions of gray matter volume in school-aged children with short-term type 1 diabetes mellitus. Neuroreport 2019; 30:516-521. [PMID: 30913134 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Follow-up observation is needed for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children due to the potential injury to the brain. However, the effect of short-term T1DM on gray matter in school-aged children is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate gray matter volume (GMV) changes and their relationships with clinical variables in school-aged children with short-term T1DM. Twenty-one school-aged T1DM children were compared with 21 control patients, matched for sex and age. T1-weighted gradient echo three-dimensional MRI was performed using a 3.0-Tesla scanner and the resulting images were processed with FSL software to assess the difference in GMV between the two groups. The children with T1DM presented with decreased GMV in the left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG), the right postcentral gyrus, and the left triangular part of the frontal inferior gyrus (LTP-FIG). No significant changes in intelligence quotient (IQ) were found between the T1DM and control groups. In T1DM patients, there was a significant positive correlation between the GMV of LMTG and full-scale IQ or linguistic IQ. In addition, an increased glycosylated hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with reduced GMV in the LMTG and LTP-FIG in the T1DM group. These findings suggest that short-term T1DM could lead to regional structural brain deficits in school-aged children. The GMV of the LMTG may affect IQ, and poor recent glycemic control may have an adverse effect on GMV in the LMTG and LTP-FIG in T1DM children.Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/WNR/A506.
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19
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Vanes LD, Mouchlianitis E, Patel K, Barry E, Wong K, Thomas M, Szentgyorgyi T, Joyce D, Shergill S. Neural correlates of positive and negative symptoms through the illness course: an fMRI study in early psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14444. [PMID: 31595009 PMCID: PMC6783468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychotic illness is associated with cognitive control deficits and abnormal recruitment of neural circuits subserving cognitive control. It is unclear to what extent this dysfunction underlies the development and/or maintenance of positive and negative symptoms typically observed in schizophrenia. In this study we compared fMRI activation on a standard Stroop task and its relationship with positive and negative symptoms in early psychosis (EP, N = 88) and chronic schizophrenia (CHR-SZ, N = 38) patients. CHR-SZ patients showed reduced frontal, striatal, and parietal activation across incongruent and congruent trials compared to EP patients. Higher positive symptom severity was associated with reduced activation across both trial types in supplementary motor area (SMA), middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum in EP, but not CHR-SZ patients. Higher negative symptom severity was associated with reduced cerebellar activation in EP, but not in CHR-SZ patients. A negative correlation between negative symptoms and activation in SMA and precentral gyrus was observed in EP patients and in CHR-SZ patients. The results suggest that the neural substrate of positive symptoms changes with illness chronicity, and that cognitive control related neural circuits may be most relevant in the initial development phase of positive symptoms. These findings also highlight a changing role for the cerebellum in the development and later maintenance of both positive and negative symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy D Vanes
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom.
| | - Elias Mouchlianitis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Krisna Patel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Erica Barry
- Institute Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Katie Wong
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Thomas
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Timea Szentgyorgyi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Joyce
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Sukhwinder Shergill
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, de Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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Tang Y, Zhou Q, Chang M, Chekroud A, Gueorguieva R, Jiang X, Zhou Y, He G, Rowland M, Wang D, Fu S, Yin Z, Leng H, Wei S, Xu K, Wang F, Krystal JH, Driesen NR. Altered functional connectivity and low-frequency signal fluctuations in early psychosis and genetic high risk. Schizophr Res 2019; 210:172-179. [PMID: 30685394 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studying individuals at increased genetic risk for schizophrenia may generate important theories regarding the emergence of the illness. In this investigation, genetic high-risk individuals (GHR, n = 37) were assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared to individuals in the first episode of schizophrenia (FESZ, n = 42) and healthy comparison subjects (HCS, n = 59). Measures of functional connectivity and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were obtained in a global, data-driven analysis. The functional connectivity measure, termed degree centrality, assessed each voxel's connectivity with all the other voxels in the brain. GHR and FESZ displayed increased degree centrality globally and locally. On ALFF measures, GHR were indistinguishable from HCS in the majority of areas but resembled FESZ in insula, basal ganglia and hippocampus. FESZ evidenced reduced amplitude of the global neural signal as compared to HCS and GHR. Results support the hypothesis that schizophrenia diathesis involves functional connectivity and ALFF abnormalities. In addition, they further an emerging theory suggesting that increased connectivity and metabolism may be involved in schizophrenia vulnerability and early stages of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Department of Gerontology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Miao Chang
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Adam Chekroud
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA; Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
| | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yifang Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - George He
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA
| | - Margaret Rowland
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Health System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Dahai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shinan Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Zhiyang Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Haixia Leng
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Health System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Naomi R Driesen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Health System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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21
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Chen YH, Howell B, Edgar JC, Huang M, Kochunov P, Hunter MA, Wootton C, Lu BY, Bustillo J, Sadek JR, Miller GA, Cañive JM. Associations and Heritability of Auditory Encoding, Gray Matter, and Attention in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:859-870. [PMID: 30099543 PMCID: PMC6581123 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory encoding abnormalities, gray-matter loss, and cognitive deficits are all candidate schizophrenia (SZ) endophenotypes. This study evaluated associations between and heritability of auditory network attributes (function and structure) and attention in healthy controls (HC), SZ patients, and unaffected relatives (UR). METHODS Whole-brain maps of M100 auditory activity from magnetoencephalography recordings, cortical thickness (CT), and a measure of attention were obtained from 70 HC, 69 SZ patients, and 35 UR. Heritability estimates (h2r) were obtained for M100, CT at each group-difference region, and the attention measure. RESULTS SZ patients had weaker bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) M100 responses than HC and a weaker right frontal M100 response than UR. Abnormally large M100 responses in left superior frontal gyrus were observed in UR and SZ patients. SZ patients showed smaller CT in bilateral STG and right frontal regions. Interrelatedness between 3 putative SZ endophenotypes was demonstrated, although in the left STG the M100 and CT function-structure associations observed in HC and UR were absent in SZ patients. Heritability analyses also showed that right frontal M100 and bilateral STG CT measures are significantly heritable. CONCLUSIONS Present findings indicated that the 3 SZ endophenotypes examined are not isolated markers of pathology but instead are connected. The pattern of auditory encoding group differences and the pattern of brain function-structure associations differ as a function of brain region, indicating the need for regional specificity when studying these endophenotypes, and with the presence of left STG function-structure associations in HC and UR but not in SZ perhaps reflecting disease-associated damage to gray matter that disrupts function-structure relationships in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Chen
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Seashore House 1F Room 116B, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; tel: +1(267)426-0959, fax: +1(267)425-2465, e-mail:
| | - Breannan Howell
- Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA,Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, San Diego, CA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, The University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael A Hunter
- Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Cassandra Wootton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Brett Y Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Joseph R Sadek
- Psychiatry Research, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - José M Cañive
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Research, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,Psychiatry Research, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Albuquerque, NM
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22
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Altered dynamic global signal topography in antipsychotic-naive adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2019; 208:308-316. [PMID: 30772067 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe neuropsychiatric disease associated with dysfunction of brain regions and networks. Recent, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have determined that the global signal (GS) is an important source of the local neuronal activity. However, the dynamics of this effect in SCZ remains unknown. To address this issue, 39 drug-naive patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 31 age-, gender- and education-matched healthy controls underwent resting-state fMRI scans. Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) was employed to assess the dynamic patterns of the GS in EOS. Dynamic analysis demonstrated that the topography of the GS in EOS can be divided into five different states. In the state1, the GS mainly affected the sensory regions. In the state2, the GS mainly affected the default mode network (DMN). In the state3, the GS mainly affected the frontoparietal network and the cingulate-opercular network. In the state4, the GS mainly affected the sensory and subcortical regions. In the state5, the GS mainly affected the sensory regions and DMN. In particular, the changes in the cerebellum, putamen and supramarginal gyrus was inversely proportional to the clinical symptoms. Our findings demonstrate that the influence of the GS on brain networks is dynamic and changes of this relationship may associate with clinical behavior in SCZ.
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23
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Interhemispheric functional connectivity and its relationships with creative problem solving. Neuroreport 2019; 30:415-420. [PMID: 30789389 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Creative problem solving (CPS) is a particular mental process when people solve problems. Findings from previous research, which used functional MRI, showed that CPS could involve specific neural mechanisms. However, few studies have directly explored the changes of interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity during CPS. Recently, a validated voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method has been widely used to calculate the interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity. In this study, we recruited 60 participants and used a revised chunk decomposing task to estimate participants' individual differences during CPS. Then, the VMHC method was used to explore neural correlates underlying individual differences of CPS. Results showed that altered VMHC in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus/precentral gyrus, bilateral hippocampus/insula/amygdala, and bilateral fusiform gyrus/cerebellum/middle occipital gyrus was related to individual differences of CPS. These brain regions reflect the information integration of both hemispheres might be critical for CPS. Therefore, our results may shed light on the neural correlates of CPS.
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24
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Jiang W, King TZ, Turner JA. Imaging Genetics Towards a Refined Diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:494. [PMID: 31354550 PMCID: PMC6639711 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Current diagnoses of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders are classified by phenomenological principles and clinical descriptions while ruling out other symptoms and conditions. Specific biomarkers are needed to assist the current diagnostic system. However, complicated gene and environment interactions induce great disease heterogeneity. This unclear etiology and heterogeneity raise difficulties in distinguishing schizophrenia-related effects. Simultaneously, the overlap in symptoms, genetic variations, and brain alterations in schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders raises similar difficulties in determining disease-specific effects. Imaging genetics is a unique methodology to assess the impact of genetic factors on both brain structure and function. More importantly, imaging genetics builds a bridge to understand the behavioral and clinical implications of genetics and neuroimaging. By characterizing and quantifying the brain measures affected in psychiatric disorders, imaging genetics is contributing to identifying potential biomarkers for schizophrenia and related disorders. To date, candidate gene analysis, genome-wide association studies, polygenetic risk score analysis, and large-scale collaborative studies have made contributions to the understanding of schizophrenia with the potential to serve as biomarkers. Despite limitations, imaging genetics remains promising as more aggregative, clustering methods and imaging genetics-compatible clinical assessments are employed in future studies. We review imaging genetics' contribution to our understanding of the heterogeneity within schizophrenia and the commonalities across schizophrenia and other diagnostic borders, and we will discuss whether imaging genetics is ready to form its own diagnostic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tricia Z King
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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25
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Scheppele M, Evans JL, Brown TT. Patterns of structural lateralization in cortical language areas of older adolescents. Laterality 2018; 24:450-481. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2018.1543312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Scheppele
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Julia L. Evans
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Timothy T. Brown
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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26
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Moghimi P, Lim KO, Netoff TI. Data Driven Classification Using fMRI Network Measures: Application to Schizophrenia. Front Neuroinform 2018; 12:71. [PMID: 30425631 PMCID: PMC6218612 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using classification to identify biomarkers for various brain disorders has become a common practice among the functional MR imaging community. Typical classification pipeline includes taking the time series, extracting features from them, and using them to classify a set of patients and healthy controls. The most informative features are then presented as novel biomarkers. In this paper, we compared the results of single and double cross validation schemes on a cohort of 170 subjects with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects. We used graph theoretic measures as our features, comparing the use of functional and anatomical atlases to define nodes and the effect of prewhitening to remove autocorrelation trends. We found that double cross validation resulted in a 20% decrease in classification performance compared to single cross validation. The anatomical atlas resulted in higher classification results. Prewhitening resulted in a 10% boost in classification performance. Overall, a classification performance of 80% was obtained with a double-cross validation scheme using prewhitened time series and an anatomical brain atlas. However, reproducibility of classification within subjects across scans was surprisingly low and comparable to across subject classification rates, indicating that subject state during the short scan significantly influences the estimated features and classification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantea Moghimi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Theoden I Netoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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27
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Newton R, Rouleau A, Nylander AG, Loze JY, Resemann HK, Steeves S, Crespo-Facorro B. Diverse definitions of the early course of schizophrenia-a targeted literature review. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2018; 4:21. [PMID: 30323274 PMCID: PMC6189105 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-018-0063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder and patients experience significant comorbidity, especially cognitive and psychosocial deficits, already at the onset of disease. Previous research suggests that treatment during the earlier stages of disease reduces disease burden, and that a longer time of untreated psychosis has a negative impact on treatment outcomes. A targeted literature review was conducted to gain insight into the definitions currently used to describe patients with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia in the early course of disease ('early' schizophrenia). A total of 483 relevant English-language publications of clinical guidelines and studies were identified for inclusion after searches of MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, relevant clinical trial databases and Google for records published between January 2005 and October 2015. The extracted data revealed a wide variety of terminology and definitions used to describe patients with 'early' or 'recent-onset' schizophrenia, with no apparent consensus. The most commonly used criteria to define patients with early schizophrenia included experience of their first episode of schizophrenia or disease duration of less than 1, 2 or 5 years. These varied definitions likely result in substantial disparities of patient populations between studies and variable population heterogeneity. Better agreement on the definition of early schizophrenia could aid interpretation and comparison of studies in this patient population and consensus on definitions should allow for better identification and management of schizophrenia patients in the early course of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Newton
- Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Medicine & Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
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28
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Zhu F, Liu F, Guo W, Chen J, Su Q, Zhang Z, Li H, Fan X, Zhao J. Disrupted asymmetry of inter- and intra-hemispheric functional connectivity in patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:429-435. [PMID: 30241918 PMCID: PMC6197719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of normal asymmetry in the brain has been reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether disrupted asymmetry originates from inter-hemispheric functional connectivity (FC) and/or intra-hemispheric FC in this patient population. Methods Forty-four patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia, 42 unaffected siblings, and 44 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The parameter of asymmetry (PAS) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to analyze the data. Patients were treated with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Findings Compared with healthy controls, patients showed lower PAS scores in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG)/inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus and left angular gyrus, and higher PAS scores in the left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus. Unaffected siblings also showed lower PAS scores in the left MTG/ITG and left PCC/precuneus relative to healthy controls. Further, SVM analysis showed that a combination of the PAS scores in these two clusters in patients at baseline was able to predict clinical response after 8 weeks of olanzapine treatment with 77.27% sensitivity, 72.73% specificity, and 75.00% accuracy. Interpretation The present study suggests disrupted asymmetry of inter- and intra-hemispheric FC in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia; in addition, a reduced asymmetry of inter-hemispheric FC in the left MTG/ITG and left PCC/precuneus may serve as an endophenotype for schizophrenia, and may have clinical utility to predict response to olanzapine treatment. Fund The National Key R&D Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, One Biotech, Suite 100, 365 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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29
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Wang YM, Zou LQ, Xie WL, Yang ZY, Zhu XZ, Cheung EFC, Sørensen TA, Møller A, Chan RCK. Altered grey matter volume and cortical thickness in patients with schizo-obsessive comorbidity. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 276:65-72. [PMID: 29628272 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that schizo-obsessive comorbidity (SOC) may be a unique diagnostic entity. We examined grey matter (GM) volume and cortical thickness in 22 patients with SOC, and compared them with 21 schizophrenia (SCZ) patients, 22 obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and 22 healthy controls (HCs). We found that patients with SOC exhibited reduced GM volume in the left thalamus, the left inferior semi-lunar lobule of the cerebellum, the bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortex (medial oFC), the medial superior frontal gyrus (medial sFG), the rectus gyrus and the anterior cingulate cortex (aCC) compared with HCs. Patients with SOC also exhibited reduced cortical thickness in the right superior temporal gyrus (sTG), the right angular gyrus, the right supplementary motor area (SMA), the right middle cingulate cortex (mCC) and the right middle occipital gyrus (mOG) compared with HCs. Together with the differences in GM volume and cortical thickness between patients with SOC and patients with only SCZ or only OCD, these findings highlight the GM changes specific to patients with SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, PR China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lai-Quan Zou
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wen-Lan Xie
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Ya Yang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiong-Zhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Eric F C Cheung
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Thomas Alrik Sørensen
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, PR China; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Arne Møller
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, PR China; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Centre of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, PR China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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30
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Kircher T, Bröhl H, Meier F, Engelen J. Formal thought disorders: from phenomenology to neurobiology. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:515-526. [PMID: 29678679 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Formal thought disorder (FTD) is present in most psychiatric disorders and in some healthy individuals. In this Review, we present a comprehensive, integrative, and multilevel account of what is known about FTD, covering genetic, cellular, and neurotransmitter effects, environmental influences, experimental psychology and neuropsychology, brain imaging, phenomenology, linguistics, and treatment. FTD is a dimensional, phenomenologically defined construct, which can be clinically subdivided into positive versus negative and objective versus subjective symptom clusters. Because FTDs have been traditionally linked to schizophrenia, studies in other diagnoses are scarce. Aetiologically, FTD is the only symptom under genetic influence in schizophrenia as shown in linkage studies, but familial communication patterns (allusive thinking) have also been associated with the condition. Positive FTDs are related to synaptic rarefication in the glutamate system of the superior and middle lateral temporal cortices. Cortical volume of the left superior temporal gyrus is decreased in patients with schizophrenia who have positive FTD in structural MRI studies and shows reversed hemispheric (right more than left) activation in functional MRI experiments during speech production. Semantic network dysfunction in positive FTD has been demonstrated in experiments of indirect semantic hyperpriming (reaction time). In acute positive FTD, antipsychotics are effective, but a subgroup of patients have treatment-resistant, chronic, positive or negative FTD. Specific psychotherapy as treatment for FTD has not yet been developed. With this solid data on the pathogenesis of FTD, we can now implement clinical studies to treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Henrike Bröhl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felicitas Meier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Engelen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany
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31
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Increased delayed reward during intertemporal decision-making in schizophrenic patients and their unaffected siblings. Psychiatry Res 2018; 262:246-253. [PMID: 29475103 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Intertemporal choices are decisions with consequences in multiple time periods and constitute a significant part of social cognition. The shared neuropathological characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and their siblings might express intermediate phenotypes in behavior that could be used to further characterize the illness. Schizophrenic patients, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls underwent a computerized version of the "Intertemporal Choice Task". All participants could choose between sooner-smaller (SS) and later-larger (LL) options in now-trials and in not-now-trials. Subjects also underwent a battery of cognitive neuropsychological assessment. Our results indicated that schizophrenic patients and unaffected siblings both had a tendency to choose LL options in now-trials or not-now-trials compared to healthy controls. Schizophrenic patients had significantly lower scores in several cognitive tasks, including MoCA, attention, executive functions, and information processing when compared with the other two groups. Moreover, within the schizophrenic patient group, significant correlations were found between intertemporal decision-making performance and executive function. The present study showed that both schizophrenic patients and unaffected siblings preferred to choose larger-delayed rewards during intertemporal decision-making, which may result from frontal-striatal and frontal-parietal network dysfunction. Their intertemporal decision-making performance was associated with executive function performance.
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Joo SW, Chon MW, Rathi Y, Shenton ME, Kubicki M, Lee J. Abnormal asymmetry of white matter tracts between ventral posterior cingulate cortex and middle temporal gyrus in recent-onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 192:159-166. [PMID: 28506703 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have reported abnormalities in the ventral posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG) in schizophrenia patients. However, it remains unclear whether the white matter tracts connecting these structures are impaired in schizophrenia. Our study investigated the integrity of these white matter tracts (vPCC-MTG tract) and their asymmetry (left versus right side) in patients with recent onset schizophrenia. METHOD Forty-seven patients and 24 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. We extracted left and right vPCC-MTG tract on each side from T1W and diffusion MRI (dMRI) at 3T. We then calculated the asymmetry index of diffusion measures of vPCC-MTG tracts as well as volume and thickness of vPCC and MTG using the formula: 2×(right-left)/(right+left). We compared asymmetry indices between patients and controls and evaluated their correlations with the severity of psychiatric symptoms and cognition in patients using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), video-based social cognition scale (VISC) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III). RESULTS Asymmetry of fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the vPCC-MTG tract, while present in healthy controls, was not evident in schizophrenia patients. Also, we observed that patients, not healthy controls, had a significant FA decrease and RD increase in the left vPCC-MTG tract. There was no significant association between the asymmetry indices of dMRI measures and IQ, VISC, or PANSS scores in schizophrenia. CONCLUSION Disruption of asymmetry of the vPCC-MTG tract in schizophrenia may contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woo Joo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Wuk Chon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jungsun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wu F, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu X, Fang Z, Huang J, Kong L, Chen J, Ning Y, Li X, Wu K. Structural and functional brain abnormalities in drug-naive, first-episode, and chronic patients with schizophrenia: a multimodal MRI study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2889-2904. [PMID: 30464473 PMCID: PMC6214581 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s174356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural and functional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ) have been widely reported. However, a few studies have investigated both structural and functional characteristics in SZ patients at different stages to understand the neuropathology of SZ. METHODS In this study, we recruited 44 first-episode drug-naive SZ (FESZ) patients, 44 medicated chronic SZ (CSZ) patients, and 56 normal controls (NCs) and acquired their structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We then made group comparisons on structural and functional characteristics, including regional gray matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, and degree centrality. A linear support vector machine (SVM) combined with a recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm was implemented to discriminate three groups. RESULTS Our results indicated that the regional GMV was significantly decreased in patients compared with that in NCs; CSZ patients have more diffused GMV decreases primarily involved in the frontal and temporal lobes when compared with FESZ patients. Both FESZ and CSZ patients showed significant functional alterations compared with NCs; when compared with FESZ patients, CSZ patients showed significant reductions in functional characteristics in several brain regions associated with auditory, visual processing, and sensorimotor functions. Moreover, a linear SVM combined with a RFE algorithm was implemented to discriminate three groups. The accuracies of the three classifiers were 79.80%, 83.16%, and 81.71%, respectively. The performance of classifiers in this study with multimodal MRI was better than that of previous discriminative analyses of SZ patients with single-modal MRI. CONCLUSION Our findings bring new insights into the understanding of the neuropathology of SZ and contribute to stage-specific biomarkers in diagnosis and interventions of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China, .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, ,
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, , .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Yongzhe Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, , .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China, .,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China, .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, ,
| | - Ziyan Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Jianwei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Lingyin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Jun Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou, China, .,National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China, .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, ,
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NJ, USA.,Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NJ, USA
| | - Kai Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China, , .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China, .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou, China, .,National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, China, .,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan,
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Guo W, Liu F, Chen J, Wu R, Li L, Zhang Z, Chen H, Zhao J. Olanzapine modulates the default-mode network homogeneity in recurrent drug-free schizophrenia at rest. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2017; 51:1000-1009. [PMID: 28605934 DOI: 10.1177/0004867417714952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on brain function alterations associated with antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia have produced conflicting results because they used short treatment periods and different designs. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from 17 drug-free patients with recurrent schizophrenia and 24 healthy controls. The patients were treated with olanzapine for 6 months and were scanned at three time points (baseline, 6 weeks of treatment and 6 months of treatment). Network homogeneity was used to analyze the imaging data to examine default-mode network homogeneity alterations associated with antipsychotic treatment. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the patients at baseline showed increased network homogeneity in the bilateral precuneus and decreased network homogeneity in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus. Network homogeneity values in the bilateral precuneus decreased, and network homogeneity values in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and the right middle temporal gyrus increased in patients administered olanzapine as antipsychotic treatment. By contrast, network homogeneity values in the left middle temporal gyrus remained unchanged in patients after treatment. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that antipsychotic treatment with olanzapine modulates the default-mode network homogeneity in schizophrenia. These findings contribute to the understanding of antipsychotic treatment effects on brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Guo
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,4 National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,5 Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- 6 Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,4 National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,5 Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Renrong Wu
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,4 National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,5 Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Lehua Li
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,4 National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,5 Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- 7 Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- 6 Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,4 National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,5 Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
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Delvecchio G, Lorandi A, Perlini C, Barillari M, Ruggeri M, Altamura AC, Bellani M, Brambilla P. Brain anatomy of symptom stratification in schizophrenia: a voxel-based morphometry study. Nord J Psychiatry 2017; 71:348-354. [PMID: 28290743 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2017.1300323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies have investigated the relationship between clinical severity and neuroanatomical alterations in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), the biological signature associated with illness severity in schizophrenia is still uncertain. Therefore, this study aims to investigate structural brain abnormalities in SCZ, with particular regards to the identification of potential deficits associated with the severity of illness. METHODS In total, 1.5T MRI data were acquired for 61 subjects with SCZ and 59 matched healthy controls (HC). The patient group was divided in two sub-groups based on clinical severity, one composed of 34 mild-to-moderately ill patients, and the other of 27 severely ill patients, and compared with matched HC. RESULTS The whole group of patients with SCZ had significantly reduced grey matter (GM) volumes in the left inferior and middle temporal gyrus compared to HC (p < 0.05, pFWE corrected). Furthermore, compared to HC, patients with mild-to-moderate illness showed decreased GM volumes in the inferior and middle temporal gyrus, whereas those with severe illness had reduced GM volumes in the middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum bilaterally (all p < 0.001 uncorrected). No differences were observed between the two sub-groups of patients. CONCLUSION The results showed significant GM volume reductions in temporal regions in patients with SCZ compared to matched HC, confirming the role of these regions in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Furthermore, specific cerebellar grey matter volume reductions were identified in patients with severe illness, which may contribute to stratifying patients with SCZ according to their clinical phenotype expression, ultimately helping in guiding targeted therapeutic/rehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Delvecchio
- a Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea , San Vito al Tagliamento , Pordenone , Italy
| | - Alessandra Lorandi
- b Section of Psychiatry , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- c Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology , University of Verona , Verona , Italy.,d Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Marco Barillari
- e Section of Radiology , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Mirella Ruggeri
- f Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry , University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - A Carlo Altamura
- g Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- b Section of Psychiatry , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona , Verona , Italy.,d Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- g Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan , Milan , Italy.,h Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences , University of Texas , Houston , TX , USA
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Fan J, Zhong M, Gan J, Liu W, Niu C, Liao H, Zhang H, Tan C, Yi J, Zhu X. Spontaneous neural activity in the right superior temporal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus is associated with insight level in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord 2017; 207:203-211. [PMID: 27723545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insight into illness is an important issue for psychiatry disorder. Although the existence of a poor insight subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was recognized in the DSM-IV, and the insight level in OCD was specified further in DSM-V, the neural underpinnings of insight in OCD have been rarely explored. The present study was designed to bridge this research gap by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS Spontaneous neural activity were examined in 19 OCD patients with good insight (OCD-GI), 18 OCD patients with poor insight (OCD-PI), and 25 healthy controls (HC) by analyzing the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the resting state. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between regional ALFFs and insight levels among OCD patients. RESULTS OCD-GI and OCD-PI demonstrated overlapping and distinct brain alterations. Notably, compared with OCD-GI, tOCD-PI had reduced ALFF in left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right superior temporal gyrus (STG), as well as increased ALFF in right middle occipital gyrus. Further analysis revealed that ALFF values for the left MTG and right STG were correlated negatively with insight level in patients with OCD. LIMITATIONS Relatively small sample size and not all patients were un-medicated are our major limitations. CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous brain activity in left MTG and right STG may be neural underpinnings of insight in OCD. Our results suggest the great role of human temporal brain regions in understanding insight, and further underscore the importance of considering insight presentation in understanding the clinical heterogeneity of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; Medical Psychological institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Mingtian Zhong
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jun Gan
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Niu
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Haiyan Liao
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Hongchun Zhang
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Jinyao Yi
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; Medical Psychological institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
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Pronounced prefronto-temporal cortical thinning in schizophrenia: Neuroanatomical correlate of suicidal behavior? Schizophr Res 2016; 176:151-157. [PMID: 27567290 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by increased mortality for which suicidality is the decisive factor. An analysis of cortical thickness and folding to further elucidate neuroanatomical correlates of suicidality in schizophrenia has not yet been performed. We searched for relevant brain regions with such differences between patients with suicide-attempts, patients without any suicidal thoughts and healthy controls. 37 schizophrenia patients (14 suicide-attempters and 23 non-suicidal) and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Suicidality was documented through clinical interview and chart review. All participants underwent T1-weighted MRI scans. Whole brain node-by-node cortical thickness and folding were estimated (FreeSurfer Software) and compared. Additionally a three group comparison for prefrontal regions-of-interest was performed in SPSS using a multifactorial GLM. Compared with the healthy controls patients showed a typical pattern of cortical thinning in prefronto-temporal regions and altered cortical folding in the right medial temporal cortex. Patients with suicidal behavior compared with non-suicidal patients demonstrated pronounced (p<0.05) cortical thinning in the right DLPFC and the superior temporal cortex. Comparing cortical thickness in suicidal patients with non-suicidal patients significant (p<0.05) cortical thinning was additionally found in the right superior and middle temporal, temporopolar and insular cortex. Our findings extend the evidence for neuroanatomical underpinnings of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia. We identified cortical thinning in a network strongly involved in regulation of impulsivity, emotions and planning of behaviour in suicide attempters, which might lead to neuronal dysregulation in this network and consequently to a higher risk of suicidal behavior.
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Lu X, Yang Y, Wu F, Gao M, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Du X, Li C, Wu L, Zhong X, Zhou Y, Fan N, Zheng Y, Xiong D, Peng H, Escudero J, Huang B, Li X, Ning Y, Wu K. Discriminative analysis of schizophrenia using support vector machine and recursive feature elimination on structural MRI images. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3973. [PMID: 27472673 PMCID: PMC5265810 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ) patients have been well documented with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and region of interest (ROI) analyses. However, these analyses can only detect group-wise differences and thus, have a poor predictive value for individuals. In the present study, we applied a machine learning method that combined support vector machine (SVM) with recursive feature elimination (RFE) to discriminate SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) using their structural MRI data. We first employed both VBM and ROI analyses to compare gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) between 41 SZ patients and 42 age- and sex-matched NCs. The method of SVM combined with RFE was used to discriminate SZ patients from NCs using significant between-group differences in both GMV and WMV as input features. We found that SZ patients showed GM and WM abnormalities in several brain structures primarily involved in the emotion, memory, and visual systems. An SVM with a RFE classifier using the significant structural abnormalities identified by the VBM analysis as input features achieved the best performance (an accuracy of 88.4%, a sensitivity of 91.9%, and a specificity of 84.4%) in the discriminative analyses of SZ patients. These results suggested that distinct neuroanatomical profiles associated with SZ patients might provide a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis, and machine-learning methods can reveal neurobiological mechanisms in psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
- GBH-SCUT Joint Research Centre for Neuroimaging, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhe Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
- GBH-SCUT Joint Research Centre for Neuroimaging, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjian Gao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcheng Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
- GBH-SCUT Joint Research Centre for Neuroimaging, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Peng
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/ (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Javier Escudero
- Institute for Digital Communications, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, UK
| | - Biao Huang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NJ, US
- Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NJ, US
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, US
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
- GBH-SCUT Joint Research Centre for Neuroimaging, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Brain Hospital (GBH)/(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
- GBH-SCUT Joint Research Centre for Neuroimaging, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Differences among first-episode schizophrenia patients, healthy siblings, and controls at the individual level. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 104:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Cariaga-Martinez A, Saiz-Ruiz J, Alelú-Paz R. From Linkage Studies to Epigenetics: What We Know and What We Need to Know in the Neurobiology of Schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:202. [PMID: 27242407 PMCID: PMC4862989 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms that lacks a unifying neuropathology. In the present paper, we will review the current understanding of molecular dysregulation in schizophrenia, including genetic and epigenetic studies. In relation to the latter, basic research suggests that normal cognition is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms and its dysfunction occurs upon epigenetic misregulation, providing new insights into missing heritability of complex psychiatric diseases, referring to the discrepancy between epidemiological heritability and the proportion of phenotypic variation explained by DNA sequence difference. In schizophrenia the absence of consistently replicated genetic effects together with evidence for lasting changes in gene expression after environmental exposures suggest a role of epigenetic mechanisms. In this review we will focus on epigenetic modifications as a key mechanism through which environmental factors interact with individual's genetic constitution to affect risk of psychotic conditions throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Cariaga-Martinez
- Laboratory for Neuroscience of Mental Disorders Elena Pessino, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, Alcalá University Madrid, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Saiz-Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCISMadrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Alelú-Paz
- Laboratory for Neuroscience of Mental Disorders Elena Pessino, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, Alcalá UniversityMadrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCISMadrid, Spain
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Bruno V, Caraci F, Copani A, Matrisciano F, Nicoletti F, Battaglia G. The impact of metabotropic glutamate receptors into active neurodegenerative processes: A "dark side" in the development of new symptomatic treatments for neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Neuropharmacology 2016; 115:180-192. [PMID: 27140693 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor ligands are under clinical development for the treatment of CNS disorders with high social and economic burden, such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), and are promising drug candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). So far, clinical studies have shown symptomatic effects of mGlu receptor ligands, but it is unknown whether these drugs act as disease modifiers or, at the opposite end, they accelerate disease progression by enhancing neurodegeneration. This is a fundamental issue in the treatment of PD and AD, and is also an emerging theme in the treatment of schizophrenia and MDD, in which neurodegeneration is also present and contribute to disease progression. Moving from in vitro data and preclinical studies, we discuss the potential impact of drugs targeting mGlu2, mGlu3, mGlu4 and mGlu5 receptor ligands on active neurodegeneration associated with AD, PD, schizophrenia, and MDD. We wish to highlight that our final comments on the best drug candidates are not influenced by commercial interests or by previous or ongoing collaborations with drug companies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, 5 years on'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bruno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; I.R.C.C.S. Associazione Oasi Maria S.S., Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Agata Copani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IBB-CNR), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Matrisciano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
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Liu C, Xue Z, Palaniyappan L, Zhou L, Liu H, Qi C, Wu G, Mwansisya TE, Tao H, Chen X, Huang X, Liu Z, Pu W. Abnormally increased and incoherent resting-state activity is shared between patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. Schizophr Res 2016; 171:158-65. [PMID: 26805410 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several resting-state neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia indicate an excessive brain activity while others report an incoherent brain activity at rest. No direct evidence for the simultaneous presence of both excessive and incoherent brain activity has been established to date. Moreover, it is unclear whether unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients who share half of the affected patient's genotype also exhibit the excessive and incoherent brain activity that may render them vulnerable to the development of schizophrenia. METHODS 27 pairs of schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings, as well as 27 healthy controls, were scanned using gradient-echo echo-planar imaging at rest. By using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (Reho), we investigated the intensity and synchronization of local spontaneous neuronal activity in three groups. RESULTS We observed that increased amplitude and reduced synchronization (coherence) of spontaneous neuronal activity were shared by patients and their unaffected siblings. The key brain regions with this abnormal neural pattern in both patients and siblings included the middle temporal, orbito-frontal, inferior occipital and fronto-insular gyrus. CONCLUSIONS This abnormal neural pattern of excessive and incoherent neuronal activity shared by schizophrenia patients and their healthy siblings may improve our understanding of neuropathology and genetic predisposition in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li Zhou
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Liu
- Mental Health Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Qi
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Tumbwene E Mwansisya
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; College of Health Sciences, University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 395, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Haojuan Tao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidan Pu
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Brent BK, Rosso IM, Thermenos HW, Holt DJ, Faraone SV, Makris N, Tsuang MT, Seidman LJ. Alterations of lateral temporal cortical gray matter and facial memory as vulnerability indicators for schizophrenia: An MRI study in youth at familial high-risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2016; 170:123-9. [PMID: 26621001 PMCID: PMC4707114 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural alterations of the lateral temporal cortex (LTC) in association with memory impairments have been reported in schizophrenia. This study investigated whether alterations of LTC structure were linked with impaired facial and/or verbal memory in young first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia and, thus, may be indicators of vulnerability to the illness. METHODS Subjects included 27 non-psychotic, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients, and 48 healthy controls, between the ages of 13 and 28. Participants underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.5Tesla. The LTC was parcellated into superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and temporal pole. Total cerebral and LTC volumes were measured using semi-automated morphometry. The Wechsler Memory Scale - Third Edition and the Children's Memory Scale - Third Edition assessed facial and verbal memory. General linear models tested for associations among LTC subregion volumes, familial risk and memory. RESULTS Compared with controls, relatives had significantly smaller bilateral middle temporal gyri. Moreover, right middle temporal gyral volume showed a significant positive association with delayed facial memory in relatives. CONCLUSION These results support the hypothesis that smaller middle temporal gyri are related to the genetic liability to schizophrenia and may be linked with reduced facial memory in persons at genetic risk for the illness. The findings add to the growing evidence that children at risk for schizophrenia on the basis of positive family history have cortical and subcortical structural brain abnormalities well before psychotic illness occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin K. Brent
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Isabelle M. Rosso
- Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, United States
| | - Heidi W. Thermenos
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, United States,The HST-MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Daphne J. Holt
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,The HST-MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nikos Makris
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,The HST-MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States,Harvard Medical School Department of Neurology and Radiology Services, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02120, United States
| | - Ming T. Tsuang
- Center for Behavioral Genomics, Department of Psychiatry; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, United States,The HST-MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
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Mamah D, Wen J, Luo J, Ulrich X, Barch DM, Yablonskiy D. Subcomponents of brain T2* relaxation in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and siblings: A Gradient Echo Plural Contrast Imaging (GEPCI) study. Schizophr Res 2015; 169:36-45. [PMID: 26603058 PMCID: PMC4681636 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigating brain tissue T2* relaxation properties in vivo can potentially guide the uncovering of neuropathology in psychiatric illness, which is traditionally examined post mortem. We use an MRI-based Gradient Echo Plural Contrast Imaging (GEPCI) technique that produces inherently co-registered images allowing quantitative assessment of tissue cellular and hemodynamic properties. Usually described as R2* (=1/T2*) relaxation rate constant, recent developments in GEPCI allow the separation of cellular-specific (R2*C) and hemodynamic (BOLD) contributions to the MRI signal decay. We characterize BOLD effect in terms of tissue concentration of deoxyhemoglobin, i.e. CDEOXY, which reflects brain activity. 17 control (CON), 17 bipolar disorder (BPD), 16 schizophrenia (SCZ), and 12 unaffected schizophrenia sibling (SIB) participants were scanned and post-processed using GEPCI protocols. A MANOVA of 38gray matter regions ROIs showed significant group effects for CDEOXY but not for R2*C. In the three non-control groups, 71-92% of brain regions had increased CDEOXY. Group effects were observed in the superior temporal cortex and the thalamus. Increased superior temporal cortex CDEOXY was found in SCZ (p=0.01), BPD (p=0.01) and SIB (p=0.02), with bilateral effects in SCZ and only left hemisphere effects in BPD and SIB. Thalamic CDEOXY abnormalities were observed in SCZ (p=0.003), BPD (p=0.03) and SIB (p=0.02). Our results suggest that increased activity in certain brain regions is part of the underlying pathophysiology of specific psychiatric disorders. High CDEOXY in the superior temporal cortex suggests abnormal activity with auditory, language and/or social cognitive processing. Larger studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance of relaxometric abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States.
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Radiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States
| | - Xialing Ulrich
- Department of Radiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States, Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, United States, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, United States
| | - Dmitriy Yablonskiy
- Department of Radiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, United States
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Liu K, Li B, Qian S, Jiang Q, Li L, Sun G. Altered interhemispheric resting state functional connectivity during passive hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 31:840-9. [PMID: 26608616 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2015.1058977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines the effect of passive hyperthermia on interhemispheric resting state functional connectivity and the correlation between interhemispheric resting state functional connectivity and efficiency of a succedent working memory task. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) analyses on resting state MRI data and a one-back task from 14 healthy subjects in both HT (hyperthermia, 50 °C) conditions and normal control (NC, 25 °C) conditions. The group analyses of the differences for VMHC between the two conditions and the correlation analysis between the VMHC and the reaction time (RT) of the one-back task were performed with the statistical parametric mapping software package and the software REST. RESULTS Compared with NC conditions, HT conditions increased VMHC in the cuneus, the postcentral gyrus, and the fusiform gyrus. No region showed decreased VMHC in the HT group in comparison with the NC group. For NC conditions, negative correlations were demonstrated between RT of the one-back task and VMHC in bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and bilateral middle frontal gyrus; for HT conditions, negative correlations were demonstrated between RT and VMHC in bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, as well as cerebellum posterior lobe. CONCLUSION Passive heat stress can impact the interhemispheric information interactions at resting state and the VMHC deficits may play an important role in cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Bo Li
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Shaowen Qian
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Qingjun Jiang
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Li Li
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Gang Sun
- a Department of Medical Imaging , Jinan Military General Hospital , Shandong , China
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Guo W, Liu F, Xiao C, Yu M, Zhang Z, Liu J, Zhang J, Zhao J. Increased Causal Connectivity Related to Anatomical Alterations as Potential Endophenotypes for Schizophrenia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1493. [PMID: 26496253 PMCID: PMC4620791 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatomical and functional abnormalities in the cortico-cerebellar-thalamo-cortical circuit have been observed in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings. However, it remains unclear to the relationship between anatomical and functional abnormalities within this circuit in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings, which may serve as potential endophenotypes for schizophrenia.Anatomical and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 49 first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia patients, 46 unaffected siblings, and 46 healthy controls. Data were analyzed by using voxel-based morphometry and Granger causality analysis.The patients and the siblings shared anatomical deficits in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and increased left MTG-left angular gyrus (AG) connectivity. Moreover, the left MTG-left AG connectivity negatively correlates to the duration of untreated psychosis in the patients.The findings indicate that anatomical deficits in the left MTG and its increased causal connectivity with the left AG may serve as potential endophenotypes for schizophrenia with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Guo
- From the Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan (GW, ZJ); Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan (LF); and Mental Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University; Nanning, Guangxi, China (XC, YM, ZZ, LJ, ZJ)
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Zhang Y, Zheng J, Fan X, Guo X, Guo W, Yang G, Chen H, Zhao J, Lv L. Dysfunctional resting-state connectivities of brain regions with structural deficits in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia adolescents. Schizophr Res 2015; 168:353-9. [PMID: 26281967 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) are a subgroup of patients who present clinical symptoms between 13 and 18years of age. Little is known about neurodevelopmental abnormalities in this patient population. The present study was to examine possible resting-state dysfunctional connectivity of brain regions with altered gray matter volume in AOS. METHODS Gray matter volume was investigated by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. Resting-state functional connectivity analysis was used to examine the correlations between regions with structural deficits and the remaining regions. RESULTS Thirty-seven first-episode schizophrenia adolescents and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Compared to the controls, the patients showed significantly decreased gray matter volumes in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG) (ps<0.05). With the right STG as seed, significantly reduced connectivities were found within the frontal-temporal networks in the patient group (ps<0.05). With the right MTG as seed, the patient group showed significantly reduced connectivities in the default-mode networks and visual networks (ps<0.05). Compared to significant correlations in the controls (p=0.02), the patients had no observed correlations between functional connectivity of the right STG and gray matter volume of this region. Significant positive correlations were found between functional connectivity of the right STG with the left middle frontal gyrus and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores (p=0.048) after controlling the confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS These findings show dysfunctional resting-state connectivities of the right STG and MTG with decreased gray matter volume in adolescents with AOS, suggesting that neurodevelopmental abnormalities may be present in AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory for Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory for Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory for Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory for Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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Lee BH, Hong JP, Hwang JA, Ham BJ, Na KS, Kim WJ, Trigo J, Kim YK. Alterations in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment. Psychiatry Res 2015; 228:95-9. [PMID: 25977072 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenetic factor, is a known neurotrophic factor. In this study, we examined plasma levels of VEGF in 50 patients with schizophrenia (SPR) and 50 healthy control subjects. We also explored any changes in plasma VEGF levels after 6-week treatment with antipsychotic agents in patients with schizophrenia. All subjects with schizophrenia were either medication-naïve or medication-free for at least 4 weeks before assessment. Plasma VEGF levels in all subjects were significantly correlated with smoking duration, which was considered to be a significant covariate. Pre-treatment plasma VEGF levels in patients with schizophrenia were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Post-treatment VEGF levels were significantly increased in patients with schizophrenia. Plasma VEGF levels in patients with schizophrenia did not exhibit significant correlation with the total or subscale scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) either at baseline or at the end of the 6-week treatment. In conclusion, our findings reveal that plasma VEGF levels before treatment were lower in patients with schizophrenia and that their VEGF levels increased after treatment. Thus, VEGF may have a neuroprotective role in the improvement of schizophrenia or in the treatment effects of antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun-Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, 90, Baengyeonsan-ro, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul, 122-913, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-A Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516, Gojan-dong, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gacheon University Gil Medical Center, 1198, Guwol 1-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Joong Kim
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory Centre for Addicition and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose Trigo
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory Centre for Addicition and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516, Gojan-dong, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-707, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-706, Republic of Korea.
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van der Velde J, Gromann PM, Swart M, de Haan L, Wiersma D, Bruggeman R, Krabbendam L, Aleman A. Grey matter, an endophenotype for schizophrenia? A voxel-based morphometry study in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015; 40:207-13. [PMID: 25768029 PMCID: PMC4409438 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.140064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grey matter, both volume and concentration, has been proposed as an endophenotype for schizophrenia given a number of reports of grey matter abnormalities in relatives of patients with schizophrenia. However, previous studies on grey matter abnormalities in relatives have produced inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to examine grey matter differences between controls and siblings of patients with schizophrenia and to examine whether the age, genetic loading or subclinical psychotic symptoms of selected individuals could explain the previously reported inconsistencies. METHODS We compared the grey matter volume and grey matter concentration of healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls matched for age, sex and education using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Furthermore, we selected subsamples based on age (< 30 yr), genetic loading and subclinical psychotic symptoms to examine whether this would lead to different results. RESULTS We included 89 siblings and 69 controls in our study. The results showed that siblings and controls did not differ significantly on grey matter volume or concentration. Furthermore, specifically selecting participants based on age, genetic loading or subclinical psychotic symptoms did not alter these findings. LIMITATIONS The main limitation was that subdividing the sample resulted in smaller samples for the subanalyses. Furthermore, we used MRI data from 2 different scanner sites. CONCLUSION These results indicate that grey matter measured through VBM might not be a suitable endophenotype for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorien van der Velde
- Correspondence to: J van der Velde, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimaging Center, UMCG-O&O, P.O. Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands;
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Lyu H, Hu M, Eyler LT, Jin H, Wang J, Ou J, Guo X, He Z, Liu F, Zhao J, Guo W. Regional white matter abnormalities in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia patients and their healthy unaffected siblings. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2015; 49:246-54. [PMID: 25318995 DOI: 10.1177/0004867414554268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shared neuropathological features between schizophrenia patients and their siblings may represent intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia and can be used to investigate genetic susceptibility to the illness. This study aimed to discover regional white matter abnormalities in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and their unaffected siblings compared to healthy subjects in the Chinese Han population using optimized Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM). METHOD A total of 51 drug-naive, FES patients, 45 of their unaffected siblings and 59 healthy comparisons were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS FES patients exhibited significant regional white matter deficits in the left inferior frontal gyrus and left joint of external capsule and internal capsule compared with healthy subjects (corrected FDR, p<0.005). The sibling group also showed significant white matter deficits in these two regions compared with the healthy comparison group (uncorrected, p<0.001). White matter deficits with a less stringent threshold for significance in the left cerebellum anterior lobe, left middle frontal gyrus, left hippocampus, right anterior cingulate and right internal capsule were observed in patients compared to their siblings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend those from previous VBM analyses showing that FES patients and their unaffected siblings may share white matter deficits in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left joint of external capsule and internal capsule. These regional white matter deficits may be related to genetic factors related to schizophrenia susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Lyu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Maorong Hu
- Mental Health Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, USA VA San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatric Service, La Jolla, USA
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, USA VA San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatric Service, La Jolla, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianjun Ou
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhong He
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
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