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Diamond R, Waite F, Boylan AM, Hicks A, Kabir T, Shiers D, Freeman D. Supporting movement and physical activity in people with psychosis: A qualitative exploration of the carer perspective. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241277166. [PMID: 39230421 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241277166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need to increase exercise and decrease sedentary behaviour in people diagnosed with psychosis is well-recognised. AIMS We set out to explore caregivers' perspectives on what supports and prevents physical activity, and how to use carers' support most effectively. METHOD Fourteen caregivers of people diagnosed with psychosis were interviewed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, in collaboration with caregivers. RESULTS Four themes were developed, the first flagging the importance of physical activity, then the others calling for action: (a) Physical inactivity matters: carers are keen to support efforts to increase physical activity in their family or friends because of the enormous impact physical inactivity has on patients, and consequently on carers themselves, such as social isolation and reduction in their own activity. (b) Tell us: without being well-informed about how to help, carers can feel like they are powerless to stop a 'slow suicide' or 'decline' in patients. (c) Listen to us: through knowing their family and friends well, carers are able to identify important changes in patients and identify successful motivators for them, but these insights can feel uninvited. (d) Ask us: being invited to support activity as a partner in a patients' care is desirable but having offers of help rejected can "demotivate the motivator." CONCLUSIONS Caregivers described strong motivation to help patients to be more physically active but can feel that their support is overlooked and under-used by services. Clinical recommendations for carer involvement in physical activity interventions are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Diamond
- Oxford Cognitive Approaches to Psychosis (O-CAP), Department of Experimental Psychology, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Felicity Waite
- Oxford Cognitive Approaches to Psychosis (O-CAP), Department of Experimental Psychology, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Boylan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Thomas Kabir
- Oxford Cognitive Approaches to Psychosis (O-CAP), Department of Experimental Psychology, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - David Shiers
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Trust, UK
- University of Manchester, UK
- School of Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Daniel Freeman
- Oxford Cognitive Approaches to Psychosis (O-CAP), Department of Experimental Psychology, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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2
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Cocheteau M, Rosa L. [The contribution of the adapted physical activity and health teacher in psychiatry]. Soins Psychiatr 2024; 45:30-33. [PMID: 39237217 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
A teacher of adapted physical activity and health (EAPAS) is a paramedical professional. A professional degree in sciences and techniques of physical and sports activities, with a specialization in adapted physical activity and health, is a prerequisite for this profession. These studies can be supplemented by a professional master's degree. EAPAS practitioners can work in the medico-social, somatic, psychiatric, geriatric and functional rehabilitation sectors. In mental health, they work as part of multi-disciplinary teams, with institutional support. They act on medical prescription to achieve psychological, physical, motivational and social benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Cocheteau
- Centre d'activité physique et sportive, Hôpital Paul-Guiraud, 1 rue Andras-Beck, 92140 Clamart, France.
| | - Lucca Rosa
- Centre d'activité physique et sportive, Hôpital Paul-Guiraud, 1 rue Andras-Beck, 92140 Clamart, France
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3
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González F, Montoya O, Rosenbaum S. Exercise and Schizophrenia. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39120811 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and has a profound impact on various aspects of life, including physical activity. The relationship between schizophrenia and physical activity is an area of growing interest in medical and health research from a physical, mental, and psychosocial health perspective. Physical activity and structured exercise have been identified as promising interventions to improve physical and psychological health outcomes of people living with schizophrenia. This chapter provides a brief overview that explores various aspects of the relationship between physical activity, exercise, and schizophrenia. The impact of schizophrenia on human movement is discussed, along with an overview of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness levels in adults with schizophrenia. Additionally, the influence of exercise interventions on physical and psychological outcomes will be discussed, along with current physical activity recommendations for those living with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Montoya
- Escuela Colombiana de Rehabilitación, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Qi F, Jinmin Z. Cognitive performance's critical role in the progression from educational attainment to moderate to vigorous physical activity: insights from a Mendelian randomization study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1421171. [PMID: 39035088 PMCID: PMC11258795 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1421171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In individuals with high educational levels, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is often elevated, yet the causal direction and the role of cognitive performance in this association remain ambiguous. Herein, Mendel randomization (MR) was employed to measure the causal relationship between education, cognitive performance, and moderate to vigorous physical activity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causal effects of educational attainment on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels and to explore potential mediating factors. Methods Two-sample univariate MR analysis was conducted to assess the overall effect of education on moderate to severe physical activity. Besides, a two-step MR analysis was carried out to evaluate the mediating effect of cognitive performance on the impact of education on moderate to severe physical activity. Individuals included were exclusively of European ancestry, with data gathered from extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on education (n = 470,941), cognitive performance (n = 257,841), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (n = 377,234). Educational attainment was measured by college graduation status. Cognitive performance encompasses not only psycho-motor speed, memory, and abstract reasoning abilities but also knowledge and skills acquired in professional domains. MVPA is defined as any physical activity that produces a metabolic equivalent (MET) of ≥3.0. Results The positive two-sample MR analysis showed that education level had a significant protective effect on MVPA deficiency (β = -0.276, 95% CI = -0.354 to -0.199, p = 2.866 × 10-12). However, the reverse two-sample MR analysis showed that MVPA had no significant causal relationship with education level (p = 0.165). Subsequently, the two-step MR analysis indicated that the potential causal protective effect of education on the risk of MVPA deficiency was mostly mediated by cognitive performance (mediating effect β = -0.235, 95% CI = -0.434 to -0.036, and the intermediary ratio was 85.061%). Discussion Cognitive performance holds considerable significance in the relationship between education level and MVPA. Consequently, the intervention of cognitive performance may greatly improve the risk of physical inactivity caused by education, thereby promoting individual health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qi
- Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Jinmin
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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5
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Tazaki T, Yamada H, Sato R, Ishii H, Sugita S, Yanagihara H, Nakamura D, Takashio O, Inamoto A, Iwanami A. Constipation-associated factors in outpatients with schizophrenia: A multicenter questionnaire survey. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2024. [PMID: 38957048 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that affects people globally, decreasing their quality of life and life expectancy. Individuals with schizophrenia often suffer from constipation, which could be a result of the illness itself or the side effects of psychotropic medications. However, little research has been conducted on factors contributing to constipation in individuals with schizophrenia. To address this issue, we conducted a survey using self-administered questionnaires and medical records to identify factors associated with constipation in psychiatric outpatients. This study included 399 patients with schizophrenia, resulting in a high prevalence of constipation (43.4%). The analysis suggested that female gender, the doses of antiparkinsonian medications, and benzodiazepine sleeping pills may be associated with constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Tazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Shinrin Koen Mental Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sato
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shutaro Sugita
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Yanagihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dan Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Takashio
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Inamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Iwanami
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Rippe W, Weisner L, Ewen J, Mench P, Koppius T, Borgwardt S, Tari B, Heath M, Sprenger A, Wilms B, Lencer R. We like to move it - patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are impaired in estimating their physical fitness levels and benefit from individualized exercise. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01844-6. [PMID: 38953981 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) engage less in physical activity than healthy individuals. The impact of subjectively assessed physical fitness levels on motivation for sports engagement and its relation to objective fitness parameters in SSD is unclear. METHODS 25 patients with SSD (P-SSD) and 24 healthy controls (H-CON) participated in a randomized controlled study. Individual anaerobic thresholds (AT) were determined by an incremental exercise test and on separate days, aerobic exercise (cycling at 80% of workload at AT) and non-exercise control (sitting on an ergometer without cycling) sessions were performed. Demographic, clinical and objective physical fitness data (i.e., weekly physical activity, workload at AT, heart rate) were collected. Subjective physical fitness parameters were assessed before and after exercise and control sessions. RESULTS Weekly physical activity in P-SSD was lower than in H-CON (p < 0.05) attributed to reduced engagement in sport activities (p < 0.001). Workload and percentage of predicted maximal heart rate at AT were also reduced in P-SSD compared to H-CON (both p < 0.05). Although objective and subjective physical fitness parameters were related in H-CON (p < 0.01), this relationship was absent in P-SSD. However, during exercise sessions subjective physical fitness ratings increased to a stronger extent in P-SSD than H-CON (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The missing relationship between subjective and objective physical fitness parameters in people with SSD may represent a barrier for stronger engagement in physical activity. Accordingly, supervised exercise interventions with individually adjusted workload intensity may support realistic subjective fitness estimations and enhance motivation for sports activity in individuals with SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wido Rippe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - L Weisner
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Ewen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - P Mench
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - T Koppius
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - S Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - B Tari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M Heath
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - A Sprenger
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - B Wilms
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - R Lencer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University Münster, Münster, Germany
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Venet-Kelma L, Morvan Y, Romain AJ, Mendy M, Meslier M, Thoisy I, Mulin E, Chirio-Espitalier M, Dadi G, Moualla M, Amado I, Kern L. Effect of an adapted physical activity program on stress, anxiety, depression in patients with schizophrenia: study protocol of a randomized-controlled trial. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:891-902. [PMID: 37670161 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is recommended to optimize well-functioning in people with schizophrenia. PA has been found to improve quality of life, general symptomatology, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, global and social functioning. In PA research, most of the interventions are based on one-on-one interventions but there is poor information about group-based PA interventions. Using a randomized controlled, clinician-blinded trial, subjects are randomized into two arms: the PA group or control group. Our first objective is about to evaluate the effects of a multimodal 6 week collective PA intervention on depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Our second objective is about to evaluate these effects on secondary outcomes especially smoking, well-being, physical fitness and on care utilization. All participants are evaluated before and after the 6 week intervention period, and only participants in the PA group are called in a follow-up interview 3 and 6 months after the intervention.Trial registration Individual Protection Committee of Ile-de-France II, n ID RCB: 2018- A00583-52. Registered on 8 April 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Venet-Kelma
- University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. lucie.venet--
- Research Center of the University Institute of Mental Health of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. lucie.venet--
| | | | - Ahmed Jérôme Romain
- University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center of the University Institute of Mental Health of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mauricette Mendy
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation (C3RP), Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Meslier
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation (C3RP), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Thoisy
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Mulin
- Korian Val du Fenouillet Psychiatric Clinic, La Crau, France
| | - Marion Chirio-Espitalier
- Reference Center for Therapeutic Education and Cognitive Remediation, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ghita Dadi
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation (C3RP), Paris, France
| | - Mona Moualla
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation (C3RP), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Amado
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation (C3RP), Paris, France
| | - Laurence Kern
- University of Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- Paris University Hospital Group Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
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Ruf W, Juvan L, van Poppel M, Hiebler-Ragger M, Anhaus S, Sattler MC. Self-determined motivational health coaching ('SAMI') during outpatient treatment to promote physical activity of people with serious mental illness: a pilot controlled trial. J Ment Health 2024; 33:376-385. [PMID: 38949040 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2024.2361230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brief motivational coaching, integrated into health care; seems promising to address physical inactivity of people with serious mental illness (SMI). AIMS To test the impact of a self-determined health coaching approach (the "SAMI" intervention) during outpatient mental health treatment on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of people with SMI. METHODS Adults (mean age = 41.9, SD = 10.9) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of mental illness were semi-randomized to the SAMI-intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). The IG received 30 minutes of health coaching based on the self-determination theory (SDT). MVPA and sedentary time (ST) were measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form (IPAQ-SF) and symptoms of mental illness with the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), each at baseline and follow-up (3-4 months). Differences in primary (MVPA) and secondary (ST, BSI-18) outcomes were evaluated using negative binomial regressions and general linear models. RESULTS In the IG (n = 30), MVPA increased from 278 (interquartile range [IQR] = 175-551) to 435 (IQR = 161-675) min/week compared to a decrease from 250 (IQR = 180-518) to 155 (IQR = 0-383) min/week in the CG (n = 26; adjusted relative difference at follow-up: Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR] = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.17-3.93, p = 0.014). There were no statistically significant differences in ST and BSI-18. CONCLUSIONS Brief self-determined health coaching during outpatient treatment could increase post-treatment MVPA in people with SMI, potentially up to a clinically relevant level. However, great uncertainty (for all outcomes) weakens the assessment of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Ruf
- Institute of Sport Science, German University of Health and Sport, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Juvan
- Ambulante Psychosoziale Rehabilitation Graz, ProMente-Reha, Graz, Austria
| | - Mireille van Poppel
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Susanne Anhaus
- Ambulante Psychosoziale Rehabilitation Graz, ProMente-Reha, Graz, Austria
| | - Matteo C Sattler
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Austria
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Hirschbeck A, Kossmann D, Schwegler H, Greiner SK, Hasan A, Roeh A. Implementing exercise recommendations into clinical practice-new findings from mental health professionals' and patients' perspectives in a university psychiatric setting. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1336356. [PMID: 38832308 PMCID: PMC11144853 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1336356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To date, concrete recommendations for physical activity in psychiatric treatments are limited. Thus, we evaluated knowledge, barriers and beliefs associated with exercise prescription of mental health professionals (MHP) to people with mental illnesses. We aimed to identify patients' barriers to exercise participation and to work out options addressing these barriers. Methods In our cross-sectional and questionnaire-based investigation, we recruited medical, nursing and therapeutic staff and patients of a psychiatric clinic by email and personal contact. Questionnaires contained the German versions of The Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire (EMIQ-G) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ). Results We included 100 MHP and 100 patients. MHP had significantly more knowledge regarding positive effects of exercise on general health than patients. Exercise was prescribed mostly (48.4%) or always (37.9%) by MHP. The data showed missing education in exercise prescriptions and different recommendation behavior. Male patients seemed to experience exercise more often as a positive distraction and had lower physical health barriers than females. Discussion Physical activity needs to be more integrated in psychiatric treatments. Some strategies as educating MHP and patients regarding potential benefits of exercise via psychoeducative brochures and adapting recommendations to individual symptoms could improve exercise behavior in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hirschbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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10
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Cui W, Liu Z, Liang C, Zhao Z. Comparative efficacy of different types of exercise modalities on psychiatric symptomatology in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review with network meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7019. [PMID: 38528063 PMCID: PMC10963726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This network meta-analysis investigated the effects of 8 types of physical exercises on treating positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathology, and the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score in patients with schizophrenia. The methods adhered to PRISMA guidelines and used the Cochrane risk of bias tool for quality assessment, and Stata software for data analysis. Data were sourced from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database up to August 15, 2023, following PICOS principles. A total of 25 studies including 1441 participants were analyzed. Results showed that resistance exercise seems to be effective for improving positive symptoms, while Yoga was more effective for negative symptoms. Low-intensity aerobic exercise was optimal for general psychopathology, and Yoga was effective in improving the PANSS total score. The study concluded that yoga and aerobic exercise demonstrated superior performance, but the impact of exercise on patients with schizophrenia is also influenced by individual factors and intervention dosages. Therefore, a pre-assessment of patients considering factors such as interests, hobbies, and physical capabilities is crucial for selecting appropriate exercise modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai Cui
- Graduate School, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Zhitao Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cheng Liang
- Graduate School, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhi Zhao
- Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
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11
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Bertossi F. A Possible Role of Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain. Cureus 2024; 16:e55733. [PMID: 38463411 PMCID: PMC10921070 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics are mainly used in both acute and long-term treatment of major psychiatric disorders. Although better tolerated than first-generation antipsychotic drugs, they can frequently induce weight gain and metabolic disorders, of these, olanzapine is one of the drugs more likely to induce these side effects. There is consistent evidence of the role of gut microbiota in modulating the gut-brain axis with complex crosstalk with the host involving satiety signaling pathways, food intake behavior, and weight and metabolic regulation. Second-generation antipsychotics induce important gut microbiota modification thus contributing together with the central and peripheral receptors blockade mechanism to weight gain induction and metabolic impairment. These drugs can alter the composition of gut microbiota and induce dysbiosis, often reducing the concentration of Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium that is also decreased in patients with diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or chronic inflammatory diseases. Probiotic administration can be a safe and well-tolerated approach to modulate microbiota and offer an integrative strategy in psychiatric patients suffering antipsychotic side effects. Multiple strain probiotics and Akkermansia muciniphila alone have been administered both in mice models and in clinical populations demonstrating efficacy on antipsychotic-induced metabolic impairment and showing a contribution in reducing induced weight gain. Akkermansia muciniphila can improve several parameters altered by olanzapine administration, such as weight gain, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, liver function, systemic inflammation, and gut barrier function. Although we do not have jet trials in the psychiatric population, this probiotic may be a complementary approach to treating olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bertossi
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, ITA
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12
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Sawyer C, Hassan L, Sainsbury J, Carney R, Bucci S, Burgess H, Lovell K, Torous J, Firth J. Using digital technology to promote physical health in mental healthcare: A sequential mixed-methods study of clinicians' views. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:140-152. [PMID: 37318221 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recent years have seen innovation in 'mHealth' tools and health apps for the management/promotion of physical health and fitness across the general population. However, there is limited research on how this could be applied to mental healthcare. Therefore, we examined mental healthcare professionals' current uses and perceived roles of digital lifestyle interventions for promoting healthy lifestyles, physical health and fitness in youth mental healthcare. METHODS A sequential, mixed-methods design was used, consisting of a quantitative online survey, followed by qualitative in-depth interviews. RESULTS A total of 127 mental healthcare professionals participated in the online survey. Participants had limited mHealth experience, and the majority agreed that further training would be beneficial. Thirteen mental healthcare professionals were interviewed. Five themes were generated (i) digital technology's ability to enhance the physical healthcare; (ii) Conditions for the acceptability of apps; (iii) Limitations on staff capability and time; (iv) Motivation as the principal barrier; and (v) Practicalities around receiving lifestyle data. Systematic integration of data produced novel insights around: (i) staff involvement and needs; (ii) ideal focus and content of digital lifestyle interventions; and (iii) barriers towards implementation (including mental healthcare professionals own limited experience using digital lifestyle interventions, which aligned with the appeal of formal training). CONCLUSIONS Overall, digital lifestyle interventions were positively received by mental healthcare professionals, particularly for health behaviour-tracking and mHealth support for exercise and nutrition. Practical suggestions for facilitating their uptake/implementation to improve availability of physical health interventions in mental healthcare are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Sawyer
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lamiece Hassan
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John Sainsbury
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebekah Carney
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Bucci
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Harriet Burgess
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karina Lovell
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John Torous
- Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Pieters L, Blanken T, van Lunteren K, van Harten P, Deenik J. A Network Model of Health-Related Changes after a Lifestyle-Enhancing Treatment in Patients with Severe Mental Illness: the MULTI Study VI. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100436. [PMID: 38226003 PMCID: PMC10788809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective The effects of lifestyle interventions on physical and mental health in people with severe mental illness (SMI) are promising, but its underlying mechanisms remain unsolved. This study aims to examine changes in health-related outcomes after a lifestyle intervention, distinguishing between direct and indirect effects. Method We applied network intervention analysis on data from the 18-month cohort Multidisciplinary Lifestyle enhancing Treatment for Inpatients with SMI (MULTI) study in 106 subjects (62% male, mean age=54.7 (SD=10.8)) that evaluated changes in actigraphy-measured physical activity, metabolic health, psychopathology, psychosocial functioning, quality of life and medication use after MULTI (n=65) compared to treatment as usual (n=41). Results MULTI is directly connected to decreased negative symptoms and psychotropic medication dosage, and improved physical activity and psychosocial functioning, suggesting a unique and direct association between MULTI and the different outcome domains. Secondly, we identified associations between outcomes within the same domain (e.g., metabolic health) and between the domains (e.g., metabolic health and social functioning), suggesting potential indirect effects of MULTI. Conclusions This novel network approach shows that MULTI has direct and indirect associations with various health-related outcomes. These insights contribute to the development of effective treatment strategies in people with severe mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Pieters
- Research Department, Psychiatric Centre GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Blanken
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten van Lunteren
- Research Department, Psychiatric Centre GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Harten
- Research Department, Psychiatric Centre GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Deenik
- Research Department, Psychiatric Centre GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Kwobah E, Koen N, Mwangi A, Atwoli L, Stein DJ. Prevalence of lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors and estimated framingham 10-year risk scores of adults with psychotic disorders compared to controls at a referral hospital in Eldoret, Kenya. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:909. [PMID: 38053103 PMCID: PMC10699058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, suboptimal diet, and inadequate physical activity have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. There are limited data on these risk factors among patients with psychosis in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to establish the prevalence of lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk scores and associated factors in patients with psychosis compared to controls at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya. METHODS A sample of 297 patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar mood disorder; and 300 controls matched for age and sex were included in this analysis. A study specific researcher-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, antipsychotic medication use, smoking, alcohol intake, diet, and physical activity. Weight, height, abdominal circumference, and blood pressure were also collected to calculate the Framingham 10-year Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS), while blood was drawn for measurement of glucose level and lipid profile. Pearson's chi-squared tests and t-tests were employed to assess differences in cardiovascular risk profiles between patients and controls, and a linear regression model was used to determine predictors of 10-year cardiovascular risk in patients. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients with psychosis were more likely to have smoked in their lifetimes (9.9% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.006) or to be current smokers (13.8% vs. 7%, p = 0.001). Over 97% of patients with psychosis consumed fewer than five servings of fruits and vegetables per week; 78% engaged in fewer than three days of vigorous exercise per week; and 48% sat for more than three hours daily. The estimated 10-year risk of CVD was relatively low in this study: the FRS in patients was 3.16, compared to 2.93 in controls. The estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk in patients was significantly associated with female sex (p = 0.007), older patients (p < 0.001), current tobacco smoking (p < 0.001), and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the setting of Eldoret, there is suboptimal physical exercise and intake of healthy diet among patients with psychosis and controls. While the estimated risk score among patients is relatively low in our study, these data may be useful for informing future studies geared towards informing interventions to promote healthy lifestyles in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Kwobah
- Department of Psychiatry, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya.
| | - Nastassja Koen
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health & Neuroscience Institute, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ann Mwangi
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, School of Science and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Lukoye Atwoli
- Brain and Mind Institute, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dan J Stein
- South Africa Medical Research (SAMRC) Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Hovland JF, Langeland E, Ness O, Skogvang BO. Experiences with physical activity, health and well-being among young adults with serious mental illness. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2221911. [PMID: 37300845 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2221911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore how young adults with serious mental illness (SMI) experience physical activity and how these experiences influence their perceived health and well-being. METHODS Nine young adults with SMI who had participated in an aerobic high-intensity interval training program were interviewed in depth. The interviews were transcribed and subjected to reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS The results indicated that people with SMI mainly experience physical activity as a meaningful activity that contributes to an increased sense of well-being and better health. However, to overcome various barriers, it is crucial to experience social support and encouragement. The following three main themes were identified through reflexive thematic analysis: (1) positive changes in focus and an increase in well-being occur through physical activity; (2) increased mental strength results from physical activity; and (3) a lack of support and feelings of safety prevent physical activity. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that adapted physical activity is an important resistance resource that can promote stronger self-identity, increased mental well-being and social engagement and thus contribute to an improved ability to manage stressors. Furthermore, the findings reveal that to engage in physical activity and promote sustainable life changes, it is important for individuals to choose a physical activity based on personal interest and meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freddy Hovland
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Vestfold Hospital Trust, Division of Mental Health & Addiction, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Eva Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ottar Ness
- Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bente O Skogvang
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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Machaczek KK, Firth J, Tew GA, Stubbs B, Jones G, Peckham EJ. Towards the standardization of physical activity programs for severe mental ill health: A survey of current practice across 54 mental health trusts in England. Psychiatry Res 2023; 330:115602. [PMID: 37972497 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS While physical activity (PA) is recommended in the treatment of severe mental illness (SMI), there are no standardized processes for implementing PA in mental healthcare, and the extent to which PA programs have been implemented is unknown. Therefore, we sought to describe usual care in terms of the provision of PA in the National Health Service (NHS) mental health trusts in England for people with SMI. METHODS We invited all NHS Mental Health Trusts across England to participate in a bespoke survey. RESULTS Fifty-two mental health trusts (96.2%) responded, of which 47 (87%) offered some form of physical activity provision. The provision across these 47 trusts comprised 93 different types of PA programs. The programs that were identified showed vast differences in the types of physical activity offered, the settings in which they were provided, and the providers. CONCLUSIONS Although existing mental healthcare services are demonstrating good practice in some areas, the findings of this survey underline the pressing need for more standardization of PA programs that are delivered to people with SMI, better allocation of resources, staff training, improved monitoring of the delivery of these programs, and better PA support for patients as they transition to community care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Garry Alan Tew
- Institute for Health and Care Improvement, York St John University, York YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Gareth Jones
- Centre for Applied Health & Social Care Research (CARe), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Emily Jane Peckham
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham LL13 7YP, UK
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Brasso C, Bellino S, Bozzatello P, Montemagni C, Nobili MGA, Sgro R, Rocca P. Second Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: The Patient's Subjective Quality of Life, Well-Being, and Satisfaction. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6985. [PMID: 38002600 PMCID: PMC10672596 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12226985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is among the twenty most disabling diseases worldwide. Subjective quality of life, well-being, and satisfaction are core elements to achieving personal recovery from the disorder. Long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (SGA-LAIs) represent a valid therapeutic option for the treatment of SZ as they guarantee good efficacy and adherence to treatment. The aim of this rapid review is to summarize the evidence on the efficacy of SGA-LAIs in improving subjective quality of life, well-being, and satisfaction. The PubMed database was searched for original studies using SGA, LAI, risperidone, paliperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine, SZ, and psychosis as keywords. Twenty-one studies were included: 13 clinical trials, 7 observational studies, and 1 post hoc analysis. It has been shown that SGA-LAIs bring an improvement to specific domains of subjective and self-rated quality of life, well-being, or satisfaction in prospective observational studies without a control arm and in randomized controlled trials versus placebo. The superiority of SGA-LAIs as compared with oral equivalents and haloperidol-LAI has been reported by some randomized controlled and observational studies. Although promising, the evidence is still limited because of the lack of studies and several methodological issues concerning the choice of the sample, the evaluation of the outcome variables, and the study design. New methodologically sound studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 13, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.B.); (P.B.); (C.M.); (M.G.A.N.); (R.S.); (P.R.)
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Arumuham A, Nour MM, Veronese M, Onwordi EC, Rabiner EA, Howes OD. The histamine system and cognitive function: An in vivo H3 receptor PET imaging study in healthy volunteers and patients with schizophrenia. J Psychopharmacol 2023; 37:1011-1022. [PMID: 37329185 PMCID: PMC10612380 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231177287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The histamine-3 receptor (H3R) is an auto- and heteroreceptor that inhibits the release of histamine and other neurotransmitters. Post-mortem evidence has found altered H3R expression in patients with psychotic disorders, which may underlie cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS). AIMS We used positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to compare brain uptake of an H3R selective tracer between patients with schizophrenia and matched controls (healthy individuals). Regions of interest included the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and striatum. We explored correlations between tracer uptake and symptoms, including cognitive domains. METHODS A total of 12 patients and 12 matched controls were recruited to the study and were assessed with psychiatric and cognitive rating scales. They received a PET scan using the H3R-specific radioligand [11C]MK-8278 to determine H3R availability. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in tracer uptake between patients and controls in the DLPFC (t19 = 0.79, p = 0.44) or striatum (t21 = 1.18, p = 0.25). An exploratory analysis found evidence for lower volume of distribution in the left cuneus (pFWE-corrected = 0.01). DLPFC tracer uptake was strongly correlated with cognition in controls (trail making test (TMT) A: r = 0.77, p = 0.006; TMT B: rho = 0.74, p = 0.01), but not in patients (TMT A: r = -0.18, p = 0.62; TMT B: rho = -0.06, p = 0.81). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate H3R in the DLPFC might play a role in executive function and this is disrupted in schizophrenia in the absence of major alterations in H3R availability as assessed using a selective radiotracer for H3R. This provides further evidence for the role of H3R in CIAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atheeshaan Arumuham
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Medical Research Council, London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Matthew M Nour
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ellis Chika Onwordi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Medical Research Council, London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eugenii A Rabiner
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Invicro, London, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Medical Research Council, London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- H Lundbeck A/s, St Albans, UK
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Huang WJ, Pellegrini CA, Chen MD, Huang WY, Kao T, Lee CF, Chien YC. The correlates and reference values for the 6-minute walk distance in Taiwanese adults with schizophrenia. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:3567-3572. [PMID: 36151891 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2125592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to identify the factors associated with the 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and to provide reference values for the 6MWD in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) in Taiwan. METHODS A proportional stratified sampling method was utilized based on distribution of gender, age and body mass index (BMI) at the study hospital. The 6-minute walk test was conducted according to the American Thoracic Society protocol. RESULTS A total of 237 patients with SCZ completed the 6-minute walk test. The 6MWD was significantly associated with age, height, weight, and length of the onset of SCZ. Stepwise linear regression revealed that height and age were significant determinants of 6MWD. The reference values for males and females at different age groups were determined. Notably, females over 60 walked substantially shorter than the age younger than 60. CONCLUSIONS Height and age were the main predictors for 6MWD among people with SCZ in Taiwan. The established reference values can be used to identify those at risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness and as a target outcome during exercise programs in psychiatric rehabilitation. Our results highlight that older females with SCZ may be a priority group to target with exercise interventions to mitigate the faster decline in cardiorespiratory fitness.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONHeight and age were predictors of 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in schizophrenia (SCZ).The established age- and gender reference values for the 6MWD can be used to identify those at risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness.Females with SCZ over age 60 may be a priority group to target with exercise interventions to mitigate the faster decline in cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ju Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Christine A Pellegrini
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ming-De Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ting Kao
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Fang Lee
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Chien
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
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Tous-Espelosin M, Fernandez-Lasa U, Romaratezabala E. "Out-of-Hospital and with Qualified Exercise Professionals": Keys to the CORTEX-SP Physical Exercise Program According to the Experience of the Participants. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1728-1737. [PMID: 37754464 PMCID: PMC10529622 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13090125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise programs are useful and necessary for the treatment of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to assess the experiences of participants with schizophrenia in an out-of-hospital exercise program designed and supervised by qualified exercise professionals. Thirty-five individuals with schizophrenia from the intervention group of the CORTEX-SP study were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was performed using inductive coding. Two main categories emerged: the importance of the program being conducted out-of-hospital, and the individuals responsible for the program being qualified exercise professionals. The participants highlighted the importance of conducting the program outside the psychiatric center since it gave them greater satisfaction. They perceived greater seriousness and a greater number of resources and felt encouraged to repeat the program or prolong it. The success of the program, in addition to the space, was due to the personnel in charge of the program, i.e., the qualified exercise professionals, and the fact that the activities were designed and supervised. Participants emphasized the qualifications of the exercise professionals, key for this type of program, their social skills and the level of involvement with participants and their follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Tous-Espelosin
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (U.F.-L.); (E.R.)
- Physical Activity, Exercise, and Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Uxue Fernandez-Lasa
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (U.F.-L.); (E.R.)
| | - Estibaliz Romaratezabala
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (U.F.-L.); (E.R.)
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Zarbo C, Rota M, Calza S, Crouter SE, Ekelund U, Barlati S, Bussi R, Clerici M, Placenti R, Paulillo G, Pogliaghi S, Rocchetti M, Ruggeri M, Starace F, Zanolini S, Zamparini M, de Girolamo G. Ecological monitoring of physical activity, emotions and daily life activities in schizophrenia: the DiAPAson study. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 26:e300836. [PMID: 37666578 PMCID: PMC11146405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2023-300836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) compromise psychosocial functioning, including daily time use, emotional expression and physical activity (PA). OBJECTIVE We performed a cohort study aimed at investigating: (1) the differences in PA, daily activities and emotions between patients with SSD and healthy controls (HC); (2) the strength of the association between these variables and clinical features among patients with SSD. METHODS Ninety-nine patients with SSD (53 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 111 matched HC were assessed for several clinical variables, and levels of functioning by means of standardised clinical measures. Self-reported daily activities and emotions were assessed with a smartphone application for ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and PA levels were assessed with a wearable accelerometer for 7 consecutive days.FindingsPatients with SSD, especially those living in residential facilities, spent more time being sedentary, and self-reported more sedentary and self-care activities, experiencing higher levels of negative emotions compared with HC. Moreover, higher functioning levels among patients were associated with more time spent in moderate-to-vigorous activity. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behaviour and negative emotions are particularly critical among patients with SSD and are associated with more impaired clinical outcomes. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Mobile-EMA and wearable sensors are useful for monitoring the daily life of patients with SSD and the level of PA. This population needs to be targeted with specific rehabilitative programmes aimed at improving their commitment to structured daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zarbo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Rota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Scott E Crouter
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Barlati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bussi
- Centro Sant'Ambrogio-Fatebenefratelli, Cernusco sul Naviglio, Italy
| | - Massimo Clerici
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Placenti
- Centro Sacro Cuore di Gesù Fatebenefratelli, San Colombano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Paulillo
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Pogliaghi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Ruggeri
- Department of Psychiatry, Verona Hospital Trust, AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Starace
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Zanolini
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, Azienda ULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Manuel Zamparini
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Girolamo
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
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22
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Tous-Espelosin M, Crone D, Ruiz de Azua S, Iriarte-Yoller N, Sampedro A, Maldonado-Martín S. 'It Helped Me to Disconnect My Mind from the Problems': The Subjective Experiences of People with Schizophrenia Taking Part in a Concurrent Exercise Program. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:717-725. [PMID: 37307587 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2212781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the subjective experiences of a concurrent exercise program designed to improve both physical and mental health, through participation, for people with schizophrenia. Participants diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 35, 41.6 ± 10.3 years) received an intensive concurrent exercise program for a 5-month duration, three times a week, at out-of-hospital facilities. Qualitative data was collected via individual, semi-structured interviews, organized, and analyzed with thematic analysis. The findings highlight the participants' perspective in supporting an out-of-hospital exercise program as an acceptable and beneficial adjunct to usual treatment in people with schizophrenia for holistic health improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Tous-Espelosin
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Physical Activity, Exercise, and Health group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Diane Crone
- Centre for Health, Activity and Wellbeing Research, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sonia Ruiz de Azua
- Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Nagore Iriarte-Yoller
- Bioaraba, New Therapies in Mental Health Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, Spain
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service. Araba Mental Health Network, Psychiatric Hospital of Alava, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Agurne Sampedro
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Physical Activity, Exercise, and Health group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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23
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De Carlo V, Grancini B, Cassina N, Casati L, Piccoli E, Vismara M, Gobbo D, Zanaschi R, Lupo S, Olivieri S, Dell'Osso B. Cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in patients treated with long-acting injectables antipsychotics: a retrospective study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 38:160-168. [PMID: 36729532 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The present cross-sectional, retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and metabolic syndrome in a sample of psychiatric patients treated with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs). The clinical charts of 120 patients, mainly diagnosed with schizophrenia (30.0%), schizoaffective disorder (15.0%), and bipolar disorder (13.3%) on LAIs therapy - initiated in the period from 2013 to 2019 and lasting at least one year - were retrospectively reviewed and related socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory variables were collected. The 70.8% of patients were treated with first-generation LAIs, and the remaining 29.2% with second-generation LAIs. The overall sample showed low compliance in performing the required exams and evaluations related to CVD risk factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 30.8%, and, considering specific CVD risk factors, 55% of the total sample reported abdominal obesity, 43.3% arterial hypertension, 41.7% low HDL-cholesterol, 25.8% hypertriglyceridemia, and 20.8% fasting hyperglycemia. Lastly, 6.7% showed prolonged corrected QT (QTc) interval at the ECG. Patients treated with LAIs should be regularly monitored for metabolic changes and CVD risk factors. Metabolic changes rapidly develop after initiating an antipsychotic therapy and these often involve parameters, that can be easily recorded in an outpatient setting (e.g. abdominal obesity and hypertension).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera De Carlo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Grancini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Cassina
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Casati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piccoli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vismara
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- 'Aldo Ravelli' Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Gobbo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Zanaschi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Olivieri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'Luigi Sacco', Psychiatric Clinic, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- 'Aldo Ravelli' Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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24
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Pillinger T, McCutcheon RA, Howes OD. Variability of glucose, insulin, and lipid disturbances in first-episode psychosis: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3150-3156. [PMID: 37449481 PMCID: PMC10235663 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-episode psychosis (FEP) is associated with metabolic alterations. However, it is not known if there is heterogeneity in these alterations beyond what might be expected due to normal individual differences, indicative of subgroups of patients at greater vulnerability to metabolic dysregulation. METHODS We employed meta-analysis of variance, indexed using the coefficient of variation ratio (CVR), to compare variability of the following metabolic parameters in antipsychotic naïve FEP and controls: fasting glucose, glucose post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting insulin, insulin resistance, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Standardised mean difference in metabolic parameters between groups was also calculated; meta-regression analyses examined physiological/demographic/psychopathological moderators of metabolic change. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were analysed (1716 patients, 1893 controls). Variability of fasting glucose [CVR = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-1.55; p = 0.001], glucose post-OGTT (CVR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.10-1.87; p = 0.008), fasting insulin (CVR = 1.31; 95% CI 1.09-1.58; p = 0.01), insulin resistance (CVR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.12-1.60; p = 0.001), HbA1c (CVR = 1.18; 95% CI 1.06-1.27; p < 0.0001), total-cholesterol (CVR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.01-1.31; p = 0.03), LDL-cholesterol (CVR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.09-1.50; p = 0.002), and HDL-cholesterol (CVR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.00-1.31; p < 0.05), but not triglycerides, was greater in patients than controls. Mean glucose, glucose post-OGTT, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and triglycerides were greater in patients; mean total-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were reduced in patients. Increased symptom severity and female sex were associated with worse metabolic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Patients with FEP present with greater variability in metabolic parameters relative to controls, consistent with a subgroup of patients with more severe metabolic changes compared to others. Understanding determinants of metabolic variability could help identify patients at-risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Female sex and severe psychopathology are associated with poorer metabolic outcomes, with implications for metabolic monitoring in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby Pillinger
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robert A. McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver D. Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, UK
- H Lundbeck A/s, 3 Abbey View, Everard Close, St Albans AL1 2PS, UK
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25
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Carswell C, Cogley C, Bramham K, Chilcot J, Noble H, Siddiqi N. Chronic kidney disease and severe mental illness: a scoping review. J Nephrol 2023:10.1007/s40620-023-01599-8. [PMID: 37029882 PMCID: PMC10393892 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People who have severe mental illness experience higher rates of long-term conditions and die on average 15-20 years earlier than people who do not have severe mental illness, a phenomenon known as the mortality gap. Long-term conditions, such as diabetes, impact health outcomes for people who have severe mental illness, however there is limited recognition of the relationship between chronic kidney disease and severe mental illness. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to explore the available evidence on the relationship between chronic kidney disease and severe mental illness. METHODS Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched. The database searches were limited to articles published between January 2000-January 2022, due to significant progress that has been made in the detection, diagnosis and treatment of both SMI and CKD. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they explored the relationship between SMI and CKD (Stages 1-5) in terms of prevalence, risk factors, clinical outcomes, and access to treatment and services. Severe mental illness was defined as conditions that can present with psychosis, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and other psychotic disorders. Thirty articles were included in the review. RESULTS The included studies illustrated that there is an increased risk of chronic kidney disease amongst people who have severe mental illness, compared to those who do not. However, people who have severe mental illness and chronic kidney disease are less likely to receive specialist nephrology care, are less likely to be evaluated for a transplant, and have higher rates of mortality. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there is a dearth of literature in this area, but the available literature suggests there are significant health inequalities in kidney care amongst people who have severe mental illness. Further research is needed to understand the factors that contribute to this relationship, and to develop strategies to improve both clinical outcomes and access to kidney care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Carswell
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Clodagh Cogley
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Joseph Chilcot
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen Noble
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Najma Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Hull York Medical School, York, UK
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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26
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Ansari H, Jaglal S, Cheung AM, Kurdyak P. Characterization of Hip Fractures Among Adults With Schizophrenia in Ontario, Canada. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2310550. [PMID: 37115547 PMCID: PMC10148203 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Evidence suggests that individuals with schizophrenia are at an increased risk of hip fractures; however, the sex-specific burden of hip fractures among adults with schizophrenia has not been quantified and compared with the general population. Objective To describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with hip fracture and schizophrenia and to quantify their sex-specific annual hip fracture rates relative to those without schizophrenia. Design, Setting, and Participants This repeated population-based, cross-sectional study leveraged multiple individually linked health administrative databases for patients in Ontario, Canada. We included patients aged 40 to 105 years with hip fracture-related hospitalization between April 1, 2009, and March 31, 2019. Statistical analysis was performed between November 2021 and February 2023. Exposure Schizophrenia diagnosis, ascertained using a validated algorithm. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was sex-specific age-standardized annual hip fracture rate per 10 000 individuals and annual percent change in age-standardized rates. Rates were direct adjusted to the 2011 Ontario population, and joinpoint regression analysis was performed to evaluate annual percent change. Results We identified 117 431 hip fracture records; of these, there were 109 908 index events. Among the 109 908 patients with hip fracture, 4251 had schizophrenia and 105 657 did not. Their median age was 83 years (IQR, 75-89 years), and 34 500 (31.4%) were men. Patients with hip fracture and schizophrenia were younger at the index event compared with those without schizophrenia. Men had a median age of 73 vs 81 years (IQR, 62-83 vs 71-87 years; standardized difference, 0.46), and women had a median age of 80 vs 84 years (IQR, 71-87 vs 77-89 years; standardized difference, 0.32). A higher proportion of patients with vs without schizophrenia had frailty (53.7% vs 34.2%; standardized difference, 0.40) and previous fragility fractures (23.5% vs 19.1%; standardized difference, 0.11). The overall age-standardized rate per 10 000 individuals with vs without schizophrenia was 37.5 (95% CI, 36.4 to 38.6) vs 16.0 (95% CI, 15.9 to 16.1). Age-standardized rates were 3-fold higher in men with vs without schizophrenia (31.0 [95% CI, 29.5 to 32.6] vs 10.1 [95% CI, 10.0 to 10.2]) and more than 2-fold higher in women with vs without schizophrenia (43.4 [95% CI, 41.9 to 44.9] vs 21.4 [95% CI, 21.3 to 21.6]). Overall, joinpoint regression analysis identified a steady annual decrease of 0.7% (95% CI, -1.1% to -0.3%) in age-standardized rates for both study groups. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that individuals with schizophrenia experience an earlier age of onset and considerably higher rate of hip fractures compared with the general population, with implications for targeted fracture prevention and optimization of clinical bone health management over the course of their psychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Ansari
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Jaglal
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela M Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Kurdyak
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Lee C, Waite F, Piernas C, Aveyard P. Development and initial evaluation of a behavioural intervention to support weight management for people with serious mental illness: an uncontrolled feasibility and acceptability study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:130. [PMID: 36859248 PMCID: PMC9979581 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rates of obesity and associated health problems are higher in people with serious mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, than the general population. A primary care referral to a behavioural weight management programme can be an effective intervention, but people with SMI have reported barriers to engaging with them and bespoke options are rarely provided in routine practice. It is possible that adjunct support addressing these specific barriers could help. Here we report the development, feasibility and acceptability of an intervention to improve uptake and engagement with a mainstream weight management programme for people with SMI. METHODS We worked with people with a lived-experience of SMI and used the person-based approach to develop the 'Weight cHange for people with sErious mEntal iLlness' (WHEEL) intervention. It comprised a referral to a mainstream weight management programme (WW®) to be attended once a week, in-person or online, for 12-weeks. The adjunct support comprised a one-off, online consultation called Meet Your Mentor and weekly, telephone or email Mentor Check Ins for 12-weeks. We assessed the feasibility of WHEEL through the number of programme and adjunct support sessions that the participants attended. We analysed the acceptability of WHEEL using a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews conducted at baseline and at 12-week follow-up. Our exploratory outcome of clinical effectiveness was self-reported weight at baseline and at end-of-programme. RESULTS Twenty participants were assessed for eligibility and 17 enrolled. All 17 participants attended Meet Your Mentor and one was lost to follow-up (94% retention). Nine out of 16 attended ≥50% of the weekly programme sessions and 12/16 attended ≥50% of the weekly check-ins. Participants reported in the interviews that the adjunct support helped to establish and maintain a therapeutic alliance. While some participants valued the in-person sessions, others reported that they preferred the online sessions because it removed a fear of social situations, which was a barrier for some participants. The mean change in self-reported weight was - 4·1 kg (SD: 3·2) at 12-weeks. CONCLUSIONS A mainstream weight management programme augmented with brief and targeted education and low-intensity check-ins generated sufficient engagement and acceptability to warrant a future trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lee
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK. .,Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK.
| | - Felicity Waite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 7JX, UK.,Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Carmen Piernas
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Paul Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.,Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
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28
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Martland R, Teasdale S, Murray RM, Gardner-Sood P, Smith S, Ismail K, Atakan Z, Greenwood K, Stubbs B, Gaughran F. Dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns in a sample with established psychosis and associations with mental health symptomatology. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1565-1575. [PMID: 34420532 PMCID: PMC10009388 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with psychosis experience cardiometabolic comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease and diabetes. These physical comorbidities have been linked to diet, inactivity and the effects of the illness itself, including disorganisation, impairments in global function and amotivation associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia or co-morbid depression. METHODS We aimed to describe the dietary intake, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour patterns of a sample of patients with established psychosis participating in the Improving Physical Health and Reducing Substance Use in Severe Mental Illness (IMPaCT) randomised controlled trial, and to explore the relationship between these lifestyle factors and mental health symptomatology. RESULTS A majority of participants had poor dietary quality, low in fruit and vegetables and high in discretionary foods. Only 29.3% completed ⩾150 min of moderate and/or vigorous activity per week and 72.2% spent ⩾6 h per day sitting. Cross-sectional associations between negative symptoms, global function, and PA and sedentary behaviour were observed. Additionally, those with more negative symptoms receiving IMPaCT therapy had fewer positive changes in PA from baseline to 12-month follow-up than those with fewer negative symptoms at baseline. CONCLUSION These results highlight the need for the development of multidisciplinary lifestyle and exercise interventions to target eating habits, PA and sedentary behaviour, and the need for further research on how to adapt lifestyle interventions to baseline mental status. Negative symptoms in particular may reduce patient's responses to lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Martland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Scott Teasdale
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales Sydney, High St, Kensington 2033, Australia
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Poonam Gardner-Sood
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shubulade Smith
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zerrin Atakan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kathryn Greenwood
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust and School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
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29
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Kim M, Lee Y, Kang H. Effects of Exercise on Positive Symptoms, Negative Symptoms, and Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3719. [PMID: 36834415 PMCID: PMC9967614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of exercise on positive and negative symptoms and depression in patients with schizophrenia through a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from their inception to 31 October 2022. We also conducted a manual search using Google Scholar. This meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. To identify the cause of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, meta-ANOVA, and meta-regression analyses were performed as moderator analyses. Fifteen studies were included. The meta-analysis (random-effects model) for overall exercise showed a medium significant effect (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.72 to -0.31) on negative symptoms, a small significant effect (SMD = -0.24, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.04) on positive symptoms, and a nonsignificant effect (SMD = -0.87, 95% CI: -1.84 to 0.10) on depression. Our findings demonstrate that exercise can relieve the negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the quality of some included studies was low, limiting our results for clear recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyunju Kang
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Republic of Korea
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30
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Szortyka MF, Cristiano VB, Belmonte-de-Abreu P. Aerobic and Postural Strength Exercise Benefits in People with Schizophrenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3421. [PMID: 36834130 PMCID: PMC9958543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two different types of physical intervention on sedentary behavior and clinical changes in people with schizophrenia. METHOD This is a clinical trial including people with schizophrenia in regular outpatient care who realized a 3-month exercise protocol and were separated into two groups: aerobic physical intervention (API) and postural physical intervention (PPI). All participants performed an assessment of (a) functional capacity through a 6 min walk test (6MWT), (b) flexibility using Well's bench, (c) disease severity using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), (d) quality of life using the SF-36 Questionnaire and (e) physical activity using the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ). RESULTS Thirty-eight patients with schizophrenia completed the intervention (24 patients in API and 14 patients in PPI). Regarding sedentary behavior, there was an improvement in the API group in the time exercising and in the PPI group concerning time in bed, time walking and exercising. Regarding quality of life, there was an improvement in the API group (functional capacity) and in the PPI group, there was an improvement in physical limitation, pain and emotional limitations. In the API group, there was an improvement in BMI (body mass index), diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure. Functional capacity was improved only in the PPI group. There was no change in flexibility and disease severity. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated a change response in the physical and mental aspects in people with schizophrenia after a change in sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fonseca Szortyka
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Batista Cristiano
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Belmonte-de-Abreu
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Schizophrenia Program of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
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Tracking changes in physical activity during inpatient treatment in a psychiatric clinic in Germany by asking two simple questions. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023:10.1007/s00406-023-01565-2. [PMID: 36773081 PMCID: PMC9918842 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing physical activity is essential to improve psychiatric patients' physical and mental health. This study aimed to characterise the physical activity levels of inpatients in a general psychiatric clinic and to determine the feasibility of using a simple tool in everyday practice to assess physical activity levels in standard patient documentation. We assessed the level of physical activity undertaken by patients treated on an inpatient basis in a psychiatric hospital over 20 months. A total of 328 patients were included in the analysis. Physical activity was measured using a slightly altered version of the Exercise as a vital sign (EVS) questionnaire. All information was extracted from letters of discharge. During inpatient treatment, moderate to vigorous activity levels increased, and more patients engaged in physical activity. Patients with mood or anxiety disorders displayed the most considerable increase in physical activity. Patients with other diagnoses, such as schizophrenia, benefitted less or not at all. Factors associated with physical activity included-among others-history of substance use, education and month of admission. Investigating the feasibility of standardised documentation of physical activity showed fluctuation in documentation rates throughout the study. The level of physical activity performed by psychiatric patients can be increased during inpatient treatment. Implementing physical activity level as part of standard patient documentation is a first step in gathering data to assess the need for interventions to achieve an optimal physical activity in psychiatric patients throughout inpatient treatment.
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Psychotic-like experiences are associated with physical disorders in general population: A cross-sectional study from the NESARC II. J Psychosom Res 2023; 165:111128. [PMID: 36608509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) constitute subthreshold symptoms of psychotic disorders, and belong to five distinct dimensions: Positive, Negative, Depressive, Mania and Disorganization. PLEs are associated with various psychiatric disorders. However, few studies examined their association with physical disorders. OBJECTIVE Our aims were (1) to assess the associations between various physical disorders and PLEs in a U.S. representative sample, and (2) to examine these associations according to the five dimensions of PLEs. METHOD We used data from the wave II (2004-2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-II), a large national sample representative of the US population (N = 34,653). Participants were assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule 4. Twenty-two PLEs were examined. Lifetime prevalence and adjusted Odds-Ratio (aOR) reflecting the association of sixteen physical disorders (including notably metabolic conditions and heart diseases) with PLEs were calculated. RESULTS All studied physical disorders were associated with the presence of PLEs. Particularly the presence of any physical condition, any heart disease and diabetes were more frequent in participants with at least one PLE compared with the group without any PLE (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.62-1.87, aOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.33-1.55 and aOR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.24-1.54, respectively). Almost all physical disorders were associated with the five dimensions of PLEs. CONCLUSIONS PLEs were associated with a large range of physical disorders, with a gradual dose effect. To assess PLEs in the general population could help with the screening of subjects with physical disorders.
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Irawati K, Indarwati F, Haris F, Lu JY, Shih YH. Religious Practices and Spiritual Well-Being of Schizophrenia: Muslim Perspective. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:739-748. [PMID: 36936366 PMCID: PMC10019082 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s402582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore religious activities and its functions on the spiritual wellbeing of Muslim patients with schizophrenia. Patients and Methods Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in six schizophrenia inpatients and two female nurses. Document analysis of the standard operating procedure related to patients' spiritual needs fulfilment and patients' medical records were also undertaken in order to triangulate data and to get insights about patient spiritual and religious activity. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Results Five themes and 12 sub themes were revealed from the study data. The five themes elicited from the study namely frequency, timing, barriers to perform religious activities, impact on health status and negative effects if not performing the religious activities. Religious activities such as salat and dhikr for schizophrenia inpatients are still performed five times a day and when they are not getting period. Feeling upset, restless, happy, grateful, and when they are missing their family was the common reason why patients perform the religious activities. The main barriers to performing salat and dhikr for example: insufficient prayer tools and Al-Qur'an, as well as patients' physical conditions. Religious activities such as salat and dhikr positively impact patients' physical and mental health status, mindfulness, and concentration. Negative impacts physical and emotional are released when patients did not perform salat and dhikr. Conclusion The findings show that salat and dhikr which perform on time and regularly have a positive impact on the physical and mental health of schizophrenia inpatients. The author might recommend the mental health hospital provide adequate worship or prayer equipment (gown and Al-Qur`an) for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellyana Irawati
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ferika Indarwati
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fahni Haris
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jing-Yi Lu
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yin-Hwa Shih; Jing-Yi Lu, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China, Tel +886-4-23323456 #20040; +886-4-23323456 #1894, Fax +886-4-23316699, Email ;
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34
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Pieters LE, Deenik J, de Vet S, Delespaul P, van Harten PN. Combining actigraphy and experience sampling to assess physical activity and sleep in patients with psychosis: A feasibility study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1107812. [PMID: 36911128 PMCID: PMC9996223 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1107812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders and reduced physical activity are common in patients with psychosis and can be related to health-related outcomes such as symptomatology and functioning. Mobile health technologies and wearable sensor methods enable continuous and simultaneous monitoring of physical activity, sleep, and symptoms in one's day-to-day environment. Only a few studies have applied simultaneous assessment of these parameters. Therefore, we aimed to examine the feasibility of the simultaneous monitoring of physical activity, sleep, and symptoms and functioning in psychosis. METHODS Thirty three outpatients diagnosed with a schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder used an actigraphy watch and experience sampling method (ESM) smartphone app for 7 consecutive days to monitor physical activity, sleep, symptoms, and functioning. Participants wore the actigraphy watch during day and night and completed multiple short questionnaires (eight daily, one morning, and one evening) on their phone. Hereafter they completed evaluation questionnaires. RESULTS Of the 33 patients (25 male), 32 (97.0%) used the ESM and actigraphy during the instructed timeframe. ESM response was good: 64.0% for the daily, 90.6% for morning, and 82.6% for evening questionnaire(s). Participants were positive about the use of actigraphy and ESM. CONCLUSION The combination of wrist-worn actigraphy and smartphone-based ESM is feasible and acceptable in outpatients with psychosis. These novel methods can help both clinical practice and future research to gain more valid insight into physical activity and sleep as biobehavioral markers linked to psychopathological symptoms and functioning in psychosis. This can be used to investigate relationships between these outcomes and thereby improve individualized treatment and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia E Pieters
- Psychiatric Center GGz Central, Research Department, Amersfoort, Netherlands.,Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Deenik
- Psychiatric Center GGz Central, Research Department, Amersfoort, Netherlands.,Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sabine de Vet
- Psychiatric Center GGz Central, Research Department, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Delespaul
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Mondriaan Mental Health Center, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Peter N van Harten
- Psychiatric Center GGz Central, Research Department, Amersfoort, Netherlands.,Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Oliva V, Fanelli G, Zamparini M, Zarbo C, Rocchetti M, Casiraghi L, Starace F, Martinelli A, Serretti A, de Girolamo G. Patterns of antipsychotic prescription and accelerometer-based physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a multicenter, prospective study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 38:28-39. [PMID: 36165505 PMCID: PMC9722380 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) is usually not recommended, though it is very common in clinical practice. Both APP and SSDs have been linked to worse health outcomes and decreased levels of physical activity, which in turn is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality. This real-world, observational study aimed to investigate antipsychotic prescribing patterns and physical activity in residential patients and outpatients with SSDs. A total of 620 patients and 114 healthy controls were recruited in 37 centers across Italy. Each participant underwent a comprehensive sociodemographic and clinical evaluation. Physical activity was monitored for seven consecutive days through accelerometer-based biosensors. High rates of APP were found in all patients, with residential patients receiving more APP than outpatients, probably because of greater psychopathological severity. Physical activity was lower in patients compared to controls. However, patients on APP showed trends of reduced sedentariness and higher levels of light physical activity than those in monopharmacy. Rehabilitation efforts in psychiatric residential treatment facilities were likely to result in improved physical activity performances in residential patients. Our findings may have important public health implications, as they indicate the importance of reducing APP and encouraging physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Oliva
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Manuel Zamparini
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | - Cristina Zarbo
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | - Matteo Rocchetti
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, ASST of Pavia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - Letizia Casiraghi
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, ASST of Pavia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - Fabrizio Starace
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, AUSL of Modena, Modena
| | - Alessandra Martinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Girolamo
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | - the DiAPASon Consortium
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, ASST of Pavia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia
- Department of Mental Health and Dependence, AUSL of Modena, Modena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
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O’Donnell M, Teasdale SB, Chua XY, Hardman J, Wu N, Curtis J, Samaras K, Bolton P, Morris MJ, Shannon Weickert C, Purves-Tyson T, El-Assaad F, Jiang XT, Hold GL, El-Omar E. The Role of the Microbiome in the Metabolic Health of People with Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses: Cross-Sectional and Pre-Post Lifestyle Intervention Analyses. Pathogens 2022; 11:1279. [PMID: 36365032 PMCID: PMC9695516 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has been implicated in the development of metabolic conditions which occur at high rates in people with schizophrenia and related psychoses. This exploratory proof-of-concept study aimed to: (i) characterize the gut microbiota in antipsychotic naïve or quasi-naïve people with first-episode psychosis, and people with established schizophrenia receiving clozapine therapy; (ii) test for microbiome changes following a lifestyle intervention which included diet and exercise education and physical activity. Participants were recruited from the Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, Sydney, Australia. Anthropometric, lifestyle and gut microbiota data were collected at baseline and following a 12-week lifestyle intervention. Stool samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing to analyse microbiota diversity and composition. Seventeen people with established schizophrenia and five people with first-episode psychosis were recruited and matched with 22 age-sex, BMI and ethnicity matched controls from a concurrent study for baseline comparisons. There was no difference in α-diversity between groups at baseline, but microbial composition differed by 21 taxa between the established schizophrenia group and controls. In people with established illness pre-post comparison of α-diversity showed significant increases after the 12-week lifestyle intervention. This pilot study adds to the current literature that detail compositional differences in the gut microbiota of people with schizophrenia compared to those without mental illness and suggests that lifestyle interventions may increase gut microbial diversity in patients with established illness. These results show that microbiome studies are feasible in patients with established schizophrenia and larger studies are warranted to validate microbial signatures and understand the relevance of lifestyle change in the development of metabolic conditions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne O’Donnell
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
- Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick 2031, Australia
| | - Scott B. Teasdale
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
- Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Sydney 2033, Australia
| | - Xin-Yi Chua
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
| | - Jamie Hardman
- Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick 2031, Australia
| | - Nan Wu
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sutherland Hospital, Caringbah 2229, Australia
| | - Jackie Curtis
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
- Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick 2031, Australia
- Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Sydney 2033, Australia
| | - Katherine Samaras
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Victoria St, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
- Clinical Obesity, Nutrition and Adipose Biology Lab, 384 Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Victoria St, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Patrick Bolton
- Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick 2031, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
| | - Margaret J. Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
| | - Cyndi Shannon Weickert
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney 2033, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Tertia Purves-Tyson
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2033, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney 2033, Australia
| | - Fatima El-Assaad
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
| | - Xiao-Tao Jiang
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
| | - Georgina L. Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
| | - Emad El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Kogarah 2217, Australia
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Cabassa LJ, Stefancic A, Chen JH, Park M, Tuda D, Hawes MR, Guo S. Impact of Moderating Demographic Variables on a Health Intervention for People with Serious Mental Illness. RESEARCH ON SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE 2022; 32:952-962. [PMID: 38741792 PMCID: PMC11090479 DOI: 10.1177/10497315221102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Healthy lifestyle interventions can improve the health of people with serious mental illness (SMI). Little is known whether demographic variables moderate the effectiveness of these interventions on health outcomes. Method Data from an effectiveness trial of a peer-led healthy lifestyle intervention (PGLB) for people with SMI examine whether age, racial/ethnic minoritized status, and gender moderated the effectiveness of PGLB compared to usual care (UC) in achieving clinically significant improvements in weight, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. Results Compared to UC, PGLB was most beneficial for participants age 49 and younger for achieving clinically significant weight loss and from racial/ethnic minoritized communities for achieving clinically significant weight loss and reductions in CVD risk. Conclusions These findings suggest the impact of healthy lifestyle interventions for people with SMI may not be uniform and adaptations may be needed to make these interventions responsive to the needs of diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun-Hong Chen
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Michael Park
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Daniela Tuda
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Mark R. Hawes
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Shenyang Guo
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis
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Yu Q, Wong KK, Lei OK, Nie J, Shi Q, Zou L, Kong Z. Comparative Effectiveness of Multiple Exercise Interventions in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:135. [PMID: 36308622 PMCID: PMC9617247 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of exercise interventions in the treatment of mental health disorders is well known, but research is lacking on the most efficient exercise type for specific mental health disorders. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to compare and rank the effectiveness of various exercise types in the treatment of mental health disorders. METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL databases, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials as well as Google Scholar were searched up to December 2021. We performed pairwise and network meta-analyses as well as meta-regression analyses for mental health disorders in general and each type of mental health disorder, with alterations in symptom severity as the primary outcome. RESULTS A total of 6456 participants from 117 randomized controlled trials were surveyed. The multimodal exercise (71%) had the highest probability of being the most efficient exercise for relieving depressive symptoms. While resistance exercise (60%) was more likely to be the most effective treatment for anxiety disorder, patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) benefited more from mind-body exercise (52%). Furthermore, resistance exercise (31%) and multimodal exercise (37%) had more beneficial effects in the treatment of the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, respectively. The length of intervention and exercise frequency independently moderated the effects of mind-body exercise on depressive (coefficient = 0.14, p = .03) and negative schizophrenia (coefficient = 0.96, p = .04) symptoms. CONCLUSION Multimodal exercise ranked best for treating depressive and negative schizophrenic symptoms, while resistance exercise seemed to be more beneficial for those with anxiety-related and positive schizophrenic symptoms. Mind-body exercise was recommended as the most promising exercise type in the treatment of PTSD. However, the findings should be treated with caution due to potential risk of bias in at least one dimension of assessment and low-to-moderate certainty of evidence. Trial Registration This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42022310237).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ka-Kit Wong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - On-Kei Lei
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jinlei Nie
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, China
| | - Qingde Shi
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, China
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Carswell C, Coventry PA, Brown JVE, Alderson SL, Double K, Gilbody S, Holt RIG, Jacobs R, Lister JE, Osborn DPJ, Shiers D, Najma S, Taylor J, Kellar I. A theory and evidence-based co-design approach to develop a supported self-management intervention for people with severe mental illness and type 2 diabetes (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 25:e43597. [PMID: 37171868 DOI: 10.2196/43597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is 2 to 3 times more common among people with severe mental illness (SMI). Self-management is crucial, with additional challenges faced by people with SMI. Therefore, it is essential that any diabetes self-management program for people with SMI addresses the unique needs of people living with both conditions and the inequalities they experience within health care services. OBJECTIVE We combined theory, empirical evidence, and co-design approaches to develop a type 2 diabetes self-management intervention for people with SMI. METHODS The development process encompassed 4 steps: step 1 involved prioritizing the mechanisms of action (MoAs) and behavior change techniques (BCTs) for the intervention. Using findings from primary qualitative research and systematic reviews, we selected candidate MoAs to target in the intervention and candidate BCTs to use. Expert stakeholders then ranked these MoAs and BCTs using a 2-phase survey. The average scores were used to generate a prioritized list of MoAs and BCTs. During step 2, we presented the survey results to an expert consensus workshop to seek expert agreement with the definitive list of MoAs and BCTs for the intervention and identify potential modes of delivery. Step 3 involved the development of trigger films using the evidence from steps 1 and 2. We used animations to present the experiences of people with SMI managing diabetes. These films were used in step 4, where we used a stakeholder co-design approach. This involved a series of structured workshops, where the co-design activities were informed by theory and evidence. RESULTS Upon the completion of the 4-step process, we developed the DIAMONDS (diabetes and mental illness, improving outcomes and self-management) intervention. It is a tailored self-management intervention based on the synthesis of the outputs from the co-design process. The intervention incorporates a digital app, a paper-based workbook, and one-to-one coaching designed to meet the needs of people with SMI and coexisting type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The intervention development work was underpinned by the MoA theoretical framework and incorporated systematic reviews, primary qualitative research, expert stakeholder surveys, and evidence generated during co-design workshops. The intervention will now be tested for feasibility before undergoing a definitive evaluation in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.
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Sormunen E, Saarinen MM, Salokangas RKR, Hutri-Kähönen N, Viikari J, Raitakari OT, Hietala J. Metabolic trajectories in childhood and adolescence: Effects on risk for schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 8:82. [PMID: 36220836 PMCID: PMC9553975 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism is common in antipsychotic-naive first-episode patients with schizophrenia, but it is unclear whether these changes can already be seen in premorbid or prodromal period, before the first psychotic episode. We examined insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride trajectories in children and adolescents (9-18 years old), who were later diagnosed with schizophrenia, any non-affective psychosis (NAP) or affective disorder (AD). The study population consisted of a general population-based cohort "The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study", started in 1980 (n = 3596). Psychiatric diagnoses were derived from the Health Care Register up to the year 2018. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated no significant differences in insulin or lipid levels in children and adolescents who later developed schizophrenia (n = 41) compared to the cohort control group (n = 3202). In addition, no changes in these parameters were seen in the NAP (n = 74) or AD (n = 156) groups compared to the controls, but lower triglyceride levels in childhood/adolescence associated with earlier diagnosis of psychotic disorder in the NAP group. Taken together, our results do not support any gross-level insulin or lipid changes during childhood and adolescence in individuals with later diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Since changes in glucose and lipid metabolism can be observed in neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia, we hypothesize that the more marked metabolic changes develop during the prodrome closer to the onset of the first psychotic episode. The findings have relevance for studies on developmental hypotheses of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Sormunen
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Maiju M. Saarinen
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raimo K. R. Salokangas
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Tampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XDepartment of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland ,grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Hietala
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Taylor Cunningham A, Carson Weinstein L, Stefancic A, Silverio A, Cabassa LJ. The association between food insecurity and physical activity in adults with serious mental illness living in supportive housing. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102008. [PMID: 36237836 PMCID: PMC9551141 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of food insecurity are high among adults with serious mental illness (SMI); this population also engages in less physical activity than the general population. However, the relationship between food insecurity and physical activity in this group has not been explored. We examined food insecurity prevalence and its association with physical activity in 314 adults with SMI living in supportive housing in New York City and Philadelphia and enrolled in an institutional review board-approved randomized controlled trial of a Peer Group Lifestyle Balance (PGLB) program. We analyzed 2014 baseline survey data, including demographic data and self-reported food security, and four self-reported physical activity outcomes: any physical activity per week (yes/no) and 2) total, 3) moderate, or 4) vigorous physical activity minutes per week. A logistic regression model examined food security as a predictor of any physical activity; zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were used for the other three physical activity outcomes; demographic and clinical predictors were assessed for inclusion in models. Over half of participants (51.7%) reported low or very low levels of food security. Relationships between food insecurity and three physical activity measures (any physical activity, total weekly minutes, and moderate weekly minutes) were non-significant; those with lower food security were more likely to engage in vigorous physical activity. The high food insecurity prevalence highlights the importance of measuring and addressing food security in populations experiencing SMI; measuring physical activity is also important for tailored lifestyle recommendations. Future studies should examine longitudinal changes in food security and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Taylor Cunningham
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 401, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Lara Carson Weinstein
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 401, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ana Stefancic
- Columbia University Department of Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Dr., Rm 3506, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Alexis Silverio
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 401, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Leopoldo J. Cabassa
- Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis, Goldfarb Hall, Room 358, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Suen YN, Lo LHL, Lee EHM, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, Chang WC, Chen EYH. Motivational coaching augmentation of exercise intervention for early psychotic disorders: A randomised controlled trial. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:1277-1286. [PMID: 34839753 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211061496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise offers improvement to physical and mental health symptoms as well and cognitive function in patients with psychosis. However, patients with psychosis are often less ready to benefit from exercise intervention because of the difficulties in motivation. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of adjunctive motivational coaching on exercise intervention in women with psychosis in Hong Kong. METHODS From a community mental health programme for women, patients with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (within 5 years of first onset) were randomly allocated to receive 12 30-minute sessions of motivational coaching or psychoeducation in a group format. Both groups additionally received exercise intervention sessions consisting of yoga, stretching and high-intensity interval training. Primary outcome was the total physical activity level measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients (mean [SD] age, 34.47 [12.44] years) were randomised into motivational coaching (n = 30) or psychoeducation (n = 27) treatment groups. The motivational coaching group had a significantly higher total physical activity level (4601.67 [686.59] vs 2524.82 [723.73] metabolic equivalent task-min/week, r2 = 0.473, p = 0.04) after the intervention and at 6 months post-intervention. Moderate and light physical activity levels were significantly higher in the motivational coaching group after intervention and at 6 months, respectively. Additionally, symptoms of bizarre behaviour were improved in the motivational coaching group at 6 months. Younger, unemployed, unmarried and those with longer durations of untreated psychosis generally showed larger improvements in the motivational coaching group. CONCLUSION Motivational coaching may augment the effects of exercise interventions, as reflected by higher physical activity participation. Motivational coaching augmentation has the potential to further improve exercise intervention outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Nam Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Edwin Ho-Ming Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Sherry Kit Wa Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric Yu Hai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Sunhary De Verville PL, Stubbs B, Etchecopar-Etchart D, Godin O, Andrieu-Haller C, Berna F, Aouizerate B, Capdevielle D, Chereau I, Clauss-Kobayashi J, Coulon N, Dorey JM, Dubertret C, Leignier S, Mallet J, Misdrahi D, Passerieux C, Pignon B, Rey R, Urbach M, Llorca PM, Schürhoff F, Lançon C, Boyer L, Fond G. Recommendations of the Schizophrenia Expert Center network for adequate physical activity in real-world schizophrenia (FACE-SZ). Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:1273-1282. [PMID: 35441901 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends adults complete 150-300 min per week of moderate physical activity or 75-150 min of vigorous physical activity or an equivalent combination of both, to optimize health. To explore the factors associated with adequate MVPA in stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia. 425 stabilized outpatients were recruited in the national FACE-SZ cohort between 2015 and 2018 were evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a 1-day long standardized battery. We explored in multivariate analyses the clinical and pharmacological factors associated with MVPA (model 1) and the biological factors and patient-reported outcomes (model 2). Overall, only 86 (20.2%) of the 425 participants achieved the recommended MVPA threshold. In model 1, the adequate MVPA group was associated with younger age, mood stabilizers prescription and adherence to treatment, independent of sex, positive and depressive symptoms, first-generation antipsychotics prescription, anxiolytic medication, and akathisia. In model 2, adequate MVPA was associated with better glycemic and lipidic profile and better physical and psychological well-being, self-esteem, sentimental life, and resilience independently of age, sex, and current psychotic severity. The expert centers recommend the importance of promoting promote effective MVPA programs for stabilized patients with schizophrenia. Interventions studies suggest that MVPA may be a useful strategy to maximize physical and psychological well-being and self-esteem and potentially to prevent or manage metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Sunhary De Verville
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Damien Etchecopar-Etchart
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Ophélia Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Creteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires "H. Mondor", DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Christelle Andrieu-Haller
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Berna
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale Et Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, 33076 Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Bordeaux, France.,INRA, NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, U1286, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Delphine Capdevielle
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Chereau
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Clermont Auvergne, CMP-B, CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Clauss-Kobayashi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Coulon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678, Bron Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Université de Paris, AP-HP, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, INSERM UMR 1266, Colombes, France
| | - Sylvain Leignier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - Jasmina Mallet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Université de Paris, AP-HP, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, INSERM UMR 1266, Colombes, France
| | - David Misdrahi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale Et Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, 33076 Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes et d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.,DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, 94807, Villejuif,, France
| | - Baptiste Pignon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Creteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires "H. Mondor", DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Romain Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678, Bron Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Urbach
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes et d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue de Versailles, 78157, Le Chesnay, France.,DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, 94807, Villejuif,, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Clermont Auvergne, CMP-B, CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Franck Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Creteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires "H. Mondor", DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Christophe Lançon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France. .,AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine-Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Association between Locomotive Syndrome and Physical Activity in Long-Term Inpatients of Psychiatric Care Wards in Japan: A Preliminary Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091741. [PMID: 36141353 PMCID: PMC9498677 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the status of locomotive syndrome (LS) and the level of physical activity (PA) in long-term inpatients in a psychiatric care ward and to investigate the association between the severity of LS and the level of PA. The study participants consisted of 25 patients aged 55 years or older who had been admitted to a psychiatric care ward for more than one year. The participants’ LS stage was determined and their level of PA was measured using an accelerometer. We also analyzed the correlations between the LS stage test results, level of PA, and values for each assessment item. The LS stage test showed that 84.0% of the participants were at stages 3. The participants’ mean step count was 3089.8 ± 2346.5 steps. The participants’ mean sedentary time was 349.7 ± 68.9 min, which is more than 70% of the total measuring time. Overall, the results indicate that LS stage was significantly correlated to age, ADL, and level of PA. Patients who stay in a psychiatric care ward experience declining motor functioning and lack PA. Deterioration of motor functioning is associated with lack of PA, suggesting the need for physical intervention.
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45
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Zheng SS, Zhang H, Zhang MH, Li X, Chang K, Yang FC. "Why I stay in community psychiatric rehabilitation": a semi-structured survey in persons with schizophrenia. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:213. [PMID: 36068639 PMCID: PMC9446651 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although community psychiatric rehabilitation plays an important role in returning persons with schizophrenia to the society, many patients in China stay in rehabilitation centers for longer periods of time and subsequently fail to integrate. This study is aimed to explore the underlying causes of this trend and identify possible solutions. METHODS This study used a qualitative descriptive design to examine the persons with schizophrenia who stay in rehabilitation centers for longer periods of time. The researchers conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with the patients recruited through purposeful sampling. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed in transcripts in Chinese. Thematic analysis was performed using Colaizzi's 7-step method. RESULTS Most patients believe that they have gained knowledge, improved skills, friendship and social circles through community mental rehabilitation, with the sense of belonging and enriched life strongly attracting them to the rehabilitation centers. They felt that the difficulty of further integration into society is mainly because of social prejudice and rejection. In addition, the activities of community mental rehabilitation meet the needs of social communication, which also hinder patients from further entering the society. CONCLUSIONS Persons with schizophrenia with long-term stay in community mental rehabilitation centers meet their friendship, sense of belonging and social needs by participating in rehabilitation activities. Providing special social opportunity for these patients can get them out of the rehabilitation center. Overall, it is possible for patients to gradually return to society in a collective form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Zheng
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.,Community Health Service Center in West District of China Agricultural University, Courtyard 2, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Man-Hua Zhang
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Kuo Chang
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Feng-Chi Yang
- School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Alonso Y, Miralles C, Algora MJ, Valiente-Pallejà A, Sánchez-Gistau V, Muntané G, Labad J, Vilella E, Martorell L. Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in individuals with recent-onset psychosis at disease onset and after 1-year follow-up. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11386. [PMID: 35794221 PMCID: PMC9259625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of parameters encompassing the most dangerous heart attack risk factors, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is highly prevalent in recent-onset psychosis (ROP) patients. In this pilot study, we evaluated MetS parameters (fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), fasting triglycerides, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), clinical symptoms, pharmacological treatment, lifestyle, and inflammatory markers in 69 patients with ROP and 61 healthy controls (HCs). At baseline, waist circumference (p = 0.005) and fasting triglycerides (p = 0.007) were higher in patients with ROP than in HCs. At the 1-year follow-up, patients showed clinical improvement, with a reduction in the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) score (p < 0.001), dietary intake (p = 0.001), and antipsychotic medication dose (p < 0.001); however, fasting glucose (p = 0.011), HDL-c (p = 0.013) and waist circumference worsened (p < 0.001). We identified sex, age, BMI, dietary intake, physical activity, daily tobacco use, daily cannabis use, and antipsychotic doses as risk factors contributing to baseline MetS parameters. After 1-year follow-up, those factors plus the PANSS and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) scores were associated with MetS parameters. Further studies are needed to understand the contributions of the studied risk factors in patients with ROP at onset and during disease progression.
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Kurebayashi Y, Mori K, Otaki J. Effects of mild-intensity physical exercise on neurocognition in inpatients with schizophrenia: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1037-1047. [PMID: 34170518 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To find suggestions for a future definitive randomized control trial and examine the effects of physical exercise on neurocognition in schizophrenia. DESIGN AND METHODS Patients hospitalized with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to exercise (n = 5) or control (n = 17) groups. The experimental group performed an exercise regimen for 8 weeks. Following intervention, demographics, psychiatric symptoms, and neurocognitive functions were examined. FINDINGS The patients in the control and exercise groups, 14 and 4, respectively, showed significant differences in hospitalization duration and negative symptoms. After controlling both, neurocognition improved in the exercise group compared with the control group. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Mild-intensity physical exercise improves global neurocognition in schizophrenic inpatients and could lead to earlier release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazumi Mori
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kyorin University, Mitaka city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Otaki
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kyorin University, Mitaka city, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Lee HL, Hwang EJ, Wu SL, Hsu WC. Appraising Psychiatric Care From a Different Angle: Occupational Therapy Activities and Cardiorespiratory Fitness for Inpatients With Chronic Mental Illness. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:23286. [PMID: 35671508 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.049126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE People with chronic mental illness (CMI) are at high risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness as a result of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity. Occupational therapy practitioners play a key role as advocates for positive lifestyle change for people with CMI. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationships between occupational therapy activities and cardiorespiratory fitness among inpatients with CMI. DESIGN This retrospective research included three phases: descriptive cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. SETTING Psychiatric inpatient facility. PARTICIPANTS Inpatients with CMI, ages 18 to 65 yr (N = 325). OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Data were collected over a 12-mo period. Each daily occupational therapy activity performed by participants was converted to energy expenditure (in kcal). Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by means of the 3-Minute Step Test. RESULTS After daily occupational therapy activities, significantly more participants increased cardiorespiratory fitness than declined (McNemar χ2 [1] = 29.18, p < .05). Prevocational activities and moderate- to high-intensity exercises met the optimal energy expenditure level (>352 kcal) necessary to achieve an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Occupational therapists in psychiatric inpatient settings should prescribe individualized occupation-based or physical activities that meet the optimal daily energy expenditure for each client to improve their cardiorespiratory function. What This Article Adds: This study is one of the first attempts to explore cardiorespiratory fitness outcomes after daily occupational therapy activities for people with CMI. Physical benefits unfolded throughout psychiatric care, echoing the profession's stance on holistic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Lee
- Hui-Ling Lee, MS, OT, is Director, Department of Occupational Therapy, Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Nantou County, Taiwan
| | - Eric J Hwang
- Eric J. Hwang, PhD, OTR/L, is Professor and Coordinator, Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health, Human Services and Nursing, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson;
| | - Shang-Liang Wu
- Shang-Liang Wu, DrPH, is Consultant, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Hsu
- Wan-Chi Hsu, OT, is Occupational Therapist, Department of Occupational Therapy, Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Nantou County, Taiwan
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49
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Coentre R, Levy P, Góis C, Figueira ML. Metabolic syndrome following a first episode of psychosis: results of a 1-year longitudinal study conducted in metropolitan Lisbon, Portugal. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221106703. [PMID: 35726606 PMCID: PMC9218473 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221106703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the prevalence and course of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the associated metabolic parameters during the year following a first episode pf psychosis (FEP). Methods We performed a 1-year longitudinal observation of 60 patients who experienced FEP. MetS was defined using the modified definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. We assessed the metabolic parameters and socio-demographic and psychopathological data for the participants. Results The mean age of the participants was 27.1 years, and 33.3% of them were women. There was an increase in the prevalence of MetS from 6.7% to 11.7% during the year following the baseline assessment during the year following the baseline assessment (p = 0.250). There were also significant increases in the prevalences of abnormal triglyceride concentration, waist circumference, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration during this period. In addition, there was a considerable worsening of the metabolic profile of the participants. No baseline parameters were identified to be predictors of MetS over the 1-year follow-up period. Conclusions We can conclude that metabolic abnormalities are common in patients with FEP and that these rapidly worsen during the first year following the diagnosis of FEP. Studies on interventions are needed to reduce metabolic risk to cardiovascular diseases following the FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Coentre
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Levy
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Góis
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
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50
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Hoang D, Xu Y, Lutz O, Bannai D, Zeng V, Bishop JR, Keshavan M, Lizano P. Inflammatory Subtypes in Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia are Associated with Altered Brain Morphology and Topological Organization. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:297-308. [PMID: 34875344 PMCID: PMC8767408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral inflammation is implicated in schizophrenia, however, not all individuals demonstrate inflammatory alterations. Recent studies identified inflammatory subtypes in chronic psychosis with high inflammation having worse cognitive performance and displaying neuroanatomical enlargement compared to low inflammation subtypes. It is unclear if inflammatory subtypes exist earlier in the disease course, thus, we aim to identify inflammatory subtypes in antipsychotic naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia (FES). METHODS 12 peripheral inflammatory markers, clinical, cognitive, and neuroanatomical measures were collected from a naturalistic study of antipsychotic-naïve FES patients. A combination of unsupervised principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering was used to categorize inflammatory subtypes from their cytokine data (17 FES High, 30 FES Low, and 33 healthy controls (HCs)). Linear regression analysis was used to assess subtype differences. Neuroanatomical correlations with clinical and cognitive measures were performed using partial Spearman correlations. Graph theoretical analyses were performed to assess global and local network properties across inflammatory subtypes. RESULTS The FES High group made up 36% of the FES group and demonstrated significantly greater levels of IL1β, IL6, IL8, and TNFα compared to FES Low, and higher levels of IL1β and IL8 compared to HCs. FES High had greater right parahippocampal, caudal anterior cingulate, and bank superior sulcus thicknesses compared to FES Low. Compared to HCs, FES Low showed smaller bilateral amygdala volumes and widespread cortical thickness. FES High and FES Low groups demonstrated less efficient topological organization compared to HCs. Individual cytokines and/or inflammatory signatures were positively associated with cognition and symptom measures. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory subtypes are present in antipsychotic-naïve FES and are associated with inflammation-mediated cortical expansion. These findings support our previous findings in chronic psychosis and point towards a connection between inflammation and blood-brain barrier disruption. Thus, identifying inflammatory subtypes may provide a novel therapeutic avenue for biomarker-guided treatment involving anti-inflammatory medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Hoang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanxun Xu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olivia Lutz
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepthi Bannai
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo Lizano
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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