1
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Yang K, Hasegawa Y, Bhattarai JP, Hua J, Dower M, Etyemez S, Prasad N, Duvall L, Paez A, Smith A, Wang Y, Zhang YF, Lane AP, Ishizuka K, Kamath V, Ma M, Kamiya A, Sawa A. Inflammation-related pathology in the olfactory epithelium: its impact on the olfactory system in psychotic disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1453-1464. [PMID: 38321120 PMCID: PMC11189720 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Smell deficits and neurobiological changes in the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory epithelium (OE) have been observed in schizophrenia and related disorders. The OE is the most peripheral olfactory system located outside the cranium, and is connected with the brain via direct neuronal projections to the OB. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether and how a disturbance of the OE affects the OB in schizophrenia and related disorders. Addressing this gap would be the first step in studying the impact of OE pathology in the disease pathophysiology in the brain. In this cross-species study, we observed that chronic, local OE inflammation with a set of upregulated genes in an inducible olfactory inflammation (IOI) mouse model led to a volume reduction, layer structure changes, and alterations of neuron functionality in the OB. Furthermore, IOI model also displayed behavioral deficits relevant to negative symptoms (avolition) in parallel to smell deficits. In first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, we observed a significant alteration in immune/inflammation-related molecular signatures in olfactory neuronal cells (ONCs) enriched from biopsied OE and a significant reduction in the OB volume, compared with those of healthy controls (HC). The increased expression of immune/inflammation-related molecules in ONCs was significantly correlated to the OB volume reduction in FEP patients, but no correlation was found in HCs. Moreover, the increased expression of human orthologues of the IOI genes in ONCs was significantly correlated with the OB volume reduction in FEP, but not in HCs. Together, our study implies a potential mechanism of the OE-OB pathology in patients with psychotic disorders (schizophrenia and related disorders). We hope that this mechanism may have a cross-disease implication, including COVID-19-elicited mental conditions that include smell deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janardhan P Bhattarai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jun Hua
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Milan Dower
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Semra Etyemez
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neal Prasad
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Duvall
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Paez
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yingqi Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Lane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vidyulata Kamath
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Minghong Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Mónica FR, Gerardo Bernabé RR, Rodrigo GZ, Melissa SB, Lorena RB. Relationship between inflammatory markers in human olfactory neural progenitor cells and antidepressant response. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:277-285. [PMID: 38330627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Response to antidepressants is related to hippocampal neurogenesis integrity, a process mediated by neurotrophins, such as Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). In turn, pro-inflammatory state appears to reduce neurogenesis, and has been associated with refractory depressive states. We propose to analyze the human neural progenitor cells derived from the olfactory epithelium (HNPCs-OE) as an indicator of neurogenesis in humans. Therefore, we compared the number and content of HNPCs-OE in depressed patients taking antidepressants, according to response to treatment. Twenty depressed patients were followed during eight weeks after antidepressant treatment was prescribed. At the end evaluation they were divided in two groups according to Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) scores: responders and non-responders. We compared the number and components of HNPCs-OE between groups and observed an elevation of interleukine-8 in those patients who do not achieve response to treatment, BDNF levels were no related to antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flores-Ramos Mónica
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ramírez-Rodríguez Gerardo Bernabé
- Laboratorio de Neurogénesis, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, 14370, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guiza Zayas Rodrigo
- Médico residente, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Solares-Bravo Melissa
- Prácticas profesionales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rodríguez-Bores Lorena
- Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin No. 498, Insurgentes Mixcoac, Benito Juárez, 03920, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
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3
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Yang K, Hasegawa Y, Bhattarai JP, Hua J, Dower M, Etyemez S, Prasad N, Duvall L, Paez A, Smith A, Wang Y, Zhang YF, Lane AP, Ishizuka K, Kamath V, Ma M, Kamiya A, Sawa A. Inflammation-related pathology in the olfactory epithelium: its impact on the olfactory system in psychotic disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2022.09.23.509224. [PMID: 36203543 PMCID: PMC9536041 DOI: 10.1101/2022.09.23.509224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Smell deficits and neurobiological changes in the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory epithelium (OE) have been observed in schizophrenia and related disorders. The OE is the most peripheral olfactory system located outside the cranium, and is connected with the brain via direct neuronal projections to the OB. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether and how a disturbance of the OE affects the OB in schizophrenia and related disorders. Addressing this gap would be the first step in studying the impact of OE pathology in the disease pathophysiology in the brain. In this cross-species study, we observed that chronic, local OE inflammation with a set of upregulated genes in an inducible olfactory inflammation (IOI) mouse model led to a volume reduction, layer structure changes, and alterations of neuron functionality in the OB. Furthermore, IOI model also displayed behavioral deficits relevant to negative symptoms (avolition) in parallel to smell deficits. In first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, we observed a significant alteration in immune/inflammation-related molecular signatures in olfactory neuronal cells (ONCs) enriched from biopsied OE and a significant reduction in the OB volume, compared with those of healthy controls (HC). The increased expression of immune/inflammation-related molecules in ONCs was significantly correlated to the OB volume reduction in FEP patients, but no correlation was found in HCs. Moreover, the increased expression of human orthologues of the IOI genes in ONCs was significantly correlated with the OB volume reduction in FEP, but not in HCs. Together, our study implies a potential mechanism of the OE-OB pathology in patients with psychotic disorders (schizophrenia and related disorders). We hope that this mechanism may have a cross-disease implication, including COVID-19-elicited mental conditions that include smell deficits.
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4
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Yang K, Ayala-Grosso C, Bhattarai JP, Sheriff A, Takahashi T, Cristino AS, Zelano C, Ma M. Unraveling the Link between Olfactory Deficits and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7501-7510. [PMID: 37940584 PMCID: PMC10634556 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1380-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Smell loss has caught public attention during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Research on olfactory function in health and disease gains new momentum. Smell deficits have long been recognized as an early clinical sign associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we review research on the associations between olfactory deficits and neuropathological conditions, focusing on recent progress in four areas: (1) human clinical studies of the correlations between smell deficits and neuropsychiatric disorders; (2) development of olfactory mucosa-derived tissue and cell models for studying the molecular pathologic mechanisms; (3) recent findings in brain imaging studies of structural and functional connectivity changes in olfactory pathways in neuropsychiatric disorders; and (4) application of preclinical animal models to validate and extend the findings from human subjects. Together, these studies have provided strong evidence of the link between the olfactory system and neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting the relevance of deepening our understanding of the role of the olfactory system in pathophysiological processes. Following the lead of studies reviewed here, future research in this field may open the door to the early detection of neuropsychiatric disorders, personalized treatment approaches, and potential therapeutic interventions through nasal administration techniques, such as nasal brush or nasal spray.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Carlos Ayala-Grosso
- Unit of Cellular Therapy, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, 1020-A, Venezuela
- Unit of Advanced Therapies, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud, Bogotá, Colombia 111-611
| | - Janardhan P Bhattarai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Andrew Sheriff
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Alexandre S Cristino
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Christina Zelano
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Minghong Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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5
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Yang K, Evgrafov OV. Editorial: Olfactory neuroepithelium-derived cellular models to study neurological and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1203466. [PMID: 37250419 PMCID: PMC10213714 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1203466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Oleg V. Evgrafov
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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6
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Mihaljevic M, Lam M, Ayala-Grosso C, Davis-Batt F, Schretlen DJ, Ishizuka K, Yang K, Sawa A. Olfactory neuronal cells as a promising tool to realize the "druggable genome" approach for drug discovery in neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1081124. [PMID: 36967982 PMCID: PMC10038100 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
"Druggable genome" is a novel concept that emphasizes the importance of using the information of genome-wide genetic studies for drug discovery and development. Successful precedents of "druggable genome" have recently emerged for some disorders by combining genomic and gene expression profiles with medical and pharmacological knowledge. One of the key premises for the success is the good access to disease-relevant tissues from "living" patients in which we may observe molecular expression changes in association with symptomatic alteration. Thus, given brain biopsies are ethically and practically difficult, the application of the "druggable genome" approach is challenging for neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, to fill this gap, we propose the use of olfactory neuronal cells (ONCs) biopsied and established via nasal biopsy from living subjects. By using candidate genes that were proposed in a study in which genetic information, postmortem brain expression profiles, and pharmacological knowledge were considered for cognition in the general population, we addressed the utility of ONCs in the "druggable genome" approach by using the clinical and cell resources of an established psychosis cohort in our group. Through this pilot effort, we underscored the chloride voltage-gated channel 2 (CLCN2) gene as a possible druggable candidate for early-stage psychosis. The CLCN2 gene expression was associated with verbal memory, but not with other dimensions in cognition, nor psychiatric manifestations (positive and negative symptoms). The association between this candidate molecule and verbal memory was also confirmed at the protein level. By using ONCs from living subjects, we now provide more specific information regarding molecular expression and clinical phenotypes. The use of ONCs also provides the opportunity of validating the relationship not only at the RNA level but also protein level, leading to the potential of functional assays in the future. Taken together, we now provide evidence that supports the utility of ONCs as a tool for the "druggable genome" approach in translational psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mihaljevic
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Max Lam
- IMH Neuropsychiatric Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Population and Global Health, LKC Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Neurogenomic Biomarkers Laboratory, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Carlos Ayala-Grosso
- Unit of Cellular Therapy, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Finn Davis-Batt
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David J. Schretlen
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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7
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Marin C, Alobid I, Fuentes M, López-Chacón M, Mullol J. Olfactory Dysfunction in Mental Illness. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:153-164. [PMID: 36696016 PMCID: PMC9875195 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Olfactory dysfunction contributes to the psychopathology of mental illness. In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory alterations in several mental illnesses. We also highlight the role, hitherto underestimated, that the olfactory pathways play in the regulation of higher brain functions and its involvement in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, as well as the effect of inflammation on neurogenesis as a possible mechanism involved in olfactory dysfunction in psychiatric conditions. RECENT FINDINGS The olfactory deficits present in anxiety, depression, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder consist of specific alterations of different components of the sense of smell, mainly the identification of odours, as well as the qualifications of their hedonic valence (pleasant or unpleasant). Epidemiological findings have shown that both environmental factors, such as air pollutants, and inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract, can contribute to an increased risk of mental illness, at least in part, due to peripheral inflammatory mechanisms of the olfactory system. In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory function alterations in several psychiatric conditions and its role as a useful symptom for the differential diagnosis. We also highlight the effect of inflammation on neurogenesis as a possible mechanism involved in olfactory dysfunction in these psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireya Fuentes
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauricio López-Chacón
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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8
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Etyemez S, Narita Z, Mihaljevic M, Coughlin JM, Nestadt G, Nucifora FC, Sedlak TW, Cascella NG, Batt FD, Hua J, Faria A, Ishizuka K, Kamath V, Yang K, Sawa A. Brain regions associated with olfactory dysfunction in first episode psychosis patients. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:178-186. [PMID: 35678361 PMCID: PMC10503825 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2082526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Olfactory dysfunction is reproducibly reported in psychotic disorders, particularly in association with negative symptoms. The superior frontal gyrus (SFG) has been frequently studied in patients with psychotic disorders, in particular with their associations with negative symptoms. The relationship between olfactory functions and brain structure has been studied in healthy controls (HCs). Nevertheless, the studies with patients with psychotic disorders are limited. Here we report the olfactory-brain relationship in a first episode psychosis (FEP) cohort through both hypothesis-driven (centred on the SFG) and data-driven approaches. METHODS Using data from 88 HCs and 76 FEP patients, we evaluated the correlation between olfactory functions and structural/resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. RESULTS We found a significant correlation between the left SFG volume and odour discrimination in FEP patients, but not in HCs. We also observed a significant correlation between rs-fMRI connectivity involving the left SFG and odour discrimination in FEP patients, but not in HCs. The data-driven approach didn't observe any significant correlations, possibly due to insufficient statistical power. CONCLUSION The left SFG may be a promising brain region in the context of olfactory dysfunction and negative symptoms in FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Etyemez
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zui Narita
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marina Mihaljevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer M. Coughlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Frederick C. Nucifora
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas W. Sedlak
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicola G. Cascella
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Finn-Davis Batt
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jun Hua
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andreia Faria
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vidyulata Kamath
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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9
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Olfactory impairment in psychiatric disorders: Does nasal inflammation impact disease psychophysiology? Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:314. [PMID: 35927242 PMCID: PMC9352903 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory impairments contribute to the psychopathology of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and depression. Recent neuroscience research has shed light on the previously underappreciated olfactory neural circuits involved in regulation of higher brain functions. Although environmental factors such as air pollutants and respiratory viral infections are known to contribute to the risk for psychiatric disorders, the role of nasal inflammation in neurobehavioral outcomes and disease pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we will first provide an overview of published findings on the impact of nasal inflammation in the olfactory system. We will then summarize clinical studies on olfactory impairments in schizophrenia and depression, followed by preclinical evidence on the neurobehavioral outcomes produced by olfactory dysfunction. Lastly, we will discuss the potential impact of nasal inflammation on brain development and function, as well as how we can address the role of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Considering the current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which often causes nasal inflammation and serious adverse effects for olfactory function that might result in long-lasting neuropsychiatric sequelae, this line of research is particularly critical to understanding of the potential significance of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
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10
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Jaaro-Peled H, Landek-Salgado MA, Cascella NG, Nucifora FC, Coughlin JM, Nestadt G, Sedlak TW, Lavoie J, De Silva S, Lee S, Tajinda K, Hiyama H, Ishizuka K, Yang K, Sawa A. Sex-specific involvement of the Notch-JAG pathway in social recognition. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:99. [PMID: 35273151 PMCID: PMC8913639 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the hypothesis that olfactory neural epithelium gene expression profiles may be useful to look for disease-relevant neuronal signatures, we examined microarray gene expression in olfactory neuronal cells and underscored Notch-JAG pathway molecules in association with schizophrenia (SZ). The microarray profiling study underscored JAG1 as the most promising candidate. Combined with further validation with real-time PCR, downregulation of NOTCH1 was statistically significant. Accordingly, we reverse-translated the significant finding from a surrogate tissue for neurons, and studied the behavioral profile of Notch1+/- mice. We found a specific impairment in social novelty recognition, whereas other behaviors, such as sociability, novel object recognition and olfaction of social odors, were normal. This social novelty recognition deficit was male-specific and was rescued by rapamycin treatment. Based on the results from the animal model, we next tested whether patients with psychosis might have male-specific alterations in social cognition in association with the expression of NOTCH1 or JAG1. In our first episode psychosis cohort, we observed a specific correlation between the expression of JAG1 and a face processing measure only in male patients. The expression of JAG1 was not correlated with any other cognitive and symptomatic scales in all subjects. Together, although we acknowledge the pioneering and exploratory nature, the present work that combines both human and animal studies in a reciprocal manner suggests a novel role for the Notch-JAG pathway in a behavioral dimension(s) related to social cognition in psychotic disorders in a male-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Jaaro-Peled
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Melissa A. Landek-Salgado
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Nicola G. Cascella
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Frederick C. Nucifora
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Jennifer M. Coughlin
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Thomas W. Sedlak
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Joelle Lavoie
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Sarah De Silva
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Somin Lee
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Katsunori Tajinda
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Hideki Hiyama
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Kun Yang
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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