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Tisarum R, Rika R, Pipatsitee P, Sotesaritkul T, Samphumphuang T, Cha-um K, Cha-um S. Iron (Fe) toxicity, uptake, translocation, and physio-morphological responses in Catharanthus roseus. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1289-1299. [PMID: 38024951 PMCID: PMC10678865 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) toxicity in plant species depends on the availability of Fe in the soil, uptake ability by the root system, and translocation rate to other parts of the plant. The aim of this study was to assess Fe uptake by root tissues of Catharanthus roseus, translocation rate to leaf tissues, and the impairment of plant physio-morphological characteristics. Fe uptake by the roots (~ 700 µg g-1 DW) of C. roseus was observed during the early exposure period (1 week), and translocation factor from root to shoot was fluctuated as an independent strategy. A high level of Fe content in the root tissues significantly inhibited root length and root dry weight. Under acidic pH condition, an enrichment of Fe in the shoots (~ 400 µg g-1 DW) led to increase in leaf temperature (> 2.5 °C compared to control) and crop stress index (> 0.6), resulting in stomatal closure, subsequently decreasing CO2 assimilation rate and H2O transpiration rate. An increment of CSI in Fe-stressed plants was negatively related to stomatal conductance, indicating stomatal closure with an increase in Fe in the leaf tissues. High Fe levels in the leaf tissues directly induced toxic symptoms including leaf bronzing, leaf spotting, leaf necrosis, leaf chlorosis, and leaf senescence in C. roseus plants. In summary, C. roseus was identified as a good candidate plant for Fe phytoextraction, depending on Fe bioaccumulation, therefore 50 mM Fe treatment was designated as an excess Fe to cause the growth inhibition, especially in the prolonged Fe incubation periods. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01379-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Khlong Nuang, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Rika Rika
- Indonesia International Institute for Life Science, Jl. Pulomas Barat Kav. 88, Jakarta Timur, 13210 Indonesia
| | - Piyanan Pipatsitee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Khlong Nuang, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Khlong Nuang, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Thapanee Samphumphuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Khlong Nuang, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Kwankhao Cha-um
- Science Classrooms in University-Affiliated School Project (SCIUS), Thamasart University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Suriyan Cha-um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Khlong Nuang, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani Thailand
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Wang S, Wang L, Zhang M, Li W, Xie Z, Huang W. Blue Light Enhances Cadmium Tolerance of the Aquatic Macrophyte Potamogeton crispus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2667. [PMID: 37514281 PMCID: PMC10383238 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic and widely distributed in aquatic systems due to its high solubility and mobility in water, which can severely inhibit the survival of aquatic macrophytes. The phytotoxicity of Cd depends on environmental factors; however, it remains unclear whether and how light quality affects its toxicity on aquatic macrophytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cd on aquatic macrophytes Potamogeton crispus under different light qualities (white, blue, and red light). We evaluated morphological and photo-physiological traits, as well as the cellular antioxidant defense system. Our findings indicate that P. crispus under Cd stress showed notable damage in leaf morphology, decreased photosynthetic efficiency, inhibited HCO3- uptake, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as oxidative damage indicated by MDA accumulation and superoxide (O2-) overproduction. However, compared with white or red light under Cd stress, blue light reduced structural damage and oxidative stress caused by Cd while increasing pigment synthesis and photosynthetic efficiency, as well as increasing ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. In conclusion, the changes induced by blue light in P. crispus's photosynthesis and antioxidant system strengthen its tolerance to Cd. Further research on signal transmission in relation to light quality in Cd-exposed aquatic plants is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanwei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Rios CO, Siqueira-Silva AI, Pereira EG. Revegetation of mining-impacted sites with a tropical native grass: Constraints of climate seasonality and trace-element accumulation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116655. [PMID: 36368206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The iron ore mining activity results in considerable waste production and impacts on surrounding ecosystems. Natural recovery of impacted areas is absent or occurs slowly, especially when associated with prolonged dry seasons in tropical regions. The objective of this work was to unveil the mechanisms of Paspalum densum (Poir.) grass to overcome the periods of seasonal drought and its metal accumulation in areas impacted by iron mining, a tailings storage facilities and surrounding ferruginous grassland in Brazil. Lower mortality was observed among individuals in the tailings storage facilities, with a 74.3% survival rate. In contrast, after the beginning of the dry season, all individuals died in the ferruginous grassland. The plants in the tailings deposits showed better nutrition, with a higher concentration of P, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn and greater capacity to accumulate Pb and Cd over time. Pb was the element with highest bioconcetration factor (BCF) and bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC), while Mn was the one with the highest translocation factor (TF). The dry season resulted in reduced chlorophyll a, b and total and effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) of P. densum individuals. However, the plants in the tailings storage facilities showed adjustments to overcome the effects of drought, with an increase in the concentration of proline in leaves and reduction of oxidative damage (MDA and H2O2) at the end of the dry season. The grass P. densum showed rapid acclimatization in the tailings storage facilities and resistance to drought through antioxidant and photosynthetic adjustments and was still able to bioaccumulate and translocate in plant tissues some metals present in the iron ore impacted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Oliveira Rios
- Gradute Program in Management and Conservation of Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Campus Florestal, 35690-000, Florestal, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Gusmão Pereira
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Campus Florestal, 35690-000, Florestal, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Chen S, Yu H, Teng X, Dong M, Li W. Composition and size of retained aerosol particles on urban plants: Insights into related factors and potential impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158656. [PMID: 36096224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of plants in alleviating aerosol pollution has drawn extensive attention. Most studies focus on compositions of aerosol particles on urban plants, while the leaf traits related to particle retention have not yet been intensively studied. This study selected five typical urban plants (Loropetalum chinense, Rhododendron simsii, Euonymus japonicus, Photinia × fraseri, Osmanthus fragrans), and employed scanning electron microscope (SEM) and ion chromatography, aiming to investigate the accumulation features of aerosol particles and the relationships between leaf traits and particle retention. Results show that aerosol particles were mainly retained on the adaxial leaf surface, the fine particles (Φ ≤ 2.5 μm) were the predominant components (77.8 % by number) on the leaves, and the dominant water-soluble ions of particles were Ca2+, SO42-, and NO3-. By comparison, E. japonicus and P. fraseri were efficient in the retention of fine and coarse particles (2.5 <Φ ≤ 10 μm), but L. chinense was capable to retain more large particles (Φ > 10 μm). The correlation analysis indicates that leaf traits are closely related to the accumulation of aerosol particles. The result shows that plant leaves with larger stomatal area, lower stomatal density, smaller specific leaf area and higher in epicuticular wax content can retain more aerosol particles. This result indicates that the leaves are capable of retaining aerosol particles via the synergy of multiple leaf traits, such as higher wax content and the fewer but larger stomata on their leaf surfaces. This study is helpful to understand the interactions between leaf traits and particle retention, and it further contributes to the selection of potential dust-retaining plants, which is of great significance for the alleviation of urban air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Xiaomi Teng
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Weijun Li
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Prakash J, Agrawal SB, Agrawal M. Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 2022; 23:398-419. [PMID: 36415481 PMCID: PMC9672585 DOI: 10.1007/s42729-022-01051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to its deleterious and large-scale effects on the ecosystem and long-range transboundary nature, acid rain has attracted the attention of scientists and policymakers. Acid rain (AR) is a prominent environmental issue that has emerged in the last hundred years. AR refers to any form of precipitation leading to a reduction in pH to less than 5.6. The prime reasons for AR formation encompass the occurrence of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), and organic acids in air produced by natural as well as anthropogenic activities. India, the top SO2 emitter, also shows a continuous increase in NO2 level responsible for AR formation. The plants being immobile unavoidably get exposed to AR which impacts the natural surrounding negatively. Plants get affected directly by AR due to reductions in growth, productivity, and yield by damaging photosynthetic mechanisms and reproductive organs or indirectly by affecting underground components such as soil and root system. Genes that play important role in plant defense under abiotic stress gets also modulated in response to acid rain. AR induces soil acidification, and disturbs the balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, litter properties, and microbial and enzymatic activities. This article overviews the factors contributing to AR, and outlines the past and present trends of rainwater pH across the world, and its effects on plants and soil systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigyasa Prakash
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
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Patel K, Chaurasia M, Rao KS. Urban dust pollution tolerance indices of selected plant species for development of urban greenery in Delhi. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:16. [PMID: 36273063 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rise in urbanization has led to an increase in dust pollution which is hazardous to the health of living beings. The role of roadside plant species in intercepting particulate matter and improving air quality is well reported. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the ability of various plant species to intercept atmospheric dust and withstand the abiotic stress triggered by dust deposition. In the present investigation, three sites (viz., control, commercial, and industrial) differing in anthropogenic activities and vegetation were selected. Sixteen plant species entailing both trees and shrubs that are commonly occurring at all three sites were selected to estimate their dust interception capacity (DIC). The impact of dust pollution on foliage biochemistry and their tolerance in winter and summer seasons were analyzed. Based on biochemical, biological, and socio-economic parameters, air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) were evaluated. Both dust load and DIC were found to be two times higher in winter than in the summer season. Terminalia arjuna, Ficus benghalensis, and Plumeria alba were the best dust accumulators, while Prosopis juliflora accumulated least. The highest DIC was observed at the industrial site, for Terminalia arjuna (0.025 mg/cm2/d) in winter and Plumeria alba (0.023 mg/cm2/d) in the summer season. Photosynthetic pigments showed a negative correlation with dust load, while pH, ascorbic acid, electrolytic leakage (E.L.), and proline content showed a positive correlation. In the present study, APTI and API values were highest for Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalensis, Alstonia scholaris, Dalbergia sissoo, and Terminalia arjuna. Such plant species with wide canopy, large and rough leaf surface area with perforated veins are found to be more suitable and, hence, recommended for the development of greenery to improve air quality in urban areas like Delhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Patel
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.
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Andrade GC, Santana BVN, Rinaldi MCS, Ferreira SO, Silva RCD, Silva LCD. Leaf surface traits related to differential particle adsorption - A case study of two tropical legumes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153681. [PMID: 35134410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to test a set of epidermal traits in two legume species with contrasting chemical, physical, and micromorphological leaf-surface features to assess which ones would determine higher PM retention. For that, we performed a biomonitoring study in southeastern Brazil at the Steel Valley Metropolitan Region, where there is predominance of steel industry and one of the largest vehicle fleets in the country. A reference station was installed at a neighboring park. We evaluated leaf-surface roughness at two hierarchical levels, leaf wettability, epidermal-cell anticlinal-wall undulation, epidermal-cell perimeter, and the micromorphology and chemical composition of epicuticular waxes. Particle retention was significantly higher in Paubrasilia echinata than in Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya, the former of which has lower roughness given by both the epidermal tissue (macro-roughness; 0.6 vs 2.6 μm) and epicuticular waxes (micro-roughness; 68 vs 220 nm), higher leaf wettability (82° vs 143°), lower epidermal-cell undulation index (1.2 vs 1.8), lower epidermal-cell perimeter (93 vs 146 μm), wax deposition in the form of a smooth layer (as opposed to densely aggregated rosettes of vertical platelets), and more polar wax chemical constitution (68% vs 47% of polar compounds). While all of the assessed traits contributed to particle retention, canonical loadings revealed that macro-roughness was the trait that contributed the most to the retention of PM2.5 (ca = 1.47; r = -0.56), PM10 (ca = 1.08; r = -0.61), PM100 (ca = -4.95; r = -0.39) and TSP (ca = 0.98; r = -0.62), although this trait was shown by factor analysis to be secondary in distinguishing between species (0.92 contribution to the second axis). Our findings shed new light on the criteria that should be considered when selecting species for green infrastructure aiming to reduce urban air pollution, as well as on novel possibilities for PM biomonitoring in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Carvalho Andrade
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Brenda Vila Nova Santana
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Mirian Cilene Spasiani Rinaldi
- Research Center for Ecology, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Av. Miguel Stéfano, 3687, Água Funda, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045-972 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sukarno Olavo Ferreira
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Renê Chagas da Silva
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luzimar Campos da Silva
- Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Guo A, Zuo X, Hu Y, Yue P, Li X, Lv P, Zhao S. Two Dominant Herbaceous Species Have Different Plastic Responses to N Addition in a Desert Steppe. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:801427. [PMID: 35557730 PMCID: PMC9087737 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.801427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition rates are increasing in the temperate steppe due to human activities. Understanding the plastic responses of plant dominant species to increased N deposition through the lens of multiple traits is crucial for species selection in the process of vegetation restoration. Here, we measured leaf morphological, physiological, and anatomical traits of two dominant species (Stipa glareosa and Peganum harmala) after 3-year N addition (0, 1, 3, and 6 g N m-2 year-1, designated N0, N1, N3, and N6, respectively) in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia. We separately calculated the phenotypic plasticity index (PI) of each trait under different N treatments and the mean phenotypic plasticity index (MPI) of per species. The results showed that N addition increased the leaf N content (LNC) in both species. N6 increased the contents of soluble protein and proline, and decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the peroxidase (POD) activities of S. glareosa, while increased POD and catalase (CAT) activities of P. harmala. N6 increased the palisade tissue thickness (PT), leaf thickness (LT), and palisade-spongy tissue ratio (PT/ST) and decreased the spongy tissue-leaf thickness ratio (ST/LT) of S. glareosa. Furthermore, we found higher physiological plasticity but lower morphological and anatomical plasticity in both species, with greater anatomical plasticity and MPI in S. glareosa than P. harmala. Overall, multi-traits comparison reveals that two dominant desert-steppe species differ in their plastic responses to N addition. The higher plasticity of S. glareosa provides some insight into why S. glareosa has a broad distribution in a desert steppe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Guo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Zuo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Hu
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
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Cruz FVDS, Gomes MP, Bicalho EM, Garcia QS. Fertilization assures mineral nutrition but does not overcome the effects of Fe accumulation in plants grown in iron ore tailings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18047-18062. [PMID: 34686954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rupture of Fundão dam was the biggest environmental disaster of the worlds' mining industry, dumping tons of iron ore tailings into the environment. Studies have shown that the Fundão dam's tailings are poor in nutrients and have high Fe and Mn concentration. In this context, our objective was to evaluate the growth performance of two native tree species (Bowdichia virgilioides and Dictyoloma vandellianum) in two treatments: fertilized soil and fertilized tailings. We hypothesize that the high concentrations of iron and manganese in the tailings can impair the growth performance of plants by interfering with the absorption of nutrients made available through fertilization. Soil and tailings samples were collected in the municipality of Barra Longa (MG, Brazil), and then fertilized with mixed mineral fertilizer ("Osmocote Plus 15-9-12" at 7.5 g L-1). The experiment was conducted for 75 days in a greenhouse using 180 cm3 tubes. We evaluate chlorophyll content, maximal PSII quantum yield, root length, shoot length, root:shoot ratio, leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio, dry mass, macro- and micronutrients concentration in the tissues, and metal translocation factor. Although assuring the adequate levels of the main nutrients to plant growth (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), the fertilization did not reverse the negative effect of tailing on these species. The high concentration of Fe in the tissues associated with less biomass production, lower plant height, smaller leaf area, bigger specific leaf area, and reduced chlorophyll content indicates a probable phytotoxic effect of iron present in the tailings for D. vandellianum. Our results base further field evaluations and longer experiments, which will facilitate the understanding of the performance of tree species submitted to tailings with fertilization. So far, this study suggests that B. virgilioides are more tolerant to excess Fe from the tailings of Fundão dam than D. vandellianum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Vieira da Silva Cruz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, Postal Code 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Caixa Postal 19031, Postal Code 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisa Monteze Bicalho
- Laboratório de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento de Plantas, Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Postal Code 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Queila Souza Garcia
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, Postal Code 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Particulate Matter (PM) Adsorption and Leaf Characteristics of Ornamental Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars and Two Common Indoor Plants (Hedera helix L. and Epipremnum aureum Lindl. & Andre). HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a serious threat to human health, climate, and ecosystems. Furthermore, owing to the combined influence of indoor and outdoor particles, indoor PM can pose a greater threat than urban PM. Plants can help to reduce PM pollution by acting as biofilters. Plants with different leaf characteristics have varying capacities to capture PM. However, the PM mitigation effects of plants and their primary factors are unclear. In this study, we investigated the PM adsorption and leaf characteristics of five ornamental sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) cultivars and two common indoor plants (Hedera helix L. and Epipremnum aureum Lindl. & Andre) exposed to approximately 300 μg m−3 of fly ash particles to assess the factors influencing PM adsorption on leaves and to understand the effects of PM pollution on the leaf characteristics of plants. We analyzed the correlation between PM adsorption and photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Tr), leaf area (LA), leaf width/length ratio (W/L), stomatal density (SD), and stomatal pore size (SP). A Pearson’s correlation analysis and a principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the effects of different leaf characteristics on PM adsorption. The analysis indicated that leaf gas exchange factors, such as Pn and Tr, and morphological factors, such as W/L and LA, were the primary parameters influencing PM adsorption in all cultivars and species tested. Pn, Tr, and W/L showed a positive correlation with PM accumulation, whereas LA was negatively correlated.
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11
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Differential effects of acid rain on photosynthetic performance and pigment composition of the critically endangered Acer amplum subsp. catalpifolium. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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12
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Zhang Y, Yu T, Ma W, Dayananda B, Iwasaki K, Li J. Morphological, Physiological and Photophysiological Responses of Critically Endangered Acer catalpifolium to Acid Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091958. [PMID: 34579490 PMCID: PMC8470873 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acid rain deposition (AR) has long-lasting implications for the community stability and biodiversity conservation in southwest China. Acer catalpifolium is a critically endangered species in the rain zone of Western China where AR occurs frequently. To understand the effects of AR on the morphology and physiology of A. catalpifolium, we conducted an acid stress simulation experiment for 1.5 years. The morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic responses of A. catalpifolium to the acidity, composition, and deposition pattern of acid stress was observed. The results showed that simulated acid stress can promote the growth of A. catalpifolium via the soil application mode. The growth improvement of A. catalpifolium under nitric-balanced acid rain via the soil application mode was greater than that of sulfuric-dominated acid rain via the soil application mode. On the contrary, the growth of A. catalpifolium was significantly inhibited by acid stress and the inhibition increased with the acidity of acid stress applied via leaf spraying. The inhibitory impacts of nitric-balanced acid rain via the leaf spraying of A. catalpifolium were greater than that of sulfur-dominant acid rain via leaf spraying. The observations presented in this work can be utilized for considering potential population restoration plans for A. catalpifolium, as well as the forests in southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- The National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology on Characteristic Fruit Trees, College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alear 843300, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Tao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Wenbao Ma
- Ecological Restoration and Conservation of Forests and Wetlands Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Buddhi Dayananda
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Kenji Iwasaki
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Junqing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (J.L.)
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13
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Hu H, Hua W, Shen A, Zhou H, Sheng L, Lou W, Zhang G. Photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence of barley exposed to simulated acid rain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42776-42786. [PMID: 33822300 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain is considered one of the most serious plant abiotic stresses. Photosynthesis is the basis of crop growth and development. The effect of acid rain on barley photosynthesis remains unclear. A glasshouse experiment was conducted, and the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence, and pigment content of barley were measured in simulated acid rain (SAR) under pH 6.5, 5.5, 4.5, and 3.5. The results showed that net photosynthetic rate, maximal photosynthetic rate, and light saturation point decreased and the light compensation point, and dark respiration rate increased with increasing acidity. The results suggested that photosynthesis in barley plants was inhibited by SAR stress. The Chl content and stomatal conductance declined in parallel with the reduced net photosynthetic rate when barley plants were under SAR stress conditions. This indicated that non-stomatal factors may contribute to reduced photosynthesis under acid rain stress. Acid rain had greater effects on the photosynthesis of the acid rain-sensitive plant Zhepi 33 than on non-sensitive Kunlun 12. A significant difference in parameters such as the maximal fluorescence, variable fluorescence, and active PSII reaction centers was found among the SAR treatments and may be used to evaluate the sensitivity of plants to acid rain stress. The visualization model showed that the photosynthetic reaction centers were inactivated in acid rain stressed barley plants. These findings are valuable for the evaluation of the plant sensitivity to acid rain stress and may be used for the detection and monitoring of acid rain effects on plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Alin Shen
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongkui Zhou
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidong Lou
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary, Hangzhou, 310020, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Zhang Z, Teng Z, Wang N, Zhang M, Sun G, Hu Y, Zhang X. Responses of photosynthesis and antioxidants to simulated acid rain in mulberry seedlings. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:188-200. [PMID: 33368302 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain, which has negative impacts on the vegetation of ecological systems, is widespread in Northern and Southern China. However, relatively little is known about the effects of acid rain on the growth and yield of economically important tree species in China. To address this issue, we studied the responses of mulberry seedlings to simulated acid rain (SAR) at different pH values. At pH 4.5, SAR induced increased antioxidant activities, total antioxidant capacity, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (OFR) relative to controls. However, the growth of the seedlings under SAR treatments at pH 4.5 and pH 5.6 was greater than controls. No significant differences in photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence quenching parameters were observed between the SAR treatments at pH 4.5 and pH 5.6 and controls. However, the SAR treatment at pH 3.5 resulted in altered leaf surface characteristics and changes to chloroplast ultrastructure, together with an increase in membrane electrical conductivity and an accumulation of OFR and malondialdehyde. In contrast, leaf antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased, together with electron transport parameters and photosynthesis. Taken together, these results show that the effects of acid rain on the growth and leaf physiology of mulberry seedling are dependent on pH. Moreover, mulberry seedlings had a high tolerance to acid rain at pH 4.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyuan Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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15
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Cruz CES, de Freitas-Silva L, Ribeiro C, da Silva LC. Physiological and morphoanatomical effects of glyphosate in Eugenia uniflora, a Brazilian plant species native to the Atlantic Forest biome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21334-21346. [PMID: 33411283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide glyphosate can cause severe ecotoxicological effects on non-target organisms. Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) is very important for in situ environmental biomonitoring due to its wide distribution in the Atlantic Forest biome. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the response of E. uniflora leaves to glyphosate. Eight-month-old plants were exposed to an aerial application of the herbicide at concentrations of 0, 144, 432, 864, and 1440 g a. e. ha-1 (grams of acid equivalent per hectare). Evaluations were performed on the 12th day after the glyphosate application (DAA). An accumulation of shikimic acid in the leaves of E. uniflora was observed. Glyphosate altered the photosynthetic parameters of the treated plants, with a drastic decrease in the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and pigment content. There was an increase in Ci/Ca, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte extravasation levels. Glyphosate also promoted ultrastructural, anatomical and visible damage to the E. uniflora leaves. Our findings indicate that glyphosate is phytotoxic to the native species E. uniflora at the tested doses. The presence of visible damage suggests that E. uniflora has remarkable potential as a bioindicator of glyphosate in the environment, making it a possible species for future biomonitoring projects.
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Li L, Mu G. Similar effects as shade tolerance induced by dust accumulation and size penetration of particulates on cotton leaves. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:149. [PMID: 33757432 PMCID: PMC7986255 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02926-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dust accumulation covers the leaf's surface and influences foliar physiological activity. Two independent experiments were carried out to instigate the foliar responses to dust accumulation and the penetration limitation of small dust particles (< 1 μm) on the foliar surface, respectively. In experiment I, three dust accumulation intensities were achieved by a dust spraying treatment. Photosynthesis CO2 exchange and fast chlorophyll fluorescence transient were measured, as well as chlorophyll contents and leaf thickness. In experiment II, the penetration limits of small particulates on the leaf surface were examined by feeding nano-fluorescent microspheres. RESULTS Dust accumulation alleviated the photoinhibition of Photosystem II and decreased photosynthesis, as represented by net photosynthetic rates (PN) and stomatal conductance to water vapor (gs). Photosynthetic response curves between net photosynthetic rate (PN) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) showed that heavy dust accumulation (34.98 ± 2.6 mg cm- 2) increased the light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) and decreased photosynthesis rates under saturating light (PNmax). Leaves became thin due to the lack of a palisade layer while chlorophyll content increased under dust accumulation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images showed that the larger particles (1 μm) distributed in the regions below the stomata and the smaller ones (0.1 μm) were detected in the wider areas below stomata. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that dust accumulation induced similar effects as shade tolerance in cotton leaves but did not trigger more photochemical acclimation to low light. Dust particles (< 1 μm) penetrated leaf surface through stomata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- Xinjiang Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300 China
| | - Guijin Mu
- Xinjiang Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
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17
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Rios CO, Siqueira-Silva AI, Pereira EG. How does drought affect native grasses' photosynthesis on the revegetation of iron ore tailings? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14797-14811. [PMID: 33219507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The revegetation of areas degraded by iron ore mining is a difficult challenge mainly due to water availability and impoverished metal-rich substrates. We sought to understand the photosynthetic responses to drought of native tropical grasses Paspalum densum (Poir.) and Setaria parviflora (Poir.) grown in iron ore tailing. The grass P. densum presented better photosynthetic adjustments when grown in the iron ore tailing and S. paviflora in response to water stress. Both species accumulated iron above the phytotoxic threshold when grown in an iron ore tailing. The net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency decreased followed by a reduction in leaf relative water content in response to water stress for both species. The photochemical efficiency of photosystem II only decreased at the point of maximum drought. At this point, the water-stressed grass grown in the iron ore tailing presented higher H2O2 concentrations, particularly S. parviflora. After rehydration, full recovery of photosynthetic variables was achieved with decreased malondialdehyde concentrations, increased catalase activity, and, consequently, decreased H2O2 concentrations in leaves for both species. The fast recovery of the native grasses P. densum and S. parviflora to drought in the iron ore tailing substrate is indicative of their resistance and potential use in the revegetation of impoverished mined areas with high iron content and seasonal water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Oliveira Rios
- Graduate Program in Management and Conservation of Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Florestal, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Gusmão Pereira
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Florestal, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Singh S, Pandey B, Roy LB, Shekhar S, Singh RK. Tree responses to foliar dust deposition and gradient of air pollution around opencast coal mines of Jharia coalfield, India: gas exchange, antioxidative potential and tolerance level. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:8637-8651. [PMID: 33067782 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution by opencast mining activities affects tree species around the mining area. The present study evaluated the responses of five native tree species to air pollution in Jharia coalfield. Sites were selected as closest to farthest from the mining area. Foliar dust deposition and foliar sulphate content affected stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbic acid and, thus, increased the susceptibility of sensitive species. Ficus benghalensis and Butea monosperma showed maximum dust deposition, while Adina cordifolia showed minimum deposition. Maximum dust deposition in Ficus benghalensis lowered stomatal conductance and, thus, checked the flux of other acidic gaseous pollutants which led to minimum variation in leaf extract pH. Higher stomatal conductance in Adina cordifolia and Aegle marmelos, on the other hand, facilitated the entry of acidic pollutants and disrupted many biological functions by altering photosynthesis and inducing membrane damage. Low variations in Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalensis and Butea monosperma with sites and seasons suggest better physiological and morphological adaptations towards pollution load near coal mining areas. Tree species with better adaptation resisted variation in leaf extract pH by effectively metabolising sulphate and, thus, had higher chlorophyll content and relative water content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India.
| | - Bhanu Pandey
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India
| | - Lal Babu Roy
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India
| | - Sameer Shekhar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India
| | - Ranjeet Kumar Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India
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Lins L, Silva-Pinheiro JD, Correia R, Endres L, Malhado ACM, Moura Filho G, Moura FDBP, Justino GC. Environmental factors driving plant trait distributions in coastal zones of Atlantic Forest. RODRIGUÉSIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202172136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Environmental filtering has been defined as the effect of environmental gradients on species in a plant community and can be the dominant driver of community assembly. Here, we evaluate the relationship between plant communities and the environment in the Restinga vegetation. For this, we measured 11 functional traits of plant species present along transects covering a marked edaphic environmental gradient. This gradient was characterized through Principal Component Analysis of soil characteristics. The relationships between the edaphic gradient and functional traits were evaluated using linear models. Finally, we compared the contributions of species turnover and intraspecific variation to among-site variation in functional traits. The gradients associated with soil nutrients (PCA axis 1) and soil acidity and organic matter (PCA axis 2) were then used to test the observed changes in community composition and were significant predictors of the distribution of water potential, leaf dry matter content and K content, height and chlorophyll index. Decomposing the total variation in the distribution of functional traits between species turnover and intraspecific variation revealed that species turnover explains a greater proportion of the observed variation. We conclude that community assembly is strongly limited by environmental filters and mediated by functional traits at the species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lays Lins
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brasil
| | | | - Ricardo Correia
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brasil; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Finland
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Leite MCM, Araujo MA, Souza LA, Martins AR, Camargos LS. Ecophysiological response of Astronium fraxinifolium (Anacardiaceae) in degraded and non-degraded brazilian Cerrado. RODRIGUÉSIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202172066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Plants native from Cerrado generally have peculiar characteristics that allow tolerating water and nutritional stress. Astronium fraxinifolium is a Anacardiaceae tree of from Brazilian Cerrado. The aim of this research was to characterize A. fraxinifolium leaves morphophysiologically, in order to recognize characteristics related to acclimatization of the species in different soil conditions. Two populations of A. fraxinifolium were sampled in different study areas, A1 (Degraded Soil) and A2 (“Undegraded Soil”). Nitrogen compounds, total carbohydrates, chlorophyll, nutritional content, stomatal density and gas exchanges were quantified, comparing the areas. A high number of stomata was observed on the abaxial surface of A. fraxinifolium leaves, with a higher density occurring in A1 individuals. The values of chlorophyll and boron content were significantly higher in A2 plants. It’s possible that the lowest concentration of boron in A1 plants is related to chlorophyll production. Regardinf the other analysis, there weren’t significant differences between the areas. The results show that this species undergoes changes in production of chlorophyll, but liquid photosynthesis isn’t impaired, considering the low chlorophyll content in A1 being compensated by the higher stomatal density. Thus, these changes may be the result of acclimating this species to different environmental conditions to which it’s exposed.
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Qaswar M, Dongchu L, Jing H, Tianfu H, Ahmed W, Abbas M, Lu Z, Jiangxue D, Khan ZH, Ullah S, Huimin Z, Boren W. Interaction of liming and long-term fertilization increased crop yield and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) through mediating exchangeable cations in acidic soil under wheat-maize cropping system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19828. [PMID: 33188239 PMCID: PMC7666156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76892-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of the main problems of acidic soil that limit the crop growth. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the response of crop yield and PUE to the long-term application of fertilizers and quicklime (CaO) in the acidic soil under wheat–maize rotation system. Treatments included, CK (no fertilization), NP (inorganic nitrogen and P fertilization), NPK (inorganic N, P and potassium fertilization), NPKS (NPK + straw return), NPCa (NP + lime), NPKCa (NPK + lime) and NPKSCa (NPKS + lime). Results showed that, fertilizer without lime treatments, significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased soil pH and crop yield, compared to the fertilizer with lime treatments during the period of 2012–2018. Average among years, compared to the CK treatment, wheat grain yield increased by 138%, 213%, 198%, 547%, 688% and 626%, respectively and maize yield increased by 687%, 1887%, 1651%, 2605%, 5047% and 5077%, respectively, under the NP, NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Lime application significantly increased soil exchangeable base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and decreased Al3+ cation. Compared to the NP treatment, phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) increased by 220%, 212%, 409%, 807% and 795%, respectively, under the NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Soil pH showed significant negative relationship with exchangeable Al3+ and soil total N. While, soil pH showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive relationship with exchangeable Ca2+, PUE and annual crop yield. PUE was highly negatively correlated with soil exchangeable Al3+. In addition, soil exchangeable Ca2+, pH, exchangeable Al3+ and available N were the most influencing factors of crop yield. Therefore, we concluded that lime application is an effective strategy to mitigate soil acidification and to increase PUE through increasing exchangeable base cations and reducing the acidic cations for high crop yield in acidic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qaswar
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Dongchu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,National Observation Station of Qiyang Agri-Ecology System, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang, 426182, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Jing
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,National Observation Station of Qiyang Agri-Ecology System, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang, 426182, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Tianfu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Jiangxue
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zulqarnain Haider Khan
- Ministry of Agriculture of China, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Sami Ullah
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Huimin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wang Boren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,National Observation Station of Qiyang Agri-Ecology System, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang, 426182, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Study on Spectral Response and Estimation of Grassland Plants Dust Retention Based on Hyperspectral Data. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12122019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate monitoring of plant dust retention can provide a basis for dust pollution control and environmental protection. The aims of this study were to analyze the spectral response features of grassland plants to mining dust and to predict the spatial distribution of dust retention using hyperspectral data. The dust retention content was determined by an electronic analytical balance and a leaf area meter. The leaf reflectance spectrum was measured by a handheld hyperspectral camera, and the airborne hyperspectral data were obtained using an imaging spectrometer. We analyzed the difference between the leaf spectral before and after dust removal. The sensitive spectra of dust retention on the leaf- and the canopy-scale were determined through two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS). The competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm was applied to select the feature bands of canopy dust retention. The estimation model of canopy dust retention was built through random forest regression (RFR), and the dust distribution map was obtained based on the airborne hyperspectral image. The results showed that dust retention enhanced the spectral reflectance of leaves in the visible wavelength but weakened the reflectance in the near-infrared wavelength. Caused by the canopy structure and multiple scattering, a slight difference in the sensitive spectra on dust retention existed between the canopy and leaves. Similarly, the sensitive spectra of leaves and the canopy were closely related to dust and plant physiological parameters. The estimation model constructed through 2DCOS-CARS-RFR showed higher precision, compared with genetic algorithm-random forest regression (GA-RFR) and simulated annealing algorithm-random forest regression (SAA-RFR). Spatially, the amount of canopy dust increased and then decreased with increasing distance from the mining area, reaching a maximum within 300–500 m. This study not only demonstrated the importance of extracting feature bands based on the response of plant physical and chemical parameters to dust, but also laid a foundation for the rapid and non-destructive monitoring of grassland plant dust retention.
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Zhang C, Yi X, Gao X, Wang M, Shao C, Lv Z, Chen J, Liu Z, Shen C. Physiological and biochemical responses of tea seedlings (Camellia sinensis) to simulated acid rain conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110315. [PMID: 32058162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis), widely planted in the south of China, and often exposed to acid rain. However, research concerning the impacts of acid rain on physiology and biochemistry of tea plants is still scarce. In this study, we investigated the influence of simulated acid rain (SAR) on plant height, root length, photosynthetic pigment, Fv/Fm, proline, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme activity, total nitrogen, caffeine, catechins, and free amino acids. Our results showed that SAR at pH 4.5 did not hinder plant development because growth characteristics, photosynthesis, and ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities did not decrease at this pH compared to those at the other investigated pH values. However, at pH 3.5 and pH 2.5, the activities of antioxidase and concentrations of malondialdehyde and proline increased significantly in response to the decrease of photosynthetic pigments and Fv/Fm. In addition, the increase in acidity increased total nitrogen, certain amino acid content (theanine, cysteine), and decreased catechin and caffeine contents, resulting in an imbalance of the carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. Our results indicated that SAR at pH 3.5 and pH 2.5 could restrict photosynthesis and the antioxidant defense system, causing metabolic disorders and ultimately affecting plant development and growth, but SAR at pH 4.5 had no toxic effects on tea seedlings when no other stress factors are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Xizhi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Minhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chenyu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhidong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jianjiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chengwen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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Łukowski A, Popek R, Karolewski P. Particulate matter on foliage of Betula pendula, Quercus robur, and Tilia cordata: deposition and ecophysiology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:10296-10307. [PMID: 31933074 PMCID: PMC7118030 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Trees in urban and industrial areas significantly help to limit the amount of particulate matter (PM) suspended in the air, but PM has a negative impact on their life. The amount of PM gathered on leaves depends on quantity, size, and morphology of leaves and can also be increased by the presence of epicuticular waxes, in which PM can become stuck or immersed. In this study, we determined the ability of PM to accumulate on leaves in relation to the species of tree and PM source. We tested saplings of three common European tree species (Betula pendula, Quercus robur, and Tilia cordata) by experimentally polluting them with PM from different sources (cement, construction, and roadside PM), and then assessing the effects of PM on plant growth and ecophysiology. In all studied species, we have found two types of PM accumulation: a layer on the leaf surface and an in-wax layer. Results showed that the studied species accumulate PM on their leaf blade, reducing the efficiency of its photosynthetic apparatus, which in a broader sense can be considered a reduction in the plants' normal functioning. Saplings of Q. robur suffered the least, whereas B. pendula (especially photosynthetic rate and conductivity) and T. cordata (especially increase in leader shoot length) exhibited greater negative effects. The foliage of B. pendula collected the most PM, followed by Q. robur, and then T. cordata, regardless of the dust's source. All tested species showed a tendency for higher wax production when growing under PM pollution stress. We believe that, potentially, B. pendula best enhances the quality of the PM-contaminated environment; however, faster leaf fall, reduced productivity, and worse quality of wood should be considered in urban forest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Łukowski
- Faculty of Forestry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
- Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Robert Popek
- Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Karolewski
- Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
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25
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Huang W, Han S, Zhou Q, Li W, Xing W. Assessing interactions between environmental factors and aquatic toxicity: Influences of dissolved CO 2 and light on Cd toxicity in the aquatic macrophyte Potamogeton crispus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 212:247-258. [PMID: 31170659 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the combined effects of varying dissolved CO2 concentration (ambient CO2, 3˜17 μmol L-1, elevated CO2, 48˜81 μmol L-1) and light intensity (high light, c. 150 μmol photon m-2 s-1, low light, c. 25 μmol photon m-2 s-1) on the bioaccumulation and phytotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) in a macrophyte Potamogeton crispus, under constant Cd exposure. The data confirmed that 100 μM Cd led to adverse changes in morphology, ultrastructure and biochemistry in P. crispus. The toxic effects depended strongly on CO2 concentration and light intensity: elevated CO2 and high light both increased Cd concentrations in P. crispus, and there was a significant interaction between the two factors. Compared to high light grown plants, the photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll content of low light grown P. crispus were much less affected and the MDA content was lower, when exposed to 100 μM Cd. In addition, an antioxidative response was observed with a significant increase in SOD, POD and GST activities, indicating that low light grown P. crispus are more protected against Cd toxicity. When compared with ambient CO2 concentrations, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and starch content, as well as the activity of SOD and GST, were significantly enhanced in Cd treated P. crispus under elevated CO2. This suggests that elevated CO2 reduced Cd toxicity in P. crispus by increasing photosynthesis and enhancing the antioxidant system. Moreover, the statistical results showed that dissolved CO2 and light had additive effects on Cd toxicity in P. crispus, reflected by the physiological parameters of total chlorophyll content, SOD activity and MDA content, indicating that the combination of high CO2 and low light produced more protection against Cd toxicity than did the factors alone. Based on the results of this study, it appears clear that referring to a specific site in aquatic ecosystem, dissolved CO2 concentration and light availability should be considered when assessing and managing Cd impacts on aquatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shijuan Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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26
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Yang L, Xu Y, Zhang R, Wang X, Yang C. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of soybean leaves in response to simulated acid rain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 158:18-27. [PMID: 29656160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a source of edible oil and protein, soybean is a major globally important economic crop; Improving its production has been an important objective of soybean breeding. Acid rain has been shown to influence soybean growth and productivity, with consequent adverse impacts on its production for use by human populations. In this study, RNA sequencing technology was utilized to examine changes in gene expression when soybean was exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR). We sampled soybean leaves at five time intervals (0, 6, 30, 54, 78, and 102 h), and built the cDNA library. In total, 54,175 expression genes were found, including 2016 genes with differential expression. A total of 416 genes were considered, as they were closely related to the response to SAR. Genes related to the regulation of sulfur and nitrogen metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, and reactive oxygen species were among those differentially expressed in response to SAR. In this study, we examined the response mechanisms of soybean under SAR exposure. Our findings will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms employed by soybean in responding to abiotic stress, and therefore provides important information in developing soybean breeding to improve tolerance to these stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yongchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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27
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Shah K, Amin NU, Ahmad I, Ara G. Impact assessment of leaf pigments in selected landscape plants exposed to roadside dust. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23055-23073. [PMID: 29860685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Continuous addition of undesired effluents to the environment affects foliar surface of leaf, changes their morphology, stomata, photosynthetic pigments, and biochemical constituents which result in massive damage due to persistent nature of the pollutant. In persistent hostile environment, plants fail to grow and develop, and the effects are often extensive. In current study, landscape plants were exposed to different levels of road dust to analyze the effect on various photosynthetic pigments. Dry roadside sediments were collected through a vacuum pump and passed through filters to get fine particles less than 100 μm and sprinkled on Euphorbia milii (EM), Gardenia jasminoides (GJ), and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRs) by using a hand pump, twice daily at T1 (control), T2, T3, and T4 (0, 2, 4, and 6 g/plant, respectively) for a period of 3 months in green house. Road sediment significantly reduces leaf pigments in landscape plants population and the effects were more severe in high level of dust deposition. Individual response of EM, GJ, and HRs to different levels of road dust was variable; however, road sediment significantly reduces leaf pigments at high dose of roadside dust deposition. EM plants exposed to 2 g/plant roadside dust showed higher chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyllide-b, and polar carotenoid contents as compared to GJ and HRs. Leaf chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and polar carotenoid contents of EM were higher than GJ and HRs in T3 and T4 treatments. However HRs showed significantly higher protochlorophyllide, chlorophyllide-a, and pheophytin-b contents of leaf in T4 group. EM was found as tolerant landscape plant followed by HRs. GJ was most vulnerable to road dust stress. Present study concludes that the entire biosynthesis of leaf pigments is in chain and interlinked together where effect of road dust on one pigment influences other pigments and their derivatives. Salient features of the present study provide useful evidence to estimate roadside dust as a major risk factor for plant pigments, and plants in green belt along roadside suffer retarded growth and fail to establish and develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Shah
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Noor Ul Amin
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gulshan Ara
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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28
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da Silva LC, de Araújo TO, Siqueira-Silva AI, Pereira TAR, Castro LN, Silva EC, Oliva MA, Azevedo AA. Clusia hilariana and Eugenia uniflora as bioindicators of atmospheric pollutants emitted by an iron pelletizing factory in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:28026-28035. [PMID: 28994038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this work were to evaluate if the pollution emitted by the pelletizing factory causes visual symptoms and/or anatomical changes in exposed Eugenia uniflora and Clusia hilariana, in active biomonitoring, at different distances from a pelletizing factory. We characterize the symptomatology, anatomical, and histochemistry alterations induced in the two species. There was no difference in the symptomatology in relation to the different distances of the emitting source. The foliar symptoms found in C. hilariana were chlorosis, necrosis, and foliar abscission and, in E. uniflora, were observed necrosis punctuais, purple spots in the leaves, and increase in the emission of new leaves completely purplish. The two species presented formation of a cicatrization tissue. E. uniflora presented reduction in the thickness of leaf. In C. hilariana, it was visualized hyperplasia of the cells and the adaxial epidermis did not appear collapsed due to thick cuticle and cuticular flanges. Leaves of C. hilariana showed positive staining for iron, protein, starch, and phenolic compounds. E. uniflora showed positive staining for total phenolic compounds and starch. Micromorphologically, there was accumulation of particulate matter on the leaf surface, obstruction of the stomata, and scaling of the epicuticular wax in both species. It was concluded that the visual and anatomical symptoms were efficient in the diagnosis of the stress factor. C. hilariana and E. uniflora showed to be good bioindicators of the atmospheric pollutants emitted by the pelletizing factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzimar Campos da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil.
| | - Talita Oliveira de Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil
| | | | | | - Letícia Nalon Castro
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Chagas Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil
| | - Marco Antonio Oliva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil
| | - Aristéa Alves Azevedo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brasil
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29
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Zhang R, Wu J, Li Q, Hänninen H, Peng C, Yao H, Song X, Ying Y. Nitrogen Deposition Enhances Photosynthesis in Moso Bamboo but Increases Susceptibility to Other Stress Factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1975. [PMID: 29201036 PMCID: PMC5696719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can increase the susceptibility of vascular plants to other stresses, but the physiological basis of such a response remains poorly understood. This study was designed to clarify the physiological mechanisms and to evaluate bioindicators of N deposition impact on vascular plants. We evaluate multiple physiological responses to ~4 years of simulated additional N deposition (30-90 kg N ha-1 year-1) on three age-classes (1a, 3a, and 5a) of Moso bamboo. A saturating response to the additional N deposition was found both in foliar N concentration and in Pn. However, 3- and 5-year-old bamboo seemed to be less tolerant to extremely high N deposition than 1-year-old bamboo since they were saturated at a lower N addition. Furthermore, C/N/P stoichiometric ratios were very sensitive to N deposition in all three-age classes of bamboo, but the responses to N deposition in the various age-classes were diverse. We also found that the highest additional N deposition suppressed stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, suggesting an induced water stress. The stress induced by the high N load was also seen in photochemistry, where it reduced potential and actual photosynthetic use of light energy, diminished photo-protection capacity, and increased risk of the photo-damage. High additional N deposition contributed to a decrease in the foliar soluble protein contents and to an increase in the peroxidase activity (POD). Our study suggested, for the first time, that although the photosynthetic rate was enhanced by the increased N deposition in Moso bamboo, long-term high N load causes negative effects, such as damage to photosystem II. In Moso bamboo photochemical parameters are more sensitive to N deposition than photosynthetic rate or foliar N concentration. Furthermore, plant age should be taken into account when assessing plants' susceptibility to changes in global change drivers, such as N deposition. These findings facilitate the revealing of the risks potentially caused to vascular plants by increased N deposition before any visible symptoms of injury are seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Tianmu Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heikki Hänninen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunju Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Tianmu Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Tianmu Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeqing Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Menció A, Guasch H, Soler D, Canelles A, Zamorano M, Brusi D. Influence of regional hydrogeological systems at a local scale: Analyzing the coupled effects of hydrochemistry and biological activity in a Fe and CO2 rich spring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 569-570:700-715. [PMID: 27380394 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Menció
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - H Guasch
- Grup de Recerca en Ecosistemes Continentals (GRECO), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - D Soler
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - A Canelles
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - M Zamorano
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - D Brusi
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
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Bao L, Qu L, Ma K, Lin L. Effects of road dust on the growth characteristics of Sophora japonica L. seedlings. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 46:147-155. [PMID: 27521946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Road dust is one of the most common pollutants and causes a series of negative effects on plant physiology. Dust's impacts on plants can be regarded as a combination of load, composition and grain size impacts on plants; however, there is a lack of integrated dust effect studies involving these three aspects. In our study, Sophora japonica seedlings were artificially dusted with road dust collected from the road surface of Beijing so that we could study the impacts of this dust on nitrogen/carbon allocation, biomass allocation and photosynthetic pigments from the three aspects of composition, load and grain size. The results showed that the growth characteristics of S. japonica seedlings were mostly influenced by dust composition and load. Leaf N, root-shoot ratio and chlorophyll a/b were significantly affected by dust composition and load; leaf C/N, shoot biomass, total chlorophyll and carotenoid were significantly affected by dust load; stem N and stem C/N were significantly affected by dust composition; while the dust grain size alone did not affect any of the growth characteristics. Road dust did influence the growth characteristics more extensively than loam. Therefore, a higher dust load could increase the differences between road dust and loam treatments. The elements in dust are well correlated to the shoot N, shoot C/N, and root-shoot ratio of S. japonica seedlings. This knowledge could benefit the management of urban green spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Laiye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Keming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
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Rai PK. Impacts of particulate matter pollution on plants: Implications for environmental biomonitoring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 129:120-36. [PMID: 27011112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the serious problems world is facing in recent Anthropocene era of rapid industrialization and urbanization. Specifically particulate matter (PM) pollution represents a threat to both the environment and human health. The changed ambient environment due to the PM pollutant in urban areas has exerted a profound influence on the morphological, biochemical and physiological status of plants and its responses. Taking into account the characteristics of the vegetation (wide distribution, greater contact area etc.) it turns out to be an effective indicator of the overall impact of PM pollution and harmful effects of PM pollution on vegetation have been reviewed in the present paper, covering an extensive span of 1960 to March 2016. The present review critically describes the impact of PM pollution and its constituents (e.g. heavy metals and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons) on the morphological attributes such as leaf area, leaf number, stomata structure, flowering, growth and reproduction as well as biochemical parameters such as pigment content, enzymes, ascorbic acid, protein, sugar and physiological aspect such as pH and Relative water content. Further, the paper provides a brief overview on the impact of PM on biodiversity and climate change. Moreover, the review emphasizes the genotoxic impacts of PM on plants. Finally, on the basis of such studies tolerant plants as potent biomonitors with high Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Air Pollution Index (API) can be screened and may be recommended for green belt development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Rai
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram, India.
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da Silva LC, de Araújo TO, Martinez CA, de Almeida Lobo F, Azevedo AA, Oliva MA. Differential responses of C3 and CAM native Brazilian plant species to a SO2- and SPMFe-contaminated Restinga. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:14007-14017. [PMID: 25956514 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to evaluate responses in terms of growth rates, physiological parameters, and degree of sensitivity to SO2 and SPMFe in Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae, a C3 species) and Clusia hilariana Schlecht (Clusiaceae, a CAM species); saplings were exposed to emissions from a pelletizing factory for 7 months. The species were distributed along a transect (200, 500, 800, 1400, and 1700 m away from the emission source), and analyses were performed after 71, 118, and 211 days of exposure to the pollutants. E. uniflora received higher superficial deposition of particulate iron. The highest total iron foliar contents were observed 200 m away from the emission source in both plant species, while the highest total sulfur foliar contents were observed 200 m away in C. hilariana and 800 m away in E. uniflora. E. uniflora presented decreased values of height growth rate, number of necrotic leaves, chlorophyll analysis (SPAD index) and transpiration, in relation to the distances from the emission source. C. hilariana showed decreased values of height growth rate, number of leaves, number of necrotic leaves, total ionic permeability, stomatal conductance, transpiration, net CO2 assimilation, and total dry matter, in relation to distances from the emission source. In relation to the days of exposure, both species presented increased number of necrotic leaves and foliar phytotoxicity index, and decreased values in the chlorophyll analysis. The two native plant species, both of which occur in the Brazilian Restinga, showed damage when exposed to emissions from an iron ore pelletizing factory. C. hilariana was considered the most sensitive species due to the decreased values in a higher number of variables after exposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzimar Campos da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil,
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Chen J, Hu WJ, Wang C, Liu TW, Chalifour A, Chen J, Shen ZJ, Liu X, Wang WH, Zheng HL. Proteomic analysis reveals differences in tolerance to acid rain in two broad-leaf tree species, Liquidambar formosana and Schima superba. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102532. [PMID: 25025692 PMCID: PMC4099204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid rain (AR) is a serious environmental issue inducing harmful impacts on plant growth and development. It has been reported that Liquidambar formosana, considered as an AR-sensitive tree species, was largely injured by AR, compared with Schima superba, an AR-tolerant tree species. To clarify the different responses of these two species to AR, a comparative proteomic analysis was conducted in this study. More than 1000 protein spots were reproducibly detected on two-dimensional electrophoresis gels. Among them, 74 protein spots from L. formosana gels and 34 protein spots from S. superba gels showed significant changes in their abundances under AR stress. In both L. formosana and S. superba, the majority proteins with more than 2 fold changes were involved in photosynthesis and energy production, followed by material metabolism, stress and defense, transcription, post-translational and modification, and signal transduction. In contrast with L. formosana, no hormone response-related protein was found in S. superba. Moreover, the changes of proteins involved in photosynthesis, starch synthesis, and translation were distinctly different between L. formosana and S. superba. Protein expression analysis of three proteins (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) by Western blot was well correlated with the results of proteomics. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into AR stress responses in woody plants and clarifies the differences in strategies to cope with AR between L. formosana and S. superba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Urban and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Wu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Biology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Annie Chalifour
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Shen
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Huang S, Chen L, Te R, Qiao J, Wang J, Zhang W. Complementary iTRAQ proteomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics reveal multiple levels of regulation in response to nitrogen starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 9:2565-74. [PMID: 23942477 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70188c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sequential adaptation to environmental stress needs complex regulation at different cellular levels in cyanobacteria. To uncover the regulatory mechanism in response to nitrogen starvation, we investigated the genome-wide correlation between protein abundance and gene expression in a model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 using complementary quantitative iTRAQ proteomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics. Consistent with the cell growth inhibition, proteomic analysis indicated phase-dependent down-regulation of proteins related to nitrogen metabolism, ribosome complexes, glycolysis pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycles by nitrogen starvation. Transcriptomic analysis also showed that genes related to "Photosynthesis", "Protein synthesis" and "Energy metabolism" were significantly down-regulated by nitrogen starvation. Interestingly, the concordance between protein abundances and their corresponding mRNAs exhibited a functional categories-dependent pattern, with some categories, such as "Protein synthesis" and "Energy metabolism", having a relatively high correlation, while others even with numerous discordant changes in protein-mRNA pairs, indicated divergent regulation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. In particular, an increased abundance of proteins related to "Photosynthesis" upon nitrogen starvation was found to be reversely correlated with the down-regulation of their corresponding mRNAs. In addition, two metabolic modules highly correlated with nitrogen starvation were identified by a co-expression network analysis, and were found to contain mostly photosynthetic proteins and hypothetical proteins, respectively. We further confirmed the involvement of the photosynthetic genes in nitrogen starvation tolerance by constructing and analyzing the psbV gene deletion mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China.
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Chen YY, Huang L, Zhang Y, Ke CH, Huang HQ. Differential expression profile of membrane proteins in Aplysia pleural–pedal ganglia under the stress of methyl parathion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:3371-3385. [PMID: 24234813 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to analyze the alteration of membrane protein profiles in Aplysia juliana Quoy & Gaimard (A. juliana) pleural–pedal ganglia under MP exposure. Both the results of GC–MS analysis and the activity assay of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) reveal that MP toxicological effects on Aplysia left and right pleural–pedal ganglia are different under 7 and 14 days of exposure. Therefore, Aplysia were subjected for exposure at two concentrations (1 and 2 mg/l) of MP for 7 and 14 days for membrane proteomic study. As a result, 19 and 14 protein spots were differentially expressed in A. juliana left pleural–pedal ganglia under 7 and 14 days treatment, and 20 and 14 protein spots found with differential expressions in their right ganglia under the same treatment, respectively. Several proteins with expression variations were detected from both the left and right pleural–pedal ganglia; however, most proteins have distinctive expressions, indicating different mechanisms might be involved in initiating MP toxicology in left and right ganglia. Among the total differential protein spots obtained, 29 proteins were classed as membrane proteins. These proteins are mainly involved in the metabolism process, cell redox homeostasis, signal transduction, immunology, intracellular transport and catalysis, indicating MP toxicity in mollusks seems to be complex and diverse. Some differentially expressed proteins were further confirmed by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. These results might provide renovated insights to reveal the mechanism of MP-induced neurotoxicity, and the novel candidate biomarkers might have potential application for environmental evaluation of MP pollution level.
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Chen J, Wang WH, Liu TW, Wu FH, Zheng HL. Photosynthetic and antioxidant responses of Liquidambar formosana and Schima superba seedlings to sulfuric-rich and nitric-rich simulated acid rain. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 64:41-51. [PMID: 23353765 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To study whether differential responses occur in photosynthesis and antioxidant system for seedlings of Liquidambar formosana, an acid rain (AR)-sensitive tree species and Schima superba, an AR-tolerant tree species treated with three types of pH 3.0 simulated AR (SiAR) including sulfuric-rich (S-SiAR), nitric-rich (N-SiAR), sulfate and nitrate mixed (SN-SiAR), we investigated the changes of leaf necrosis, chlorophyll content, soluble protein and proline content, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, reactive oxygen species production, membrane lipid peroxidation, small molecular antioxidant content, antioxidant enzyme activities and related protein expressions. Our results showed that SiAR significantly caused leaf necrosis, inhibited photosynthesis, induced superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide generation, aggravated membrane lipid peroxidation, changed antioxidant enzyme activities, modified related protein expressions such as Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), l-ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1. 11. 1. 11), glutathione S transferase (GST, EC 2. 5. 1. 18) and Rubisco large subunit (RuBISCO LSU), altered non-protein thiols (NPT) and glutathione (GSH) content in leaves of L. formosana and S. superba. Taken together, we concluded that the damages caused by SiAR in L. formosana were more severe and suffered from more negative impacts than in S. superba. S-SiAR induced more serious damages for the plants than did SN-SiAR and N-SiAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
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Pereira EG, Oliva MA, Rosado-Souza L, Mendes GC, Colares DS, Stopato CH, Almeida AM. Iron excess affects rice photosynthesis through stomatal and non-stomatal limitations. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 201-202:81-92. [PMID: 23352405 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity is the most important stressor of rice in many lowland environments worldwide. Rice cultivars differ widely in their ability to tolerate excess iron. A physiological evaluation of iron toxicity in rice was performed using non-invasive photosynthesis, photorespiration and chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging measurements and chlorophyll content determination by SPAD. Four rice cultivars (BR IRGA 409; BR IRGA 412; BRA 041171 and BRA 041152) from the Brazilian breeding programs were used. Fe(2+) was supplied in the nutrient solution as Fe-EDTA (0.019, 4, 7 and 9 mM). Increases in shoot iron content due to Fe(2+) treatments led to changes in most of the non-invasive physiological variables assessed. The reduction in rice photosynthesis can be attributed to stomatal limitations at moderate Fe(2+) doses (4mM) and both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations at higher doses. Photorespiration was an important sink for electrons in rice cultivars under iron excess. A decreased chlorophyll content and limited photochemical ability to cope with light excess were characteristic of the more sensitive and iron accumulator cultivars (BRA 041171 and BRA 041152). Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed a spatial heterogeneity of photosynthesis under excessive iron concentrations. The results showed the usefulness of non-invasive physiological measurements to assess differences among cultivars. The contributions toward understanding the rice photosynthetic response to toxic levels of iron in the nutrient solution are also discussed.
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Kováčik J, Klejdus B, Stork F, Hedbavny J. Physiological responses of Tillandsia albida (Bromeliaceae) to long-term foliar metal application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 239-240:175-82. [PMID: 22989857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of 2-month foliar application of cadmium, nickel and their combination (10 μM) on Tillandsia albida was studied. Cadmium caused damage of tissue but assimilation pigments were depressed in Cd+Ni variant only. Stress-related parameters (ROS and peroxidase activities) were elevated by Cd and Cd+Ni while MDA content remained unaffected. Free amino acids accumulated the most in Ni alone but soluble proteins were not influenced. Among phenolic acids, mainly vanillin contributed to increase of their sum in all variants while soluble phenols even decreased in Cd+Ni and flavonols slightly increased in Cd variants. Phenolic enzymes showed negligible responses to almost all treatments. Mineral nutrients (K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, and Zn) were not affected by metal application but N content increased. Total Cd or Ni amounts reached over 400 μg g(-1) DW and were not affected if metal alone and combined treatment is compared while absorbed content differed (ca. 50% of total Cd was absorbed while almost all Ni was absorbed). These data indicate tolerance of T. albida to foliar metal application and together with strong xerophytic morphology, use for environmental studies is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Kováčik
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Sun Z, Wang L, Chen M, Wang L, Liang C, Zhou Q, Huang X. Interactive effects of cadmium and acid rain on photosynthetic light reaction in soybean seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 79:62-68. [PMID: 22182775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Interactive effects of cadmium (Cd(2+)) and acid rain on photosynthetic light reaction in soybean seedlings were investigated under hydroponic conditions. Single treatment with Cd(2+) or acid rain and the combined treatment decreased the content of chlorophyll, Hill reaction rate, the activity of Mg(2+)-ATPase, maximal photochemical efficiency and maximal quantum yield, increased initial fluorescence and damaged the chloroplast structure in soybean seedlings. In the combined treatment, the change in the photosynthetic parameters and the damage of chloroplast structure were stronger than those of any single pollution. Meanwhile, Cd(2+) and acid rain had the interactive effects on the test indices in soybean seedlings. The results indicated that the combined pollution of Cd(2+) and acid rain aggravated the toxic effect of the single pollution of Cd(2+) or acid rain on the photosynthetic parameters due to the serious damage to the chloroplast structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Minmin Chen
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, PR China.
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Chen J, Wu FH, Liu TW, Chen L, Xiao Q, Dong XJ, He JX, Pei ZM, Zheng HL. Emissions of nitric oxide from 79 plant species in response to simulated nitrogen deposition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 160:192-200. [PMID: 22035944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential contribution of nitric oxide (NO) emission from the plants grown under the increasing nitrogen (N) deposition to atmospheric NO budget, the effects of simulated N deposition on NO emission and various leaf traits (e.g., specific leaf area, leaf N concentration, net photosynthetic rate, etc.) were investigated in 79 plant species classified by 13 plant functional groups. Simulated N deposition induced the significant increase of NO emission from most functional groups, especially from conifer, gymnosperm and C(3) herb. Moreover, the change rate of NO emission was significantly correlated with the change rate of various leaf traits. We conclude that the plants grown under atmospheric N deposition, especially in conifer, gymnosperm and C(3) herb, should be taken into account as an important biological source of NO and potentially contribute to atmospheric NO budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 PR China
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Bermudez GMA, Pignata ML. Antioxidant response of three Tillandsia species transplanted to urban, agricultural, and industrial areas. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 61:401-13. [PMID: 21279718 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-010-9642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the physiological response of Tillandsia capillaris Ruiz & Pav. f. capillaris, T. recurvata L., and T. tricholepis Baker to different air pollution sources, epiphyte samples were collected from a noncontaminated area in the province of Córdoba (Argentina) and transplanted to a control site as well as three areas categorized according to the presence of agricultural, urban, and industrial (metallurgical and metal-mechanical) emission sources. A foliar damage index (FDI) was calculated with the physiological parameters chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroperoxyconjugated dienes, sulfur (S) content, and dry weight-to-fresh weight ratio. In addition, electrical conductivity (E-cond), relative water content (RWC), dehydration kinetics (Kin-H(2)O), total phenols (T-phen), soluble proteins (S-prot), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase were determined. The parameters E-cond, FDI, SOD, RWC, and Kin-H(2)O can serve as suitable indicators of agricultural air pollution for T. tricholepis and T. capillaris, and CAT, Kin-H(2)O, and SOD can do the same for T. recurvata. In addition, MDA, T-phen, and S-prot proved to be appropriate indicators of urban pollution for T. recurvata. Moreover, FDI, E-cond, and SOD for T. recurvata and MDA for T. tricholepis, respectively, could be used to detect deleterious effects of industrial air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo M A Bermudez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Química General, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria (X5016 GCA), Avda. Vélez Sársfield 1611, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Wen K, Liang C, Wang L, Hu G, Zhou Q. Combined effects of lanthanum ion and acid rain on growth, photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure in soybean seedlings. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:601-8. [PMID: 21507455 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) have been accumulated in the agricultural environment. Acid rain is a serious environmental issue. In the present work, the effects of lanthanum ion (La(3+)) and acid rain on the growth, photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure in soybean seedlings were investigated using the gas exchange measurements system, chlorophyll fluorometer, transmission electron microscopy and some biochemical techniques. It was found that although the growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings treated with the low concentration of La(3+) was improved, the growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings were obviously inhibited in the combined treatment with the low concentration of La(3+) and acid rain. At the same time, the chloroplast ultrastructure in the cell of soybean seedlings was destroyed. Under the combined treatment with the high concentration of La(3+) and acid rain, the chloroplast ultrastructure in the cell of soybean seedlings was seriously destroyed, and the growth and of photosynthesis were greatly decreased compared with those of the control, the single treatment with the high concentration of La(3+) and the single treatment with acid rain, respectively. The degree of decrease and destruction on chloroplast ultrastructure depended on the increases in the concentration of La(3+) and acid rain (H(+)). In conclusion, the combined pollution of La(3+) and acid rain obviously destroyed the chloroplast ultrastructure of cell and aggravated the harmful effect of the single La(3+) and acid rain on soybean seedlings. As a new combined pollutant, the harmful effect of REEs ions and acid rain on plant should be paid attention to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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