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Scales J, Hajmohammadi H, Priestman M, McIlvenna LC, de Boer IE, Hassan H, Tremper AH, Chen G, Wood HE, Green DC, Katsouyanni K, Mudway IS, Griffiths C. Assessing the Impact of Non-Exhaust Emissions on the Asthmatic Airway (IONA) Protocol for a Randomised Three-Exposure Crossover Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:895. [PMID: 39063472 PMCID: PMC11277032 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with asthma are disproportionately affected by air pollution, with increased symptoms, medication usage, hospital admissions, and the risk of death. To date, there has been a focus on exhaust emissions, but traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) can also arise from the mechanical abrasion of tyres, brakes, and road surfaces. We therefore created a study with the aim of investigating the acute impacts of non-exhaust emissions (NEEs) on the lung function and airway immune status of asthmatic adults. METHODS A randomised three-condition crossover panel design will expose adults with asthma using a 2.5 h intermittent cycling protocol in a random order at three locations in London, selected to provide the greatest contrast in the NEE components within TRAP. Lung function will be monitored using oscillometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and spirometry (the primary outcome is the forced expiratory volume in one second). Biomarkers of inflammation and airborne metal exposure will be measured in the upper airway using nasal lavage. Symptom responses will be monitored using questionnaires. Sources of exhaust and non-exhaust concentrations will be established using source apportionment via the positive matrix factorisation of high-time resolution chemical measures conducted at the exposure sites. DISCUSSION Collectively, this study will provide us with valuable information on the health effects of NEE components within ambient PM2.5 and PM10, whilst establishing a biological mechanism to help contextualise current epidemiological observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Scales
- Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Hajar Hajmohammadi
- Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Max Priestman
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Luke C. McIlvenna
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Ingrid E. de Boer
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Haneen Hassan
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Anja H. Tremper
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Gang Chen
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Helen E. Wood
- Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - David C. Green
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ian S. Mudway
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Christopher Griffiths
- Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
- Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
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Rastegar A, Ghorbanian M, Hosseinzadeh A, Saghi MH, Iranpour S, Mohammadi AA, Poureshgh Y, Rahmanzadeh E, Hekmatshoar R, Oghazyan A, Fattahi M, Nguyen P. Investigating the impact of air pollution and temperature changes on emergency admissions (cardiovascular + respiratory) disease in the city of Bojnord, northeastern Iran. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27900. [PMID: 38571664 PMCID: PMC10987869 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CVD) + Respiratory diseases are recognized as the main cause of death worldwide. Fluctuations in temperature and air pollution have been reported as one of the most important causes of cardiovascular & respiratory diseases. Therefore, in the current study, we assessed the relationship between ambient air temperature and pollution on the number of total emergency hospital admission due to cardiovascular and respiratory conditions in the City of Bojnord, northeastern Iran. The meteorological data, including daily temperature, relative humidity and concentrations of five air pollutants CO, NO2, NOX SO2, and PM10 were obtained from online electronic sensors at the Bojnurd meteorological station from 21th March 2018 to 20th March 2020. Statistical analysis, penalized distributed lag non-linear method was applied using R Software. Also, sensitivity analysis test was calculated by using appropriate application. The results of the study revealed that the effect of higher and lower temperatures was observed immediately from the first day and the second week, respectively. Also result showed with increase and decrease temperature, significantly increased the risk of hospitalization by 36% (RR, 1.36; 95% CI (1), 0.95 to 1.95) and 17% (RR, 1.17; 95% CI (1), 0.88 to 1.55) until the lag 25th day, respectively. Based on the results, increasing temperature significantly increased the hospitalization rate of cardiopulmonary patients, but the effect of cold was not significant on the population as well as age and gender subgroups. Study have also proved that there is no significance correlation between air pollutant and Cardiovascular & respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoob Rastegar
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghorbanian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossien Saghi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Sohrab Iranpour
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Yousef Poureshgh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Elham Rahmanzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hekmatshoar
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ali Oghazyan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
- School of Engineering &Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - P.U. Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
- School of Engineering &Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
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Hirons N, Allen A, Matsuyoshi N, Su J, Kaye L, Barrett MA. Prediction of short-acting beta-agonist usage in patients with asthma using temporal-convolutional neural networks. JAMIA Open 2023; 6:ooad091. [PMID: 37900973 PMCID: PMC10602590 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Changes in short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) use are an important signal of asthma control and risk of asthma exacerbations. Inhaler sensors passively capture SABA use and may provide longitudinal data to identify at-riskpatients. We evaluate the performance of several ML models in predicting daily SABA use for participants with asthma and determine relevant features for predictive accuracy. Methods Participants with self-reported asthma enrolled in a digital health platform (Propeller Health, WI), which included a smartphone application and inhaler sensors that collected the date and time of SABA use. Linear regression, random forests, and temporal convolutional networks (TCN) were applied to predict expected SABA puffs/person/day from SABA usage and environmental triggers. The models were compared with a simple baseline model using explained variance (R2), as well as using average precision (AP) and area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (ROC AUC) for predicting days with ≥1-10 puffs. Results Data included 1.2 million days of data from 13 202 participants. A TCN outperformed other models in predicting puff count (R2 = 0.562) and day-over-day change in puff count (R2 = 0.344). The TCN predicted days with ≥10 puffs with an ROC AUC score of 0.952 and an AP of 0.762 for predicting a day with ≥1 puffs. SABA use over the preceding 7 days had the highest feature importance, with a smaller but meaningful contribution from air pollutant features. Conclusion Predicted SABA use may serve as a valuable forward-looking signal to inform early clinical intervention and self-management. Further validation with known exacerbation events is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angier Allen
- ResMed Science Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Jason Su
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Leanne Kaye
- ResMed Science Center, San Diego, CA, United States
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Konstantinoudis G, Minelli C, Lam HCY, Fuertes E, Ballester J, Davies B, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Gasparrini A, Blangiardo M. Asthma hospitalisations and heat exposure in England: a case-crossover study during 2002-2019. Thorax 2023; 78:875-881. [PMID: 37068951 PMCID: PMC10447396 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2022-219901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported an association between warm temperature and asthma hospitalisation. They have reported different sex-related and age-related vulnerabilities; nevertheless, little is known about how this effect has changed over time and how it varies in space. This study aims to evaluate the association between asthma hospitalisation and warm temperature and investigate vulnerabilities by age, sex, time and space. METHODS We retrieved individual-level data on summer asthma hospitalisation at high temporal (daily) and spatial (postcodes) resolutions during 2002-2019 in England from the NHS Digital. Daily mean temperature at 1 km×1 km resolution was retrieved from the UK Met Office. We focused on lag 0-3 days. We employed a case-crossover study design and fitted Bayesian hierarchical Poisson models accounting for possible confounders (rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and national holidays). RESULTS After accounting for confounding, we found an increase of 1.11% (95% credible interval: 0.88% to 1.34%) in the asthma hospitalisation risk for every 1°C increase in the ambient summer temperature. The effect was highest for males aged 16-64 (2.10%, 1.59% to 2.61%) and during the early years of our analysis. We also found evidence of a decreasing linear trend of the effect over time. Populations in Yorkshire and the Humber and East and West Midlands were the most vulnerable. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of an association between warm temperature and hospital admission for asthma. The effect has decreased over time with potential explanations including temporal differences in patterns of heat exposure, adaptive mechanisms, asthma management, lifestyle, comorbidities and occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garyfallos Konstantinoudis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Elaine Fuertes
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joan Ballester
- Climate and Health Program (CLIMA), Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bethan Davies
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Public Health Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre for Statistical Methodology, London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Lu C, Wang F, Liu Q, Deng M, Yang X, Ma P. Effect of NO 2 exposure on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131787. [PMID: 37295329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a widespread air pollutant. Epidemiological evidence indicates that NO2 is associated with an increase of incidence rate and mortality of asthma, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we exposed mice to NO2 (5 ppm, 4 h per day for 30 days) intermittently to investigate the development and potential toxicological mechanisms of allergic asthma. We randomly assigned 60 male Balb/c mice to four groups: saline control, ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization, NO2 alone, and OVA+NO2 groups. The involved mechanisms were found from the perspective of airway inflammation and oxidative stress. The results showed that NO2 exposure could aggravate lung inflammation in asthmatic mice, and airway remodeling was characterized by significant thickening of the airway wall and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, NO2 would aggravate the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), which is characterized by significantly elevated inspiratory resistance (Ri) and expiratory resistance (Re), as well as decreased dynamic lung compliance (Cldyn). In addition, NO2 exposure promoted pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and serum immunoglobulin (IgE) production. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell differentiation (IL-4 increased, IFN-γ reduced, IL-4/IFN-γ significantly increased) played a key role in the inflammatory response of asthma under NO2 exposure. In a nutshell, NO2 exposure could promote allergic airway inflammation and increase asthma susceptibility. The levels of ROS and MDA among asthmatic mice exposed to NO2 increased significantly, while GSH levels sharply decreased. These findings may provide better toxicological evidence for the mechanisms of allergic asthma risk due to NO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Faming Wang
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Qin Liu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Miaomiao Deng
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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Shen W, Ming Y, Zhu T, Luo L. The association between air pollutants and hospitalizations for asthma: an evidence from Chengdu, China. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:65. [PMID: 36819554 PMCID: PMC9929847 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Exposure to air pollutants has been linked to the exacerbation of asthma, and it has become a risk to human welfare and health throughout the globe. Previous works did not achieve a systematic study by considering interactive effects of age, gender, and meteorological factors on the exposure-effect relationship between air pollutants and asthma. We aimed to quantitatively investigate the effects of air pollutants on hospitalizations for asthma in Chengdu, China. Methods This is a retrospective and population-based study. Data of asthma hospitalization records for residents, the average daily concentrations of air pollutants including SO2, CO, NO2, O3, PM10, and PM2.5, and meteorological variables from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 in Chengdu, China, were obtained from several government departments. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the exposure-effect relationship between air pollutants and daily asthma hospitalizations after controlling the long-time seasonal trend, "day-of-week (DOW)" effect, holiday effect, and confounding meteorological factors. Results A total of 7,503 hospitalizations were assessed. Significant associations between hospitalizations and air pollutants were found. The relative risk (RR) for hospitalizations for every 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10 for the male group were 1.0121 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0012-1.0232] and 1.0075 (95% CI: 1.0001-1.015), respectively. The elderly (≥65 years old) tended to have a higher RR (1.0022; 95% CI: 1.0001-1.0043) for each 10 mg/m3 increase in CO than the other age groups. All pollutants had slightly protective effects on the younger age group (≤14 years old). O3 had more significant effects in cold season, whereas SO2 impacted more significantly in warm seasons, particularly for females and adults (14-65 years old). Conclusions Adverse effects of ambient concentrations of air pollutants on hospitalizations for asthma are evident, especially in specific population groups. Male patients were more susceptible to PM2.5 and PM10, and the elderly were more sensitive to CO. The effects of O3 in China were significant in the cold season, whereas SO2 impacted more significantly in the warm season particularly on females and adults. The study would be meaningful for asthma intervention and corresponding healthcare resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Shen
- Party Committee Office, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Ming
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Luo
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhu S, Chen G, Ye Y, Zhou H, He G, Chen H, Xiao J, Hu J, Zeng F, Yang P, Liu C, He Z, Wang J, Cao G, Chen Y, Feng H, Ma W, Liu T. Effect of maternal ozone exposure before and during pregnancy on wheezing risk in offspring: A birth cohort study in Guangzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113426. [PMID: 35550810 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) exposure may lead to the development and exacerbation of asthma or wheezing in postnatal children; however, it has rarely been studied before and during pregnancy. Wheezing is one of the most common symptoms when diagnosing of asthma; thus, we investigated the associations of O3 exposure before and during pregnancy with wheezing in preschool children and the potential susceptible exposure windows from a heavily polluted city in China. This population-based birth cohort study, which included 3725 mother-child pairs from Guangzhou, began in 2016, and the follow-up period ended on July 31, 2020. We used a spatiotemporal land-use-regression model combined with activity patterns to estimate the daily O3 exposure levels during the pre-pregnancy period and each trimester, and wheezing was recorded by reviewing medical records. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to quantify the effects of O3 exposure on childhood wheezing adjusted for potential confounders. No significant association was detected between pre-pregnancy exposure to O3 and childhood wheezing. However, increased ambient O3 exposures throughout pregnancy and in the second trimester were positively associated with the risk of childhood wheezing, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confident intervals (CIs) per interquartile range (IQR) increment of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04-1.44) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.09-1.58), respectively. The effects of maternal O3 exposure on childhood wheezing risk was stronger when the exposure occurred in the warm conception season (P < 0.05). Significant childhood wheezing risk could be attributable to maternal O3 exposure, especially during the second trimester and with warm-season conception in Guangzhou. Further cohorts of children, particularly school age children who have more robust asthma diagnoses, should be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guimin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhongrong He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Ganxiang Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Alharbi ET, Nadeem F, Cherif A. Predictive models for personalized asthma attacks based on patient's biosignals and environmental factors: a systematic review. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:345. [PMID: 34886852 PMCID: PMC8656014 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic disease that exacerbates due to various risk factors, including the patient's biosignals and environmental conditions. It is affecting on average 7% of the world population. Preventing an asthma attack is the main challenge for asthma patients, which requires keeping track of any risk factor that can cause a seizure. Many researchers developed asthma attacks prediction models that used various asthma biosignals and environmental factors. These predictive models can help asthmatic patients predict asthma attacks in advance, and thus preventive measures can be taken. This paper introduces a review of these models to evaluate the used methods, model's performance, and determine the need to improve research in this field. METHOD A systematic review was conducted for the research articles introducing asthma attack prediction models for children and adults. We searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and IEEE databases from January 2000 to December 2020. The search includes the prediction models that used biosignal, environmental, and both risk factors. The research article's quality was assessed and scored based on two checklists, the Checklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies (CHARMS) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme clinical prediction rule checklist (CASP). The highest scored articles were selected to review. RESULT From 1068 research articles we reviewed, we found that most of the studies used asthma biosignal factors only for prediction, few of the studies used environmental factors, and limited studies used both of these factors. Fifteen different asthma attack predictive models were selected for this review. we found that most of the studies used traditional prediction methods, like Support Vector Machine and regression. We have identified the pros and cons of the reviewed asthma attack prediction models and propose solutions to advance the studies in this field. CONCLUSION Asthma attack predictive models become more significant when using both patient's biosignal and environmental factors. There is a lack of utilizing advanced machine learning methods, like deep learning techniques. Besides, there is a need to build smart healthcare systems that provide patients with decision-making systems to identify risk and visualize high-risk regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman T. Alharbi
- Department of Information Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Nadeem
- Department of Information Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Cherif
- Department of Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Spatial Modeling of Asthma-Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing and Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13163222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, asthma-prone area modeling of Tehran, Iran was provided by employing three ensemble machine learning algorithms (Bootstrap aggregating (Bagging), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), and Stacking). First, a spatial database was created with 872 locations of asthma patients and affecting factors (particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), rainfall, wind speed, humidity, temperature, distance to street, traffic volume, and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)). We created four factors using remote sensing (RS) imagery, including air pollution (O3, SO2, CO, and NO2), altitude, and NDVI. All criteria were prepared using a geographic information system (GIS). For modeling and validation, 70% and 30% of the data were used, respectively. The weight of evidence (WOE) model was used to assess the spatial relationship between the dependent and independent data. Finally, three ensemble algorithms were used to perform asthma-prone areas mapping. According to the Gini index, the most influential factors on asthma occurrence were distance to the street, NDVI, and traffic volume. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) values for the AdaBoost, Bagging, and Stacking algorithms was 0.849, 0.82, and 0.785, respectively. According to the findings, the AdaBoost algorithm outperforms the Bagging and Stacking algorithms in spatial modeling of asthma-prone areas.
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Lim YH, Oh J, Han C, Bae HJ, Kim S, Jang Y, Ha E, Hong YC. Long-term exposure to moderate fine particulate matter concentrations and cause-specific mortality in an ageing society. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:1792-1801. [PMID: 33079997 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm in size (PM2.5) is considered a risk factor for premature death. However, only a few studies have been conducted in areas with moderate PM2.5 concentrations. Moreover, an ageing society may be more susceptible to environmental exposure and future burden of mortality due to PM2.5. METHODS This study estimates hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality from long-term exposure to moderate PM2.5 concentrations in the elderly populations of seven cities in South Korea. We also projected nationwide elderly mortality caused by long-term exposure to PM2.5, accounting for population ageing until 2045. Mortality in 1 720 230 elderly adults aged ≥65 years in 2008 was monitored across 2009-16 and linked to modelled PM2.5 concentrations. RESULTS A total of 421 100 deaths occurred in 2009-16, and the mean of annual PM2.5 concentration ranged between 21.1 and 31.9 μg/m3 in most regions. The overall HR for a 10 μg/m3 increase in a 36-month PM2.5 moving average was 1.024 (95% confidence intervals: 1.009, 1.039). We estimated that 11 833 all-cause nationwide elderly deaths were attributable to PM2.5 exposure. Annual death tolls may increase to 17 948 by 2045. However, if PM2.5 is reduced to 5 μg/m3 by 2045, the tolls may show a lower increase to 3646. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to moderately high levels of PM2.5 was associated with increased mortality risk among the elderly. Thus, PM2.5 reduction in response to the projected ageing-associated mortality in South Korea is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Oh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwoo Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Bae
- Korea Environment Institute, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Soontae Kim
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Veremchuk LV, Mineeva EE, Vitkina TI, Grigorieva EA, Gvozdenko TA, Golokhvast KS. The response ranges of pulmonary function and the impact criteria of weather and industrial influence on patients with asthma living in Vladivostok. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:235-242. [PMID: 32399235 PMCID: PMC7203380 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the response of pulmonary function (PF) to the influence of environmental factors in patients with different levels of asthma control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with controlled (136 people) and uncontrolled (96 people) asthma living in the conditions of monsoon climate and technogenic pollution in Vladivostok were examined. Discriminant analysis that provides the basis for dividing initial data into classes, as according to standards and expert estimates, was used to calculate ranges of PF response in asthma patients. The selection of discriminant functions with the highest values of constant and coefficient made it possible to identify the optimal quantitative ranges. RESULTS Analysis of the discriminant value of Wilks' lambda (α) has shown that the intensity of PF response to climatic and technogenic factors varies depending on level of disease control (controlled asthma - α = 0.67-0.79, uncontrolled asthma - α =0.05-0.44). The criteria and ranges of PF response also differ depending on level of disease control. In controlled asthma, PF response reflects an adaptive-compensatory dependence. The reaction to the environmental factors is rather weak; therefore, it could be detected by only more sensitive examination method (body plethysmography). In uncontrolled asthma, the response to the influence of environment quality is active and could be clearly identified by spirography. CONCLUSIONS The climatic and technogenic environment of Vladivostok causes strong pathogenic impact on patients with uncontrolled asthma. The effects of dust fraction 0-1 μm, deeply penetrating into respiratory organs, and day-to-day variability of wind speed, which induces weather sensitivity, are particularly adverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Veremchuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Federal State Budgetary Science Institution, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Elena E. Mineeva
- Vladivostok Branch of Federal State Budgetary Science Institution, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana I. Vitkina
- Vladivostok Branch of Federal State Budgetary Science Institution, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A. Grigorieva
- Institute for Complex Analysis of Regional Problems Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Birobidzhan, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Federal State Budgetary Science Institution, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill S. Golokhvast
- Vladivostok Branch of Federal State Budgetary Science Institution, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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12
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Bielecki A, Ernst S, Skrodzka W, Wojnicki I. The externalities of energy production in the context of development of clean energy generation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11506-11530. [PMID: 32103433 PMCID: PMC7136182 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a comparative review of the externalities of electricity production. First of all, the environmental impact is considered. A discussion of the influence of various electricity production processes on human health follows. The studies are conducted in the context of historical development. Current trends, as well as a historical background that resulted in the changes that can be observed today, are presented. The considerations are supported by a few case studies. Analysis of perspectives for the development of electricity generation methods, in particular the indication of clean energy sources and the perspectives of their exploitation, is the main aim of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bielecki
- Department of Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sebastian Ernst
- Department of Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wioletta Skrodzka
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Management, Częstochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19B, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Igor Wojnicki
- Department of Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland.
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13
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Jones PJ, Koolhof IS, Wheeler AJ, Williamson GJ, Lucani C, Campbell SL, Bowman DMJS, Johnston FH. Can smartphone data identify the local environmental drivers of respiratory disease? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109118. [PMID: 32069747 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Asthma and allergic rhinitis (or hay fever) are ubiquitous, chronic health conditions that seasonally affect a sizeable proportion of the population. Both are commonly triggered or exacerbated by environmental conditions including aeroallergens, air quality and weather. Smartphone technology offers new opportunities to identify environmental drivers by allowing large-scale, real-time collection of day-to-day symptoms. As yet, however, few studies have explored the potential of this technology to provide useful epidemiological data on environment-symptom relationships. Here, we use data from the smartphone app 'AirRater' to examine relationships between asthma and allergic rhinitis symptoms and weather, air quality and pollen loads in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. We draw on symptom data logged by app users over a three-year period and use time-series analysis to assess the relationship between symptoms and environmental co-variates. Symptoms are associated with particulate matter (IRR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04-1.08), maximum temperature (IRR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13-1.44) and pollen taxa including Betula (IRR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07), Cupressaceae (IRR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04), Myrtaceae (IRR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and Poaceae (IRR 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09). The importance of these pollen taxa varies seasonally and more taxa are associated with allergic rhinitis (eye/nose) than asthma (lung) symptoms. Our results are congruent with established epidemiological evidence, while providing important local insights including the association between symptoms and Myrtaceae pollen. We conclude that smartphone-sourced data can be a useful tool in environmental epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope J Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Iain S Koolhof
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Amanda J Wheeler
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Grant J Williamson
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Christopher Lucani
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Sharon L Campbell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; Public Health Services, Department of Health, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - David M J S Bowman
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Fay H Johnston
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; Public Health Services, Department of Health, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
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14
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Pepper JR, Barrett MA, Su JG, Merchant R, Henderson K, Van Sickle D, Balmes JR. Geospatial-temporal analysis of the impact of ozone on asthma rescue inhaler use. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105331. [PMID: 31836258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in the United States. Several outdoor air pollutants have been associated with asthma morbidity. Previous studies of the effects of short-term air pollution exposure have been limited by potential exposure misclassification and limited spatial and temporal resolution of asthma outcome measures. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the association of short-term air pollutant exposure with the use of short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA) for asthma by monitoring the time and place of occurrence with electronic medication monitors. METHODS In a cohort of adults and children with asthma (n = 287; 60% female), we deployed electronic medication monitors fitted to metered-dose inhalers to monitor SABA use, capturing the date, time and location of use. We assigned pollutant exposures based on each actuation's time and location (4-h mean measures for ozone and particulate matter of 2.5 µm or smaller (PM2.5)), assessed associations using generalized linear models and explored age-specific effects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ambient ozone exposure was positively associated with SABA use (p = 0.01). Age-specific associations were identified (interaction p = 0.01), with a larger increase in SABA use for children (11.3%; 95% CI: 7.0%-18.2%) than adults (8.4%; 95% CI: 6.4%-11.0%) per IQR increase of ozone (16.8 ppb). CONCLUSIONS These findings support existing evidence that short-term exposure to ozone can cause morbidity in individuals with asthma, and suggest that ozone exposures below the current U.S. EPA standard may be associated with increased SABA use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Pepper
- University of California Berkeley-University of California San Francisco Joint Medical Program, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | | | - Jason G Su
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Rajan Merchant
- Dignity Health, Woodland Clinic Medical Group, Woodland, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Henderson
- Propeller Health, Research, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - David Van Sickle
- Propeller Health, Madison, WI, United States; Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - John R Balmes
- University of California Berkeley-University of California San Francisco Joint Medical Program, Berkeley, CA, United States; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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15
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Liu Y, Pan J, Zhang H, Shi C, Li G, Peng Z, Ma J, Zhou Y, Zhang L. Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Asthma Mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:24-32. [PMID: 30871339 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201810-1823oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with asthma exacerbation and increased healthcare use caused by asthma, but its effect on asthma mortality remains largely unknown. Objectives: To quantitatively assess the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and asthma mortality. Methods: We investigated 4,454 individuals who lived in Hubei province, China, and died from asthma between 2013 and 2018. A case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models were applied for data analyses. Exposures to particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) were estimated by inverse distance weighted averages of all monitoring stations within 50 km from each case's home address. Measurements and Main Results: Each interquartile range (IQR) increase of PM2.5 (lag 3; IQR, 47.1 μg/m3), NO2 (lag 03; IQR, 26.3 μg/m3), and O3 (lag 3; IQR, 52.9 μg/m3) were positively associated with asthma mortality, with odds ratios of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.12), 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.22), and 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.18), respectively. There was no evidence of departure from linearity for these associations. Further adjustment for other pollutants did not change the associations materially. We did not observe significant associations between PM10, SO2, and CO exposures and asthma mortality. Overall, the estimates remained consistent in various sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Our results provide new evidence that short-term exposures to PM2.5, NO2, and O3 may increase asthma mortality risk. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Liu
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology and
| | - Jingju Pan
- 3 Institute of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- 2 Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology and
| | - Chunxiang Shi
- 4 National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Guo Li
- 5 Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, and
| | - Zhe Peng
- 2 Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology and
| | - Jixuan Ma
- 6 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- 6 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- 3 Institute of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
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16
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Gilani O, Urbanek S, Kane MJ. Distributions of Human Exposure to Ozone During Commuting Hours in Connecticut Using the Cellular Device Network. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13253-019-00378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have established associations between various air pollutants and adverse health outcomes for adults and children. Due to high costs of monitoring air pollutant concentrations for subjects enrolled in a study, statisticians predict exposure concentrations from spatial models that are developed using concentrations monitored at a few sites. In the absence of detailed information on when and where subjects move during the study window, researchers typically assume that the subjects spend their entire day at home, school, or work. This assumption can potentially lead to large exposure assignment bias. In this study, we aim to determine the distribution of the exposure assignment bias for an air pollutant (ozone) when subjects are assumed to be static as compared to accounting for individual mobility. To achieve this goal, we use cell-phone mobility data on approximately 400,000 users in the state of Connecticut, USA during a week in July 2016, in conjunction with an ozone pollution model, and compare individual ozone exposure assuming static versus mobile scenarios. Our results show that exposure models not taking mobility into account often provide poor estimates of individuals commuting into and out of urban areas: the average 8-h maximum difference between these estimates can exceed 80 parts per billion (ppb). However, for most of the population, the difference in exposure assignment between the two models is small, thereby validating many current epidemiologic studies focusing on exposure to ozone.
Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
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17
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Flayer CH, Ge MQ, Hwang JW, Kokalari B, Redai IG, Jiang Z, Haczku A. Ozone Inhalation Attenuated the Effects of Budesonide on Aspergillus fumigatus-Induced Airway Inflammation and Hyperreactivity in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2173. [PMID: 31572383 PMCID: PMC6753328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled glucocorticoids form the mainstay of asthma treatment because of their anti-inflammatory effects in the lung. Exposure to the air pollutant ozone (O3) exacerbates chronic airways disease. We and others showed that presence of the epithelial-derived surfactant protein-D (SP-D) is important in immunoprotection against inflammatory changes including those induced by O3 inhalation in the airways. SP-D synthesis requires glucocorticoids. We hypothesized here that O3 exposure impairs glucocorticoid responsiveness (including SP-D production) in allergic airway inflammation. The effects of O3 inhalation and glucocorticoid treatment were studied in a mouse model of allergic asthma induced by sensitization and challenge with Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) in vivo. The role of O3 and glucocorticoids in regulation of SP-D expression was investigated in A549 and primary human type II alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Budesonide inhibited airway hyperreactivity, eosinophil counts in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and CCL11, IL-13, and IL-23p19 release in the BAL of mice sensitized and challenged with Af (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effects of budesonide were attenuated on inflammatory changes and were completely abolished on airway hyperreactivity after O3 exposure of mice sensitized and challenged with Af. O3 stimulated release of pro-neutrophilic mediators including CCL20 and IL-6 into the airways and impaired the inhibitory effects of budesonide on CCL11, IL-13 and IL-23. O3 also prevented budesonide-induced release of the immunoprotective lung collectin SP-D into the airways of allergen-challenged mice. O3 had a bi-phasic direct effect with early (<12 h) inhibition and late (>48 h) activation of SP-D mRNA (sftpd) in vitro. Dexamethasone and budesonide induced sftpd transcription and translation in human type II alveolar epithelial cells in a glucocorticoid receptor and STAT3 (an IL-6 responsive transcription factor) dependent manner. Our study indicates that O3 exposure counteracts the effects of budesonide on airway inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, and SP-D production. We speculate that impairment of SP-D expression may contribute to the acute O3-induced airway inflammation. Asthmatics exposed to high ambient O3 levels may become less responsive to glucocorticoid treatment during acute exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron H Flayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Moyar Q Ge
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jin W Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Blerina Kokalari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Imre G Redai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Angela Haczku
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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18
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HUANG H, YANG H, DENG X, ZENG P, LI Y, ZHANG L, ZHU L. Influencing Mechanisms of Urban Heat Island on Respiratory Diseases. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:1636-1646. [PMID: 31700819 PMCID: PMC6825676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban heat island (UHI) is being intensified with the progress of urbanization. Meanwhile, respiratory diseases caused by high temperature become common. This study explores the influences of UHI on respiratory diseases (J00-J99) and the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial pattern of such influences. METHODS The pattern-process-function and the influencing mechanism of UHI on respiratory diseases were evaluated through landscape pattern indexes from 1992 to 2018 in Tianjin, China. The basis was on data from Landsat TM/OLI/TIRS remote-sensing images, meteorological stations, and mortality of respiratory diseases. RESULTS The fluctuating influence of UHI on the respiratory diseases in Tianjin has increased from 1992 to 2018, showing a significant phase-based characteristic. During 2011-2018, the influence has soared greatly, and mortality risk has increased by 101%, and the influenced area has reached 349 km2. Furthermore, the regional space clustered, and the influenced patches are in irregular shape, and the highly influenced area is enlarged. Moreover, the indexes of the landscape level of the influenced areas all decrease. The patches at all levels are fragmented and distributed discontinuously. Spatially, the influenced areas gradually extend from the urban center to the suburbs. CONCLUSION UHI causes a higher mortality of respiratory diseases because it increases daily average air temperature in summer. With respect to landscape pattern, the influenced areas at low level is highly interconnected and relatively concentrated, whereas the influenced area at high level is distributed in clusters. In general, the influenced area is fragmented and discontinuously distributed in urban center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchun HUANG
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hailin YANG
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin DENG
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng ZENG
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Corresponding Author:
| | - Yong LI
- People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luning ZHANG
- Department of University Foreign Language Teaching Section, School of foreign Studies, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei ZHU
- Center for Educational Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Dietrich M, Wolfe A, Burke M, Krekeler MPS. The first pollution investigation of road sediment in Gary, Indiana: Anthropogenic metals and possible health implications for a socioeconomically disadvantaged area. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 128:175-192. [PMID: 31059913 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An investigation of road sediment in Gary, Indiana revealed high levels of various trace metals such as Zn, Mn, and Cr, often exceeding those of background reference concentrations as shown through geoaccumulation indices and contamination factors. The hazard index (HI) value for Mn in children was >1 (1.7), suggesting possible long-term non-carcinogenic health risk. Mn HI for children is even higher for the five samples closest to a US Steel facility, with an HI of 2.8. Through SEM-EDS analysis, the prevalence of small particulates (PM2.5 and PM2.5-10) containing potentially harmful elements such as Mn and Pb illustrate a health risk through direct inhalation or ingestion. The small nature of particulates in general may also pose an increased health risk for respiratory diseases such as asthma. Mn concentrations in the road sediment were particularly high, with 30 out of 32 samples exceeding 1800 ppm. Mn and V concentrations show a strong spatial trend of decreasing concentration away from a US Steel facility. These spatial trends along with correlation plots of the bulk chemistry suggest that industrial steel manufacturing, particularly US Steel in Gary, is a major contributing source of Mn and V. Fe and Cr show a moderate decrease in concentrations away from the US Steel facility, which suggests some sourcing from the steel facility when coupled with bulk chemistry plots. Zn and Cu do not show much evidence of sourcing from the US Steel facility, likely due to increased mixing from other sources. Further work constraining anthropogenic sources, the bioaccessible fraction of metals, and analysis of direct atmospheric particulates can help with remedial activity and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dietrich
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 5726 Stevenson Center, 7th floor, Nashville, TN 37240, United States.
| | - Amy Wolfe
- Department of Geology & Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, 250 S. Patterson Avenue, 118 Shideler Hall, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Michelle Burke
- Department of Geology & Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, 250 S. Patterson Avenue, 118 Shideler Hall, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Mark P S Krekeler
- Department of Geology & Environmental Earth Science, Miami University-Hamilton, 1601 University Boulevard, Hamilton, OH 45011, United States
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20
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Kumarihamy RMK, Tripathi NK. Geostatistical predictive modeling for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using socioeconomic and environmental determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:366. [PMID: 31254075 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of the prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains under the influence of a wide array of environmental, climatic, and socioeconomic determinants. However, a large proportion of these influences remain unexplained. In completion, this study examined the spatial associations between asthma/COPD morbidity and their determinants using ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regressions (GWR). Inpatient records collected from the secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Kandy from 2010 to 2014 were considered as the dependent variable. Potential risk factors (explanatory variables) were identified in four distinguished classes: 1) meteorological factors, (2) direct and indirect factors of air pollution, (3) socioeconomic factors, and (4) characteristics of the physical environment. All possible combinations of candidate explanatory variables were evaluated through an exploratory regression. A comparison between the regression models was also explored. The best OLS regression models revealed about 55% of asthma variation and 62% of COPD variation while GWR models yielded 78% and 74% of the variation of asthma and COPD occurrences respectively. Relative humidity, proximity to roads (0-200 m), road density, use of firewood as a source of fuel, and elevation play a vital role in predicting morbidity from asthma and COPD. Both local and global regression models are important in assessing spatial relationships of asthma and COPD. However, the local models exhibit a better prediction capability for assessing non-stationary relationships of asthma and COPD than global models. The geostatistical aspects used in this study may also provide insights for evaluating heterogeneous environmental risk factors in other epidemiological studies across different spatial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M K Kumarihamy
- Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System AoS, School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
- Department of Geography, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
| | - N K Tripathi
- Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System AoS, School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
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21
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Effects of Meteorological Factors on Hospitalizations in Adult Patients with Asthma: A Systematic Review. Can Respir J 2019; 2019:3435103. [PMID: 31281551 PMCID: PMC6589223 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3435103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental factors such as weather variables contribute to asthma exacerbation. The impact of meteorological factors on asthma-related hospital admissions (HAs) or emergency department visits (EDVs) has been assessed in the literature. We conducted a systematic review to establish a conclusion of whether these findings from the literature are consistent and generalizable or if they vary significantly by certain subgroups. Objective This study aims to review the effect of meteorological variables on asthma HAs and EDVs in adults, to identify knowledge gaps and to highlight future research priorities. Method A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL. All studies published in English were screened and included if they met the eligibility criteria. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the studies and extracted the data. The available evidence was summarized and presented using a harvest plot. Results Our initial search returned a total of 3887 articles. After screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, 16 studies were included. Thirty-one percent of the included studies (5/16) found that temperature was the only factor associated with asthma hospitalization or EDVs. Six studies (37%) found that both temperature and relative humidity were associated with HAs. Four studies (25%) identified thunderstorms as a possible factor associated with asthma hospitalization in adults. Conclusion Our review suggests that HAs and EDVs due to asthma are associated with many meteorological factors. Among the articles included in this review, changing temperature is the most commonly studied variable. We did not find studies that measured barometric pressure, weather phenomena, or the effect of tornados. To develop effective strategies to protect subjects at risk, further studies are required.
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22
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Tajudin MABA, Khan MF, Mahiyuddin WRW, Hod R, Latif MT, Hamid AH, Rahman SA, Sahani M. Risk of concentrations of major air pollutants on the prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in urbanized area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:290-300. [PMID: 30612017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanisation in Malaysian cities poses risks to the health of residents. This study aims to estimate the relative risk (RR) of major air pollutants on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations in Kuala Lumpur. Daily hospitalisations due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases from 2010 to 2014 were obtained from the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM). The trace gases, PM10 and weather variables were obtained from the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia in consistent with the hospitalisation data. The RR was estimated using a Generalised Additive Model (GAM) based on Poisson regression. A "lag" concept was used where the analysis was segregated into risks of immediate exposure (lag 0) until exposure after 5 days (lag 5). The results showed that the gases could pose significant risks towards cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations. However, the RR value of PM10 was not significant in this study. Immediate effects on cardiovascular hospitalisations were observed for NO2 and O3 but no immediate effect was found on respiratory hospitalisations. Delayed effects on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations were found with SO2 and NO2. The highest RR value was observed at lag 4 for respiratory admissions with SO2 (RR = 1.123, 95% CI = 1.045-1.207), followed by NO2 at lag 5 for cardiovascular admissions (RR = 1.025, 95% CI = 1.005-1.046). For the multi-pollutant model, NO2 at lag 5 showed the highest risks towards cardiovascular hospitalisations after controlling for O3 8 h mean lag 1 (RR = 1.026, 95% CI = 1.006-1.047), while SO2 at lag 4 showed highest risks towards respiratory hospitalisations after controlling for NO2 lag 3 (RR = 1.132, 95% CI = 1.053-1.216). This study indicated that exposure to trace gases in Kuala Lumpur could lead to both immediate and delayed effects on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Basit Ahmad Tajudin
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Firoz Khan
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hazuwan Hamid
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sufian Abd Rahman
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mazrura Sahani
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Lam HCY, Hajat S, Chan EYY, Goggins WB. Different sensitivities to ambient temperature between first- and re-admission childhood asthma cases in Hong Kong - A time series study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:487-492. [PMID: 30641275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asthma can be triggered by various factors due to different etiologies. Environmental factors remain a common trigger of asthma, especially amongst children, and such ambient exposures can be harder to avoid compared to behavioral triggers. As such, the contribution of environmental factors may be enhanced when considering repeat asthma cases compared to initial presentations. To test this hypothesis, we assessed associations between ambient temperature and hospital admissions for asthma in Hong Kong and stratified admission records into first and repeat asthma hospitalizations. METHODS The daily number of asthma hospitalizations among children aged 0-5 years in Hong Kong during 2007-2011 was regressed on daily mean temperature using distributed lagged nonlinear models, with adjustment for seasonal patterns, day-of-week effects, and other meteorological factors and air-pollutants. Analyses were stratified by summer/winter and by type of admission (first admission and repeated admission). RESULTS About 33% of the 12284 asthma hospitalizations were repeat admissions. Repeat admissions demonstrated higher sensitivity to high temperature in the summer. During this period, high temperatures were associated with increased risk of repeat admission but not with first admissions: RR (95% CI) comparing 31 °C vs. 29 °C across lags 0-15 days was 3.40 (1.26, 9.18) and 0.74 (0.31, 1.77) for repeat and first admissions respectively. In the cold season, all admissions increased with falls in temperature, with slightly stronger associations apparent for repeat admissions compared to first admission: 1.20 (1.00, 1.44) vs. 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) respectively comparing risk at 15 °C vs. 12 °C across lags 0-5 days. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to show stronger associations between ambient temperature and repeat asthma admissions compared to first admissions. The higher sensitivity among those experiencing repeat admissions may allow for more personalized disease management. Given the substantial differences in associations by admission type, future studies of ambient exposures on asthma should consider analyzing the two groups separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Ching Yu Lam
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Shakoor Hajat
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Ying Yang Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - William Bernard Goggins
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Hwang YH, Kim SW. PM 2.5 and pediatric asthma. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2019. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2019.7.3.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ha Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Sánchez J, Sánchez A, Sánchez J. Differences in the Nasal Inflammatory Response to Cynodon dactylon From Rural and Urban Areas in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2018; 9:2152656718815870. [PMID: 30627474 PMCID: PMC6299326 DOI: 10.1177/2152656718815870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that air pollution has a negative impact on human health and modifies the environment. However, the clinical implications of changes in environmental allergens secondary to air pollution have been little studied. Objectives To explore if the growth conditions of the Cynodon dactylon (rural vs urban area) modify the inflammatory response among patients with allergic rhinitis. Methodology: Two extracts were prepared for diagnostic test with Cyn d proteins obtained from rural and urban environment. Skin prick test (SPT), nasal challenge test (NCT), and eosinophil count in nasal mucus were performed in 3 groups: healthy subjects without rhinitis, rhinitis with (+) Cyn d, and rhinitis with (−) Cyn d. Results There was a 97% concordance in the positive and negative results of the SPT with the 2 extracts. However, Cyn d-urban extract generated larger wheals (P = .03) and a higher number of patients with rhinitis presented a positive NCT to this extract (n = 7 vs 14, P = .04). Patients with positive NCT had a significant increase in eosinophils in mucus, but there was no difference between the extracts. The healthy controls did not react to the extracts tested in the skin or nasal test. Conclusion The findings suggest that the growth conditions in urban area of Cynodon dactylon can generate changes in the protein extract and have clinical implications in patients with allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Sánchez
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergology, IPS University, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Foundation for the Development of Medical and Biological Sciences, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Andres Sánchez
- Foundation for the Development of Medical and Biological Sciences, Cartagena, Colombia.,Department of Immunology, Rafael Núñez University Foundation, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Sánchez
- Foundation for the Development of Medical and Biological Sciences, Cartagena, Colombia
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Liu J, Guo L, Zhang K, Song Q, Wei Q, Bian Q, Liang T, Niu J, Luo B. The probable roles of valsartan in alleviating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease following co-exposure to cold stress and fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 60:230-236. [PMID: 29775776 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (ANG II) might play an important role in the co-effects of cold stress and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the roles of valsartan in alleviating COPD following co-exposure to cold stress and PM2.5. Both the two intervention factors are carried out upon COPD rats with the intervention of valsartan. Blockade of angiotensin receptor by valsartan decreases the levels of malondialdehyde in the normal temperature and tumor necrosis factor-α under cold stress significantly. When treated with valsartan and PM2.5 simultaneously, the expression of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, nuclear factor kappa B and heme oxygenase-1 decrease significantly in the group of cold stress. In conclusion, these results indicate that valsartan might relieve the co-effects of cold stress and PM2.5 on COPD rat lung to some degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Liu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanquan Song
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaozhen Wei
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Bian
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Niu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Khalili R, Bartell SM, Hu X, Liu Y, Chang HH, Belanoff C, Strickland MJ, Vieira VM. Early-life exposure to PM 2.5 and risk of acute asthma clinical encounters among children in Massachusetts: a case-crossover analysis. Environ Health 2018; 17:20. [PMID: 29466982 PMCID: PMC5822480 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between ambient particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and asthma morbidity have been suggested in previous epidemiologic studies but results are inconsistent for areas with lower PM2.5 levels. We estimated the associations between early-life short-term PM2.5 exposure and the risk of asthma or wheeze clinical encounters among Massachusetts children in the innovative Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal (PELL) cohort data linkage system. METHODS We used a semi-bidirectional case-crossover study design with short-term exposure lags for asthma exacerbation using data from the PELL system. Cases included children up to 9 years of age who had a hospitalization, observational stay, or emergency department visit for asthma or wheeze between January 2001 and September 2009 (n = 33,387). Daily PM2.5 concentrations were estimated at a 4-km resolution using satellite remote sensing, land use, and meteorological data. We applied conditional logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We also stratified by potential effect modifiers. RESULTS The median PM2.5 concentration among participants was 7.8 μg/m3 with an interquartile range of 5.9 μg/m3. Overall, associations between PM2.5 exposure and asthma clinical encounters among children at lags 0, 1 and 2 were close to the null value of OR = 1.0. Evidence of effect modification was observed by birthweight for lags 0, 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and season of clinical encounter for lags 0 and 1 (p < 0.05). Children with low birthweight (LBW) (< 2500 g) had increased odds of having an asthma clinical encounter due to higher PM2.5 exposure for lag 1 (OR: 1.08 per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15). CONCLUSION Asthma or wheeze exacerbations among LBW children were associated with short-term increases in PM2.5 concentrations at low levels in Massachusetts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Khalili
- Environmental Health Sciences Graduate Program, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Scott M. Bartell
- Environmental Health Sciences Graduate Program, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 653 E. Peltason Dr., AIRB 2042, Irvine, CA 92697-3957 USA
- Department of Statistics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Xuefei Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Howard H. Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Candice Belanoff
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Verónica M. Vieira
- Environmental Health Sciences Graduate Program, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 653 E. Peltason Dr., AIRB 2042, Irvine, CA 92697-3957 USA
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28
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Muñiz-Unamunzaga M, Borge R, Sarwar G, Gantt B, de la Paz D, Cuevas CA, Saiz-Lopez A. The influence of ocean halogen and sulfur emissions in the air quality of a coastal megacity: The case of Los Angeles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:1536-1545. [PMID: 28666531 PMCID: PMC6724205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The oceans are the main source of natural halogen and sulfur compounds, which have a significant influence on the oxidizing capacity of the marine atmosphere; however, their impact on the air quality of coastal cities is currently unknown. We explore the effect of marine halogens (Cl, Br and I) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) on the air quality of a large coastal city through a set of high-resolution (4-km) air quality simulations for the urban area of Los Angeles, US, using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ model). The results indicate that marine halogen emissions decrease ozone and nitrogen dioxide levels up to 5ppbv and 2.5ppbv, respectively, in the city of Los Angeles. Previous studies suggested that the inclusion of chlorine in air quality models leads to the generation of ozone in urban areas through photolysis of nitryl chloride (ClNO2). However, we find that when considering the chemistry of Cl, Br and I together the net effect is a reduction of surface ozone concentrations. Furthermore, combined ocean emissions of halogens and DMS cause substantial changes in the levels of key urban atmospheric oxidants such as OH, HO2 and NO3, and in the composition and mass of fine particles. Although the levels of ozone, NO3 and HOx are reduced, we find a 10% increase in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mean concentration, attributed to the increase in aerosol acidity and sulfate aerosol formation when combining DMS and bromine. Therefore, this new pathway for enhanced SOA formation may potentially help with current model under predictions of urban SOA. Although further observations and research are needed to establish these preliminary conclusions, this first city-scale investigation suggests that the inclusion of oceanic halogens and DMS in air quality models may improve regional air quality predictions over coastal cities around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Muñiz-Unamunzaga
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Rafael Borge
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Golam Sarwar
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States
| | - Brett Gantt
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States
| | - David de la Paz
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos A Cuevas
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain.
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Neophytou AM, White MJ, Oh SS, Thakur N, Galanter JM, Nishimura KK, Pino-Yanes M, Torgerson DG, Gignoux CR, Eng C, Nguyen EA, Hu D, Mak AC, Kumar R, Seibold MA, Davis A, Farber HJ, Meade K, Avila PC, Serebrisky D, Lenoir MA, Brigino-Buenaventura E, Rodriguez-Cintron W, Bibbins-Domingo K, Thyne SM, Williams LK, Sen S, Gilliland FD, Gauderman WJ, Rodriguez-Santana JR, Lurmann F, Balmes JR, Eisen EA, Burchard EG. Air Pollution and Lung Function in Minority Youth with Asthma in the GALA II (Genes-Environments and Admixture in Latino Americans) and SAGE II (Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environments) Studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 193:1271-80. [PMID: 26734713 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1706oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Adverse effects of exposures to ambient air pollution on lung function are well documented, but evidence in racial/ethnic minority children is lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess the relationship between air pollution and lung function in minority children with asthma and possible modification by global genetic ancestry. METHODS The study population consisted of 1,449 Latino and 519 African American children with asthma from five different geographical regions in the mainland United States and Puerto Rico. We examined five pollutants (particulate matter ≤10 μm and ≤2.5 μm in diameter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide), derived from participant residential history and ambient air monitoring data, and assessed over several time windows. We fit generalized additive models for associations between pollutant exposures and lung function parameters and tested for interaction terms between exposures and genetic ancestry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A 5 μg/m(3) increase in average lifetime particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 μm in diameter exposure was associated with a 7.7% decrease in FEV1 (95% confidence interval = -11.8 to -3.5%) in the overall study population. Global genetic ancestry did not appear to significantly modify these associations, but percent African ancestry was a significant predictor of lung function. CONCLUSIONS Early-life particulate exposures were associated with reduced lung function in Latino and African American children with asthma. This is the first study to report an association between exposure to particulates and reduced lung function in minority children in which racial/ethnic status was measured by ancestry-informative markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Neophytou
- 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | - Joshua M Galanter
- 2 Department of Medicine.,3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences
| | | | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- 2 Department of Medicine.,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rajesh Kumar
- 5 Children's Memorial Hospital and the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Max A Seibold
- 6 Integrated Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Adam Davis
- 7 Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California
| | - Harold J Farber
- 8 Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelley Meade
- 7 Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California
| | - Pedro C Avila
- 9 Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Denise Serebrisky
- 10 Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Shannon M Thyne
- 15 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - L Keoki Williams
- 16 Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research and.,17 Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Saunak Sen
- 18 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- 19 Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - W James Gauderman
- 19 Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Fred Lurmann
- 21 Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, California
| | - John R Balmes
- 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.,22 Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ellen A Eisen
- 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- 2 Department of Medicine.,3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences
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30
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Lam HCY, Li AM, Chan EYY, Goggins WB. The short-term association between asthma hospitalisations, ambient temperature, other meteorological factors and air pollutants in Hong Kong: a time-series study. Thorax 2016; 71:1097-1109. [PMID: 27343213 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found associations between meteorological variables and asthma hospitalisations but the nature of these associations has varied and few studies have been done in subtropical areas or evaluated effect modification by age. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate associations between asthma hospitalisations and meteorological factors and to assess effect modification of these associations by age and season in Hong Kong. METHODS Poisson generalised additive models combined with distributed lag nonlinear models and piecewise linear models were used to model associations between daily asthma hospitalisations from 2004 to 2011 and meteorological factors and air pollutants, adjusting for day of week, seasonality and trend. Subgroup analyses by age and season were performed. RESULTS In the hot season, hospitalisations were lowest at 27°C, rose to a peak at 30°C, then plateaued between 30°C and 32°C. The cumulative relative risk for lags 0-3 days (RRlag0-3) for 30°C vs 27°C was 1.19 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.34). In the cold season, temperature was negatively associated with asthma hospitalisations. The cumulative RRlag0-3 for 12°C vs 25°C was 1.33 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.58). Adult admissions were most sensitive to temperatures in both seasons while admissions among children under 5 were least associated. Higher humidity and ozone levels in the hot season, and low humidity in the cold season were also associated with more asthma admissions. CONCLUSIONS People with asthma should avoid exposure to adverse conditions by limiting outdoor activities during periods of extreme temperatures, combinations of high humidity and high temperature, and low humidity and low temperature, and high ozone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Ching-Yu Lam
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Emily Ying-Yang Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - William Bernard Goggins
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
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The association between air pollution and weather conditions with increase in the number of admissions of asthmatic patients in emergency wards: a case study in Kermanshah. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2015; 29:229. [PMID: 26478887 PMCID: PMC4606958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrialization and urbanization had a devastating impact on public health and caused an increase in health related morbidity and mortality. In fact, asthma is a chronic condition which is considered as one of the significant challenges of public health. In this study, we investigated the association of air pollution and weather conditions with excess emergency ward admissions of asthmatic patients in Kermanshah hospitals. METHODS This was an ecological study. The total number of hospital admissions to emergency wards from all related and major hospitals of Kermanshah was collected from September 2008 through August 2009. In addition, data on air pollution as well as meteorological data were collected from the Environmental Protection Agency and Meteorological Organization of Kermanshah. To determine the association between the number of hospitalization due to asthma with those parameters, Poisson regression was used. RESULTS The results of Poisson regression revealed a significant association between carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and temperature with emergency room visits due to asthma in Kermanshah. No associations were found for sulfur dioxide or for particulate matter. CONCLUSION This study provides further evidence for the significant effect of monoxide carbon on asthma; and it suggests that temperature may have a role in the exacerbation of asthma. However, due to the multi-factorial nature of asthma, other factors also play a major role in the development and exacerbation of this illness.
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Quick H, Carlin BP, Banerjee S. Heteroscedastic CAR models for areally referenced temporal processes for analyzing California asthma hospitalization data. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 2015; 64:799-813. [PMID: 26692587 DOI: 10.1111/rssc.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Often in regionally aggregated spatiotemporal models, a single variance parameter is used to capture variability in the spatial structure of the model, ignoring the impact that spatially-varying factors may have on the variability in the underlying process. We extend existing methodologies to allow for region-specific variance components in our analysis of monthly asthma hospitalization rates in California counties, introducing a heteroscedastic CAR model that can greatly improve the fit of our spatiotemporal process. After demonstrating the effectiveness of our new model via simulation, we reanalyze the asthma hospitalization data and note a number of important findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison Quick
- Division of Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Bradley P Carlin
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Sudipto Banerjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772
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Ji X, Han M, Yun Y, Li G, Sang N. Acute nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure enhances airway inflammation via modulating Th1/Th2 differentiation and activating JAK-STAT pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:722-8. [PMID: 25462318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an air pollutant associated with poor respiratory health, asthma exacerbation, and an increased likelihood of inhalational allergies. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, the airway inflammatory response was first assessed in rats exposed to 5mg/m(3) NO2 for seven days. The results showed that NO2 exposure caused the pulmonary pathological alteration, and significantly stimulated MUC5AC expression. Following this, obviously up-regulated changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and ICAM-1) were observed. Also, NO2 inhalation induced the imbalance in the ratio of Th1/Th2 differentiation (IL-4, IFN-γ, GATA-3 and T-bet) and the activation of following JAK-STAT pathway (JAK1, JAK3 and STAT6). The findings clarify an important mechanism for NO2 inhalation being injurious to the lung and augmenting the degree of allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Ming Han
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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Kim SH, Yang HJ, Jang AS, Kim SH, Song WJ, Kim TB, Ye YM, Yoo Y, Yu J, Yoon JS, Jee HM, Suh DI, Kim CW. Effects of particulate matter in ambient air on the development and control of asthma. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2015.3.5.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - An-Soo Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Bum Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinho Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Jee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Pocheon, Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Petrick L, Rosenblat M, Aviram M. In vitro effects of exogenous carbon monoxide on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in macrophages. Toxicol Ind Health 2014; 32:1318-23. [PMID: 25501254 DOI: 10.1177/0748233714558084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a major constituent of traffic-related air pollution and is also produced endogenously under conditions of oxygen-mediated stress. It has been shown to affect both oxidative stress and inflammation. However, its role in lipid metabolism has been neglected. Using short exposure times, the effect of CO on J774A.1 macrophage atherogenic functions was investigated up to 16 h after exposure. Exposure of macrophages was found to be pro-atherogenic as it significantly increased triglyceride mass, up to 60%, and decreased high-density lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol efflux, up to 27%. In contrast, paraoxonase 2 lactonase activity was increased, up to 65%, and cellular oxidative stress was attenuated by 29%, compared with the control cells. The above results on lipid metabolism may lead to arterial macrophage foam cell formation, the hallmark of early atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Petrick
- The Technion Center of Excellence in Exposure Science and Environmental Health (TCEEH), Technion, Israel The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel
| | - Mira Rosenblat
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel
| | - Michael Aviram
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel
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Ather JL, Martin RA, Ckless K, Poynter ME. Inflammasome Activity in Non-Microbial Lung Inflammation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 1:108-117. [PMID: 25642415 PMCID: PMC4308734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of interleukin-1 (IL-1) family cytokines in inflammatory disease has rapidly developed, due in part to the discovery and characterization of inflammasomes, which are multi-subunit intracellular protein scaffolds principally enabling recognition of a myriad of cellular stimuli, leading to the activation of caspase-1 and the processing of IL-1β and IL-18. Studies continue to elucidate the role of inflammasomes in immune responses induced by both microbes and environmental factors. This review focuses on the current understanding of inflammasome activity in the lung, with particular focus on the non-microbial instigators of inflammasome activation, including inhaled antigens, oxidants, cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust particles, mineral fibers, and engineered nanomaterials, as well as exposure to trauma and pre-existing inflammatory conditions such as metabolic syndrome. Inflammasome activity in these sterile inflammatory states contribute to diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive disease, acute lung injury, ventilator-induced lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Ather
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Martin
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
| | - Karina Ckless
- Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, USA
| | - Matthew E. Poynter
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
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Dembe AE, Yao X, Wickizer TM, Shoben AB, Dong XS. A novel method for estimating the effects of job conditions on asthma and chronic lung disease. J Asthma 2014; 51:799-807. [PMID: 24823324 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2014.917183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study uses 32 years of longitudinal job history to analyze the long-term effect of exposure to specific workplace conditions on the risk of contracting asthma or chronic lung disease later in life. Our approach allows for the estimation of occupational respiratory risks even in the absence of direct environmental monitoring. METHODS We employ a novel methodology utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), and ratings of job exposures from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), which are based on 70 years of empirical data compiled by the U.S. Department of Labor. A series of multivariable logistic regression analyses are performed to determine how long-term exposure to a particular occupational O*NET indicator (e.g., working in an extremely hot or cold environment) is related to asthma and COPD risk. RESULTS The risk of contracting COPD was significantly associated with long-term work in very hot or cold temperatures (OR = 1.50, CI: 1.07-2.10), performing physically demanding activities (OR = 1.65, CI:1.20-2.28), working outdoors exposed to weather (OR = 1.45, CI:1.06-1.99), and workplace exposure to contaminants (OR = 1.42, CI:1.05-1.96). In general, the effects of exposure were greater for COPD than for asthma. With respect to contracting asthma, only exposure to work in very hot or cold temperatures (OR = 1.35, CI:1.08-1.70) and performing physically demanding activities (OR = 1.23, CI:1.00-1.52) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Use of O*NET job descriptors as surrogate measures of workplace exposures can provide a useful way of analyzing the risk of occupationally-related respiratory disease in situations where direct exposure measurement is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allard E Dembe
- Center for Health Outcomes, Policy and Evaluation Studies, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH , USA
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Abstract
Traffic and power generation are the main sources of urban air pollution. The idea that outdoor air pollution can cause exacerbations of pre-existing asthma is supported by an evidence base that has been accumulating for several decades, with several studies suggesting a contribution to new-onset asthma as well. In this Series paper, we discuss the effects of particulate matter (PM), gaseous pollutants (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulphur dioxide), and mixed traffic-related air pollution. We focus on clinical studies, both epidemiological and experimental, published in the previous 5 years. From a mechanistic perspective, air pollutants probably cause oxidative injury to the airways, leading to inflammation, remodelling, and increased risk of sensitisation. Although several pollutants have been linked to new-onset asthma, the strength of the evidence is variable. We also discuss clinical implications, policy issues, and research gaps relevant to air pollution and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Guarnieri
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John R Balmes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Comparison of the effects of air pollution on outpatient and inpatient visits for asthma: a population-based study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96190. [PMID: 24789041 PMCID: PMC4006842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A nationwide asthma survey on the effects of air pollution is lacking in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the time trend and the relationship between air pollution and health care services for asthma in Taiwan. Methods Health care services for asthma and ambient air pollution data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research database and Environmental Protection Administration from 2000 through 2009, respectively. Health care services, including those related to the outpatient and inpatient visits were compared according to the concentration of air pollutants. Results The number of asthma-patient visits to health-care facilities continue to increase in Taiwan. Relative to the respective lowest quartile of air pollutants, the adjusted relative risks (RRs) of the outpatient visits in the highest quartile were 1.10 (P-trend = 0.013) for carbon monoxide (CO), 1.10 (P-trend = 0.015) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and 1.20 (P-trend <0.0001) for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≦10µm (PM10) in the child group (aged 0–18). For adults aged 19–44, the RRs of outpatient visits were 1.13 (P-trend = 0.078) for CO, 1.17 (P-trend = 0.002) for NO2, and 1.13 (P-trend <0.0001) for PM10. For adults aged 45–64, the RRs of outpatient visits were 1.15 (P-trend = 0.003) for CO, 1.19 (P-trend = 0.0002) for NO2, and 1.10 (P-trend = 0.001) for PM10. For the elderly (aged≥ 65), the RRs of outpatient visits in were 1.12 (P-trend = 0.003) for NO2 and 1.10 (P-trend = 0.006) for PM10. For inpatient visits, the RRs across quartiles of CO level were 1.00, 1.70, 1.92, and 1.86 (P-trend = 0.0001) in the child group. There were no significant linear associations between inpatient visits and air pollutants in other groups. Conclusions There were positive associations between CO levels and childhood inpatient visits as well as NO2, CO and PM10 and outpatient visits.
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Martin RA, Ather JL, Daggett R, Hoyt L, Alcorn JF, Suratt BT, Weiss DJ, Lundblad LKA, Poynter ME. The endogenous Th17 response in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease is dispensable for airway hyperresponsiveness and distinct from Th17 adoptive transfer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74730. [PMID: 24069338 PMCID: PMC3778003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe, glucocorticoid-resistant asthma comprises 5-7% of patients with asthma. IL-17 is a biomarker of severe asthma, and the adoptive transfer of Th17 cells in mice is sufficient to induce glucocorticoid-resistant allergic airway disease. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an environmental toxin that correlates with asthma severity, exacerbation, and risk of adverse outcomes. Mice that are allergically sensitized to the antigen ovalbumin by exposure to NO2 exhibit a mixed Th2/Th17 adaptive immune response and eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment to the airway following antigen challenge, a phenotype reminiscent of severe clinical asthma. Because IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling is critical in the generation of the Th17 response in vivo, we hypothesized that the IL-1R/Th17 axis contributes to pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease and manifests in glucocorticoid-resistant cytokine production. IL-17A neutralization at the time of antigen challenge or genetic deficiency in IL-1R resulted in decreased neutrophil recruitment to the airway following antigen challenge but did not protect against the development of AHR. Instead, IL-1R-/- mice developed exacerbated AHR compared to WT mice. Lung cells from NO2-allergically inflamed mice that were treated in vitro with dexamethasone (Dex) during antigen restimulation exhibited reduced Th17 cytokine production, whereas Th17 cytokine production by lung cells from recipient mice of in vitro Th17-polarized OTII T-cells was resistant to Dex. These results demonstrate that the IL-1R/Th17 axis does not contribute to AHR development in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease, that Th17 adoptive transfer does not necessarily reflect an endogenously-generated Th17 response, and that functions of Th17 responses are contingent on the experimental conditions in which they are generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Martin
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Ather
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Daggett
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Laura Hoyt
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - John F. Alcorn
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Benjamin T. Suratt
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Lennart K. A. Lundblad
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Matthew E. Poynter
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
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Martin RA, Ather JL, Lundblad LKA, Suratt BT, Boyson JE, Budd RC, Alcorn JF, Flavell RA, Eisenbarth SC, Poynter ME. Interleukin-1 receptor and caspase-1 are required for the Th17 response in nitrogen dioxide-promoted allergic airway disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 48:655-64. [PMID: 23371061 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0423oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an environmental pollutant and endogenously generated oxidant associated with the development, severity, and exacerbation of asthma. NO2 exposure is capable of allergically sensitizing mice to the innocuous inhaled antigen ovalbumin (OVA), promoting neutrophil and eosinophil recruitment, and a mixed Th2/Th17 response upon antigen challenge that is reminiscent of severe asthma. However, the identity of IL-17A-producing cells and the mechanisms governing their ontogeny in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease remain unstudied. We measured the kinetics of lung inflammation after antigen challenge in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease, including inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage and antigen-specific IL-17A production from the lung. We determined that IL-17A(+) cells were predominately CD4(+)T cell receptor (TCR)β(+) Th17 cells, and that a functional IL-1 receptor was required for Th17, but not Th2, cytokine production after in vitro antigen restimulation of lung cells. The absence of natural killer T cells, γδ T cells, or the inflammasome scaffold nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain (Nlrp)3 did not affect the development of NO2-promoted allergic inflammation or IL-17A production. Similarly, neutrophil depletion or the neutralization of IL-1α during sensitization exerted no effect on these parameters. However, the absence of caspase-1 significantly reduced IL-17A production from lung cells without affecting Th2 cytokines or lung inflammation. Finally, the intranasal administration of IL-1β and the inhalation of antigen promoted allergic sensitization that was reflected by neutrophilic airway inflammation and IL-17A production from CD4(+)TCRβ(+) Th17 cells subsequent to antigen challenge. These data implicate a role for caspase-1 and IL-1β in the IL-1 receptor-dependent Th17 response manifest in NO2-promoted allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Martin
- Vermont Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Delgado-Buenrostro NL, Freyre-Fonseca V, Cuéllar CMG, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Gutierrez-Cirlos EB, Cabellos-Avelar T, Orozco-Ibarra M, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Chirino YI. Decrease in respiratory function and electron transport chain induced by airborne particulate matter (PM10) exposure in lung mitochondria. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 41:628-38. [PMID: 23104767 DOI: 10.1177/0192623312463784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter, with a mean aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 µm (PM10), exposure is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The mechanism of cell damage induced by PM10 exposure is related to mitochondrial alterations. The aim of this work was to investigate the detailed alterations induced by PM10 on mitochondrial function. Since lung tissue is one of the most important targets of PM10 inhalation, isolated mitochondria from lung rat tissue were exposed to PM10 and structural alterations were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by respiratory control index (RCI), membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and activity of respiratory chain. Results showed that exposure to PM10 in isolated mitochondria from lung tissue caused enlarged intermembrane spaces and shape alterations, disruption of cristae, and the decrease in dense granules. Oxygraphic traces showed a concentration-dependent decrease in oxygen consumption and RCI. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP synthesis, and activity of complexes II and IV showed an increase and decrease, respectively, after PM10 exposure. PM10 exposure induced disruption in structure and function in isolated mitochondria from lung rat tissue.
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