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Li L, Chang R, Li J, Zhang H, Du X, Li J, Yuan GL. Assessing the impact of mining on cyclic and linear methylsiloxane distribution in Tibetan soils: Source contribution and transport pattern. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173542. [PMID: 38806123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The pervasive presence of methylsiloxanes (MSs), comprising linear and cyclic congeners, in the environment poses significant ecological risks, yet the understanding of their transport mechanisms and deposition patterns remains limited. This study analyzed the concentrations of 12 linear-MSs (L3-L14) and 7 cyclic-MSs (D3-D9) in 29 surface soil samples collected across varying altitudes (3726 to 4863 m) near the Jiama mining sector in Tibet, aiming to investigate the distribution and transport dynamics of MSs from the emission source. The distribution of total MS concentration (ranging from 50.1 to 593 ng/g) showed a remarkable correlation with proximity to the mining site, suggesting the emergent source of mining activities for the MSs in the remote environment of the Tibetan Plateau. Employing the innovative model of robust absolute principal component scores-robust geographically weighted regression (RAPCS-RGWR), the analysis predicted that the mining operations contributing 57.1 % of the total soil MSs, would significantly surpass contributions from traffic emissions (14.7 %), residential activities (13.2 %), and the environmental factor of total organic matter content (14.9 %). The Boltzmann equation effectively modeled the distribution pattern of soil MSs, highlighting atmospheric transport and gravitational settling as key distribution mechanisms. However, linear-MSs exhibited longer transport distances than cyclic-MSs and were more profoundly affected by prevailing wind directions, suggesting their differential environmental behaviors and risks. Our study underscored that the mining sector possibly emerged as a significant source of Tibetan MSs, and provided insights into the transport and fate of MSs in remote, high-altitude environments. The findings emphasize the need for targeted pollution control strategies to mitigate the environmental footprint of mining activities in Tibet and similar regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewei Li
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruwen Chang
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiping Li
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - He Zhang
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinyu Du
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guo-Li Yuan
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Tuncay G, Yuksekdag A, Mutlu BK, Koyuncu I. A review of greener approaches for rare earth elements recovery from mineral wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124379. [PMID: 38885830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The use of rare earth elements (REE) in many various fields, including high-tech products, increases the demand for these materials day by day. The production of REE from primary sources has expanded in response to increasing demand; however, due to its limited, a more sustainable supply is also started to offer for the REE demand by using secondary sources. The most commonly used metallurgical method for REE recovery is hydrometallurgical processes. However, it has some disadvantages, like pyrometallurgical methods. In the review, studies of the environmental impacts of REE production from primary sources and life cycle assessments of products containing REE were investigated. According to the results, it has been seen that those studies in the literature in which hydrometallurgical methods have changed to more environmentally friendly approaches have begun to increase. In this review, mine wastes, which are secondary sources, were defined, conventional methods of recovery of rare earth elements were discussed, greener approaches to the recovery of REE from these sources were comprehensively examined and studies in the literature were evaluated. Furthermore, it was stated that there are limited studies on green approaches and REE recovery from mineral wastes and that this field is developing with an emphasis on the current outlook and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tuncay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency (TENMAK) - Rare Earth Elements Research Institute (NATEN), Kahramankazan, 06980, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Yuksekdag
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Borte Kose Mutlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
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3
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Calas A, Schreck E, Viers J, Avellan A, Pages A, Dias-Alves M, Gardrat E, Behra P, Pont V. Air quality, metal(loid) sources identification and environmental assessment using (bio)monitoring in the former mining district of Salsigne (Orbiel valley, France). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141974. [PMID: 38615955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The former mining district of Salsigne is situated in the Orbiel valley. Until the 20th century, it was the first gold mine in Europe and the first arsenic mine in the world. Rehabilitation has been performed during the 20 years that followed closure of the mines and factories, which led to the accumulation of storage of several million tons of waste in this valley. Nevertheless, a detailed description of the air quality of this area is still missing. The goal of the present study is to evaluate atmospheric contamination in the valley and identify the potential sources of this contamination. Active monitors (particulate matter samplers) and passive bioindicators (Tillandsia usneoides) were placed in strategic sites including remote areas. Over the year 2022, we assessed the air quality using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, as well as environmental risk indicators to report the level of contamination. Results indicate that the overall air quality in the valley is good with PM10 levels in accordance with EU standards. Elemental concentrations in the exposed plants were lower than reported in the literature. Among the different sites studied, Nartau and La Combe du Saut, corresponding to waste storage and former mining industry sites, were the most affected. Chronic exposure over 1 year was highlighted for Fe, Ni, Cu, Pb, Sb and As. Pollution Load Index and Enrichment Factors, which provided valuable information to assess the environmental condition of the valley's air, suggested that dust and resuspension of anthropogenic materials were the principle sources for most of the elements. Finally, this study also highlights that using T. usneoides could be a convenient approach for biomonitoring of metal (loid)-rich particles in the atmosphere within a former mining area, for at least one year. These results in turn allow to better understand the effects of chronic exposure on the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Calas
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France.
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Viers
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Pages
- Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, 16 avenue Edouard Belin 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Dias-Alves
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gardrat
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Behra
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Pont
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
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4
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Fuentes-Alburquenque S, Olivencia Suez V, Aguilera O, Águila B, Rojas Araya L, Mandakovic D. A Highly Homogeneous Airborne Fungal Community around a Copper Open Pit Mine Reveals the Poor Contribution Made by the Local Aerosolization of Particles. Microorganisms 2024; 12:934. [PMID: 38792765 PMCID: PMC11123957 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi are ubiquitous and metabolically versatile. Their dispersion has important scientific, environmental, health, and economic implications. They can be dispersed through the air by the aerosolization of near surfaces or transported from distant sources. Here, we tested the contribution of local (scale of meters) versus regional (kilometers) sources by analyzing an airborne fungal community by ITS sequencing around a copper mine in the North of Chile. The mine was the regional source, whereas the soil and vegetal detritus were the local sources at each point. The airborne community was highly homogeneous at ca. 2000 km2, impeding the detection of regional or local contributions. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum in the three communities. Soil and vegetal detritus communities had lower alpha diversity, but some taxa had abundance patterns related to the distance from the mine and altitude. On the contrary, the air was compositionally even and unrelated to environmental or spatial factors, except for altitude. The presence of plant pathogens in the air suggests that other distant sources contribute to this region's airborne fungal community and reinforces the complexity of tracking the sources of air microbial communities in a real world where several natural and human activities coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Fuentes-Alburquenque
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile;
- Departamento de Matemáticas y Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Escuela de Ingeniaría Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Victoria Olivencia Suez
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba 8580745, Chile;
| | - Omayra Aguilera
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile;
| | - Blanca Águila
- Programa de Doctorado en Microbiología, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa 7800003, Chile;
- Fundación Ciencia y Vida, Huechuraba 8580704, Chile
| | - Luis Rojas Araya
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile;
| | - Dinka Mandakovic
- GEMA Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba 8580745, Chile;
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5
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Zanetta-Colombo NC, Scharnweber T, Christie DA, Manzano CA, Blersch M, Gayo EM, Muñoz AA, Fleming ZL, Nüsser M. When another one bites the dust: Environmental impact of global copper demand on local communities in the Atacama mining hotspot as registered by tree rings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170954. [PMID: 38365039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the impact of mining activity on the availability of environmental pollutants is crucial for informing health policies in anticipation of future production scenarios of critical minerals essential for the transition to a net-zero carbon society. However, temporal and spatial monitoring is often sparse, and measurements may not extend far enough back in time. In this study, we utilize variations of chemical elements contained in tree-rings collected in local villages from an area heavily affected by copper mining in the Atacama Desert since the early 20th century to evaluate the temporal distribution of pollutants and their relationship with local drivers. By combining time-varying data on local drivers, such as copper production and the dry tailings deposit area, we show how the surge in copper production during the 1990s, fueled by trade liberalization and increased international demand, led to a significant increment in the availability of metal(loid)s related to mining activities on indigenous lands. Our findings suggest that the environmental legislation in Chile may be underestimating the environmental impact of tailing dams in neighboring populations, affecting the well-being of Indigenous Peoples from the Atacama mining hotspot region. We argue that future changes in production rates driven by international demand could have negative repercussions on the environment and local communities. Therefore, mining emissions and the management of tailing dams should be carefully considered to anticipate their potential negative effects on human and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás C Zanetta-Colombo
- Department of Geography, SAI, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Center for the Environment (HCE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Scharnweber
- DendroGreif, Working Group Landscape Ecology and Ecosystem Dynamics, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Duncan A Christie
- Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Instituto de Conservación Biodiversidad y Territorio, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Parque Etnobotánico Omora, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos A Manzano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mario Blersch
- Department of Geography - Research Group for Earth Observation (rgeo), Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eugenia M Gayo
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel A Muñoz
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Estudios Ambientales, Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Zoë L Fleming
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)(2), Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías para la Sociedad, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcus Nüsser
- Department of Geography, SAI, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Center for the Environment (HCE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Li L, Wu B, Guo S, Hu E, Zhang Y, Sun L, Li S. Multipath diffusion process and spatial accumulation simulation of Cd in lead-zinc mining areas. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133461. [PMID: 38211526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This study combined process simulation and actual measurement to construct a multipath diffusion and spatial accumulation model of Cd in a typical lead-zinc mining area through accuracy and root mean square error(RMSE) analysis. The results indicated that (1) the diffusion of Cd was in a quadratic inverse proportional relationship with the distance from the pollution source within watershed. The average annual atmospheric Cd sedimentation in study area was 0.71 * 10-6 g and the contribution of runoff diffusion to Cd exceeded 80%. (2) With the increase in the concentration range of Cd content (k) carried by unit runoff sediment, the model accuracy and RMSE showed decreasing trends. However, when the lower and upper limits of k were 10% and 90%, the model accuracy reached 75%. (3) Two sub-watersheds with same dominant wind direction but different runoff directions were selected to verify the model accuracy, indicating that the model construction method can precisely simulate the spatial accumulation of Cd in similar mining areas. The results provide a scientific basis for the prevention of heavy metal diffusion in lead-zinc mines. Future research should focus on the migration pathways of heavy metals through vertical infiltration caused by rainfall to further optimise the model structure and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Shuhai Guo
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Enzhu Hu
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Sciences, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Institute of Resources and Environmental Sciences, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Shuqi Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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7
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Han Y, Gao T, Li X, Wāng Y. Didactical approaches and insights into environmental processes and cardiovascular hazards of arsenic contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141381. [PMID: 38360414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, as a metalloid, has the ability to move and transform in different environmental media. Its widespread contamination has become a significant environmental problem and public concern. Arsenic can jeopardize multiple organs through various pathways, influenced by environmental bioprocesses. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current research on the cardiovascular hazards of arsenic. A bibliometric analysis revealed that there are 376 papers published in 145 journals, involving 40 countries, 631 institutions, and 2093 authors, all focused on arsenic-related concerns regarding cardiovascular health. China and the U.S. have emerged as the central hubs of collaborative relationships and have the highest number of publications. Hypertension and atherosclerosis are the most extensively studied topics, with redox imbalance, apoptosis, and methylation being the primary mechanistic clues. Cardiovascular damage caused by arsenic includes arrhythmia, cardiac remodeling, vascular leakage, and abnormal angiogenesis. However, the current understanding is still inadequate over cardiovascular impairments, underlying mechanisms, and precautionary methods of arsenic, thus calling an urgent need for further studies to bridge the gap between environmental processes and arsenic hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tiantian Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaozhi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yán Wāng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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8
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Hu S, Xiong X, Li X, Chang J, Wang M, Xu D, Pan A, Zhou W. Spatial distribution characteristics, risk assessment and management strategies of tailings ponds in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169069. [PMID: 38056668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The tailings ponds (TPS) stemming from mineral resource exploitation are becoming a global challenge due to their high hazards and pollution to the surrounding area. However, previous studies on China's tailings ponds have either focused on a single or few areas, or the number of tailings ponds varies greatly. A systematic assessment of the number, distribution characteristics, potential risks and management strategies of the tailings pond in China is lacking. This study obtained the latest list of tailings ponds in China up to the end of 2022 based on official information and assessed their spatial distribution characteristics, environmental risk and management strategies simultaneously. The results demonstrated that the distribution of TPS in China is relatively clustered and multiple factors affected the spatial distribution of TPS in China, which were concentrated in areas with low economic and population density, convenient transportation, and a developed water system. The risk assessment suggested that 1803 TPS had large or significant environmental risks, which were mainly distributed in Yunnan, Hunan, Shaanxi and Jiangxi provinces. To solve the problem of tailings ponds from the source, the key point of tailings pond management in China should be adjusted from the prevention of pollution or dam break accidents to the full resource utilization of tailings. In summary, this study will provide a scientific basis for the risk control of TPS and an innovative idea for the management of other solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaohu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jie Chang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Aifang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Weijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AMS Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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9
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Adhikari S, Struwig M. Concentrations and health risks of selected elements in leafy vegetables: a comparison between roadside open-air markets and large stores in Johannesburg, South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:170. [PMID: 38236350 PMCID: PMC10796695 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study compared concentrations and health risks of selected elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in leafy vegetables (coriander, lettuce, mint, spring onion, swiss chard) from roadside open-air markets (OM) and large stores (supermarkets: SM, vegetable markets: VM) in Johannesburg, South Africa. Along with washed leaves (OMW, SMW, VMW), unwashed OM leaves (OMUW) were assessed to investigate the contribution of deposition. The findings revealed that OMUW leaves had the highest concentrations of all elements. Furthermore, compared with washed leaves, OMUW leaves showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) mean concentrations of Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb, elements that typify the composition of polluted urban air. Bi- and multivariate analysis indicated anthropogenic origin of most elements in OM leaves and several in SMW and VMW leaves. Although only OMUW leaves exhibited hazard quotient above the safe threshold of 1 for Cd, Cr, As and Ni, hazard index exceeded this safe limit in all samples (OMUW (11.77) > OMW (1.83) > SMW (1.29) > VMW (1.01)). Determined cancer risk for Cd and As was greater than 1 × 10-6 in both washed and unwashed leaves, and the greatest cancer risk was estimated for OM leaves. Thorough washing of OM vegetables with water reduced non-carcinogenic risk (84%) and cancer risk (74‒87%) markedly. In conclusion, residents primarily relying on open-air markets for their regular leafy vegetable supplies might face far more severe lifelong health implications compared to customers of large stores in Johannesburg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Adhikari
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2790, South Africa.
| | - Madeleen Struwig
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2790, South Africa
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10
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Zhu Y, Liu C, Huo J, Li H, Chen J, Duan Y, Huang K. A novel calibration method for continuous airborne metal measurements: Implications for aerosol source apportionment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168274. [PMID: 37924870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Continuous metal monitors have been widely used in environmental monitoring due to the high temporal resolution, high detection limit, and necessity for near real-time source apportionment. However, the reliability of the conventional calibration method, the deviation caused by uncalibrated monitoring data, and the subsequent impact on source identification results are rarely discussed. In this study, a reliable multi-point calibration approach by Primary Standard Aerosol Mass Concentration Calibration System (PAMAS) for the Xact625i Ambient Metals Monitor was developed and applied. The measured data was almost meaningless in the low-concentration range with bias even exceeding 100 % by using the conventional single-point calibration method based on thin-film standards. PAMAS was utilized to generate aerosols with known concentrations of the 20 metal elements including Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, and Bi, in two concentration ranges of 150-1200 ng m-3 and 2.5-30 ng m-3 to validate the Xact625i Monitor. The results showed that the elemental concentrations were underestimated, especially in the low-concentration range, only for Cr, As, and Sr with slopes close to unity (1.00 ± 0.03). After calibration by PAMAS, the slopes of the linear relationships between measured and standard concentrations were all unity for the 19 elements in the high-concentration range, and close to unity for the 15 elements in the low-concentration range, and the accuracy of the remaining elements was also improved. After considering the calibration of aerosol metal data, it was found the number of source factors and their contributions to metals and PM2.5 in Chongming Dongtan, China, based on the PMF model significantly changed. This study highlighted the need of developing reliable calibration methods for online aerosol monitoring instruments and implied that the source apportionment results could be biased without careful data calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhu
- Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengfeng Liu
- Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Juntao Huo
- State Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hao Li
- Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yusen Duan
- State Ecologic Environmental Scientific Observation and Research Station for Dianshan Lake, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kan Huang
- Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 202162, China.
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11
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Minkina T, Fedorenko G, Nevidomskaya D, Fedorenko A, Sushkova S, Mandzhieva S, Chaplygin V, Litvinov Y, Ghazaryan K, Movsesyan H, Popov Y, Rensing C, Rajput VD, Wong MH. Biogeochemical and microscopic studies of soil and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. plants affected by coal mine dumps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:406-421. [PMID: 38015398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Developed areas of the coal industry are subjected to long-term anthropogenic impacts from the input and accumulation of overburdened coal material, containing potentially toxic heavy metals and metalloids (HMM). For the first time, comprehensive studies of soils and plants in the territory of the Donetsk coal basin were carried out using X-ray fluorescence, atomic absorption analysis, and electron microscopy. The observed changes in the soil redox conditions were characterized by a high sulfur content, and formations of new microphases of S-containing compounds: FeS2, PbFe6(SO4)4(OH)12, ZnSO4·nH2O, revealed the presence of technogenic salinization, increased Сorg content, and low pH contents. Exceedances of soil maximum permissible concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and As in areas affected by coal dumps were apparent. As a consequence of long-term transformation of the environment with changes in properties and chemical pollution, a phytotoxic effect was revealed in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud, accompanied by changes in ultrastructural and organization features of roots and leaves such as increases in root diameters and thickness of leaf blades. The changes in the ultrastructure of cell organelles: a violation of the grana formation process, an increase in the number of plastoglobules, a decrease in the number of mitochondrial cristae, and a reduction in the electron density of the matrix in peroxisomes were also observed. The accumulation of large electron-dense inclusions and membrane fragments in cell vacuoles was observed. Such ultrastructural changes may indicate the existence of a P. australis ecotype due to its long-term adaptation to the disturbed environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grigoriy Fedorenko
- Federal Research Center, the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuri Popov
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | - Ming H Wong
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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12
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Soto-Jiménez MF, Roos-Muñoz S, Soto-Morales S, Gómez-Lizarrága LE, Bucio-Galindo L. Environmental and health implications of Pb-bearing particles in settled urban dust from an arid city affected by Pb-Zn factory emissions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21287. [PMID: 38042928 PMCID: PMC10693616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-rich particles originating from non-ferrous metallurgical activities are the primary source of atmospheric metals in urban environments. These particles vary in size, morphology, and elemental compositions and they undergo weathering processes that alter their composition and affect their toxicity. This study focuses on lead (Pb)-rich particles in settled urban dust within an arid and dusty city, Torreón in North Mexico, affected by Met-Mex Peñoles complex, one of the world's largest Ag-Cd-Pb-Zn smelting and refining facilities in operating since 1901. Torreón is characterized by arid conditions, temperature fluctuations, and low humidity. Dry atmospheric particles were collected in 2015 and 2017 from Torreón's urban area within a 3 km radius of the Met-Mex Peñoles complex. We used various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to determine the size, morphology, elemental composition and mineralogy of Pb-bearing particles. Our analysis revealed a range of Pb-bearing particle sizes and morphologies with varying Pb (0.3 to 51-87.2%) and other element contents, such as As (0.04 to 1-3.4%), Cd (0.4 to 3.3-5.1%), Cu (0.51-14.1%), Hg (ND-0.6%), and Zn (1.7 to 79-90.3%). XRD analysis confirmed the presence of Pb and Zn sulfides, Pb carbonates, Pb sulfate, and Pb oxides in urban dust, both as individual particles and agglomerates. Primary Pb minerals were linked to fugitive feed concentrates and smelter flue gas at Met-Mex Peñoles, while secondary Pb minerals, like Pb carbonates, Pb sulfate, and Pb oxides, resulted from direct emissions and weathering processes. Compared to galena, secondary Pb minerals exhibit higher chemical availability in the environment, posing greater risks to the environment and human health. As the particles analyzed are presumed to be resuspended rather than freshly emitted by Met-Mex, the presence of secondary Pb minerals in settled urban dust is predominantly linked to weathering processes. The physical and chemical transformations in Pb-rich particles contribute to increased Pb bioavailability and toxicity in urban dust, with substantial implications for environmental and human health. These findings highlight the potential consequences of weathered Pb-rich particle in urban areas, particularly in the arid and dusty city of Torreón.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Soto-Jiménez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México.
| | - S Roos-Muñoz
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - S Soto-Morales
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - L E Gómez-Lizarrága
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
| | - L Bucio-Galindo
- Laboratorio de Cristalografía y Materiales Naturales, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
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13
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Ettler V, Raus K, Mihaljevič M, Kříbek B, Vaněk A, Penížek V, Sracek O, Koubová M, Mapani B. Bioaccessible metals in dust materials from non-sulfide Zn deposit and related hydrometallurgical operation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140498. [PMID: 37866499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Mining and processing of ores in arid (desert) areas generates high amounts of dust, which might be enriched in potentially harmful elements. We studied dust fractions of ores, soils, and technological materials from mining and related hydrometallurgical operation at former Skorpion Zinc non-sulfide Zn deposit in southern Namibia (closed and placed under maintenance in 2020). Chemical and mineralogical investigation was combined with oral bioaccessibility testing of fine dust fractions (<48 μm and <10 μm) in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) to assess potential risk of intake of metallic contaminants (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) for staff operating in the area. The bulk metals concentrations were largely variable and ranked as follows: soils < tailings ≪ Skorpion ores < imported ores and dross used for feed ore blending. Maximum contaminant concentrations in the original granular materials were 927 mg Cd/kg, 9150 mg Cu/kg, 50 g Pb/kg and 706 g Zn/kg, respectively, and generally increased as a function of decreasing grain size. The highest bioaccessible concentrations of Cd and Pb yielded imported ores from Taiwan and Turkey and, together with the milled dross, these samples also exhibited the highest Zn bioaccessibilities. The exposure estimates calculated for a worker (weighing 70 kg) in this mining/ore processing operation at a dust ingestion rate of 100 mg/day indicated that most dust samples (soils, tailings, Skorpion ores) exhibited metals intake values far below tolerable daily intake limits. The overall health risk was limited in all mining and ore processing areas except for the ore blending area, where imported ores and recycled dross enriched in bioaccessible Cd, Pb and/or Zn were used for the ore blending. Safety measures required by the mine operator (wearing of masks by the operating staff) helped to prevent the staff's exposure to potentially contaminated dust even in this blending ore area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Ettler
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Raus
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mihaljevič
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Bohdan Kříbek
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, 152 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Vaněk
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Penížek
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondra Sracek
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Koubová
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, 152 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Ben Mapani
- Department of Mining and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 13388, Windhoek, Namibia
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14
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da Silva CB, Silva L, Debia NP, Chaves OA, Lüdtke DS, Rodembusch FS. Photoactive glycoconjugates with a very large Stokes shift: synthesis, photophysics, and copper(II) and BSA sensing. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9242-9254. [PMID: 37966045 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01388j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis of novel glycoconjugates by connecting benzazole and carbohydrate units with a 1,2,3-triazole linker. A simple synthetic route employing a copper(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) was utilized. The synthesized compounds exhibit excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), resulting in longer wavelength emission with a significantly large Stokes shift (∼10 000 cm-1). These compounds show potential as chemical sensors due to their ability to detect Cu2+ ions, causing a decrease in fluorescence emission (turn-off effect). Additionally, they demonstrate strong interaction with proteins, exemplified by their interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Brito da Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada. Instituto de Química (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luana Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Natalí Pires Debia
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Otávio Augusto Chaves
- CQC-IMS, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Pesquisa, Inovação e Vigilância em COVID-19 e Emergências Sanitárias (CPIV), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil 4036 - Bloco 2, 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
| | - Diogo Seibert Lüdtke
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fotoquímica Orgânica Aplicada. Instituto de Química (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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15
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Parente CET, Carvalho GO, Lino AS, Sabagh LT, Azeredo A, Freitas DFS, Ramos VS, Teixeira C, Meire RO, Ferreira Filho VJM, Malm O. First assessment of atmospheric pollution by trace elements and particulate matter after a severe collapse of a tailings dam, Minas Gerais, Brazil: An insight into biomonitoring with Tillandsia usneoides and a public health dataset. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116435. [PMID: 37331556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, samples of bromeliad Tillandsia usneoides (n = 70) were transplanted and exposed for 15 and 45 days in 35 outdoor residential areas in Brumadinho (Minas Gerais state, Brazil) after one of the most severe mining dam collapses in the world. Trace elements aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. Scanning electron microscope generated surface images of T. usneoides fragments and particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and PM > 10). Aluminum, Fe and Mn stood out from the other elements reflecting the regional geological background. Median concentrations in mg kg-1 increased (p < 0.05) between 15 and 45 days for Cr (0.75), Cu (1.23), Fe (474) and Mn (38.1), while Hg (0.18) was higher at 15 days. The exposed-to-control ratio revealed that As and Hg increased 18.1 and 9.4-fold, respectively, not showing a pattern associated only with the most impacted sites. The PM analysis points to a possible influence of the prevailing west wind on the increase of total particles, PM2.5 and PM10 in transplant sites located to the east. Brazilian public health dataset revealed increase in cases of some cardiovascular and respiratory diseases/symptoms in Brumadinho in the year of the dam collapse (1.38 cases per 1000 inhabitants), while Belo Horizonte capital and its metropolitan region recorded 0.97 and 0.37 cases, respectively. Although many studies have been carried out to assess the consequences of the tailings dam failure, until now atmospheric pollution had not yet been evaluated. Furthermore, based on our exploratory analysis of human health dataset, epidemiological studies are required to verify possible risk factors associated with the increase in hospital admissions in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio E T Parente
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Núcleo Prof. Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável - SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel O Carvalho
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Núcleo Prof. Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável - SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adan S Lino
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências (Geoquímica), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro T Sabagh
- Núcleo Prof. Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável - SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Azeredo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniela F S Freitas
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor S Ramos
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, 20940-903, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Teixeira
- Núcleo Prof. Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável - SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo O Meire
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Virgílio José M Ferreira Filho
- Núcleo Prof. Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável - SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Olaf Malm
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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16
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Zeider K, Manjón I, Betterton EA, Sáez AE, Sorooshian A, Ramírez-Andreotta MD. Backyard aerosol pollution monitors: foliar surfaces, dust enrichment, and factors influencing foliar retention. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1200. [PMID: 37700111 PMCID: PMC10636967 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the leading causes of death from noncommunicable diseases globally, and in Arizona, both mining activities and abandoned agriculture can generate erodible dust. This dust is transported via wind and can carry high amounts of toxic pollutants. Industry-adjacent communities, or "fenceline communities," are generally closer to the pollution sources and are disproportionally impacted by pollution, or in this case, dust. The dust transported from the mine settles into nearby rivers, gardens, and homes, and increases the concentrations of elements beyond their naturally occurring amounts (i.e., enriched). This study was built upon previous community science work in which plant leaves were observed to collect similar concentrations to an accepted dust collection method and illustrated promise for their use as low-cost air quality monitors in these communities. This work investigated the concentration of Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Ba in dust from the leaves of community-collected backyard and garden plants (foliar dust), as well as if certain variables affected collection efficacy. This assessment evaluated (1) foliar concentration versus surface area for 11 elements, (2) enrichment factor (EF) values and ratios, (3) comparisons of foliar, garden, and yard samples to US Geological Survey data, and (4) what variable significantly affected dust collection efficacy. The EF results indicate that many of the samples were enriched (anthropogenically contaminated) and that the foliar samples were generally more contaminated than the yard and garden soil samples. Leaf surface area was the most influential factor for leaf collection efficiency (p < 0.05) compared to plant family or sampling location. Further studies are needed that standardize the plant species and age and include multiple replicates of the same plant species across partnering communities. This study has demonstrated that foliar dust is enriched in the participating partnering communities and that plant leaf samples can serve as backyard aerosol pollution monitors. Therefore, foliar dust is a viable indicator of outdoor settled dust and aerosol contamination and this is an adoptable monitoring technique for "fenceline communities."
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Zeider
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Iliana Manjón
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eric A Betterton
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, 1177 E Fourth Street, Rm. 429, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - A Eduardo Sáez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, 1177 E Fourth Street, Rm. 429, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Mónica D Ramírez-Andreotta
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health's Division of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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17
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Jiang W, Meng L, Liu F, Sheng Y, Chen S, Yang J, Mao H, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ning H. Distribution, source investigation, and risk assessment of topsoil heavy metals in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model coupled with self-organizing map (SOM). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6353-6370. [PMID: 37310651 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, heavy metal (HMs) contamination in soil environments has become severe worldwide. However, their resulting ecological and health risks remained elusive across a variety of soil ecosystems due to the complicated distributions and sources. This study investigated the HMs (Cr, As, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Hg) in areas with multi-mineral resources and intensive agricultural activities to study their distribution and source apportionment using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model coupled with self-organizing map (SOM). The potential ecological and health risks were assessed in terms of distinct sources of HMs. The results disclosed that the spatial distribution of HM contaminations in the topsoil was region-dependent, primarily located in areas with high population intensity. The geo‑accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) values collectively displayed that the topsoils were severely contaminated by Hg, Cu, and Pb, particularly in residential farmland areas. The comprehensive analysis combined with PMF and SOM identified both geogenic and anthropogenic sources of HMs including natural, agricultural, mining, and mixed sources (caused by multi-anthropogenic factors), accounting for 24.9%, 22.6%, 45.9%, and 6.6% contribution rates, respectively. The potential ecological risk was predominantly due to the enrichment of Hg, followed by Cd. The non-carcinogenic risks were mostly below the acceptable risk level, while the potential carcinogenic health risks caused by As and Cr should be paid prime attention to, particularly for children. In addition to the 40% geogenic sources, agricultural activities contributed to 30% of the non-carcinogenic risk, whereas mining activities contributed to nearly half of the carcinogenic health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Jiang
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Lishan Meng
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Futian Liu
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Sheming Chen
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China.
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Jilong Yang
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Hairu Mao
- School of Water Resources & Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Hang Ning
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Center of Geoscience Innovation, North China, Tianjin, 300170, China
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18
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Li H, Yao J, Min N, Sunahara G, Duran R. New insights on the effect of non-ferrous metal mining and smelting activities on microbial activity characteristics and bacterial community structure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131301. [PMID: 37043852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mining and smelting activities have brought potentially serious heavy metal(loid)s pollution to their surrounding locale. However, studies on microbial metabolic activities, community structure, and adaptation in soils proximal to non-ferrous metal mining and smelting areas are still lacking. Here the effects of biotic and abiotic characteristics of soil taken from sites surrounding inactive and active non-ferrous metal mine smelting facilities on microbial enzyme activity, microcalorimetry, and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene barcoding were studied. Data indicated that the soils were heavily polluted by toxic metal(loid)s, of which As and Cd were the main contaminants. Microbial acid phosphatase activity and microcalorimetric total heat value were sensitive metabolic indicators in the studied areas. Actinobacteriota had the highest relative abundance, followed by Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria. Microbial metabolic activity, bacterial community structure and phenotype varied between inactive and active sites (p < 0.05). Such analyses indicated that electrical conductivity, total As, Cu, and Mn contents, and bioavailable As, Cu, Cd, and Mn concentrations were key factors determining microbial activities, bacterial community structure, and phenotypes. Knowledge of microbial adaptation to heavy metal stressors is important for better understanding the aerial transfer of fugitive heavy metal(loid)s (and possibly microbes) and for designing future strategies for improved soil bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Ning Min
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China; Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, IPREM 5254, BP 1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France
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19
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Palawat K, Root RA, Cortez LI, Foley T, Carella V, Beck C, Ramírez-Andreotta MD. Patterns of contamination and burden of lead and arsenic in rooftop harvested rainwater collected in Arizona environmental justice communities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 337:117747. [PMID: 37019054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As climate change exacerbates water scarcity, rainwater harvesting for household irrigation and gardening becomes an increasingly common practice. However, the use and quality of harvested rainwater are not well studied, and the potential pollutant exposures associated with its use are generally unknown. There are currently no federal standards in the United States to assess metal(loid)s in harvested rainwater. Project Harvest, a community science research project, was created to address this knowledge gap and study the quality of harvested rainwater, primarily used for irrigation, in four environmental justice communities in Arizona, USA. Community scientists collected 577 unique rooftop harvested rainwater samples from 2017 to 2020, which were analyzed for metal(loid)s, where arsenic (As) concentrations ranged from 0.108 to 120 μg L-1 and lead (Pb) concentrations ranged from 0.013 to 350 μg L-1 and compared to relevant federal/state standards/recommendations. Community As and Pb concentrations decreased as: Hayden/Winkelman > Tucson > Globe/Miami > Dewey-Humboldt. Linear mixed models were used to analyze rooftop harvested rainwater data and results indicated that concentrations of As and Pb in the summer monsoon were significantly greater than winter; and contamination was significantly greater closer to extractive industrial sites in three of the four study communities (ASARCO Hayden Plant Superfund Alternative site in Hayden/Winkelman, Davis-Monthan United States Air Force Base in Tucson - Pb only, and Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold Mine in Globe/Miami). Based on models, infrastructure such as proximity to roadway, roof material, presence of a cistern screen, and first-flush systems were not significant with respect to As and Pb when controlling for relevant spatiotemporal variables; whereas, cistern age was associated with Pb concentrations. These results however, indicate that concentrations vary seasonally and by proximity to industrial activity, not by decisions made regarding collection system infrastructures at the individual home level. This study shows that generally, individuals are not responsible for environmental contamination of rooftop harvested rainwater, rather activities and decisions of government and corporate industries control contaminant release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Palawat
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robert A Root
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Theresa Foley
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Inc., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Victoria Carella
- Resident of Globe, AZ, USA; Mother Eagle Shamanic Center, Globe, AZ, USA
| | - Charles Beck
- Resident of Globe, AZ, USA; Space Mission Earth, Globe, AZ, USA
| | - Mónica D Ramírez-Andreotta
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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20
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Cui H, Hu K, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Zhu Z, Liang J, Li D, Zhou J, Zhou J. Impacts of atmospheric copper and cadmium deposition on the metal accumulation of camphor leaves and rings around a large smelter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27675-x. [PMID: 37193791 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The atmospheric deposition of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) was monitored in eight sites around a Cu smelter with similar distance to verify whether tree leaf and ring can be used as bio-indicators to track spatial pollution record. Results showed that total atmospheric deposition of Cu (103-1215 mg/m2/year) and Cd (3.57-11.2 mg/m2/year) were 4.73-66.6 and 3.15-12.2 times higher than those in background site (164 mg/m2/year and 0.93 mg/m2/year). The frequencies of wind directions significantly influenced the atmospheric deposition of Cu and Cd, and the highest atmospheric deposition of Cu and Cd were at the prevalent northeastern wind (JN), and low frequency south (WJ) and north (SW) winds for the lowest deposition fluxes. Since the bioavailability of Cd was higher than that of Cu, the atmospheric deposition of Cd was more easily adsorbed by tree leaf and ring, resulting in only significant relation between atmospheric Cd deposition and Cinnamomum camphora leaves and tree ring Cd. Although tree rings cannot correctly record the atmospheric Cu and Cd deposition, higher concentrations in the indigenous tree rings than the transplanted tree rings suggested that tree rings can reflect to some extent the variations of atmospheric deposition. Generally, spatial pollution of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals cannot reflect the distribution of soil total and available metals around the smelter, and only camphor leaf and tree ring can bio-indicate Cd deposition. A major implication of these findings is that leaf and tree ring can serve for biomonitoring purposes to assess the spatial distribution of atmospheric deposition metal with high bioavailability around a pollution source with similar distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Cui
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Kaixin Hu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Zhenqiu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiani Liang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Detian Li
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
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21
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Li H, Yao J, Sunahara G, Min N, Li C, Duran R. Quantifying ecological and human health risks of metal(loid)s pollution from non-ferrous metal mining and smelting activities in Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162364. [PMID: 36828070 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The environmental release and transfer of heavy metal(loids) from natural and anthropogenic sources to neighboring habitats can pose an ecological threat to the exposed biota and habitat, as well as a human health risk to the residents. However, analytical tools to identify the potential contamination source(s) and assess the impact of this transfer have not been well described. Soil samples were collected from affected areas proximal to non-ferrous metal(loid)s mining and smelting facilities. Two integrated assessment methods, based on soil total metal(loid) content, included: (1) the potential ecological risk index combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF) and (2) human health risk assessment combined with PMF. Results indicated that there were four generic sources of pollution (based on PMF analyses of 115 replicated samples collected from four study areas): agricultural and industrial activities, traffic emissions, and natural sources. For ecological risk, the contribution of these metal(loid)s pollution sources were industrial activities (20.34-70.76 %), traffic emissions (18.73-56.93 %), natural sources (3.69-27.02 %), and agricultural activities (3.79-21.43 %). Health risks were higher for children than for adults. Industrial activity was a major source of non-carcinogenic risk to children (32.10-74.62 %) and adults (31.33-73.78 %), and carcinogenic risk to children (22.53-67.27 %) and adults (20.69-64.76 %). Total metal analysis indicated that As and Cd were highly enriched in the soil, but chemical fractionation revealed low As mobility. Total Cd and possibly As were the main pollutants causing the ecological risks at these contaminated sites. This study demonstrates that ecological and human health risks could be quantified to prioritize the pollution sources for reasonable contaminated site risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111, Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Ning Min
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Robert Duran
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China; Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France
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22
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Lidman J, Olid C, Bigler C, Berglund ÅMM. Effect of past century mining activities on sediment properties and toxicity to freshwater organisms in northern Sweden. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162097. [PMID: 36764540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The release of toxic metals from local mining activities often represents a severe environmental hazard for nearby lake ecosystems. Previous studies on the impact of mining have primarily focused on single lakes, with less emphasis on spatial and temporal recovery patterns of multiple lakes within the same catchment, but with different hydrological connection and distance to the pollutant source. This knowledge gap prevents us from assessing the real environmental risk of abandoned mines and understanding ecosystem recovery. This study explores the intensity and spatial patterns of sediment contamination and the potential for ecosystem recovery in three lakes in close vicinity of a lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) mine in Sweden that has been inoperative for >20 years. Dated (210Pb and 137Cs) sediment cores from each lake were used to reconstruct temporal patterns in trace element deposition and relate those with past mining activities. Results show that all lakes were affected by mining, indicated by increasing Pb and Zn concentrations and decreasing organic matter content, at the onset of mining. However, the extent and timing of mining impact differed between lakes, which was partly ascribed to differences in the historical use of tailings and settling ponds. Assessment of toxicity levels in sediments, based on normalized Probable Effect Concentration Quotient (PEC-Q) to organic matter content, provided more consistent results with the historical mining than conventional methods, showing a decreasing impact in lakes once the operations ceased. Still, sediment Pb concentrations were > 10 times higher than pre-mining values, evidencing the urgent need for remediation actions in the study lakes. This study highlights the importance of considering spatial heterogeneity in metal deposition, sediment organic matter content, and hydrological connectivity with tailings when risk assessments are performed in mining-impacted lakes. The use of normalized PEC-Q in toxic assessments is also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lidman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carolina Olid
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Forestry and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, University of Barcelona, ES-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Christian Bigler
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Åsa M M Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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23
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Sultana Z, Rehman MYA, Khan HK, Malik RN. Health risk assessment associated with heavy metals through fractioned dust from coal and chromite mines in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1617-1633. [PMID: 35552963 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals exposure through dust emissions pose a health risk to workers in coal and chromite mines. The processes involved in mining are noteworthy for the generation of heavy metal-contaminated dust which causes human health implications, especially to the workers that are mainly exposed to such toxins. This study determined pollution levels in coal and chromite mines and calculated the health risk of workers being exposed to heavy metal-contaminated dust. We used fractioned dust with particle sizes < 75, 75-106, and 107-150 µm to assess the pollution levels, anthropogenic impacts, geo-accumulation index, and enrichment factor for selected coal and chromite mines. Through a probabilistic approach, Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine health risks. The findings revealed that the smallest size dust fraction (< 75 μm) contained the highest metal concentrations. Ingestion was considered a prominent exposure route contributing to health risk. In the dust fraction (< 75 μm), chromite mines exhibited the highest Cr (340.6 mg/kg) and lowest Cd (8.4 mg/kg) concentrations. In coal mines, Mn (284.9 mg/kg) and Cd (2.1 mg/kg) were measured highest and lowest, respectively. Pollution assessment revealed dust to be moderately polluted. Health risk assessment showed that Cr in chromite mines exhibited a mean HI value of 1.16E + 00 that was higher than the safe level (HI > 1) having the potential to cause significant health risk to workers. In coal mines, the estimated total HI was 6E-1. Sensitivity analysis revealed concentration and exposure time to be the most influential parameters contributing to risk. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental organizations must develop dust pollution control guidelines and mitigation measures to safeguard the health of mineworkers by limiting heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hudda Khaleeq Khan
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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24
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Zeng F, Jiang Z. Spatial and temporal evolution of mine dust research: visual knowledge mapping analysis in Web of Science from 2001 to 2021. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62170-62200. [PMID: 36940022 PMCID: PMC10025797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dust pollution control is the basic guarantee of mine safety production, which has been widely concerned by scholars. Based on a total of 1786 publications collected by the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) from 2001 to 2021, this paper analyzes the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics, hot topics, and frontier trends of the international mine dust field during the past 20 years by using Citespace and VOSviewer knowledge graph technology. The research shows that the study of mine dust can be divided into three stages: initial period (2001 ~ 2008), stable transition period (2009 ~ 2016), and boom period (2017 ~ 2021). The journals and disciplines which belong to mine dust research mainly focus on environmental science and engineering technology. A stable core group of authors and institutions have been preliminarily formed in the dust research field. The main themes of the study contained the whole process of mine dust generation, transport, prevention, and control, as well as the consequences of disaster. At present, the hot research fields mainly focus on mine dust particle pollution, multi-stage dust prevention, and emission reduction technologies, and mine occupational protection, monitoring, and early warning. In the future, the research should focus on the mechanism of dust production and transportation, the theory of efficient prevention and control, the technology and equipment of precise prevention and control of dust, and the high-precision monitoring and early warning of dust concentration. Future research should be concerned with dust control in underground mines and deep concave open-pit mines with complicated and treacherous environments, and strengthen research institutions, interdisciplinary cooperation, and interaction so as to promote the integration and application of mine dust and automation, information, and intelligent technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabin Zeng
- School of Civil & Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Zhongan Jiang
- School of Civil & Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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25
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Baieta R, Ettler V, Vaněk A, Drahota P, Kříbek B, Nyambe I, Mihaljevič M. Smelter-derived soil contamination in Luanshya, Zambia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161405. [PMID: 36621473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extensive mining and smelting contributed to the declining quality of Luanshya soils. The local smelter was the epicenter of contamination as shown by a spatial distribution analysis. Closeby soil profiles smelter exhibit extremely high Cu concentrations (up to 46,000 mg kg-1 Cu) relative to deeper layers where only background levels of trace elements were observed. A remote profile did not exhibit significant contamination. Lead isotopic ratios revealed that Pb contamination in the Luanshya soils was not smelter-derived. It was shown in this way that the historical usage of leaded gasoline was the main source of this metal. Although the Luanshya smelter also produced Co, this metal was not an important contaminant. Copper leaching was a concern in Luanshya. Upwards of 52 % of Cu was extractable in the exchangeable step of a sequential extraction procedure (SEP), but only for samples where Cu concentrations were high, suggesting that Cu was released exclusively from anthropogenic particles. This was supported by the SEP results for similar depths at the remote soil, where only a small fraction of Cu was labile (5.6 %). Lead and Co were strongly bound in the soils throughout. The excess of Cu in the topsoils was mostly bound in smelter-derived particles. These appeared as spherical fast-cooled droplets composed mostly of sulfides, oxides, and glass. X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis of those particles allowed for a phase classification. Compositions were regularly not stoichiometric so most particles were classified as intermediate solid solutions. However, molecular proportions often closely resembled those of bornite, chalcanthite, cuprospinel, covellite, delafossite, diginite, or hydrous ferric oxides. Concentrations of Cu were often 100 % near the center of the particles indicating an inefficient smelting process. Weathering to some degree was common, which in conjunction with the susceptibility of Cu leaching was highly alarming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Baieta
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtěch Ettler
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Vaněk
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Drahota
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Bohdan Kříbek
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, Prague 152 00 5, Czech Republic
| | - Imasiku Nyambe
- University of Zambia, School of Mines, Department of Geology, POB 32 379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Martin Mihaljevič
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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26
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Appiah A, Li Z, Ofori EK, Mintah C. Global evolutional trend of safety in coal mining industry: a bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54483-54497. [PMID: 37002527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Mining safety is recognized as one of the factors influencing the mining industry's long-term viability. Therefore, we did a bibliometric analysis to take stock of safety management in the coal mining industry. This study suggests a three-step strategy, comprising literature extraction and screening, bibliometric analysis, and discussion, to provide an in-depth understanding of the present state and development trend of mine safety research. The findings raise additional concerns which include the following: (i) Coal dust pollution has a direct and indirect impact on the environment. (ii) Most research projects have prioritized technology innovation and development over safety norms. (iii) Most works have come from advanced countries such as China, the USA, the UK, and Australia to the neglect of developing nations, leaving a significant vacuum in the literature. (iv) There are more major safety principles in the food business than in the mining industry, indicating a weak safety culture in the mining industry. Additionally, future research goals are provided, such as creating safer policy guidelines to support technological advancements, constructing effective safety mines, and creating solutions to dust pollution and human errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Appiah
- College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Elvis Kwame Ofori
- School of Management Engineering, Management Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Clement Mintah
- College of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
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27
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Alrowaili ZA, Makhlouf Fathy H, Elsayed HA, Aouassa M, Mahmoud MH, El-Nasser KS, Taha TA, Mehaney A. Heavy metals biosensor based on defective one-dimensional phononic crystals. ULTRASONICS 2023; 130:106928. [PMID: 36638649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.106928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the detection of water pollution with low levels of heavy metals has attracted the great attention of many researchers as a result of the imminent danger of this type of pollution to all mankind. Meanwhile, we introduce a theoretical approach based on the one-dimensional phononic crystals (1D-PnCs) with a central defect layer as a novel platform for the highly sensitive detection of heavy metal pollution in freshwater. Therefore, the creation of a resonant peak in the transmittance spectrum related to this defect layer is highly conceivable. In this regard, the detection of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) as a dangerous, toxic, and extremely hazardous heavy metal could be investigated based on the small displacement in the position of this resonant peak with the changes in the CdCl2 concentration. Notably, any change in CdCl2 concentration has a direct impact on its acoustic properties. The theoretical framework of our research study is essentially based on the 2 × 2 transfer matrix method and the acoustic properties of the constituent materials as well. The optimization of all sensor parameters represents the mainstay of this study to get the best sensor performance. In this regard, the proposed sensor has a remarkably high sensitivity (S = 1904.25 Hz/ppm) over a concentration range of 0 - 10000 ppm. In addition, the sensor has a high quality factor (QF), and figure of merit of 1771.318, and 73529410-5 (ppm-1), respectively. Finally, we believe this sensor could be a key component of a feasible platform for detecting low concentrations of different heavy metal ions in freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Alrowaili
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamza Makhlouf Fathy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
| | - Hussein A Elsayed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
| | - M Aouassa
- Physics Department, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, P.O. Box 756, Al-Gurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Mahmoud
- Physics Department, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, P.O. Box 756, Al-Gurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karam S El-Nasser
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, P.O. Box 756, Al-Gurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - T A Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mehaney
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
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Kelvin M, Verpaele S, Gopalapillai Y, Poland C, Leybourne MI, Layton-Matthews D. Application of quantitative mineralogy to determine sources of airborne particles at a European copper smelter. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13803. [PMID: 36879976 PMCID: PMC9984790 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper processing operations, such as smelters and refineries, can produce airborne particles that may impact the health of workers. At these operations, worker exposure to chemicals are regularly monitored to ensure that regulatory compliance with occupational exposure limit values (OELVs) are maintained. Determining the type of airborne particles present is important for characterizing the composition of dust exposures and better understanding the relationship between worker exposure and health. Routine methods of analysis (e.g., chemical assay) are unable to differentiate between phases containing the same elements and may result in ambiguity. A novel approach of a combination of Quantitative Evaluation of Materials by Scanning Electron Microscope (QEMSCAN) and chemical characterization was used here to evaluate airborne and settled dust collected at key locations throughout a copper smelter in Europe. The copper (Cu) phases present in the airborne dust are indicative of the activities performed at specific locations. In the batch preparation area where Cu concentrate is received, significant amounts of Cu were carried in sulfidic minerals (chalcocite, chalcopyrite/bornite, >40%), whereas near the anode and electric furnace, the majority of Cu in dust was carried in metallic and oxidic phases (60-70%). Particle size analysis of the settled dust indicates that the sulfidic and oxidic Cu minerals are more likely to become airborne over metallic Cu. Furthermore, overall Cu concentrations decreased with particle size where metallic and oxidic Cu dominate, which suggests that differences in the proportion of Cu forms present in the dust will impact how much Cu ends up in the respirable fraction. These results highlight the need to understand the characterization of Cu in dust in order to set better OELVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kelvin
- Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 36 Union Street, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Verpaele
- Health, Environment and Public Policy Department, Nickel Institute, Rue Belliard 12, 1040 Brussels, Belgium.,Belgian Center for Occupational Hygiene (BeCOH), Technologiepark 122, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yamini Gopalapillai
- International Copper Association, 7918 Jones Branch Drive, Suite 300, McLean, VA 22102, USA
| | - Craig Poland
- Regulatory Compliance Limited, 6 Dryden Road, Loanhead, Midlothian, EH20 9TY, UK.,Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Matthew I Leybourne
- Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 36 Union Street, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada.,Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy, Queen's University, 64 Bader Lane, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Layton-Matthews
- Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 36 Union Street, Kingston K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Root RA, Chorover J. Molecular speciation controls arsenic and lead bioaccessibility in fugitive dusts from sulfidic mine tailings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:288-303. [PMID: 36226550 PMCID: PMC9945096 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Communities nearby mine wastes in arid and semi-arid regions are potentially exposed to high concentrations of toxic metal(loid)s from fugitive dusts deriving from impoundments. To assess the relation between potentially lofted particles and human health risk, we studied the relationship between pharmacokinetic bioaccessibility and metal(loid) molecular speciation for mine tailings dust particulate matter (PM), with elevated levels of arsenic and lead (up to 59 and 34 mmol kg-1, respectively), by coupling in vitro bioassay (IVBA) with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Mine tailing efflorescent salts (PMES) and PM from the surface crust (0-1 cm, PMSC) and near surface (0-25 cm) were isolated to <10 μm and <150 μm effective spherical diameter (PM10 and PM150) and reacted with synthetic gastric and lung fluid for 30 s to 100 h to investigate toxic metal(loid) release kinetics. Bioaccessible (BAc) fractions of arsenic and lead were about 10 and 100 times greater in gastric than in lung fluid simulant, respectively, and 10-100% of the maximum gastric BAc from PM10 and PM150 occurred within 30 s, with parabolic dissolution of fine, highly-reactive particles followed by slower release from less soluble sources. Evaporite salts were almost completely solubilized in gastric-fluid simulants. Arsenate within jarosite and sorbed to ferrihydrite, and lead from anglesite, were identified by XAS as the principal contaminant sources in the near surface tailings. In the synthetic lung fluid, arsenic was released continuously to 100 h, suggesting that residence time in vivo must be considered for risk determination. Analysis of pre- and post-IVBA PM indicated the release of arsenic in lung fluid was principally from arsenic-substituted jarosite, whereas in synthetic gastric fluid arsenic complexed on ferrihydrite surfaces was preferentially released and subsequently repartitioned to jarosite-like coordination at extended exposures. Lead dissolved at 30 s was subsequently repartitioned back to the solid phase as pyromorphite in phosphate rich lung fluid. The bioaccessibility of lead in surface tailings PM was limited due to robust sequestration in plumbojarosite. Kinetic release of toxic elements in both synthetic biofluids indicated that a single IVBA interval may not adequately describe release dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Root
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ, USA.
| | - Jon Chorover
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ, USA.
- Arizona Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ, USA
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Almawgani AHM, Fathy HM, Ali GA, Elsayed HA, Mehaney A. One-Dimensional Phononic Crystals: A Simplified Platform for Effective Detection of Heavy Metals in Water with High Sensitivity. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14010204. [PMID: 36677265 PMCID: PMC9860798 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the pollution of fresh water with heavy metals due to technological and industrial breakthroughs has reached record levels. Therefore, monitoring these metals in fresh water has become essentially urgent. Meanwhile, the conventional periodic one-dimensional phononic crystals can provide a novel platform for detecting the pollution of heavy metals in fresh water with high sensitivity. A simplified design of a defective, one-dimensional phononic crystals (1D-PnC) structure is introduced in this paper. The sensor is designed from a lead-epoxy multilayer with a central defect layer filled with an aqueous solution from cadmium bromide (CdBr2). The formation of a resonant peak through the transmittance spectrum is highly expected. This study primarily aims to monitor and detect the concentration of cadmium bromide in pure water based on shifting the position of this resonant peak. Notably, any change in cadmium bromide concentration can affect the acoustic properties of cadmium bromide directly. The transfer matrix method has been used to calculate the transmission spectra of the incident acoustic wave. The numerical findings are mainly based on the optimization of the cadmium bromide layer thickness, lead layer thickness, epoxy layer thickness, and the number of periods to investigate the most optimum sensor performance. The introduced sensor in this study has provided a remarkably high sensitivity (S = 1904.25 Hz) within a concentration range of (0-10,000 ppm). The proposed sensor provides a quality factor (QF), a resolution, and a figure of merit of 1398.51752, 48,875,750 Hz, and 4.12088 × 10-5 (/ppm), respectively. Accordingly, this sensor can be a potentially robust base for a promising platform to detect small concentrations of heavy metal ions in fresh water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarem H. M. Almawgani
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.H.M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Hamza Makhlouf Fathy
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
| | - Ghassan Ahmed Ali
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer Sciences and Information Systems, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein A. Elsayed
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mehaney
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.H.M.A.); (A.M.)
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31
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Bullard JE, Zhou Z, Davis S, Fowler S. Breakdown and Modification of Microplastic Beads by Aeolian Abrasion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:76-84. [PMID: 36519925 PMCID: PMC9835823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Saltation is an important wind erosion process that can cause the modification and breakdown of particles by aeolian abrasion. It is recognized that microplastic particles can be transported by wind, but the effect of saltation on microplastic properties is unknown. This study examined the impact of simulated saltation alongside quartz grains on the size, shape, and surface properties of spherical microplastic beads. The diameter of the microplastics was reduced by 30-50% over 240-300 h of abrasion with a mass loss of c. 80%. For abrasion periods up to 200 h, the microplastic beads remained spherical with minimal change to overall shape. Over 95% of the fragments of plastic removed from the surface of the microbeads during the abrasion process had a diameter of ≤10 μm. In addition, during the abrasion process, fine particles derived from breakdown of the quartz grains became attached to the surfaces of the microbeads resulting in a reduction in carbon and an increase in silicon detected on the particle surface. The results suggest that microplastics may be mechanically broken down during aeolian saltation and small fragments produced have the potential for long distance transport as well as being within the size range for human respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E. Bullard
- Geography
and Environment, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Zhaoxia Zhou
- Loughborough
Materials Characterisation Centre, Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Sam Davis
- Loughborough
Materials Characterisation Centre, Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Shaun Fowler
- Loughborough
Materials Characterisation Centre, Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K.
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32
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Yin X, Martineau C, Fenton NJ. How big is the footprint? Quantifying offsite effects of mines on boreal plant communities. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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33
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Goel H, Goyal K, Pandey AK, Benjamin M, Khan F, Pandey P, Mittan S, Iqbal D, Alsaweed M, Alturaiki W, Madkhali Y, Kamal MA, Tanwar P, Upadhyay TK. Elucidations of Molecular Mechanism and Mechanistic Effects of Environmental Toxicants in Neurological Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:84-97. [PMID: 35352654 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220329103610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to rising environmental and global public health concerns associated with environmental contamination, human populations are continually being exposed to environmental toxicants, including physical chemical mutagens widespread in our environment causing adverse consequences and inducing a variety of neurological disorders in humans. Physical mutagens comprise ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, such as UV rays, IR rays, X-rays, which produces a broad spectrum of neuronal destruction, including neuroinflammation, genetic instability, enhanced oxidative stress driving mitochondrial damage in the human neuronal antecedent cells, cognitive impairment due to alterations in neuronal function, especially in synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis repression, modifications in mature neuronal networks drives to enhanced neurodegenerative risk. Chemical Mutagens including alkylating agents (EMS, NM, MMS, and NTG), Hydroxylamine, nitrous acid, sodium azide, halouracils are the major toxic mutagen in our environment and have been associated with neurological disorders. These chemical mutagens create dimers of pyrimidine that cause DNA damage that leads to ROS generation producing mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, genotoxicity which leads to increased neurodegenerative risk. The toxicity of four heavy metal including Cd, As, Pb, Hg is mostly responsible for complicated neurological disorders in humans. Cadmium exposure can enhance the permeability of the BBB and penetrate the brain, driving brain intracellular accumulation, cellular dysfunction, and cerebral edema. Arsenic exerts its toxic effect by induction of ROS production in neuronal cells. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism and mechanistic effects of mutagens in the environment and their role in multiple neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Goel
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Keshav Goyal
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig Maximilians Universitat, Munchen, Germany
| | - Avanish Kumar Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mercilena Benjamin
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, India
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sandeep Mittan
- Department of Cardiology, Ichan School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, USA
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsaweed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Alturaiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham NSW 2770, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
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Gözel F, Belivermiş M, Sezer N, Kurt MA, Sıkdokur E, Kılıç Ö. Chronology of trace elements and radionuclides using sediment cores in Golden Horn Estuary, Sea of Marmara. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120359. [PMID: 36216182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements and radionuclides are substantial pollutants in marine environment since they are non-biodegradable and can be harmful even in minute concentrations. The Golden Horn estuary, where is an inlet of Bosphorus and two creeks, has been seriously polluted by untreated municipal and industrial dischargers for several decades. Since 1998, a large restoration and rehabilitation efforts have been undertaken in the estuary to mitigate the pollution. In the present study, four sediment cores were taken from the Golden Horn estuary to assess the historical accumulation of trace elements and radionuclides. Radiometric dating was implemented by 210Pb and 137Cs radionuclides and CRS model. Sedimentation rates were calculated in the range of 0.92-0.97 cm yr-1 in the estuary. The distribution of radionuclides (40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra) indicated some slight variations which ascribes to the geological characteristics of sediment along the cores. The concentrations of the anthropogenic elements were relatively higher in the intensive industrialization period. Their concentrations reduced in the latest 15-20 years thanks to the large-scale rehabilitation project in the estuary. The pollution indices, namely EF, Igeo, CF, and PLI showed that the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Sn were above the world averages. Our results provide an insight on the long-term accumulation trends of trace element in the Golden Horn, which revealed that the estuary remains moderately polluted. We suggest that preventive countermeasures are much more important than post pollution remediation in the case of metallic pollution in the estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Gözel
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bahçeşehir University, Beşiktaş, 34353, Istanbul, Türkiye; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Narin Sezer
- Medical Services and Techniques Department, Istanbul Arel University, 34295, Sefaköy, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Ali Kurt
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 33343, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Ercan Sıkdokur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, 34450, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye
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35
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Association between Heavy Metal Exposure and Parkinson's Disease: A Review of the Mechanisms Related to Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122467. [PMID: 36552676 PMCID: PMC9774122 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradually progressing neurodegenerative condition that is marked by a loss of motor coordination along with non-motor features. Although the precise cause of PD has not been determined, the disease condition is mostly associated with the exposure to environmental toxins, such as metals, and their abnormal accumulation in the brain. Heavy metals, such as iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb), have been linked to PD and contribute to its progression. In addition, the interactions among the components of a metal mixture may result in synergistic toxicity. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated a connection between PD and either single or mixed exposure to these heavy metals, which increase the prevalence of PD. Chronic exposure to heavy metals is related to the activation of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in neuronal loss through neuroinflammation. Similarly, metals disrupt redox homeostasis while inducing free radical production and decreasing antioxidant levels in the substantia nigra. Furthermore, these metals alter molecular processes and result in oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, which can potentially trigger dopaminergic neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the roles of Hg, Pb, Mn, Cu, and Fe in the development and progression of PD. Moreover, it explores the plausible roles of heavy metals in neurodegenerative mechanisms that facilitate the development of PD. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying metal toxicities will enable the establishment of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or cure PD.
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Oliveira GC, Broetto SG, Pereira OJ, Penha JDS, Lopes NGM, Silva DM. Effects of different levels of metal exposure and precipitation regimes on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in a coastal Brazilian restinga species. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zari M, Smith R, Wright C, Ferrari R. Health and environmental impact assessment of landfill mining activities: A case study in Norfolk, UK. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11594. [PMID: 36425411 PMCID: PMC9678709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of fine particles during mechanical landfill mining (LFM) operations is a potential environmental pollution and human health risk. Previous studies demonstrate that a significant proportion (40–80% wt) of the content of fine soil-like materials within the size range <10 mm to <4 mm recovered from such operations originate from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. This study evaluates the potential health risks caused by emissions from LFM activities. MSW samples recovered from the drilling of four different wells of a closed UK landfill were analysed for physical, chemical, and biological properties to determine the extent of potential contaminant emissions during LFM activities. The results show that fine particles (approximately ≤1.5 mm) accounted for more than 50% of the total mass of excavated waste and contained predominantly soil-like materials. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, and Cr exceed the permissible limits set by the current UK Soil Guideline Values. The highest geoaccumulation index and contamination factor values for Cu were 2.51 and 12.51, respectively, indicating a moderate to very high degree of contamination. Unsurprisingly, the pollution load index was >1, indicating the extent of pollution within the study area. The hazard quotient values indicated high exposure-related risks for Pb (16.95), Zn (3.56), Cd (1.47), and As (1.46) for allotment land use and As (1.96) for residential land use. The cancer-related risk values were higher than the acceptable range of 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4. The cancer risk factor indicated that Cr and As were the major human health risk hazards. Potentially toxic elements and organics associated with waste fine fractions. Novel method for assessing potential human health risk of heavy metals achieved. Landfill poses major risk to human health and environment if LFM occurs. Pb highest contributor to the non-carcinogenic risk. Cr most prominent metal with respect to carcinogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zari
- University of Nottingham, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Coates Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Richard Smith
- University of Nottingham, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Coates Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Industrial Chemicals Ltd, Titan Works, Hogg Lane, Grays, Essex RM17 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Wright
- Norfolk County Council, County Hall, Martineau Ln, Norwich NR1 2DH, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Ferrari
- University of Nottingham, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Coates Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Ettler V, Hladíková K, Mihaljevič M, Drahota P, Culka A, Jedlicka R, Kříbek B, Vaněk A, Penížek V, Sracek O, Bagai Z. Contaminant Binding and Bioaccessibility in the Dust From the Ni-Cu Mining/Smelting District of Selebi-Phikwe (Botswana). GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2022GH000683. [PMID: 36348990 PMCID: PMC9636585 DOI: 10.1029/2022gh000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied the dust fractions of the smelting slag, mine tailings, and soil from the former Ni-Cu mining and processing district in Selebi-Phikwe (eastern Botswana). Multi-method chemical and mineralogical investigations were combined with oral bioaccessibility testing of the fine dust fractions (<48 and <10 μm) in a simulated gastric fluid to assess the potential risk of the intake of metal(loid)s contaminants. The total concentrations of the major contaminants varied significantly (Cu: 301-9,600 mg/kg, Ni: 850-7,000 mg/kg, Co: 48-791 mg/kg) but were generally higher in the finer dust fractions. The highest bioaccessible concentrations of Co, Cu, and Ni were found in the slag and mine tailing dusts, where these metals were mostly bound in sulfides (pentlandite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite). On the contrary, the soil dusts exhibited substantially lower bioaccessible fractions of these metals due to their binding in less soluble spinel-group oxides. The results indicate that slag dusts are assumed to be risk materials, especially when children are considered as a target group. Still, this exposure scenario seems unrealistic due to (a) the fencing of the former mine area and its inaccessibility to the local community and (b) the low proportion of the fine particles in the granulated slag dump and improbability of their transport by wind. The human health risk related to the incidental ingestion of the soil dust, the most accessible to the local population, seems to be quite limited in the Selebi-Phikwe area, even when a higher dust ingestion rate (280 mg/d) is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Ettler
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ResourcesFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Hladíková
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ResourcesFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mihaljevič
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ResourcesFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | - Petr Drahota
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ResourcesFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | - Adam Culka
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ResourcesFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | - Radim Jedlicka
- Institute of Petrology and Structural GeologyFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPrague 2Czech Republic
| | | | - Aleš Vaněk
- Department of Soil Science and Soil ProtectionFaculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6Czech Republic
| | - Vít Penížek
- Department of Soil Science and Soil ProtectionFaculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6Czech Republic
| | - Ondra Sracek
- Department of GeologyFaculty of SciencePalacký University in OlomoucOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Zibisani Bagai
- Department of GeologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of BotswanaGaboroneBotswana
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Zanetta-Colombo NC, Fleming ZL, Gayo EM, Manzano CA, Panagi M, Valdés J, Siegmund A. Impact of mining on the metal content of dust in indigenous villages of northern Chile. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107490. [PMID: 36116364 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous communities from northern Chile have historically been exposed to the impacts of massive copper industrial activities conducted in the region. Some of the communities belonging to the Alto El Loa Indigenous Development Area are located less than 10 km from the "Talabre'' tailings dam, which contains residues from copper production and other metals that can be toxic to human health (e.g., As, Sb, Cd, Mo, Pb). Given the increasing demand of copper production to achieve net-zero emission scenarios and concomitant expansions of the tailings, the exposure to toxic metals is a latent risk to local communities. Despite the impact that copper production could generate on ancestral communities from northern Chile, studies and monitoring are limited and the results are often not made accessible for local communities. Here, we evaluate such risks by characterizing metal concentrations in dust collected from roofs and windows of houses from the Alto El Loa area. Our results showed that As, Sb, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ag, S, and Pb concentrations in these matrices can be connected to local copper mining activities. Additionally, air transport models indicate that high concentrations of toxic elements (As, Sb, and Cd) can be explained by the atmospheric transport of particles from the tailings in a NE direction up to 50 km away. Pollution indices and Health Risk Assessment suggested a highly contaminated region with a health risk for its inhabitants. Our analysis on a local scale seeks to make visible the case of northern Chile as a critical territory where actions should be taken to mitigate the effects of mining in the face of this new scenario of international demand for the raw materials necessary for the transition to a net-zero carbon global society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás C Zanetta-Colombo
- Heidelberg Center for the Environment (HCE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Geography - Research Group for Earth Observation (rgeo), Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Geography, SAI, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Zoë L Fleming
- Envirohealth Dynamics Lab, C+ Research Center in Technologies for Society, School of Engineering, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Chile
| | - Eugenia M Gayo
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program- Nucleo Milenio UPWELL, Chile
| | - Carlos A Manzano
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Marios Panagi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jorge Valdés
- Laboratorio de Sedimentología y Paleoambientes (LASPAL), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Alexander Siegmund
- Heidelberg Center for the Environment (HCE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Geography - Research Group for Earth Observation (rgeo), Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bulaev A, Melamud V. Two-Stage Oxidative Leaching of Low-Grade Copper-Zinc Sulfide Concentrate. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091781. [PMID: 36144382 PMCID: PMC9500903 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioleaching may be effectively used to extract nonferrous metals from sulfide ores and concentrates. At the same time, some minerals are refractory and their bioleaching rate is often comparatively low that does not allow the required metal extraction rate to be achieved. In the present work, we studied the two-stage process, which included stages of biological and chemical leaching, to improve copper extraction from low grade Cu-Zn sulfide concentrate containing chalcopyrite, tennantite, pyrite, and sphalerite. Bioleaching was conducted in the continuous mode in three laboratory scale reactors connected in series. The pulp density was 10% and the residence time was 7 days. The temperature was 40 °C in the 1st reactor and 50 °C in the 2nd and 3rd reactors. Bioleaching allowed the extraction of 29.5 and 78% of Cu and Zn, respectively. The solid bioleach residue obtained was then treated for additional Cu and Zn recovery using high temperature leaching at 90 °C for 25 h. The liquid phase of the bioleaching pulp contained Fe3+ ions, which is the strong oxidant, and the leach solution was supplemented with NaCl. In the presence of the maximal NaCl concentration (1 M), Cu and Zn extraction reached 48 and 84%. Thus, two-stage leaching may allow to increase bioleaching efficiency and may be used to improve the bioleaching rate of refractory minerals, such as chalcopyrite.
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Ren M, Zheng L, Wang D, Chen X, Dong X, Wei X, Cheng H. Copper isotope ratios allowed for quantifying the contribution of coal mining and combustion to total soil copper concentrations in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119613. [PMID: 35705153 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The most prominent source of Cu contamination in soils is metal mining and processing, partly since the Middle Age. However, coal mining and combustion can also cause (some) Cu contamination. We studied the distribution of Cu concentrations and isotope ratios in soils of the Huaibei coal mining area. The contribution of the coal mining and combustion to total Cu concentrations in soil was determined with a two-end-member mixing model based on the distinct δ65Cu values of the Cu emitted from coal mining and combustion and in native soil. The mean Cu concentration of 75 mg kg-1 exceeded the local soil background value (round to 22.13 mg kg-1). The similar δ65Cu value of grass near the coal mining and combustion operation as in gangue and flying ash indicated a superficial Cu contamination. Mining input was the dominant source of Cu in the contaminated soils, contributing up to 95% and on average 72% of the total Cu in the topsoils. The mining-derived Cu was leached to a depth of 65 cm, where still 29% of the Cu could be attributed to the mining emissions. Grasses showed lower δ65Cu values than the topsoils, because of the preferential uptake of light Cu isotopes. However, the Δ65Cugrass-soil was lower in the contaminated than the uncontaminated area because of superficial adsorption of isotopically heavy Cu from the mining emissions. Overall, in this study the distinct δ65Cu values of the mining-derived Cu emissions and the native soil allowed for the quantification of the mining-derived Cu and had already reached the subsoil and contaminated the grass by superficial adsorption in only 60 years of mining operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Ren
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xianglin Dong
- Geological Survey Division, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei, 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangping Wei
- Geological Survey Division, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei, 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
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Effect of the addition of potassium iodide and thiourea on the corrosion inhibition effect of aqueous extract of Ayapana triplinervis towards mild steel in HCl at elevated temperatures-theoretical, electrochemical and surface studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Seasonal Variations in Bioaccumulation and Translocation of Toxic Heavy Metals in the Dominant Vegetables of East Kolkata Wetlands: a Case Study with Suggestive Ecorestorative Strategies. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2332-2358. [PMID: 35852756 PMCID: PMC9294751 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), a designated Ramsar site in the eastern part of megacity Kolkata, has been threatened by toxic heavy metal (HM) pollution. Besides being a natural wetland supporting biodiversity, EKW serves as a significant food basket for the city. For assessing the magnitude of HM pollution in this wetland, the three most cultivated food crops of EKW, namely Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd), Abelmoschus esculentus (ladies’ fingers), and Zea mays (maize), as well as the ambient soil samples, were collected during premonsoon, monsoon, and postmonsoon for 2 consecutive years (2016 and 2017). Predominant HMs like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were analyzed in the roots and edible parts of these plants, as well as in the ambient soil to evaluate the bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) of each HM in the three vegetables. It was observed that the HM content in the food crop species followed the order Z. mays > L. siceraria > A. esculentus. HMs accumulated in all three vegetables as per the order Pb > Cd > Cr > Hg. Monsoon seems to be threatening in terms of bioaccumulation and translocation of HMs as both BF and TF were highest in this season irrespective of the plant species. Hence it demands critical monitoring of HM pollution levels in this wetland and subsequent ecorestoration through distinctive plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-assisted co-cultivation of these food crops with low-metal-accumulating, deep-rooted, high-biomass-yielding, and bioenergy-producing perennial grass species for minimizing HM intake.
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Wang D, Zheng L, Ren M, Li C, Dong X, Wei X, Zhou W, Cui J. Zinc in soil reflecting the intensive coal mining activities: Evidence from stable zinc isotopes analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113669. [PMID: 35605319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the mining area affected by coal mining activities for a long time, heavy metal Zn pollution poses a serious threat to soil quality and human health, and direct evidence showing the relationship between Zn accumulation mechanism in soils and mining activities is lacking. In this study, the Zn content and isotopes composition (δ66Zn) from soil and environmental samples around mining area were determined and analyzed to clarify the Zn characteristics in soil. Moreover, the distribution and source of Zn content in soil of mining area were analyzed by mathematical statistics, correlation analysis and isotope mass mixing model. The results showed that: (1) the Zn content in soil ranged from 95 to 327 mg·kg-1 (mean: 233 mg·kg-1), exceeding the control point and the soil background value of Anhui Province; (2) the results of Zn isotope analysis showed that Zn in soil mainly derived from the wind dispersion input of fine particles in gangue and fly ash, followed by the natural weathering of parent material; (3) isotopic mass mixing model can be used to distinguish the contribution of anthropogenic and natural Zn sources. Mining input was the main contribution source of Zn in soil (mean: 67%), followed by natural background (mean: 33%). The employment of Zn isotopes can effectively evaluate the impact of anthropogenic and natural long-term processes on Zn in the soil of the mining area, and provide important information for the formulation of soil metal pollution control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Mengxi Ren
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xianglin Dong
- Geological Survey Division, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangpin Wei
- Geological Survey Division, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Linhuan Coal Mine, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Jiasheng Cui
- Linhuan Coal Mine, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei 235001, Anhui, China
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Metal Lability and Mass Transfer Response to Direct-Planting Phytostabilization of Pyritic Mine Tailings. MINERALS 2022; 12. [DOI: 10.3390/min12060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the temporal effects of organic matter input and water influx on metal lability and translocation is critical to evaluate the success of the phytostabilization of metalliferous mine tailings. Trends of metal lability, e.g., V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb, were investigated for three years following a direct-planting phytostabilization trial at a Superfund mine tailings site in semi-arid central Arizona, USA. Unamended tailings were characterized by high concentrations (mmol kg−1) of Fe (2100), S (3100), As (41), Zn (39), and Pb (11), where As and Pb greatly exceeded non-residential soil remediation levels established by Arizona. Phytostabilization treatments included a no-compost control, 100 g kg−1 compost with seed, and 200 g kg−1 compost with and without seed to the top 20 cm of the tailings profile. All plots received supplemental irrigation, effectively doubling the mean annual precipitation. Tailings cores up to 90 cm were collected at the time of planting and every summer for 3 years. The cores were sub-sectioned at 20 cm increments and analyzed via total digestion and an operationally defined sequential extraction for elemental analysis and the calculation of a mass transfer coefficient normalized to Ti as an assigned immobile element. The results indicate that Pb was recalcitrant and relatively immobile in the tailings environment for both the uncomposted control and composted treatments with a maximum variation in the total concentration of 9–14 mmol kg−1 among all samples. Metal lability and translocation above the redox boundary (ca. 30 cm depth) was governed by acid generation, where surficial pH was measured as low as 2.7 ± 0.1 in year three and strongly correlated with the increased lability of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. There was no significant pH effect on the lability of V, Cr, or Pb. Translocation to depths was greatest for Mn and Co; however, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Cu were also mobilized. The addition of organic matter enhanced the mobilization of Cr from the near surface to 40–60 cm depth (pH > 6) over the three-year phytostabilization study compared to the control. The increased enrichment of some metals at 60–90 cm indicates that the long-term monitoring of elemental translocation is necessary to assess the efficacy of phytostabilization to contain subsurface metal contaminants and thereby protect the surrounding community from exposure.
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Nikolaeva O, Kuznetsova T, Karpukhin M, Vecherskii M. Elemental composition of sediments on exterior window surfaces along vertical gradient in Moscow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153999. [PMID: 35196544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on the spatial distribution of pollutants in urban environments, little is known about their vertical profile. The presented research aims to analyze loadings and concentration of elements sedimented on exterior glass window surfaces of a high-rise building in Moscow city. The roadside part of a typical 17-level building was examined. Window sediments were collected along vertical from the 2nd to the 17th level using the novel instrumental approach of wet vacuum dust collection. A clear declining trend of sediment weight distribution was observed along the height increase. The values decreased by six times within 40-m vertical, from the 3rd (386 mg m-2) by the 17th level (63 mg m-2), driven by a decline of coarse dust fraction. Organic matter, Si, and Ca were the key contributors to the window sediments, providing 40%, 15%, and 4% in total weight, respectively. Among other elements, the highest proportions (over 1%) were identified for S, Fe, and Al, whereas little less (0.5-1%), for Mg, K, and Na, individually. Other element concentrations decreased in the following order P > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ba > Sr > Cr > V > Ni > Pb > Co > As>Cd. Element concentrations did not differ along vertical gradient due to the constant proportion of the finest dust fraction. Window sediments were characterized by 2-4 times higher concentrations of most of the studied elements than the road dust, being enriched by S, Na, Zn, and Cu - 27, 15, 10, and 6 times higher, respectively. Based on the strong correlation between the composition of road dust and window sediments, we consider resuspension of the road dust as a predominant source of particles sedimented on window glass surfaces and its enrichment by non-exhaust traffic-related elements. The research proved the validity of the suggested instrumental technique for sediment collection from window glass surfaces. Elemental analysis of window sediments was considered as a promising approach for environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Nikolaeva
- Research and Training Soil Ecological Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 141592, Chashnikovo, Solnechnogorsk district, Moscow Oblast, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, bld. 33, Leninsky Avenue, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Karpukhin
- Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, bld. 1/12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Vecherskii
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, bld. 33, Leninsky Avenue, Moscow, Russia
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Xu Z, Shao T, Dong Z, Li S. Research progress of heavy metals in desert-visual analysis based on CiteSpace. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43648-43661. [PMID: 35426556 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Web of Science (a database) is used to retrieve related literature in the field of heavy metal pollution in desert. CiteSpace is used to make a quantitative and qualitative evaluation on the literature in the field on the basis of a brief analysis on the research status, research focus, and evolution process in the field. Through CiteSpace visual analysis, a comparative analysis is given on related literature in terms of annual number of published papers, author groups, and their countries and regions, journals, publishing institutions, highly cited papers, research focuses, and burst terms, so as to explore the research status and future development trend of the field on a global scale. The results are shown as follows: (1) The literature in the field was originally published in 2000; the number of published papers increased steadily. The literature was mostly published on high-quality journals, the USA topped in terms of the number of published papers, and the research results achieved by developed countries had a greater influence. Chinese Acad Sci topped with the highest centrality and most published papers, which have made outstanding contributions to the field and occupy a leading position in the field. However, the fact is that there lacks communication and cooperation among research institutions. The most influential journal is Science of the Total Environment. (2) The hot research words in the field are as follows: heavy metal, soil, pollution, lead, desert, cadmium, and microelement. (3) In the field, burst terms have transformed from atmospheric deposition, biomonitoring, and phytoremediation to trace element, stream sediment, street dust, and water quality, and finally transformed to river and sediment. New words keep emerging in the research, and more and more attention is paid to the issue of heavy metal pollution in river sediment, which will be a future research hotspot in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Xu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjie Shao
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutants Exposure and Eco-Environment Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China.
- Planetary Aeolian Research Institute, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhibao Dong
- Planetary Aeolian Research Institute, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengli Li
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
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Cleaver AE, White HP, Rickwood CJ, Jamieson HE, Huntsman P. Field comparison of fugitive tailings dust sampling and monitoring methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153409. [PMID: 35090929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study compares select dust sampling apparatuses and monitoring methods by investigating fugitive tailings dust transport and deposition at an abandoned Zn-Pb-Cu mine located in eastern, Canada. The sampling apparatuses and monitoring methods are compared in terms of capturing seasonal trends and spatial extent, as well as the ability to evaluate impacts to aquatic ecosystems. Methods evaluated include satellite imagery, lichen tissue analysis, passive dry deposition collectors (Pas-DDs) with two different configurations, dust deposition gauges (DDGs) and a high volume total suspended particulate (Hi-Vol TSP) sampler. All methods utilized demonstrated benefits and challenges in relation to seasonal sampling and determining spatial extent of dust deposition. Results indicate that the polyurethane foam disk configuration of the Pas-DD sampler efficiently accumulates dust in comparison to the glass fiber filter configuration and DDGs which both likely underestimate dust deposition. Lichen and satellite imagery were shown to be effective tools for identifying areas of interest and extent of contamination. At the study site, it was observed that dust deposition was highest in the winter months and lowest in the summer months, likely due to increased erosion in winter weather conditions (higher wind speeds and/or freeze drying effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Cleaver
- Queen's University, Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada; CanmetMINING, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa K1A 0G1, Canada.
| | - H Peter White
- Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa K1A 0G1, Canada
| | | | - Heather E Jamieson
- Queen's University, Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
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Ruhela M, Sharma K, Bhutiani R, Chandniha SK, Kumar V, Tyagi K, Ahamad F, Tyagi I. GIS-based impact assessment and spatial distribution of air and water pollutants in mining area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31486-31500. [PMID: 35001266 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mining is a significant part of the transforming economy, which is generally considered as essential as well as social evil at the same time. It is one of the potential contributors to air and water pollution and possesses long-term impact on their quality. Keeping in view the exponential mining activities, we have selected an iron mine area in Bailadila, Chhattisgarh, India, as a sampling site and investigated the impact of mining activities on the air as well as water quality by setting up seven air quality and thirty water quality monitoring stations. From the results obtained, it was observed that concentration of air pollutants such as SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 for the year 2015 lies in the range of 11.5-13.0 µg/m3, 11.5-13.0 µg/m3, 24.9-33.4 ppm and 61.6-74.2 ppm, respectively, while for the year 2018, it lies in the range of 10.3-11.7 µg/m3, 10.5-14.7 µg/m3, 18.3-50.8 ppm and 23.7-60.7 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, results obtained revealed that air pollutants such as SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 were within the permissible limits but they contributed towards the light air pollution (air pollution index: 25-50) at all the air monitoring stations. Moreover, PM10 was considered as criterion pollutant in the Bailadila, Chhattisgarh region. On the other hand, it was observed that groundwater quality was deteriorated in the subsequent years. Most of the water quality parameters were in the permissible limits except iron (Fe). Moreover, on the basis of water quality indexing, water quality was classified as "poor" in ~ 30% of the sites and "very poor" in ~ 34% sites. The water quality was "unhealthy for drinking" in 3% and 6% sites in the year 2015 and 2018, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Ruhela
- Department of Environmental Engineering (SITE), Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, 250005, (UP), India
| | - Kaberi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Engineering (SITE), Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, 250005, (UP), India
| | - Rakesh Bhutiani
- Limnology and Ecological Modelling Lab, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, 249404, (UK), India
| | - Surendra Kumar Chandniha
- Department of Soil and Water Engineering, BRSM College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology & Research Station, IGKV, Mungeli, 495334, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, MoEF&CC), Kolkata, 700053, (WB), India
| | - Kaomud Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, MoEF&CC), Kolkata, 700053, (WB), India
| | - Faheem Ahamad
- Keral Verma Subharti College of Sciences (KVSCOS), Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, 250005, UP, India.
| | - Inderjeet Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, MoEF&CC), Kolkata, 700053, (WB), India.
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Characterization of Particulate Matter Species in an Area Impacted by Aggregate and Limestone Mining North of San Antonio, TX, USA. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14074288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aggregate and limestone mining in San Antonio’s Bexar and Comal counties in Texas, USA, has caused considerable health concerns as of late. Aggregate mining actions can result in localized air quality issues in any neighborhood. Furthermore, heavy truck traffic, hauling, and transportation of the mined material contribute to pollution. In this research, PM species were sampled at four locations north of the San Antonio city limits. The data were collected using a TSI Air Quality Sampler that sampled PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Continuous data with 1 min averages were recorded during the study period from August to September 2019. The instrument was stationed at every location for a period of 7 days each. The four locations were a ranch, an open field, a residential compound, and an elementary school. PM1 and PM2.5 concentration levels were lower compared to PM10 concentrations at all four studied sites. Our results suggest that PM concentrations are primarily impacted by mining activities. PM species were highest at the residential compound due to its proximity to an active mining area, resulting in deleterious health effects for neighbors living in the vicinity of the sampled site.
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