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Padilla-Reyes DA, Dueñas-Moreno J, Mahlknecht J, Mora A, Kumar M, Ornelas-Soto N, Mejía-Avendaño S, Navarro-Gómez CJ, Bhattacharya P. Arsenic and fluoride in groundwater triggering a high risk: Probabilistic results using Monte Carlo simulation and species sensitivity distribution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142305. [PMID: 38740338 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) in groundwater poses substantial risks to human health on a global scale. These elements have been identified as the most prevalent geogenic contaminants in groundwater in northern Mexico. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the human health and ecological risks associated with the content of As and F- in the Meoqui-Delicias aquifer, which is in one of Mexico's most emblematic irrigation districts. Concentrations of As and F- were measured in 38 groundwater samples using ICP-MS and ion chromatography, respectively. Overall, these elements showed a similar trend across the aquifer, revealing a positive correlation between them and pH. The concentration of As and F- in the groundwater ranged from 5.3 μg/L to 303 μg/L and from 0.5 mg/L to 8.8 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the levels of As and F- surpassed the established national standards for safe drinking water in 92% and 97% of samples, respectively. Given that groundwater is used for both agricultural purposes and human activities, this study also assessed the associated human health and ecological risks posed by these elements using Monte Carlo simulation and Species Sensitivity Distribution. The findings disclosed a significant noncarcinogenic health risk associated with exposure to As and F-, as well as an unacceptable carcinogenic health risk to As through water consumption for both adults and children. Furthermore, a high ecological risk to aquatic species was identified for F- and high to medium risks for As in the sampling sites. Therefore, the findings in this study provide valuable information for Mexican authorities and international organizations (e.g., WHO) about the adverse effects that any exposure without treatment to groundwater from this region represents for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Padilla-Reyes
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jaime Dueñas-Moreno
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Abrahan Mora
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sandra Mejía-Avendaño
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen J Navarro-Gómez
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, 31109, Campus Uach II, Chihuahua, Chih, C.P. 31125, Mexico
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-114 28, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sabinaya S, Mahanty B, Rout PR, Raut S, Sahoo SK, Jha V, Sahoo NK. Multi-model exploration of groundwater quality and potential health risk assessment in Jajpur district, Eastern India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:57. [PMID: 38273049 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The presence of fluoride and nitrate is a serious groundwater quality issue in India impacting human health. In the present study, 14 different hydrochemical parameters for 76 groundwater samples collected from the Jajpur district of Odisha, India, were evaluated. Entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), fixed-weight groundwater quality index (GWQI), principal component analysis (PCA), and rotated factor loading-based water quality index (PCWQI) were employed to assess groundwater quality. About 65.79 ± 4.68%, 33.55 ± 3.95%, and 0.66 ± 0.76% of the samples were rated as "excellent," "good," or "medium" quality, respectively, across the four different water quality indices, with a nominal rating discrepancy of 13.15%. Though 86% of samples consistently received excellent or good ratings across all WQI frameworks, concentrations of F- and NO3- in 36.8% and 11.84% of the samples exceeded the WHO permissible limit. In health risk assessment, about 38.15% of samples surpassed the F- hazard quotient (HQ > 1) posing non-carcinogenic health risks for children. The non-carcinogenic health risks due to NO3- were evident in 55.26% and 11.84% of samples for children and adults, respectively. The higher concentration of NO3- in some of the water samples, together with its positive correlation with HCO3-, may worsen groundwater pollution. The moderate correlation between Ca2+ and HCO3- (r = 0.410) and the insignificant correlation between Mg2+ and HCO3- (r = 0.234) suggests calcite dissolution is far more common than dolomite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushree Sabinaya
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science Program, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India.
| | - Prangya Ranjan Rout
- Department of BioTechnology, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Jalandhar, India
| | - Sangeeta Raut
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India
| | | | | | - Naresh Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science Program, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India.
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Li F, Yu T, Huang Z, Yang Z, Hou Q, Tang Q, Liu J, Wang L. Linking health to geology-a new assessment and zoning model based on the frame of medical geology. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7145-7159. [PMID: 36862270 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the growing concerns about the Earth's environment and human health, there has been a surge in research focused on the intersection of health and geology. This study quantitatively assesses the relationship between human health and geological factors using a new framework. The framework considers four key geological environment indicators related to health: soil, water, geological landform, and atmosphere. Results indicate that the atmospheric and water resource indicators in the study area were generally favorable, while the scores of geological landforms varied based on topography. The study also found that the selenium content in the soil greatly exceeded the local background value. Our research underscores the importance of geological factors on human health, establishes a new health-geological assessment model, and provides a scientific foundation for local spatial planning, water resource development, and land resource management. However, due to varying geological conditions worldwide, the framework and indicators for health geology may need to be adjusted accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Li
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenzhong Huang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingye Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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Chattopadhyay A, Singh AP, Kumar S, Pati J, Rakshit A. The machine learning and geostatistical approach for assessment of arsenic contamination levels using physicochemical properties of water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:595-614. [PMID: 37578877 PMCID: wst_2023_231 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in groundwater due to natural or anthropogenic sources is responsible for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to humans and the ecosystem. The physicochemical properties of groundwater in the study area were determined in the laboratory using the samples collected across the Varanasi region of Uttar Pradesh, India. This paper analyses the physicochemical properties of water using machine learning, descriptive statistics, geostatistical and spatial analysis. Pearson correlation was used for feature selection and highly correlated features were selected for model creation. Hydrochemical facies of the study area were analyzed and the hyperparameters of machine learning models, i.e., multilayer perceptron, random forest (RF), naïve Bayes, and decision tree were optimized before training and testing the groundwater samples as high (1) or low (0) arsenic contamination levels based on the WHO 10 μg/L guideline value. The overall performance of the models was compared based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity value. Among all models, the RF algorithm outclasses other classifiers, as it has a high accuracy of 92.30%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 75%. The accuracy result was compared to prior research, and the machine learning model may be used to continually monitor the amount of arsenic pollution in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India E-mail:
| | - Anand Prakash Singh
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Siddharth Kumar
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Ranchi, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834010, India
| | - Jayadeep Pati
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Ranchi, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834010, India
| | - Amitava Rakshit
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Wang Y, Cheng H. Environmental fate and ecological impact of the potentially toxic elements from the geothermal springs. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6287-6303. [PMID: 37289258 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements from geothermal springs can cause significant pollution of the surrounding environment and pose potential risk to the ecosystem. The fate of potentially toxic elements in the water-soil-plant system in the Yangbajain geothermal field on the Tibetan Plateau, China was investigated to assess their impact on the eco-environment. The concentrations of Be, F, As, and Tl were highly elevated in the headwaters of the Yangbajain geothermal springs, and their concentrations in the local surface water impacted by the geothermal springs reached 8.1 μg/L (Be), 23.9 mg/L (F), 3.83 mg/L (As), and 8.4 μg/L (Tl), respectively, far exceeding the corresponding thresholds for surface and drinking water. The absence of As-Fe co-precipitation, undersaturated F-, and weak adsorption on minerals at high geothermal spring pH may be responsible for the As- and F-rich drainage, which caused pollution of local river. As concentrations in the leaves of Orinus thoroldii (Stapf ex Hemsl.) Bor were up to 42.7 μg/g (dry weight basis), which is an order of magnitude higher than the allowable limit in animal feeds. The locally farmed yaks are exposed to the excessive amount of F and As with high exposure risk through water-drinking and grass-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
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Biamont-Rojas IE, Cardoso-Silva S, Figueira RCL, Kim BSM, Alfaro-Tapia R, Pompêo M. Spatial distribution of arsenic and metals suggest a high ecotoxicological potential in Puno Bay, Lake Titicaca, Peru. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162051. [PMID: 36754329 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distribution and interpolation methods provide a summarized overview about the pollution dispersion, concerning the environment's quality. A high-altitude lake was taken as a model to assess the metalloid As and metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn distribution in superficial sediment and classify them according to their ecotoxicological potential in the aquatic environment. Surface sediments were collected from 11 sites along Puno Bay located at the western area of Lake Titicaca, Peru, and analyzed for pseudo total-metals. Sediment concentration data and quality were plotted using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) as an interpolation method. High concentrations of As were found especially in the outer bay (81.73 mg.kg-1). Spatial heterogeneity was evidenced for metal by the coefficient of variation, although no significative differences were observed between the two bays applying a Kruskall Wallis test (p < 0.05, df = 1). Sediment quality classification showed that most metal values were below TEL and toxicity was unlikely to occur, only As exceeded threefold PEL values, which categorized sediment as "Very Bad", indicating a rather high ecotoxicological potential to the aquatic environment. In conclusion, spatial analysis connected to interpolation methods demonstrated the superficial sediment heterogeneity in Puno Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Edward Biamont-Rojas
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, 18087-180 Sorocaba, Brazil.
| | - Sheila Cardoso-Silva
- Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Sung Mi Kim
- Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - René Alfaro-Tapia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, National University of the Altiplano (UNAP), Av. Floral N° 1153, 21001 Puno, Peru
| | - Marcelo Pompêo
- Ecology Department, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, n° 321, Cidade Universitária 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fu Q, Li X, Zhang G, Li X. A temperature and vent opening couple model in solar greenhouses for vegetable cultivation based on dynamic solar heat load using computational fluid dynamics simulations. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Fu
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- School of Information Science and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xinxing Li
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Guoxiang Zhang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
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Ligate F, Lucca E, Ijumulana J, Irunde R, Kimambo V, Mtamba J, Ahmad A, Hamisi R, Maity JP, Mtalo F, Bhattacharya P. Geogenic contaminants and groundwater quality around Lake Victoria goldfields in northwestern Tanzania. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135732. [PMID: 35872057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Geogenic contamination of groundwater is frequently associated with gold mining activities and related to drinking water quality problems worldwide. In Tanzania, elevated levels of trace elements (TEs) have been reported in drinking water sources within the Lake Victoria Basin, posing a serious health risk to communities. The present study aims to assess the groundwater quality with a focus on the concentration levels of geogenic contaminants in groundwater around the Lake Victoria goldfields in Geita and Mara districts. The water samples were collected from community drinking water sources and were analysed for physiochemical parameters (pH, EC, Eh), major ions, and trace elements. The analysed major ions included Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, HCO3- and Cl- whereas the trace elements were As, Al, Li, Ba, B, Ti, V, U, Zr, Sr, Si, Mn Mo, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cd, and V. The present study revealed that the concentration levels of the major ions were mostly within the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standards in the following order of their relative abundance; for cations, Ca2+∼Na+>Mg2+>K+ and for anions was HCO3- > SO42- > NO3-, Cl- > PO43-. Statistical and geochemical modelling software such as 'R Studio', IBM SPSS, geochemical workbench, visual MINTEQ were used to understand the groundwater chemistry and evaluate its suitability for drinking purpose. The concentration of As in groundwater sources varies between below detection limit (bdl) and 300 μg/L, with highest levels in streams followed by shallow wells and boreholes. In approximately 48% of the analysed samples, As concentration exceeded the WHO drinking water guideline and Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) guideline for drinking water value of 10 μg/L. The concentration of the analyzed TEs and mean values of physicochemical parameters were below the guideline limits based on WHO and TBS standards. The Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) shows that the overall water quality is acceptable with minimum threats of deviation from natural conditions. We recommend further geochemical exploration and the periodic risk assessment of groundwater in mining areas where high levels of As were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanuel Ligate
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden; DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Chemistry, Mkwawa University College of Education, University of Dar Es Salaam, 2513, Iringa, Tanzania.
| | - Enrico Lucca
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, The University of Florence, Cascine, Florence, 18 50144, Italy
| | - Julian Ijumulana
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden; DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Regina Irunde
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden; DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Vivian Kimambo
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden; DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Joseph Mtamba
- DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Arslan Ahmad
- KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; SIBELCO Ankerpoort NV, Op de Bos 300, 6223 EP Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rajabu Hamisi
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Felix Mtalo
- DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTHRoyal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden; KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
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Arani EA, Hosseini SA, Javadi S, Ghazavi R. Field studies, ion analysis, and modeling of Kashan plain aquifer to predict the source of salinization. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:23. [PMID: 36279079 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The shortage of freshwater and salinization are considered two major development problems in arid and semi-arid regions. The growth of population, development of industry and agriculture, and climate change cause over-extraction of groundwater resources; consequently, the quality and quantity of groundwater decreased, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas. The present study investigates the reasons for salinization of the Kashan aquifer. In this study, 53 observation wells located in the aquifer were examined for qualitative study. A total of 80 samples were collected from selected wells over a period of 5 years (2005-2009) and analyzed for 9 chemical parameters (electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium(Ca2+, magnesium (Mg2+), chlorine (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO-3)). Groundwater table study shows that the direction of groundwater flow throughout the aquifer is often from the west to the east of the aquifer, except for the northeastern part of the aquifer, where a backflow from the northeast (salt lake) into the aquifer is visible. Results of ion analysis in different areas of the aquifer indicate the occurrence of upconing phenomenon in the center and south regions and the occurrence of saline water intrusion phenomenon in northeast regions. To simulate the condition of the Kashan aquifer for the next 50 years, a model of the quantity and quality of the aquifer was developed using the SEAWAT code. According to the results, the salinization of the Kashan plain aquifer should occur due to two main reasons: irregular groundwater extraction and upconing phenomenon and the intrusion of saline water from the salt lake towards the aquifer. The Kashan aquifer salinization forecast results show that the continuation of the current pumping activities for the next 50 years should increase the numbers of wells affected by salinity. Considering the critical situation of the Kashan aquifer and the existing serious threats, serious decisions and measures for the proper management of groundwater and aquifer protection are vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Aghabeiki Arani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Hosseini
- Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saman Javadi
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghazavi
- Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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Senarathne S, Jayawardana JMCK, Chandrajith R. Influence of climate on groundwater fluoride in different climatic domains in a hard rock terrain of Sri Lanka: implications to community health. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3677-3686. [PMID: 34689287 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health risks associated with excessive intake of fluoride through drinking water are one of the geoenvironmental health problems observed in many parts of the world, mainly in countries of the humid tropical belt, including Sri Lanka. Fluoride-related health problems are widespread in the dry climatic region compared to the wet climatic zone of Sri Lanka. The potential health risks of fluoride for communities in a river basin which drains through two climatic zones, viz. wet and dry zones, were investigated in this study. Sixty-three groundwater samples were collected from wells in the Walawe river basin during pre- and post-monsoon periods. From collected samples, ten selected samples were analyzed for their tritium (3H) levels to find out the approximate resident time of groundwater. In the river basin, the dry zone segment is characterized by elevated levels of fluoride (> 1.0 mg/L) in groundwater. Groundwater fluoride in the region was primarily of geogenic origin. The tritium values showed older groundwater contained higher fluoride levels, showing a increased dissolution of fluoride-bearing minerals. The hazard quotient (HQfluoride) showed that about 45% of pre- and 55% of post-monsoon groundwater samples in the dry zone area were unsuitable for drinking purposes for school children who are vulnerable to non-carcinogenic risks and dental fluorosis. This study emphasizes the need for continuous water quality monitoring and mitigation measures to ensure the health of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachintha Senarathne
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihul Oya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihul Oya, Sri Lanka
| | - J M C K Jayawardana
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihul Oya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihul Oya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rohana Chandrajith
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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Li C, Bundschuh J, Gao X, Li Y, Zhang X, Luo W, Pan Z. Occurrence and behavior of arsenic in groundwater-aquifer system of irrigated areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155991. [PMID: 35588806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater arsenic pollution has received much attention worldwide for decades as a serious threat to public health, but the mechanisms responsible for arsenic mobilization are not fully understood. Groundwater and bore drilling sediment samples from Qiji county, a small geographical agricultural area with endemic arsenicosis, are collected for demonstrating the occurrence and speciation of arsenic in groundwater and sediments, and arsenic release between solid-liquid phase influenced by human activities. Results show that arsenic concentrations in groundwater vary from 5 μg/L to 19.6 μg/L, with 80% exceeding the maximum permissible limits required by WHO (10 μg/L) for drinking water and therefore constituting a health risk for humans. In a weak oxidizing environment (oxidation-reduction potential (ORP): 12.9 mV-151 mV), inorganic As(V) accounts for 85% of total dissolved As, which to some extent alleviates the harm of As pollution on humans. Total As content in the sediments is in the range of 6.98 mg/kg and 14.34 mg/kg (median of 10.71 mg/kg), three times higher than the average value of many countries. Sequential chemical leaching indicates that 11% of arsenic in sediments is labile bound and may be closely related to the arsenic in groundwater. Additionally, irrigation intensity contributes to arsenic release with diverse As3+/As5+ by dissolving weakly bound arsenic rapidly. Subsequently part of As(III) is oxidized to As(V). Competitive and/or alkaline desorption of As(V), which had been adsorbed by FeMn (hydrous)-oxides and carbonates in the unsaturated zone and the aquifer, exerts a significant role in releasing arsenic into the groundwater. Our study indicates that systematic management and regulation of irrigation intensity are required to prevent further deterioration of groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xubo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhendong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
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12
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Davies TC. The position of geochemical variables as causal co-factors of diseases of unknown aetiology. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 4:236. [PMID: 35909942 PMCID: PMC9326422 DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-05113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The term diseases of unknown aetiology (DUA) or idiopathic diseases is used to describe diseases that are of uncertain or unknown cause or origin. Among plausible geoenvironmental co-factors in causation of DUA, this article focusses on the entry of trace elements, including metals and metalloids into humans, and their involvement in humoral and cellular immune responses, representing potentially toxic agents with implications as co-factors for certain DUA. Several trace elements/metals/metalloids (micronutrients) play vital roles as co-factors for essential enzymes and antioxidant molecules, thus, conferring protection against disease. However, inborn errors of trace element/metal/metalloid metabolisms can occur to produce toxicity, such as when there are basic defects in the element transport mechanism. Ultimately, it is the amount of trace element, metal or metalloid that is taken up, its mode of accumulation in human tissues, and related geomedical attributes such as the chemical form and bioavailability that decisively determine whether the exerted effects are toxic or beneficial. Several case descriptions of DUA that are common worldwide are given to illustrate our knowledge so far of how trace element/metal/metalloid interactions in the immune system may engender its dysregulation and be implicated as causal co-factors of DUA. Article highlights The importance of a proper understanding of geochemical perturbations in human metabolisms is emphasisedIt is proferred that such an understanding would aid greatly in the decipherment of diseases of unknown aetiology (DUA)The thesis presented may pave the way towards better diagnosis and therapy of DUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilus C. Davies
- Present Address: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, 511 Mangosuthu Highway, 4031, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
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13
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Menhas S, Yang X, Hayat K, Aftab T, Bundschuh J, Arnao MB, Zhou Y, Zhou P. Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Cd Tolerance and Phytoremediation Efficiency by Ameliorating Cd-Induced Stress in Oilseed Crops: A Review. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022; 41:922-935. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
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14
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Morales-Simfors N, Bundschuh J. Arsenic-rich geothermal fluids as environmentally hazardous materials - A global assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152669. [PMID: 34968591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic-rich geothermal fluids are hazardous materials of global impact, affecting different environments (groundwater, surface water, seawater, sediments, soils, atmosphere) and human and animal health. They can be released naturally or through human activities. For the first time, a systematic global assessment of geothermal arsenic (As) in fluids of the six principal types of geothermal reservoirs and their environmental impact (e.g. freshwater sources used for drinking and irrigation), distinguishing between different uses (if any), was performed based on research of the geochemical characteristics and geotectonic setting of the formation of natural geothermal reservoirs worldwide. This will assist to further improve the sustainability of geothermal energy use, which can be an excellent environmental friendly renewable energy resource for electric power production and direct heat use. Arsenic in geothermal fluids (up to several tens of mg/L) originates especially in deep seated (several kilometers) reservoirs. Proper management of geothermal fluids during exploration, exploitation, use and disposal of resulting waste products through sustainable As mitigation strategies are essential. However, more research about As speciation and volatile As is necessary to fulfil this aim. Therefore As (and its principal species) needs to be included as parameter for standard analysis and monitoring program in any project using geothermal fluids from exploration to management of resulting wastes as base to define appropriate mitigation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nury Morales-Simfors
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digitala Industriella Autonoma System, Linköpings Universitet, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- Doctoral Program in Science, Technology, Environment, and Mathematics. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia Yi 62102, Taiwan; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia.
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15
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Lagunas‐Rangel FA, Linnea‐Niemi JV, Kudłak B, Williams MJ, Jönsson J, Schiöth HB. Role of the Synergistic Interactions of Environmental Pollutants in the Development of Cancer. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000552. [PMID: 35493962 PMCID: PMC9036628 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing awareness that the large number of environmental pollutants we are exposed to on a daily basis are causing major health problems. Compared to traditional studies that focus on individual pollutants, there are relatively few studies on how pollutants mixtures interact. Several studies have reported a relationship between environmental pollutants and the development of cancer, even when pollutant levels are below toxicity reference values. The possibility of synergistic interactions between different pollutants could explain how even low concentrations can cause major health problems. These intricate that molecular interactions can occur through a wide variety of mechanisms, and our understanding of the physiological effects of mixtures is still limited. The purpose of this paper is to discuss recent reports that address possible synergistic interactions between different types of environmental pollutants that could promote cancer development. Our literature studies suggest that key biological pathways are frequently implicated in such processes. These include increased production of reactive oxygen species, activation by cytochrome P450, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, among others. We discuss the need to understand individual pathological vulnerability not only in relation to basic genetics and gene expression, but also in terms of measurable exposure to contaminants. We also mention the need for significant improvements in future studies using a multitude of disciplines, such as the development of high-throughput study models, better tools for quantifying pollutants in cancer patients, innovative pharmacological and toxicological studies, and high-efficiency computer analysis, which allow us to analyze the molecular mechanisms of mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenni Viivi Linnea‐Niemi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Błażej Kudłak
- Faculty of ChemistryDepartment of Analytical ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Michael J. Williams
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Jörgen Jönsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Helgi B. Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Institute of Translational Medicine and BiotechnologyI. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
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16
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Rice Industry By-Products as Adsorbent Materials for Removing Fluoride and Arsenic from Drinking Water—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In drinking water, high concentrations of fluoride and arsenic can have adverse effects on human health. Waste deriving from the rice industry (rice husk, rice straw, rice bran) can be promising adsorbent materials, because they are (i) produced in large quantities in many parts of the world, (ii) recoverable in a circular economy perspective, (iii) at low cost if compared to expensive conventional activated carbon, and (iv) easily manageable even in developing countries. For the removal of fluoride, rice husk and rice straw allowed to obtain adsorption capacities in the range of 7.9–15.2 mg/g. Using rice husk for arsenic adsorption, excellent results were achieved with adsorption capacities above 19 mg/g. The best results both for fluorides and arsenic (>50 mg/g) were found with metal- or chemical-modified rice straw and rice husk. Identifying the next steps of future research to ensure the upscaling of biochar from recovered by-products, it is fundamental to perform: (i) tests on real waters for multicomponent adsorption; (ii) experiments with pilot plants in continuous operation; (iii) cost analysis/real applicability of modification treatments such as metal coupling or chemical synthesis; (iv) more studies on the biochar stability and on its regeneration or recovery after use.
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17
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Ma Y, Ankit, Tiwari J, Bauddh K. Plant-Mycorrhizal Fungi Interactions in Phytoremediation of Geogenic Contaminated Soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:843415. [PMID: 35283821 PMCID: PMC8908265 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.843415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil contamination by geogenic contaminants (GCs) represents an imperative environmental problem. Various soil remediation methods have been successfully employed to ameliorate the health risks associated with GCs. Phytoremediation is considered as an eco-friendly and economical approach to revegetate GC-contaminated soils. However, it is a very slow process, as plants take a considerable amount of time to gain biomass. Also, the process is limited only to the depth and surface area of the root. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with remediating plants has been found to accelerate the phytoremediation process by enhancing plant biomass and their metal accumulation potential while improving the soil physicochemical and biological characteristics. Progress in the field application is hindered by a lack of understanding of complex interactions between host plant and AMF that contribute to metal detoxification/(im)mobilization/accumulation/translocation. Thus, this review is an attempt to reveal the underlying mechanisms of plant-AMF interactions in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ankit
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - Jaya Tiwari
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kuldeep Bauddh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
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18
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Goren AY, Kobya M, Khataee A. How does arsenic speciation (arsenite and arsenate) in groundwater affect the performance of an aerated electrocoagulation reactor and human health risk? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152135. [PMID: 34864021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) occurrence in water resources has become one of the most critical environmental problems worldwide. The detrimental health impacts on humans have been reported due to the consumption of As-contaminated groundwater resources. Consumption of As-containing water over the long term can cause arsenicosis and chronic effects on human health due to its toxicity. Several treatment processes are available for As removals such as coagulation, ion exchange, adsorption, and membrane technologies but they have various major drawbacks. In the present work, therefore, an aerated electrocoagulation (EC) system with aluminum anodes was operated for simultaneous arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) removal to overcome the disadvantages of other processes such as, sludge formation, difficulties in operation, high operating costs, high energy consumption, and the requirement of pre-treatment process and to enhance the conventional EC process. The combined effects of the applied current (0.075-0.3 A), aeration rate (0-6 L/min), pH (6.5-8.5), and As speciation (As(V)-As(III)) were studied on As removal efficiency. The findings revealed that As removal mostly depended on the airflow rate and the applied current in the EC system. The highest As removal efficiency (99.1%) was obtained at an airflow rate of 6 L/min, a pH of 6.5, an initial As (V) concentration of 200 μg/L, and a current of 0.3 A, with an energy consumption of 2.85 kWh/m3 and an operating cost of 0.66 $/m3. The human health risk assessment of treated water was also examined to understand the performance of the EC system. At most of the experimental runs, the chronic toxic risk (CTR) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of As were within the permissible limits except for an airflow rate of 0-2 L/min, an initial pH of 8.5, and a current of 0.075-0.15 A for high initial As (III) concentrations. Overall, the As removal performance and groundwater risk assessment show that the EC process is a promising option for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Yagmur Goren
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kobya
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey; Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 720000 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey; Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Tomašek I, Mouri H, Dille A, Bennett G, Bhattacharya P, Brion N, Elskens M, Fontijn K, Gao Y, Gevera PK, Ijumulana J, Kisaka M, Leermakers M, Shemsanga C, Walraevens K, Wragg J, Kervyn M. Naturally occurring potentially toxic elements in groundwater from the volcanic landscape around Mount Meru, Arusha, Tanzania and their potential health hazard. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150487. [PMID: 34600984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The population of the semi-arid areas of the countries in the East African Rift Valley (EARV) is faced with serious problems associated with the availability and the quality of the drinking water. In these areas, the drinking water supply largely relies on groundwater characterised by elevated fluoride concentration (> 1.5 mg/L), resulting from interactions with the surrounding alkaline volcanic rocks. This geochemical anomaly is often associated with the presence of other naturally occurring potentially toxic elements (PTEs), such as As, Mo, U, V, which are known to cause adverse effects on human health. This study reports on the occurrence of such PTEs in the groundwater on the populated flanks of Mt. Meru, an active volcano situated in the EARV. Our results show that the majority of analysed PTEs (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, Sr, Pb, and Zn) are within the acceptable limits for drinking purpose in samples collected from wells, springs and tap systems, suggesting that there is no immediate health risk associated with these PTEs. However, some of the samples were found to exceed the WHO tolerance limit for U (> 30 μg/L) and Mo (> 70 μg/L). The sample analysis also revealed that in some of the collected samples, the concentrations of total dissolved solids, Na+ and K+ exceed the permissible limits. The concerning levels of major parameters and PTEs were found to be associated with areas covered with debris avalanche deposits on the northeast flank, and volcanic ash and alluvial deposits on the southwest flanks of the volcano. The study highlights the need to extend the range of elements monitored in the regional groundwater and make a more routine measurement of PTEs to ensure drinking water safety and effective water management measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Tomašek
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC) group, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Physical Geography (FARD) group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Hassina Mouri
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Antoine Dille
- Physical Geography (FARD) group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - George Bennett
- Laboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, University of Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
| | - Natacha Brion
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC) group, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Marc Elskens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC) group, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Karen Fontijn
- Laboratoire G-Time, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Society, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC) group, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | | | - Julian Ijumulana
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden; DAFWAT Research Group, Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mary Kisaka
- Physical Geography (FARD) group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Department of Geology, University of Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Martine Leermakers
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC) group, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | | | - Kristine Walraevens
- Laboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Joanna Wragg
- British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthieu Kervyn
- Physical Geography (FARD) group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
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20
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Sadhu M, Bhattacharya P, Vithanage M, Padmaja Sudhakar P. Adsorptive removal of fluoride using biochar – A potential application in drinking water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Associations between Dust Exposure and Hospitalizations in El Paso, Texas, USA. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12111413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Southwestern USA has been identified as one of the most persistent dust-producing regions of North America, where exposure to inhalable particulate matter (PM10) originating from desertic landscape during dust events/dust exposures (DEs) can reach hazardous levels. El Paso, Texas’s ambient air has reached hazardous levels of PM10 from dust with near zero visibility due to these natural events originating in the surrounding Chihuahuan Desert. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dust exposures in El Paso (generally acute, short-term exposures from nearby source areas) are associated with significant increases in hospitalizations on the day of the exposure and up to seven days afterwards. Using a Poisson regression, it was found that the relative risks of hospitalizations due to a variety of conditions were associated with dust exposures (through increases of 100 μg/m3 maximum hourly PM10 and/or increases of 4.5 m/s maximum hourly wind speed) in El Paso County, Texas between 2010 and 2014. Valley fever, coronary atherosclerosis, genitourinary diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, injury and poisoning, circulatory system conditions, respiratory system diseases, births, septicemia, Associated Diseases (the aggregation of hospital admissions for all causes, each associated with at least 5% of hospitalizations), and all ICD-9 admissions were significantly positively associated with dust exposures, indicated from higher to lower significant risk, at different lag periods after exposure. These findings, showing that an association does exist between dust exposures and hospitalizations, have important implications for residents of the world’s dryland cities.
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Ligate F, Ijumulana J, Ahmad A, Kimambo V, Irunde R, Mtamba JO, Mtalo F, Bhattacharya P. Groundwater resources in the East African Rift Valley: Understanding the geogenic contamination and water quality challenges in Tanzania. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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23
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Bundschuh J, Schneider J, Alam MA, Niazi NK, Herath I, Parvez F, Tomaszewska B, Guilherme LRG, Maity JP, López DL, Cirelli AF, Pérez-Carrera A, Morales-Simfors N, Alarcón-Herrera MT, Baisch P, Mohan D, Mukherjee A. Seven potential sources of arsenic pollution in Latin America and their environmental and health impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146274. [PMID: 34030289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a holistic overview of the occurrence, mobilization, and pathways of arsenic (As) from predominantly geogenic sources into different near-surface environmental compartments, together with the respective reported or potential impacts on human health in Latin America. The main sources and pathways of As pollution in this region include: (i) volcanism and geothermalism: (a) volcanic rocks, fluids (e.g., gases) and ash, including large-scale transport of the latter through different mechanisms, (b) geothermal fluids and their exploitation; (ii) natural lixiviation and accelerated mobilization from (mostly sulfidic) metal ore deposits by mining and related activities; (iii) coal deposits and their exploitation; (iv) hydrocarbon reservoirs and co-produced water during exploitation; (v) solute and sediment transport through rivers to the sea; (vi) atmospheric As (dust and aerosol); and (vii) As exposure through geophagy and involuntary ingestion. The two most important and well-recognized sources and mechanisms for As release into the Latin American population's environments are: (i) volcanism and geothermalism, and (ii) strongly accelerated As release from geogenic sources by mining and related activities. Several new analyses from As-endemic areas of Latin America emphasize that As-related mortality and morbidity continue to rise even after decadal efforts towards lowering As exposure. Several public health regulatory institutions have classified As and its compounds as carcinogenic chemicals, as As uptake can affect several organ systems, viz. dermal, gastrointestinal, peptic, neurological, respiratory, reproductive, following exposure. Accordingly, ingesting large amounts of As can damage the stomach, kidneys, liver, heart, and nervous system; and, in severe cases, may cause death. Moreover, breathing air with high As levels can cause lung damage, shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. Further, As compounds, being corrosive, can also cause skin lesions or damage eyes, and long-term exposure to As can lead to cancer development in several organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jerusa Schneider
- Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Institute of Geosciences, University of Campinas, 13083-855 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, João Rosa Góes St., 1761, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Mohammad Ayaz Alam
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Chile
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Indika Herath
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 60 Haven Ave, B-1, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Barbara Tomaszewska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Dina L López
- Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University, 316 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Alicia Fernández Cirelli
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Centro de Estudios, Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Alejo Pérez-Carrera
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Centro de Estudios Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Orgánica de Biomoléculas, Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Nury Morales-Simfors
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Division ICT-RISE SICS East, Linköping SE-581.83, Sweden
| | - Maria Teresa Alarcón-Herrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Sustentable, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados SC Unidad Durango, C. CIMAV # 110, Ejido Arroyo Seco, Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Paulo Baisch
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, CP 474, CEP 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abhijit Mukherjee
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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Co-Occurrence of Metal Contaminants in United States Public Water Systems in 2013-2015. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157884. [PMID: 34360177 PMCID: PMC8345721 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The United States Environmental Protection Agency monitors contaminants in drinking water and consolidates these results in the National Contaminant Occurrence Database. Our objective was to assess the co-occurrence of metal contaminants (total chromium, hexavalent chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, cobalt, and strontium) over the years 2013–2015. We used multilevel Tobit regression models with state and water system-level random intercepts to predict the geometric mean of each contaminant occurring in each public water system, and estimated the pairwise correlations of predicted water system-specific geometric means across contaminants. We found that the geometric means of vanadium and total chromium were positively correlated both in large public water systems (r = 0.45, p < 0.01) and in small public water systems (r = 0.47, p < 0.01). Further research may address the cumulative human health impacts of ingesting more than one contaminant in drinking water.
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Samal AC, Bhattacharya P, Biswas P, Maity JP, Bundschuh J, Santra SC. Variety-specific arsenic accumulation in 44 different rice cultivars (O. sativa L.) and human health risks due to co-exposure of arsenic-contaminated rice and drinking water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124804. [PMID: 33333390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (carcinogenic) is a global health concern due to its presence in groundwater and subsequent accumulation in cultivated-rice via irrigation. The present work focused on the evaluation of arsenic concentration in groundwater, different cultivated-rice varieties (studied together for the first-time) and related health-risks. Arsenic in groundwater (0.26-0.73 mg/L) exceeded the World Health Organization limit for drinking water (0.01 mg/L). Arsenic concentration in rice-grains was found in the range: < 0.0003-2.6 mg/kg dry-weights, where 42 rice varieties (out of total 44) exceeded the Codex Alimentarius Commission limit of polished-rice (0.2 mg/kg). The variety-specific differential-response of arsenic-accumulation was observed (first-time report), where high yielding rice varieties (HYV) were more prone to accumulate arsenic in comparison to local varieties (LV), however, 'Radhunipagol' (an aromatic LV) exhibited as a moderate arsenic-accumulator (BCF = 2.8). The cumulative estimated-daily-intakes (EDICumulative) of arsenic in central-tendency-exposure were observed to be 0.029, 0.031 and 0.04 mg/kg-day among children, teenagers and adults, respectively. The EDICumulative for possible reasonable-maximum-exposure among the above mentioned subpopulation was 0.038, 0.04 and 0.05 mg/kg-day, respectively. The evaluated Cumulative Hazard Index and Individual Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk values suggested that the studied population is under extremely severe cancerous and noncancerous risks to arsenic co-exposures via drinking water and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok C Samal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Piyal Bhattacharya
- Department of Environmental Science, Kanchrapara College, West Bengal 743145, India.
| | - Priyanka Biswas
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Subhas C Santra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
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Maity JP, Chen CY, Bhattacharya P, Sharma RK, Ahmad A, Patnaik S, Bundschuh J. Advanced application of nano-technological and biological processes as well as mitigation options for arsenic removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:123885. [PMID: 33183836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) removal is a huge challenge, since several million people are potentially exposed (>10 μg/L World Health Organization guideline limit) through As contaminated drinking water worldwide. Review attempts to address the present situation of As removal, considering key topics on nano-technological and biological process and current progress and future perspectives of possible mitigation options have been evaluated. Different physical, chemical and biological methods are available to remove As from contaminated water/soil/wastes, where removal efficiency mainly depends on absorbent type, initial adsorbate concentration, speciation and interfering species. Oxidation is an important pretreatment step in As removal, which is generally achieved by several media such as O2/O3, HClO, KMnO4 and H2O2. The Fe-based-nanomaterials (α/β/γ-FeOOH, Fe2O3/Fe3O4-γ-Fe2O3), Fe-based-composite-compounds, activated-Al2O3, HFO, Fe-Al2O3, Fe2O3-impregnated-graphene-aerogel, iron-doped-TiO2, aerogel-based- CeTiO2, and iron-oxide-coated-manganese are effective to remove As from contaminated water. Biological processes (phytoremediation/microbiological) are effective and ecofriendly for As removal from water and/or soil environment. Microorganisms remove As from water, sediments and soil by metabolism, detoxification, oxidation-reduction, bio-adsorption, bio-precipitation, and volatilization processes. Ecofriendly As mitigation options can be achieved by utilizing an alternative As-safe-aquifer, surface-water or rainwater-harvesting. Application of hybrid (biological with chemical and physical process) and Best-Available-Technologies (BAT) can be the most effective As removal strategy to remediate As contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, AIM-HI, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min- Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan; School of Applied Science, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Chien-Yen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, AIM-HI, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min- Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan.
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic Within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Raju Kumar Sharma
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, AIM-HI, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min- Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Arslan Ahmad
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands; SIBELCO Ankerpoort NV, Op de Bos 300, 6223 EP Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sneha Patnaik
- School of Public Health, KIMS Medical College, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic Within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
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Chen Z, Yang J, Zhu L, Zhang A, Wang Z, Liu P, Wang G, Li C, Luo T, Zhou Y. Classification of typical hot springs and their relationship with health in Guizhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1287-1304. [PMID: 32974884 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aim to classify typical hot springs in Guizhou, China and their relevance to health. Assessing geochemical characters of typical hot springs of Guizhou and classifying through hierarchical cluster analysis, an epidemiologic study was conducted to analyze the correlation between hot spring types and health, which showed typical hot springs in Guizhou can be divided into two types, A and B. Type A is rich in fluorine, metasilicic acid, radon components and a large number of essential elements, such as Na, that the human body needs, with trace elements, such as Cr and V, that are essential or possibly essential. Type B is rich in fluorine, metasilicate, strontium components and a large number of essential elements, Ca, Mg, and S, with trace elements, Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, and Ni, that are essential or possibly essential. These hot springs' effects on the health of those bathing in them showed both types were associated with bone and joint diseases. Having bathed in hot springs during the past year was associated with skin symptoms and bone and joint symptoms, and having bathed within the past two weeks was linked to sleep quality and levels of appetite and energy. However, differences do exist between the correlation between the two types and some chronic diseases, with Type A hot springs significantly related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes and Type B to hypertension. This classification of Guizhou's hot springs can guide the future development and use of hot spring physiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Chen
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
- No.117 Geological Team, Bureauog Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, University town, Gui'an New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, University town, Gui'an New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziyun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, University town, Gui'an New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Liu
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganlu Wang
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Luo
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- No.114 Geological Team, Bureauog Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, People's Republic of China
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Yang Y, Deng Y, Xie X, Gan Y, Li J. Iron isotope evidence for arsenic mobilization in shallow multi-level alluvial aquifers of Jianghan Plain, central China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111120. [PMID: 32861962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intake of groundwater with arsenic (As) concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization standard of 10 μg L-1 adversely impacts over 100 million people worldwide. Geogenic As contaminated groundwater within central Yangtze River Basin has recently been reported, but the variations within different depths of aquifers are not commonly observed and the processes controlling As variations have yet to be resolved. Here we report the significant As variations within two different depths (10 m and 25 m) of shallow multi-level alluvial aquifers at Jianghan Plain, a floodplain in the central Yangtze River Basin, which is also a recently discovered geogenic As affected area with cases of waterborne arsenicosis. The multi-year monitoring of aquifer chemistry results show that the As concentrations increase with the Fe(II) concentrations when As contents are relatively lower (<200 μg L-1) in upper phreatic aquitard (at 10 m depth), while decrease with Fe(II) concentrations when As contents are much greater in lower confined aquifer (at 25 m depth), and the highest is up to 1070 μg L-1. Iron isotope analysis were conducive to characterize Fe cycling in the aquifers and thus illustrate geochemical processes controlling As mobilization of shallow groundwaters. Results showed that groundwater is generally enriched in isotopically light Fe with δ56Fe values between - 1.60‰ and + 0.06‰ (median - 0.55‰). In the upper phreatic aquitard, microbial reductive dissolution of As-associated Fe(III) oxides, hydroxides and oxyhydroxides is the major process controlling As concentrations lower than 200 μg L-1. The reduction process could lead to the increasing As concentrations with the gradually increasing δ56Fe values, and a positive correlation between Fe and δ56Fe, and between dissolved As and δ56Fe values is observed, respectively. In strongly reducing conditions as the lower confined aquifer, jointly microbial reduction of sulfate promotes the As mobilization through HS- abiotic reduction of Fe(III) minerals, resulting in As concentrations greater than 200 μg L-1. These findings could provide new insights for differentiating the major factors controlling As mobilization at different depths of aquifers, and provide better water managements for similar geogenic As-affected shallow alluvial aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yamin Deng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Xianjun Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yiqun Gan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Junxia Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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Ahmad M, Usman ARA, Hussain Q, Al-Farraj ASF, Tsang YF, Bundschuh J, Al-Wabel MI. Fabrication and evaluation of silica embedded and zerovalent iron composited biochars for arsenate removal from water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115256. [PMID: 32712479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Waste date palm-derived biochar (DPBC) was modified with nano-zerovalent iron (BC-ZVI) and silica (BC-SiO2) through mechanochemical treatments and evaluated for arsenate (As(V)) removal from water. The feedstock and synthesized adsorbents were characterized through proximate, ultimate, and chemical analyses for structural, surface, and mineralogical compositions. BC-ZVI demonstrated the highest surface area and contents of C, N, and H. A pH range of 2-6 was optimum for BC-ZVI (100% removal), 3-6 for DPBC (89% removal), and 4-6 for BC-SiO2 (18% removal). Co-occurring PO43- and SO42- ions showed up to 100% reduction, while NO3- and Cl- ions resulted in up to 26% reduction in As(V) removal. Fitness of the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms to As(V) adsorption data suggested that both mono- and multi-layer adsorption processes occurred. BC-ZVI showed superior performance by demonstrating the highest Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity (26.52 mg g-1), followed by DPBC, BC-SiO2, and commercial activated carbon (AC) (7.33, 5.22, and 3.28 mg g-1, respectively). Blockage of pores with silica particles in BC-SiO2 resulted in lower As(V) removal than that of DPBC. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well with the As(V) adsorption data (R2 = 0.99), while the Elovich, intraparticle diffusion, and power function models showed a moderate fitness (R2 = 0.53-0.93). The dynamics of As(V) adsorption onto the tested adsorbents exhibited the highest adsorption rates for BC-ZVI. As(V) adsorption onto the tested adsorbents was confirmed through post-adsorption FTIR, SEM-EDS, and XRD analyses. Adsorption of As(V) onto DPBC, BC-SiO2, and AC followed electrostatic interactions, surface complexation, and intraparticle diffusion, whereas, these mechanisms were further abetted by the higher surface area, nano-sized structure, and redox reactions of BC-ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir Ahmad
- Soil Sciences Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel R A Usman
- Soil Sciences Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Qaiser Hussain
- Institute of Soil Science, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S F Al-Farraj
- Soil Sciences Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
| | - Mohammad I Al-Wabel
- Soil Sciences Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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30
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Ijumulana J, Ligate F, Bhattacharya P, Mtalo F, Zhang C. Spatial analysis and GIS mapping of regional hotspots and potential health risk of fluoride concentrations in groundwater of northern Tanzania. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 735:139584. [PMID: 32485458 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Safe drinking water supply systems in naturally contaminated hydrogeological environments require precise geoinformation on contamination hotspots. Spatial statistical methods and GIS were used to study fluoride occurrence in groundwater and identify significant spatial patterns using fluoride concentrations. The global and local Morans I indices were used. While the significant positive global Morans I index indicated spatial structure in fluoride occurrence, the significant spatial clusters were identified using local Morans I index and mapped at p-value of 0.05. The spatial clusters demonstrated patterns of drinking water sources with fluoride concentrations below or above WHO guideline and Tanzania standard for drinking water and were considered as 'regional fluoride cool spots' and 'regional fluoride contamination hotspots', respectively. Two regional fluoride contamination hotspots were identified and mapped around the Stratovolcano Mountains in the north-east and south-west of the study area; and along the Neogene Quaternary volcanic formations and Palaeo-Neoproterozoic East African Orogen (Mozambique Belt). The two largest regional fluoride cool spots dominated the major and minor rift escarpments in the west and east of the study area respectively while the small ones emerged around the volcanic mountains in the north and south. Furthermore, significant spatial outliers emerged at the boundary of regional fluoride hotspots and cool spots as an indication of the spatial processes controlling the mobilization of fluoride in groundwater. While all water sources in the cool spots had fluoride concentrations below 1.5 mg/L, some had extremely low concentrations below 0.5 mg/L which is not safe for human consumption. For hotspots, 96% of water sources had fluoride concentrations above 1.5 mg/L. The probability of having safe source of drinking water varied from one geological unit to another with sources in the Neogene Quaternary volcanic formations having least probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Ijumulana
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Fanuel Ligate
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Chemistry, Mkwawa College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Mtalo
- Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health (INEH), School of Geography and Archaeology & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Goren AY, Kobya M, Oncel MS. Arsenite removal from groundwater by aerated electrocoagulation reactor with Al ball electrodes: Human health risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126363. [PMID: 32151809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of conventional electrocoagulation (EC) process for removal of As(III) from groundwater suffers from the need of external oxidation agent for oxidation of As(III) to As(V). To tackle this limitation, an aerated EC reactor for the removal of As(III) from groundwater was evaluated in this study. The effect of initial pHi, air flow rate, applied current, and electrode height in the EC reactor was examined. The experimental results showed that removal of arsenic mostly dependent on the applied current, electrode height in EC reactor, and air flow rate. The As(III) removal efficiency (99.2%) was maximum at pHi of 7.5, air flow rate of 6 L min-1, applied current of 0.30 A, and electrode height in EC reactor of 5 cm, with an total operating cost of 0.583 $ m-3. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk (CR) and non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic (As) was in the range of tolerable limits at all operating conditions except applied current of 0.075 A at the end of the aerated EC process to remove As from groundwater. The present EC reactor process is able to remove As(III) from groundwater to below 10 μg L-1, which is maximum contaminant level of arsenic in drinking water according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Goren
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - M Kobya
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze, Turkey
| | - M S Oncel
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze, Turkey
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Quino Lima I, Ramos Ramos O, Ormachea Muñoz M, Quintanilla Aguirre J, Duwig C, Maity JP, Sracek O, Bhattacharya P. Spatial dependency of arsenic, antimony, boron and other trace elements in the shallow groundwater systems of the Lower Katari Basin, Bolivian Altiplano. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137505. [PMID: 32120110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spatial patterns, cluster or dispersion trends are statistically different from random patterns of trace elements (TEs), which are essential to recognize, e.g., how they are distributed and change their behavior in different environmental processes and/or in the polluted/contaminated areas caused by urban and industrial pollutant located in upstream basins and/or by different natural geological conditions. The present study focused on a statistical approach to obtain the spatial variability of TEs (As, B and Sb) in shallow groundwater (GW) in a high-altitude arid region (Lower Katari Basin, Bolivian Altiplano), using multivariate analysis (PCA and HCA), geochemical modeling (PHREEQC, MINTEQ) and spatial analyses (Moran's I and LISA), considering the community supply wells. The results indicate that despite of the outliers there is a good autocorrelation in all cases, since Moran's I values are positive. The global spatial dependence analysis indicated a positive and statistically significant spatial autocorrelation (SA) for all cases and TEs are not randomly distributed at 99% confidence level. The results of hydrochemical modeling suggested the precipitation and stability of Fe (III) phases such as goethite. The re-adsorption of As and Sb on the mineral surface in the aquifer could be limiting the concentrations of both metalloids in southern regions. Spatial autocorrelation was positive (High-High) in northwestern (arsenic), southeastern (boron) and northeastern (antimony) region. The results reflected that the As and Sb are the main pollutants linked to the natural geological conditions, but B is a main pollutant due to the anthropogenic activities. Furthermore, >50% shallow groundwater exceeded the WHO limit and NB-512 guideline values for Sb (87%), B (56%) and As (50%); therefore the spatial distribution and concentrations of these TEs in GW raise a significant concern about drinking water quality in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Quino Lima
- Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia; KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Oswaldo Ramos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mauricio Ormachea Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Jorge Quintanilla Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Celine Duwig
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering), IGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Ondra Sracek
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 7771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Civil Engineering & Surveying & International Centre for Applied Climate Science, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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Delgado Quezada V, Altamirano Espinoza M, Bundschuh J. Arsenic in geoenvironments of Nicaragua: Exposure, health effects, mitigation and future needs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:136527. [PMID: 32074937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other Latin American countries, where the presence of arsenic (As) in drinking water sources and related adverse human health impacts are well-known, little is internationally known from Nicaragua. However, the As problem is of high relevance as numerous assessments by national research, governmental and non-governmental institutions have proven. To assess for the first time and globally disseminate this predominantly nationally originated information is the aim of this review. In Nicaragua, >1000 water samples have been analyzed for total As from 1991 to 2017. By today, 144 communities distributed within 12 departments and one autonomous region (RACCS) are impacted with As. At least 55,700 people are exposed to drinking water with As (n = 173; range: 10-1320 μg/L, mean: 48.30 μg/L; 21.95%). Arsenic in surface water ranged from 0.99 to 2650 μg/L (n = 124, mean: 65.62 μg/L, 62.9% < 10 μg/L); and in groundwater from 0.10 to 1320 μg/L [n = 624, mean: 20.86 μg/L (70.7% < 10 μg/L)]. The highest As concentration was recorded from a well of the El Zapote community in 1996 (1320 μg/L), alerting national authorities and academic's to research As in water sources and health risks. Since then, 10 μg As/L has been the national regulatory limit for drinking water supplies. Occurrence of high As levels is linked to three geoenvironments: (i) Paleocene-Mesozoic metamorphic rocks (Northern Highlands) where As is present in epithermal veins, (ii) Tertiary volcanic rocks (Central Plateau) where As is related to fossil hydrothermal/volcanic systems, (iii) Quaternary rocks (Nicaragua Depression) where As is caused by active geothermal/volcanic activities. No mitigation measures have been implemented. Incipient water treatment efforts (Kanchan filters activated carbon) have failed because they were not socially accepted. More integrated, cross-sectorial research on genesis, health impacts and problem mitigation is needed. Provision of water treatment units for As removal on a single-household and community scale is needed, calling for the cooperation of national entities with communities in problem detection and solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Delgado Quezada
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia; Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua (CIRA/UNAN-Managua). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua. Del Hospital Monte España 300 metros al Norte, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Maximina Altamirano Espinoza
- Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua (CIRA/UNAN-Managua). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua. Del Hospital Monte España 300 metros al Norte, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia.
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Aullón Alcaine A, Schulz C, Bundschuh J, Jacks G, Thunvik R, Gustafsson JP, Mörth CM, Sracek O, Ahmad A, Bhattacharya P. Hydrogeochemical controls on the mobility of arsenic, fluoride and other geogenic co-contaminants in the shallow aquifers of northeastern La Pampa Province in Argentina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136671. [PMID: 32050319 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Elevated Arsenic (As) and Fluoride (F) concentrations in groundwater have been studied in the shallow aquifers of northeastern of La Pampa province, in the Chaco-Pampean plain, Argentina. The source of As and co-contaminants is mainly geogenic, from the weathering of volcanic ash and loess (rhyolitic glass) that erupted from the Andean volcanic range. In this study we have assessed the groundwater quality in two semi-arid areas of La Pampa. We have also identified the spatial distribution of As and co-contaminants in groundwater and determined the major factors controlling the mobilization of As in the shallow aquifers. The groundwater samples were circum-neutral to alkaline (7.4 to 9.2), oxidizing (Eh ~0.24 V) and characterized by high salinity (EC = 456-11,400 μS/cm) and Na+-HCO3- water types in recharge areas. Carbonate concretions ("tosca") were abundant in the upper layers of the shallow aquifer. The concentration of total As (5.6 to 535 μg/L) and F (0.5 to 14.2 mg/L) were heterogeneous and exceeded the recommended WHO Guidelines and the Argentine Standards for drinking water. The predominant As species were arsenate As(V) oxyanions, determined by thermodynamic calculations. Arsenic was positively correlated with bicarbonate (HCO3-), fluoride (F), boron (B) and vanadium (V), but negatively correlated with iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), and manganese (Mn), which were present in low concentrations. The highest amount of As in sediments was from the surface of the dry lake. The mechanisms for As mobilization are associated with multiple factors: geochemical reactions, hydrogeological characteristics of the local aquifer and climatic factors. Desorption of As(V) at high pH, and ion competition for adsorption sites are considered the principal mechanisms for As mobilization in the shallow aquifers. In addition, the long-term consumption of the groundwater could pose a threat for the health of the local community and low cost remediation techniques are required to improve the drinking water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aullón Alcaine
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carlos Schulz
- Universidad Nacional de La Pampa (UNLPam), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Av. Uruguay 151, L6300 Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development & Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350 Queensland, Australia
| | - Gunnar Jacks
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roger Thunvik
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon-Petter Gustafsson
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl-Magnus Mörth
- Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ondra Sracek
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 7771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Arslan Ahmad
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development & Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350 Queensland, Australia.
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Gwenzi W. Occurrence, behaviour, and human exposure pathways and health risks of toxic geogenic contaminants in serpentinitic ultramafic geological environments (SUGEs): A medical geology perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134622. [PMID: 31693951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Serpentinitic ultramafic geological environments (SUGEs) contain toxic geogenic contaminants (TGCs). Yet comprehensive reviews on the medical geology of SUGEs are still lacking. The current paper posits that TGCs occur widely in SUGEs, and pose human health risks. The objectives of the review are to: (1) highlight the nature, occurrence and behaviour of TGCs associated with SUGEs; (2) discuss the human intake pathways and health risks of TGCs; (4) identify the key risk factors predisposing human health to TGCs particularly in Africa; and (5) highlight key knowledge gaps and future research directions. TGCs of human health concern in SUGEs include chrysotile asbestos, toxic metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, Co), and rare earth elements. Human intake of TGCs occur via inhalation, and ingestion of contaminated drinking water, wild foods, medicinal plants, animal foods, and geophagic earths. Occupational exposure may occur in the mining, milling, sculpturing, engraving, and carving industries. African populations are particularly at high risk due to: (1) widespread consumption of wild foods, medicinal plants, untreated drinking water, and geophagic earths; (2) weak and poorly enforced environmental, occupational, and public health regulations; and (3) lack of human health surveillance systems. Human health risks of chrysotile include asbestosis, cancers, and mesothelioma. Toxic metals are redox active, thus generate reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress. Dietary intake of iron and geophagy may increase the iron overload among native Africans who are genetically predisposed to such health risks. Synergistic interactions among TGCs particularly chrysotile and toxic metals may have adverse human health effects. The occurrence of SUGEs, coupled with the several risk factors in Africa, provides a unique and ideal setting for investigating the relationships between TGCs and human health risks. A conceptual framework for human health risk assessment and mitigation, and future research direction are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis Gwenzi
- Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
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Making Rainwater Harvesting a Key Solution for Water Management: The Universality of the Kilimanjaro Concept. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11205606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rainwater is conventionally perceived as an alternative drinking water source, mostly needed to meet water demand under particular circumstances, including under semi-arid conditions and on small islands. More recently, rainwater has been identified as a potential source of clean drinking water in cases where groundwater sources contain high concentrations of toxic geogenic contaminants. Specifically, this approach motivated the introduction of the Kilimanjaro Concept (KC) to supply fluoride-free water to the population of the East African Rift Valley (EARV). Clean harvested rainwater can either be used directly as a source of drinking water or blended with polluted natural water to meet drinking water guidelines. Current efforts towards the implementation of the KC in the EARV are demonstrating that harvesting rainwater is a potential universal solution to cover ever-increasing water demands while limiting adverse environmental impacts such as groundwater depletion and flooding. Indeed, all surface and subsurface water resources are replenished by precipitation (dew, hail, rain, and snow), with rainfall being the main source and major component of the hydrological cycle. Thus, rainwater harvesting systems entailing carefully harvesting, storing, and transporting rainwater are suitable solutions for water supply as long as rain falls on earth. Besides its direct use, rainwater can be infiltrating into the subsurface when and where it falls, thereby increasing aquifer recharge while minimizing soil erosion and limiting floods. The present paper presents an extension of the original KC by incorporating Chinese experience to demonstrate the universal applicability of the KC for water management, including the provision of clean water for decentralized communities.
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Maity JP, Ho PR, Huang YH, Sun AC, Chen CC, Chen CY. The removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing groundwater in In-situ and Ex-situ environment using novel natural magnetic rock material and synthesized magnetic material as adsorbent: A comparative assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:768-778. [PMID: 31344539 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The removal of arsenic from groundwater is an important issue for environmental safety and human health. Research focused on the comparative assessment of arsenic removal from arsenic-bearing groundwater and arsenic-containing-synthetic water (2 mg/L) using natural magnetic material (NMM) (rock) and synthesized magnetic material (SMM) by Bacillus pasteurii and humic acid. The arsenic-bearing groundwater (97.56 ± 0.05 μg/L) exceed the WHO limit (10 μg/L) of arsenic concentration for drinking water. The NMM contains dominantly magnetite, hematite, ferrihydrate, coesite, quartz, and stishovite. The NMM of natural rock exhibited the existence of iron (6.25-8.86% Fe3O4), which is widespread and important component in sedimentary rocks. The investigation on vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM) of NMM and SMM demonstrated the typical magnetization properties, which can be separated after arsenic removal process. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of SMM displayed the existence of organic matter decomposition during particle synthesis. The TEM and SEM exhibited the nanoparticle particle formation within the range of 10-39 nm (10-20 nm particle Fe3O4 through B. pasteurii). FTIR spectrum (before and after removal of arsenic) indicated the existence and binding nature in between arsenic and iron. >90% of arsenic was removed from arsenic-bearing groundwater using Fe3O4, Fe3O4 (N2-Environment), Fe3O4 with humic acid, and Fe3O4 with B. pasteurii after 25 min, 8 min, 13 min and 120 min, respectively. In case of NMM in Site-A, the arsenic removal was observed very fast as 85-87% within 30 s, whereas 95-99%, 93-95% and 88-91% removal detected using the sample of Site-A, Site-B, and Site-C respectively, after 120 min at natural pH (8.31 ± 0.05) of arsenic-bearing groundwater. Thus, NMM, (ecofriendly green material), can be applicable for arsenic removal from arsenic-bearing groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Ming-Shung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying and International Centre for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Pei-Ru Ho
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Ming-Shung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Huang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Ming-Shung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan
| | - An-Cheng Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan-Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 82444, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Ming-Shung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan; Center for Nano Bio-Detection, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, AIM-HI, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan.
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Alkurdi SSA, Herath I, Bundschuh J, Al-Juboori RA, Vithanage M, Mohan D. Biochar versus bone char for a sustainable inorganic arsenic mitigation in water: What needs to be done in future research? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:52-69. [PMID: 30909094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is an emerging contaminant on a global scale posing threat to environmental and human health. The relatively brief history of the applications of biochar and bone char has mapped the endeavors to remove As from water to a considerable extent. This critical review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview for the first time on the potential of bio- and bone-char in the immobilization of inorganic As in water. It seeks to offer a rational assessment of what is existing and what needs to be done in future research as an implication for As toxicity of human health risks through acute and chronic exposure to As contaminated water. Bio- and bone-char are recognized as promising alternatives to activated carbon due to their lower production and activation cost. The surface modification via chemical methods has been adopted to improve the adsorption capacity for anionic As species. Surface complexation, ion exchange, precipitation and electrostatic interactions are the main mechanisms involved in the adsorption of As onto the char surface. However, arsenic-bio-bone char interactions along with their chemical bonding for the removal of As in aqueous solution is still a subject of debate. Hence, the proposed mechanisms need to be scrutinized further using advanced analytical techniques such as synchrotron-based X-ray. Moving this technology from laboratory phase to field scale applications is an urgent necessity in order to establish a sustainable As mitigation in drinking water on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan S A Alkurdi
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; Northern Technical University, Engineering Technical College, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Indika Herath
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; School of Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Office of the Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; International Centre for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Dehbandi R, Abbasnejad A, Karimi Z, Herath I, Bundschuh J. Hydrogeochemical controls on arsenic mobility in an arid inland basin, Southeast of Iran: The role of alkaline conditions and salt water intrusion. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:910-922. [PMID: 30965543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Elevated inorganic arsenic concentrations in groundwater has become a major public and environmental health concern in different parts of the world. Currently, As-contaminated groundwater issue in many countries and regions is a major topic for publications at global level. However, there are many regions worldwide where the problem has still not been resolved or fully understood due to inadequate hydrogeochemical investigations. Hence, this study evaluates for the first time the hydrogeochemical behavior of the arid and previously unexplored inland basin of Sirjan Plain, south east (SE) Iran, in order to assess the controlling factors which influence arsenic (As) mobility and its distribution through groundwater resources. Total inorganic arsenic concentration was measured using inductive-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Arsenic content in groundwater of this region ranged between 2.4 and 545.8 μg/L (mean value: 86.6 μg/L) and 50% of the samples exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline value of 10 μg/L in drinking water. Groundwater was mainly of Na-Cl type and alkaline due to silicate weathering, ion exchange and evaporation in arid conditions. Elevated As concentrations were generally observed under weakly alkaline to alkaline conditions (pH > 7.4). Multivariate statistical analysis including cluster analysis and bi-plot grouped As with pH and HCO3 and demonstrated that the secondary minerals including oxyhydroxides of Fe are the main source of As in groundwater in this region. The desorption of As from these mineral phases occurs under alkaline conditions in oxidizing arid environments thereby leading to high levels of As in groundwater. Moreover, evaporation, ion exchange and saltwater intrusion were the secondary processes accelerating As release and its mobility in groundwater. Based on the results of this study, desorption of As from metal oxy-hydroxides surfaces under alkaline conditions, evaporation and intrusion of As-rich saline water are considered to be the major factors causing As enrichment in arid inland basins such as those in southeast Iran. This study proposes the regular monitoring and proper groundwater management practices to mitigate high levels of arsenic in groundwater and related drinking water wells of Sirjan Plain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Dehbandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Health Science Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Abbasnejad
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Karimi
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
| | - Indika Herath
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
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Pateda SM, Sakakibara M, Sera K. Lung Function Assessment as an Early Biomonitor of Mercury-Induced Health Disorders in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Areas in Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2480. [PMID: 30405024 PMCID: PMC6265773 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of mercury impact on humans is currently nonspecific because the body characteristics (homeostasis) of each human being varies. Therefore, in the early diagnosis of mercury toxicity, one of the most important monitoring parameters is the respiratory function examination. In this study, respiratory function was examined with a portable spirometer and correlated with the mercury levels in hair from the noses and heads of subjects. Samples were taken from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) areas (villages of East Tulabolo and Dunggilata) and control areas (villages of Bongo and Longalo) in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. A statistical analysis with the Mann⁻Whitney test (alternative) showed significant differences in lung function between the polluted and control areas (α = 0.03). The analysis of nasal and head hair samples with particle-induced X-ray emissions (PIXE) showed that the mercury levels in the ASGM area were considerably higher than in the more homogeneous control areas. This study confirms that a pulmonary function test is a quick and precise alternative way to monitor the impact of mercury on humans, especially atmospheric mercury, because we detected a negative correlation between pulmonary function and the level of mercury in hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Manovita Pateda
- Graduate School of Science & Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture 790-8577, Japan.
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Sport and Health, State University of Gorontalo, Jenderal Sudirman Street 6, Gorontalo City, Gorontalo Province 96100, Indonesia.
| | - Masayuki Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Science & Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture 790-8577, Japan.
- Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture 790-8577, Japan.
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Sera
- Cyclotron Research Center, Iwate Medical University, 348-58 Tomegamori, Takizawa, Iwate 020-0173, Japan.
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Maity JP, Hsu CM, Lin TJ, Lee WC, Bhattacharya P, Bundschuh J, Chen CY. Removal of fluoride from water through bacterial-surfactin mediated novel hydroxyapatite nanoparticle and its efficiency assessment: Adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetic and adsorption Thermodynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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