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Kurth L, Casey ML, Mazurek JM, Blackley DJ. Pneumoconiosis incidence and prevalence among US Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2019. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:831-841. [PMID: 37482966 PMCID: PMC10924676 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumoconiosis is a group of occupational lung diseases caused by dust and fiber exposure. This study analyzes Medicare claims to estimate the burden of pneumoconiosis among fee-for-service (FFS; Medicare Parts A and B) Medicare beneficiaries during 1999-2019 in the United States. METHODS Claim and enrollment information from 81 million continuously enrolled FFS Medicare beneficiaries were analyzed. Beneficiaries with any pneumoconiosis and cause-specific pneumoconiosis (e.g., asbestosis, silicosis) were identified using three case definitions (broad, intermediate, and narrow) with varying diagnostic criteria based on claim International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-CM) diagnosis codes and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes. Results are presented as ranges of values for the three case definitions. RESULTS The 21-year prevalence range for any pneumoconiosis was 345,383-677,361 (412-833 per 100,000 beneficiaries) using the three case definitions. The highest prevalence was among those ≥75 years of age, males, Whites, and North American Natives. Most claims (70.0%-72.5%) included an ICD-CM diagnosis code for asbestosis. The broad pneumoconiosis prevalence rate increased significantly (p < 0.001) during 2002-2009 by 3%-10% annually and declined significantly by 3%-5% annually starting in 2009. The average annual broad incidence rate declined significantly by 7% annually during 2009-2019. CONCLUSIONS Despite the decline in rate for any pneumoconiosis among Medicare beneficiaries, which is primarily attributed to a decline in asbestosis, pneumoconiosis is prevalent among FFS Medicare beneficiaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kurth
- Surveillance Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Megan L. Casey
- National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jacek M. Mazurek
- Surveillance Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - David J. Blackley
- Surveillance Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Kishimoto T, Kato K, Ashizawa K, Kurihara Y, Tokuyama T, Sakai F. A retrospective study on radiological findings of diffuse pleural thickening with benign asbestos pleural effusion in Japanese cases. Ind Health 2022; 60:429-435. [PMID: 34803129 PMCID: PMC9539150 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The requirement for compensation for diffuse pleural thickening in benign asbestos pleural effusion include five computed tomography findings of organized pleural effusion: [1] heterogeneity in the pleural effusion, [2] declined chest capacity, [3] "crow's feet" sign at the pleura, [4] immobilization of effusion volume, and [5] air in the effusion. Pleural effusion is diagnosed as organized, immobilized, and in the state of diffuse pleural thickening if at least three of these items are fulfilled, ([1] and [3] compulsory + one of the remaining items). This retrospective study investigated whether the requirement to confirm no organized pleural effusion changes after a follow-up of >3 months were available for cases fulfilling three of the five items; i.e., the confirmation of only [2] with [1] and [3]. Of 302 cases recognized by the Japanese laws, 105 cases with diffuse pleural thickening with organized effusion were enrolled. The number of subjects who fulfilled the diagnostic requirement for organized pleural effusion was confirmed. Eight subjects had a full score of 5 points, 82 subjects scored 4 points, and only 15 subjects scored 3 points. Furthermore, no changes were observed in the organized pleural effusion volume after a follow-up of >3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kishimoto
- Research and Training Center for Asbestos-Related Diseases Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kato
- Department of Radiology, Kawasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ashizawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Tokuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Chuwa Hospital, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Sakai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Saitama Medical University, Japan
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Li XH, Wang AH, Leng PB, Mao GZ, Zhang DD. [Analysis of incidence characteristics and trend of pneumoconiosis in Ningbo City from 1967 to 2019]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:354-358. [PMID: 35680578 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210207-00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Ningbo city from 1967 to 2019, and to analyze the distribution characteristics and change trend of pneumoconiosis. Methods: In February 2021, the data of pneumoconiosis patients in Ningbo city from 1967 to 2019 were sorted out. The data from 1967 to 1987 were from historical case files of Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the data from 1988 to 2005 were from the historical case files of Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the data from 2006 to 2019 were from the pneumoconiosis report card in China Disease Prevention and Control Information System; Followed up and supplement relevant information, including basic information, basic information of employers and information related to pneumoconiosis diagnosis, and comprehensively analyze the composition and development trend, population characteristics and industry characteristics of pneumoconiosis. Results: From 1967 to 2019, a total of 1715 cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Ningbo City, including 1254 cases of stageⅠpneumoconiosis, 258 cases of stageⅡpneumoconiosis, 172 cases of stage Ⅲpneumoconiosis. 1202 cases of silicosis (70.09%) , 296 cases of asbestosis (17.26%) , 40 cases of welder's pneumoconiosis (2.33%) , 32 cases of graphite pneumoconiosis (1.87%) were reported. There were 1296 male cases (75.57%) and 419 female cases (24.43%) were reported. Silicosis (91.15%, 1102/1209) and welder's pneumoconiosis (100.00%, 40/40) were the most common pneumoconiosis in males, while asbestosis (90.24%, 268/297) and graphite pneumoconiosis (87.50%, 28/32) were the most common pneumoconiosis in females. The average age was (49.71±10.90) years old and the average length of service was (10.98±6.96) years. The top three reported pneumoconiosis cases were construction industry (336 cases, 19.59%) , ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry (317 cases, 18.48%) and non-metallic mineral products industry (315 cases, 18.37%) . The top three reported pneumoconiosis cases were 414 cases (24.14%) in Ninghai County, 294 cases (17.14%) in Yuyao City and 272 cases (15.86%) in Yinzhou District. Conclusion: With the development of industries in Ningbo City, government departments should strengthen supervision and management of enterprises involving silica dust and welding fume to curb the high incidence of pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Li
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - A H Wang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - P B Leng
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - G Z Mao
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
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Wojcik NC, Gallagher EM, Alexander MS, Lewis RJ. Mortality of 196,826 Men and Women Working in U.S.-Based Petrochemical and Refinery Operations: Update 1979 to 2010. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:250-262. [PMID: 34670258 PMCID: PMC8887844 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe mortality trends of men and women working in various petrochemical and refinery operations of a U.S.-based company. METHODS The cohort consists of full-time employees with at least 1 day of service during 1979 through 2010. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for 111 possible causes of death studied. RESULTS SMRs for malignant mesothelioma and asbestosis were highest for the 1940s decade of hire. Increased SMRs were observed for malignant melanoma and motor neuron disease with no obvious work patterns. Decreasing mortality patterns were observed for aplastic anemia and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Mortality surveillance of this large established cohort aids in assessing the chronic health status of the workforce. Identifying methods for incorporating job-exposure matrices and nonoccupational risk factors could further enhance interpretations for some findings such as motor neuron disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C Wojcik
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Annandale, New Jersey (Ms Wojcik, Ms Gallagher, Dr Alexander, and Dr Lewis)
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Fazzo L, Binazzi A, Ferrante D, Minelli G, Consonni D, Bauleo L, Bruno C, Bugani M, De Santis M, Iavarone I, Magnani C, Romeo E, Zona A, Alessi M, Comba P, Marinaccio A. Burden of Mortality from Asbestos-Related Diseases in Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10012. [PMID: 34639316 PMCID: PMC8508095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Asbestos is one of the major worldwide occupational carcinogens. The global burden of asbestos-related diseases (ARDs) was estimated around 231,000 cases/year. Italy was one of the main European asbestos producers until the 1992 ban. The WHO recommended national programs, including epidemiological surveillance, to eliminate ARDs. The present paper shows the estimate of the burden of mortality from ARDs in Italy, established for the first time. National standardized rates of mortality from mesothelioma and asbestosis and their temporal trends, based on the National Institute of Statistics database, were computed. Deaths from lung cancer attributable to asbestos exposure were estimated using population-based case-control studies. Asbestos-related lung and ovarian cancer deaths attributable to occupational exposure were estimated, considering the Italian occupational cohort studies. In the 2010-2016 period, 4400 deaths/year attributable to asbestos were estimated: 1515 from mesothelioma, 58 from asbestosis, 2830 from lung and 16 from ovarian cancers. The estimates based on occupational cohorts showed that each year 271 deaths from mesothelioma, 302 from lung cancer and 16 from ovarian cancer were attributable to occupational asbestos exposure in industrial sectors with high asbestos levels. The important health impact of asbestos in Italy, 10-25 years after the ban, was highlighted. These results suggest the need for appropriate interventions in terms of prevention, health care and social security at the local level and could contribute to the global estimate of ARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Fazzo
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessandra Binazzi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione Contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 00100 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Giada Minelli
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy;
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milano, Italy;
| | - Lisa Bauleo
- Department of Epidemiology, Servizio Sanitario Regionale del Lazio, 00100 Roma, Italy; (L.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Caterina Bruno
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Marcella Bugani
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione Contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 00100 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Marco De Santis
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Ivano Iavarone
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisa Romeo
- Department of Epidemiology, Servizio Sanitario Regionale del Lazio, 00100 Roma, Italy; (L.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Amerigo Zona
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Mariano Alessi
- Department of Prevention, Ministry of Health, 00100 Roma, Italy;
| | - Pietro Comba
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00100 Roma, Italy; (C.B.); (M.D.S.); (I.I.); (A.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione Contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 00100 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the circulating metabolites and related pathways in silicosis and asbestosis exposure to different mineral dust. METHODS Plasma of 30 silicosis, 30 asbestosis, and 20 healthy controls was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolic networks and the relevance of the identified metabolic derangements were explored. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, 37 and 39 dysregulated plasma metabolites were found in silicosis and asbestosis, respectively, of which the levels of 22 metabolites differed. Three major pathways were identified, among which arginine and proline metabolism was identified as the most closely related metabolic pathway. CONCLUSIONS The types and quantities of up-regulated metabolites including lipids, amino acids, and carnitines differed between silicosis and asbestosis. Pathways inducing lung fibrosis were common to mineral dust exposure, while pathways related to oxidative stress and tumorigenesis differed between silicosis and asbestosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Workers' Stadium South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100020, China (Zhou, Xue, Fan, Wu, Ma, Ye), Department of Occupational Diseases and Chemical Poisoning, the Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, the Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Xiang-Cheng District, Suzhou 215131, Jiangsu Province, China (Zhou)
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Wilk A, Garland S, Falk N. Less Common Respiratory Conditions: Occupational Lung Diseases. FP Essent 2021; 502:11-17. [PMID: 33683849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Occupational lung diseases are caused by workplace inhalation of chemicals, dusts, or fumes. They include asbestosis, silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), and occupational asthma. These diseases have nonspecific respiratory symptoms and are only identified if an occupational history is taken. Asbestosis typically is diagnosed 20 to 30 years after peak exposure, often when pleural plaques are noted on chest x-ray (CXR). Asbestosis is associated with an increased cancer risk, which is higher in smokers. Silicosis results from exposure to silica dust from sand, stone, and quartz. It is a fibrotic lung disease with acute, chronic, or accelerated presentations; CXR findings show interstitial fibrosis or nodular opacities. Silicosis increases risk of mycobacterial and fungal infections. In CWP, patients may present with mild symptoms and CXR findings showing small fibrous nodules; progressive massive fibrosis may develop, and there is a risk of mycobacterial and fungal infections. Occupational asthma (OA) can occur de novo from inhaling sensitizers that induce immunoglobulin E-mediated airway reactions, or from inhaling irritants such as smoke, dust, and fumes. OA also can be due to sensitizers/irritants aggravating preexisting asthma. There are no cures for these occupational lung diseases, so prevention, including elimination/control of workplace exposures, and early diagnosis are key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Wilk
- Florida State University College of Medicine Family Medicine Residency Program at BayCare Health System, 1201 1st St S Suite 100A, Winter Haven, FL 33880
| | - Scott Garland
- Florida State University College of Medicine Family Medicine Residency Program at BayCare Health System, 1201 1st St S Suite 100A, Winter Haven, FL 33880
| | - Nathan Falk
- Florida State University College of Medicine Family Medicine Residency Program at BayCare Health System, 1201 1st St S Suite 100A, Winter Haven, FL 33880
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Gwenzi W. Occurrence, behaviour, and human exposure pathways and health risks of toxic geogenic contaminants in serpentinitic ultramafic geological environments (SUGEs): A medical geology perspective. Sci Total Environ 2020; 700:134622. [PMID: 31693951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Serpentinitic ultramafic geological environments (SUGEs) contain toxic geogenic contaminants (TGCs). Yet comprehensive reviews on the medical geology of SUGEs are still lacking. The current paper posits that TGCs occur widely in SUGEs, and pose human health risks. The objectives of the review are to: (1) highlight the nature, occurrence and behaviour of TGCs associated with SUGEs; (2) discuss the human intake pathways and health risks of TGCs; (4) identify the key risk factors predisposing human health to TGCs particularly in Africa; and (5) highlight key knowledge gaps and future research directions. TGCs of human health concern in SUGEs include chrysotile asbestos, toxic metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, Co), and rare earth elements. Human intake of TGCs occur via inhalation, and ingestion of contaminated drinking water, wild foods, medicinal plants, animal foods, and geophagic earths. Occupational exposure may occur in the mining, milling, sculpturing, engraving, and carving industries. African populations are particularly at high risk due to: (1) widespread consumption of wild foods, medicinal plants, untreated drinking water, and geophagic earths; (2) weak and poorly enforced environmental, occupational, and public health regulations; and (3) lack of human health surveillance systems. Human health risks of chrysotile include asbestosis, cancers, and mesothelioma. Toxic metals are redox active, thus generate reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress. Dietary intake of iron and geophagy may increase the iron overload among native Africans who are genetically predisposed to such health risks. Synergistic interactions among TGCs particularly chrysotile and toxic metals may have adverse human health effects. The occurrence of SUGEs, coupled with the several risk factors in Africa, provides a unique and ideal setting for investigating the relationships between TGCs and human health risks. A conceptual framework for human health risk assessment and mitigation, and future research direction are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis Gwenzi
- Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
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Apostoli P, Boffetta P, Bovenzi M, Cocco PL, Consonni D, Cristaudo A, Discalzi G, Farioli A, Manno M, Mattioli S, Pira E, Soleo L, Taino G, Violante FS, Zocchetti C. Position Paper on Asbestos of the Italian Society of Occupational Medicine. Med Lav 2019; 110:459-485. [PMID: 31846450 PMCID: PMC7809933 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i6.9022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Position Paper (PP) on asbestos of the Italian Society of Occupational Medicine (SIML) aims at providing a tool to the occupational physician to address current diagnostic criteria and results of epidemiological studies, and their consequences in terms of preventive and evaluation actions for insurance, compensation and litigation. The PP was based on an extensive review of the scientific literature and was compiled by a Working Group comprising researchers who have contributed to the international literature on asbestos-related diseases, as well as occupational physicians with extensive experience in the evaluation of risks and the medical surveillance of workers currently and formerly exposed to asbestos. The PP was drafted and reviewed between 2017 and 2018; its final version was prepared according to the guidelines of AGREE Reporting Checklist. All the members of the Working Group subscribed to the document, which was eventually approved by SIML's Executive Committee. The first section addresses industrial hygiene issues, such as methods for environmental monitoring, advantages and limitations of different microscopy techniques, the potential role of microfibers and approaches for retrospective assessment of exposure, in particular in epidemiological studies. The second section reviews the biological effects of asbestos with particular attention to the diagnostic aspects of asbestosis, pleural changes, mesothelioma and lung cancer. In the following section the criteria of causal attribution are discussed, together with different hypotheses on the form of the risk functions, with a comparison of the opinions prevalent in the literature. In particular, the models of the risk function for mesothelioma were examined, in the light of the hypothesis of an acceleration or anticipation of the events in relation to the dose. The last section discusses topics of immediate relevance for the occupational physician, such as health surveillance of former exposed and of workers currently exposed in remediation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Apostoli
- Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia..
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Kang DM, Kim JE, Kim YK, Lee HH, Kim SY. Occupational Burden of Asbestos-Related Diseases in Korea, 1998-2013: Asbestosis, Mesothelioma, Lung Cancer, Laryngeal Cancer, and Ovarian Cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e226. [PMID: 30140191 PMCID: PMC6105774 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asbestos exposure causes asbestos-related diseases (ARDs) including asbestosis, malignant mesothelioma, lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Although Korea used substantial amounts of asbestos in the past, no study has focused on its occupational burden of disease (OBD). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the OBDs of ARDs in Korea. METHODS The CARcinogen Exposure (CAREX) database was used to determine the proportion of exposed population. Relative risks for lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, and ovarian cancer were used to determine the population-attributable fraction. Data for deaths caused by ARDs during 1998-2013 were obtained from the World Health Organization mortality database. The potential years of life lost (PYLL) and annual average PYLL (APYLL) indicated OBDs. RESULTS In Korea, the number of ARD-attributable deaths and PYLL due to all ARDs during 1998-2013 were 4,492 and 71,763.7, respectively. The number of attributable deaths and PYLL due to asbestosis, malignant mesothelioma, lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, and ovarian cancer were 37 and 554.2, 808 and 15,877.0, 3,256 and 47,375.9, 120 and 1,605.5, and 271 and 6,331.1, respectively; additionally, the APYLL were 15.0, 19.7, 14.6, 13.4, and 23.4, respectively, and the average age at death was 70.4, 62.6, 69.1, 69.9, and 61.8, respectively. Our study showed that although the use of asbestos has ceased in Korea, the incidence of ARDs tends to increase. CONCLUSION Therefore, efforts to reduce future OBDs of ARDs, including early detection and proper management of ARDs, are needed in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mug Kang
- Department of Preventive, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Busan Workers Health Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, GoodGangAn Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Kim
- Department of Preventive, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Busan Workers Health Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Se-Yeong Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Busan Workers Health Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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13
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Song PP, Wang Y, Sun JL, Gao Y, Liu J, Chen YX. [The incidence of asbestos-related diseases about on asbestos enterprises in Qingdao from 1988 to 2014]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2016; 34:203-205. [PMID: 27220441 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It can provide statistics reference for the prevention and treatment by analysising the status and characteristics related to the asbestos disease of an asbestos products enterprises from 1988 to 2014. METHODS We have collected the data concerning the case of asbestos-related disease between 1988 and 2014, then the data were arranged, collecteted and analyzed using statistical method. RESULTS The total of patients is 625 (male: 225, female: 400). Diagnosis of asbestosis is 617 cases, Accordingly, stage Ⅰis 500, stage Ⅱis 112 and stage Ⅲ is 5. Average age of morbidity is 64.84±9.87 and working age is 24.45±7.40 years; The patients of lung cancer caused by asbestos are 12 people, and average age of morbidity is 66.25±11.20 years, and the working age is 29.18±7.77years; The patients of mesothelioma are 4 people, average age of morbidity is 49-78 (M=60) and working age is 27years. Asbestosis patients with complications of pleural plaque is 37.44%, complications of pulmonary tuberculosis is 5.19%., and there are 239 patients lose their lives, motality is 38.74%. CONCLUSION There is a high incidence of a disease about asbestos related disease in the asbestos products factory, it has close relationship with asbestos exposure time, the dust concentration of workplace and type of work et al. Asbestos related diseases are still the main problem in Qingdao.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Song
- Qing Dao Central Hospital, Dingdao 266042, China
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Magnani C, Ancona L, Baldassarre A, Bressan V, Cena T, Chellini E, Cuccaro F, Ferrante D, Legittimo P, Luberto F, Marinaccio A, Mattioli S, Menegozzo S, Merler E, Miligi L, Mirabelli D, Musti M, Oddone E, Pavone V, Perticaroli P, Pettinari A, Pirastu R, Ranucci A, Romeo E, Sala O, Scarnato C, Silvestri S. [Time trend in mesothelioma and lung cancer risk in asbestos workers in Italy]. Epidemiol Prev 2016; 40:64-67. [PMID: 26951735 DOI: 10.19191/ep16.1s1.p064.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating, in asbestos exposed workers, the time trend of their risk of mesothelioma and of other neoplasm after very long latency and after the cessation of asbestos exposure. We pooled a large number of Italian cohorts of asbestos workers and updated mortality follow-up. The pool of data for statistical analyses includes 51,988 workers, of which 6,058 women: 54.2% was alive at follow-up, 42.6% was dead, and 2.8%was lost. Cause of death is known for 94.3%: 2,548 deaths from lung cancer, 748 frompleural cancer, 173 fromperitoneal cancer, and 434 from asbestosis. An exposure index is being developed to compare the different cohorts. Data analysis is in progress. This study will have the size for analysing not only time trends in mesothelioma, but also the occurrence of rarer diseases and cancer specific mortality in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Magnani
- Dipartimento di medicina traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale e CPO Piemonte, Novara.
| | - Laura Ancona
- Dipartimento di epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, Roma
| | | | - Vittoria Bressan
- Registro regionale veneto dei casi di mesotelioma, SPISAL AULSS 16, Padova
| | - Tiziana Cena
- Dipartimento di medicina traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale e CPO Piemonte, Novara
| | - Elisabetta Chellini
- SS epidemiologia ambientale occupazionale, Istituto per lo studio e la prevenzione oncologica (ISPO), Firenze
| | | | - Daniela Ferrante
- Dipartimento di medicina traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale e CPO Piemonte, Novara
| | - Patrizia Legittimo
- Dipartimento di scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Settore di medicina del lavoro, "Alma Mater Studiorum" Università di Bologna
| | - Ferdinando Luberto
- Servizio interaziendale di epidemiologia, AUSL Reggio Emilia e Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS Reggio Emilia
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Laboratorio di epidemiologia occupazionale e ambientale, Dipartimento di medicina, epidemiologia, igiene del lavoro e ambientale, INAIL, Roma
| | - Stefano Mattioli
- Dipartimento di scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Settore di medicina del lavoro, "Alma Mater Studiorum" Università di Bologna
| | | | - Enzo Merler
- Registro regionale veneto dei casi di mesotelioma, SPISAL AULSS 16, Padova
| | - Lucia Miligi
- SS epidemiologia ambientale occupazionale, Istituto per lo studio e la prevenzione oncologica (ISPO), Firenze
| | | | - Marina Musti
- Sezione di medicina del lavoro, Università degli Studi di Bari
| | - Enrico Oddone
- Dipartimento di sanità pubblica, medicina sperimentale e forense, Università degli Studi di Pavia
| | - Venere Pavone
- Dipartimento di sanità pubblica, Area PSAL, Azienda USL Bologna
| | | | - Aldo Pettinari
- Dipartimento di prevenzione, SPSAL, Area Vasta 2, ASL Marche, Senigallia (AN)
| | - Roberta Pirastu
- Dipartimento di biologia e biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Università Sapienza, Roma
| | - Alessandra Ranucci
- Dipartimento di medicina traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale e CPO Piemonte, Novara
| | - Elisa Romeo
- Dipartimento di epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, Roma
| | - Orietta Sala
- ARPA Emilia-Romagna, Sezione provinciale di Reggio Emilia
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Moreno Küstner B, Quemada C, Masedo AI. [Authors reply. Opinions and expectations of patients with health problems associated to asbestos exposure]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2015; 38:145-151. [PMID: 25963472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Moreno Küstner
- Departamento de personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain.
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Kishimoto T. [Asbestos-related diseases]. Nihon Rinsho 2014; 72:300-305. [PMID: 24605531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Asbestosis shows peribronchiolar fibrosis with numerous asbestos bodies. Subpleural dots and curvilinear lines in HRCT are good indicators for the diagnosis of asbestosis. Asbestos-related lung cancer in Japanese Compensation System means lung cancer with asbestosis. Furthermore, pleural plaques and the content of asbestos bodies in the lung tissues with the term of occupational asbestos exposure are good indicators. Mesothelioma induced also by the low dense exposure to asbestos. For the definite diagnosis of mesothelioma, we need histological examination using biopsy and immunochemical staining for positive and negative markers. Benign asbestos pleurisy is diagnosed by cytological and biochemical examinations of pleural effusions and pleural biopsy. Diffuse pleural thickening depends on the extent of radiological findings and impairment of pulmonary function with occupational asbestos exposure.
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Behrens MA, Schaecher C. RAND Institute for Civil Justice report on the abuse of medical diagnostic practices in mass tort litigation: lessons learned from the 'phantom' silica epidemic that may deter litigation screening abuse. Albany Law Rev 2010; 73:521-539. [PMID: 20535882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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[Symposium on Asbestos and Asbestos-related Diseases. Split, 6 December 2008]. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2009; 60 Suppl:1-77. [PMID: 20931680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
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Dufresne A, Dion C, Frielaender A, Audet E, Perrault G. Personal and static sample measurements of asbestos fibres during two abatement projects. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2009; 82:440-443. [PMID: 19183819 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-009-9661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposure assessment was performed during the abatement of amosite containing material (ACM) and chrysotile containing material (CCM). Mean fibre concentrations (MFC) in breathing zone (BZ) were 20.6+/-7.9 f/cc and 6.3+/-2.2 f/cc during abatements of ACM and CCM, respectively. At the fixed station, MFC were 5.4+/-3.5 f/cc for ACM and 2.9 f/cc+/-1.6 for CCM. For observer's BZ, MFC were 3.1+/-1.3 f/cc (ACM) and 1.8 f/cc (CCM) during the abatement. Though elevated, area and observer-type samples clearly underestimate exposure. Exposure remained unacceptable in the worksite with the class of respiratory protection used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dufresne
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, 2375, Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada.
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Wen T, Meng XL, Zhang H, Wu B, You T, Li L. [Genetic damages in somatic and germ cells from patients of benzene poisoning, asbestosis and gas poisoning.]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2007; 25:664-666. [PMID: 18226370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the extent of genetic damages in somatic and germ cells from patients of benzene poisoning, silicosis and gas poisoning, which may provide clues for protection and reproductive healthcare. METHODS 174 patients with three types of occupational disease (including 48 with benzene poisoning, 71 with silicosis and 55 with gas poisoning) and 80 healthy controls had their aberrant chromosome and micronuclei rates measured with routine methods. Male patients also had their sperm samples measured for sperm abnormities and de novo mutations. RESULTS The aberrant chromosome rate, micro-nuclei rate and sperm abnormity were as followed: benzene poisoning 0.4%, 1.52 per thousand, (62 +/- 14%), silicosis 0.51%, 2.31 per thousand, (41 +/- 7%), harmful gas poisoning 0.42%, 1.55 per thousand, (48 +/- 8%), all being significantly higher than those of the controls [0.20%, 0.34 per thousand, (27 +/- 5)%]. The aberrant chromosome and micro-nuclei rates of silicosis group were higher than other two groups, but without statistical significance. Sperm abnormity of benzene poisoning group was significantly higher than that of other groups. In addition, de novo mutations in sperm of benzene poisoning group were detected. CONCLUSION Patients with the studied occupational diseases not only have genetic damage in their somatic cells, but also acquire de novo mutations in germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti Wen
- Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
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Gale AH. Lessons from the silicosis and asbestosis mass tort scams. Mo Med 2007; 104:96-9. [PMID: 17536431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
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Abstract
A correlation between national asbestos consumption and the incidence of asbestos disease, including mesothelioma, has been observed. Towards the end of the 20th century, governments in many developed countries banned or seriously restricted the use of asbestos. As a result, global asbestos producers have engaged in aggressive marketing campaigns to sell asbestos to developing countries; consumption of white asbestos is increasing in Asia, Latin America and the Commonwealth of Independent States. In most of the countries, there is little, if any, control on hazardous asbestos exposures from occupational, environmental and domestic sources. It is likely that the lethal asbestos harvest which is occurring in the U.S., the UK and Australia will be reproduced in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Kazan-Allen
- International Ban Asbestos Secretariat, P.O. Box 93, Stanmore, Great Britain HA7 4GR, UK.
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Nakayama T, Yamagami T, Kagamimori S. [Studies on carcinogenicity of asbestos with special reference to interaction between viruses and cultured cells]. Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi 1998; 40:195-203. [PMID: 9836330 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001990618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate effects of asbestos on the process of cancer development, the capacity of asbestos which increases cellular uptake of external carcinogens was tested for asbestos-mediated viral RNA transfection in cultured cells. For the transfection, crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile were placed onto Vero-E6 cells with poliovirus RNA inoculum, respectively. All asbestos samples mediated viral RNA transfection compared with the background including only viral RNA. The transfection was much greater with combined exposure to asbestos and kaolin than with exposure to asbestos alone.
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38
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Schwartz DA, Peterson MW. Occupational lung disease. Adv Intern Med 1997; 42:269-312. [PMID: 9048122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Schwartz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA
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Kurajica L, Curin S, Tenzera-Taslak G. [Liability in occupational asbestosis and its harmful sequelae]. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 1995; 46:451-7. [PMID: 8670016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 139 cases of occupational asbestosis were registered in companies working with asbestosis in Croatia between the years 1985 and 1994. In the period from 1992 to 1994 thirty-five diseased workers sued in court for compensation of damage. In all suits and at all levels, the employer was judged to be responsible for the damage. Questioning the exclusiveness of responsibility, or at least co-responsibility for the other parties involved in the structure of occupational use of asbestos, the authors ascertained, in all the 35 cases of occupational asbestosis from the sample, that the full responsibility lay with the third party - the State - as representing the unity of the legal, executive and judicious powers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kurajica
- Klinicka bolnica, Split, Ovjetnicki ured Silvio Curin
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48
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Frank AL. Medical and public health approaches to asbestos disease. Mt Sinai J Med 1995; 62:401-5. [PMID: 7500972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos is known to cause a wide range of nonmalignant and malignant disease among occupationally and environmentally exposed individuals. Lung cancer and mesothelioma are of special importance. X-rays are evaluated utilizing the ILO classification, and the clinical signs and symptoms of many chronic lung diseases may occur. The fibrous nature of asbestos appears to be important, and fiber size plays a role in carcinogenic outcome. Because of the significant legal and public health implications of exposure, it appears that purposeful obfuscation of asbestos science has taken place. There are also worldwide efforts to shift patterns of use and manufacturing, leading to a wider dissemination of death and disease, especially when coupled with spreading tobacco usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Frank
- Department of Medical Education, University of Texas Health Center, Tyler 75710, USA
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Hillerdal G. Pleural malignancies including mesothelioma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 1995; 1:339-43. [PMID: 9363074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is caused almost exclusively by occupational exposure to asbestos. During the past few years, however, increasing evidence has mounted that background exposure to asbestos could be sufficient to cause mesothelioma. Treatment of malignant mesothelioma remains a big problem. Some new approaches are on their way, and the most exciting ones are local immunotherapy in very early cases. Some success has been reported with local interferon treatment. As for treatment of metastatic pleural disease, the main purpose is symptomatic relief of dyspnea caused by fluid accumulation. The best way to achieve a lasting palliation is pleurodesis, and the most common way to do this, is by chemical means. The drug of choice in the United States has for many years been tetracycline, but since injectable tetracycline is no longer available, some substitute must be found. The substance that will "win" is not yet clear, but the two leading contestants are talc and doxycycline. Bleomycin also has its supporters, and a dark horse is quinacrine, which although not easily available in the United States, has been used in many European centers for decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hillerdal
- Department of Lung Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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50
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Merler E, Brizzi S. Compensation of occupational diseases and particularly of asbestos-related diseases among the European Community (EEC) countries. Epidemiol Prev 1994; 18:170-9. [PMID: 7805824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present some of the characteristics of the compensation systems in EEC countries and to focus on the compensation of asbestos-related diseases: for each country the diseases admitted for compensation, the date of introduction into the schedule, the number of compensations awarded and a comparison between compensations for mesothelioma and mortality are presented. The data have been collected in 1990-91 by asking for information to the Compensation Institutes. The results suggest that the objective of harmonisation of the compensation systems among European countries is far from being achieved and needs re-vitalisation. The gap between knowledge and public health action has been considerable in the compensation of asbestos-related diseases, especially in the compensation of cancers. The results confirm, therefore, from a different perspective the validity of considering asbestos as a case study in public health. Finally, the Authors stress the serious situation in Italy with respect to updating the list of prescribed diseases as epidemiological data are available and to compensating occupationally related asbestos diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Merler
- Unit of Epidemiology, Center for Study and Prevention of Cancer (CSPO), USL 10/E, Florence, Italy
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