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Gan W, Zhang R, Cao Z, Liu H, Fan W, Sun A, Song S, Zhang Z, Shi X. Unveiling the hidden risks: Pesticide residues in aquaculture systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172388. [PMID: 38614356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The present study systematically assessed the presence and ecological risks of 79 pesticides in various aquaculture systems, namely pond aquaculture (PA), greenhouse aquaculture (GA), and raceway aquaculture (RA) at different aquaculture stages, along with evaluating the pesticide removal of four tailwater treatment systems. Sixteen herbicides and two fungicides were identified, with the total concentrations ranging from 8.33 ng/L to 3248.45 ng/L. The PA system demonstrated significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) and a wider range of pesticide residues compared to the GA and RA systems. Prometryn, simetryn, atrazine, and thifluzamide were found to be the predominant pesticides across all three aquaculture modes, suggesting their significance as pollutants that warrant monitoring. Additionally, the findings indicated that the early aquaculture stage exhibits the highest levels of pesticide concentration, underscoring the importance of heightened monitoring and regulatory interventions during this phase. Furthermore, among the four tailwater treatment systems analyzed, the recirculating tailwater treatment system exhibited the highest efficacy in pesticide removal. A comprehensive risk assessment revealed minimal ecological risks in both the aquaculture and tailwater environments. However, the pesticide mixtures present high risks to algae and low to medium risks to aquatic invertebrates and fish, particularly during the early stages of aquaculture. Simetryn and prometryn were identified as high-risk pesticides. Based on the prioritization index, simetryn, prometryn, diuron, and ametryn are recommended for prioritization in risk assessment. This study offers valuable data for pesticide control and serves as a reference for the establishment of a standardized pesticide monitoring and management system at various stages of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Zhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Wentao Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, PR China
| | - Aili Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, PR China
| | - Zeming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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Yang L, He X, Ru S, Zhang Y. Herbicide leakage into seawater impacts primary productivity and zooplankton globally. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1783. [PMID: 38413588 PMCID: PMC10899588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Predicting the magnitude of herbicide impacts on marine primary productivity remains challenging because the extent of worldwide herbicide pollution in coastal waters and the concentration-response relationships of phytoplankton communities to multiple herbicides are unclear. By analyzing the spatiotemporal distribution of herbicides at 661 bay and gulf stations worldwide from 1990 to 2022, we determined median, third quartile and maximum concentrations of 12 triazine herbicides of 0.18 nmol L-1, 1.27 nmol L-1 and 29.50 nmol L-1 (95%Confidence Interval: CI 1.06, 1.47), respectively. Under current herbicide stress, phytoplankton primary productivity was inhibited by more than 5% at 25% of the sites and by more than 10% at 10% of the sites (95%CI 3.67, 4.34), due to the inhibition of highly abundant sensitive species, community structure/particle size succession (from Bacillariophyta to Dinophyceae and from nano-phytoplankton to micro-phytoplankton), and resulting growth rate reduction. Concurrently, due to food chain cascade effects, the dominant micro-zooplankton population shifted from larger copepod larvae to smaller unicellular ciliates, which might prolong the transmission process in marine food chain and reduce the primary productivity transmission efficiency. As herbicide application rates on farmlands worldwide are correlated with residues in their adjacent seas, a continued future increase in herbicide input may seriously affect the stability of coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China
| | - Xiaotong He
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yongyu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
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Lago A, Silva B, Tavares T. Sustainable permeable biobarriers for atrazine removal in packed bed biofilm reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123033. [PMID: 38030114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The synergy between two supported bacterial biofilms of S. equisimilis and P. putida and a sustainable biocarrier (raw pine) was studied, working both as biobarriers for the treatment of water contaminated with atrazine. Firstly, the effects of ATZ exposure on bacterial growth were evaluated, with Gram-positive S. equisimilis being a more tolerant bacterium to higher amounts of the herbicide. The bioremoval of ATZ by S. equisimilis concentrated biomass was then assessed, reaching around 83.5% after 15 days due to the potential degradation by the biomass and biosorption by the solids, with overlapping of both mechanisms. The optimization of bacterial biofilm attachment onto raw pine prior to bioremoval assays in lab-scale packed bed biofilm reactors was performed by varying initial biomass concentration, inocula growth time and hydrodynamic conditions. Lastly, the optimized biosystems were tested as sustainable remediation designs to treat water contaminated with the selected herbicide. Results reveal an added beneficial effect towards the bioremoval of atrazine using supported biofilms onto raw pine, reaching 90.42% and 79.71% by S. equisimilis and P. putida biofilms, respectively, over 58.31% increase when compared to sorption on fixed bed of pine. The coupling of biosorption/biodegradation favors the bioremoval process significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lago
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - B Silva
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - T Tavares
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Pan J, Liu P, Yu X, Zhang Z, Liu J. The adverse role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the reproductive system. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1324993. [PMID: 38303976 PMCID: PMC10832042 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1324993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproductive system diseases pose prominent threats to human physical and mental well-being. Besides being influenced by genetic material regulation and changes in lifestyle, the occurrence of these diseases is closely connected to exposure to harmful substances in the environment. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), characterized by hormone-like effects, have a wide range of influences on the reproductive system. EDCs are ubiquitous in the natural environment and are present in a wide range of industrial and everyday products. Currently, thousands of chemicals have been reported to exhibit endocrine effects, and this number is likely to increase as the testing for potential EDCs has not been consistently required, and obtaining data has been limited, partly due to the long latency of many diseases. The ability to avoid exposure to EDCs, especially those of artificially synthesized origin, is increasingly challenging. While EDCs can be divided into persistent and non-persistent depending on their degree of degradation, due to the recent uptick in research studies in this area, we have chosen to focus on the research pertaining to the detrimental effects on reproductive health of exposure to several EDCs that are widely encountered in daily life over the past six years, specifically bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates (PAEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), parabens, pesticides, heavy metals, and so on. By focusing on the impact of EDCs on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which leads to the occurrence and development of reproductive system diseases, this review aims to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of EDCs' damage to human health and to encourage further in-depth research to clarify the potentially harmful effects of EDC exposure through various other mechanisms. Ultimately, it offers a scientific basis to enhance EDCs risk management, an endeavor of significant scientific and societal importance for safeguarding reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongming Zhang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Li L, Wang Y, Liu L, Gao C, Ru S, Yang L. Occurrence, ecological risk, and advanced removal methods of herbicides in waters: a timely review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3297-3319. [PMID: 38095790 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Coastal pollution caused by the importation of agricultural herbicides is one of the main environmental problems that directly affect the coastal primary productivity and even the safety of human seafood. It is urgent to evaluate the ecological risk objectively and explore feasible removal strategies. However, existing studies focus on the runoff distribution and risk assessment of specific herbicides in specific areas, and compared with soil environment, there are few studies on remediation methods for water environment. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the current situation of herbicide pollution in global coastal waters and the dose-response relationships of various herbicides on phytoplankton and higher trophic organisms from the perspective of ecological risks. In addition, we believe that compared with the traditional single physical and chemical remediation methods, biological remediation and its combined technology are the most promising methods for herbicide pollution remediation currently. Therefore, we focus on the application prospects, challenges, and management strategies of new bioremediation systems related to biology, such as constructed wetlands, membrane bioreactor processes, and microbial co-metabolism, in order to provide more advanced methods for reducing herbicide pollution in the water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Liqiang Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Horak I, Horn S, Pieters R. The benefit of using in vitro bioassays to screen agricultural samples for oxidative stress: South Africa's case. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:689-710. [PMID: 37814453 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2264739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Applied pesticides end up in non-target environments as complex mixtures. When bioavailable, these chemicals pose a threat to living organisms and can induce oxidative stress (OS). In this article, attention is paid to OS and the physiological role of the antioxidant defense system. South African and international literature was reviewed to provide extensive evidence of pesticide-induced OS in non-target organisms, in vivo and in vitro. Although in vitro approaches are used internationally, South African studies have only used in vivo methods. Considering ethical implications, the authors support the use of in vitro bioassays to screen environmental matrices for their OS potential. Since OS responses are initiated and measurable at lower cellular concentrations compared to other toxicity endpoints, in vitro OS bioassays could be used as an early warning sign for the presence of chemical mixtures in non-target environments. Areas of concern in the country could be identified and prioritized without using animal models. The authors conclude that it will be worthwhile for South Africa to include in vitro OS bioassays as part of a battery of tests to screen environmental matrices for biological effects. This will facilitate the development and implementation of biomonitoring programs to safeguard the South African environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilzé Horak
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Suranie Horn
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Rialet Pieters
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Firth DC, Auerswald L, Strydom PE, Hoffman LC. The Status of Marine Mussel Pollution Research in South Africa (2012-2022). Foods 2023; 12:3983. [PMID: 37959102 PMCID: PMC10648133 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing human population requires more food each year, and seafood products can help meet this demand if clean water resources are available for their growth. Farmed and wild mussels are environmentally friendly seafood with many health benefits to human consumers, but they can also pose a health risk if they are harvested from areas where marine anthropogenic pollution is uncontrolled or unmonitored. While the coastline in South Africa has long been assumed to be pristine, a growing number of recent studies are raising contamination concerns. Baseline studies establish a wide range of anthropogenic pollutants to be present in the marine environment, specifically in urbanised or industrialised areas like major cities or harbours. This review summarises how mussels could pose health risks to human consumers and the current research that is being conducted by private researchers and institutions in South Africa. The review emphasises the need for more research in the field and for governmental pollution monitoring data to be released to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Caitlin Firth
- Department of Animal Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa; (D.C.F.); (L.A.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Lutz Auerswald
- Department of Animal Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa; (D.C.F.); (L.A.); (P.E.S.)
- Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment, Cape Town 8012, South Africa
| | - Philip E. Strydom
- Department of Animal Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa; (D.C.F.); (L.A.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman
- Department of Animal Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa; (D.C.F.); (L.A.); (P.E.S.)
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Zhang Z, Luan Y, Ru S, Teng H, Li Y, Liu M, Wang J. A novel electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of herbicide prometryn based on its highly specific aptamer and Ag@Au nanoflowers. Talanta 2023; 265:124838. [PMID: 37453395 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide prometryn has become a common pollutant in aquatic environments and caused adverse impacts on ecosystems. This study developed an ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor for prometryn based on its highly affinitive and specific aptamer and Ag@Au nanoflowers (Ag@AuNFs) for signal amplification. Firstly, this study improved the Capture-SELEX strategy to screen aptamers and obtained aptamer P60-1, which had a high affinity (Kd: 23 nM) and could distinguish prometryn from its structural analogues. Moreover, the typical stem-loop structure in aptamer P60-1 was found to be the binding pocket for prometryn. Subsequently, an electrochemical aptasensor for prometryn was established using multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide as electrode substrate, Ag@Au NFs as signal amplification element, and aptamer P60-1 as recognition element. The aptasensor had a detection range of 0.16-500 ng/mL and a detection limit of 60 pg/mL, which was much lower than those of existing detection methods. The aptasensor had high stability and good repeatability, and could specifically detecting prometryn. Furthermore, the utility of the aptasensor was validated by measuring prometryn in environmental and biological components. Therefore, this study provides a robust and ultrasensitive aptasensor for accurate detection for prometryn pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunxia Luan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Hayan Teng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Minhao Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Zheng H, Chen Z, Yang K, Xiao K, Zhu J, Gao Z, Han Z, Liu Y, Cai M. Spatiotemporal variations, surface inventory, and cross regional impact of current-use organoamine pesticides in Chinese Marginal Seas. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131213. [PMID: 36931216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Current-use Organoamine Pesticides (CUOAPs) are a growing concern as emerging pesticide pollutants that were initially discovered on a large scale in Chinese Marginal Seas (CMSs). The highest level was detected in the East China Sea in the late spring and decreased in the following order: East China Sea (early spring) > the South China Sea > the Bohai Sea. The crucial role played by the Yangtze and Yellow rivers as significant terrestrial sources were established. The fluctuations in the land application and riverine input led to variations in the source, distribution, and seasonal patterns of CUOAPs. Terrestrial-exported CUOAPs were transported and redistributed spatially by the surface ocean currents, resulting in significant regional disparities. The results displayed a pronounced terrestrial source signature and a cross-regional impact. By the ocean current transport, CMSs will likely become a secondary source region for the surrounding seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zheng
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Ocean Institute, Northwest Polytechnical University, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Kunde Yang
- Ocean Institute, Northwest Polytechnical University, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Kaiyan Xiao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jincai Zhu
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Zheyi Han
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Yanguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Minghong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Tresnakova N, Impellitteri F, Famulari S, Porretti M, Filice M, Caferro A, Savoca S, D Iglio C, Imbrogno S, Albergamo A, Vazzana I, Stara A, Di Bella G, Velisek J, Faggio C. Fitness assessment of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 after exposure to herbicide metabolite propachlor ESA. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 331:121878. [PMID: 37236591 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The lack of data on the chronic effects of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites on non-target aquatic organisms creates a gap in knowledge about the comprehensive impacts of excessive and repeated pesticide use. Therefore, this study evaluates the long-term effects of propachlor ethanolic sulfonic acid (PROP-ESA) after 10 (T1) and 20 (T2) days at the environmental level of 3.5 μg.L-1 (E1) and its 10x fold multiply 35 μg.L-1 (E2) on a model organism Mytilus galloprovincialis. To this end, the effects of PROP-ESA usually showed a time- and dose-dependent trend, especially in its amount in soft mussel tissue. The bioconcentration factor increased from T1 to T2 in both exposure groups - from 2.12 to 5.30 in E1 and 2.32 to 5.48 in E2. Biochemical haemolymph profile and haemocyte viability were not affected by PROP-ESA exposure. In addition, the viability of digestive gland (DG) cells decreased only in E2 compared to control and E1 after T1. Moreover, malondialdehyde levels increased in E2 after T1 in gills, and DG, superoxidase dismutase activity and oxidatively modified proteins were not affected by PROP-ESA. Histopathological observation showed several damages to gills (e.g., increased vacuolation, over-production of mucus, loss of cilia) and DG (e.g., growing haemocyte trend infiltrations, alterations of tubules). This study revealed a potential risk of chloroacetanilide herbicide, propachlor, via its primary metabolite in the Bivalve bioindicator species M. galloprovincialis. Furthermore, considering the possibility of the biomagnification effect, the most prominent threat poses the ability of PROP-ESA to be accumulated in edible mussel tissues. Therefore, future research about the toxicity of pesticide metabolites alone or their mixtures is needed to gain comprehensive results about their impacts on living non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Tresnakova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- University of Messina, Department of Veterinary Science, Viale Giovanni Palatucci Snc, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Sergio Famulari
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale Ferdinando Stagno 'd'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Miriam Porretti
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale Ferdinando Stagno 'd'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Mariacristina Filice
- University of Calabria, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Alessia Caferro
- University of Calabria, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Serena Savoca
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Claudio D Iglio
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale Ferdinando Stagno 'd'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Sandra Imbrogno
- University of Calabria, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Irene Vazzana
- Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alzbeta Stara
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Josef Velisek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale Ferdinando Stagno 'd'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
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11
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Ding Y, Zheng H, Chen Z, Gao Y, Xiao K, Gao Z, Han Z, Xue Y, Cai M. Ocean current redistributed the currently using Organoamine Pesticides in Arctic summer water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163979. [PMID: 37164088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In a comprehensive study on the presence and distribution of Currently Using Organoamine Pesticides (CUOAPs) in the Arctic Ocean, this study collected and analyzed 36 surface seawater samples during the summer of 2021. The study detected 36 CUOAPs, 17 of these compounds at levels exceeding the Method Detection Limits (MDLs). Concentrations of CUOAPs ranged from 0.11 to 2.94 ng/L, exhibiting an average of 1.83 ± 0.83 ng/L. Spatial distribution analysis revealed lower CUOAP concentrations in the central Arctic Ocean, with Cycloate constituting the most abundant component (23.66 %). The investigation identified terrestrial inputs and long-range atmospheric transport as potential sources of CUOAPs in the Arctic Ocean region. The origins of individual CUOAPs appeared to be associated with application procedures and their propensity for co-occurrence at low latitudes. The study also examined the role of ocean currents in the transport and redistribution of CUOAPs in surface seawater across different regions. While ocean currents played a significant role, the influence of sea ice cover on CUOAP distribution was minimal. An ecological risk assessment analysis underscored the need for regional attention to the presence of CUOAPs in the Arctic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Ding
- School of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu, Changzhou 213164, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Hongyuan Zheng
- Ocean Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Jiangsu, Suzhou 215400, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China.
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhejiang 310018, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China.
| | - Kaiyan Xiao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zheyi Han
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yingang Xue
- School of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Minghong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai 201209, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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12
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Daramola IO, Ojemaye MO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Occurrence of herbicides in the aquatic environment and their removal using advanced oxidation processes: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1231-1260. [PMID: 35798909 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are chemicals used globally to kill unwanted plants so as to obtain high agricultural yields and good agricultural products. Herbicides are sometimes transported from the farmlands into water bodies mainly through runoffs. These chemicals are recalcitrant, and their accumulation is hazardous to abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. At present, the best alternative technology for elimination of herbicides in water is the usage of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The AOPs, which are performed homogeneously or heterogeneously, are capable of breaking down complex pollutants in water into carbon dioxide and mineral compounds. In these processes, ·OH is produced and used for degradation process. It is recommended that the total organic carbon (TOC) produced during degradation reaction be monitored because the ‧OH produced or generated can react to form intermediates before complete mineralisation is achieved. Different kinds of AOPs for degradation of herbicides have their specific advantages as well as limitations. This report shows that AOPs are excellent techniques for degradation of herbicides in aqueous solutions, and the mechanisms showed that herbicides were mineralised. The amount and type of photocatalysts, pH of the medium, surface characteristics of the photocatalysts, doping of the photocatalysts, temperature of the medium, concentration of herbicides, presence of competing ions, intensity and irradiation period, and type of oxidants have great influence on the degradation of herbicides in water. Overall, this report showed that most AOPs could not completely degrade herbicides in water and complete degradation can be achieved by developing novel and robust AOPs that will completely mineralise herbicides in water-this will pave way for water and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoluwa O Daramola
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Mike O Ojemaye
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola O Okoh
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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13
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Marcu D, Keyser S, Petrik L, Fuhrimann S, Maree L. Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) and Male Reproductive Health: Challenging the Future with a Double-Edged Sword. TOXICS 2023; 11:330. [PMID: 37112557 PMCID: PMC10141735 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 9% of couples are infertile, with half of these cases relating to male factors. While many cases of male infertility are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, approximately 30% of cases are still idiopathic. Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) denote substances identified in the environment for the first time or detected at low concentrations during water quality analysis. Since CEC production and use have increased in recent decades, CECs are now ubiquitous in surface and groundwater. CECs are increasingly observed in human tissues, and parallel reports indicate that semen quality is continuously declining, supporting the notion that CECs may play a role in infertility. This narrative review focuses on several CECs (including pesticides and pharmaceuticals) detected in the nearshore marine environment of False Bay, Cape Town, South Africa, and deliberates their potential effects on male fertility and the offspring of exposed parents, as well as the use of spermatozoa in toxicological studies. Collective findings report that chronic in vivo exposure to pesticides, including atrazine, simazine, and chlorpyrifos, is likely to be detrimental to the reproduction of many organisms, as well as to sperm performance in vitro. Similarly, exposure to pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac and naproxen impairs sperm motility both in vivo and in vitro. These contaminants are also likely to play a key role in health and disease in offspring sired by parents exposed to CECs. On the other side of the double-edged sword, we propose that due to its sensitivity to environmental conditions, spermatozoa could be used as a bioindicator in eco- and repro-toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Marcu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Shannen Keyser
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Sciences Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Liana Maree
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
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14
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Chow R, Curchod L, Davies E, Veludo AF, Oltramare C, Dalvie MA, Stamm C, Röösli M, Fuhrimann S. Seasonal drivers and risks of aquatic pesticide pollution in drought and post-drought conditions in three Mediterranean watersheds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159784. [PMID: 36328263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Western Cape in South Africa has a Mediterranean climate, which has in part led to an abundance of agriculturally productive land supporting the wheat, deciduous fruit, wine, and citrus industries. South Africa is the leading pesticide user in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is limited data on the pesticide pollution of surface water over different seasons in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated the seasonal drivers of aquatic pesticide pollution in three river catchments (Berg, Krom, and Hex Rivers) from July 2017 to June 2018 and April to July 2019, using 48 passive samplers. Our sampling followed the most severe drought (2015-2018) since recordings in 1960. Thus, our analyses focus on how drought and post-drought conditions may affect in-stream pesticide concentrations and loads. Samples were analyzed for 101 pesticide compounds using liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry. Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) were used to assess the risks. We detected 60 pesticide compounds across the sampling periods. Our results indicate that all samples across all three catchments contained at least three pesticides and that the majority (83%) contained five or more pesticides. Approximately half the number of pesticides were detected after the drought in 2018. High concentration sums of pesticides (>1 μg/L) were detected over long time periods in the Hex River Valley (22 weeks) and in Piketberg (four weeks). Terbuthylazine, imidacloprid, and metsulfuron-methyl were detected in the highest concentrations, making up most of the detected mass, and were frequently above EQS. The occurrence of some pesticides in water generally correlated with their application and rainfall events. However, those of imidacloprid and terbuthylazine did not, suggesting that non-rainfall-driven transport processes are important drivers of aquatic pesticide pollution. The implementation of specific, scientifically sound, mitigation measures against aquatic pesticide pollution would require comprehensive pesticide application data as well as a targeted study identifying sources and transport processes for environmentally persistent pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chow
- Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - L Curchod
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Davies
- Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - A F Veludo
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Oltramare
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M A Dalvie
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Stamm
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Fuhrimann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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15
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Ojemaye CY, Pampanin DM, Sydnes MO, Green L, Petrik L. The burden of emerging contaminants upon an Atlantic Ocean marine protected reserve adjacent to Camps Bay, Cape Town, South Africa. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12625. [PMID: 36619409 PMCID: PMC9816787 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence and levels of fifteen chemicals of emerging concerns, including five perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), two industrial chemicals, seven pharmaceuticals and one personal care product, were evaluated in biota, seawater and sediments obtained from near-shore coastal zone in Camps Bay, Cape Town, South Africa. Eight compounds were found in seawater, and between nine to twelve compounds were quantified in marine invertebrates, sediment and seaweed. Diclofenac was the prevalent pharmaceutical with a maximum concentration of 2.86 ng/L in seawater, ≥110.9 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments and ≥67.47 ng/g dw in marine biotas. Among PFCs, perfluoroheptanoic acid was predominant in seawater (0.21-0.46 ng/L). Accumulation of perfluorodecanoic acid (764 ng/g dw) as well as perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid (504.52 and 597.04 ng/g dw, respectively) was highest in samples of seaweed. The environmental risk assessment carried out in this study showed that although individual pollutants pose a low acute and chronic risk, yet individual compounds each had a high bioaccumulation factor in diverse marine species, and their combination as a complex mixture in marine organisms might have adverse effects upon aquatic organisms. Data revealed that this Atlantic Ocean marine protected environment is affected by the presence of numerous and diverse emerging contaminants that could only have originated from sewage discharges. The complex mixture of persistent chemicals found bioaccumulating in marine organisms could bode ill for the propagation and survival of marine protected species, since many of these compounds are known toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Y. Ojemaye
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa,Corresponding author.
| | - Daniela M. Pampanin
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Technology, University of Stavanger, N. O. 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Magne O. Sydnes
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Technology, University of Stavanger, N. O. 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lesley Green
- Environmental Humanities South and Department of Anthropology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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16
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Kurniasari F, Tazaki A, Hashimoto K, Yuan T, Al Hossain MMA, Akhand AA, Ahsan N, Ohnuma S, Kato M. Redistribution of potentially toxic elements in the hydrosphere after the relocation of a group of tanneries. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135098. [PMID: 35643165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous relocation of a group of pollutant sources in a heavily polluted area is a rare event. Such a relocation has been implemented in Hazaribagh, a tannery built-up area with heavy pollution, in Bangladesh. This provides a valuable opportunity to compare the changes in environmental conditions associated with the relocation of multiple putative sources. Our environmental monitoring for a period of 6 years at the stationary areas centered on Hazaribagh geographically revealed trivalent [Cr(III)], hexavalent [Cr(VI)] chromium, lead, iron, and manganese as tannery-related elements after the legal deadline for tannery relocation. The median Cr(III) level in canal water, into which wastewater from tanneries was directly discharged, after the relocation was 97% lower of that before the relocation, indicating a beneficial effect of the relocation. In contrast, the median Cr(VI) level in water samples just after the relocation and 2 years after the relocation were approximately 5-fold and 30-fold higher, respectively, than those before the relocation. These results indicate not only a harmful effect of the relocation but also the possibility of conversion from Cr(III) to Cr(VI) in nature. Although the health hazard indexes considering all of the tannery-related elements in all of the canal water samples before the relocation exceeded the safety thresholds, the percentages of samples in which the indexes exceeded their safety thresholds after the relocation decreased by 32.5%-45.0%. Treatment with our patented hydrotalcite-like compound consisting of magnesium and iron (MF-HT) resulted in decreases in the health hazard indexes in all of the water samples in which the indexes exceeded their safety thresholds to levels lower than their thresholds. Thus, this study shows the double-edged effects associated with the relocation and a potential solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitri Kurniasari
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Tazaki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hashimoto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M M Aeorangajeb Al Hossain
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Anwarul Azim Akhand
- Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Ahsan
- Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shoko Ohnuma
- Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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17
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Nuchan P, Kovitvadhi U, Sangsawang A, Kovitvadhi S, Klaimala P, Srakaew N. Biochemical and cellular responses of the freshwater mussel, Hyriopsis bialata, to the herbicide atrazine. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119710. [PMID: 35798193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate biochemical and cellular responses of the freshwater mussel, Hyriopsis bialata, to the herbicide atrazine (ATZ). The mussels were exposed to environmentally-relevant concentrations of ATZ (0, 0.02 and 0.2 mg/L) and a high concentration (2 mg/L) for 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Tissues comprising male and female gonads, digestive glands and gills were collected and assessed for ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (MXR), histopathological responses, DNA fragmentation and bioaccumulation of ATZ and its transformation derivatives, desethylatrazine (DEA) and desisopropylatrazine (DIA). Additionally, circulating estradiol levels were determined. It appeared that ATZ did not cause significant changes in activities of EROD, GST and MXR. There were no apparent ATZ-mediated histopathological effects in the tissues, with the exception of the male gonads exhibiting aberrant aggregation of germ cells in the ATZ-treated mussels. Contrarily, ATZ caused significant DNA fragmentation in all tissues of the treated animals in dose- and time-dependent manners. In general, the circulating estradiol levels were higher in the females than in the males. However, ATZ-treated animals did not show significant alterations in the hormonal levels, as compared with those of the untreated animals. Herein, we showed for the first time differentially spatiotemporal distribution patterns of bioaccumulation of ATZ, DEA and DIA, with ATZ and DEA detectable in the gonads of both sexes, DEA and DIA in the digestive glands and only DEA in the gills. The differential distribution patterns of bioaccumulation of ATZ and its derivatives among the tissues point to different pathways and tissue capacity in transforming ATZ into its transformation products. Taken together, the freshwater mussel H. bialata was resistant to ATZ likely due to their effective detoxification. However, using DNA damage as a potential biomarker, H. bialata is a promising candidate for biomonitoring aquatic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattanan Nuchan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Uthaiwan Kovitvadhi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Akkarasiri Sangsawang
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Satit Kovitvadhi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Thonburi, Bangkok, 10600, Thailand
| | - Pakasinee Klaimala
- Impact of Pesticide Use Subdivision, Pesticide Research Group, Agricultural Production Science Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Nopparat Srakaew
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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18
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Yi X, Wei Y, Zhai W, Wang P, Liu D, Zhou Z. Effects of three surfactants on the degradation and environmental risk of metolachlor in aquatic environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134295. [PMID: 35283146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants and pesticides can be simultaneously detected in the environment by the reason of their widespread use and large amounts of emissions. Due to the special amphipathicity of surfactants, it may have special effects on the environmental behaviors and toxic effects of other substances in the environment. There are few relevant studies at present. In this study, the effects of three surfactants on the degradation of the amide pesticide metolachlor in water-sediment system were investigated. The study found that the three surfactants had no significant effect on the degradation of metolachlor in the system at environmental concentrations. However, at critical micelle concentration, cationic surfactant octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and nonionic surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether promoted the degradation of metolachlor in water-sediment system. Anionic surfactant odium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) prolonged the degradation half-life of metolachlor. The presence of surfactants not only affected the environmental behavior of pesticides. When they coexisted with pesticides, the joint toxicity to aquatic organisms cannot be ignored. This study found that the combined effects of three surfactants and metolachlor on the acute developmental toxicity of zebrafish embryos were all synergistic effects. The combined effects of two ionic surfactants and metolachlor on the acute toxicity of adult zebrafish were synergistic effects. Further study showed that co-exposure of SDBS and metolachlor increased the absorption of metolachlor by zebrafish. Combined exposure of SDBS and metolachlor caused oxidative stress in brain, gill and liver of zebrafish. The results showed that the simultaneous presence of anionic surfactants and pesticides in the environment may increase the environmental risk of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Yi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yimu Wei
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wangjing Zhai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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19
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Degrendele C, Klánová J, Prokeš R, Příbylová P, Šenk P, Šudoma M, Röösli M, Dalvie MA, Fuhrimann S. Current use pesticides in soil and air from two agricultural sites in South Africa: Implications for environmental fate and human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150455. [PMID: 34634720 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Concerns about the possible negative impacts of current use pesticides (CUPs) for both the environment and human health have increased worldwide. However, the knowledge on the occurrence of CUPs in soil and air and the related human exposure in Africa is limited. This study investigated the presence of 30 CUPs in soil and air at two distinct agricultural sites in South Africa and estimated the human exposure and related risks to rural residents via soil ingestion and inhalation (using hazard quotients, hazard index and relative potency factors). We collected 12 soil and 14 air samples over seven days during the main pesticide application season in 2018. All samples were extracted, purified and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. In soils, nine CUPs were found, with chlorpyrifos, carbaryl and tebuconazole having the highest concentrations (up to 63.6, 1.10 and 0.212 ng g-1, respectively). In air, 16 CUPs were found, with carbaryl, tebuconazole and terbuthylazine having the highest levels (up to 25.0, 22.2 and 1.94 pg m-3, respectively). Spatial differences were observed between the two sites for seven CUPs in air and two in soils. A large dominance towards the particulate phase was found for almost all CUPs, which could be related to mass transport kinetics limitations (non-equilibrium) following pesticide application. The estimated daily intake via soil ingestion and inhalation of individual pesticides ranged from 0.126 fg kg-1 day-1 (isoproturon) to 14.7 ng kg-1 day-1 (chlorpyrifos). Except for chlorpyrifos, soil ingestion generally represented a minor exposure pathway compared to inhalation (i.e. <5%). The pesticide environmental exposure largely differed between the residents of the two distinct agricultural sites in terms of levels and composition. The estimated human health risks due to soil ingestion and inhalation of pesticides were negligible although future studies should explore other relevant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jana Klánová
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Prokeš
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Příbylová
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šenk
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šudoma
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Röösli
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
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20
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Wang Z, Sun X, Ru S, Wang J, Xiong J, Yang L, Hao L, Zhang J, Zhang X. Effects of co-exposure of the triazine herbicides atrazine, prometryn and terbutryn on Phaeodactylum tricornutum photosynthesis and nutritional value. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150609. [PMID: 34619212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triazine herbicides are widely used in agricultural production, and large amounts of herbicide residue enter the ocean through surface runoff. In this study, the toxicities of the triazine herbicides atrazine, prometryn and terbutryn (separately and mixed) to Phaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated. The EC50 values of atrazine, prometryn and terbutryn were 28.38 μg L-1, 8.86 μg L-1, and 1.38 μg L-1, respectively. The EC50 of an equitoxic mixture of the three herbicides was 0.78 TU, indicating that they had synergistic effects. The equitoxic mixture accumulated in P. tricornutum, which damaged chloroplast and mitochondria structures and significantly decrease the biomass, levels of key cellular components (such as chlorophyll a (chl a), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, fatty acid content) and the effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII, ∆Fv/Fm). The mixture also downregulated key genes in the light response (PsbD, PetF), dark response (PGK, PRK), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (CS, ID, OGD, and MS) and fatty acid synthesis (FABB, SCD, and PTD9). P. tricornutum partially alleviates the effects of the mixture on photosynthesis and fatty acid synthesis by upregulating PetD, PsaB, RbcL and FabI expression. The triazine herbicide mixture reduced the biomass and nutritional value of marine phytoplankton by inhibiting photosynthesis and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyuan Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiuqiang Xiong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Liqiang Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Liping Hao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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21
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Fuhrimann S, Wan C, Blouzard E, Veludo A, Holtman Z, Chetty-Mhlanga S, Dalvie MA, Atuhaire A, Kromhout H, Röösli M, Rother HA. Pesticide Research on Environmental and Human Exposure and Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:259. [PMID: 35010520 PMCID: PMC8750985 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
On the African continent, ongoing agriculture intensification is accompanied by the increasing use of pesticides, associated with environmental and public health concerns. Using a systematic literature review, we aimed to map current geographical research hotspots and gaps around environmental and public health risks research of agriculture pesticides in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies were included that collected primary data on past and current-used agricultural pesticides and assessed their environmental occurrence, related knowledge, attitude and practice, human exposure, and environmental or public health risks between 2006 and 2021. We identified 391 articles covering 469 study sites in 37 countries in SSA. Five geographical research hotspots were identified: two in South Africa, two in East Africa, and one in West Africa. Despite its ban for agricultural use, organochlorine was the most studied pesticide group (60%; 86% of studies included DDT). Current-used pesticides in agriculture were studied in 54% of the study sites (including insecticides (92%), herbicides (44%), and fungicides (35%)). Environmental samples were collected in 67% of the studies (e.g., water, aquatic species, sediment, agricultural produce, and air). In 38% of the studies, human subjects were investigated. Only few studies had a longitudinal design or assessed pesticide's environmental risks; human biomarkers; dose-response in human subjects, including children and women; and interventions to reduce pesticide exposure. We established a research database that can help stakeholders to address research gaps, foster research collaboration between environmental and health dimensions, and work towards sustainable and safe agriculture systems in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fuhrimann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.V.); (S.C.-M.); (M.R.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (E.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Chenjie Wan
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Elodie Blouzard
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (E.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Adriana Veludo
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.V.); (S.C.-M.); (M.R.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zelda Holtman
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa; (Z.H.); (M.A.D.); (H.-A.R.)
- Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa
| | - Shala Chetty-Mhlanga
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.V.); (S.C.-M.); (M.R.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa; (Z.H.); (M.A.D.); (H.-A.R.)
| | - Aggrey Atuhaire
- Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health (UNACOH), Kampala 12590, Uganda;
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (E.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.V.); (S.C.-M.); (M.R.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hanna-Andrea Rother
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa; (Z.H.); (M.A.D.); (H.-A.R.)
- Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa
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22
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Tyohemba RL, Pillay L, Humphries MS. Bioaccumulation of current-use herbicides in fish from a global biodiversity hotspot: Lake St Lucia, South Africa. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131407. [PMID: 34323786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural pesticides threaten aquatic systems and biodiversity at a global scale, but limited information is available on the accumulation of current-use herbicides in tissues of aquatic organisms. Here, we examine the potential exposure and accumulation of currently used herbicides in two species of fish from Lake St Lucia, a global biodiversity hotspot located in South Africa. Muscle tissue samples were analysed for 11 widely used multi-residue and phenoxy-acid herbicides. Herbicide residues were detected in all samples analysed, with total concentrations ranging from 44.3 to 238 ng g-1 (Clarias gariepinus) and 72.2-291 ng g-1 dw (Oreochromis mossambicus). The most prominent herbicides detected included the two phenoxy-acid herbicides, MCPA (17.6 ± 12 ng g-1) and 2,4-D (28.9 ± 16 ng g-1), along with acetochlor (15.4 ± 5.8 ng g-1), atrazine (12.7 ± 7.1 ng g-1) and terbuthylazine (12.4 ± 12 ng g-1). Results indicate that fish at Lake St Lucia accumulate a complex mixture of herbicides, some previously unreported in tissue, highlighting the potential threat that agricultural runoff may pose to conservation areas. However, assessing the impact of herbicide accumulation on wild fish populations is difficult at present and urgent toxicological data are needed to better understand chronic exposure effects on aquatic organisms. A preliminary human health risk assessment indicated minimal risk associated with the consumption of local fish, but potential additive and synergistic effects of contaminant mixtures remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Lubem Tyohemba
- School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, WITS, 2050, South Africa.
| | - Letitia Pillay
- School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, WITS, 2050, South Africa
| | - Marc S Humphries
- School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, WITS, 2050, South Africa.
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23
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Ojemaye CY, Onwordi CT, Pampanin DM, Sydnes MO, Petrik L. Corrigendum to: "2021. Herbicides in Camps Bay (Cape Town, South Africa), supplemented" [Sci. Total Environ., Volume 778, 2021, 146057, ISSN 0048-9697]. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:147228. [PMID: 33965233 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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24
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Ojemaye CY, Onwordi CT, Pampanin DM, Sydnes MO, Petrik L. Herbicides in Camps Bay (Cape Town, South Africa), supplemented. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146057. [PMID: 33714098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During 2017 the herbicides alachlor, atrazine, butachlor, metolachlor, and simazine were detected in water samples, beach sediments and marine biota collected at Camps Bay, Cape Town, South Africa. During that period, the annual rain catchment record was 77,000 m3, whereas the volume of chemically laden sewage discharged via the marine outfall was 693,500 m3 making the marine sewage outfall by far the most predominant source for these herbicides in the bay. The chemical load in the discharged sewage was not removed by the applied pre-treatment step, which only uses a 3 mm screen to eliminate plastic, paper, rags and other foreign materials. After passing through the Camps Bay pump station, the sewage is released to the bay at the following GPS position 33°56'42.214″ S 18°21'59.257″ E (Colenbrander et al., 2021) and at a discharge depth of 23 m and 1497 m from the beach. In our study the presence in marine biota of atrazine and simazine were taken as being indicative of the chemical signature of the sewage being released through the outfall, since these compounds were detected previously in the sewage prior to discharge. To our knowledge, our studies of the herbicides in diverse benthic organisms found in the near shore environment of Camps Bay are the first of their kind for this Western Cape region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Y Ojemaye
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chionyedua T Onwordi
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, LASU, P.O. Box 0001, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Magne O Sydnes
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
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25
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Riascos-Flores L, Bruneel S, Van der Heyden C, Deknock A, Van Echelpoel W, Forio MAE, De Saeyer N, Vanden Berghe W, Spanoghe P, Bermudez R, Dominguez-Granda L, Goethals P. Polluted paradise: Occurrence of pesticide residues within the urban coastal zones of Santa Cruz and Isabela (Galapagos, Ecuador). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:142956. [PMID: 33129533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although pesticides are frequently used for agriculture in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), there are, to date, no investigations of pesticide occurrences in its coastal waters. We examined the presence of pesticide residues in the coastal waters of urban areas in two islands of the Galapagos archipelago using a repeated sampling design. Quantification was performed by solid-phase extraction, followed by chemical analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The diversity and concentration of pesticide residues in Santa Cruz island were higher compared to Isabela island. In total, sixteen pesticides were detected, including three persistent organic pollutants. Carbendazim (23.93 μg·L-1), cadusafos (4.74 μg·L-1), DDT (2.99 μg·L-1), diuron (1.61 μg·L-1) and aldrin (1.55 μg·L-1) were detected with the highest concentrations between samples. Repetitions in locations show that concentrations of pesticide residues varied considerably in space and time. Comparison with local products indicated agricultural activities on the islands as a possible source. Furthermore, evaluation through ecological risk quotients showed that the observed concentration levels of seven pesticides pose a relatively high risk for three biotic groups (i.e. algae, invertebrates and fishes). Taken together, this study provides insights into the need to regulate, monitor and assess the presence of pesticides in the islands. At a global scale, this study is moreover valuable for the many islands that are facing the same challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenin Riascos-Flores
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ambientales, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra, Ecuador.
| | - Stijn Bruneel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christine Van der Heyden
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University College Ghent, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arne Deknock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wout Van Echelpoel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Anne Eurie Forio
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Saeyer
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory of Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Spanoghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rafael Bermudez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima y Ciencias del Mar, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador; International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratories, Principality of Monaco, Monaco; Galapagos Marine Research and Exploration, GMaRE. Joint ESPOL-CDF program, Charles Darwin Research Station, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
| | - Luis Dominguez-Granda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Colenbrander D, Oelofse G, Le Roux M. Rebuttal: Ojemaye, C. Y., Onwordi, C. T., Pampanin, D. M., Sydnes, M. O., & Petrik, L., 2020. Presence and risk assessment of herbicides in the marine environment of Camps Bay (Cape Town, South Africa). Sci. Total Environ. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140346. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142576. [PMID: 33059140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Darryl Colenbrander
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, City of Cape Town, PO Box 16548, Vlaeberg, 8018 Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Gregg Oelofse
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, City of Cape Town, PO Box 16548, Vlaeberg, 8018 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maria Le Roux
- Environmental Management Department, Coastal Management Branch, City of Cape Town, PO Box 16548, Vlaeberg, 8018 Cape Town, South Africa
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27
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Zuo W, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Tang S, Sun Y, Huang H, Yu Y. Degradation of organic pollutants by intimately coupling photocatalytic materials with microbes: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:273-299. [PMID: 33525937 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1869689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, large amounts of organic pollutants have been released into the environment. Consequently, the degradation of refractory organic pollutants has become one of the toughest challenges in remediation. To solve this problem, intimate coupling of photocatalysis and biodegradation (ICPB) technology, which allows the simultaneous action of photocatalysis and biodegradation and thus integrates the advantages of photocatalytic reactions and biological treatments, was developed recently. ICPB consists mainly of porous carriers, photocatalysts, biofilms, and an illuminated reactor. Under illumination, photocatalysts on the surface of the carriers convert refractory pollutants into biodegradable products through photocatalytic reactions, after which these products are completely degraded by the biofilms cultivated in the carriers. Additionally, the biofilms are protected by the carriers from the harmful light and free radicals generated by the photocatalyst. Compared with traditional technologies, ICPB remarkably improves the degradation efficiency and reduces the cost of bioremediation. In this review, we introduce the origin and mechanisms of ICPB, discuss the development of reactors, carriers, photocatalysts, and biofilms used in ICPB, and summarize the applications of ICPB to treat organic pollutants. Finally, gaps in this research as well as future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Zuo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.,Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Susu Tang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yadong Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, PR China
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28
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Horak I, Horn S, Pieters R. Agrochemicals in freshwater systems and their potential as endocrine disrupting chemicals: A South African context. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115718. [PMID: 33035912 PMCID: PMC7513804 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
South Africa is the largest agrochemical user in sub-Saharan Africa, with over 3000 registered pesticide products. Although they reduce crop losses, these chemicals reach non-target aquatic environments via leaching, spray drift or run-off. In this review, attention is paid to legacy and current-use pesticides reported in literature for the freshwater environment of South Africa and to the extent these are linked to endocrine disruption. Although banned, residues of many legacy organochlorine pesticides (endosulfan and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) are still detected in South African watercourses and wildlife. Several current-use pesticides (triazine herbicides, glyphosate-based herbicides, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and chlorpyrifos) have also been reported. Agrochemicals can interfere with normal hormone function of non-target organism leading to various endocrine disrupting (ED) effects: intersex, reduced spermatogenesis, asymmetric urogenital papillae, testicular lesions and infertile eggs. Although studies investigating the occurrence of agrochemicals and/or ED effects in freshwater aquatic environments in South Africa have increased, few studies determined both the levels of agricultural pesticides present and associated ED effects. The majority of studies conducted are either laboratory-based employing in vitro or in vivo bioassays to determine ED effects of agrochemicals or studies that investigate environmental concentrations of pesticides. However, a combined approach of bioassays and chemical screening will provide a more comprehensive overview of agrochemical pollution of water systems in South Africa and the risks associated with long-term chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilzé Horak
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Suranie Horn
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Rialet Pieters
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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