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Hu Y, Metsä-Simola N, Malmberg S, Martikainen P. Trajectories of antidepressant use before and after union dissolution and re-partnering in later life: a prospective total population register-based cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2024; 78:277-283. [PMID: 38320855 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-221529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grey divorce and later remarriage have become increasingly common in high-income countries, but previous evidence on their impacts on mental health is scarce. Even less is known about the effects of non-marital separation and re-partnering in later life. METHODS Using Finnish registry data from 1996 to 2018 on 228 644 individuals aged 50-70 in 2000-2014, trajectories of antidepressant (AD) use 4 years before and 4 years after divorce, non-marital separation, bereavement and subsequent re-partnering were examined using individual fixed-effects (FE) linear probability models. RESULTS In adjusted FE models, for both genders AD use increased during the 4 years before divorce (men: 5.00 percentage points (95% CI 4.50 to 5.50); women: 6.96 (95% CI 6.34 to 7.59)), non-marital separation (men: 3.20 (95% CI 2.72 to 3.69); women: 5.98 (95% CI 5.30 to 6.66)) and bereavement (men: 4.53 (95% CI 3.97 to 5.09); women: 5.64 (95% CI 5.25 to 6.04)), with the increase accelerating immediately before the event. AD use gradually declined after union dissolution, after which it stabilised on a persistently higher level compared with pre-dissolution. Re-partnering was only associated with a small and transitory reduction in AD use (0.1-1.5 percentage points). The increases in AD use associated with union dissolution were larger in women than in men, whereas the small reductions in AD use associated with re-partnering were particularly short-lived among women. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that union dissolution in later life is associated with large and persistent increases in AD use, whereas the reductions associated with re-partnering are limited both in magnitude and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyue Hu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Niina Metsä-Simola
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Malmberg
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
- Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Helsinki, Finland
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Zheng Z, Zhao W, Zhou Q, Yang Y, Chen S, Hu J, Jiang W, Zhang W, Cai J, Qiu J. Sex differences in depression, anxiety and health-promoting lifestyles among community residents: A network approach. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:369-378. [PMID: 37499917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers have studied sex differences in typical depressive and anxiety symptoms and their cooccurrence. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a mental health promotion objective that suggests considering protective health-promoting factors when developing strategies for preventing mental disorders between sexes. From a network perspective, psychopathology is viewed as a result of interacting symptoms and influential factors. This study adopted network approach to investigate sex differences in health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) and the cooccurrence symptoms of communities in Shanghai. The aim is to provide health-promoting suggestions on better enhancing the life quality for community members. METHODS Depression, anxiety symptoms, and HPL were assessed with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and HPLP-II scales in 2420 adults (1411 females). Networks were constructed by Gaussian Graphical Models and the networks of two sexes using the Network Comparison Test. RESULTS Females scored significantly higher on PHQ-9 (p < 0.001) and GAD-7 (p < 0.001), and no differences were found between the two sexes in HPL scores. Restlessness and low energy yielded the highest strength centrality in the female network, while suicide ideation and restlessness were central in male network. Regarding protective HPL, physical activity and stress management were identified as the central mental health-promoting behaviours in female and male network, respectively. However, stress management was positively related to suicide ideation in the male network. CONCLUSION Communities should be aware of suicide ideation in males because of its high relationships with other symptoms and also provide stress management courses, especially for males. As for women, chronic energy deficiency deserves more attention for its high probability of cooccurrence with other symptoms in the network. Also, advocating physical activities may be particularly beneficial for the overall mental health among women. Future study should collect time-series data and analyze intraindividual networks to specify personalized health promoting strategies for each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Shanghai Xuhui Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangyi Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Shanghai Xuhui Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyin Qiu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Meulman I, Loef B, Stadhouders N, Moger TA, Wong A, Polder JJ, Uiters E. Estimating healthcare expenditures after becoming divorced or widowed using propensity score matching. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2023; 24:1047-1060. [PMID: 36251142 PMCID: PMC10406688 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-022-01532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Becoming divorced or widowed are stressful life events experienced by a substantial part of the population. While marital status is a significant predictor in many studies on healthcare expenditures, effects of a change in marital status, specifically becoming divorced or widowed, are less investigated. This study combines individual health claims data and registered sociodemographic characteristics from all Dutch inhabitants (about 17 million) to estimate the differences in healthcare expenditure for individuals whose marital status changed (n = 469,901) compared to individuals who remained married, using propensity score matching and generalized linear models. We found that individuals who were (long-term) divorced or widowed had 12-27% higher healthcare expenditures (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.11-1.14; RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.26-1.29) than individuals who remained married. Foremost, this could be attributed to higher spending on mental healthcare and home care. Higher healthcare expenditures are observed for both divorced and widowed individuals, both recently and long-term divorced/widowed individuals, and across all age groups, income levels and educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Meulman
- Center for Health and Society, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
- Department Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Bette Loef
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Stadhouders
- Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tron Anders Moger
- Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Albert Wong
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Modeling, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johan J Polder
- Center for Health and Society, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Uiters
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Halpern-Meekin S, Turney K. Romantic Unions and Mental Health: The Role of Relationship Churning. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 64:243-260. [PMID: 36259176 DOI: 10.1177/00221465221126091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The stress process perspective suggests that romantic relationship transitions can be stressors that impair mental health. Research on romantic relationships and mental health has ignored one common stressor, on-again/off-again relationships, or churning. Using five waves of data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,176), we examine associations between relationship churning and mothers' mental health. We find that mothers experiencing relationship churning have worse mental health than mothers in stably together relationships, net of characteristics associated with selection into relationship instability; these associations persist over four years. Mothers experiencing relationship churning have similar mental health as their counterparts who experience union dissolution (with or without repartnering). Current relationship status and quality explain some of the differences between churning and stably together mothers. Findings emphasize attending to multiple types of family stressors-even stressors and instability in ongoing relationships-and the micro-level ecological factors that shape mental health.
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Syvertsen A, Leino T, Pallesen S, Smith ORF, Sivertsen B, Griffiths MD, Mentzoni RA. Marital status and gambling disorder: a longitudinal study based on national registry data. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:199. [PMID: 36978051 PMCID: PMC10045908 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marital status is a robust correlate of disordered gambling, but few studies have examined the direction of this association. METHODS The present study used a case-control design by including all adults receiving their first gambling disorder (GD) diagnosis between January 2008 to December 2018 (Norwegian Patient Registry, n = 5,121) and compared them against age and gender matched individuals with other somatic/psychiatric illnesses (Norwegian Patient Registry, n = 27,826) and a random sample from the general population (FD-Trygd database, n = 26,695). The study examined marital status before GD, getting divorced as a risk factor for future GD, and becoming married as a protective factor of future GD. RESULTS The findings indicated an 8-9 percentage points higher prevalence of unmarried people and about a 5 percentage points higher prevalence of separation/divorce among those that subsequently experienced GD compared to controls. Logistic regressions showed that transition through divorce was associated with higher odds of future GD compared to illness controls (odds ratio [OR] = 2.45, 95% CI [2.06, 2.92]) and the general population (OR = 2.41 [2.02, 2.87]). Logistic regressions also showed that transition through marriage was associated with lower odds of future GD compared to illness controls (OR = 0.62, CI [0.55, 0.70]) and the general population (OR = 0.57, CI [0.50, 0.64]). CONCLUSIONS Social bonds have previously been shown to impact physical and mental health, and the findings of the study emphasize the importance of considering social network history and previous relationship dissolution among individuals with GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Syvertsen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7807, Bergen, 5020, Norway.
- Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Tony Leino
- Deparment of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7807, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Otto R F Smith
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7807, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Deparment of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Deparment of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research & Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rune Aune Mentzoni
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7807, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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6
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Einiö E, Metsä‐Simola N, Aaltonen M, Hiltunen E, Martikainen P. Partner violence surrounding divorce: A record-linkage study of wives and their husbands. JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY 2023; 85:33-54. [PMID: 37063457 PMCID: PMC10087196 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study analyzes the victimization trajectories of partner violence against women surrounding divorce, depending on whether the couple has children together. Background Prior studies have found that partner violence is associated with an increased risk of divorce. No study has assessed the victimization trajectories surrounding divorce for women with and without children, although women with children may remain at higher risk of violence following divorce. Method Using Finnish record-linkage data of 22,468 divorced and 333,542 continuously married women and their husbands, we used repeated-measures logistic regression analyses to assess changes in victimization for partner violence before and after divorce. The outcomes considered were police-reported crimes committed by husbands against their wives and hospital-treated assault injuries recorded for wives. Results The risk of crime victimization for partner assault was already elevated from 2 to 3 years before divorce, peaked in the year prior to divorce, and then mainly leveled off 1-2 years after divorce. Hospital data show that the time of the greatest risk was from 6 to 12 months before divorce, when divorce is usually filed for. Women with younger children experienced elevated risks of physical violence shortly before divorce and remained at higher risk of menace than women without children for a year after divorce. Conclusion Divorcing women committed assaults against their husbands, but these were mostly accompanied by victimization, suggesting that resistant violence was common for women as perpetrators. Women with a history of victimization need support, especially at the starts of their divorce processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Einiö
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Niina Metsä‐Simola
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Mikko Aaltonen
- Law School, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business StudiesUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Elina Hiltunen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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Fang PJ, Kuo PH, Chen WL, Kao TW, Wu LW, Yang HF, Peng TC. Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics among Young Asian Adults over 5 Years of Follow-Up. Nutrients 2023; 15:645. [PMID: 36771352 PMCID: PMC9920953 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics play an important role in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a lack of cohort studies on CVH metrics among young Asian adults. The aims of this study were to describe early changes in CVH among young Asian adults and to investigate the association between CVH metrics and sociodemographic variables. METHODS A total of 10,000 young adults (aged 21-30 years) were recruited between 2000 and 2016. There were two CVH measurements taken from these participants over the study period. One measurement was taken at the beginning, and the other was taken five years later. Subgroup analysis of the changes in CVH metrics was divided by education level and marital status. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 26.8 years. The initial prevalence of ideal CVH metrics was 52.3% and 86.8% and decreased to 43.8% and 81.2% after five years for males and females, respectively. In the subgroup analysis, males with less than a university education had a smaller ideal CVH metric decrease (6.2%) than males with more than a university education (8.9%), while females with more than a university education had a smaller ideal CVH metric decrease (5.4%) than females with less than a university education (7.3%). Married males had a smaller ideal CVH metric decrease (6.1%) than single males (9.1%), while single females had a smaller ideal CVH metric decrease (5.3%) than married females (6.2%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of ideal CVH metrics among young adults gradually decreased as age increased. Higher educational attainment and unmarried status were associated with a greater prevalence of ideal CVH metrics regardless of sex, but early CVH changes differed by sex, education level, and marital status. The prevalence of CVH changes found early among young adults can be used to monitor CVH changes quickly. Effective health promotion programs are needed to maintain CVH metrics among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Jun Fang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Wu
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Tao-Chun Peng
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Pathways into single motherhood, re-partnering, and trajectories of antidepressant medication purchases. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:409-420. [PMID: 36227331 PMCID: PMC9971110 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Single motherhood is known to be distressing, and to be associated with poor mental health. However, less is known about the pathways into and out of single motherhood, or about the mental health trajectories of single mothers. We used total population registry data on Finnish women who experienced the life events of separation (616,762), widowhood (43,355), or child birth (515,756) during the 1995-2018 period while between the ages of 15-64. Single mothers were compared with women who experienced the same life event, but without becoming a single mother. The results for women who separated showed that among single mothers, there was a substantial increase in antidepressant use at the time of separation, and only a moderate decline after separation. Among women who experienced widowhood, those who had underage children initially had lower antidepressant use than women without children, but this gap narrowed in the post-widowhood period. In addition, single women experienced more unfavorable mental health trajectories than partnered women around the time they gave birth. Re-partnering was associated with more favorable mental health among all groups of single mothers. Given the growing prevalence of single-parent households, our results underscore the need for context-specific interventions to support single mothers' mental health.
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Nerobkova N, Park YS, Shin J, Park EC. Marital transition and cognitive function among older adults: the korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2020). BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:1003. [PMID: 36577941 PMCID: PMC9798712 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03697-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marital status has been suggested as an associated factor for cognitive impairment. The consequences of marital transitions are still understudied. This study evaluated the influence of marital transitions on cognitive function using longitudinal, nationwide data of Korean older adults. METHODS This research comprised a longitudinal sample of older adults aged ≥ 45 years old, drawn from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2020). Marital transition was determined through the biennial assessment of change in marital status; cognitive function was measured using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. We employed general estimating equations to assess the temporal effect of marital transition on cognitive function. RESULTS Compared to married individuals, the odds ratios (ORs) of cognitive decline were higher in not married and transitioned out of marriage participants: men (OR 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.82; OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.90-2.24), women (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.03-1.42; OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.52), respectively, despite the findings being not statistically significant in men. The participants who transitioned out of marriage over time also showed greater ORs for mild cognitive impairment: men (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.79-1.87), women (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.80), and dementia: men (OR 1.60, 95% CI 0.85-1.99), women: (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.20-2.19). CONCLUSION Marital transition is found to be associated with cognitive function decline. Not-married individuals and those who became divorced or widowed were associated with the risk of cognitive function decline. Particular attention should be paid to these marital transitioned groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Nerobkova
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Shin Park
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-to, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Policy Analysis and Management, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-to, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Jennings EA, Chinogurei C, Adams L. Marital experiences and depressive symptoms among older adults in rural South Africa. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 2:100083. [PMID: 36277994 PMCID: PMC9581082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper advances the understanding of how marital transitions may influence mental health by investigating these associations among a population of rural, Black South Africans aged 40+ that was directly impacted by apartheid. Using two waves of data from 4,176 men and women in Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), we investigated associations between marital experiences and depressive symptoms, by gender, and explored whether economic resources is a moderator of these associations. We found that experiencing a marital dissolution was associated with more depressive symptoms than remaining married for both men and women. We also found that men, but not women, report greater depressive symptoms if they remained separated/divorced, remained widowed, or remained never married between waves. We found no evidence that a decline in wealth moderated the impact of marital dissolution on depressive symptoms for women or men. These findings suggest that the documented benefits of marriage for mental health, and differences by gender in those benefits, may extend to older, rural South Africans, despite the unique experiences of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse A. Jennings
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - Chido Chinogurei
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leslie Adams
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ferraro AJ, Lucier-Greer M. The Case for Multidimensional Co-Parenting Behaviors as Sources of Chronic Stress: Understanding Pathways to Mental Health Symptomology Among Divorced and Separating Adults. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2022; 28:353-367. [PMID: 36173128 DOI: 10.1177/10748407221124235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The co-parenting relationship matters for postdivorce parental adjustment. This study explores the relative impact of different forms of co-parenting behaviors, coupled with an individual's psychological resources, in explaining parent mental health in recently divorced or separated parents (n = 355). A latent variable structural equation model was fit to examine pathways between dimensions of co-parenting (support, overt conflict, self-controlled covert conflict, and externally controlled covert conflict), various psychological resources (satisfaction with the divorce decree, perceived competence of the co-parent, and self-efficacy), and adverse mental health symptomology. Significant direct pathways were identified between overt co-parenting conflict and adverse mental health. Indicators of co-parenting quality were tied differentially to various resources. Indirect effects were found for both self-controlled covert conflict and overt conflict on adverse mental health symptomology through self-efficacy. Leverage points and considerations for health professionals and practitioners working with divorcing parents are discussed.
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Li J, Hui X, Lu Z, Ren X, Yan W, Yan P, Yao L, Yang K. PROTOCOL: The association between marital transitions and physical and mental health in late life: A systematic review. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1252. [PMID: 36911347 PMCID: PMC9175064 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: What is the association between marital transitions and physical health among people older than 60? What is the association between marital transitions and mental health among people older than 60? What is the role of gender, age, and education on the association between marital transitions and health among people older than 60? What is the influence of geographical region, housing, neighborhood, and social support on the association between marital transitions and health status among people older than 60?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐based Social Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Assessment CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xu Hui
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐based Social Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Assessment CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Zhenxing Lu
- Institute of Medical ResearchNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaocao Ren
- Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Wenlong Yan
- Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Peijing Yan
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐based Social Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Assessment CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada
| | - Kehu Yang
- School of Public Health, Evidence‐based Social Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Assessment CenterLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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13
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Cao Y, Siu JYM, Shek DTL, Shum DHK. COVID-19 one year on: identification of at-risk groups for psychological trauma and poor health-protective behaviour using a telephone survey. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:252. [PMID: 35397502 PMCID: PMC8993674 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the profiles and correlates of psychological trauma, compliance with preventative measures, vaccine acceptance and participation in voluntary testing during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among the adult population in Hong Kong (n = 3,011). METHODS Data were collected through a telephone survey between December 2020 and February 2021, using measures of psychological trauma, compliance with preventative measures, reading news reports on COVID-19, vaccine acceptance and willingness to participate in voluntary testing. RESULTS The prevalence of possible post-traumatic stress disorder was found to be 12.4%. Respondents were generally compliant with routine preventative measures, and approximately half had accepted vaccination and voluntary testing. Participants who had lower levels of education, were unemployed or had no income showed greater psychological trauma symptoms, whereas female, older and more educated participants showed greater compliance with preventative measures. Participants who spent more time watching news reports of COVID-19 had greater psychological trauma, but also greater compliance. Participants who were male, older, had lower education levels or were married showed greater acceptance of vaccination and participation in voluntary testing. CONCLUSIONS Socio-demographic factors affected both psychological trauma and engagement in health-protective measures at one year after the onset of the pandemic. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Judy Yuen-man Siu
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel T. L. Shek
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David H. K. Shum
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Tian W, Han X, Yan G, Ma Y, Huo S, Shi Y, Dai S, Ni X, Li Z, Fan L, Zhang Q. Assessing the depression risk in the U.S. adults using nomogram. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:416. [PMID: 35232400 PMCID: PMC8889727 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has received a lot of attention as a common and serious illness. However, people are rarely aware of their current depression risk probabilities. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model applicable to the risk of depression in US adults. METHODS This study was conducted using the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2017-2012). In particular, NHANES (2007-2010) was used as the training cohort (n = 6015) for prediction model construction and NHANES (2011-2012) was used as the validation cohort (n = 2812) to test the model. Depression was assessed (defined as a binary variable) by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Socio-demographic characteristics, sleep time, illicit drug use and anxious days were assessed using a self-report questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate independent risk factors for depression. The nomogram has the advantage of being able to visualize complex statistical prediction models as risk estimates of individualized disease probabilities. Then, we developed two depression risk nomograms based on the results of logistic regression. Finally, several validation methods were used to evaluate the prediction performance of nomograms. RESULTS The predictors of model 1 included gender, age, income, education, marital status, sleep time and illicit drug use, and model 2, furthermore, included anxious days. Both model 1 and model 2 showed good discrimination ability, with a bootstrap-corrected C index of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.69-0.73) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.83-0.86), and an externally validated C index of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.68-0.74) and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.81-0.86), respectively, and had well-fitted calibration curves. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of the models with 1000 different weighted random sampling and depression scores of 10-17 threshold range were higher than 0.7 and 0.8, respectively. Calculated net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) showed the discrimination or accuracy of the prediction models. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the depression models were practically useful. The network calculators work for participants to make personalized predictions. CONCLUSIONS This study presents two prediction models of depression, which can effectively and accurately predict the probability of depression as well as helping the U.S. civilian non-institutionalized population to make optimal treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Zhang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xinhao Han
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guangcan Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuanshuo Ma
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shan Huo
- Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co, No. 36 Baihua West Road, Chengdu, 610071, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- People's medical publishing house, No. 19 Panjiayuan South Road, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Lihua Fan
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Qiuju Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
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15
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Monk JK, Kanter JB, Ogan MA. Prior On-Off Relationship Instability and Distress in the Separation and Divorce Transition. FAMILY PROCESS 2022; 61:246-258. [PMID: 33893641 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Divorce is considered distressing for many individuals (Sbarra et al., Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2015, 24, 109); however, individuals in poor-quality relationships may experience certain benefits of leaving an unstable union (Amato & Hohmann-Marriott, Journal of Marriage and Family, 2007, 69, 621). On-off relationship cycling, or the breakup and reconciliation of a relationship, is a salient indicator of poor relationship quality and a common form of relationship instability (Dailey et al., Personal Relationships, 2009, 16, 23) that is associated with distress (Monk et al., Family Relations, 2018, 67, 523). In line with divorce-stress-adjustment and relational turbulence theory perspectives, we hypothesized that those whose relationships were characterized by on-off instability would experience less distress during the separation and divorce process. Given gender inequality in marriage (e.g., Dempsey, Journal of Sociology, 2002, 38, 91; Monin & Clark, Sex Roles, 2011, 65, 320), we also hypothesized that this association would be more pronounced for women. Using data from 98 divorced or separating couples, we found that relationship cycling prior to the separation and divorce process was associated with fewer distress symptoms for women. Conversely, a history of relationship cycling was associated with more distress symptoms for men. Our study provides support and extends prior investigations illustrating that, for some, those in unions characterized by more turmoil, may experience relief following a termination.
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16
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Zhang Y, Axinn WG. Cohabitation dissolution and psychological distress among young adults: The role of parenthood and gender. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2022; 102:102626. [PMID: 35094758 PMCID: PMC10838570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cohabitation has become a normative experience for American young adults and a common setting for childbearing in recent decades. However, the high dissolution rate of cohabitation exposes young adults to the potential stress of intimate relationship dissolution and single parenthood during early adulthood. Drawing on data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we apply growth curve models to analyze how cohabitation dissolution associates with trajectories of depressive symptoms and binge drinking behaviors for young adults (aged 17 to 35). We investigate how the presence of children moderates this association for men and women. We find that cohabitation dissolution is associated with increased depressive symptoms for both men and women. However, cohabitation dissolution is only positively associated with binge drinking behaviors for men, and a significant gender difference is observed. The presence of children when cohabitation dissolves strengthens the positive association between cohabitation dissolution and depressive symptoms among women, and this positive moderation fades away as young women age. These findings suggest that gender differences in the association of cohabitation dissolution with psychological distress are contingent on the types of psychological distress under consideration and also reveal that cohabitation dissolution intertwined with non-marital parenthood is harmful to mental health, especially for young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Center for Population and Development Studies, Renmin University of China, China.
| | - William G Axinn
- Department of Sociology and Public Policy, Population Studies Center, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, USA.
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17
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Comacchio C, Antolini G, Ruggeri M, Colizzi M. Gender-Oriented Mental Health Prevention: A Reappraisal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1493. [PMID: 35162515 PMCID: PMC8835536 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the impact of gender on mental health, but only a few have addressed gender differences in mental health risk and prevention. We conducted a narrative review to assess the current state of knowledge on gender-specific mental health preventive interventions, along with an analysis of gender-based risk factors and available screening strategies. Out of 1598 articles screened using a comprehensive electronic search of the PubMed, Web-of-Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, 53 were included for review. Among risk factors for mental health problems, there are individual, familiar, social, and healthcare factors. Individual factors include childhood adversities, which show gender differences in distribution rates. However, current childhood abuse prevention programs are not gender-specific. Familiar factors for mental health problems include maternity issues and intimate partner violence, and for both, some gender-specific preventive interventions are available. Social risk factors for mental health problems are related to education, employment, discrimination, and relationships. They all display gender differences, but these differences are rarely taken into account in mental health prevention programs. Lastly, despite gender differences in mental health service use being widely known, mental health services appear to be slow in developing strategies that guarantee equal access to care for all individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Antolini
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Mirella Ruggeri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Marco Colizzi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
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18
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Øverup CS, Cipric A, Strizzi JM, Sander S, Hald GM. Temporal Associations between Depression and Hostility in the Context of a Divorce Intervention. Psychol Rep 2022; 126:1339-1361. [PMID: 35084249 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211070212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Divorce interventions have been found effective in reducing negative outcomes for newly divorced people, including depression and hostility. Typically, divorce interventions cover a variety of issues that may influence people's level of depression and hostility. However, it is unclear whether the interventions differentially affect the outcomes. That is, it may be that intervention participation leads to a reduction in depression, which is associated with a prospective reduction in hostility - or vice versa. The current study used a sample of 1,856 recently divorced Danes, who completed questionnaires at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-divorce. Structural equation modeling revealed that while depression and hostility were concurrently associated, there were no prospective associations, except for baseline depression predicting 3-month hostility. Moreover, the associations did not differ by gender. The results suggest that the intervention content may have influenced both depression and hostility. These findings may be useful in guiding future divorce intervention developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cipric
- Department of Public Health4321Kobenhavns Universitet
| | | | - Søren Sander
- Department of Public Health4321Kobenhavns Universitet
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Chen S, van Ours JC. Mental health effects of same-sex marriage legalization. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2022; 31:42-56. [PMID: 34628683 PMCID: PMC9293432 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Same-sex marriage legalization (SSML) is a typical anti-discrimination policy to remove institutional discrimination against sexual minorities by providing them with marriage equality. We examine how this legalization in the Netherlands affected mental health. Conducting a difference-in-differences analysis with heterosexual individuals as a reference group, we find that SSML significantly improved mental health of sexual minorities and substantially reduced the sexual orientation gap of mental health. The beneficial effects were present for both married and non-married sexual minorities. This phenomenon suggests that part of the health gains were related to mechanisms beyond marriage itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio‐Economic Research (LISER)Esch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Jan C. van Ours
- Department of Applied EconomicsErasmus School of EconomicsRotterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of EconomicsUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Tinbergen Institute RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
- CEPRLondonUK
- IZABonnGermany
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20
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Zaheed AB, Sharifian N, Morris EP, Kraal AZ, Zahodne LB. Associations between life course marital biography and late-life memory decline. Psychol Aging 2021; 36:557-571. [PMID: 34166026 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Late-life marital status is associated with cognitive aging; however, the influence of life course marital biography (i.e., changes in marital status) on late-life cognitive trajectories, as well as gender differences in the effects of marital biography, remain to be explored. Associations between (a) marital status at study baseline (currently married, previously married, never married) and (b) retrospectively reported life course marital biography (i.e., age at first marriage, time spent unmarried following initial marriage, history of divorce, history of widowhood) and up to 20 years of subsequent episodic memory trajectories were examined using latent growth curve models in 3,061 participants aged 51 + in the Health and Retirement Study 2017 Life History Mail Survey. Gender differences were examined with multiplicative interaction terms and stratified models. Participants who were married at study baseline demonstrated higher initial memory than previously and never married individuals. Older age at first marriage and shorter duration spent unmarried were each associated with better initial episodic memory among previously married individuals only; longer duration spent unmarried was associated with slower memory decline. Stratified models suggested that these associations may be driven by women. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple aspects of marital biography, not just current marital status, in cognitive aging research. Marital biography may have an enduring influence on cognitive aging, particularly among previously married older women. Future work is needed to identify mechanisms (e.g., socioeconomic resources, cognitive stimulation, self and spousal health, emotional support) through which marital histories influence cognitive aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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21
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Javadivala Z, Allahverdipour H, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Azimi S, Gilani N, Chattu VK. Improved couple satisfaction and communication with marriage and relationship programs: are there gender differences?-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2021; 10:178. [PMID: 34148550 PMCID: PMC8215832 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aspects of marriage and relationship and their effect on couples' satisfaction are essential and critical aspects to be explored in this globalized and contemporary world. Since there are no reported meta-analysis and systematic reviews conducted in the last two decades in this area, we aimed to investigate the effect of marriage and relationship programs (MRP) on couples' relationship satisfaction (CRS) and couples' relationship communication (CRC) and also to determine the gender differences if any. METHOD In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published between 2000 and July 26, 2019, were retrieved from several online electronic databases such as Medline, Embase, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The reported summary statistics were calculated as random effects models based on the heterogeneity between the studies model. Funnel plots and the Egger regression test was used to confirm the presence of any publication bias. RESULTS Of the total 12 intervention studies included, five (5) are education/communication skills programs, three (3) enrichment programs, and four (4) therapy programs. The impact of these programs was investigated on CRS and CRC. Therapy programs had a larger effect than other programs (pooled MD: 0.53 (95% CI = 0.35 to 0.71, I2 = 71.5% p = 0.0001) and had a larger effect size on wives (pooled MD: 0.53 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.80, I2 = 74.1% p = 0.0001) than husbands RS (pooled MD: 0.26 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.76, I2 = 72.4% p = 0.0001). In RC (relationship communication) area, the Enhancement programs showed the small to large effect on CRC (pooled MD: 1.31 (95% CI = 0.13 to 2.50, I2 = 94.7% p = 0.0001)) and educational programs showed small to medium effect (pooled MD: 0.32 (95% CI = 0.13 to 0.50, I2 = 74.5% p = 0.0001) on women and no effect on men. CONCLUSION Due to the high effect of the therapy programs on CRS and enhancement program on CRC in the current meta-analysis, the priority of their utilizations in interventions, especially by psychologists and mental health professionals, should be emphasized. Therefore, mental health planning in communities to develop MRP and care for couples' health should be given special attention to men's health. Due to the high heterogeneity of the results and with scanty literature in this specific domain, we are uncertain about their actual effect. However, well-designed RCTs with a larger sample size would be beneficial in closely examining the effect of MRPs on CRS and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Javadivala
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 14711, Iran.
| | - Hamid Allahverdipour
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 14711, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Center for the Development of Interdisciplinary Research in Islamic Sciences and Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaye Azimi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 14711, Iran
| | - Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vijay Kumar Chattu
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Van Winkle Z, Leopold T. Family size and economic wellbeing following divorce: The United States in comparative perspective. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2021; 96:102541. [PMID: 33867016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies have documented the negative association between divorce and women's economic wellbeing in several countries. Less is known about whether the effects of divorce on women's economic wellbeing, and their persistency, vary by family size. We present the first comprehensive assessment of how the short-term and medium-term economic consequences of divorce vary by family size. Using data from the US (PSID) and between-within random-effects models, we estimate changes in women's gross household income up to six years following divorce, stratified by the number of children in the household in the year of divorce. We add a comparative perspective using a harmonized set of socio-economic panel surveys from Australia (HILDA), Germany (GSOEP), and the UK (BHPS). Our findings demonstrate that the household incomes of women with three or more children decrease most drastically in the US, Germany, and the UK. In these countries, divorce widens the economic gap between child-rich households and those with no or few children. While childless women's incomes do not recover in the medium-term, incomes of mothers in Germany, the UK, and to a lesser extent the US partially recuperate. We demonstrate that differences in labor market attachment, and not remarriage, partially account for the family size differences we observe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Van Winkle
- Sciences Po, Observatoire Sociologique du Changement (OSC), CNRS, Paris, France; Nuffield College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
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23
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Zhang Y, Axinn WG. Marital Experiences and Depression in an Arranged Marriage Setting. AJS; AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY 2021; 126:1439-1486. [PMID: 34720111 PMCID: PMC8550576 DOI: 10.1086/714272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the consequences of marital experiences for individual mental health provides insight into how social relationships shape individual wellbeing. Using newly available, clinically validated diagnostic interviews with more than 10,000 respondents integrated with the longitudinal Chitwan Valley Family Study (CVFS), we assess the associations between marital experiences, intimate partner violence (IPV), and mental health and how they differ by gender in a setting of universal marriage-Nepal. Particularly novel, we integrate measures of arranged marriage, IPV, and marital quality into a single comprehensive analysis of the marital experiences shaping subsequent depression. This study reveals that becoming married can be positively associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) for women. IPV is a strong and independent risk factor for depression, but it only mediates a small portion of the consequences of marriage on depression. Among women, having no say at all in the selection of a spouse is also a strong and independent risk factor for depression, and IPV can only mediate a small portion of the consequences of arranged marriage on depression. We also investigate the associations between the positive (i.e., husband-wife emotional bond) and negative (i.e., spousal criticism and disagreement) dimensions of marital quality and depression. Frequent spousal disagreement significantly increases depression for women, but strong husband-wife emotional bond is not significantly associated with depression. Overall, the associations between marital experiences and mental health should be understood as contingent on both gender and the social contexts of marriage. Depending on these factors, specific marital experiences have the potential to increase transitions to depression, not just protect from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Sociology, and Population Studies Center, University of Michigan
| | - William G. Axinn
- Department of Sociology and Public Policy, Population Studies Center, and Survey Research Center, University of Michigan
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24
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White R, Haddock G, Campodonico C, Haarmans M, Varese F. The influence of romantic relationships on mental wellbeing for people who experience psychosis: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 86:102022. [PMID: 33819779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whilst it is generally accepted that supportive relationships facilitate recovery from psychosis, much less is known about the role of romantic relationships in people with psychosis. This review aimed to synthesise quantitative literature regarding the impact of romantic relationships on the mental health and general wellbeing of people who experience psychosis. METHOD A systematic review of electronic databases (PsychINFO, PubMed, Web of Science) was carried out using search terms relating to psychosis and romantic relationships. Papers were selected for inclusion by independent reviewers. Quality assessment was completed and a narrative synthesis produced. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies reporting the association between romantic relationships and psychotic symptoms, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality, quality of life, satisfaction with life and self-esteem were included. Results were mixed but indicated having a romantic partner may be associated with reduced positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, but increased depressive symptoms. Tentative explanations for these findings, such as functioning prior to onset of psychosis, social support and relationship quality are explored. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the importance of this often-overlooked area in clinical practice. Studies with robust design, which specifically aim to understand the relationship between romantic relationships and wellbeing for people who experience psychosis are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca White
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Gillian Haddock
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carolina Campodonico
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Maria Haarmans
- Cathie Marsh Institute, Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity (CoDE), Department of Sociology, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Filippo Varese
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Myroniuk TW, Kohler HP, Kohler IV. Marital dissolutions and changes in mental health: Evidence from rural Malawi. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2021; 44:993-1022. [PMID: 36819791 PMCID: PMC9937544 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2021.44.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancing efforts to unpack the complex relationship between marital dissolutions and health outcomes increasingly requires assessing the marital histories and health of individuals who have lived long enough to experience divorce or widowhood ‒ or even multiples of each ‒ and measurable changes in health. OBJECTIVE To explore this line of inquiry, we chose a sample from rural Malawi where a high prevalence of marital dissolutions and remarrying exists, as an ideal theoretical foil to the predominant literature found in high-income countries (HICs). We examine if changes in having experienced a marital dissolution, one's total number of dissolutions, and the percentage of one's life spent outside of marriage since first becoming married are associated with changes in mental health. METHODS Our analyses focus on 1,266 respondents aged 45 years and older who participated in the 2012 Mature Adults Cohort of the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH-MAC), linked back to cohort information from 2008 and 2010 available through the MLSFH. Fixed-effects regressions guide our inferences over the 2008, 2010, and 2012 waves of data. RESULTS For men, spending more life outside of marriage is associated with worse mental health, while more marital dissolutions are surprisingly associated with better mental health for women. CONCLUSIONS These results could suggest that larger portions of one's life spent unmarried are associated with a type of role strain for men or simply that men are burdened with taking up tasks that their spouses had previously done in order to survive. For women, many may have gotten out of 'bad' marriages that otherwise would have been detrimental to their mental health and/or those in good mental health are the ones able to remarry. CONTRIBUTIONS Our research from rural Malawi provides a type of litmus test for many HICs where marriage, remarriage, and dissolution rates are lower but quite consequential for mental health outcomes. Measuring time outside of marriage should be more strongly considered in such settings. These results also inform increasingly important research on the relationship between marital dissolutions and mental health in other African nations as noncommunicable diseases play a continually more important role in people's lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W Myroniuk
- University of Missouri, Department of Public Health, 825 Lewis Hall, 65211 Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kohler
- Population Aging Research Center (PARC) and Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania., USA
| | - Iliana V Kohler
- Population Studies Center (PSC) and Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, USA
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Clark S, Cotton C, Margolis R, Kohler HP. The Psychological Benefits of Marriage and Children in Rural Malawi. Stud Fam Plann 2020; 51:251-272. [PMID: 32720321 PMCID: PMC7778373 DOI: 10.1111/sifp.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite an extensive literature on the psychological rewards of marriage and children in high-income countries, research on these relationships in low-income countries remains limited. This paper draws on data from 4,133 adult women and men interviewed in the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health to examine how marital status, categorized as never, formerly, monogamously, and polygynously married, and number of children are associated with psychological well-being. With respect to marital status, we find that women in polygynous unions fare worse than monogamously married women and this detrimental effect is stronger for women than for men. Formerly married men and women of reproductive age experience the worst psychological outcomes, although this association wanes with age. In contrast, the benefits of having children is only evident among older Malawian women. These findings offer novel insights into the patterns of nearly universal marriage and high fertility that characterize Malawi and much of sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Clark
- Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2T7, Canada
| | - Cassandra Cotton
- School of Social & Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Rachel Margolis
- Department of Sociology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - Hans-Peter Kohler
- Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Roze M, Melchior M, Vuillermoz C, Rezzoug D, Baubet T, Vandentorren S. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Homeless Migrant Mothers of the Paris Region Shelters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134908. [PMID: 32646029 PMCID: PMC7370032 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Migrant women are disproportionately more likely to experience traumatic events in their country of origin, during migration and after arriving in the host country. Homeless women are more likely to be exposed to multiple victimizations in childhood (emotional or physical maltreatment) and in adulthood (sexual abuse, street victimization). This study’s objective was to describe the factors associated with the likelihood of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among homeless migrant mothers in the Paris region. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by bilingual psychologists and interviewers in a representative sample of homeless families in the Paris region. PTSD was ascertained using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) (n = 691 mothers). We studied PTSD in mothers using weighted Poisson regression. Homeless migrant mothers had high levels of PTSD (18.9%) in the 12 months preceding the study. In multivariate analysis, PTSD was associated with departure from the country of origin because of violence (PR = 1.45 95% CI 1.03; 2.04), depression in the preceding 12 months (PR = 1.82 95% CI 1.20; 2.76), and residential instability (PR = 1.93 95% CI 1.27; 2.93). Homeless migrant mothers have high levels of traumatic events and PTSD. Improvements in screening for depression and PTSD and access to appropriate medical care are essential for this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Roze
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Department of Social Epidemiology, F75012 Paris, France; (M.R.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Maria Melchior
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Department of Social Epidemiology, F75012 Paris, France; (M.R.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Cécile Vuillermoz
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Department of Social Epidemiology, F75012 Paris, France; (M.R.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Dalila Rezzoug
- CESP Inserm 1178, Université Paris 13, APHP Hôpital Avicenne, 93000 Bobigny, France; (D.R.); (T.B.)
- Centre National de Ressources et Résilience, 59800 Lille, France
| | - Thierry Baubet
- CESP Inserm 1178, Université Paris 13, APHP Hôpital Avicenne, 93000 Bobigny, France; (D.R.); (T.B.)
- Centre National de Ressources et Résilience, 59800 Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Department of Social Epidemiology, F75012 Paris, France; (M.R.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
- Santé Publique France, French National Public Health Agency, F-94415 Saint-Maurice, France
- Correspondence:
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Gray divorce and mental health in the United Kingdom. Soc Sci Med 2020; 256:113030. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Hald GM, Ciprić A, Sander S, Strizzi JM. Anxiety, depression and associated factors among recently divorced individuals. J Ment Health 2020; 31:462-470. [PMID: 32338552 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2020.1755022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: In divorce research, studies using large samples, very recently divorced individuals and validated measures of depression and anxiety with available background populations for comparison are missing.Aims: This study aimed to investigate symptoms of depression and anxiety among recently divorced Danes and assess the explanatory power of relevant sociodemographic- and divorce-related variables on these symptoms.Methods: The study utilized an online cross-sectional design and a total of 1856 Danish citizens recruited through the Danish State Administration. Average scores for depression and anxiety were compared to the Danish background population and regression analyses were conducted to assess the explanatory power of sociodemographic- and divorce characteristics on symptoms of depression and anxiety.Results: Divorcees reported significantly higher levels of both depressive and anxiety symptoms than the background population with a large proportion of the sample scoring equal to or higher than generally recommended cut-off values for risk of suffering from a psychiatric diagnosable case of depression or anxiety. Both sociodemographic- and divorce characteristics were predictive of symptoms of depression and anxiety.Conclusion: The findings underline the relevance of public health intervention targeting symptoms of depression and anxiety among recently divorced individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Martin Hald
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Ciprić
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Sander
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenna Marie Strizzi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Axinn WG, Zhang Y, Ghimire DJ, Chardoul SA, Scott KM, Bruffaerts R. The association between marital transitions and the onset of major depressive disorder in a south asian general population. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:165-172. [PMID: 32056872 PMCID: PMC7103558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marriage in general is associated with better mental health in high-income industrialized countries, but it is unknown to what extent this is also the case in South Asia. METHODS The Chitwan Valley Family Study (CVFS) in Nepal is a 24-year family panel study with a recent representative survey to investigate the association between sociodemographic changes and mental health (N = 10,516). We investigated timing of marital transitions and timing of onset of MDD in both male and female respondents, controlling for key confounders. RESULTS In this setting the transition to marriage is associated with increased odds of subsequent MDD first onset (median OR=2.28). For female respondents, divorce (OR=2.68), early widowed (OR=11.25), and even getting married significantly increased the odds of subsequent MDD onset (OR=3.03). For male respondents, only becoming widowed increased the odds of subsequent MDD (OR=16.32), but marriage did not reduce the odds of MDD. LIMITATIONS Limitations of the study include large-scale protocol that may have resulted in underreporting of MDD and the exclusion of sub-threshold cases that may otherwise have qualified as a case in a clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS In the Nepalese general population, marital transitions increase the odds of subsequent depression, especially among the female population. Results provide basic but essential vital health data that can guide clinicians to proactively plan sustainable healthcare both within South Asia and among many South Asians living in other places.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G. Axinn
- Corresponding author: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48104-2321, U.S.A., Office: 734-763-8649;
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Sociology, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Kate M. Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Ronny Bruffaerts
- Center for Public Health Psychiatry, Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum KU Leuven, Belgium
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Allen JP, Narr RK, Kansky J, Szwedo DE. Adolescent Peer Relationship Qualities as Predictors of Long-Term Romantic Life Satisfaction. Child Dev 2020; 91:327-340. [PMID: 30675714 PMCID: PMC6656620 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent-era predictors of adult romantic life satisfaction were examined in a multimethod, prospective, longitudinal study of 165 adolescents followed from ages 13 to 30. Progress in key developmental tasks, including establishing positive expectations and capacity for assertiveness with peers at age 13, social competence at ages 15 and 16, and ability to form and maintain strong close friendships at ages 16-18, predicted romantic life satisfaction at ages 27-30. In contrast, several qualities linked to romantic experience during adolescence (i.e., sexual and dating experience, physical attractiveness) were unrelated to future satisfaction. Results suggest a central role of competence in nonromantic friendships as preparation for successful management of the future demands of adult romantic life.
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The footprint of humans with serious psychological distress: a cross-sectional study of 1.5 million adults in the United States. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2020. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2020.97322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
We analyze Dutch panel data to investigate whether partnership has a causal effect on subjective well-being. As in previous studies, we find that, on average, being in a partnership improves well-being. Well-being gains of marriage are larger than those of cohabitation. The well-being effects of partnership formation and disruption are symmetric. We also find that marriage improves well-being for both younger and older cohorts, whereas cohabitation benefits only the younger cohort. Our main contribution to the literature is on well-being effects of same-sex partnerships. We find that these effects are homogeneous to sexual orientation. Gender differences exist in the well-being effects of same-sex partnerships: females are happier cohabiting, whereas marriage has a stronger well-being effect on males.
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Lin IF, Brown SL, Wright MR, Hammersmith AM. Depressive Symptoms Following Later-life Marital Dissolution and Subsequent Repartnering. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 60:153-168. [PMID: 30957562 PMCID: PMC6565490 DOI: 10.1177/0022146519839683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The doubling of the divorce rate among individuals over age 50 during the past 20 years underscores the urgency of studying the consequences of gray divorce and subsequent repartnering for adult well-being. We filled this gap by using the 1998-to-2014 Health and Retirement Study to evaluate how the levels of depressive symptoms changed following gray divorce versus widowhood. Individuals who divorced or became widowed already had experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms before dissolution relative to those who remained married. Compared with those who became widowed, those who transitioned to divorce experienced a lower elevation and a shorter time to recovery in depressive symptoms. When repartnering, both groups experienced similar magnitudes of initial reduction and subsequent rates of increase. Both the negative consequences of marital dissolution and the beneficial effects of repartnership for mental health persisted for several years, although ultimately they reverted to their predissolution levels of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Fen Lin
- 1 Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
| | - Susan L Brown
- 1 Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
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Christie-Mizell CA, Talbert RD, Hope AR, Frazier CG, Hearne BN. Depression and African Americans in the First Decade of Midlife: The Consequences of Social Roles and Gender. J Natl Med Assoc 2019; 111:285-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rousou E, Kouta C, Middleton N, Karanikola M. Mental health among single mothers in Cyprus: a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2019; 19:67. [PMID: 31096963 PMCID: PMC6524274 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-019-0763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background International literature reveals that single mothers experience increased levels of chronic stress, which is mainly due to economic hardship and reduced levels of social support. Eventually this leads to psychological distress. While most of the studies commonly identify that mental health disorders are common among single mothers compared to their married counterparts, the magnitude of the problem might be even larger since diagnosis-specific tools may mask important levels of distress of milder intensity. This study aims to assess the level of mental distress experienced by single mothers as measured by the GHQ-28, and how it is influenced by socioeconomic factors, as well as the level of perceived social support. Methods Between January and March 2012, Greek speaking single mothers who reside in Cyprus were recruited by either personal conduct through Single Mothers’ Association (SMA), or by using snowball sampling technic. Mental distress was assessed with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and perceived social support with the Social Provision Scale (SPS). All scales were completed anonymously and voluntarily by 316 single mothers. Univariable and multivariable associations with socio-demographic characteristics were investigated using chi-square tests and in multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression models respectively. Odds ratio of psychological distress across decreasing levels of social support were estimated in logistic regression models. . Results As many as 44.6% of the sample appeared to experience psychological distress (GHQ-28 total score ≥ 5). Strong associations with all health assessment tools were observed with variables relating to the lowest monthly family income, the presence of economic difficulties, the higher educational level, the age group 35–44 years and pre-existing illness. Social support as perceived by the mothers displayed a strong negative independent association with psychological distress, even after adjusting confounders. Conclusion This study highlights that single mothers are very likely to experience poor psychological well-being. With a steady rise in the proportion of single-parent families headed by a mother, these findings highlight a significant issue that would adversely affect many women and consequently their children and the community. It also emphasizes the necessity for interventions and strategies at community level in order to support this vulnerable population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rousou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 15, Vragadinou str, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Christiana Kouta
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 15, Vragadinou str, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Nicos Middleton
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 15, Vragadinou str, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Karanikola
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 15, Vragadinou str, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
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Hou L, Leung P, Cheung M, Xu Y. Religion Affiliation and Depression Risk: Factory Workers Working in Hi-Tech Companies in Shanghai, China. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2019; 58:490-505. [PMID: 30879208 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examines factors contributing to depression among migrant factory workers in Shanghai. A survey was designed with mental health questions under a framework explaining: (1) social capital, (2) migratory stress, and (3) mental health consequences. With a return rate of 98.3%, 1966 individuals completed the survey. Only 11.1% of the respondents indicated having a religious affiliation. The findings are not surprising about the relationship between trust, economic condition, and depression. However, it is surprising to find that not having a religious affiliation is significantly connected to better mental health. The effect of religious beliefs should be examined as a trust factor to remove the barrier of perceiving religion as an added stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Hou
- School of Social Work and Public Administration, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Patrick Leung
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4013, USA
| | - Monit Cheung
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4013, USA.
| | - Yongxiang Xu
- School of Social Work and Public Administration, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Bentley R, Baker E, Aitken Z. The ‘double precarity’ of employment insecurity and unaffordable housing and its impact on mental health. Soc Sci Med 2019; 225:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
In this study, I examined gender differences in the consequences of divorce by tracing annual change in 20 outcome measures covering four domains: economic, housing and domestic, health and well-being, and social. I used data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) and fixed-effects panel regression models on a sample of N = 18,030 individuals initially observed in a marital union, N = 1,220 of whom divorced across the observation period (1984–2015). Three main findings emerged from the analysis. First, men were more vulnerable to short-term consequences of divorce for subjective measures of well-being, but postdivorce adaptation alleviated gender differences in these outcomes. Second, a medium-term view on multiple outcomes showed more similarity than differences between women and men. The medium-term consequences of divorce were similar in terms of subjective economic well-being; mental health, physical health, and psychological well-being; residential moves, homeownership, and satisfaction with housework; and chances of repartnering, social integration with friends and relatives, and feelings of loneliness. Third, the key domain in which large and persistent gender differences emerged were women’s disproportionate losses in household income and associated increases in their risk of poverty and single parenting. Taken together, these findings suggest that men’s disproportionate strain of divorce is transient, whereas women’s is chronic.
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Senicato C, Azevedo RCSD, Barros MBDA. Transtorno mental comum em mulheres adultas: identificando os segmentos mais vulneráveis. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 23:2543-2554. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018238.13652016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos, os comportamentos e as morbidades associados ao transtorno mental comum em mulheres adultas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra por conglomerados. Foram analisadas 848 mulheres por inquérito domiciliar realizado em Campinas, em 2008/2009. Foi usado o instrumento Self-Reporting Questionnare (SRQ-20) para avaliar o transtorno mental comum. Foram estimadas razões de prevalências por meio de regressão múltipla de Poisson em modelo hierárquico de três etapas, considerando as ponderações relativas ao desenho amostral. A prevalência de transtorno mental comum foi de 18,7%. O modelo hierárquico evidenciou que mulheres mais velhas, com baixa escolaridade, donas de casa, separadas ou viúvas, que não consumiam frutas/verduras/legumes diariamente, dormiam seis ou menos horas por noite, apresentavam várias doenças crônicas e problemas de saúde e com relato de algum tipo de violência foram mais vulneráveis ao transtorno mental comum e, por isso, devem ser tratadas com prioridade pelos serviços de saúde. Diagnosticar precocemente mulheres com transtorno mental comum, bem como acompanhá-las e tratá-las, contribuem para reduzir os impactos na qualidade de vida feminina.
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Psychiatric morbidity and subsequent divorce: a couple-level register-based study in Finland. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:823-831. [PMID: 29721590 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies that assess the role of mental health for the risk of divorce are scarce and mostly rely on individual-level data, although divorce is a couple-level phenomenon. Using data on couples, we examine the effects of both spouses' psychiatric morbidity on the risk of divorce, and whether socio-demographic factors affect these associations. METHODS We followed 96,222 Finnish married couples for 6 years using register-based data on both spouses and their household. New incidence of psychiatric morbidity and subsequent divorce was identified from dates of prescription medication purchases and hospital admissions, and dates of registered divorce. Socio-demographic factors were measured annually for both spouses and their household. The effect of incident psychiatric morbidity on divorce risk was analyzed using Cox regression. RESULTS Psychiatric morbidity in men increased the age-adjusted risk of divorce more than twofold and in women nearly twofold. The risk of divorce was particularly pronounced immediately after new incidence of psychiatric morbidity, before settling to a persistently high level. Psychiatric morbidity in both spouses increased the risk of divorce almost threefold. Adjustment for socio-economic factors had little effect on these associations. CONCLUSIONS Psychiatric morbidity is a persistent risk factor of divorce. The risk is larger when both spouses experience psychiatric morbidity compared to only one spouse. The findings are consistent with the idea that poor relationship quality and dissatisfaction in couples suffering from mental health problems have long-term consequences for marital stability. Treatment of psychiatric morbidity should not focus only on the individual but on couple-level dynamics.
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Biotteau AL, Bonnet C, Cambois E. Risk of Major Depressive Episodes After Separation: The Gender-Specific Contribution of the Income and Support Lost Through Union Dissolution. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE 2018; 35:519-542. [PMID: 31372103 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-018-9488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Marital status and union dissolution are strongly associated with health. Separated men and women have a mental health disadvantage compared to partnered individuals. The lower financial and social resources of separated individuals partly explained their poorer health. However, it is unclear whether this association is due to the loss in income and support precisely experienced through the separation. Due to the frequent asymmetry in partners' individual resources within couples, these losses are gender-specific, giving rise to a debate currently in France. As part of this debate, we explored to what extent gender-specific losses contribute to the separation/mental health association. We used the two-wave survey "Health and Occupational Trajectories," looking at 7321 individuals aged 25-74 in couple in 2006. We analyzed their depressive symptoms self-reported at second wave (2010) and their association with separation between the two waves; we took into account the concomitant social and income changes, as well as the socioeconomic and health situation in 2006. Separation between 2006 and 2010 is significantly associated with depressive symptoms in 2010, independently of the situation in 2006; it is associated with a loss of income, mainly in women, and a loss of support, slightly more pronounced in men. Nested logistic models indicate that the loss of support explained 5.5% of the separation/mental health association in men; the loss of income explained 19.2% of it in women. In France, an economic penalty of separation still primarily affects women and substantially contributes to the mental health vulnerability of newly separated women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Biotteau
- 1Institut national d'études démographiques, 133 Bd Davout, 75980 Paris Cedex 20, France.,2Present Address: Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), Paris, France
| | - Carole Bonnet
- 1Institut national d'études démographiques, 133 Bd Davout, 75980 Paris Cedex 20, France
| | - Emmanuelle Cambois
- 1Institut national d'études démographiques, 133 Bd Davout, 75980 Paris Cedex 20, France
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Monserud MA. Marital Status and Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults of Mexican Descent. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2018; 88:22-45. [PMID: 29350050 DOI: 10.1177/0091415017752940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the implications of marital status for the age patterning of depressive symptoms in later life. Drawing on seven waves of data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly, this research uses growth curve models to examine age trajectories of depressive symptoms among continuously married and recently and continuously widowed older adults of Mexican descent (aged 65 years and older; N = 1,452). The findings demonstrate that despite having a higher mean level of depressive symptoms, the recently widowed experienced a similar rate of increase in distress with age to that of their married counterparts. Compared with the married, the continuously widowed had a steeper rise in depressive symptoms with age, although they had fewer symptoms at younger ages in later life. Physical health, financial strain, social support, and church attendance might account to a certain extent for marital status differences in depressive symptoms across later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Strohschein
- Lisa Strohschein is with the Department of Sociology at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Leopold T, Kalmijn M. Is Divorce More Painful When Couples Have Children? Evidence From Long-Term Panel Data on Multiple Domains of Well-being. Demography 2017; 53:1717-1742. [PMID: 27815739 PMCID: PMC5127958 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-016-0518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical models of the divorce process suggest that marital breakup is more painful in the presence of children, yet little is known about the role of children as a moderator of divorce effects on adult well-being. The present study addresses this gap of research based on long-term panel data from Germany (SOEP). Following individuals over several years before and after divorce, we investigated whether the impact of divorce on multiple measures of well-being varied by the presence and age of children before marital breakup. Three central findings emerged from the analysis. First, declines in well-being were sharper in the presence of children, and these moderator effects were larger if children were younger. Second, domain-specific measures of well-being revealed gender differences in the moderating role of children. Mothers sustained deeper drops in economic well-being than did fathers; the reverse was true for family well-being. Third, most of these disproportionate declines in the well-being of divorced parents did not persist in the long term given that higher rates of adaptation leveled out the gaps compared with childless divorcees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Leopold
- Department of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018WV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Matthijs Kalmijn
- Department of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018WV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI), The Hague, Netherlands
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Mojtabai R, Stuart EA, Hwang I, Eaton WW, Sampson N, Kessler RC. Long-term effects of mental disorders on marital outcomes in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2017; 52:1217-1226. [PMID: 28378065 PMCID: PMC5846331 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-017-1373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological research has consistently shown an association between mental disorders and marital dissolution. However, this research mostly examined the association of divorce as a risk factor for mental illness. This study prospectively examined the associations of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders with future marital dissolution and new marriages in a representative population sample. METHODS The study used data from the National Comorbidity Survey panel study-a two-wave community epidemiological survey of 5001 participants interviewed in 1990-1992 and re-interviewed in 2001-2003. Mental disorders were ascertained with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, a fully structured instrument. Associations of baseline lifetime disorders and disorders with onset after the baseline with subsequent divorce and marriage/remarriage were examined using discrete-time survival analysis models. RESULTS Mental disorders at baseline or with onset after baseline were associated with significantly greater odds of subsequent divorce among respondents who either were married at baseline or got married after baseline. Mental disorders with onset after baseline were associated with smaller odds of marriage or remarriage. Projections assuming causal effects of mental illness on marital outcomes suggest that preventing the effects of common mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders would be associated with 6.7 million fewer divorces and 3.5 million more marriages in the US population over an 11-year period. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with common mental disorders are at greater risk of marital dissolution and are less likely to enter new marriages. These factors contribute to the diminished social engagement and social support for individuals with these disorders. Interventions aimed at improving marital and family relationships could potentially ameliorate the effect of mental disorders on these vital social ties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mojtabai
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A. Stuart
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irving Hwang
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William W. Eaton
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Sampson
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Myroniuk TW. Marital Dissolutions and the Health of Older Individuals in a Rural African Context. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2017; 72:656-664. [PMID: 27382043 PMCID: PMC5927165 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research from high-income countries has often found a negative relationship between marital dissolutions and health. This paper assesses that relationship among older sub-Saharan Africans, on a now-aging continent. Such individuals are likely to be at risk of a dissolution, or have already experienced one, due to high rates of marriage. METHODS Data from over 1,200 rural Malawians, age 45+, are employed from the 2008 and 2010 waves of the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health. Cross-sectional and lagged dependent variable regressions examine the relationship between marital dissolutions and 4 measures of self-reported health: retrospective health, relative health (compared with others in one's village), and age-standardized SF-12 mental and physical health scales. RESULTS Worse relative, mental, and physical health are associated with being currently divorced/widowed compared with being married. However, worse retrospective health is linked to becoming divorced/widowed between 2008 and 2010. Those divorced/widowed prior to 2008, and who remained so through 2010, are in worse relative and physical health. DISCUSSION The findings question the relative hardship of marital dissolutions for those who have managed to survive into old age, and call for the collection of more detailed longitudinal data on older Africans on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W Myroniuk
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
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Kansky J, Allen JP. Making Sense and Moving On: The Potential for Individual and Interpersonal Growth Following Emerging Adult Breakups. EMERGING ADULTHOOD (PRINT) 2017; 6:172-190. [PMID: 30034952 PMCID: PMC6051550 DOI: 10.1177/2167696817711766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the key aspects of romantic relationship dissolution in emerging adulthood as predictors of future mental health and romantic qualities. It utilized a longitudinal, multiinformant, multimethod study of 160 participants with their romantic partners and close friends followed from ages 20-25, with a breakup assessed at age 22. Having control over initiating a breakup at age 22 predicted relative increases in peer-rated internalizing symptoms and autonomy-undermining interactions with a new partner at ages 23-25. Having a greater understanding of the reasons for a breakup predicted lower self-reported internalizing symptoms and relative decreases in partner-reported romantic conflict as well as relative increases in self-reported relationship satisfaction and peer-rated intimate relationship competence at ages 23-25. Predictions remained after accounting for numerous potential confounds including age 20-22 baseline relationship quality, social competence, internalizing symptoms, and gender. Implications for understanding links between breakup characteristics on emerging adult psychological and relationship functioning are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kansky
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joseph P. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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How do moving and other major life events impact mental health? A longitudinal analysis of UK children. Health Place 2017; 46:257-266. [PMID: 28666235 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Research has suggested that children who move home report poorer mental health than those who remain residentially stable. However, many previous studies have been based on cross sectional data and have failed to consider major life events as confounders. This study uses longitudinal data from ALSPAC, a UK population based birth cohort study, and employs within-between random effect models to decompose the association between moving in childhood and poor mental health. Results suggest that while unobserved between-individual differences between mobile and non-mobile children account for a large portion of this association, within-individual differences remain and indicate that moving may have a detrimental impact upon subsequent mental health. There is heterogeneity in children's response to moving, suggesting that a dichotomy of movers vs stayers is overly simplistic.
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