1
|
Pauls C, Fleischmann M, Klein M, Bouwhuis S, Bosmans JE. Subjective household poverty as a moderator for the association between employment precariousness and mental health across five european welfare state types. SSM Popul Health 2024; 27:101696. [PMID: 39055643 PMCID: PMC11269925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To create better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between employment precariousness (EP) and mental health by considering household poverty as a moderator while stratifying for gender across welfare state types (WSTs): Scandinavian, South European, Central- and East European, Bismarckian and Anglo-Saxon. Methods Data from the sixth wave of the European Working Conditions Survey (N = 18,725) was used. The Employment Precariousness Scale was used to assess EP on a continuous scale. Mental health was measured using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. A binary variable for subjective household poverty was created. We estimated gender-stratified, multi-level models with a random intercept at country-level for the association between EP and mental health, with an interaction term between EP and subjective household poverty, for each WST separately. Models were adjusted for age, education, having a partner and having children under age 18 in the household. Results In all WSTs, among men as well as women, we found a negative relation between EP and mental health. Among women, this relation was not moderated by household poverty. Among men in the Anglo-Saxon WST, the negative relation between EP and mental health was stronger among employees that reported household poverty compared to those who did not report household poverty. Conclusions Evidence of a moderating effect of household poverty on the association between EP and mental health was only found amongst men in the Anglo-Saxon WSTs and the combined full sample. Other factors that might affect the association between EP and mental health should be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceciel Pauls
- Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Fleischmann
- Hogeschool Rotterdam, Lectoraar Verloskunde en Geboortezorg, Netherlands
| | - Michel Klein
- Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stef Bouwhuis
- Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith E. Bosmans
- Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chávez S, Bozick R, Li J. How Housing, Employment, and Legal Precarity Affect the Sleep of Migrant Workers: A Mixed-Methods Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 65:340-355. [PMID: 38192210 DOI: 10.1177/00221465231214825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In the United States, natural disasters have increased in frequency and intensity, causing significant damage to communities, infrastructure, and human life. Migrant workers form part of a growing occupational group that rebuilds in the aftermath of natural disasters like hurricanes and tornadoes. The work these migrant workers perform is essential but also unstable, exploitative, and dangerous, which stresses their health and well-being. This study focuses on the health and well-being of migrant roofers, a precarious occupational group who restores communities and helps the U.S. population adjust to a climate-changed world. Using surveys (N = 359) and in-depth interviews (n = 58) from a convenience sample of migrant roofers, we examine how precarity in terms of employment, housing, and legal status affect the sleep outcomes of these workers, who derive their income from an industry where instability is the norm, live in substandard and irregular housing, and lack workplace protections given their legal status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Li
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sprajcer M, Ferguson SA, Dawson D. How much advance notice do workers need? A review and theoretical framework for determining advance notice periods for unpredictable work. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2024; 62:2-19. [PMID: 36948632 PMCID: PMC10865088 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2022-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory guidance materials for fatigue management typically advise that employees be provided with days or weeks of advance notice of schedules/rosters. However, the scientific evidence underpinning this advice is unclear. A systematic search was performed on current peer reviewed literature addressing advance notice periods, which found three relevant studies. A subsequent search of grey literature to determine the quality of evidence for the recommendation for advance notice periods returned 37 relevant documents. This review found that fatigue management guidance materials frequently advocated advance notice for work shifts but did not provide empirical evidence to underpin the advice. Although it is logical to suggest that longer notice periods may result in increased opportunities for pre-work preparations, improved sleep, and reduced worker fatigue, the current guidance appears to be premised on this reasoning rather than empirical evidence. Paradoxically, it is possible that advance notice could be counterproductive, as too much may result in frequent alterations to the schedule, particularly where adjustments to start and end times of the work period are not uncommon (e.g., road transport, rail). To assist organisations in determining the appropriate amount of advance notice to provide, we propose a novel theoretical framework to conceptualise advance notice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Drew Dawson
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jaydarifard S, Smith SS, Rossa KR, Mann D, Nikooharf Salehi E, Shekari Soleimanloo S. Sleep mediates the relationship between precarious employment and mental health. Sleep Med X 2023; 6:100092. [PMID: 38053834 PMCID: PMC10694582 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence suggests that precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health. Although the mechanisms underpinning this relationship are unclear, poor sleep has been proposed to have a role in this relationship. This study explored the mediating effects of poor sleep quality and duration on the relationship between precarious employment and mental health. Methods Data were obtained from wave 17 of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. A novel precarious employment score (PES) was developed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in 8127 workers (4195 female, aged 18-65). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to evaluate the mediating effect of sleep quality and duration on the relationship between precarious employment and mental health (SF-36 mental health subscale). Results The PES identified 650 workers with a high level of precariousness, 2417 with a moderate level of precariousness, and 5060 workers with a low level of precariousness out of 8127 in total. There was a significant direct association between precarious employment and mental health; with higher precarity increasing the likelihood of poor mental health. The SEM results revealed that sleep quality partially mediated the association between precarious employment and mental health (Coefficient = 0.025, 95 % CI [0.015, 0.034], P ≤ 0.001). However, a mediation effect was not found for sleep duration. Conclusion Encouraging precarious employees to improve sleep quality may mitigate the adverse effects of precarious work on their mental health. Further objective measurement of sleep duration warrants a more accurate insight into this mediating effect in this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Jaydarifard
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Simon S. Smith
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kalina R. Rossa
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dwayne Mann
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elahe Nikooharf Salehi
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shamsi Shekari Soleimanloo
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Madhavan S, Kim SW, White M, Gomez‐Olive X. Parenting in place: Young children's living arrangement and migrants' sleep health in South Africa. POPULATION, SPACE AND PLACE 2023; 29:e2692. [PMID: 38440063 PMCID: PMC10909522 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Migration research tends to treat childrearing as a secondary role for migrants. By prioritising the economic objectives of migration, most models present migrants as either delaying childbearing or, if they have young children, not living with them. However, migration has become increasingly feminised, the types of mobility more varied, while the returns to migration remain uncertain at best. At the same time, norms around childrearing are shifting, and the capacity of kin to take care of children may be weakening. In such contexts, migrants may not want to or be able to be separated from their children. Confronting such difficult decisions and their consequences may be reflected in poor sleep health for the migrant parent. We draw on data from the Migration and Health Follow-Up Study (MHFUS) in South Africa to examine the following questions: (i) To what extent is children's coresidence associated with sleep health for migrant parents? (ii) Do effects vary by sex of migrant? and (iii) Do effects vary by location of migrant? Results from propensity score matching confirm that migrants who coreside with all their young children are more likely to experience healthy sleep compared to those who have nonresident or no young children. However, stratified analysis shows that these effects are only significant for women and those not living in Gauteng province. The value of these findings is underscored by the need for research on the well-being of migrant parents who are negotiating multiple agendas in economically precarious and physically insecure destinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Madhavan
- Departments of African American Studies and SociologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Seung Wan Kim
- Department of SociologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Michael White
- Population Studies and Training CenterBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Xavier Gomez‐Olive
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gong SC, Park S. Increased risk of sleep problems according to employment precariousness among paid employees in Korea. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:876-883. [PMID: 37545103 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between precarious employment (PE) and sleep problems among wage workers in Korea. METHODS Data from 29,437 wage workers were obtained from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. PE was defined based on four dimensions: employment temporariness, irregularity, lack of protection, and economic vulnerability. A PE index indicating employment precariousness was derived. The outcome variables were three sleep problems experienced over the past year: difficulty initiating asleep; difficulty maintaining sleep' and fatigue upon waking. Multiple logistic regression was performed after adjusting for age, educational level, occupation, job tenure, company size, and working hours, to estimate the association between PE and sleep problems. RESULTS For both sexes, the risk of all sleep problems significantly increased as the precariousness of employment increased, showing a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION An increased risk of sleep problems is evident as employment becomes more precarious. These findings could help improve the health of workers with PE by addressing sleep problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Chan Gong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gangnam Giein Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jaydarifard S, Smith SS, Mann D, Rossa KR, Nikooharf Salehi E, Gnani Srinivasan A, Shekari Soleimanloo S. Precarious employment and associated health and social consequences; a systematic review. Aust N Z J Public Health 2023; 47:100074. [PMID: 37453888 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to identify, evaluate, and summarise the consequences of precarious employment. METHODS We included studies published within the last ten years (Jan 2011-July 2021) that employed at least two of three key dimensions of precarious employment: employment insecurity, income inadequacy, and lack of rights and protection. RESULTS Of the 4,947 initially identified studies, only five studies met our eligibility criteria. These five studies were of moderate quality as assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Our review found that the current literature predominantly defines precarity based on the single criterion of employment insecurity. Our review identified evidence for the negative consequences of precarious employment, including poorer workplace wellbeing, general health, mental health, and emotional wellbeing. The findings indicated an increase in the magnitude of these adverse outcomes with a higher degree of job precariousness. CONCLUSIONS The rise of employment precariousness will likely continue to be a major issue in the coming years. More research is needed to inform effective policies and practices using a consensus definition of precarious employment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH The presence of adverse effects of precarious employment suggests workplace initiatives are essential to mitigate the negative consequences of precarity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Jaydarifard
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Simon S Smith
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dwayne Mann
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kalina R Rossa
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elahe Nikooharf Salehi
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Arvind Gnani Srinivasan
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shamsi Shekari Soleimanloo
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frazier C. Working Around the Clock: The Association between Shift Work, Sleep Health, and Depressive Symptoms among Midlife Adults. SOCIETY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 13:97-110. [PMID: 37860107 PMCID: PMC10586491 DOI: 10.1177/21568693231156452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Shift work is an integral part of living in a 24-hour society. However, shift work can disrupt circadian rhythms, negatively impacting health. Guided by the Stress Process Model (SPM), this study examines the association between shift work and depressive symptoms and investigates whether sleep health (duration, quality, and latency) mediates this relationship among midlife adults. Utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (N = 6,372), findings show that working evening, night, and irregular shifts is associated with increased depressive symptoms. The results also show that part of the association between shift work and depressive symptoms among night and irregular shift workers, is indirect, operating through short sleep during the week and on the weekend. Although shift work can negatively affect mental health, getting more restorative sleep may mitigate part of the harmful mental health consequences of non-standard work schedules.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao X, Yu J, Hu F, Chen S, Liu N. Association of sleep duration with underweight and obesity in older adults: A cross-sectional study of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23836. [PMID: 36394395 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Underweight and obesity are two of the main health concerns as they are associated with adverse health outcomes and nutrition disorders. This study determined the association of sleep duration with both underweight and obesity in Chinese older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. There were 13 917 participants aged 65 and above in the analysis. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized into underweight, normal weight and overweight, and obesity. Self-reported sleep duration was divided into short, normal, and long sleep duration. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of sleep duration with underweight and obesity. RESULTS The prevalence of underweight was 16.7% and the prevalence of obesity was 8.0% in Chinese older adults aged 65 and older. Compared to the normal sleep duration group, the short sleep duration group had a higher incidence of underweight (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.65), and the long sleep duration group showed a higher incidence of obesity (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.07-2.30) in older men. A greater incidence of underweight was found in the short sleep duration group (AOR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.40) in old-old adults after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Short sleep duration is associated with being underweight and long sleep duration is linked with obesity in older men. Short sleep duration is also a risk factor for the underweight of old-old adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Zhao
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Yu
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nelson ME, Lee S, Allen TD, Buxton OM, Almeida DM, Andel R. Goldilocks at work: Just the right amount of job demands may be needed for your sleep health. Sleep Health 2023; 9:40-48. [PMID: 36372656 PMCID: PMC9991992 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been reported that job demands affect sleep, but how different levels of job demands affect sleep remains unclear. We examined whether curvilinear relationships exist between job demands and multiple sleep health outcomes. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses with linear and quadratic effects, using self-administered survey data. SETTING A national sample of US adults. PARTICIPANTS Workers from Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS2; n = 2927). MEASUREMENTS The Job Content Questionnaire assessed overall and 5 specific aspects of job demands (intensity, role conflict, work overload, time pressure, and interruptions). Habitual sleep health patterns across 5 dimensions (regularity, satisfaction/quality, daytime alertness, efficiency, and duration) were assessed. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital/partnered status, education, job tenure, work hours, body mass index, smoking status, and study sample were covariates. RESULTS There were significant linear and quadratic relationships between job demands and sleep outcomes. Specifically, the linear effects indicated that participants with higher job demands had worse sleep health, such as shorter duration, greater irregularity, greater inefficiency, and more sleep dissatisfaction. The quadratic effects, however, indicated that sleep regularity and efficiency outcomes were the best when participants' job demands were moderate rather than too low or too high. These effects were found for overall job demands as well as for specific aspects of job demands. Stratified analyses further revealed that these curvilinear associations were mainly driven by participants with low job control. CONCLUSIONS Moderate levels of job demands, especially if combined with adequate job control, are related to optimal sleep health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica E Nelson
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Soomi Lee
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Tammy D Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ross Andel
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mai QD, Song L, Donnelly R. Precarious Employment and Well-Being: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic. WORK AND OCCUPATIONS 2023; 50:3-21. [PMID: 38603256 PMCID: PMC9726637 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221143063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
While precarious employment is not a new concept, it has been brought to the center of scholarly and public discourse worldwide by the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. This essay delineates how precarious employment shapes well-being and situates that relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The essay also provides an overview of how the nine articles boldly investigate how these two layers of global risk-precarious employment and the pandemic-interact to shape individuals' well-being. In addition to advancing theoretical and empirical knowledge by analyzing timely data from diverse sources and populations, these articles call for more efforts on worker protection reforms and government financial support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan D Mai
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lijun Song
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu Y, Jiang C, Yang Y, Dzierzewski JM, Spruyt K, Zhang B, Huang M, Ge H, Rong Y, Ola BA, Liu T, Ma H, Meng R. Depression and Anxiety Mediate the Association between Sleep Quality and Self-Rated Health in Healthcare Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:82. [PMID: 36829311 PMCID: PMC9952798 DOI: 10.3390/bs13020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate factors associated with sleep quality in healthcare students and to determine whether depressive and anxiety symptoms may explain some of the associations between sleep quality and self-rated health. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study at wave one. METHODS A total of 637 healthcare students were recruited via a stratified random sampling method in Hangzhou, China. The Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ) and the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) were used to assess sleep quality and depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Self-rated health was assessed via a self-developed questionnaire of both physical and psychological health. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of sleep quality on self-rated health through depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Students engaged in part-time employment (p = 0.022), with poor perceived employment prospects (p = 0.009), and who did not participate in recreational sports (p = 0.008) had worse sleep quality. Structural equation modeling revealed a significant total effect of sleep quality on self-rated health (b = 0.592, p < 0.001), a significant direct effect of both sleep quality and depressive and anxiety symptoms on self-rated health (b = 0.277, 95% CI: 0.032-0.522), and a significant indirect effect of sleep quality on self-rated health through depressive and anxiety symptoms (b = 0.315, 95% CI: 0.174-0.457). CONCLUSIONS Depressive and anxiety symptoms partially explain the association between sleep quality and self-rated health. Intervening upon sleep quality, depressive, and anxiety symptoms may bolster the self-rated health of healthcare students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - You Yang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | | | - Karen Spruyt
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Bingren Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Mengyi Huang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hanjie Ge
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yangyang Rong
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Bolanle Adeyemi Ola
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos 21266, Nigeria
| | - Tingjie Liu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Runtang Meng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kristoffersen AE, Wider B, Nilsen JV, Bjelland M, Mora DC, Nordberg JH, Broderstad AR, Nakandi K, Stub T. Prevalence of late and long-term effects of cancer (treatment) and use of complementary and alternative medicine in Norway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:322. [PMID: 36471296 PMCID: PMC9721050 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing number of patients surviving cancer leads to more people experiencing late and long term-effects from the disease and its treatment. Fatigue, sleep disorders, early menopause, pain, and nerve damage are commonly reported. Methods helping people to recover after cancer treatment are therefore essential. The aims of this study were threefold; (1) to determine the level of cancer patients suffering from late and long-term effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment in Norway, (2) explore complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities used for managing these adversities, and (3) describe self-perceived benefits and harms of the CAM interventions. METHODS The study was conducted in cooperation with the Norwegian Cancer Society (NCS) and consisted of an online cross-sectional study among members of the NCS user panel with present or previous cancer (n = 706). The study was carried out in September/October 2021 using a modified cancer-specific version of the International Questionnaire to Measure Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (I-CAM-Q). A total of 315 women and 153 men agreed to participate, resulting in a response rate of 67%. RESULTS Most of the participants (83%) suffered from late and long-term effects of cancer treatment; mostly fatigue (59.2%), sleep disorder (41.5%), hot flashes (39.2%), nerve damage (polyneuropathy, 38.0%), and pain (36.6%) with a mean number of 5.1 different late and long-term effects. Late and long-term effects were positively associated with younger age and college/university education. Nearly half of the participants experiencing late and long-term effects (43%) reported having used CAM to treat these complaints. Most frequently used were self-help practices (26%) such as relaxation therapy (19%), yoga (14%) and meditation (13%), but also visits to CAM providers were reported by 22%. Herbal- and other natural remedies to treat late and long-term effects were used by 13%. A high percentage of CAM users reported self-perceived improvements of their symptoms (86% for self-help practices, 90% for visits to CAM providers). Few experienced adverse effects of the CAM treatment. CONCLUSION A large proportion of cancer patients suffered from a wide range of late and long-term effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment, and they use CAM to treat these complaints to a rather high degree. Relaxation therapy, yoga, meditation, massage, and acupuncture were the most frequently used therapies regardless of complaint. The therapies used are generally considered to be both safe and beneficial for the respective complaint, indicating that the participants seem to be well informed about the choices they make.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnete E Kristoffersen
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Barbara Wider
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Dana C Mora
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johanna Hök Nordberg
- Regional Cancer Center Stockholm Gotland, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Nursing & Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Ragnhild Broderstad
- Centre for Sami Health Research, Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kiwumulo Nakandi
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Trine Stub
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park I, Kim S, Kim Y, Yun B, Yoon JH. Association between physical risk factors and sleep disturbance among workers in Korea: The 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Sleep Med 2022; 100:157-164. [PMID: 36063638 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance is associated with negative effects to workers' health and productivity; hence, it is important to find which population of workers are associated with sleep disturbance. This study aimed to investigate the association between physical risk factors (vibration, noise, high, and low temperatures) and sleep disturbance in the Korean working population. METHODS We analyzed data on 29,213 paid workers from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Individual and occupational characteristics, physical risk factors exposure, and sleep disturbance were collected using self-reported questionnaires. To assess the association between physical risk factors and sleep disturbance, the chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted. All statistical analyses were performed in sex-based subgroups. RESULTS We observed that all physical risk factors are associated with sleep disturbance. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) of severe exposure to vibration, noise, high and low temperature were 1.69 (CI:1.47-1.94), 2.52 (CI:2.17-2.92), 3.09 (CI:2.69-3.56), and 1.96 (CI:1.68-2.28) in male workers and 2.27 (CI:1.89-2.72), 3.52 (CI:2.92-4.24), 3.30 (CI:2.81-3.87), and 2.87 (CI:2.44-3.38) in female workers, respectively. The prevalence of sleep disturbance increased with increased exposure to physical risk factors, indicating a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSIONS Physical risk factors exposure in the workplace was associated with sleep disturbance of workers, indicating a dose-response relationship. Given the impact of sleep disturbance on workers' health and efficiency, it may be important to control exposure to physical risk factors in the working environment with regards to sleep conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inho Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangwook Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungyoon Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Work-related stressors and mental health among LGBTQ workers: Results from a cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275771. [PMID: 36282835 PMCID: PMC9595555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience high rates of adverse mental health outcomes due to the stressors they experience in families, communities, and society more broadly. Work and workplaces have the potential to influence these outcomes given their ability to amplify minority stress, and their ability to influence social and economic wellbeing in this already marginalized population. This study aims to identify how sociodemographic characteristics and characteristics of work, including degree of precarity, industry and perceived workplace support for LGBTQ people, influence self-reported mental health among LGBTQ people in two Canadian cities. METHODS Self-identified LGBTQ workers ≥16 years of age (n = 531) in Sudbury and Windsor, Ontario, Canada were given an online survey between July 6 and December 2, 2018. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) to evaluate differences in gender identity, age, income, industry, social precarity, work environment, and substance use among workers who self-reported very poor, poor, or neutral mental health, compared with a referent group that self-reported good or very good mental health on a five-point Likert scale about general mental health. RESULTS LGBTQ workers with poor or neutral mental health had greater odds of: being cisgender women or trans compared with being cisgender men; being aged <35 years compared with ≥35 years; working in low-wage service sectors compared with blue collar jobs; earning <$20,000/year compared with ≥$20,000/year; working in a non-standard work situation or being unemployed compared with working in full-time permanent employment; feeling often or always unable to schedule time with friends due to work; feeling unsure or negative about their work environment; and using substances to cope with work. CONCLUSIONS Both precarious work and unsupportive work environments contribute to poor mental health among LGBTQ people. These factors are compounded for trans workers who face poorer mental health than cis-LGBQ workers in similar environments.
Collapse
|
16
|
Brown RL, Ciciurkaite G. Precarious Employment during the COVID-19 Pandemic,
Disability-Related Discrimination, and Mental Health. WORK AND OCCUPATIONS 2022; 50:07308884221129839. [PMCID: PMC9530693 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221129839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on separate strands of research documenting the psychological consequences of (a) precarious employment and other challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) ableism, this study incorporates both into an examination of disability-based differences in the joint significance of discrimination and work precarity during the pandemic for mental health. Analyses utilizing data from a regional survey of people with and without disabilities in the Intermountain West (N = 2,012) provide evidence that precarious employment, greater discrimination, and disability independently predict depressive symptoms. Further, in the context of greater discrimination, more precarious employment is found to have greater significance for people with disabilities compared to those who are not currently disabled. These findings challenge us to think about how we engage in research concerning ableism and macro-level stressors, and underscore the role of power structures and positionality in shaping the psychological impact of employment challenges experienced during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Ciciurkaite
- Department of Sociology, Social Work,
and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liao CW, Chiang TL. Occupational injuries among non-standard workers in the Taiwan construction industry. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2022; 82:301-313. [PMID: 36031258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Global changes in the labor force have led to an increase in non-standard employment (NSE) workers, particularly apparent in the construction industry. These workers have a higher risk of occupational injury and negative health-related outcomes. METHOD In this study, relevant literature and the database for construction accidents are examined to identify the classification of NSE in the Taiwan construction industry. Accident reports from 2000 to 2018 are extracted from case reports of the Northern Occupational Safety and Health Center of Taiwan. Pearson's chi-squared test are then employed to analyze a total of 1,612 occupational fatality cases in the construction industry to explore the differences in occupational injuries between NSE and standard employment (SE). Further, characteristics of occupational injuries for different types of NSE in the construction industry are analyzed. RESULTS The NSE occupational injury rate for older workers over 60 years old is higher, especially for self-employed workers taking on technical work. NSE workers are more expected to suffer occupational fatalities in the small-scale, non-public, and repair projects. Occupational injuries involving self-employed and temporary agency workers are clearly regionally concentrated. Temporary agency workers involved in occupational injuries are most engaged in non-technical work and movement for worker motion with their unfamiliarity with the worksite. Most enterprises did not perform safety management on construction sites for occupational injuries involving NSE workers, especially for self-employed workers. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the hazard characteristics of NSE workers are clearly different from SE workers. NSE workers face inferior job security and protection, especially for self-employed workers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The results can be used to establish effective occupational safety management policies and programs more efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Liao
- Department of Civil Engineering and Hazard Mitigation, China University of Technology, No.56, Section 3, Hsinlong Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Lung Chiang
- Northern Occupational Safety and Health Centers of Occupational Safety and Health Administration of Ministry of Labor of Taiwan, No.439, Zhongping Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng S, Ding T, Chen H, Wu Y, Cai W. Precarious Job Makes Me Withdraw? The Role of Job Insecurity and Negative Affect. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412999. [PMID: 34948604 PMCID: PMC8701801 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An expanding "gig" economy has changed the nature of employment; thus, researchers have recently focused on exploring the role of job precariousness in the workplace. However, little research attention has been given to understanding why, how and when job precariousness leads to employees' negative behavioral outcomes in the service-oriented industry. In the current study, we examined job insecurity as a mediator and employees' negative affect as a moderator in the relationship between job precariousness and employees' withdrawal behavior. Using a sample of 472 employees working in Chinese hotels, we found that job precariousness is positively related to employees' withdrawal behavior by increasing their job insecurity. Moreover, this mediating relationship is conditional on the moderator variable of employees' negative affect for the path from job insecurity to withdrawal behavior. The importance of these findings for understanding the undesirable behavior outcomes of job precariousness is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanting Zheng
- School of Tourism and Events, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Tangli Ding
- School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Economics & Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Yunhong Wu
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
| | - Wenjing Cai
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
- Department of Management & Organization, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Intellectual Property Research Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-551-63602364
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Simonelli G, Petit D, Delage JP, Michaud X, Lavoie MD, Morin CM, Godbout R, Robillard R, Vallières A, Carrier J, Bastien C. Sleep in times of crises: A scoping review in the early days of the COVID-19 crisis. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 60:101545. [PMID: 34571477 PMCID: PMC8461524 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During the early days of the pandemic and in the context of a seemingly unknown global threat, several potential major sleep disruptors were identified by sleep researchers and practitioners across the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic combined several features that, individually, had been shown to negatively affect sleep health in the general population. Those features included state of crisis, restrictions on in-person social interactions, as well as financial adversity. To address the lack of a comprehensive summary of sleep research across these three distinctive domains, we undertook three parallel systematic reviews based on the following themes: 1) Sleep in times of crises; 2) Sleep and social isolation; and 3) Sleep and economic uncertainty. Using a scoping review framework, we systematically identified and summarized findings from these three separated bodies of works. Potential moderating factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, psychological predisposition, occupation and other personal circumstances are also discussed. To conclude, we propose novel lines of research necessary to alleviate the short- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 crises and highlight the need to prepare the deployment of sleep solutions in future crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Simonelli
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Dominique Petit
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | | | - Xavier Michaud
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | | | - Charles M Morin
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada
| | - Roger Godbout
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada; Sleep Laboratory & Clinic, Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Rebecca Robillard
- Sleep Research Unit, Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada
| | - Annie Vallières
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Célyne Bastien
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Allan BA, Autin KL, Wilkins-Yel KG. Precarious work in the 21st century: A psychological perspective. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
21
|
Do managers sleep well? The role of gender, gender empowerment and economic development. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247515. [PMID: 33730047 PMCID: PMC7968640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Work demands often disrupt sleep. The stress of higher status theory posits that workers with greater resources often experience greater stress. We extend this theory to sleep and ask: do managers report more disrupted sleep and does this vary by gender and country context? Data come from the 2012 European Social Survey Programme and our sample comprised those currently employed in their prime working age (n = 27,616; age 25–64) in 29 countries. We include country level measures of the Gender Development Index (GDI) and gross domestic product (GDP). We find that workers sleep better, regardless of gender, in countries where women are empowered. For managers, women sleep better as GDI increases and men as GDP increases. Our results suggest that men experience a sleep premium from economic development and women from gender empowerment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Eisenberg-Guyot J, Peckham T, Andrea SB, Oddo V, Seixas N, Hajat A. Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S.: A multichannel sequence analysis. Soc Sci Med 2020; 264:113327. [PMID: 32919256 PMCID: PMC7607590 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The organization of employment in the U.S. has changed dramatically since the 1970s, causing decreased power and security for workers across many dimensions of the employment relationship. Multidimensional employment-quality (EQ) measures can be used to capture these changes and test their association with health. However, most public-health EQ studies have used cross-sectional, unidimensional data. We addressed these limitations using a longitudinal, multidimensional EQ measure and data on 2779 1985-2017 Panel Study of Income Dynamics respondents. First, using a multichannel sequence-analysis approach, we identified gender-specific clusters of mid-career (ages 29-50) EQ trajectories based on respondents' employment stability, material rewards, working-time arrangements, collective organization, and power relations. Next, we examined cross-cluster variation in respondent characteristics. Finally, we estimated the gender-specific associations between cluster-membership and post-sequence-analysis-period prevalence of poor/fair self-rated health (SRH) and moderate mental illness (Kessler-K6≥5). We identified five clusters among women and seven among men. Respondents in poor-EQ clusters were disproportionately people of color and less-educated; they also tended to report worse health. For example, among women, the prevalence of poor/fair SRH and moderate mental illness was lowest among standard-employment-relationship-like-non-union workers and the becoming self-employed, and greatest among minimally-attached, returning-to-the-labor-force, and precariously-employed workers. Meanwhile, among men, the prevalence of the outcomes was lowest among stably-high-wage workers and the wealthy self-employed, and greatest among exiting-the-labor-force and precariously-employed workers. Given the potential role of EQ in health inequities, researchers and practitioners should consider EQ in their work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Eisenberg-Guyot
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Trevor Peckham
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah B Andrea
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vanessa Oddo
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Noah Seixas
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anjum Hajat
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sagaon-Teyssier L, Kamissoko A, Yattassaye A, Diallo F, Rojas Castro D, Delabre R, Pouradier F, Maradan G, Bourrelly M, Cissé M, Vidal L, Keïta BD, Spire B. Assessment of mental health outcomes and associated factors among workers in community-based HIV care centers in the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in Mali. HEALTH POLICY OPEN 2020; 1:100017. [PMID: 33083785 PMCID: PMC7560258 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malian healthcare workers presented mental disorders in the early stage of COVID-19. Nurses were at lower risk of mental health disorders than other worker categories. Women were at greater risk of mental health disorders than men. A lack of protection equipment and nurses was associated with mental disorders.
Background and objectives In Mali, the non-governmental association (NGO) ARCAD Santé PLUS launched the CovidPrev program in response to the COVID-19 outbreak to ensure continuity of HIV care-related activities. This study aimed to identify individual and structural factors associated with mental health disorders (MHD) in the NGO’s healthcare workers (HCW) in the early stage of the outbreak. Methods Data were collected between April 6 and 11, 2020 for 135 HCW in ARCAD Santé PLUS’s 18 community-based HIV care centers. Outcomes corresponded to the PHQ-9, GAD-7 and ISI instruments for depression, anxiety and insomnia, respectively. A general mixture model with a negative binomial distribution was implemented. Results Most HCW were men (60.7%) and median age was 40 years IQR[33-46]. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and insomnia were declared by 71.9, 73.3, and 77% participants, respectively. Women were at greater risk of MHD. A lack of personal protection equipment and human resources, especially nurses, was associated with a high risk of MHD. Conclusions Health policy must place non-front line HCW, including those in NGOs, at the core of the healthcare system response to the COVID-19 outbreak, as they ensure continuity of care for many diseases including HIV. The efficacy of public health strategies depends on the capacity of HCW to fully with and competently perform their duties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Sagaon-Teyssier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France.,ARCAD Santé PLUS, Bamako, Mali
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Rojas Castro
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France.,Coalition PLUS, Community-based Research Laboratory, Pantin, France
| | - Rosemary Delabre
- Coalition PLUS, Community-based Research Laboratory, Pantin, France
| | - Fabrice Pouradier
- Pôle Médecines et structures d'urgence, Hôpital Simone Veil, Eaubonne, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Maradan
- ORS PACA, Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Bourrelly
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | | | - Laurent Vidal
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bruno Spire
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Evans-Polce RJ, Jang BJ, Maggs JL, Patrick ME. Gender and age differences in the associations between family social roles and excessive alcohol use. Soc Sci Med 2019; 244:112664. [PMID: 31726267 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial social roles are known to have important links with both acute and chronic excessive alcohol use. However, whether and how these links vary across adulthood and by gender is not well understood and would provide insight into populations most at risk for excessive alcohol use. METHODS This study used data from those ages 18 to 60 in the National Epidemiologic Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III survey (N=28,475). We examined the gender- and age-varying associations of current marital status (married vs. divorced/separated vs. never married) and parental status (parent vs. not) with acute (binge drinking) and chronic (exceeding weekly drinking guidelines) excessive alcohol use using time-varying effect modelling. RESULTS Both marital and parental statuses were inversely associated with acute and chronic excessive alcohol use at most ages, however the magnitude of these associations and gender differences in these associations varied by age. There were greater differences between adults who were married vs. never married and parents vs. not in excessive alcohol use during young adulthood as compared to later adulthood. The association of parental status with acute excessive alcohol use was stronger for women compared to men in young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Gender and age should be considered when examining risk and protective factors, particularly in examining the role of parenthood in acute excessive alcohol use. These findings will help target populations most at risk for chronic and acute excessive alcohol use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Evans-Polce
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Bohyun Joy Jang
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health and Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|