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Ashok G, Basu S, Priyamvada P, Anbarasu A, Chintala S, Ramaiah S. Coinfections in human papillomavirus associated cancers and prophylactic recommendations. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2524. [PMID: 38375992 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is responsible for more than 80% of reported cervical cancer and other virus-associated tumours. Although this global threat can be controlled using effective vaccination strategies, a growing perturbation of HPV infection is an emerging coinfection likely to increase the severity of the infection in humans. Moreover, these coinfections prolong the HPV infections, thereby risking the chances for oncogenic progression. The present review consolidated the clinically significant microbial coinfections/co-presence associated with HPV and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We discussed the gaps and concerns associated with demography, present vaccination strategies, and other prophylactic limitations. We concluded our review by highlighting the potential clinical as well as emerging computational intervention measures to kerb down HPV-associated severities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Ashok
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumya Basu
- Department of Biotechnology, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, NIST University, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | | | - Anand Anbarasu
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Chintala
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sudha Ramaiah
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Hussein I, Vänskä S, Sivelä J, Leino T, Nohynek H. Factors associated with parental Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination intention of daughter: A national survey in Finland. Vaccine 2024; 42:701-712. [PMID: 38172018 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are offered free of charge in Finland to 10-12-year-old children. Nationally about 80% of girls are vaccinated, with regional differences in first dose coverage varying from 62% to 82% in girls born in 2011. This study examined the factors associated with HPV vaccination intention. Furthermore, we assessed the realisation of HPV vaccination among the daughters of the participating parents. METHODS A web-based survey was conducted for randomly selected parents of girls (N = 6 465) aged 10 to 14 years of age. Data was collected in February and March 2022 in five Finnish high and low coverage municipalities. The national vaccination register was employed to assess realisation of vaccination. RESULTS Participation rate was 13.7% (n = 883 parents). Almost all parents were aware of the association between HPV and cervical cancer, but only one fifth was aware of other diseases associated with HPV. Adherence to the national vaccination programme, parents' mother tongue, and trusting in official information were associated with positive vaccination intention. The most often reported reason for non-vaccination was fear of adverse effects (22%). Overall, parental attitudes towards HPV vaccination were positive, with 83% of parents indicating their daughter had received or will receive the vaccination. Vaccination realisation was subsequently examined and 88% of the daughters were vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS Despite low knowledge of HPV-related diseases overall, majority of parents held a positive intention to vaccinate their daughter. Realisation of intention was high in our study, higher than the national uptake. Foreign-origin parents had lower intention to vaccinate their daughters. As information on HPV and its vaccine is available in 11 languages, there is a need to re-think accessibility. In-depth interviews are needed to better explore the reasons behind non-vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idil Hussein
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland; Doctoral Programme in Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Simopekka Vänskä
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Sivelä
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuija Leino
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Nohynek
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccinations, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
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3
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Ruggeri K, Vanderslott S, Yamada Y, Argyris YA, Većkalov B, Boggio PS, Fallah MP, Stock F, Hertwig R. Behavioural interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy driven by misinformation on social media. BMJ 2024; 384:e076542. [PMID: 38228339 PMCID: PMC10789192 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ruggeri
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Samantha Vanderslott
- Vaccines and Society Unit, Oxford Vaccine Group, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Young Anna Argyris
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Bojana Većkalov
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paulo Sergio Boggio
- Cognitive and Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mosoka P Fallah
- Saving Lives and Livelihoods, Africa Center for Disease Control, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Friederike Stock
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Hertwig
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Garg A, Nyitray AG, Roberts JR, Shungu N, Ruggiero KJ, Chandler J, Damgacioglu H, Zhu Y, Brownstein NC, Sterba KR, Deshmukh AA, Sonawane K. Consumption of Health-Related Videos and Human Papillomavirus Awareness: Cross-Sectional Analyses of a US National Survey and YouTube From the Urban-Rural Context. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e49749. [PMID: 38224476 PMCID: PMC10825763 DOI: 10.2196/49749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 70% of Americans use the internet as their first source of information for health-related questions. Contemporary data on the consumption of web-based videos containing health information among American adults by urbanity or rurality is currently unavailable, and its link with health topic awareness, particularly for human papillomavirus (HPV), is not known. OBJECTIVE We aim to describe trends and patterns in the consumption of health-related videos on social media from an urban-rural context, examine the association between exposure to health-related videos on social media and awareness of health topics (ie, HPV and HPV vaccine), and understand public interest in HPV-related video content through search terms and engagement analytics. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the US Health Information National Trends Survey 6, a nationally representative survey that collects data from civilian, noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years or older residing in the United States. Bivariable analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of consumption of health-related videos on social media among US adults overall and by urbanity or rurality. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the consumption of health-related videos and HPV awareness among urban and rural adults. To provide additional context on the public's interest in HPV-specific video content, we examined search volumes (quantitative) and related query searches (qualitative) for the terms "HPV" and "HPV vaccine" on YouTube. RESULTS In 2022, 59.6% of US adults (152.3 million) consumed health-related videos on social media, an increase of nearly 100% from 2017 to 2022. Prevalence increased among adults living in both urban (from 31.4% in 2017 to 59.8% in 2022; P<.001) and rural (from 22.4% in 2017 to 58% in 2022; P<.001) regions. Within the urban and rural groups, consumption of health-related videos on social media was most prevalent among adults aged between 18 and 40 years and college graduates or higher-educated adults. Among both urban and rural groups, adults who consumed health-related videos had a significantly higher probability of being aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine compared with those who did not watch health videos on the internet. The term "HPV" was more frequently searched on YouTube compared with "HPV vaccine." Individuals were most commonly searching for videos that covered content about the HPV vaccine, HPV in males, and side effects of the HPV vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of health-related videos on social media in the United States increased dramatically between 2017 and 2022. The rise was prominent among both urban and rural adults. Watching a health-related video on social media was associated with a greater probability of being aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine. Additional research on designing and developing social media strategies is needed to increase public awareness of health topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvita Garg
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Alan G Nyitray
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, IL, United States
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, IL, United States
| | - James R Roberts
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nicholas Shungu
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Jessica Chandler
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Applications Center for Healthful Lifestyles, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Haluk Damgacioglu
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Yenan Zhu
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Katherine R Sterba
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ashish A Deshmukh
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Kalyani Sonawane
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States
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Yang X, Shi N, Liu C, Zhang J, Miao R, Jin H. Relationship between vaccine hesitancy and vaccination behaviors: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Vaccine 2024; 42:99-110. [PMID: 38081754 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is crucial for prevention of infectious diseases, and identification of the impact of vaccine hesitancy on vaccination programs is crucial for early intervention and formulation of policies to alleviate vaccine hesitancy. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the relationship between vaccine hesitancy and negative vaccination behavior globally. METHODS We searched for observational studies in various databases. We conducted a meta-analysis using pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI), performed meta regression and subgroup analysis to explore the role factors such as location and individual characteristics on the association between vaccine hesitancy and vaccination behavior. RESULTS A total of 46 articles were included in systematic analysis and 34 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The systematic analysis comprised 162,601 samples, whereas the meta-analysis included 147,554 samples. The meta-analysis showed that a higher rate of vaccine hesitancy was associated with an increased likelihood of adverse vaccination behaviors (all adverse behaviors: OR = 1.50, 95 % CI, 1.33-1.70, P < 0.001; unvaccinated: OR = 1.48, 95 % CI, 1.29-1.70, P < 0.001; vaccine delay: OR = 2.61, 95 % CI, 1.97-3.44, P < 0.001). The meta-regression results indicated that the heterogeneity observed was mainly from sample selection methods, age of vaccinees and the health status of participants. The results showed that parents of minor vaccinees or without high-risk health status had a higher association between vaccine hesitancy and vaccine uptake compared with populations exposed to higher health risks or adult vaccinees. CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence on the association between vaccine hesitancy and adverse vaccination behaviors. The results showed that these population-specific factors should be considered in future research, and during formulation of interventions and implementation of policies to improve vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Naiyang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiarong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruishuai Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Rodrigues F, Ziade N, Jatuworapruk K, Caballero-Uribe CV, Khursheed T, Gupta L. The Impact of Social Media on Vaccination: A Narrative Review. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e326. [PMID: 37846789 PMCID: PMC10578995 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy poses a significant global health challenge, fueled by misinformation and anti-vaccination campaigns on social media platforms (SMPs). This study examines the influence of social media on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and non-COVID-19 vaccination in Asia during the peri-pandemic period. Through a comprehensive analysis of available literature, we aim to elucidate the role of SMPs in shaping vaccination attitudes and behaviors. The findings highlight the detrimental impact of social media on vaccination efforts and provide insights into addressing vaccine hesitancy during this critical period. A narrative review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from inception to May 26, 2022. Only English-language articles involving human participants from Asian countries were included in this review. Out of the 228 articles identified through the database search, 14 articles were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in Asian countries was found to be high, ranging from 20% to 55% across countries. Notably, reliance on SMPs for vaccine-related information was associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This trend coincided with the proliferation of misinformation and conspiracy theories that portrayed COVID-19 vaccines as harmful during the pandemic. Similar patterns were observed for other types of vaccines, including polio, measles mumps and rubella, and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines. The use of SMPs was also found to be associated with increased fear among caregivers in Asian countries, as well as a 3-4 times higher likelihood of delayed immunization. SMPs negatively impact vaccine intent in Asia due to misinformation and anti-vaccination campaigns during the pandemic. However, they can be a powerful tool for healthcare providers and policymakers to promote informed decision-making. Efforts should focus on leveraging SMPs to disseminate reliable information and combat hesitancy, fostering a well-informed and vaccinated population in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flinta Rodrigues
- Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nelly Ziade
- Rheumatology Department, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Rheumatology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kanon Jatuworapruk
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Tayyeba Khursheed
- Department of Rheumatology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Latika Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
- City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Adjei Boakye E, Nair M, Abouelella DK, Joseph CL, Gerend MA, Subramaniam DS, Osazuwa-Peters N. Trends in Reasons for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy: 2010-2020. Pediatrics 2023; 151:e2022060410. [PMID: 37218460 PMCID: PMC10233736 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-060410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to identify trends in the main reasons United States parents of unvaccinated children gave for not intending to vaccinate their adolescent children against HPV from 2010 to 2020. As interventions designed to increase vaccine uptake have been implemented across the United States, we predicted that reasons for hesitancy have changed over this period. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2010 to 2020 National Immunization Survey-Teen, which included 119 695 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Joinpoint regression estimated yearly changes in the top five cited reasons for not intending to vaccinate using annual percentage changes. RESULTS The five most frequently cited reasons for not intending to vaccinate included "not necessary," "safety concerns," "lack of recommendation," "lack of knowledge," and "not sexually active." Overall, parental HPV vaccine hesitancy decreased by 5.5% annually between 2010 and 2012 and then remained stable for the 9-year period of 2012 through 2020. The proportion of parents citing "safety or side effects" as a reason for vaccine hesitancy increased significantly by 15.6% annually from 2010 to 2018. The proportion of parents citing "not recommended," "lack of knowledge," or "child not sexually active" as reasons for vaccine hesitancy decreased significantly by 6.8%, 9.9%, and 5.9% respectively per year between 2013 and 2020. No significant changes were observed for parents citing "not necessary." CONCLUSIONS Parents who cited vaccine safety as a reason for not intending to vaccinate their adolescent children against HPV increased over time. Findings support efforts to address parental safety concerns surrounding HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Adjei Boakye
- Departments of Public Health Sciences
- Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Dina K Abouelella
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Mary A. Gerend
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Divya S. Subramaniam
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research
- Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Morales-Campos DY, Zimet GD, Kahn JA. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States. Pediatr Clin North Am 2023; 70:211-226. [PMID: 36841591 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Although the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends vaccinating adolescents against the human papillomavirus (HPV) to prevent HPV-associated cancers, vaccine initiation and completion rates are suboptimal. Parental and provider hesitancy contributes significantly to low HPV vaccine uptake. This review describes sources of HPV vaccine hesitancy using a World Health Organization framework that categorizes determinants of vaccine hesitancy as follows: contextual factors (historical, sociocultural, environmental, or political factors), individual and group factors (personal perception or influences of the social/peer environment), and vaccine/vaccination-specific issues (directly related to vaccine or vaccination).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y Morales-Campos
- Department of Mexican American and Latino/a Studies, Latino Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 210 West 24th Street, GWB 1.102, F9200, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th Street, HS 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jessica A Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 4000, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Khadafi R, Nurmandi A, Qodir Z, Misran. Hashtag as a new weapon to resist the COVID-19 vaccination policy: a qualitative study of the anti-vaccine movement in Brazil, USA, and Indonesia. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2042135. [PMID: 35240923 PMCID: PMC9009927 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2042135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) named the anti-vaccine movement one of the top 10 global health threats. This trend has shown that it can diminish public faith in government and increase public distrust of scientific results in the health sector, including the use of the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study is to examine the anti-vaccine movement on Twitter social media platform, which uses Hashtag to protest vaccination regulations in the COVID-19 pandemic. The content analysis, relationship analysis, and word cloud analysis models were used in this study, which used a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data source for this study is Hashtag, which are used to focus on three aspects. First, establish which information in Brazil, the United States, and Indonesia leads the anti-vaccine COVID-19 narrative. Second, how does the Hashtag link between each country work? Third, which narrative dominates the use of Hashtag in each of the three countries? According to the findings of this study, in Brazil, 69.2% of Twitter Hashtag associated to the COVID-19 vaccination were negative, compared to 59.4% in the USA and 62.8% in Indonesia. In general, the Hashtag used in the three countries to oppose COVID-19 vaccination policies have a clear and significant relationship. In Brazil, the Hashtag #covidiots was the most popular, while in the United States, #covivaccine was the most popular, and in Indonesia, #antivaccine was the most popular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizal Khadafi
- Departement of Islamic Politics - Political Science, Muhammadiyah University Yogyakarta, Bantul, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Nurmandi
- Departement of Islamic Politics - Political Science, Muhammadiyah University Yogyakarta, Bantul, Indonesia
| | - Zuly Qodir
- Departement of Islamic Politics - Political Science, Muhammadiyah University Yogyakarta, Bantul, Indonesia
| | - Misran
- Departement of Islamic Politics - Political Science, Muhammadiyah University Yogyakarta, Bantul, Indonesia
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10
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Thompson EL, Preston SM, Francis JKR, Rodriguez SA, Pruitt SL, Blackwell JM, Tiro JA. Social Media Perceptions and Internet Verification Skills Associated With Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Decision-Making Among Parents of Children and Adolescents: Cross-sectional Survey. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2022; 5:e38297. [PMID: 36103216 PMCID: PMC9520398 DOI: 10.2196/38297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for children aged 11-12 years in the United States. One factor that may contribute to low national HPV vaccine uptake is parental exposure to misinformation on social media. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between parents' perceptions of the HPV vaccine information on social media and internet verification strategies used with the HPV vaccine decision-making stage for their child. METHODS Parents of children and adolescents aged 9-17 years were recruited for a cross-sectional survey in North Texas (n=1192) and classified into 3 groups: children and adolescents who (1) were vaccinated, (2) unvaccinated and did not want the vaccine, and (3) unvaccinated and wanted the vaccine. Multinomial logistic regression models were estimated to identify factors associated with the HPV vaccine decision-making stage with children and adolescents who were vaccinated as the referent group. RESULTS Of the 1192 respondents, 44.7% (n=533) had an HPV-vaccinated child, 38.8% (n=463) had an unvaccinated child and did not want the vaccine, and 16.4% (n=196) had an unvaccinated child and wanted the vaccine. Respondents were less likely to be "undecided/not wanting the vaccine" if they agreed that HPV information on social media is credible (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.40, 95% CI 0.26-0.60; P=.001), disagreed that social media makes them question the HPV vaccine (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.33; P<.001), or had a higher internet verification score (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.88; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Interventions that promote web-based health literacy skills are needed so parents can protect their families from misinformation and make informed health care decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L Thompson
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Sharice M Preston
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jenny K R Francis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Children's Health, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Serena A Rodriguez
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sandi L Pruitt
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - James-Michael Blackwell
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jasmin A Tiro
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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11
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Bhagavathula AS, Massey PM. Google Trends on Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Searches in the United States From 2010 to 2021: Infodemiology Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e37656. [PMID: 36036972 PMCID: PMC9468915 DOI: 10.2196/37656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for adolescents and young adults to prevent HPV-related cancers and genital warts. However, HPV vaccine uptake among the target age groups is suboptimal. Objective The aim of this infodemiology study was to examine public online searches in the United States related to the HPV vaccine from January 2010 to December 2021. Methods Google Trends (GT) was used to explore online searches related to the HPV vaccine from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021. Online searches and queries on the HPV vaccine were investigated using relative search volumes (RSVs). Analysis of variance was performed to investigate quarterly differences in HPV vaccine searches in each year from 2010 to 2021. A joinpoint regression was used to identify statistically significant changes over time; the α level was set to .05. Results The year-wise online search volume related to the HPV vaccine increased from 2010 to 2021, often following federal changes related to vaccine administration. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that HPV vaccine searches significantly increased on average by 8.6% (95% CI 5.9%-11.4%) across each year from 2010 to 2021. Moreover, HPV vaccine searches demonstrated a similar pattern across years, with search interest increasing through August nearly every year. At the state level, the highest 12-year mean RSV was observed in California (59.9, SD 14.3) and the lowest was observed in Wyoming (17.4, SD 8.5) during the period of 2010-2021. Conclusions Online searches related to the HPV vaccine increased by an average of 8.6% across each year from 2010 to 2021, with noticeable spikes corresponding to key changes in vaccine recommendations. We identified patterns across years and differences at the state level in the online search interest related to the HPV vaccine. Public health organizations can use GT as a tool to characterize the public interest in and promote the HPV vaccine in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
- Center for Public Health and Technology, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Philip M Massey
- Center for Public Health and Technology, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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12
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Exploring content of misinformation about HPV vaccine on twitter. J Behav Med 2022; 46:239-252. [PMID: 35896853 PMCID: PMC9328646 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Although social media can be a source of guidance about HPV vaccination for parents, the information may not always be complete or accurate. We conducted a retrospective content analysis to identify content and frequencies of occurrence of disinformation and misinformation about HPV vaccine posted on Twitter between December 15, 2019, through March 31, 2020, among 3876 unique, English language #HPV Tweets, excluding retweets. We found that 24% of Tweets contained disinformation or misinformation, and the remaining 76% contained support/education. The most prevalent categories of disinformation/misinformation were (1) adverse health effects (59%), (2) mandatory vaccination (19%), and (3) inefficacy of the vaccine (14%). Among the adverse health effects Tweets, non-specific harm/injury (51%) and death (23%) were most frequent. Disinformation/misinformation Tweets vs. supportive Tweets had 5.44 (95% CI 5.33–5.56) times the incidence rate of retweet. In conclusion, almost one-quarter of #HPV Tweets contained disinformation or misinformation about the HPV vaccine and these tweets received higher audience engagement including likes and retweets. Implications for vaccine hesitancy are discussed.
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13
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Park E, Kim S, Cameron GT. Immunize the HPV Vaccine Rumors: Effects of Inoculation Messages and Tone of Voice on Parental Intention to Vaccinate Their Children. J Community Health 2022; 47:790-799. [PMID: 35727435 PMCID: PMC9210795 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop an effective health communication strategy to guide the decision-making process of parents considering getting their children HPV vaccines. Using inoculation theory and findings on tone of voice as theoretical frameworks, the present study conducted a 2 (message type: inoculation vs. supportive) × 2 (tone of voice: human voice vs. organizational voice) mixed experiment with a total of 231 U.S. parents (either mother or father of a child eligible for the HPV vaccine). The results revealed that HPV vaccination promotions based on the inoculation message were more likely to generate positive attitudes toward the vaccination, higher intention to vaccinate their children, and higher intention to spread positive word of mouth (WOM) about HPV vaccination. Also, HPV vaccination promotions in the human voice were likely to increase the WOM intention more than those in the organizational voice. In regard to an interaction effect, human voice turned out to be more effective than organizational voice to generate the WOM intention when it comes to supportive messages; inoculation-based messages were similarly effective across the human and the organizational voice condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunHae Park
- The School of Journalism and Strategic Communication, Ball State University, 2000 W University Ave, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA.
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Glen T Cameron
- Missouri School of Journalism, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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14
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Olagoke A, Caskey R, Floyd B, Hebert-Beirne J, Boyd A, Molina Y. The interdependent roles of the psychosocial predictors of human papillomavirus vaccination among Christian parents of unvaccinated adolescents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5433-5438. [PMID: 34856881 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2006027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, uptake has been sub-optimal among certain religious groups. Psychosocial factors (threat appraisal, coping appraisal, and attitudes) have been identified as independent determinants of HPV vaccination. However, their interdependent effects have not been tested. We examined the interdependency of these psychosocial factors in predicting HPV vaccination intention among Christian parents of unvaccinated adolescents (using a theory-driven conceptual model). A cross-sectional study of 342 participants showed that perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.2, 0.11-0.29, p = <0.0001) and perceived response efficacy of HPV vaccine (β = 0.65, 0.53-0.77. p < .0001) were positively associated with vaccination intention. Our mediation analysis (using the Preachers and Hayes' approach) shows that attitudes toward HPV vaccination mediated 59% of the relationship between perceived self-efficacy to vaccinate child and HPV vaccination intention; and 61% of the relationship between perceived response efficacy of HPV vaccine and HPV vaccination intention. Attitudes may be the psychosocial factor that drives the effects of coping appraisal. Therefore, designing an attitude-based intervention to address religious barrier beliefs among Christian parents may nullify the impact of low self-efficacy and response efficacy on HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayokunle Olagoke
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel Caskey
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Sections of General Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Chicago Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brenikki Floyd
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Hebert-Beirne
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Boyd
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yamilé Molina
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,Chicago Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.,College of Medicine, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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15
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Evans S, Klas A, Mikocka-Walus A, German B, Rogers G, Ling M, Fernando J, Kothe E, Westrupp E. "Poison" or "protection"? A mixed methods exploration of Australian parents' COVID-19 vaccination intentions. J Psychosom Res 2021; 150:110626. [PMID: 34583017 PMCID: PMC8503786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The success of COVID-19 vaccination programs relies on community attitudes, yet little is known about parents' views. We aimed to explore the reasons behind Australian parents' vaccine intentions for themselves and for their children. METHOD This mixed methods study relates to Wave 13 (January 2021) of a longitudinal study of Australian parents' experiences during COVID-19 and contained 1094 participants (83% mothers). We used multinomial logistic regression to understand demographic predictors of vaccine intention, and a descriptive template thematic analysis to analyse open-ended questions about parents' reasons for vaccine intentions for themselves and their children. RESULTS 64% of Australian parents intend on vaccination, 26% are unsure and 9% intend to decline; 48% intend to vaccinate their children, 38% are unsure, and 14% intend to decline. Relative to those intending to vaccinate, parents unsure (OR = -0.63, 95% CI: 0.46, -0.84, p = .002) or not intending (OR = -0.41, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.67 p < .001) to vaccinate were more likely to have lower trust in doctors. Similar predictors emerged for parents who did not intend to vaccinate their children (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.70, p < .001). Qualitative data indicated that many parents had not made a firm decision, including a lack of alignment between intentions and reasons. For example, parents who said 'yes' to vaccination, often then expressed hesitance and a focus on risks in their written response. Reasons for hesitancy for themselves included concerns about testing, side effects, and long-term outcomes. Similar themes were present for children, but parents expressed a strong desire to protect their children, and an eagerness for health information. CONCLUSION Based on prior research and the themes identified here, a multipronged campaign that includes education/promotion, good access to vaccines and role models, is likely to support parents to make informed decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Evans
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia,Corresponding author at: School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - A. Klas
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia,Deakin University, Misinformation Lab, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - A. Mikocka-Walus
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - B. German
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - G.D. Rogers
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Ling
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia,Deakin University, Misinformation Lab, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - J.W. Fernando
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - E. Kothe
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia,Deakin University, Misinformation Lab, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia
| | - E.M. Westrupp
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Victoria, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Sonawane K, Lin YY, Damgacioglu H, Zhu Y, Fernandez ME, Montealegre JR, Cazaban CG, Li R, Lairson DR, Lin Y, Giuliano AR, Deshmukh AA. Trends in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Safety Concerns and Adverse Event Reporting in the United States. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2124502. [PMID: 34533574 PMCID: PMC8449282 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In the US, safety concern has been identified as a primary barrier to initiating the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. It is unclear if the public's sentiment concerning HPV vaccine safety aligns with postmarketing vaccine safety surveillance data. OBJECTIVE To perform a parallel assessment of trends in HPV vaccine safety concerns and HPV vaccine adverse event (AE) reporting. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the National Immunization Survey (NIS) and Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Participants in the NIS were adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. AEs were reported to VAERS by patients, health care clinicians, or other sources. Statistical analysis was performed from October 2020 to May 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Secular trends in HPV vaccine safety concerns and spontaneous AE reporting for HPV vaccination from 2015 to 2018. RESULTS Caregivers of 39 364 unvaccinated adolescents with a mean (SD) age of 15.57 (0.08) years (26 996 White adolescents [62.9%], 22 707 male adolescents [56.1%], 11 392 privately insured [62.6%], and 32 674 above the poverty level [79.3%]) reported their reasons for not initiating the HPV vaccine series in the 2015-2018 NIS. Citing safety concerns as the primary reason for not initiating the HPV vaccine series increased from 13.0% (95% CI, 12.1%-14.0%) in 2015 to 23.4% (95% CI, 21.8%-25.0%) in 2018 (P for trend < .001), equating to a change from 170 046 to 259 157 US adolescents not initiating the vaccine because of safety concerns. The proportion of parents citing safety concerns as the main reason for HPV vaccine hesitancy increased in 30 states. The largest increases (more than 200%) were observed in California, Hawaii, South Dakota, and Mississippi. During 2015 to 2018, 16 621 AE reports following HPV vaccination were reported to VAERS. The AE reporting rate per 100 000 doses distributed decreased from 44.7 in 2015 to 29.4 in 2018 (P for trend < .001). The serious AE reporting rate, including those leading to hospitalizations, disability, life-threatening condition, or death did not change. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a rise in citing safety concerns was observed among parents with HPV vaccine hesitancy, contrary to the nonserious and serious AE reporting trends. These findings suggest an urgent need to combat the rising sentiment of safety concerns among caregivers to increase HPV vaccine confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Sonawane
- Center for Healthcare Data, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
- Center for Health Services Research, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Yueh-Yun Lin
- Center for Health Services Research, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Haluk Damgacioglu
- Center for Health Services Research, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Yenan Zhu
- Center for Health Services Research, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria E Fernandez
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban
- Center for Healthcare Data, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Ruosha Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - David R Lairson
- Center for Health Services Research, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ashish A Deshmukh
- Center for Healthcare Data, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
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17
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Kateeb E, Danadneh M, Pokorná A, Klugarová J, Abdulqader H, Klugar M, Riad A. Predictors of Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine: Cross-Sectional Study of Palestinian Dental Students. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:954. [PMID: 34579190 PMCID: PMC8471090 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9090954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The overarching aim of this study was to assess the predictors related to the willingness of Palestinian dental students to receive the COVID-19 vaccine when it becomes available. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a universal sample of dental students in the Palestinian territories. Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine was related to the following factors: Demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related experiences, beliefs and knowledge about the vaccine, attitudes toward vaccinations in general, and other factors outlined by the WHO SAGE Vaccination Hesitancy Questionnaire. Four hundred and seventeen students completed the questionnaire (response rate = 41.7%). In general, 57.8% (n = 241) were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine when it became available to them, 27% (n = 114) were hesitant, and 14.9% (n = 62) were not willing to get vaccinated. The final regression model explained 46% of the variation in the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine as follows: Attitudes towards new vaccines (β = 6.23, p < 0.001), believing in a favorable risk-benefit ratio (β = 5.64, p < 0.001), trust in the pharmaceutical industry (β = 5.92, p = 0.001), believing that natural immunity is better than being vaccinated (β = -4.24, p < 0.001), and having enough information about the vaccine (β = 4.12, p < 0.001). Adequate information about vaccines, their risk-benefit ratios, and natural and acquired immunity are important to build trust and favorable attitudes towards vaccines among future dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Kateeb
- Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 51000, Palestine; (E.K.); (M.D.)
- Public Health Committee, World Dental Federation (FDI), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland
- Public Policy Center, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mayar Danadneh
- Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 51000, Palestine; (E.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Andrea Pokorná
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klugarová
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Public Health, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Huthaifa Abdulqader
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Public Health, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Abanoub Riad
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Public Health, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland;
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