1
|
Price FD, Matyas MN, Gehrke AR, Chen W, Wolin EA, Holton KM, Gibbs RM, Lee A, Singu PS, Sakakeeny JS, Poteracki JM, Goune K, Pfeiffer IT, Boswell SA, Sorger PK, Srivastava M, Pfaff KL, Gussoni E, Buchanan SM, Rubin LL. Organoid culture promotes dedifferentiation of mouse myoblasts into stem cells capable of complete muscle regeneration. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02344-7. [PMID: 39261590 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Experimental cell therapies for skeletal muscle conditions have shown little success, primarily because they use committed myogenic progenitors rather than true muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells. Here we present a method to generate in vitro-derived satellite cells (idSCs) from skeletal muscle tissue. When transplanted in small numbers into mouse muscle, mouse idSCs fuse into myofibers, repopulate the satellite cell niche, self-renew, support multiple rounds of muscle regeneration and improve force production on par with freshly isolated satellite cells in damaged skeletal muscle. We compared the epigenomic and transcriptional signatures between idSCs, myoblasts and satellite cells and used these signatures to identify core signaling pathways and genes that confer idSC functionality. Finally, from human muscle biopsies, we successfully generated satellite cell-like cells in vitro. After further development, idSCs may provide a scalable source of cells for the treatment of genetic muscle disorders, trauma-induced muscle damage and age-related muscle weakness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feodor D Price
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark N Matyas
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew R Gehrke
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William Chen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erica A Wolin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristina M Holton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Gibbs
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alice Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pooja S Singu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Sakakeeny
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James M Poteracki
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kelsey Goune
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Isabella T Pfeiffer
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah A Boswell
- Department of Systems Biology and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Department of Systems Biology and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mansi Srivastava
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen Lindahl Pfaff
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emanuela Gussoni
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and the Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean M Buchanan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lee L Rubin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Madl CM, Wang YX, Holbrook CA, Su S, Shi X, Byfield FJ, Wicki G, Flaig IA, Blau HM. Hydrogel biomaterials that stiffen and soften on demand reveal that skeletal muscle stem cells harbor a mechanical memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406787121. [PMID: 39163337 PMCID: PMC11363279 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406787121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are specialized cells that reside in adult skeletal muscle poised to repair muscle tissue. The ability of MuSCs to regenerate damaged tissues declines markedly with aging and in diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, but the underlying causes of MuSC dysfunction remain poorly understood. Both aging and disease result in dramatic increases in the stiffness of the muscle tissue microenvironment from fibrosis. MuSCs are known to lose their regenerative potential if cultured on stiff plastic substrates. We sought to determine whether MuSCs harbor a memory of their past microenvironment and if it can be overcome. We tested MuSCs in situ using dynamic hydrogel biomaterials that soften or stiffen on demand in response to light and found that freshly isolated MuSCs develop a persistent memory of substrate stiffness characterized by loss of proliferative progenitors within the first three days of culture on stiff substrates. MuSCs cultured on soft hydrogels had altered cytoskeletal organization and activity of Rho and Rac guanosine triphosphate hydrolase (GTPase) and Yes-associated protein mechanotransduction pathways compared to those on stiff hydrogels. Pharmacologic inhibition identified RhoA activation as responsible for the mechanical memory phenotype, and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a molecular signature of the mechanical memory. These studies highlight that microenvironmental stiffness regulates MuSC fate and leads to MuSC dysfunction that is not readily reversed by changing stiffness. Our results suggest that stiffness can be circumvented by targeting downstream signaling pathways to overcome stem cell dysfunction in aged and disease states with aberrant fibrotic tissue mechanics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Madl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Yu Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Colin A. Holbrook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Shiqi Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Xuechen Shi
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Fitzroy J. Byfield
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Gwendoline Wicki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Iris A. Flaig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Helen M. Blau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li F, Zhang F, Shi H, Xia H, Wei X, Liu S, Wu T, Li Y, Shu F, Chen M, Li J, Duan R. Aerobic exercise suppresses CCN2 secretion from senescent muscle stem cells and boosts muscle regeneration in aged mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38925632 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging negatively impacts tissue repair, particularly in skeletal muscle, where the regenerative capacity of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) diminishes with age. Although aerobic exercise is known to attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy, its specific impact on the regenerative and repair capacity of MuSCs remains unclear. METHODS Mice underwent moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) from 9 months (aged + Ex-9M) or 20 months (aged + Ex-20M) to 25 months, with age-matched (aged) and adult controls. Histological examinations and MuSC transplantation assays assessed aerobic exercise effects on MuSC function and muscle regeneration. CCN2/connective tissue growth factor modulation (overexpression and knockdown) in MuSCs and AICAR supplementation effects were explored. RESULTS Aged mice displayed significantly reduced running duration (65.33 ± 4.32 vs. 161.9 ± 1.29 min, mean ± SD, P < 0.001) and distance (659.17 ± 103.64 vs. 3058.28 ± 46.26 m, P < 0.001) compared with adults. This reduction was accompanied by skeletal muscle weight loss and decreased myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA). However, MICT initiated at 9 or 20 months led to a marked increase in running duration (142.75 ± 3.14 and 133.86 ± 20.47 min, respectively, P < 0.001 compared with aged mice) and distance (2347.58 ± 145.11 and 2263 ± 643.87 m, respectively, P < 0.001). Additionally, MICT resulted in increased skeletal muscle weight and enhanced CSA. In a muscle injury model, aged mice exhibited fewer central nuclear fibres (CNFs; 266.35 ± 68.66/mm2), while adult, aged + Ex-9M and aged + Ex-20M groups showed significantly higher CNF counts (610.82 ± 46.76, 513.42 ± 47.19 and 548.29 ± 71.82/mm2, respectively; P < 0.001 compared with aged mice). MuSCs isolated from aged mice displayed increased CCN2 expression, which was effectively suppressed by MICT. Transplantation of MuSCs overexpressing CCN2 (Lenti-CCN2, Lenti-CON as control) into injured tibialis anterior muscle compromised regeneration capacity, resulting in significantly fewer CNFs in the Lenti-CCN2 group compared with Lenti-CON (488.07 ± 27.63 vs. 173.99 ± 14.28/mm2, P < 0.001) at 7 days post-injury (dpi). Conversely, knockdown of CCN2 (Lenti-CCN2shR, Lenti-NegsiR as control) in aged MuSCs improved regeneration capacity, significantly increasing the CNF count from 254.5 ± 26.36 to 560.39 ± 48.71/mm2. Lenti-CCN2 MuSCs also increased fibroblast proliferation and exacerbated skeletal muscle fibrosis, while knockdown of CCN2 in aged MuSCs mitigated this pattern. AICAR supplementation, mimicking exercise, replicated the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise by mitigating muscle weight decline, enhancing satellite cell activity and reducing fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise effectively reverses the decline in endurance capacity and mitigates muscle atrophy in aged mice. It inhibits CCN2 secretion from senescent MuSCs, thereby enhancing skeletal muscle regeneration and preventing fibrosis in aged mice. AICAR supplementation mimics the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fulong Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Haiwang Shi
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Honglin Xia
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaobei Wei
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuecheng Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Shu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu F, Cao Y, Wang X, Zhang K, Li N, Su Y, Zhang Y, Meng Q. Islr regulates satellite cells asymmetric division through the SPARC/p-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23534. [PMID: 38597911 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302614r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs) are adult muscle stem cells responsible for muscle regeneration after acute and chronic muscle injuries. The balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation determines the kinetics and efficiency of skeletal muscle regeneration. This study assessed the function of Islr in SC asymmetric division. The deletion of Islr reduced muscle regeneration in adult mice by decreasing the SC pool. Islr is pivotal for SC proliferation, and its deletion promoted the asymmetric division of SCs. A mechanistic search revealed that Islr bound to and degraded secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), which activated p-ERK1/2 signaling required for asymmetric division. These findings demonstrate that Islr is a key regulator of SC division through the SPARC/p-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These data provide a basis for treating myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Su
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Robertson R, Li S, Filippelli RL, Chang NC. Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:83-121. [PMID: 38670717 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are crucial to the repair and homeostasis of mature skeletal muscle. MuSC dysfunction and dysregulation of the myogenic program can contribute to the development of pathology ranging from cancers like rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) or muscle degenerative diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Both diseases exhibit dysregulation at nearly all steps of myogenesis. For instance, MuSC self-renewal processes are altered. In RMS, this leads to the creation of tumor propagating cells. In DMD, impaired asymmetric stem cell division creates a bias towards producing self-renewing stem cells instead of committing to differentiation. Hyperproliferation of these cells contribute to tumorigenesis in RMS and symmetric expansion of the self-renewing MuSC population in DMD. Both diseases also exhibit a repression of factors involved in terminal differentiation, halting RMS cells in the proliferative stage and thus driving tumor growth. Conversely, the MuSCs in DMD exhibit impaired differentiation and fuse prematurely, affecting myonuclei maturation and the integrity of the dystrophic muscle fiber. Finally, both disease states cause alterations to the MuSC niche. Various elements of the niche such as inflammatory and migratory signaling that impact MuSC behavior are dysregulated. Here we show how these seemingly distantly related diseases indeed have similarities in MuSC dysfunction, underlying the importance of considering MuSCs when studying the pathophysiology of muscle diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shulei Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Romina L Filippelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natasha C Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eames A, Chandrasekaran S. Leveraging metabolic modeling and machine learning to uncover modulators of quiescence depth. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae013. [PMID: 38292544 PMCID: PMC10825626 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence, a temporary withdrawal from the cell cycle, plays a key role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Quiescence is increasingly viewed as a continuum between shallow and deep quiescence, reflecting different potentials to proliferate. The depth of quiescence is altered in a range of diseases and during aging. Here, we leveraged genome-scale metabolic modeling (GEM) to define the metabolic and epigenetic changes that take place with quiescence deepening. We discovered contrasting changes in lipid catabolism and anabolism and diverging trends in histone methylation and acetylation. We then built a multi-cell type machine learning model that accurately predicts quiescence depth in diverse biological contexts. Using both machine learning and genome-scale flux simulations, we performed high-throughput screening of chemical and genetic modulators of quiescence and identified novel small molecule and genetic modulators with relevance to cancer and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alec Eames
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sriram Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Endo Y, Zhu C, Giunta E, Guo C, Koh DJ, Sinha I. The Role of Hypoxia and Hypoxia Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Physiology. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2200300. [PMID: 37817370 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and hypoxia signaling play an integral role in regulating skeletal muscle physiology. Environmental hypoxia and tissue hypoxia in muscles cue for their appropriate physiological response and adaptation, and cause an array of cellular and metabolic changes. In addition, muscle stem cells (satellite cells), exist in a hypoxic state, and this intrinsic hypoxic state correlates with their quiescence and stemness. The mechanisms of hypoxia-mediated regulation of satellite cells and myogenesis are yet to be characterized, and their seemingly contradicting effects reported leave their exact roles somewhat perplexing. This review summarizes the recent findings on the effect of hypoxia and hypoxia signaling on the key aspects of muscle physiology, namely, stem cell maintenance and myogenesis with a particular attention given to distinguish the intrinsic versus local hypoxia in an attempt to better understand their respective regulatory roles and how their relationship affects the overall response. This review further describes their mechanistic links and their possible implications on the relevant pathologies and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christina Zhu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Elena Giunta
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Cynthia Guo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Daniel J Koh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Whitlock JM. Muscle Progenitor Cell Fusion in the Maintenance of Skeletal Muscle. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 71:257-279. [PMID: 37996682 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a resident, multipotent stem cell population that is essential for its repair and maintenance throughout life. Here I highlight the role of this stem cell population in muscle repair and regeneration and review the genetic control of the process; the mechanistic steps of activation, migration, recognition, adhesion, and fusion of these cells; and discuss the novel recognition of the membrane signaling that coordinates myogenic cell-cell fusion, as well as the identification of a two-part fusogen system that facilitates it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarred M Whitlock
- Section on Membrane Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shrive National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cordeiro-Spinetti E, Rothbart SB. Lysine methylation signaling in skeletal muscle biology: from myogenesis to clinical insights. Biochem J 2023; 480:1969-1986. [PMID: 38054592 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysine methylation signaling is well studied for its key roles in the regulation of transcription states through modifications on histone proteins. While histone lysine methylation has been extensively studied, recent discoveries of lysine methylation on thousands of non-histone proteins has broadened our appreciation for this small chemical modification in the regulation of protein function. In this review, we highlight the significance of histone and non-histone lysine methylation signaling in skeletal muscle biology, spanning development, maintenance, regeneration, and disease progression. Furthermore, we discuss potential future implications for its roles in skeletal muscle biology as well as clinical applications for the treatment of skeletal muscle-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott B Rothbart
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Endo T. Postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis governed by signal transduction networks: MAPKs and PI3K-Akt control multiple steps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:223-243. [PMID: 37826946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis represents one of the most intensively and extensively examined systems of cell differentiation, tissue formation, and regeneration. Muscle regeneration provides an in vivo model system of postnatal myogenesis. It comprises multiple steps including muscle stem cell (or satellite cell) quiescence, activation, migration, myogenic determination, myoblast proliferation, myocyte differentiation, myofiber maturation, and hypertrophy. A variety of extracellular signaling and subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathways or networks govern the individual steps of postnatal myogenesis. Among them, MAPK pathways (the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK5 pathways) and PI3K-Akt signaling regulate multiple steps of myogenesis. Ca2+, cytokine, and Wnt signaling also participate in several myogenesis steps. These signaling pathways often control cell cycle regulatory proteins or the muscle-specific MyoD family and the MEF2 family of transcription factors. This article comprehensively reviews molecular mechanisms of the individual steps of postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis by focusing on signal transduction pathways or networks. Nevertheless, no or only a partial signaling molecules or pathways have been identified in some responses during myogenesis. The elucidation of these unidentified signaling molecules and pathways leads to an extensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of myogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Endo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mavrommatis L, Jeong HW, Kindler U, Gomez-Giro G, Kienitz MC, Stehling M, Psathaki OE, Zeuschner D, Bixel MG, Han D, Morosan-Puopolo G, Gerovska D, Yang JH, Kim JB, Arauzo-Bravo MJ, Schwamborn JC, Hahn SA, Adams RH, Schöler HR, Vorgerd M, Brand-Saberi B, Zaehres H. Human skeletal muscle organoids model fetal myogenesis and sustain uncommitted PAX7 myogenic progenitors. eLife 2023; 12:RP87081. [PMID: 37963071 PMCID: PMC10645425 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro culture systems that structurally model human myogenesis and promote PAX7+ myogenic progenitor maturation have not been established. Here we report that human skeletal muscle organoids can be differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cell lines to contain paraxial mesoderm and neuromesodermal progenitors and develop into organized structures reassembling neural plate border and dermomyotome. Culture conditions instigate neural lineage arrest and promote fetal hypaxial myogenesis toward limb axial anatomical identity, with generation of sustainable uncommitted PAX7 myogenic progenitors and fibroadipogenic (PDGFRa+) progenitor populations equivalent to those from the second trimester of human gestation. Single-cell comparison to human fetal and adult myogenic progenitor /satellite cells reveals distinct molecular signatures for non-dividing myogenic progenitors in activated (CD44High/CD98+/MYOD1+) and dormant (PAX7High/FBN1High/SPRY1High) states. Our approach provides a robust 3D in vitro developmental system for investigating muscle tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lampros Mavrommatis
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular EmbryologyBochumGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyMünsterGermany
- Department of Neurology with Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, University Hospital BergmannsheilBochumGermany
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Sequencing Core FacilityMünsterGermany
| | - Urs Kindler
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular EmbryologyBochumGermany
| | - Gemma Gomez-Giro
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, LCSB, Developmental and Cellular Biology, University of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Marie-Cecile Kienitz
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Department of Cellular PhysiologyBochumGermany
| | - Martin Stehling
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Flow Cytometry UnitMünsterGermany
| | - Olympia E Psathaki
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyMünsterGermany
- Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, CellNanOs, University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Electron Microscopy UnitMünsterGermany
| | - M Gabriele Bixel
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue MorphogenesisMünsterGermany
| | - Dong Han
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyMünsterGermany
| | - Gabriela Morosan-Puopolo
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular EmbryologyBochumGermany
| | - Daniela Gerovska
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastiánSpain
| | - Ji Hun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- R&D Research Center, Next & Bio IncSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong Beom Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)UlsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Marcos J Arauzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastiánSpain
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, LCSB, Developmental and Cellular Biology, University of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Stephan A Hahn
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Department of Molecular GI OncologyBochumGermany
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue MorphogenesisMünsterGermany
- Westphalian Wilhelms University Münster, Medical FacultyMünsterGermany
| | - Hans R Schöler
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyMünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Vorgerd
- Department of Neurology with Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, University Hospital BergmannsheilBochumGermany
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular EmbryologyBochumGermany
| | - Holm Zaehres
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular EmbryologyBochumGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyMünsterGermany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peng J, Han L, Liu B, Song J, Wang Y, Wang K, Guo Q, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang J, Wu W, Li S, Fu X, Zhuang CL, Zhang W, Suo S, Hu P, Zhao Y. Gli1 marks a sentinel muscle stem cell population for muscle regeneration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6993. [PMID: 37914731 PMCID: PMC10620419 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle regeneration is mainly driven by muscle stem cells (MuSCs), which are highly heterogeneous. Although recent studies have started to characterize the heterogeneity of MuSCs, whether a subset of cells with distinct exists within MuSCs remains unanswered. Here, we find that a population of MuSCs, marked by Gli1 expression, is required for muscle regeneration. The Gli1+ MuSC population displays advantages in proliferation and differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of this population leads to delayed muscle regeneration, while transplanted Gli1+ MuSCs support muscle regeneration more effectively than Gli1- MuSCs. Further analysis reveals that even in the uninjured muscle, Gli1+ MuSCs have elevated mTOR signaling activity, increased cell size and mitochondrial numbers compared to Gli1- MuSCs, indicating Gli1+ MuSCs are displaying the features of primed MuSCs. Moreover, Gli1+ MuSCs greatly contribute to the formation of GAlert cells after muscle injury. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Gli1+ MuSCs represents a distinct MuSC population which is more active in the homeostatic muscle and enters the cell cycle shortly after injury. This population functions as the tissue-resident sentinel that rapidly responds to injury and initiates muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Lili Han
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - Biao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Jiawen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Yuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, PR China
| | - Qian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - XinYan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Jujin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Sheng Li
- Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, PR China
| | - Xin Fu
- Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, PR China
| | - Cheng-le Zhuang
- The 10th People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Weikang Zhang
- Guangzhou Laboratory-Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Shengbao Suo
- Guangzhou Laboratory-Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, PR China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, PR China
| | - Ping Hu
- Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, PR China.
- The 10th People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory-Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, PR China.
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo Y, Yamada M, N’Tumba-Byn T, Asif H, Gao M, Hu Y, Marangoni P, Liu Y, Evans T, Rafii S, Klein OD, Voss HU, Hadjantonakis AK, Elemento O, Martin LA, Seandel M. SPRY4-dependent ERK negative feedback demarcates functional adult stem cells in the male mouse germline†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:533-551. [PMID: 37552049 PMCID: PMC10577279 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Niche-derived growth factors support self-renewal of mouse spermatogonial stem and progenitor cells through ERK MAPK signaling and other pathways. At the same time, dysregulated growth factor-dependent signaling has been associated with loss of stem cell activity and aberrant differentiation. We hypothesized that growth factor signaling through the ERK MAPK pathway in spermatogonial stem cells is tightly regulated within a narrow range through distinct intracellular negative feedback regulators. Evaluation of candidate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-responsive genes known to dampen downstream signaling revealed robust induction of specific negative feedback regulators, including Spry4, in cultured mouse spermatogonial stem cells in response to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor or fibroblast growth factor 2. Undifferentiated spermatogonia in vivo exhibited high levels of Spry4 mRNA. Quantitative single-cell analysis of ERK MAPK signaling in spermatogonial stem cell cultures revealed both dynamic signaling patterns in response to growth factors and disruption of such effects when Spry4 was ablated, due to dysregulation of ERK MAPK downstream of RAS. Whereas negative feedback regulator expression decreased during differentiation, loss of Spry4 shifted cell fate toward early differentiation with concomitant loss of stem cell activity. Finally, a mouse Spry4 reporter line revealed that the adult spermatogonial stem cell population in vivo is demarcated by strong Spry4 promoter activity. Collectively, our data suggest that negative feedback-dependent regulation of ERK MAPK is critical for preservation of spermatogonial stem cell fate within the mammalian testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Luo
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Makiko Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hana Asif
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Todd Evans
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henning U Voss
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura A Martin
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Seandel
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tran L, Xie B, Assaf E, Ferrari R, Pipinos II, Casale GP, Alvidrez RIM, Watkins S, Sachdev U. Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signatures in Ischemic Muscle Satellite Cells Affected by Peripheral Artery Disease-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2023-2029. [PMID: 37675635 PMCID: PMC10549760 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that transcriptomic profiling of muscle satellite cells in peripheral artery disease (PAD) would identify damage-related pathways contributing to skeletal muscle myopathy. We identified a potential role for ferroptosis-a form of programmed lytic cell death by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation-as one such pathway. Ferroptosis promotes myopathy in ischemic cardiac muscle but has an unknown role in PAD. METHODS Muscle satellite cells from donors with PAD were obtained during surgery. cDNA libraries were processed for single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10X Genomics platform. Protein expression was confirmed based on pathways inferred by transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS Unsupervised cluster analysis of over 25 000 cells aggregated from 8 donor samples yielded distinct cell populations grouped by a shared unique transcriptional fingerprint. Quiescent cells were diminished in ischemic muscle while myofibroblasts and apoptotic cells were prominent. Differential gene expression demonstrated a surprising increase in genes associated with iron transport and oxidative stress and a decrease in GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) in ischemic PAD-derived cells. Release of the danger signal HMGB1 (high mobility group box-1) correlated with ferroptotic markers including surface transferrin receptor and were higher in ischemia. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation in muscle satellite cells was modulated by ferrostatin, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Histology confirmed iron deposition and lipofuscin, an inducer of ferroptosis in PAD-affected muscle. CONCLUSIONS This report presents a novel finding that genes known to be involved in ferroptosis are differentially expressed in human skeletal muscle affected by PAD. Targeting ferroptosis may be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce PAD myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Tran
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Surgery
| | - Bowen Xie
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Surgery
| | - Edwyn Assaf
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Surgery
| | - Ricardo Ferrari
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Surgery
| | - Iraklis I. Pipinos
- University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Surgery and the VAResearch Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System
| | - George P. Casale
- University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Surgery and the VAResearch Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System
| | | | - Simon Watkins
- University of Pittsburgh Center for Biologic Imaging
| | - Ulka Sachdev
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Surgery
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Okafor AE, Lin X, Situ C, Wei X, Xiang Y, Wei X, Wu Z, Diao Y. Single-cell chromatin accessibility profiling reveals a self-renewing muscle satellite cell state. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202211073. [PMID: 37382627 PMCID: PMC10309185 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A balance between self-renewal and differentiation is critical for the regenerative capacity of tissue-resident stem cells. In skeletal muscle, successful regeneration requires the orchestrated activation, proliferation, and differentiation of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) that are normally quiescent. A subset of MuSCs undergoes self-renewal to replenish the stem cell pool, but the features that identify and define self-renewing MuSCs remain to be elucidated. Here, through single-cell chromatin accessibility analysis, we reveal the self-renewal versus differentiation trajectories of MuSCs over the course of regeneration in vivo. We identify Betaglycan as a unique marker of self-renewing MuSCs that can be purified and efficiently contributes to regeneration after transplantation. We also show that SMAD4 and downstream genes are genetically required for self-renewal in vivo by restricting differentiation. Our study unveils the identity and mechanisms of self-renewing MuSCs, while providing a key resource for comprehensive analysis of muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arinze E. Okafor
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chenghao Situ
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaolin Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiuqing Wei
- Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tooze RS, Calpena E, Twigg SRF, D'Arco F, Wakeling EL, Wilkie AOM. Craniosynostosis, inner ear, and renal anomalies in a child with complete loss of SPRY1 (sprouty homolog 1) function. J Med Genet 2023; 60:712-716. [PMID: 36543535 PMCID: PMC10359576 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SPRY1 encodes protein sprouty homolog 1 (Spry-1), a negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase signalling. Null mutant mice display kidney/urinary tract abnormalities and altered size of the skull; complete loss-of-function of Spry-1 in humans has not been reported. METHODS Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from individuals with craniosynostosis enrolled in the 100,000 Genomes Project identified a likely pathogenic variant within SPRY1. Reverse-transcriptase PCR and western blot analysis were used to investigate the effect of the variant on SPRY1 mRNA and protein, in lymphoblastoid cell lines from the patient and both parents. RESULTS A nonsense variant in SPRY1, encoding p.(Leu27*), was confirmed to be heterozygous in the unaffected parents and homozygous in the child. The child's phenotype, which included sagittal craniosynostosis, subcutaneous cystic lesions overlying the lambdoid sutures, hearing loss associated with bilateral cochlear and vestibular dysplasia and a unilateral renal cyst, overlapped the features reported in Spry1-/- null mice. Functional studies supported escape from nonsense-mediated decay, but western blot analysis demonstrated complete absence of full-length protein in the affected child and a marked reduction in both parents. CONCLUSION This is the first report of complete loss of Spry-1 function in humans, associated with abnormalities of the cranial sutures, inner ear, and kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Tooze
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eduardo Calpena
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen R F Twigg
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Felice D'Arco
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Emma L Wakeling
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew O M Wilkie
- Clinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Feng X, Wang AH, Juan AH, Ko KD, Jiang K, Riparini G, Ciuffoli V, Kaba A, Lopez C, Naz F, Jarnik M, Aliberti E, Hu S, Segalés J, Khateb M, Acevedo-Luna N, Randazzo D, Cheung TH, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Dell'Orso S, Sartorelli V. Polycomb Ezh1 maintains murine muscle stem cell quiescence through non-canonical regulation of Notch signaling. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1052-1070.e10. [PMID: 37105173 PMCID: PMC10330238 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Organismal homeostasis and regeneration are predicated on committed stem cells that can reside for long periods in a mitotically dormant but reversible cell-cycle arrest state defined as quiescence. Premature escape from quiescence is detrimental, as it results in stem cell depletion, with consequent defective tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Here, we report that Polycomb Ezh1 confers quiescence to murine muscle stem cells (MuSCs) through a non-canonical function. In the absence of Ezh1, MuSCs spontaneously exit quiescence. Following repeated injuries, the MuSC pool is progressively depleted, resulting in failure to sustain proper muscle regeneration. Rather than regulating repressive histone H3K27 methylation, Ezh1 maintains gene expression of the Notch signaling pathway in MuSCs. Selective genetic reconstitution of the Notch signaling corrects stem cell number and re-establishes quiescence of Ezh1-/- MuSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Feng
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Hongjun Wang
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aster H Juan
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kyung Dae Ko
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining & Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giulia Riparini
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Veronica Ciuffoli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aissah Kaba
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Lopez
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Faiza Naz
- Genomic Technology Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michal Jarnik
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Aliberti
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shenyuan Hu
- Division of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessica Segalés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mamduh Khateb
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Acevedo-Luna
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Tom H Cheung
- Division of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Altos Labs Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Barruet E, Striedinger K, Marangoni P, Pomerantz JH. Loss of transcriptional heterogeneity in aged human muscle stem cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285018. [PMID: 37192223 PMCID: PMC10187936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related loss of muscle mass and function negatively impacts healthspan and lifespan. Satellite cells function as muscle stem cells in muscle maintenance and regeneration by self-renewal, activation, proliferation and differentiation. These processes are perturbed in aging at the stem cell population level, contributing to muscle loss. However, how representation of subpopulations within the human satellite cell pool change during aging remains poorly understood. We previously reported a comprehensive baseline of human satellite cell (Hu-MuSCs) transcriptional activity in muscle homeostasis describing functional heterogenous human satellite cell subpopulations such as CAV1+ Hu-MUSCs. Here, we sequenced additional satellite cells from new healthy donors and performed extended transcriptomic analyses with regard to aging. We found an age-related loss of global transcriptomic heterogeneity and identified new markers (CAV1, CXCL14, GPX3) along with previously described ones (FN1, ITGB1, SPRY1) that are altered during aging in human satellite cells. These findings describe new transcriptomic changes that occur during aging in human satellite cells and provide a foundation for understanding functional impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jason H. Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Atmakuru PS, Dhawan J. The cilium-centrosome axis in coupling cell cycle exit and cell fate. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:308872. [PMID: 37144419 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is an evolutionarily conserved, ancient organelle whose role in cell division was first described over a century ago. The structure and function of the centrosome as a microtubule-organizing center, and of its extracellular extension - the primary cilium - as a sensory antenna, have since been extensively studied, but the role of the cilium-centrosome axis in cell fate is still emerging. In this Opinion piece, we view cellular quiescence and tissue homeostasis from the vantage point of the cilium-centrosome axis. We focus on a less explored role in the choice between distinct forms of mitotic arrest - reversible quiescence and terminal differentiation, which play distinct roles in tissue homeostasis. We outline evidence implicating the centrosome-basal body switch in stem cell function, including how the cilium-centrosome complex regulates reversible versus irreversible arrest in adult skeletal muscle progenitors. We then highlight exciting new findings in other quiescent cell types that suggest signal-dependent coupling of nuclear and cytoplasmic events to the centrosome-basal body switch. Finally, we propose a framework for involvement of this axis in mitotically inactive cells and identify future avenues for understanding how the cilium-centrosome axis impacts central decisions in tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priti S Atmakuru
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Morree A, Rando TA. Regulation of adult stem cell quiescence and its functions in the maintenance of tissue integrity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:334-354. [PMID: 36922629 PMCID: PMC10725182 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are important for mammalian tissues, where they act as a cell reserve that supports normal tissue turnover and can mount a regenerative response following acute injuries. Quiescent stem cells are well established in certain tissues, such as skeletal muscle, brain, and bone marrow. The quiescent state is actively controlled and is essential for long-term maintenance of stem cell pools. In this Review, we discuss the importance of maintaining a functional pool of quiescent adult stem cells, including haematopoietic stem cells, skeletal muscle stem cells, neural stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors, to ensure tissue maintenance and repair. We discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate the entry into, maintenance of, and exit from the quiescent state in mice. Recent studies revealed that quiescent stem cells have a discordance between RNA and protein levels, indicating the importance of post-transcriptional mechanisms, such as alternative polyadenylation, alternative splicing, and translation repression, in the control of stem cell quiescence. Understanding how these mechanisms guide stem cell function during homeostasis and regeneration has important implications for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yeh CJ, Sattler KM, Lepper C. Molecular regulation of satellite cells via intercellular signaling. Gene 2023; 858:147172. [PMID: 36621659 PMCID: PMC9928918 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells are tissue-specific reserve cells tasked to sustain tissue homeostasis in adulthood and/or effect tissue regeneration after traumatic injury. The stem cells of skeletal muscle tissue are the satellite cells, which were originally described and named after their localization beneath the muscle fiber lamina and attached to the multi-nucleated muscle fibers. During adult homeostasis, satellite cells are maintained in quiescence, a state of reversible cell cycle arrest. Yet, upon injury, satellite cells are rapidly activated, becoming highly mitotically active to generate large numbers of myoblasts that differentiate and fuse to regenerate the injured muscle fibers. A subset self-renews to replenish the pool of muscle stem cells.Complex intrinsic gene regulatory networks maintain the quiescent state of satellite cells, or upon injury, direct their activation, proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal. Molecular cues from the satellite cells' environment provide the essential information as to when and where satellite cells are to stay quiescent or break quiescence and effect regenerative myogenesis. Predominantly, these cues are secreted, diffusible or membrane-bound ligands that bind to and activate their specific cognate receptors on the satellite cell to activate downstream signaling cascades and elicit context-specific cell behavior. This review aims to offer a concise overview of major intercellular signaling pathways regulating satellite cells during quiescence and in injury-induced skeletal muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ju Yeh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kristina M Sattler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christoph Lepper
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Motsinger LA, Okamoto LL, Ineck NE, Udy BA, Erickson CL, Harraq Y, Reichhardt CC, Murdoch GK, Thornton KJ. Understanding the Effects of Trenbolone Acetate, Polyamine Precursors, and Polyamines on Proliferation, Protein Synthesis Rates, and the Abundance of Genes Involved in Myoblast Growth, Polyamine Biosynthesis, and Protein Synthesis in Murine Myoblasts. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030446. [PMID: 36979138 PMCID: PMC10045634 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that androgens increase skeletal muscle growth by modulating polyamine biosynthesis. As such, the objective of this study was to investigate effects of anabolic hormones, polyamine precursors, and polyamines relative to proliferation, protein synthesis, and the abundance of mRNA involved in polyamine biosynthesis, proliferation, and protein synthesis in C2C12 and Sol8 cells. Cultures were treated with anabolic hormones (trenbolone acetate and/or estradiol), polyamine precursors (methionine or ornithine), or polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, or spermine). Messenger RNA was isolated 0.5 or 1, 12, or 24 h post-treatment. The cell type had no effect (p > 0.10) on proliferation, protein synthesis, or mRNA abundance at any time point. Each treatment increased (p < 0.01) proliferation, and anabolic hormones increased (p = 0.04) protein synthesis. Polyamines increased (p < 0.05) the abundance of mRNA involved in polyamine biosynthesis, proliferation, and protein synthesis. Treatment with polyamine precursors decreased (p < 0.05) the abundance of mRNA involved in proliferation and protein synthesis. Overall, C2C12 and Sol8 myoblasts do not differ (p > 0.10) in proliferation, protein synthesis, or mRNA abundance at the time points assessed. Furthermore, anabolic hormones, polyamines, and polyamine precursors increase proliferation and protein synthesis, and polyamines and their precursors alter the abundance of mRNA involved in growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Motsinger
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Lillian L. Okamoto
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Nikole E. Ineck
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Brynne A. Udy
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Christopher L. Erickson
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Youssef Harraq
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Caleb C. Reichhardt
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Gordon K. Murdoch
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Kara Jean Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +435-797-7696; Fax: +435-797-2118
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Suzuki T. Overview of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and its application to spermatogenesis research. Reprod Med Biol 2023; 22:e12502. [PMID: 36726594 PMCID: PMC9884325 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Single-cell transcriptomics allows parallel analysis of multiple cell types in tissues. Because testes comprise somatic cells and germ cells at various stages of spermatogenesis, single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful tool for investigating the complex process of spermatogenesis. However, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis needs extensive knowledge of experimental technologies and bioinformatics, making it difficult for many, particularly experimental biologists and clinicians, to use it. Methods Aiming to make single-cell RNA sequencing analysis familiar, this review article presents an overview of experimental and computational methods for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis with a history of transcriptomics. In addition, combining the PubMed search and manual curation, this review also provides a summary of recent novel insights into human and mouse spermatogenesis obtained using single-cell RNA sequencing analyses. Main Findings Single-cell RNA sequencing identified mesenchymal cells and type II innate lymphoid cells as novel testicular cell types in the adult mouse testes, as well as detailed subtypes of germ cells. This review outlines recent discoveries into germ cell development and subtypes, somatic cell development, and cell-cell interactions. Conclusion The findings on spermatogenesis obtained using single-cell RNA sequencing may contribute to a deeper understanding of spermatogenesis and provide new directions for male fertility therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Suzuki
- RIKEN Center for Integrated Medical Science (IMS)Yokohama CityKanagawaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical Life ScienceYokohama City UniversityYokohama CityKanagawaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells in Aging: Asymmetric/Symmetric Division Switching. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In aged muscle, satellite cells’ symmetric and asymmetric divisions are impaired, and intrinsic and extrinsic complex mechanisms govern these processes. This review presents many updated aspects regarding muscle stem cells’ fate in normal and aging conditions. The balance between self-renewal and commitment divisions contributes to muscle regeneration, muscle homeostasis, aging, and disease. Stimulating muscle regeneration in aging could be a therapeutic target, but there is still a need to understand the many mechanisms that influence each other in satellite cells and their niche. We highlight here the general outlines regarding satellite cell divisions, the primary markers present in muscle stem cells, the aging aspects concerning signaling pathways involved in symmetric/asymmetric divisions, the regenerative capacity of satellite cells and their niche alteration in senescent muscle, genetics and epigenetics mechanisms implied in satellite cells aging and exercise effect on muscle regeneration in the elderly.
Collapse
|
25
|
Fu X, Zhuang CL, Hu P. Regulation of muscle stem cell fate. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 11:40. [PMID: 36456659 PMCID: PMC9715903 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in human health. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) serve as the major cell type contributing to muscle regeneration by directly differentiating to mature muscle cells. MuSCs usually remain quiescent with occasionally self-renewal and are activated to enter cell cycle for proliferation followed by differentiation upon muscle injury or under pathological conditions. The quiescence maintenance, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of MuSCs are tightly regulated. The MuSC cell-intrinsic regulatory network and the microenvironments work coordinately to orchestrate the fate transition of MuSCs. The heterogeneity of MuSCs further complicates the regulation of MuSCs. This review briefly summarizes the current progress on the heterogeneity of MuSCs and the microenvironments, epigenetic, and transcription regulations of MuSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Cheng-le Zhuang
- grid.412538.90000 0004 0527 0050Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Ping Hu
- grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China ,grid.412538.90000 0004 0527 0050Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China ,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guanghzou International Bio Lsland, No. 9 XingDaoHuan Road, Guangzhou, 510005 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sinha S, Elbaz‐Alon Y, Avinoam O. Ca 2+ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction. FEBS J 2022; 289:6531-6542. [PMID: 35689496 PMCID: PMC9795905 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is essential for vertebrate muscle homeostasis and recovery after injury. During regeneration, muscle stem cells differentiate into myocytes, which then fuse with pre-existing muscle fibres. Hence, differentiation, fusion and contraction must be tightly regulated during regeneration to avoid the disastrous consequences of premature fusion of myocytes to actively contracting fibres. Cytosolic calcium (Ca2+ ), which is coupled to both induction of myogenic differentiation and contraction, has more recently been implicated in the regulation of myocyte-to-myotube fusion. In this viewpoint, we propose that Ca2+ -mediated coordination of differentiation, fusion and contraction is a feature selected in the amniotes to facilitate muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sansrity Sinha
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Yael Elbaz‐Alon
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ori Avinoam
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
MSTN Regulatory Network in Mongolian Horse Muscle Satellite Cells Revealed with miRNA Interference Technologies. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101836. [PMID: 36292721 PMCID: PMC9601437 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, inhibits the activation of muscle satellite cells. However, the role and regulatory network of MSTN in equine muscle cells are not well understood yet. We discovered that MSTN knockdown significantly reduces the proliferation rate of equine muscle satellite cells. In addition, after the RNA sequencing of equine satellite cells transfected with MSTN-interference plasmid and control plasmid, an analysis of the differentially expressed genes was carried out. It was revealed that MSTN regulatory networks mainly involve genes related to muscle function and cell-cycle regulation, and signaling pathways, such as Notch, MAPK, and WNT. Subsequent real-time PCR in equine satellite cells and immunohistochemistry on newborn and adult muscle also verified the MSTN regulatory network found in RNA sequencing analysis. The results of this study provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of equine MSTN.
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu Y, Wang R, Ding S, Deng L, Zhang Y, Li J, Shi Z, Wu Z, Liang K, Yan X, Liu W, Du Y. Engineered meatballs via scalable skeletal muscle cell expansion and modular micro-tissue assembly using porous gelatin micro-carriers. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121615. [PMID: 35679644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of cultured meat faces several technical hurdles, including the scale-up production of quality muscle and adipose progenitor cells, and the differentiation and bioengineering of these cellular materials into large, meat-like tissue. Here, we present edible, 3D porous gelatin micro-carriers (PoGelat-MCs), as efficient cell expansion scaffolds, as well as modular tissue-engineering building blocks for lab-grown meat. PoGelat-MC culture in spinner flasks, not only facilitated the scalable expansion of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells and murine myoblasts, but also triggered their spontaneous myogenesis, in the absence of myogenic reagents. Using 3D-printed mold and transglutaminase, we bio-assembled pork muscle micro-tissues into centimeter-scale meatballs, which exhibited similar mechanical property and higher protein content compared to conventional ground pork meatballs. PoGelat-MCs also supported the expansion and differentiation of 3T3L1 murine pre-adipocytes into mature adipose micro-tissues, which could be used as modular assembly unit for engineered fat-containing meat products. Together, our results highlight PoGelat-MCs, in combination with dynamic bioreactors, as a scalable culture system to produce large quantity of highly-viable muscle and fat micro-tissues, which could be further bio-assembled into ground meat analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Shijie Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Junyang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Ziao Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaini Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effects of Hypoxia on Proliferation and Differentiation in Belgian Blue and Hanwoo Muscle Satellite Cells for the Development of Cultured Meat. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060838. [PMID: 35740963 PMCID: PMC9221279 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among future food problems, the demand for meat is expected to increase rapidly, but the production efficiency of meat, which is a protein source, is very low compared to other foods. To address this problem, research on the development and production of cultured meat as an alternative meat source using muscle stem cells in vitro has recently been undertaken. Many studies have been conducted on myosatellite cells for medical purposes, but studies on alternative meat production are rare. In vitro cell culture mimics the in vivo environment for cell growth. The satellite cell niche is closer to hypoxic (2% O2) than normoxic (20% O2) conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficient oxygen conditions of myosatellite cell cultures for the production of cultured meat. The bovine satellite cell counts and mRNA (Pax7, Myf5 and HIF1α) levels were higher in hypoxia than normoxia (p < 0.05). Through Hoechst-positive nuclei counts, and expression of Pax7, MyoD and myosin protein by immunofluorescence, it was confirmed that muscle cells performed normal proliferation and differentiation. Myoblast fusion was higher under hypoxic conditions (p < 0.05), and the myotube diameters were also thicker (p < 0.05). In the myotube, the number of cells was high in hypoxia, and the expression of the total protein amounts, differentiation marker mRNA (myogenin, myosin and TOM20), and protein markers (myosin and TOM20) was also high. The study results demonstrated that the proliferation and differentiation of bovine myosatellite cells were promoted more highly under hypoxic conditions than under normoxic conditions. Therefore, hypoxic cultures that promote the proliferation and differentiation of bovine myosatellite cells may be an important factor in the development of cultured meat.
Collapse
|
30
|
Larson AA, Shams AS, McMillin SL, Sullivan BP, Vue C, Roloff ZA, Batchelor E, Kyba M, Lowe DA. Estradiol deficiency reduces the satellite cell pool by impairing cell cycle progression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1123-C1137. [PMID: 35442828 PMCID: PMC9169829 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00429.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The size of the satellite cell pool is reduced in estradiol (E2)-deficient female mice and humans. Here, we use a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches to identify mechanisms, whereby E2 deficiency impairs satellite cell maintenance. By measuring satellite cell numbers in mice at several early time points postovariectomy (Ovx), we determine that satellite cell numbers decline by 33% between 10 and 14 days post-Ovx in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles. At 14 days post-Ovx, we demonstrate that satellite cells have a reduced propensity to transition from G0/G1 to S and G2/M phases, compared with cells from ovary-intact mice, associated with changes in two key satellite cell cycle regulators, ccna2 and p16INK4a. Further, freshly isolated satellite cells treated with E2 in vitro have 62% greater cell proliferation and require less time to complete the first division. Using clonal and differentiation assays, we measured 69% larger satellite cell colonies and enhanced satellite cell-derived myoblast differentiation with E2 treatment compared with vehicle-treated cells. Together, these results identify a novel mechanism for preservation of the satellite cell pool by E2 via promotion of satellite cell cycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexie A Larson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ahmed S Shams
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shawna L McMillin
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Brian P Sullivan
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cha Vue
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Zachery A Roloff
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Eric Batchelor
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael Kyba
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Dawn A Lowe
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guilhot C, Fovet T, Delobel P, Dargegen M, Jasmin BJ, Brioche T, Chopard A, Py G. Severe Muscle Deconditioning Triggers Early Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Resident Stem Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes in Healthy Men. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105489. [PMID: 35628300 PMCID: PMC9143135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides the loss of muscle mass and strength, increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is now a well-recognized consequence of muscle deconditioning as experienced in prolonged microgravity. IMAT content may alter the muscle stem cell microenvironment. We hypothesized that extracellular matrix structure alterations and microenvironment remodeling induced by fast and severe muscle disuse could modulate fibro-adipogenic progenitor fate and behavior. We used the dry immersion (DI) model that rapidly leads to severe muscle deconditioning due to drastic hypoactivity. We randomly assigned healthy volunteers (n = 18 men) to the control group (only DI, n = 9; age = 33.8 ± 4) or to the DI + thigh cuff group (n = 9; age = 33.4 ± 7). Participants remained immersed in the supine position in a thermo-neutral water bath for 5 days. We collected vastus lateralis biopsies before (baseline) and after DI. 5 days of DI are sufficient to reduce muscle mass significantly, as indicated by the decreased myofiber cross-sectional area in vastus lateralis samples (−18% vs. baseline, p < 0.05). Early and late adipogenic differentiation transcription factors protein levels were upregulated. Platelet-derived growth Factors alpha (PDGFR⍺) protein level and PDGFR⍺-positive cells were increased after 5 days of DI. Extracellular matrix structure was prone to remodeling with an altered ECM composition with 4 major collagens, fibronectin, and Connective Tissue Growth Factor mRNA decreases (p < 0.001 vs. baseline). Wearing thigh cuffs did not have any preventive effect on the measured variable. Our results show that altered extracellular matrix structure and signaling pathways occur early during DI, a severe muscle wasting model, favoring fibro-adipogenic progenitor differentiation into adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Guilhot
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (G.P.); Tel.: +33-499-612-222 (G.P.); Fax: +33-467-545-694 (G.P.)
| | - Théo Fovet
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Pierre Delobel
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Manon Dargegen
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Bernard J. Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Thomas Brioche
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Angèle Chopard
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Guillaume Py
- DMEM, Montpellier University, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 2 Place Pierre Viala, Bat. 22, 34060 Montpellier, France; (T.F.); (P.D.); (M.D.); (T.B.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (G.P.); Tel.: +33-499-612-222 (G.P.); Fax: +33-467-545-694 (G.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang J, Broer T, Chavez T, Zhou CJ, Tran S, Xiang Y, Khodabukus A, Diao Y, Bursac N. Myoblast deactivation within engineered human skeletal muscle creates a transcriptionally heterogeneous population of quiescent satellite-like cells. Biomaterials 2022; 284:121508. [PMID: 35421801 PMCID: PMC9289780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs), the adult Pax7-expressing stem cells of skeletal muscle, are essential for muscle repair. However, in vitro investigations of SC function are challenging due to isolation-induced SC activation, loss of native quiescent state, and differentiation to myoblasts. In the present study, we optimized methods to deactivate in vitro expanded human myoblasts within a 3D culture environment of engineered human skeletal muscle tissues ("myobundles"). Immunostaining and gene expression analyses revealed that a fraction of myoblasts within myobundles adopted a quiescent phenotype (3D-SCs) characterized by increased Pax7 expression, cell cycle exit, and activation of Notch signaling. Similar to native SCs, 3D-SC quiescence is regulated by Notch and Wnt signaling while loss of quiescence and reactivation of 3D-SCs can be induced by growth factors including bFGF. Myobundle injury with a bee toxin, melittin, induces robust myofiber fragmentation, functional decline, and 3D-SC proliferation. By applying single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), we discover the existence of two 3D-SC subpopulations (quiescent and activated), identify deactivation-associated gene signature using trajectory inference between 2D myoblasts and 3D-SCs, and characterize the transcriptomic changes within reactivated 3D-SCs in response to melittin-induced injury. These results demonstrate the ability of an in vitro engineered 3D human skeletal muscle environment to support the formation of a quiescent and heterogeneous SC population recapitulating several aspects of the native SC phenotype, and provide a platform for future studies of human muscle regeneration and disease-associated SC dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Torie Broer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Taylor Chavez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chris J Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sabrina Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fovet T, Guilhot C, Delobel P, Chopard A, Py G, Brioche T. Ergothioneine Improves Aerobic Performance Without Any Negative Effect on Early Muscle Recovery Signaling in Response to Acute Exercise. Front Physiol 2022; 13:834597. [PMID: 35222093 PMCID: PMC8864143 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.834597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is now recognized as an essential element of healthy lifestyles. However, intensive and repeated exercise practice produces a high level of stress that must be managed, particularly oxidative damage and inflammation. Many studies investigated the effect of antioxidants, but reported only few positive effects, or even muscle recovery impairment. Secondary antioxidants are frequently highlighted as a way to optimize these interactions. Ergothioneine is a potential nutritional supplement and a secondary antioxidant that activates the cellular NRF2 pathway, leading to antioxidant response gene activation. Here, we hypothesized that ergothioneine could improve performance during aerobic exercise up to exhaustion and reduce exercise-related stress without impairing early muscle recovery signaling. To test this hypothesis, 5-month-old C56B6J female mice were divided in two groups matched for maximal aerobic speed (MAS): control group (Ctrl; n = 9) and group supplemented with 70 mg ergothioneine/kg/day (ET; n = 9). After 1 week of supplementation (or not), mice performed a maximum time-to-exhaustion test by running on a treadmill at 70% of their MAS, and gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were collected 2 h after exercise. Time to exhaustion was longer in the ET than Ctrl group (+41.22%, p < 0.01). Two hours after exercise, the ET group showed higher activation of protein synthesis and satellite cells, despite their longer effort. Conversely, expression in muscles of metabolic stress and inflammation markers was decreased, as well as oxidative damage markers in the ET group. Moreover, ergothioneine did not seem to impair mitochondrial recovery. These results suggest an important effect of ergothioneine on time-to-exhaustion performance and improved muscle recovery after exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Théo Fovet
- DMEM, INRAE, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Pierre Delobel
- DMEM, INRAE, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Angèle Chopard
- DMEM, INRAE, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Py
- DMEM, INRAE, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Brioche
- DMEM, INRAE, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
A Long Journey before Cycling: Regulation of Quiescence Exit in Adult Muscle Satellite Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031748. [PMID: 35163665 PMCID: PMC8836154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle harbors a pool of stem cells called muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) that are mainly responsible for its robust regenerative capacities. Adult satellite cells are mitotically quiescent in uninjured muscles under homeostasis, but they exit quiescence upon injury to re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate. While most of the expanded satellites cells differentiate and fuse to form new myofibers, some undergo self-renewal to replenish the stem cell pool. Specifically, quiescence exit describes the initial transition of MuSCs from quiescence to the first cell cycle, which takes much longer than the time required for subsequent cell cycles and involves drastic changes in cell size, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles, and metabolic status. It is, therefore, an essential period indispensable for the success of muscle regeneration. Diverse mechanisms exist in MuSCs to regulate quiescence exit. In this review, we summarize key events that occur during quiescence exit in MuSCs and discuss the molecular regulation of this process with an emphasis on multiple levels of intrinsic regulatory mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of how quiescence exit is regulated will facilitate satellite cell-based muscle regenerative therapies and advance their applications in various disease and aging conditions.
Collapse
|
35
|
Yue F, Oprescu SN, Qiu J, Gu L, Zhang L, Chen J, Narayanan N, Deng M, Kuang S. Lipid droplet dynamics regulate adult muscle stem cell fate. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110267. [PMID: 35045287 PMCID: PMC9127130 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid droplet (LD) is a central hub for fatty acid metabolism in cells. Here we define the dynamics and explore the role of LDs in skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs), a stem cell population responsible for muscle regeneration. In newly divided SCs, LDs are unequally distributed in sister cells exhibiting asymmetric cell fates, as the LDLow cell self-renews while the LDHigh cell commits to differentiation. When transplanted into regenerating muscles, LDLow cells outperform LDHigh cells in self-renewal and regeneration in vivo. Pharmacological inhibition of LD biogenesis or genetic inhibition of LD catabolism through knockout of Pnpla2 (encoding ATGL, the rate-limiting enzyme for lipolysis) disrupts cell fate homeostasis and impairs the regenerative capacity of SCs. Dysfunction of Pnpla2-null SCs is associated with energy insufficiency and oxidative stress that can be partially rescued by antioxidant (N-acetylcysteine) treatment. These results establish a direct link between LD dynamics and stem cell fate determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jiamin Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Lijie Gu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jingjuan Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Naagarajan Narayanan
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Injury-induced Erk1/2 signaling tissue-specifically interacts with Ca2+ activity and is necessary for regeneration of spinal cord and skeletal muscle. Cell Calcium 2022; 102:102540. [PMID: 35074688 PMCID: PMC9542431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The transition of stem cells from quiescence to proliferation enables tissues to self-repair. The signaling mechanisms driving these stem-cell-status decisions are still unclear. Ca2+ and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) are two signaling pathways that have the potential to coordinate multiple signals to promote a specific cellular response. They both play important roles during nervous system development but their roles during spinal cord and muscle regeneration are not fully deciphered. Here we show in Xenopus laevis larvae that both Ca2+ and Erk1/2 signaling pathways are activated after tail amputation. In response to injury, we find that Erk1/2 signaling is activated in neural and muscle stem cells and is necessary for spinal cord and skeletal muscle regeneration. Finally, we show in vivo that Erk1/2 activity is necessary for an injury-induced increase in intracellular store-dependent Ca2+ dynamics in skeletal muscle-associated tissues but that in spinal cord, injury increases Ca2+ influx-dependent Ca2+ activity independent of Erk1/2 signaling. This study suggests that precise temporal and tissue-specific activation of Ca2+ and Erk1/2 pathways is essential for regulating spinal cord and muscle regeneration.
Collapse
|
37
|
Hong X, Campanario S, Ramírez-Pardo I, Grima-Terrén M, Isern J, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Stem cell aging in the skeletal muscle: The importance of communication. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101528. [PMID: 34818593 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells sustain tissue homeostasis and regeneration; their functional decline is often linked to aging, which is characterized by the progressive loss of physiological functions across multiple tissues and organs. The resident stem cells in skeletal muscle, termed satellite cells, are normally quiescent but activate upon injury to reconstitute the damaged tissue. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the molecular processes that contribute to the functional failure of satellite cells during aging. This failure is due not only to intrinsic changes but also to extrinsic factors, most of which are still undefined but originate from the muscle tissue microenvironment of the satellite cells (the niche), or from the systemic environment. We also highlight the emerging applications of the powerful single-cell sequencing technologies in the study of skeletal muscle aging, particularly in the heterogeneity of the satellite cell population and the molecular interaction of satellite cells and other cell types in the niche. An improved understanding of how satellite cells communicate with their environment, and how this communication is perturbed with aging, will be helpful for defining countermeasures against loss of muscle regenerative capacity in sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Hong
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Campanario
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Grima-Terrén
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Isern
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Barruet E, Garcia SM, Wu J, Morales BM, Tamaki S, Moody T, Pomerantz JH, Hsiao EC. Modeling the ACVR1 R206H mutation in human skeletal muscle stem cells. eLife 2021; 10:66107. [PMID: 34755602 PMCID: PMC8691832 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in skeletal muscle repair can lead to poor function and complications such as scarring or heterotopic ossification (HO). Here, we use fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a disease of progressive HO caused by ACVR1R206H (Activin receptor type-1 receptor) mutation, to elucidate how ACVR1 affects skeletal muscle repair. Rare and unique primary FOP human muscle stem cells (Hu-MuSCs) isolated from cadaveric skeletal muscle demonstrated increased extracellular matric (ECM) marker expression, showed skeletal muscle-specific impaired engraftment and regeneration ability. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived muscle stem/progenitor cells (iMPCs) single-cell transcriptome analyses from FOP also revealed unusually increased ECM and osteogenic marker expression compared to control iMPCs. These results show that iMPCs can recapitulate many aspects of Hu-MuSCs for detailed in vitro study; that ACVR1 is a key regulator of Hu-MuSC function and skeletal muscle repair; and that ACVR1 activation in iMPCs or Hu-MuSCs may contribute to HO by changing the local tissue environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Steven M Garcia
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jake Wu
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Blanca M Morales
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Tania Moody
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu Z, Lin L, Zhu H, Wu Z, Ding X, Hu R, Jiang Y, Tang C, Ding S, Guo R. YAP Promotes Cell Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Muscle Stem Cells under High-Density Condition. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113069. [PMID: 34831292 PMCID: PMC8621012 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) isolated ex vivo are essential original cells to produce cultured meat. Currently, one of the main obstacles for cultured meat production derives from the limited capacity of large-scale amplification of MuSCs, especially under high-density culture condition. Here, we show that at higher cell densities, proliferation and differentiation capacities of porcine MuSCs are impaired. We investigate the roles of Hippo-YAP signaling, which is important regulators in response to cell contact inhibition. Interestingly, abundant but not functional YAP proteins are accumulated in MuSCs seeded at high density. When treated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), the activator of YAP, porcine MuSCs exhibit increased proliferation and elevated differentiation potential compared with control cells. Moreover, constitutively active YAP with deactivated phosphorylation sites, but not intact YAP, promotes cell proliferation and stemness maintenance of MuSCs. Together, we reveal a potential molecular target that enables massive MuSCs expansion for large-scale cultured meat production under high-density condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ling Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haozhe Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xi Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yichen Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changbo Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shijie Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Renpeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Z.L.); (L.L.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.D.); (R.H.); (Y.J.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xie N, Chu SN, Azzag K, Schultz CB, Peifer LN, Kyba M, Perlingeiro RCR, Chan SSK. In vitro expanded skeletal myogenic progenitors from pluripotent stem cell-derived teratomas have high engraftment capacity. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2900-2912. [PMID: 34798067 PMCID: PMC8693664 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One major challenge in realizing cell-based therapy for treating muscle-wasting disorders is the difficulty in obtaining therapeutically meaningful amounts of engraftable cells. We have previously described a method to generate skeletal myogenic progenitors with exceptional engraftability from pluripotent stem cells via teratoma formation. Here, we show that these cells are functionally expandable in vitro while retaining their in vivo regenerative potential. Within 37 days in culture, teratoma-derived skeletal myogenic progenitors were expandable to a billion-fold. Similar to their freshly sorted counterparts, the expanded cells expressed PAX7 and were capable of forming multinucleated myotubes in vitro. Importantly, these cells remained highly regenerative in vivo. Upon transplantation, the expanded cells formed new DYSTROPHIN+ fibers that reconstituted up to 40% of tibialis anterior muscle volume and repopulated the muscle stem cell pool. Our study thereby demonstrates the possibility of producing large quantities of engraftable skeletal myogenic cells for transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sabrina N Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Karim Azzag
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cassandra B Schultz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Lindsay N Peifer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Michael Kyba
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rita C R Perlingeiro
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sunny S K Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Control of satellite cell function in muscle regeneration and its disruption in ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 23:204-226. [PMID: 34663964 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contains a designated population of adult stem cells, called satellite cells, which are generally quiescent. In homeostasis, satellite cells proliferate only sporadically and usually by asymmetric cell division to replace myofibres damaged by daily activity and maintain the stem cell pool. However, satellite cells can also be robustly activated upon tissue injury, after which they undergo symmetric divisions to generate new stem cells and numerous proliferating myoblasts that later differentiate to muscle cells (myocytes) to rebuild the muscle fibre, thereby supporting skeletal muscle regeneration. Recent discoveries show that satellite cells have a great degree of population heterogeneity, and that their cell fate choices during the regeneration process are dictated by both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Extrinsic cues come largely from communication with the numerous distinct stromal cell types in their niche, creating a dynamically interactive microenvironment. This Review discusses the role and regulation of satellite cells in skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration. In particular, we highlight the cell-intrinsic control of quiescence versus activation, the importance of satellite cell-niche communication, and deregulation of these mechanisms associated with ageing. The increasing understanding of how satellite cells are regulated will help to advance muscle regeneration and rejuvenation therapies.
Collapse
|
42
|
Gupta R, Rao R, Johnston TR, Uong J, Yang DS, Lee TQ. Muscle stem cells and rotator cuff injury. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2021; 1:186-193. [PMID: 37588948 PMCID: PMC10426486 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of reinjury after treatment of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) remains very high despite the variety of nonoperative treatments and the high volume of surgical interventions performed. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs), also known as satellite cells, have risen to the forefront of rotator cuff tear research as a potential adjuvant therapy to aid unsatisfactory surgical outcomes. MuSCs are adult stem cells exhibiting the capacity to proliferate and self-renew, both symmetrically and asymmetrically. As part of this niche, they have been shown to adopt an activated phenotype in response to musculoskeletal injury and decrease their cellular populations during aging, implicating them as key players in both pathologic and normal physiological processes. While commonly connected to the regenerative phase of muscle healing, MuSCs also have the potential to differentiate into adverse morphologies. For instance, if MuSCs differentiate into adipocytes, the ensuing fatty infiltration serves as an obstacle to proper muscle healing and has been associated with the failure of surgical management of RCTs. With the potential to both harm and heal, we have identified MuSCs as a key player in RCT repair. To better understand this dichotomy, the following review will identify key studies regarding the morphology, function, and behavior of MuSCs with respect to RCTs and healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rohan Rao
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tyler R. Johnston
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Uong
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S. Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thay Q. Lee
- Congress Medical Foundation, Pasadena, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Aránega AE, Lozano-Velasco E, Rodriguez-Outeiriño L, Ramírez de Acuña F, Franco D, Hernández-Torres F. MiRNAs and Muscle Regeneration: Therapeutic Targets in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084236. [PMID: 33921834 PMCID: PMC8072594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs required for the post-transcriptional control of gene expression. MicroRNAs play a critical role in modulating muscle regeneration and stem cell behavior. Muscle regeneration is affected in muscular dystrophies, and a critical point for the development of effective strategies for treating muscle disorders is optimizing approaches to target muscle stem cells in order to increase the ability to regenerate lost tissue. Within this framework, miRNAs are emerging as implicated in muscle stem cell response in neuromuscular disorders and new methodologies to regulate the expression of key microRNAs are coming up. In this review, we summarize recent advances highlighting the potential of miRNAs to be used in conjunction with gene replacement therapies, in order to improve muscle regeneration in the context of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Eva Aránega
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lara Rodriguez-Outeiriño
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Felicitas Ramírez de Acuña
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernández-Torres
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kimmel JC, Yi N, Roy M, Hendrickson DG, Kelley DR. Differentiation reveals latent features of aging and an energy barrier in murine myogenesis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109046. [PMID: 33910007 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle experiences a decline in lean mass and regenerative potential with age, in part due to intrinsic changes in progenitor cells. However, it remains unclear how age-related changes in progenitors manifest across a differentiation trajectory. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on muscle mononuclear cells from young and aged mice and profile muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and fibro-adipose progenitors (FAPs) after differentiation. Differentiation increases the magnitude of age-related change in MuSCs and FAPs, but it also masks a subset of age-related changes present in progenitors. Using a dynamical systems approach and RNA velocity, we find that aged MuSCs follow the same differentiation trajectory as young cells but stall in differentiation near a commitment decision. Our results suggest that differentiation reveals latent features of aging and that fate commitment decisions are delayed in aged myogenic cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C Kimmel
- Calico Life Sciences, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Nelda Yi
- Calico Life Sciences, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Margaret Roy
- Calico Life Sciences, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David G Hendrickson
- Calico Life Sciences, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David R Kelley
- Calico Life Sciences, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Negative elongation factor regulates muscle progenitor expansion for efficient myofiber repair and stem cell pool repopulation. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1014-1029.e7. [PMID: 33735618 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Negative elongation factor (NELF) is a critical transcriptional regulator that stabilizes paused RNA polymerase to permit rapid gene expression changes in response to environmental cues. Although NELF is essential for embryonic development, its role in adult stem cells remains unclear. In this study, through a muscle-stem-cell-specific deletion, we showed that NELF is required for efficient muscle regeneration and stem cell pool replenishment. In mechanistic studies using PRO-seq, single-cell trajectory analyses and myofiber cultures revealed that NELF works at a specific stage of regeneration whereby it modulates p53 signaling to permit massive expansion of muscle progenitors. Strikingly, transplantation experiments indicated that these progenitors are also necessary for stem cell pool repopulation, implying that they are able to return to quiescence. Thus, we identified a critical role for NELF in the expansion of muscle progenitors in response to injury and revealed that progenitors returning to quiescence are major contributors to the stem cell pool repopulation.
Collapse
|
46
|
F Almeida C, Bitoun M, Vainzof M. Satellite cells deficiency and defective regeneration in dynamin 2-related centronuclear myopathy. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21346. [PMID: 33715228 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001313rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin 2 (DNM2) is a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in many functions related to trafficking and remodeling of membranes and cytoskeleton dynamics. Mutations in the DNM2 gene cause the autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy (AD-CNM), characterized mainly by muscle weakness and central nuclei. Several defects have been identified in the KI-Dnm2R465W/+ mouse model of the disease to explain the muscle phenotype, including reduction of the satellite cell pool in muscle, but the functional consequences of this depletion have not been characterized until now. Satellite cells (SC) are the main source for muscle growth and regeneration of mature tissue. Here, we investigated muscle regeneration in the KI-Dnm2R465W/+ mouse model for AD-CNM. We found a reduced number of Pax7-positive SCs, which were also less activated after induced muscle injury. The muscles of the KI-Dnm2R465W/+ mouse regenerated more slowly and less efficiently than wild-type ones, formed fewer new myofibers, and did not recover its normal mass 15 days after injury. Altogether, our data provide evidence that the muscle regeneration is impaired in the KI-Dnm2R465W/+ mouse and contribute with one more layer to the comprehension of the disease, by identifying a new pathomechanism linked to DNM2 mutations which may be involved in the muscle-specific impact occurring in AD-CNM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila F Almeida
- Laboratory of Muscle Proteins and Comparative Histopathology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,INSERM, Institute of Myology, Centre of Research in Myology, UMRS 974, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Marc Bitoun
- INSERM, Institute of Myology, Centre of Research in Myology, UMRS 974, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mariz Vainzof
- Laboratory of Muscle Proteins and Comparative Histopathology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
von Maltzahn J. Regulation of muscle stem cell function. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 116:295-311. [PMID: 33752822 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of skeletal muscle is a finely tuned process which is depending on muscle stem cells, a population of stem cells in skeletal muscle which is also termed satellite cells. Muscle stem cells are a prerequisite for regeneration of skeletal muscle. Of note, the muscle stem cell population is heterogeneous and subpopulations can be identified depending on gene expression or phenotypic traits. However, all muscle stem cells express the transcription factor Pax7 and their functionality is tightly controlled by intrinsic signaling pathways and extrinsic signals. The latter ones include signals form the stem cell niche as well as circulating factors such as growth factors and hormones. Among them are Wnt proteins, growth factors like IGF-1 or FGF-2 and hormones such as thyroid hormones and the anti-aging hormone Klotho. A highly orchestrated interplay between those factors and muscle stem cells is important for their full functionality and ultimately regeneration of skeletal muscle as outlined here.
Collapse
|
48
|
Ancel S, Stuelsatz P, Feige JN. Muscle Stem Cell Quiescence: Controlling Stemness by Staying Asleep. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:556-568. [PMID: 33674167 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are tissue-resident stem cells required for growth and repair of skeletal muscle, that are otherwise maintained in a cell-cycle-arrested state called quiescence. While quiescence was originally believed to be a state of cellular inactivity, increasing evidence suggests that quiescence is dynamically regulated and contributes to stemness, the long-term capacity to maintain regenerative functions. Here, we review the current understanding of MuSC quiescence and highlight recently discovered molecular markers, which differentiate depth of quiescence and influence self-renewal capacity. We also discuss how quiescent MuSCs integrate paracrine factors from their niche and dynamically regulate cell signaling, metabolism and proteostasis as they anticipate physiological needs, and how perturbing these cues during aging impairs muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ancel
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Stuelsatz
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome N Feige
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Millward DJ. Interactions between Growth of Muscle and Stature: Mechanisms Involved and Their Nutritional Sensitivity to Dietary Protein: The Protein-Stat Revisited. Nutrients 2021; 13:729. [PMID: 33668846 PMCID: PMC7996181 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood growth and its sensitivity to dietary protein is reviewed within a Protein-Stat model of growth regulation. The coordination of growth of muscle and stature is a combination of genetic programming, and of two-way mechanical interactions involving the mechanotransduction of muscle growth through stretching by bone length growth, the core Protein-Stat feature, and the strengthening of bone through muscle contraction via the mechanostat. Thus, growth in bone length is the initiating event and this is always observed. Endocrine and cellular mechanisms of growth in stature are reviewed in terms of the growth hormone-insulin like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1) and thyroid axes and the sex hormones, which together mediate endochondral ossification in the growth plate and bone lengthening. Cellular mechanisms of muscle growth during development are then reviewed identifying (a) the difficulties posed by the need to maintain its ultrastructure during myofibre hypertrophy within the extracellular matrix and the concept of muscle as concentric "bags" allowing growth to be conceived as bag enlargement and filling, (b) the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the mechanotransduction of satellite and mesenchymal stromal cells, to enable both connective tissue remodelling and provision of new myonuclei to aid myofibre hypertrophy and (c) the implications of myofibre hypertrophy for protein turnover within the myonuclear domain. Experimental data from rodent and avian animal models illustrate likely changes in DNA domain size and protein turnover during developmental and stretch-induced muscle growth and between different muscle fibre types. Growth of muscle in male rats during adulthood suggests that "bag enlargement" is achieved mainly through the action of mesenchymal stromal cells. Current understanding of the nutritional regulation of protein deposition in muscle, deriving from experimental studies in animals and human adults, is reviewed, identifying regulation by amino acids, insulin and myofibre volume changes acting to increase both ribosomal capacity and efficiency of muscle protein synthesis via the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the phenomenon of a "bag-full" inhibitory signal has been identified in human skeletal muscle. The final section deals with the nutritional sensitivity of growth of muscle and stature to dietary protein in children. Growth in length/height as a function of dietary protein intake is described in the context of the breastfed child as the normative growth model, and the "Early Protein Hypothesis" linking high protein intakes in infancy to later adiposity. The extensive paediatric studies on serum IGF-1 and child growth are reviewed but their clinical relevance is of limited value for understanding growth regulation; a role in energy metabolism and homeostasis, acting with insulin to mediate adiposity, is probably more important. Information on the influence of dietary protein on muscle mass per se as opposed to lean body mass is limited but suggests that increased protein intake in children is unable to promote muscle growth in excess of that linked to genotypic growth in length/height. One possible exception is milk protein intake, which cohort and cross-cultural studies suggest can increase height and associated muscle growth, although such effects have yet to be demonstrated by randomised controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Joe Millward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mandl M, Wagner SA, Hatzmann FM, Ejaz A, Ritthammer H, Baumgarten S, Viertler HP, Springer J, Zwierzina ME, Mattesich M, Brucker C, Waldegger P, Pierer G, Zwerschke W. Sprouty1 Prevents Cellular Senescence Maintaining Proliferation and Differentiation Capacity of Human Adipose Stem/Progenitor Cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:2308-2319. [PMID: 32304210 PMCID: PMC7662188 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Ras-Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in cellular aging is not precisely understood. Recently, we identified Sprouty1 (SPRY1) as a weight-loss target gene in human adipose stem/progenitor cells (ASCs) and showed that Sprouty1 is important for proper regulation of adipogenesis. In the present study, we show that loss-of-function of Sprouty1 by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in human ASCs leads to hyper-activation of MAPK signaling and a senescence phenotype. Sprouty1 knockout ASCs undergo an irreversible cell cycle arrest, become enlarged and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase. Sprouty1 down-regulation leads to DNA double strand breaks, a considerably increased number of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci and induction of p53 and p21Cip1. In addition, we detect an increase of hypo-phosphorylated Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein in SPRY1 knockout ASCs. p16Ink4A is not induced. Moreover, we show that Sprouty1 knockout leads to induction of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype as indicated by the activation of the transcription factors NFκB and C/EBPβ and a significant increase in mRNA expression and secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CXCL1/GROα. Finally, we demonstrate that adipogenesis is abrogated in senescent SPRY1 knockout ASCs. In conclusion, this study reveals a novel mechanism showing the importance of Sprouty1 for the prevention of senescence and the maintenance of the proliferation and differentiation capacity of human ASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Mandl
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja A Wagner
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian M Hatzmann
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heike Ritthammer
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Saphira Baumgarten
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hans P Viertler
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jochen Springer
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marit E Zwierzina
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Camille Brucker
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Waldegger
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|