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Adams M, Issaka E, Chen C. Anammox-based technologies: A review of recent advances, mechanism, and bottlenecks. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 148:151-173. [PMID: 39095154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The removal of nitrogen via the ANAMMOX process is a promising green wastewater treatment technology, with numerous benefits. The incessant studies on the ANAMMOX process over the years due to its long start-up and high operational cost has positively influenced its technological advancement, even though at a rather slow pace. At the moment, relatively new ANAMMOX technologies are being developed with the goal of treating low carbon wastewater at low temperatures, tackling nitrite and nitrate accumulation and methane utilization from digestates while also recovering resources (phosphorus) in a sustainable manner. This review compares and contrasts the handful of ANAMMOX -based processes developed thus far with plausible solutions for addressing their respective bottlenecks hindering full-scale implementation. Ultimately, future prospects for advancing understanding of mechanisms and engineering application of ANAMMOX process are posited. As a whole, technological advances in process design and patents have greatly contributed to better understanding of the ANAMMOX process, which has greatly aided in the optimization and industrialization of the ANAMMOX process. This review is intended to provide researchers with an overview of the present state of research and technological development of the ANAMMOX process, thus serving as a guide for realizing energy autarkic future practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabruk Adams
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 2155009, China; Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Eliasu Issaka
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Chongjun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 2155009, China.
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Zhang Y, Li J, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Wang X. Rapid start-up and stable operation of pilot scale denitrification-partial nitritation/anammox process for treating electroplating tail wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 409:131192. [PMID: 39094960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explored a novel economical and efficient process for treating actual low-ammonia nitrogen electroplating tail wastewater. A pilot scale system of denitrification-partial nitrification/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (DN-PN/A) was constructed and operated for 190 days. The partial nitrification (PN) reactor, filled with zeolite, increased free ammonia concentration beyond the nitrite oxidizing bacteria threshold and successfully supplied NO2--N, with nitrite accumulation rate exceeding 90 %. Over 109 days, the total nitrogen removal rate achieved was 80.2 ± 7.41 %, and the chemical oxygen demand removal rate reached 79.68 ± 9.53 %. The dominant functional bacteria were Nitrosomonas (5.45 %) and Candidatus Anammoxoglobus (28.84 %) in PN reactor and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) reactor. This process, characterized by rapid start-up, strong shock resistance, and low cost, alleviates the pressure of ammonium pollution control, promotes the sustainable development of the electroplating industry and has the potential for application in the treatment of other industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China.
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Sun Y, Du P, Li H, Zhou K, Shou L, Chen J, Meng Li. Prokaryotic community assembly patterns and nitrogen metabolic potential in oxygen minimum zone of Yangtze Estuary water column. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119011. [PMID: 38670213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
It is predicted that oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the ocean will expand as a consequence of global warming and environmental pollution. This will affect the overall microbial ecology and microbial nitrogen cycle. As one of the world's largest alluvial estuaries, the Yangtze Estuary has exhibited a seasonal OMZ since the 1980s. In this study, we have uncovered the microbial composition, the patterns of community assembly and the potential for microbial nitrogen cycling within the water column of the Yangtze Estuary, with a particular focus on OMZ. Based on the 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, a specific spatial variation in the composition of prokaryotic communities was observed for each water layer, with the Proteobacteria (46.1%), Bacteroidetes (20.3%), and Cyanobacteria (10.3%) dominant. Stochastic and deterministic processes together shaped the community assembly in the water column. Further, pH was the most important environmental factor influencing prokaryotic composition in the surface water, followed by silicate, PO43-, and distance offshore (p < 0.05). Water depth, NH4+, and PO43- were the main factors in the bottom water (p < 0.05). At last, species analysis and marker gene annotation revealed candidate nitrogen cycling performers, and a rich array of nitrogen cycling potential in the bottom water of the Yangtze Estuary. The determined physiochemical parameters and potential for nitrogen respiration suggested that organic nitrogen and NO3- (or NO2-) are the preferred nitrogen sources for microorganisms in the Yangtze Estuary OMZ. These findings are expected to advance research on the ecological responses of estuarine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) to future global climate perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ping Du
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, 310012 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, 310012 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Konglin Zhou
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, No. 200 xiyuangong Road, 350108 Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Lu Shou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, 310012 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, 310012 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
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Hu J, Qian F, Li X, Tang Y, Zhu C, Fu J, Wang J. Rapid start-up and operational characteristics of partial denitrification coupled with anammox driven by innovative strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172442. [PMID: 38614336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The Partial Denitrification-Anammox (PD/A) process established a low-consumption, efficient and sustainable pathway for complete nitrogen removal, which is of great interest to the industry. Rapid initiation and stable operation of the PD/A systems were the main issues limiting its engineering application in wastewater nitrogen removal. A PD/A system was initiated in a continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) in the presence of low concentration of organic matter, and the effects of organic matter types and COD/NO3--N ratios on the performance of the PD/A system, and microbial community characteristics were explored. The results showed that low concentrations of organic matter could promote the rapid initiation of the Anammox process and then the strategy of gradually replacing NO2--N with NO3--N could successfully initiate the PD/A system at 70 days. The type of organic matter had a significant effect on the initiation of the Anammox and the establishment of the PD/A system. Compared to glucose, sodium acetate was more favorable for rapid start-up and the synergy among microorganisms, and organic matter was lower, with an optimal COD/NO3--N ratio of 3.0. Microorganisms differed in their sensitivity to environmental factors. The relative abundance of Planctomycetota and Proteobacteria in R2 was 51 %, with the presence of three typical anammox bacteria, Candidatus_Brocadia, Candidatus_Kuenenia, and Candidatus_Jettenia in the system. This study provides a new strategy for the rapid initiation and stable operation of the PD/A process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntong Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Feiyue Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Urban Domestic Wastewater Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Xingran Li
- Tianping College, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Yuchao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Chen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Jie Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Urban Domestic Wastewater Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Tianping College, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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Zhou L, Liang M, Zhang D, Niu X, Li K, Lin Z, Luo X, Huang Y. Recent advances in swine wastewater treatment technologies for resource recovery: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171557. [PMID: 38460704 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Swine wastewater (SW), characterized by highly complex organic and nutrient substances, poses serious impacts on aquatic environment and public health. Furthermore, SW harbors valuable resources that possess substantial economic potential. As such, SW treatment technologies place increased emphasis on resource recycling, while progressively advancing towards energy saving, sustainability, and circular economy principles. This review comprehensively encapsulates the state-of-the-art knowledge for treating SW, including conventional (i.e., constructed wetlands, air stripping and aerobic system) and resource-utilization-based (i.e., anaerobic digestion, membrane separation, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, microbial fuel cells, and microalgal-based system) technologies. Furthermore, this research also elaborates the key factors influencing the SW treatment performance, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, hydraulic retention time and organic loading rate. The potentials for reutilizing energy, biomass and digestate produced during the SW treatment processes are also summarized. Moreover, the obstacles associated with full-scale implementation, long-term treatment, energy-efficient design, and nutrient recovery of various resource-utilization-based SW treatment technologies are emphasized. In addition, future research prospective, such as prioritization of process optimization, in-depth exploration of microbial mechanisms, enhancement of energy conversion efficiency, and integration of diverse technologies, are highlighted to expand engineering applications and establish a sustainable SW treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ming Liang
- Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou 510700, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Kai Li
- The Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Zitao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Yuying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
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Ponce-Jahen SJ, Cercado B, Estrada-Arriaga EB, Rangel-Mendez JR, Cervantes FJ. Anammox with alternative electron acceptors: perspectives for nitrogen removal from wastewaters. Biodegradation 2024; 35:47-70. [PMID: 37436663 PMCID: PMC10774155 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process (anammox), great scientific advances have been made over the past two decades, making anammox a consolidated technology widely used worldwide for nitrogen removal from wastewaters. This review provides a detailed and comprehensive description of the anammox process, the microorganisms involved and their metabolism. In addition, recent research on the application of the anammox process with alternative electron acceptors is described, highlighting the biochemical reactions involved, its advantages and potential applications for specific wastewaters. An updated description is also given of studies reporting the ability of microorganisms to couple the anammox process to extracellular electron transfer to insoluble electron acceptors; particularly iron, carbon-based materials and electrodes in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). The latter, also referred to as anodic anammox, is a promising strategy to combine the ammonium removal from wastewater with bioelectricity production, which is discussed here in terms of its efficiency, economic feasibility, and energetic aspects. Therefore, the information provided in this review is relevant for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Ponce-Jahen
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Bibiana Cercado
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, Querétaro, 76703, Pedro Escobedo, Mexico
| | - Edson Baltazar Estrada-Arriaga
- Subcoordinación de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, Progreso, C.P. 62550, Morelos, Mexico
| | - J Rene Rangel-Mendez
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, SLP78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Cervantes
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Oshiki M, Morimoto E, Kobayashi K, Satoh H, Okabe S. Collaborative metabolisms of urea and cyanate degradation in marine anammox bacterial culture. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycad007. [PMID: 38304081 PMCID: PMC10833080 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Anammox process greatly contributes to nitrogen loss occurring in oceanic oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), where the availability of NH4+ is scarce as compared with NO2-. Remineralization of organic nitrogen compounds including urea and cyanate (OCN-) into NH4+ has been believed as an NH4+ source of the anammox process in oxygen minimum zones. However, urea- or OCN-- dependent anammox has not been well examined due to the lack of marine anammox bacterial culture. In the present study, urea and OCN- degradation in a marine anammox bacterial consortium were investigated based on 15N-tracer experiments and metagenomic analysis. Although a marine anammox bacterium, Candidatus Scalindua sp., itself was incapable of urea and OCN- degradation, urea was anoxically decomposed to NH4+ by the coexisting ureolytic bacteria (Rhizobiaceae, Nitrosomonadaceae, and/or Thalassopiraceae bacteria), whereas OCN- was abiotically degraded to NH4+. The produced NH4+ was subsequently utilized in the anammox process. The activity of the urea degradation increased under microaerobic condition (ca. 32-42 μM dissolved O2, DO), and the contribution of the anammox process to the total nitrogen loss also increased up to 33.3% at 32 μM DO. Urea-dependent anammox activities were further examined in a fluid thioglycolate media with a vertical gradient of O2 concentration, and the active collaborative metabolism of the urea degradation and anammox was detected at the lower oxycline (21 μM DO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Oshiki
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Emi Morimoto
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kanae Kobayashi
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Extra-Cutting-Edge Science and Technology Avant-Garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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Ma X, Feng ZT, Zhou JM, Sun YJ, Zhang QQ. Regulation mechanism of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in nitrogen removal processes: A Comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140670. [PMID: 37951396 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As the new fashioned nitrogen removal process, short-cut nitrification and denitrification (SHARON) process, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, partial nitrification and anammox (PN/A) process and partial denitrification and anammox (PD/A) process entered into the public eye due to its advantages of high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and low energy consumption. However, the above process also be limited by long-term start-up time, unstable operation, complicated process regulation and so on. As intermediates or by-metabolites of functional microorganisms in above processes, hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and hydrazine (N2H4) improved NRE of the above processes by promoting functional enzyme activity, accelerating electron transport efficiency and regulating distribution of microbial communities. Therefore, this review discussed effects of NH2OH and N2H4 on stability and NRE of above processes, analyzed regulatory mechanism from functional enzyme activity, electron transport efficiency and microbial community distribution. Finally, the challenges and limitations for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) produced from regulation of NH2OH and N2H4 are discussed. In additional, perspectives on future trends in technology development are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ze-Tong Feng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhou
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ying-Jun Sun
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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Liu S, Wu F, Guo M, Zeng M, Liu W, Wang Z, Wu N, Cao J. A comprehensive literature mining and analysis of nitrous oxide emissions from different innovative mainstream anammox-based biological nitrogen removal processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166295. [PMID: 37586540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The biological nitrogen removal (BNR) process in wastewater treatment plants generates a substantial volume of nitrous oxide (N2O), which possesses a potent greenhouse gas effect. A limited number of studies have systematically investigated the N2O emissions of anammox-based systems with different BNR processes under mainstream conditions. Based on extensive big data statistical analysis, it had been revealed that simultaneous nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD), partial nitritation anammox (PNA) and partial denitrification anammox (PDA), exhibit significantly lower N2O emission factors when compared to traditional BNR processes. The median values for N2O emission factors were determined to be 1.01 %, 1.15 % and 1.43 % for SNAD, PNA and PDA, respectively. Based on nitrogen removal data and N2O emission factors, the N2O emissions from PNA, SNAD and PDA processes were calculated to be 0.016 g·d-1, 0.037 g·d-1 and 0.008 g·d-1, respectively. Furthermore, the machine learning models (SVM and ANN) exhibited excellent predictive performance for N2O emissions in the BNR processes. However, after removing environmental factors, the R2 value of the SVM model sharply decreased. The SHAP feature analysis demonstrated the significant impact of environmental factors on the accuracy of predictive performance in machine learning models. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between N2O emissions and operational factors as well as microbial communities. The results demonstrated a negative correlation between HRT, temperature and C/N with N2O emissions. Moreover, strong associations were observed between Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Denitratisoma, Thauera species and N2O emissions. The contribution of N2O production via AOB pathways played a key role that was quantitatively calculated to be 93 %, 80 % and 48 % in the PNA, SNAD and PDA processes, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of these innovative BNR processes in mitigating N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzhu Guo
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jingguo Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
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Zhao R, Le Moine Bauer S, Babbin AR. " Candidatus Subterrananammoxibiaceae," a New Anammox Bacterial Family in Globally Distributed Marine and Terrestrial Subsurfaces. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0080023. [PMID: 37470485 PMCID: PMC10467342 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00800-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria specialized in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) are widespread in many anoxic habitats and form an important functional guild in the global nitrogen cycle by consuming bio-available nitrogen for energy rather than biomass production. Due to their slow growth rates, cultivation-independent approaches have been used to decipher their diversity across environments. However, their full diversity has not been well recognized. Here, we report a new family of putative anammox bacteria, "Candidatus Subterrananammoxibiaceae," existing in the globally distributed terrestrial and marine subsurface (groundwater and sediments of estuary, deep-sea, and hadal trenches). We recovered a high-quality metagenome-assembled genome of this family, tentatively named "Candidatus Subterrananammoxibius californiae," from a California groundwater site. The "Ca. Subterrananammoxibius californiae" genome not only contains genes for all essential components of anammox metabolism (e.g., hydrazine synthase, hydrazine oxidoreductase, nitrite reductase, and nitrite oxidoreductase) but also has the capacity for urea hydrolysis. In an Arctic ridge sediment core where redox zonation is well resolved, "Ca. Subterrananammoxibiaceae" is confined within the nitrate-ammonium transition zone where the anammox rate maximum occurs, providing environmental proof of the anammox activity of this new family. Phylogenetic analysis of nitrite oxidoreductase suggests that a horizontal transfer facilitated the spreading of the nitrite oxidation capacity between anammox bacteria (in the Planctomycetota phylum) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria from Nitrospirota and Nitrospinota. By recognizing this new anammox family, we propose that all lineages within the "Ca. Brocadiales" order have anammox capacity. IMPORTANCE Microorganisms called anammox bacteria are efficient in removing bioavailable nitrogen from many natural and human-made environments. They exist in almost every anoxic habitat where both ammonium and nitrate/nitrite are present. However, only a few anammox bacteria have been cultured in laboratory settings, and their full phylogenetic diversity has not been recognized. Here, we present a new bacterial family whose members are present across both the terrestrial and marine subsurface. By reconstructing a high-quality genome from the groundwater environment, we demonstrate that this family has all critical enzymes of anammox metabolism and, notably, also urea utilization. This bacterium family in marine sediments is also preferably present in the niche where the anammox process occurs. These findings suggest that this novel family, named "Candidatus Subterrananammoxibiaceae," is an overlooked group of anammox bacteria, which should have impacts on nitrogen cycling in a range of environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sven Le Moine Bauer
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrew R. Babbin
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Cheng L, Yang W, Liang H, Nabi M, Li Y, Wang H, Hu J, Chen T, Gao D. Nitrogen removal from mature landfill leachate through enhanced Partial Nitrification-Anammox process in an innovative multi-stage fixed biofilm reactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162959. [PMID: 36948321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the current integrated PN/A method/process for mature landfill leachate treatment, microbial inhibition and low nitrogen removal capacity are the big barriers due to high ammonia concentration and low C/N. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a high-rate nitrogen removal lab-scale reactor, which combines pre-denitrification and Partial Nitrification-Anammox (PN/A) in a multi-stage fixed biofilm reactor (MFBR), for mature landfill leachate treatment. A nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 90.43 % and an average nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.94 kg/m3·d were observed at an influent NH+ 4-N concentration of 2274.39 mg/L during the last operational phase. The nitrogen mass balance showed that the nitrogen concentration gradually decreases along the course, and nitrogen was mainly removed in the aerobic chambers, in which Anammox contributed to 86.4 % of the removed nitrogen, while the front anoxic chamber is mainly used to remove NO- 3-N from the recirculation. Redundancy analysis showed that the variation in NH+ 4-N concentration along the course was the main factor affecting microbial community succession, which shows that the reactor configuration enables efficient cooperation and distribution of different microorganisms. Moreover, economic analysis of MFBR process showed that the energy consumption and carbon addition were reduced by 58.9 % and 100 %, respectively. Therefore, the MFBR established in this study, with its new configuration, achieves efficient treatment of landfill leachate in a single reactor and is environmentally friendly, and could be considered as a reference for full-scale landfill leachate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Cheng
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment (Ministry of Education), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Mohammad Nabi
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Shanghai SUS Environmental Remediation Co., LTD, Shanghai 201703, China
| | - Jiachen Hu
- Shanghai SUS Environmental Remediation Co., LTD, Shanghai 201703, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment (Ministry of Education), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment (Ministry of Education), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment (Ministry of Education), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
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12
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Li Y, Chen Z, Zhou S, Fan J, Huang L, Deng Z, Zhang C, Wang X. Improving stability and nitrogen removal performance of pilot-scale autotrophic process for mature landfill leachate treatment utilizing in-situ organics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 381:129118. [PMID: 37141999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study established a stable and efficient pilot-scale denitrification (DN) and partial nitritation (PN) combined with autotrophic nitrogen removal process for mature landfill leachate treatment. A total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency (TINRE) of 95.3% was achieved without any external carbon source input, including 17.1%, 1.0% and 77.2% of nitrogen removal contributed by the DN, PN and autotrophic processes, respectively. ANAMMOX genus, Ca_Anammoxoglobus (19.4%) was dominant in autotrophic reactor. Moreover, denitrifying bacteria could utilize in-situ organics, including poorly degradable organics, to enhance the nitrogen removal performance of autotrophic process, contributing 3.4% of TINRE. This study provides new insights for the economical, low-carbon, and efficient treatment of mature landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Junhao Fan
- Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Linxiang Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zexi Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China.
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13
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Zuo F, Yue W, Gui S, Sui Q, Wei Y. Resilience of anammox application from sidestream to mainstream: A combined system coupling denitrification, partial nitritation and partial denitrification with anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128783. [PMID: 36828226 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a potential process to achieve the neutralization of energy and carbon. Due to the low temperature and variation of municipal sewage, the application of mainstream anammox is hard to be implemented. For spreading mainstream anammox in practice, several key issues and bottlenecks including the start-up, stable NO2--N supply, maintenance and dominance of AnAOB with high activity, prevention of NO3--N buildup, reduction of sludge loss, adaption to the seasonal temperature and alleviation of COD impacts on AnAOB are discussed and summarized in this review in order to improve its startup, stable operation and resilience of mainstream anammox. Hence a combined biological nitrogen removal (CBNR) system based on conventional denitrification, shortcut nitrification-denitrification, Partial Nitritation and partial Denitrification combined Anammox (PANDA) process through the management of organic matter and nitrate is proposed correspondingly aiming at adaptation to the variations of seasonal temperature and pollutants in influent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumin Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenhui Yue
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuanglin Gui
- Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
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14
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Chen H, Liu K, Yang E, Chen J, Gu Y, Wu S, Yang M, Wang H, Wang D, Li H. A critical review on microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process: Dynamic balance of complex functional microbes for nitrogen removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159462. [PMID: 36257429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The novel biological nitrogen removal process has been extensively studied for its high nitrogen removal efficiency, energy efficiency, and greenness. A successful novel biological nitrogen removal process has a stable microecological equilibrium and benign interactions between the various functional bacteria. However, changes in the external environment can easily disrupt the dynamic balance of the microecology and affect the activity of functional bacteria in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. Therefore, this review focuses on the microecology in existing the novel biological nitrogen removal process, including the growth characteristics of functional microorganisms and their interactions, together with the effects of different influencing factors on the evolution of microbial communities. This provides ideas for achieving a stable dynamic balance of the microecology in a novel biological nitrogen removal process. Furthermore, to investigate deeply the mechanisms of microbial interactions in novel biological nitrogen removal process, this review also focuses on the influence of quorum sensing (QS) systems on nitrogen removal microbes, regulated by which bacteria secrete acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules to regulate microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. However, the mechanisms of action of AHLs on the regulation of functional bacteria have not been fully determined and the composition of QS system circuits requires further investigation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to further apply molecular analysis techniques and the theory of systems ecology in the future to enhance the exploration of microbial species and ecological niches, providing a deeper scientific basis for the development of a novel biological nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ke Liu
- China Machinery International Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Enzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanling Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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15
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Chen Z, Wang X, Zhou S, Fan J, Chen Y. Large-scale (500 kg N/day) two-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process for liquid-ammonia mercerization wastewater treatment: Rapid start-up and long-term operational performance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116404. [PMID: 36375427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen pollution control of liquid-ammonia mercerization wastewater (LMWW) is one of the typical obstacle restricting the sustainability of textile industry. In this study, a 500 kg N/day two-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process containing PN reactor filled with zeolite and biofilm anammox reactors was successfully started up in 45 days and operated stably with high shock resistance over one year for LMWW treatment. The large-scale process achieved an average ammonium removal efficiency (94.3 ± 2.3%), total nitrogen removal efficiency (89.4 ± 2.7%) and nitrogen removal rate (1.003 ± 0.386 kg N/m3/day) during one year engineering operation. Simultaneous denitrification was revealed by the contribution of 5.2% total nitrogen removed. High-throughput sequencing results showed that Nitrosomonas was the most dominant genus in PN reactor, and Ca. Anammoxoglobus and Ca. Kuenenia were the functional bacteria for nitrogen removal in anammox reactors. Compared to traditional nitrification-denitrification process, the large-scale process reduced a total operational cost of 46.03 CNY/kg N for LMWW. This study revealed the proposed process was quite reliable with fast start-up and high impact resistance to overcome the obstacle of nitrogen pollution control for LMWW economically and conducive to the sustainable development for textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China.
| | | | - Junhao Fan
- Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
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16
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Cheenakula D, Griebel K, Montag D, Grömping M. Concept development of a mainstream deammonification and comparison with conventional process in terms of energy, performance and economical construction perspectives. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1155235. [PMID: 37113237 PMCID: PMC10126410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8-20°C), pH (6-9) and COD:N ratio (1-6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraja Cheenakula
- Institute NOWUM-Energy, FH Aachen, University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dheeraja Cheenakula,
| | - Kai Griebel
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Montag
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Grömping
- Institute NOWUM-Energy, FH Aachen, University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany
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17
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Kim M, Cui F. Identification of bacterial communities in conventional wastewater treatment sludge to inform inoculation of the anammox process. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137167. [PMID: 36356812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study uses 16 S rRNA gene pyrosequencing for the identification of a vast number of wastewater bacterial communities to investigate the evolution of bacterial communities in the Anammox process. Four lab-scale Anammox reactors inoculated with different conventional wastewater treatment sludge (activated sludge, livestock wastewater treatment sludge, denitrification sludge, and anaerobic digestion sludge) were operated under identical operating conditions for more than 400 days. The phylum Planctomycetes was present in all seeds of conventional sludge with a relative abundance of 1-3%. In particular, the known Anammox bacteria Candidatus Brocadia was found in the seed of the denitrification sludge. The reactor inoculated with denitrification sludge demonstrated the most effective nitrogen removal of ∼80% with successful cultivation of Anammox bacteria. This study found that the performance of the Anammox process is related to the presence of Nitrospira genus (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) and that symbiotic association with other functional groups can lead to nitrogen removal. The outcomes of this study can provide vital insight into the study of microbial ecology for the cultivation of Anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonil Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan City, Kyeonggido, 426-791, Republic of Korea.
| | - Fenghao Cui
- Center for Creative Convergence Education, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan City, Kyeonggido, 426-791, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Yang Y, Long Y, Xu J, Liu S, Liu L, Liu C, Tian Y. Achieving robust and highly efficient nitrogen removal in a mainstream anammox reactor by introducing low concentrations of readily biodegradable organics. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1186819. [PMID: 37187540 PMCID: PMC10175599 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1186819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an anammox reactor was operated to treat low-strength (NH4+ + NO2-, 25-35 mg/L) wastewater without (phase I) or with (phase II) readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (rbCOD). In phase I, although efficient nitrogen removal was achieved at the beginning, nitrate accumulated in the effluent after long-term operation (75 days), resulting in a decrease in the nitrogen removal efficiency to 30%. Microbial analysis revealed that the abundance of anammox bacteria decreased from 2.15 to 1.78%, whereas that of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) increased from 0.14 to 0.56%. In phase II, rbCOD, in terms of acetate, was introduced into the reactor with a carbon/nitrogen ratio of 0.9. The nitrate concentration in the effluent decreased within 2 days. Advanced nitrogen removal was achieved in the following operation, with an average effluent total nitrogen of 3.4 mg/L. Despite the introduction of rbCOD, anammox pathway still dominated to the nitrogen loss. High-throughput sequencing indicated that high anammox abundance (2.48%) further supports its dominant position. The improvement in nitrogen removal was attributed to the enhanced suppression of NOB activity, simultaneous nitrate polishing through partial denitrification and anammox, and promotion of sludge granulation. Overall, the introduction of low concentrations of rbCOD is a feasible strategy for achieving robust and efficient nitrogen removal in mainstream anammox reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology Under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yandong Yang,
| | - Yanan Long
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shichong Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
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19
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Peng L, Shi R, Tao Y, Huang Q, Yang M, He Y, Xu W. Starting up anammox system with high efficiency nitrogen removal at low temperatures: Performance optimization, sludge characterization and microbial community analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116542. [PMID: 36326524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has potential advantages for nitrogen removal when operating at medium temperatures, but the increased operation costs of heating limit its application. It would be advantageous to start and operate anammox at low temperatures, the feasibility of which was studied here on a lab scale. Two identical expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors were inoculated at 35 ± 1 °C (Amed) and 15 ± 3 °C (Alow). Results showed that anammox was successful after 138 d for Alow, only 7 d longer than Amed. Stable operation to 194 d in Alow, the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) increased to 1.01 kg m-3·d-1, giving a high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 85%, which was only slightly lower than that of Amed (90%). More extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was produced by the microbes of Alow compared to Amed, which prevented anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) against low temperature stress. Microbial community revealed presence of Candidatus Jettenia in Amed with relative abundance 7.4%, while the "cold-tolerant" Candidatus Kuenenia with 4% was the dominant anammox bacteria in Alow. The anammox granules adapted well to low temperatures and demonstrated high efficiency in anammox process without heating. Therefore, constructing an energy-saving and cost-effective anammox system in high latitudes or high altitudes can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liurui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Rui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Youqi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Maoyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yuecheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Wenlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
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20
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Lu Y, Natarajan G, Nguyen TQN, Thi SS, Arumugam K, Seviour T, Williams RBH, Wuertz S, Law Y. Controlling anammox speciation and biofilm attachment strategy using N-biotransformation intermediates and organic carbon levels. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21720. [PMID: 36522527 PMCID: PMC9755228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment requires a high oxygen and energy input. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), the single-step conversion of ammonium and nitrite to nitrogen gas, is a more energy and cost effective alternative applied extensively to sidestream wastewater treatment. It would also be a mainstream treatment option if species diversity and physiology were better understood. Anammox bacteria were enriched up to 80%, 90% and 50% relative abundance, from a single inoculum, under standard enrichment conditions with either stepwise-nitrite and ammonia concentration increases (R1), nitric oxide supplementation (R2), or complex organic carbon from mainstream wastewater (R3), respectively. Candidatus Brocadia caroliniensis predominated in all reactors, but a shift towards Ca. Brocadia sinica occurred at ammonium and nitrite concentrations > 270 mg NH4-N L-1 and 340 mg NO2-N L-1 respectively. With NO present, heterotrophic growth was inhibited, and Ca. Jettenia coexisted with Ca. B. caroliniensis before diminishing as nitrite increased to 160 mg NO2-N L-1. Organic carbon supplementation led to the emergence of heterotrophic communities that coevolved with Ca. B. caroliniensis. Ca. B. caroliniensis and Ca. Jettenia preferentially formed biofilms on surfaces, whereas Ca. Brocadia sinica formed granules in suspension. Our results indicate that multiple anammox bacteria species co-exist and occupy sub-niches in anammox reactors, and that the dominant population can be reversibly shifted by, for example, changing nitrogen load (i.e. high nitrite concentration favors Ca. Brocadia caroliniensis). Speciation has implications for wastewater process design, where the optimum cell immobilization strategy (i.e. carriers vs granules) depends on which species dominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Present Address: The Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Gayathri Natarajan
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Thi Quynh Ngoc Nguyen
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Present Address: Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138632 Singapore
| | - Sara Swa Thi
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Krithika Arumugam
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Thomas Seviour
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Centre for Water Technology (WATEC) & Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 36, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rohan B. H. Williams
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.59025.3b0000 0001 2224 0361School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - Yingyu Law
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
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21
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Ji XM, Zhang Q, Liu W, Cai S, Chen L, Cai T, Yu H. The organics-mediated microbial dynamics and mixotrophic metabolisms in anammox consortia under micro-aerobic conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116262. [PMID: 36183528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The engineering applications of mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) have raised increasing attention due to its energy-efficient, however, the organics-mediated microbial dynamics and mixotrophic metabolisms in anammox consortia under micro-aerobic conditions are still elusive. Here, the response of the anammox process to sodium acetate and glucose at a C/N ratio ranging from 0 to 0.5 was investigated under micro-aerobic conditions, respectively. Results showed that the additional glucose could promote the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of anammox processes at a low C/N ratio (0.3), representing 84.00% and 0.53 N kg·m-3·d-1. The introduced organics could regulate the diversity of the microbial community and simplify the microbial relationship in anammox consortia. Anammox could not benefit from the introduced sodium acetate, while glucose could effectively enhance the anammox activity and microbial interactions in anammox consortia. Glucose might also stimulate the mixotrophic mechanism of Ca. Kuenenia, further promotes the proliferation of anammox sludge under micro-aerobic conditions. This study reveals that glucose could positively mediate microbial interactions and mixotrophic metabolism in anammox consortia under micro-aerobic conditions, which raises a new horizon for the proliferation of anammox sludge for mainstream engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Shu Cai
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Liwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hongxia Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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22
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zhao L, Liu W, Chen L, Cai T, Ji XM. Microbial dynamics reveal the adaptation strategies of ecological niche in distinct anammox consortia under mainstream conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114318. [PMID: 36116498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of anammox-based processes for nitrogen-contained wastewater treatment has been verified with different anammox bacteria, however, the ecological niche of anammox bacteria under mainstream conditions is still elusive. In this study, six sludge samples collected from different habitats were utilized to culture anammox bacteria under mainstream conditions, and two distinct anammox genera (Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia) with a relative abundance of 6.31% (C1) and 3.09% (C3), respectively, were identified. Notably, the microbial dynamics revealed that anammox bacteria (AMX), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), Chloroflexi bacteria (CFX), and heterotrophic denitrification bacteria (HDB) were the core members in anammox consortia. However, Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia occupied different ecological niches in anammox consortia. The dissolved oxygen and microbial structures of the anammox-continuous stirred tank reactor systems were the main factors to affect their niche differentiation. Meanwhile, comammox might exist in the systems and occupy the ecological niche of AOB in nitrogen cycling. The network analysis suggested that Ignavibacterium could be the associated bacteria in Ca. Kuenenia-dominated consortia, while Ca. Nitrotoga was that in the Ca. Brocadia-dominated consortia. Our findings reveal a valuable reference for the observation of distinct anammox genera under mainstream conditions, which provides theoretical guidance for the engineering application of mainstream anammox-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Leizhen Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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23
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Yang Y, Lu Z, Azari M, Kartal B, Du H, Cai M, Herbold CW, Ding X, Denecke M, Li X, Li M, Gu JD. Discovery of a new genus of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria with a mechanism for oxygen tolerance. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119165. [PMID: 36257158 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the past 20 years, there has been a major stride in understanding the core mechanism of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria, but there are still several discussion points on their survival strategies. Here, we discovered a new genus of anammox bacteria in a full-scale wastewater-treating biofilm system, tentatively named "Candidatus Loosdrechtia aerotolerans". Next to genes of all core anammox metabolisms, it encoded and transcribed genes involved in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), which coupled to oxidation of small organic acids, could be used to replenish ammonium and sustain their metabolism. Surprisingly, it uniquely harbored a new ferredoxin-dependent nitrate reductase, which has not yet been found in any other anammox genome and might confer a selective advantage to it in nitrate assimilation. Similar to many other microorganisms, superoxide dismutase and catalase related to oxidative stress resistance were encoded and transcribed by "Ca. Loosdrechtia aerotolerans". Interestingly, bilirubin oxidase (BOD), likely involved in oxygen resistance of anammox bacteria under fluctuating oxygen concentrations, was identified in "Ca. Loosdrechtia aerotolerans" and four Ca. Brocadia genomes, and its activity was demonstrated using purified heterologously expressed proteins. A following survey of oxygen-active proteins in anammox bacteria revealed the presence of other previously undetected oxygen defense systems. The novel cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase and bifunctional catalase-peroxidase may confer a selective advantage to Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Scalindua that face frequent changes in oxygen concentrations. The discovery of this new genus significantly broadens our understanding of the ecophysiology of anammox bacteria. Furthermore, the diverse oxygen tolerance strategies employed by distinct anammox bacteria advance our understanding of their niche adaptability and provide valuable insight for the operation of anammox-based wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Azari
- Department of Aquatic Environmental Engineering, Institute for Water and River Basin Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Gotthard-Franz-Str. 3, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Boran Kartal
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Huan Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Xinghua Ding
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin Denecke
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Zhang Q, Xu X, Zhang R, Shao B, Fan K, Zhao L, Ji X, Ren N, Lee DJ, Chen C. The mixed/mixotrophic nitrogen removal for the effective and sustainable treatment of wastewater: From treatment process to microbial mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119269. [PMID: 36279615 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal (BNR) is one of the most important environmental concerns in the field of wastewater treatment. The conventional BNR process based on heterotrophic nitrogen removal (HeNR) is suffering from several limitations, including external carbon source dependence, excessive sludge production, and greenhouse gas emissions. Through the mediation of autotrophic nitrogen removal (AuNR), mixed/mixotrophic nitrogen removal (MixNR) offers a viable solution to the optimization of the BNR process. Here, the recent advance and characteristics of MixNR process guided by sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) and anammox are summarized in this review. Additionally, we discuss the functional microorganisms in different MixNR systems, shedding light on metabolic mechanisms and microbial interactions. The significance of MixNR for carbon reduction in the BNR process has also been noted. The knowledge gaps and the future research directions that may facilitate the practical application of the MixNR process are highlighted. Overall, the prospect of the MixNR process is attractive, and this review will provide guidance for the future implementation of MixNR process as well as deciphering the microbially metabolic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ruochen Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Kaili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
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25
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Deng L, Peng Y, Wu C, Gao R, Li W, Kao C, Li J. Mutual boost of granulation and enrichment of anammox bacteria in an anaerobic/oxic/anoxic system as the temperature decreases when treating municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127336. [PMID: 35618188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is an important factor affecting the municipal wastewater treatment systems. The aim of this study was tracking the variations in the abundance of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and the sludge form as the temperature decreased. Mutual boost of granulation and enrichment of AnAOB was achieved even though the temperature dropped from 20.4 °C to 12.9 °C. The average particle size of the sludge increased from 128.5 μm to 245.6 μm. With low dissolved oxygen (DO) aeration (0.2-0.5 mg/L) and short oxic hydraulic retention time (HRT) (5 h), nitritation in the anaerobic/oxic/anoxic (AOA) system was stable enough to provide NO2- for AnAOB. Ca. Brocadia, a type of typical AnAOB, was enriched from 0.03% to 0.24% in the suspended sludge and reached 16.09% in the granular sludge. Overall, this study presents the prospects of anammox and granule technologies when treating municipal wastewater at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ruitao Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chengkun Kao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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26
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Wang Y, Wu G, Zheng X, Mao W, Guan Y. Synergistic ammonia and nitrate removal in a novel pyrite-driven autotrophic denitrification biofilter. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127223. [PMID: 35483533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrite is one kind of cost-effective electron donors for nitrate denitrification. In this study, a pyrite-driven autotrophic denitrification biofilter was applied for simultaneous removal of NH4+ and NO3- over the 150-day. The influent NH4+/NO3- ratio (0.3-1.7) had less effect on system performance, while for the hydraulic retention times (HRTs, 24-3 h), the removal percentage of both > 90% and removal loading rates of 52.8 and 59.4 mg N/(L·d) for NH4+ and NO3- removal were obtained at the HRT of 6 h. The 16S rRNA genes analysis showed that Ferritrophicum, Thiobacillus, Candidatus_Brocadia, and unidentified_Nitrospiraceae were predominant. Analyses of nitrogen and sulfur metabolism showed that ammonia was removed by complete nitrification, nitrate was reduced to N2, and sulfide was oxidized to sulfate. Dynamics of pollutants within the reactor and microbial activity showed nitrification/Anammox and pyrite-driven autotrophic denitrification were responsible for the synergistic removal of NH4+/NO3- in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Xiaona Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Wei Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yuntao Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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27
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Jeon J, Cho K, Kang J, Park S, Uchenna Esther Ada O, Park J, Song M, Viet Ly Q, Bae H. Combined machine learning and biomolecular analysis for stability assessment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation under salt stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127206. [PMID: 35477105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the stability of the total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) was modeled using an artificial neural network (ANN)-based binary classification model for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (AMX) process under saline conditions. The TNRE was stabilized to 80.2 ± 11.4% at the final phase under the salinity of 1.0 ± 0.02%. The results of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis showed the predominance of Candidatus Jettenia genus. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed the average abundance of Ca. Jettenia and Kuenenia spp. increased in 3.2 ± 5.4 × 108 and 2.0 ± 2.2 × 105 copies/mL, respectively. The prediction accuracy using operational parameters with data augmentation was 88.2%. However, integration with T-RFLP and real-time qPCR signals improved the prediction accuracy by 97.1%. This study revealed the feasible application of machine learning and biomolecular signals to the stability prediction of the AMX process under increased salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbeom Jeon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinkyu Kang
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suin Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Okpete Uchenna Esther Ada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Precision Medicine, Step Forward Personalized Medicine (SPMED), Busan 46508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minsu Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Quang Viet Ly
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Jia F, Chen J, Zhao X, Liu C, Li Y, Ma J, Yang A, Yao H. Morphological and Spatial Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Pilot-Scale Autotrophic Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge System Treating Coal to Ethylene Glycol Wastewater. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:927650. [PMID: 35722350 PMCID: PMC9201488 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of microbial compositions in different dimensions is essential to achieve the successful design and operation of the partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process. This study investigated the microbial communities of different sludge morphologies and spatial distribution in the one-stage PN/A process of treating real coal to ethylene glycol (CtEG) wastewater at a pilot-scale integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor. The results showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was mainly distributed in flocs (13.56 ± 3.16%), whereas anammox bacteria (AnAOB) was dominated in the biofilms (17.88 ± 8.05%). Furthermore, the dominant AnAOB genus in biofilms among the first three chambers was Candidatus Brocadia (6.46 ± 2.14% to 11.82 ± 6.33%), whereas it was unexpectedly transformed to Candidatus Kuenenia (9.47 ± 1.70%) and Candidatus Anammoxoglobus (8.56 ± 4.69%) in the last chamber. This demonstrated that the niche differentiation resulting from morphological (dissolved oxygen) and spatial heterogeneity (gradient distribution of nutrients and toxins) was the main reason for dominant bacterial distribution. Overall, this study presents more comprehensive information on the heterogeneous distribution and transformation of communities in PN/A processes, providing a theoretical basis for targeted culture and selection of microbial communities in practical engineering.
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29
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Bryson SJ, Hunt KA, Stahl DA, Winkler MKH. Metagenomic Insights Into Competition Between Denitrification and Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Within One-Stage and Two-Stage Partial-Nitritation Anammox Bioreactor Configurations. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825104. [PMID: 35547121 PMCID: PMC9083452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Anammox) are implemented in high-efficiency wastewater treatment systems operated in two general configurations; one-stage systems combine aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Anammox within a single aerated reactor, whereas two-stage configurations separate these processes into discrete tanks. Within both configurations heterotrophic populations that perform denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) compete for carbon and nitrate or nitrite and can impact reactor performance because DNRA retains nitrogen in the system. Therefore, it is important to understand how selective pressures imposed by one-stage and two-stage reactor configurations impact the microbial community structure and associated nitrogen transforming functions. We performed 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing on different biomass fractions (granules, flocs, and suspended biomass) sampled from two facilities treating sludge dewatering centrate: a one-stage treatment facility (Chambers Creek, Tacoma, WA) and a two-stage system (Rotterdam, Netherlands). Similar microbial populations were identified across the different samples, but relative abundances differed between reactor configurations and biomass sources. Analysis of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) indicated different lifestyles for abundant heterotrophic populations. Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi MAGs had varying capacity for DNRA and denitrification. Acidobacteria MAGs possessed high numbers of glycosyl hydrolases and glycosyl transferases indicating a role in biomass degradation. Ignavibacteria and Phycosphaerae MAGs contributed to the greater relative abundance of DNRA associated nrf genes in the two-stage granules and contained genomic features suggesting a preference for an anoxic or microoxic niche. In the one-stage granules a MAG assigned to Burkholderiales accounted for much of the abundant denitrification genes and had genomic features, including the potential for autotrophic denitrification using reduced sulfur, that indicate an ability to adapt its physiology to varying redox conditions. Overall, the competition for carbon substrates between denitrifying and DNRA performing heterotrophs may be impacted by configuration specific selective pressures. In one-stage systems oxygen availability in the bulk liquid and the oxygen gradient within granules would provide a greater niche space for heterotrophic populations capable of utilizing both oxygen and nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptors, compared to two-stage systems where a homogeneous anoxic environment would favor heterotrophic populations primarily adapted to anaerobic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Bryson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristopher A Hunt
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David A Stahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mari-Karoliina H Winkler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Wang L, Gu W, Liu Y, Liang P, Zhang X, Huang X. Challenges, solutions and prospects of mainstream anammox-based process for municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153351. [PMID: 35077796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process has a promising application prospect for the mainstream deammonification of municipal wastewater due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption. In this paper, challenges and solutions of mainstream anammox-based process are summarized by analyzing the literature of recent ten years. Slow growth rate of anammox bacteria is a main challenge for mainstream anammox-based process, and enhancement of bacteria retention has been recognized to be necessary. Compared with directly increasing sludge retention time (SRT) with membrane bioreactors or sequencing batch reactors, culturing anammox bacteria in the form of biofilm or granule sludge is more promising for its feasibility of eliminating nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Besides, adding external electron donors or conductive materials and enriching the concentration of ammonia with absorption materials have also been proved helpful to improve the activity of anammox bacteria. Other challenges include the elimination of NOB and achieving ideal ratio of NH4+ and NO2-. To solve these problems and achieve stable partial nitrification, composite control strategies based on low SRT and limited aeration are needed based on the special characteristics of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and NOB. When treating actual wastewater, interference of low temperature and components in the influent is another problem. Relatively high activity of anammox bacteria has been realized after artificial acclimation at low temperature and the mechanism was also preliminary explored. Different pre-treatment sections have been designed to reduce the concentration of COD and S2- from the influent. As for the nitrate produced by the anammox reaction, coupling processes are useful to reduce the concentration of nitrate in the effluent. In brief, suitable reactor and coupling process should be selected according to the temperature, influent quality and discharge targets of different regions. The future prospects of the mainstream anammox-based process are also put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wancong Gu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Suarez C, Dalcin Martins P, Jetten M, Karačić S, Wilén BM, Modin O, Hagelia P, Hermansson M, Persson F. Metagenomic evidence of a novel family of anammox bacteria in a subsea environment. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2348-2360. [PMID: 35415863 PMCID: PMC9325076 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria in the order ‘Candidatus Brocadiales’ within the phylum Planctomycetes (Planctomycetota) have the remarkable ability to perform anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Two families of anammox bacteria with different biogeographical distributions have been reported, marine Ca. Scalinduaceae and freshwater Ca. Brocadiaceae. Here we report evidence of three new species within a novel genus and family of anammox bacteria, which were discovered in biofilms of a subsea road tunnel under a fjord in Norway. In this particular ecosystem, the nitrogen cycle is likely fuelled by ammonia from organic matter degradation in the fjord sediments and the rock mass above the tunnel, resulting in the growth of biofilms where anammox bacteria can thrive under oxygen limitation. We resolved several metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs) of anammox bacteria, including three Ca. Brocadiales MAGs that could not be classified at the family level. MAGs of this novel family had all the diagnostic genes for a full anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathway in which nitrite was probably reduced by a NirK‐like reductase. A survey of published molecular data indicated that this new family of anammox bacteria occurs in many marine sediments, where its members presumably would contribute to nitrogen loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Suarez
- Division of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paula Dalcin Martins
- Department of Microbiology, RIBES, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mike Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, RIBES, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sabina Karačić
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britt Marie Wilén
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Hagelia
- Construction Division, The Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Oslo, Norway
| | - Malte Hermansson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frank Persson
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wang W, Wang T, Liu Q, Wang H, Xue H, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Biochar-mediated DNRA pathway of anammox bacteria under varying COD/N ratios. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 212:118100. [PMID: 35074671 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coupling dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) pathway with anammox process has a prominent advantage in enhancement of nitrogen removal. However, the anammox bacteria driven-DNRA is difficult to proceed at normal autotrophic circumstance. Herein, for the first time, biochar (prepared by bamboo) was used as a mediator to stimulate the DNRA pathway of anammox bacteria under varying chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen (COD/N) ratios (0.1-0.7), and the underlying stimulation mechanism was elucidated by metagenomics sequencing analysis. Results showed that biochar addition (10 g/L) stimulated DNRA pathway of anammox bacteria at low COD/N ratios (0.1-0.5), thus enhancing the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of the anammox system by 7.2%-16.4% and 0.9%-3.0%, respectively, compared to that of tests without sodium acetate and biochar (p<0.05). This enhancement was attributed to the improved extracellular electron accepting capacity of anammox biomass by biochar. The easily obtained electrons (from sodium acetate) further increased the relative abundances of anammox-related (hzs) and complete DNRA-related (napAB and nrfAH) genes (p<0.05), which catalyze electron-consuming reactions. The stimulated anammox pathway and DNRA pathway further increased the specific anammox activity and the relative abundance of anammox bacteria (especially Ca. Jettenia) by 15.5%-23.0% and 11.3%-82.6% compared with that without biochar, respectively. Metagenomics sequencing also revealed that anammox bacteria, Ca. Jettenia caeni, was the main bacteria for DNRA metabolism in this system. Our findings reveal that biochar could selectively stimulate DNRA pathway of anammox bacteria affiliated by a low amount of carbon, which provides a novel strategy to improve the nitrogen removal of anammox-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zhuoran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is important for converting bioavailable nitrogen into dinitrogen gas, particularly in carbon-poor environments. However, the diversity and prevalence of anammox bacteria in the terrestrial subsurface-a typically oligotrophic environment-are little understood. To determine the distribution and activity of anammox bacteria across a range of aquifer lithologies and physicochemistries, we analyzed 16S rRNA genes and quantified hydrazine synthase genes and transcripts sampled from 59 groundwater wells and metagenomes and metatranscriptomes from an oxic-to-dysoxic subset. Data indicate that anammox and anammox-associated bacteria (class "Candidatus Brocadiae") are prevalent in the aquifers studied, and that anammox community composition is strongly differentiated by dissolved oxygen (DO), but not ammonia/nitrite. While "Candidatus Brocadiae" diversity decreased with increasing DO, "Candidatus Brocadiae" 16S rRNA genes and hydrazine synthase (hzsB) genes and transcripts were detected across a wide range of bulk groundwater DO concentrations (0 to 10 mg/L). Anammox genes and transcripts correlated significantly with those involved in aerobic ammonia oxidation (amoA), potentially representing a major source of nitrite for anammox. Eight "Candidatus Brocadiae" genomes (63 to 95% complete), representing 2 uncharacterized families and 6 novel species, were reconstructed. Six genomes have genes characteristic of anammox, all for chemolithoautotrophy. Anammox and aerotolerance genes of up to four "Candidatus Brocadiae" genomes were transcriptionally active under oxic and dysoxic conditions, although activity was highest in dysoxic groundwater. The coexpression of nrfAH nitrite reductase genes by "Candidatus Brocadiae" suggests active regeneration of ammonia for anammox. Our findings indicate that anammox bacteria contribute to loss of fixed N across diverse anoxic-to-oxic aquifer conditions, which is likely supported by nitrite from aerobic ammonia oxidation. IMPORTANCE Anammox is increasingly shown to play a major role in the aquatic nitrogen cycle and can outcompete heterotrophic denitrification in environments low in organic carbon. Given that aquifers are characteristically oligotrophic, anammox may represent a major route for the removal of fixed nitrogen in these environments, including agricultural nitrogen, a common groundwater contaminant. Our research confirms that anammox bacteria and the anammox process are prevalent in aquifers and occur across diverse lithologies (e.g., sandy gravel, sand-silt, and volcanic) and groundwater physicochemistries (e.g., various oxygen, carbon, nitrate, and ammonium concentrations). Results reveal niche differentiation among anammox bacteria largely driven by groundwater oxygen contents and provide evidence that anammox is supported by proximity to oxic niches and handoffs from aerobic ammonia oxidizers. We further show that this process, while anaerobic, is active in groundwater characterized as oxic, likely due to the availability of anoxic niches.
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Ma J, Wang K, Shi C, Liu Y, Yu C, Fang K, Fu X, Yuan Q, Zhou Y, Gong H. A novel anammox aggregate nourished sustainably internal heterotrophic nitrate removal pathway with endogenous carbon source. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126525. [PMID: 34896540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a cost-effective nitrogen removal pathway but instinctively generated nitrate limits its application. A novel anammox aggregate reduced the production of nitrate significantly with efficient removal of ammonia and nitrite in this work. The results demonstrated that the internal heterotrophic nitrate removal (IHNAR) pathway exists stably at inner of anammox aggregates, which eliminated 42.31 ± 3.85 % nitrate generated in anammox at without consuming external carbon source. The observed volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and adequate protein, polysaccharide and humic acids in the aggregates verified that the in-situ fermentation supplied sustainably endogenous carbon sources for the IHNAR. The efficient interspecies cooperation between anammox bacteria, heterotrophic denitrifiers and fermentative bacteria was identified, as the intrinsic justification for the obtained sustainability of IHNAR pathway. The findings were expected to provide theoretical guidance for promotions and applications of the anammox process with high-efficiency total nitrogen removal capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Chuan Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Cheng Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kuo Fang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiangyun Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing 100120, PR China
| | - Hui Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; School of Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Zhu W, Van Tendeloo M, Xie Y, Timmer MJ, Peng L, Vlaeminck SE. Storage without nitrite or nitrate enables the long-term preservation of full-scale partial nitritation/anammox sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151330. [PMID: 34717986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation with summer harvested sludge during winter could compensate for bacterial activity loss but requires that sludge activity can be restored after storage. This study assesses the effect of temperature and redox adjustment during the storage over 180 days of partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) granular resp. floccular sludge from potato processing resp. sludge reject water treatment. Anoxic storage conditions (in the presence of nitrite or nitrate and the absence of oxygen) resulted in a loss of 80-100% of the anammox bacteria (AnAOB) activity capacity at 20 °C and 4 °C, while anaerobic conditions (without oxygen, nitrite, and nitrate) lost only 45-63%. Storage at 20 °C was more cost-effective compared to 4 °C, and this was confirmed in the sludge reactivation experiment (20 °C). Furthermore, AnAOB activity correlated negatively with the electrical conductivity level (R2 > 0.85, p < 0.05), so strong salinity increases should be avoided. No significant differences were found in the activity capacity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) under different storage conditions (p > 0.1). The relative abundance of dominant AnAOB (Candidatus Brocadia) and AerAOB genera (Nitrosomonas) remained constant in both sludges. In conclusion, preserving PN/A biomass without cooling and nitrite or nitrate addition proved to be a cost-effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Zhu
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Tendeloo
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Yankai Xie
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marijn Juliaan Timmer
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Lai Peng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Liu L, Lv AP, Narsing Rao MP, Ming YZ, Salam N, Li MM, Liu ZT, Zhang XT, Zhang JY, Xian WD, Jiao JY, Li WJ. Diversity and Distribution of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacteria in Hot Springs of Conghua, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:739234. [PMID: 35145488 PMCID: PMC8822059 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.739234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important process of the nitrogen cycle, and the anammox bacteria have been studied in a wide variety of environments. However, the distribution, diversity, and abundance of anammox bacteria in hot springs remain enigmatic. In this study, the anammox process was firstly investigated in hot springs of Conghua, China. Anammox-like bacterial sequences that closely affiliated to “Candidatus Brocadia,” “Candidatus Kuenenia,” “Candidatus Scalindua,” “Candidatus Anammoxoglobus,” and “Candidatus Jettenia” were detected. Several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from this study shared low sequence identities to the 16S rRNA gene of the known anammox bacteria, suggesting that they might be representing putative novel anammox bacteria. A quantitative PCR analysis of anammox-specific 16S rRNA gene confirmed that the abundance of anammox bacteria ranged from 1.60 × 104 to 1.20 × 107 copies L–1. Nitrate was a key environmental factor defining the geographical distribution of the anammox bacterial community in the hot spring ecosystem. Dissolved inorganic carbon had a significant influence on anammox bacterial biodiversity. Our findings for the first time revealed that the diverse anammox bacteria, including putative novel anammox bacterial candidates, were present in Conghua hot spring, which extended the existence of anammox bacteria to the hot springs in China and expands our knowledge of the biogeography of anammox bacteria. This work filled up the research lacuna of anammox bacteria in Chinese hot spring habitat and would guide for enrichment strategies of anammox bacteria of Conghua hot springs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nimaichand Salam
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Dong Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Jian-Yu Jiao,
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Jun Li,
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Pashaei R, Zahedipour-Sheshglani P, Dzingelevičienė R, Abbasi S, Rees RM. Effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:105. [PMID: 35044585 PMCID: PMC8766359 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil have recently become an increasingly important issue for environmental research. However, a few studies have investigated the direct effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil. Pharmaceuticals can contribute to inhibition and stimulation of nitrogen cycle processes in the environment. Some pharmaceuticals have no observable effect on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil while others appeared to inhibit or stimulate for it. This review reports on the most recent evidence of effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle processes by examination of the potential impact of pharmaceuticals on nitrogen fixation, nitrification, ammonification, denitrification, and anammox. Research studies have identified pharmaceuticals that can either inhibit or stimulate nitrification, ammonification, denitrification, and anammox. Among these, amoxicillin, chlortetracycline, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, narasin, norfloxacin, and sulfamethazine had the most significant effects on nitrogen cycle processes. This review also clearly demonstrates that some nitrogen transformation processes such as nitrification show much higher sensitivity to the presence of pharmaceuticals than other nitrogen transformations or flows such as mineralization or ammonia volatilization. We conclude by suggesting that future studies take a more comprehensive approach to report on pharmaceuticals' impact on the nitrogen cycle process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Pashaei
- Marine Research Institute of Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | | | | | - Sajjad Abbasi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert M. Rees
- Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), West Mains Rd. Edinburgh, Scotland, EH9 3JG UK
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Wang W, Zhu J, Xiong D, Su Y, Li Y, Fu J. Comparison between two anammox fiber fillers under load impact and the effect of HCO 3 - concentration. RSC Adv 2021; 12:24-31. [PMID: 35424468 PMCID: PMC8978840 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07982d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the establishment of a stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment system in 100 days, the impact resistances of two different anammox fiber fillers (the curtain filler: R1 and the bundle filler: BR) were compared. Furthermore, the effect of HCO3− concentration on the bundle filler system was also investigated, the results have shown that the activity of the two anammox fiber fillers was not inhibited when the NO2−–N concentration was lower than 750 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.085 mg L−1), while it was significantly suppressed at 900 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.118 mg L−1). However, the two fiber fillers could be recovered and exhibit a good impact resistance reduction of the substrate concentration. On day 95, the structure of the bundle filler was more conducive to the stable attachment, proliferation, and aggregation of anammox bacteria. Dominant anammox bacteria in both the curtain and bundle fillers were Candidatus Kuenenia, which accounted for 25.9% and 35.9% of the total population, respectively. When the influent HCO3− concentration was 900 mg L−1, the bundled fiber filler had the highest total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency, which reached 89.0%. Even though it was inhibited under 2000 mg L−1 of HCO3− concentration, the reactor was able to recover within one week by reducing the substrate concentration. In addition, the HCO3− inhibition mechanism was independent of pH, which resulted in high FA content. Based on the establishment of a stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment system in 100 days, the impact resistances of two different anammox fiber fillers (the curtain filler: R1 and the bundle filler: BR) were compared.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Jinghai Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Yang Su
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
| | - Yehui Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
| | - Jinxiang Fu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
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Zhao B, Li X, Wang Y, Tan X, Qi W, Li H, Wei J, You Y, Shi W, Zhang Q. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction and functional genes in two subtropical rivers, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68155-68173. [PMID: 34264489 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissimilatory nitrate reduction processes, including denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), are important pathways of nitrate transformation in the aquatic environments. In this study, we investigated potential rates of denitrification, anammox, and DNRA in the sediments of two subtropical rivers, Jinshui River and Qi River, with different intensities of human activities in their respective catchment, China. Our objectives were to assess the seasonality of dissimilatory nitrate reduction rates, quantify their respective contributions to nitrate reduction, and reveal the relationship between dissimilatory nitrate reduction rates, functional gene abundances, and physicochemicals in the river ecosystems. Our results showed higher rates of denitrification and anammox in the intensively disturbed areas in autumn and spring, and higher potential DNRA in the slightly disturbed areas in summer. Generally, denitrification, anammox, and DNRA were higher in summer, autumn, and spring, respectively. Relative contributions of nitrate reduction from denitrification, anammox, and DNRA were quite different in different seasons. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction rates and gene abundances correlated significantly with water temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sediment total organic carbon (SOC), NO3-, NH4+, DOC/NO3-, iron ions, and sulfide. Understanding dissimilatory nitrate reduction is essential for restoring nitrate reduction capacity and improving and sustaining ecohealth of the river ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinshuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongran Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junwei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Yong You
- College of Land and Resources, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Hausherr D, Niederdorfer R, Morgenroth E, Joss A. Robustness of mainstream anammox activity at bench and pilot scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148920. [PMID: 34328880 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
New technologies and processes, such as mainstream anammox, aim to reduce energy requirements of wastewater treatment and improve effluent quality. However, in municipal wastewater (MWW) anammox system are often unstable due to process control disturbance, influent variability, or unwanted nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This study examines the anammox system by focusing on anammox activity and its robustness in a mainstream environment. An 8 m3 pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) receiving pretreated MWW (with external nitrite addition) was seeded with pre-colonized carriers. Within six months at 12-20 °C an anammox activity of 200 gN·m-3·d-1 was achieved. After the startup an anammox activity of 260 ± 83 gN·m-3·d-1 was maintained over 450 days. The robustness of the anammox activity was analyzed through three disturbance experiments. Anammox biofilm on carriers were exposed to dissolved oxygen (DO = 1.6 mg·L-1, intermittent aeration), organic loading rate (OLR, C/N increased from 2:1 to 5:1) and temperature disturbances (20 °C to 12 °C) in triplicate 12 L bench scale reactors. The anammox activity and microbial community was monitored during these disturbances. The DO and OLR disturbance experiments were replicated at pilot scale to investigate upscaling effects. Bench and pilot scale anammox activity were unaffected by the DO disturbance. Similarly, an increase in OLR did not deteriorate the bench and pilot scale anammox activity, if nitrate was available. When, at bench scale, the reactor temperature was reduced from 20 °C to 12 °C overnight, anammox activity decreased significantly, this was not the case for the slow seasonal temperature changes (12-25 °C) at pilot scale where no strong temperature dependency was detected in winter. Metagenomic analysis revealed a broad range of Brocadiaceae species with no single dominant anammox species. Anammox thrive under mainstream conditions and can withstand typical process disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Hausherr
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Robert Niederdorfer
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Eberhard Morgenroth
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Joss
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Xu X, Liu GH, Li Q, Wang H, Sun X, Shao Y, Zhang J, Liu S, Luo F, Wei Q, Sun W, Li Y, Qi L. Optimization nutrient removal at different volume ratio of anoxic-to-aerobic zone in integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148824. [PMID: 34246150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of different volume ratios of the anoxic-to-aerobic zone (Vano/Vaer) on the enhancement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system. As the Vano/Vaer increased from 1:2 to 2:1, the removal of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the IFAS system was improved. At Vano/Vaer = 1:1, the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients was optimal, and the average removal rates of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP of the system reached 90 ± 3.2%, 98.2 ± 1.4%, 88.9 ± 2.2%, and 89.1 ± 2.7%, respectively. As the volume of the anoxic zone continued to increase, the denitrifying phosphate-accumulating capacity of the system was enhanced, and the highest ratio of specific anoxic and aerobic phosphorus uptake rate could reach 65.3%. Analysis of the molecular evaluation showed that, the proportion of nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm gradually increased as Vano increased. Moreover, denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (Anammox) bacteria were all enriched all showed enrichment in the biofilm of fiber carriers, which further strengthened the system's synergistic removal of nitrogen and phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Xu
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qinyu Li
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Xu Sun
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yuting Shao
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jingbing Zhang
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Fangzhou Luo
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Wenzhuo Sun
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yinghao Li
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Low Carbon Water Environmental Technology Research Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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Lodha T, Narvekar S, Karodi P. Classification of uncultivated anammox bacteria and Candidatus Uabimicrobium into new classes and provisional nomenclature as Candidatus Brocadiia classis nov. and Candidatus Uabimicrobiia classis nov. of the phylum Planctomycetes and novel family Candidatus Scalinduaceae fam. nov to accommodate the genus Candidatus Scalindua. Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 44:126272. [PMID: 34735804 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The phylum Planctomycetes is metabolically unique group of bacteria divided in two classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are the uncultured representatives of the phylum Planctomycetes. Anammox bacterial genera are placed in the family Candidatus (Ca.) Brocadiaceae of the order Ca. Brocadiales, assigned to the class Planctomycetia. Phylogenetic analysis, showed that the anammox bacteria and Ca. Uabimicrobium form a divergent clade from the rest of the cultured representatives of the phylum Planctomycetes. The phylogenetic study, pairwise distance and Average Amino acid Identity (AAI) showed that anammox bacteria don't belong to the classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Anammox bacteria and Ca. Uabimicrobium form a deep-branching third clade in the phylogenetic analysis indicating that it is the most ancient third class within the phylum Planctomycetes. Phenotypic characters also separate anammox bacteria from classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Therefore, based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, pairwise distance, AAI and phylogenomic analysis we propose a novel class Ca. Brocadiia to accommodate the order Ca. Brocadiales of anammox bacteria except Ca. Anammoximicrobium. Genera Ca. Jettenia, Ca. Anammoxoglobus, Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia show their phylogenetic affiliation to the family Ca. Brocadiaceae. However, Ca. Scalindua showed a distant relationship with the family Ca. Brocadiaceae. Therefore, we suggest the exclusion of the genus Ca. Scalindua from the family Ca. Brocadiaceae; and propose its inclusion under a novel family with a provisional name as Ca. Scalinduaceae fam. nov. Similarly, Ca. Uabimicrobium amporphum showed distinct phylogenetic affiliation, therefore we propose a novel class Ca. Uabimicrobiia classis nov. to accommodate the genus Ca. Uabimicrobium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Lodha
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411021, India.
| | - Simran Narvekar
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411021, India
| | - Prachi Karodi
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411021, India
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43
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Mai W, Chen J, Liu H, Liang J, Tang J, Wei Y. Advances in Studies on Microbiota Involved in Nitrogen Removal Processes and Their Applications in Wastewater Treatment. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746293. [PMID: 34733260 PMCID: PMC8560000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discharge of excess nitrogenous pollutants in rivers or other water bodies often leads to serious ecological problems and results in the collapse of aquatic ecosystems. Nitrogenous pollutants are often derived from the inefficient treatment of industrial wastewater. The biological treatment of industrial wastewater for the removal of nitrogen pollution is a green and efficient strategy. In the initial stage of the nitrogen removal process, the nitrogenous pollutants are converted to ammonia. Traditionally, nitrification and denitrification processes have been used for nitrogen removal in industrial wastewater; while currently, more efficient processes, such as simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, partial nitrification-anammox, and partial denitrification-anammox processes, are used. The microorganisms participating in nitrogen pollutant removal processes are diverse, but information about them is limited. In this review, we summarize the microbiota participating in nitrogen removal processes, their pathways, and associated functional genes. We have also discussed the design of efficient industrial wastewater treatment processes for the removal of nitrogenous pollutants and the application of microbiome engineering technology and synthetic biology strategies in the modulation of the nitrogen removal process. This review thus provides insights that would help in improving the efficiency of nitrogen pollutant removal from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenning Mai
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Henan Public Security Bureau, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Linköping University - Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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44
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Yang Y, Azari M, Herbold CW, Li M, Chen H, Ding X, Denecke M, Gu JD. Activities and metabolic versatility of distinct anammox bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117763. [PMID: 34700143 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a key N2-producing process in the global nitrogen cycle. Major progress in understanding the core mechanism of anammox bacteria has been made, but our knowledge of the survival strategies of anammox bacteria in complex ecosystems, such as full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), remains limited. Here, by combining metagenomics with in situ metatranscriptomics, complex anammox-driven nitrogen cycles in an anoxic tank and a granular activated carbon (GAC) biofilm module of a full-scale WWTP treating landfill leachate were constructed. Four distinct anammox metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), representing a new genus named Ca. Loosdrechtii, a new species in Ca. Kuenenia, a new species in Ca. Brocadia, and a new strain in "Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis", were simultaneously retrieved from the GAC biofilm. Metabolic reconstruction revealed that all anammox organisms highly expressed the core metabolic enzymes and showed a high metabolic versatility. Pathways for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) coupled to volatile fatty acids (VFAs) oxidation likely assist anammox bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions and facilitate switches between lifestyles in oxygen fluctuating environments. The new Ca. Kuenenia species dominated the anammox community of the GAC biofilm, specifically may be enhanced by the uniquely encoded flexible ammonium and iron acquisition strategies. The new Ca. Brocadia species likely has an extensive niche distribution that is simultaneously established in the anoxic tank and the GAC biofilm, the two distinct niches. The highly diverse and impressive metabolic versatility of anammox bacteria revealed in this study advance our understanding of the survival and application of anammox bacteria in the full-scale wastewater treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Azari
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, Essen 45141, Germany; Department of Aquatic Environmental Engineering, Institute for Water and River Basin Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Gotthard-Franz-Str. 3, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Center for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Meng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Ding
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin Denecke
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, The People's Republic of China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, The People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, Hong Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Ye F. Spatial variability pattern of the anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community across a salinity gradient from river to ocean. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1743-1753. [PMID: 32951159 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In natural habitats, the diversity of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria could be affected by multiple environmental variables. In this study, we investigated the distribution of the anammox bacterial community in surface sediment from the Dongjiang River (riverine sediment, DJ) to the Pearl River Estuary (estuarine sediment, PRE) and then to the South China Sea (coastal sediment, SCS). The results revealed evident differences in the structural diversity of anammox bacteria in three different habitats. Candidatus Brocadia accounted for approximately 90% of the total anammox bacteria in DJ, conversely, Ca. Scalindua dominated in the SCS. Nevertheless, Ca. Scalindua, Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Kuenenia coexisted in the PRE. The qPCR results indicated that anammox bacterial 16S rRNA gene abundance ranged from 2.23 × 105 to 1.19 × 107 copies g-1 of wet weight, but no significant correlation was found between the abundances and environmental variables (p > 0.05). The relative abundances of Ca. Brocadia gradually decreased with increasing salinity, and Ca. Scalindua showed the opposite trend, suggesting that salinity was a crucial factor in sculpturing the community composition of anammox bacteria in natural environments. Ca. Brocadia should be able to live in freshwater ecosystems, but it can also tolerate a certain level of salinity. Ca. Scalindua was halophilic anammox bacterium and exists only in saline environments. Ca. Kuenenia could adapt to a wide range of salinity and preferred to live in high DIN level conditions according to our search. The distribution pattern of anammox bacteria may be the result of microbial migration and long-term adaptation to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiben Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiapeng Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Wang C, Qiao S, Bi Z, Zhou J. Nitrate removal by anammox biomass with intracellular carbon source as electron donors via DNRA pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111390. [PMID: 34052243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel nitrate (NO3-) reduction pathway by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biomass was firstly discovered with the intracellular carbon sources as the only electron donors. And the possible reaction mechanism was deduced to be intracellular dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) pathway according to the experimental results. In batch experiments, without any external electron donors, NO3--N (about 50 mg/L) was reduced to N2 within 48 h, and a small amount of NO2--N was detected (the maximum of 2 mg/L) with the anammox biomass concentration of 4400 mg/L. Acetylene (4.46 mmol/L) addition resulted in obvious NH4+ accumulation during NO3- degradation by anammox biomass, since acetylene mainly interfered in hydrazine (N2H4) generation from NH4+ and NO. Without HCO3- addition, the NO3--N degradation rate was slower than that with HCO3- addition. Simultaneously, glycogen contents inside anammox biomass decreased to 133.22 ± 1.21 mg/g VSS and 129.79 ± 1.21 mg/g VSS with and without HCO3-, respectively, from 142.20 ± 0.61 mg/g VSS. In the long-term experiment, anammox biomass stably degraded NO3--N without external electron donors addition, and the maximum removal efficiency of NO3--N reached 55.4%. The above results indicated the anammox bacteria utilized the DNRA pathway to reduce NO3- to NO2- and further NH4+, then normal anammox metabolism would continue to convert the produced NO2- and NH4+ to N2. The intracellular stored carbon sources (e.g., glycogen) were supposed to be electron donors for NO3- degradation. This capability would enhance the viability and living space of anammox bacteria in different natural ecosystems, and make it plausible that complete nitrogen removal could be implemented only by the anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Sen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Zhen Bi
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215002, China.
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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Zhang F, Peng Y, Wang Z, Jiang H, Ren S, Qiu J. New insights into co-treatment of mature landfill leachate with municipal sewage via integrated partial nitrification, Anammox and denitratation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125506. [PMID: 33765565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a low consumption and high efficiency process, Partial Nitrification-Anammox/denitratation (PNAD) was applied to co-treat mature landfill leachate with municipal sewage for 300 days. Specifically, ammonia (670.2 ± 63.7 mg N/L) contained in mature landfill leachate was firstly oxidized to nitrite (611.5 ± 28.1 mg N/L) in sequence batch reactor (SBRPN); meanwhile, organic matter in municipal sewage was partially removed in another reactor (SBROMR); finally, nitrite produced (611.5 ± 28.1 mg N/L) in SBRPN and ammonia (53.1 ± 6.4 mg N/L) residing in pretreated municipal sewage were simultaneously degraded through combined Anammox-denitratation process in an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASBAD). A satisfactory effluent quality of 10.3 mg/L TN was obtained after long-term operation, with Anammox and denitrification contributing to 86.2% and 5.8% nitrogen removal efficiency, respectively. Mass balance confirmed 67.2% nitrate generated from Anammox could be reduced to nitrite and in-situ reused. Anammox bacteria genes and nitrate reductase/nitrite reductase ratio were highly detected, accelerating combined Anammox-denitratation. Further, Ca. Brocadia triumph among various Anammox bacteria groups, increasing from 1.2% (day 120) to 3.6% (day 280).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhai Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Hao Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shang Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jingang Qiu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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Lee DW, Ahn Y, Pandi K, Park J, Yun ST, Jang M, Choi J. Evaluation of natural attenuation-potential and biogeochemical analysis in nitrate contaminated bedrock aquifers by carbon source injection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146459. [PMID: 34030323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the natural attenuation potential and biogeochemical analysis of nitrate contaminated bedrock aquifers by injection of carbon sources was evaluated. The denitrification capacity was assessed by injecting different carbon sources (succinate, acetate, fumarate) into the groundwater. Acetate was identified as the optimum source of electron donors for microbial metabolic processes, as it improved the effect of nitrate removal and microbial activity in the groundwater. In addition, when acetate was injected with a C/N ratio = 2.1:1, the ratio of denitrifying bacteria was the greatest (C/N 2.1 (2.1%) > C/N 4.2 (1.9%) > C/N 7.0 (0.9%) > control (0.7%)). Reflecting the geochemical characteristics of the bedrock aquifer environment, acetate was injected into groundwater at the research site to activate biological heterotrophic denitrification. As a result, the nitrate reduction rate was 0.377 g-N/day (YP-3), while the rate in groundwater unaffected by acetate was significantly lower, at 0.028 g-N/day (YP-4) over the same reaction time. In particular, the ratio of Dechloromonas denitrificans sp., which is a representative denitrification bacteria involved in anaerobic reduction of nitrate, increased (before injection: 0.0089%, after injection: 1.3067%). Expression of the nosZ gene, which is involved in the denitrification pathway (N2O → N2), increased from 4.82 Log (gene copies L-1) to 9.71 Log (gene copies L-1). Together, these results demonstrate that denitrification in bedrock aquifers can be activated by injection of carbon sources and identified the genetic reason for that denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Won Lee
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongtae Ahn
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalimuthu Pandi
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Teak Yun
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Yin X, Rahaman MH, Liu W, Mąkinia J, Zhai J. Comparison of nitrogen and VFA removal pathways in autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111065. [PMID: 33831412 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organotrophic anammox is a promising process for treating both nitrogen and organic containing wastewater than that of the traditional autotrophic anammox for sole nitrogen removal. However pathways of nitrogen removal particularly at metagenomic level in both processes are still unknown. Here we report, metabolic pathways of nitrogen removal in two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR), one autotrophic and another organotrophic (TOC/TN = 0.1) anammox bacteria incubated over 220 days. Both reactors showed satisfactory nitrogen removal with 840.31 mg N/L.d and 786.81 mg N/L.d for autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors respectively. Four anammox species namely Candidatus B. fulgida, B. sinica, J. caeni and Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis were identified in both reactors. The Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis (4%) was dominant in autotrophic reactor whereas Candidatus J. caeni (10%) in the organotrophic reactor. The supply of organic promoted the growth of anammox bacteria more than three times higher than that of the autotrophic anammox reactor. The functional genes related to the DNRA pathway was obtained in all anammox species except for Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis. The co-existence of other DNRA (Armatimonadetes and Thauera) and partial denitrifying bacteria (Chloroflexi) was also found in both reactors. Moreover, functional genes related to acetate metabolism by acetyl-CoA way were obtained in all anammox bacteria except Candidatus B. fulgida which showed alternative ackA/Pac-t pathways in organic anammox reactor. Overall current results suggest that the anammox, DNRA and partial denitrification were the key nitrogen transformation pathways, particularly in organotrophic anammox reactor. Our findings will improve understanding of the practical application of organotrophic anammox for wider wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yin
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Md Hasibur Rahaman
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jun Zhai
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Zhang QQ, Qian H, Li PY, Zhao JQ, Sun YQ, Jin RC. Insight into the evolution of microbial community and antibiotic resistance genes in anammox process induced by copper after recovery from oxytetracycline stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124945. [PMID: 33735733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of copper ion (Cu2+) on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) performance and microbial community structures after oxytetracycline (OTC) stress recovery were assessed. Experimental results demonstrated that anammox performance were stressed by 1.0 mg L-1 Cu2+ and inhibitions were reversible with total nitrogen removal rate higher than 3.08 ± 0.2 kg N m-3 d-1. The residual OTC in the anammox sludge could combine with Cu2+ introduced and thereby retarded inhibition on performance in the presence of 2.0 mg L-1 Cu2+. Moreover, the positive relation of dominant bacterium Ca. Anammoxoglobus with the abundance of functional genes and parts of antibiotic resistance genes were observed, suggesting that regain of performance was the results of the gradual domestication of latent resistant species after inhibition. This investigation reveals new insights into resistance of anammox performance for Cu2+ and OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hui Qian
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Pei-Yue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ya-Qiao Sun
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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