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Zhou Y, Xu M, Shen W, Xu Y, Shao A, Xu P, Yao K, Han H, Ye J. Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for Ocular Fundus Neovascularization Disease Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304626. [PMID: 38406994 PMCID: PMC11468720 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As an indispensable part of the human sensory system, visual acuity may be impaired and even develop into irreversible blindness due to various ocular pathologies. Among ocular diseases, fundus neovascularization diseases (FNDs) are prominent etiologies of visual impairment worldwide. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs remains the primary therapy but is hurdled by common complications and incomplete potency. To renovate the current therapeutic modalities, nanomedicine emerged as the times required, which is endowed with advanced capabilities, able to fulfill the effective ocular fundus drug delivery and achieve precise drug release control, thus further improving the therapeutic effect. This review provides a comprehensive summary of advances in nanomedicine for FND management from state-of-the-art studies. First, the current therapeutic modalities for FNDs are thoroughly introduced, focusing on the key challenges of ocular fundus drug delivery. Second, nanocarriers are comprehensively reviewed for ocular posterior drug delivery based on the nanostructures: polymer-based nanocarriers, lipid-based nanocarriers, and inorganic nanoparticles. Thirdly, the characteristics of the fundus microenvironment, their pathological changes during FNDs, and corresponding strategies for constructing smart nanocarriers are elaborated. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of nanomedicine for FND management are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Shen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - An Shao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Haijie Han
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
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Fu Q, Yang X, Wang M, Zhu K, Wang Y, Song J. Activatable Probes for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous Biomarkers In Vivo. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3916-3968. [PMID: 38258800 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic variations in the concentration and abnormal distribution of endogenous biomarkers are strongly associated with multiple physiological and pathological states. Therefore, it is crucial to design imaging systems capable of real-time detection of dynamic changes in biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Recently, ratiometric imaging has emerged as a widely used technique for sensing and imaging of biomarkers due to its advantage of circumventing the limitations inherent to conventional intensity-dependent signal readout methods while also providing built-in self-calibration for signal correction. Here, the recent progress of ratiometric probes and their applications in sensing and imaging of biomarkers are outlined. Ratiometric probes are classified according to their imaging mechanisms, and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging, ratiometric optical imaging including photoluminescence imaging and self-luminescence imaging, ratiometric magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-modal ratiometric imaging are discussed. The applications of ratiometric probes in the sensing and imaging of biomarkers such as pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), gas molecules, enzymes, metal ions, and hypoxia are discussed in detail. Additionally, this Review presents an overview of challenges faced in this field along with future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Kang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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3
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He H, Yin J, Li M, Dessai CVP, Yi M, Teng X, Zhang M, Li Y, Du Z, Xu B, Cheng JX. Mapping enzyme activity in living systems by real-time mid-infrared photothermal imaging of nitrile chameleons. Nat Methods 2024; 21:342-352. [PMID: 38191931 PMCID: PMC11165695 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous spatial mapping of the activity of multiple enzymes in a living system can elucidate their functions in health and disease. However, methods based on monitoring fluorescent substrates are limited. Here, we report the development of nitrile (C≡N)-tagged enzyme activity reporters, named nitrile chameleons, for the peak shift between substrate and product. To image these reporters in real time, we developed a laser-scanning mid-infrared photothermal imaging system capable of imaging the enzymatic substrates and products at a resolution of 300 nm. We show that when combined, these tools can map the activity distribution of different enzymes and measure their relative catalytic efficiency in living systems such as cancer cells, Caenorhabditis elegans, and brain tissues, and can be used to directly visualize caspase-phosphatase interactions during apoptosis. Our method is generally applicable to a broad category of enzymes and will enable new analyses of enzymes in their native context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiaze Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chinmayee Vallabh Prabhu Dessai
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meihui Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Xinyan Teng
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meng Zhang
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yueming Li
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhiyi Du
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Verma AK, Noumani A, Yadav AK, Solanki PR. FRET Based Biosensor: Principle Applications Recent Advances and Challenges. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081375. [PMID: 37189476 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors are being fabricated for specific detection of biomolecules or changes in the microenvironment. FRET is a non-radiative transfer of energy from an excited donor fluorophore molecule to a nearby acceptor fluorophore molecule. In a FRET-based biosensor, the donor and acceptor molecules are typically fluorescent proteins or fluorescent nanomaterials such as quantum dots (QDs) or small molecules that are engineered to be in close proximity to each other. When the biomolecule of interest is present, it can cause a change in the distance between the donor and acceptor, leading to a change in the efficiency of FRET and a corresponding change in the fluorescence intensity of the acceptor. This change in fluorescence can be used to detect and quantify the biomolecule of interest. FRET-based biosensors have a wide range of applications, including in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology, and drug discovery. This review article provides a substantial approach on the FRET-based biosensor, principle, applications such as point-of-need diagnosis, wearable, single molecular FRET (smFRET), hard water, ions, pH, tissue-based sensors, immunosensors, and aptasensor. Recent advances such as artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) are used for this type of sensor and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awadhesh Kumar Verma
- Lab D NanoBiolab, Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashab Noumani
- Lab D NanoBiolab, Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Amit K Yadav
- Lab D NanoBiolab, Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Lab D NanoBiolab, Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Huang K, Zhu WJ, Li WH, Lee HC, Zhao YJ, Lee CS. Base-Exchange Enabling the Visualization of SARM1 Activities in Sciatic Nerve-Injured Mice. ACS Sens 2023; 8:767-773. [PMID: 36689294 PMCID: PMC9972468 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are important in homeostasis in living organisms. Since abnormal enzyme activities are highly associated with many human diseases, detection of in vivo activities of a specific enzyme is important to study the pathology of the related diseases. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a series of new small-molecule-activatable fluorescent probes for the imaging of Sterile Alpha and TIR Motif-containing 1 (SARM1) activities based on its transglycosidase activities (base-exchange reactions of NAD+). Probe 1a was found to undergo base-exchange reactions with NAD+ in the presence of activated SARM1 but not CD38 nor NADase and formed a highly emissive product AD-1a [about a 100-fold fluorescence enhancement in 20 min with a 150 nm (5665 cm-1) Stokes shift and a 100 nm (3812 cm-1) red shift]. This probe exhibited a higher reactivity and sensitivity than those commonly used for SARM1 imaging. The utilities of 1a have also been demonstrated in live-cell imaging and detection of in vivo activities of SARM1 in a sciatic nerve injury mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wen Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Lishui Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wan Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Lishui Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hon Cheung Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Lishui Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Lishui Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chi-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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Yu H, Feng J, Zhong F, Wu Y. Chemical Modification for the "off-/on" Regulation of Enzyme Activity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200195. [PMID: 35482602 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes with excellent catalytic performance play important roles in living organisms. Advances in strategies for enzyme chemical modification have enabled powerful strategies for exploring and manipulating enzyme functions and activities. Based on the development of chemical enzyme modifications, incorporating external stimuli-responsive features-for example, responsivity to light, voltage, magnetic force, pH, temperature, redox activity, and small molecules-into a target enzyme to turn "on" and "off" its activity has attracted much attention. The ability to precisely control enzyme activity using different approaches would greatly expand the chemical biology toolbox for clarification and detection of signal transduction and in vivo enzyme function and significantly promote enzyme-based disease therapy. This review summarizes the methods available for chemical enzyme modification mainly for the off-/on control of enzyme activity and particularly highlights the recent progress regarding the applications of this strategy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibin Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiayi Feng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Rickert-Zacharias V, Schultz M, Mall MA, Schultz C. Visualization of Ectopic Serine Protease Activity by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Reporters. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2174-2184. [PMID: 34726893 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Channel-activating proteases (CAPs) play a fundamental role in the regulation of sodium transport across epithelial tissues mainly via cleavage-mediated fine-tuning of the activity of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Hyperactivity of CAPs and subsequently increased ENaC activity have been associated with various diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF). To date, there is only a limited number of tools available to investigate CAP activity. Here, we developed ratiometric, peptide-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) reporters useful to visualize and quantify the activity of ectopic serine proteases including the CAPs prostasin and matriptase in human and murine samples in a temporally and spatially resolved manner. Lipidated varieties were inserted into the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane to detect enzyme activity on the surface of individual cells, that is, close to the protease substrates. The FRET reporters (termed CAPRee) selectively detected the activity of ectopic serine proteases such as CAPs in solution and on the surface of human and murine cells. We found increased CAP activity on the surface of cells with a genetic background of CF. The new reporters will contribute to a better understanding of ectopic serine protease activity and their regulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Rickert-Zacharias
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Collaboration for Joint Ph.D. Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Cell Biology & Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Madeleine Schultz
- Cell Biology & Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated
Partner Site, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Schultz
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Cell Biology & Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
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Singh A, Gao M, Beck MW. Human carboxylesterases and fluorescent probes to image their activity in live cells. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1142-1153. [PMID: 34355180 PMCID: PMC8292992 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00073j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human carboxylesterases (CESs) are serine hydrolases that are responsible for the phase I metabolism of an assortment of ester, amide, thioester, carbonate, and carbamate containing drugs. CES activity is known to be influenced by a variety of factors including single nucleotide polymorphisms, alternative splicing, and drug-drug interactions. These different factors contribute to interindividual variability of CES activity which has been demonstrated to influence clinical outcomes among people treated with CES-substrate therapeutics. Detailed exploration of the factors that influence CES activity is emerging as an important area of research. The use of fluorescent probes with live cell imaging techniques can selectively visualize the real-time activity of CESs and have the potential to be useful tools to help reveal the impacts of CES activity variations on human health. This review summarizes the properties of the five known human CESs including factors reported to or that could potentially influence their activity before discussing the design aspects and use considerations of CES fluorescent probes in general in addition to highlighting several well-characterized probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Illinois University Charleston IL 61920 USA +1 217 581 6227
| | - Mingze Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University Charleston IL 61920 USA
| | - Michael W Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Illinois University Charleston IL 61920 USA +1 217 581 6227
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Abstract
A growing theme in chemistry is the joining of multiple organic molecular building blocks to create functional molecules. Diverse derivatizable structures—here termed “scaffolds” comprised of “hubs”—provide the foundation for systematic covalent organization of a rich variety of building blocks. This review encompasses 30 tri- or tetra-armed molecular hubs (e.g., triazine, lysine, arenes, dyes) that are used directly or in combination to give linear, cyclic, or branched scaffolds. Each scaffold is categorized by graph theory into one of 31 trees to express the molecular connectivity and overall architecture. Rational chemistry with exacting numbers of derivatizable sites is emphasized. The incorporation of water-solubilization motifs, robust or self-immolative linkers, enzymatically cleavable groups and functional appendages affords immense (and often late-stage) diversification of the scaffolds. Altogether, 107 target molecules are reviewed along with 19 syntheses to illustrate the distinctive chemistries for creating and derivatizing scaffolds. The review covers the history of the field up through 2020, briefly touching on statistically derivatized carriers employed in immunology as counterpoints to the rationally assembled and derivatized scaffolds here, although most citations are from the past two decades. The scaffolds are used widely in fields ranging from pure chemistry to artificial photosynthesis and biomedical sciences.
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10
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More KN, Lim TH, Kang J, Chang DJ. A Fluorogenic Assay: Analysis of Chemical Modification of Lysine and Arginine to Control Proteolytic Activity of Trypsin. Molecules 2021; 26:1975. [PMID: 33807426 PMCID: PMC8037237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical modification of amino acids plays an important role in the modulation of proteins or peptides and has useful applications in the activation and stabilization of enzymes, chemical biology, shotgun proteomics, and the production of peptide-based drugs. Although chemoselective modification of amino acids such as lysine and arginine via the insertion of respective chemical moieties as citraconic anhydride and phenyl glyoxal is important for achieving desired application objectives and has been extensively reported, the extent and chemoselectivity of the chemical modification of specific amino acids using specific chemical agents (blocking or modifying agents) has yet to be sufficiently clarified owing to a lack of suitable assay methodologies. In this study, we examined the utility of a fluorogenic assay method, based on a fluorogenic tripeptide substrate (FP-AA1-AA2-AA3) and the proteolytic enzyme trypsin, in determinations of the extent and chemoselectivity of the chemical modification of lysine or arginine. As substrates, we used two fluorogenic tripeptide probes, MeRho-Lys-Gly-Leu(Ac) (lysine-specific substrate) and MeRho-Arg-Gly-Leu(Ac) (arginine-specific substrate), which were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for chemoselective modification of specific amino acids (lysine and arginine) using the fluorogenic assay. The results are summarized in terms of half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for the extent of modification and ratios of IC50 values (IC50arginine/IC50lysine and IC50lysine/IC50arginine) as a measure of the chemoselectivity of chemical modification for amino acids lysine and arginine. This novel fluorogenic assay was found to be rapid, precise, and reproducible for determinations of the extent and chemoselectivity of chemical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong-Jo Chang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon 57922, Korea; (K.N.M.); (T.-H.L.); (J.K.)
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11
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Gardner SH, Reinhardt CJ, Chan J. Advances in Activity-Based Sensing Probes for Isoform-Selective Imaging of Enzymatic Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5000-5009. [PMID: 32274846 PMCID: PMC7544620 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, there were no generalizable methods for assessing the effects of post-translational regulation on enzymatic activity. Activity-based sensing (ABS) has emerged as a powerful approach for monitoring small-molecule and enzyme activities within living systems. Initial examples of ABS were applied for measuring general enzymatic activity; however, a recent focus has been placed on increasing the selectivity to monitor a single enzyme or isoform. The highest degree of selectivity is required for differentiating between isoforms, where the targets display significant structural similarities as a result of a gene duplication or alternative splicing. This Minireview highlights key examples of small-molecule isoform-selective probes with a focus on the relevance of isoform differentiation, design strategies to achieve selectivity, and applications in basic biology or in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Gardner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Christopher J Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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12
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Fu Q, Li Z, Fu F, Chen X, Song J, Yang H. Stimuli-Responsive Plasmonic Assemblies and Their Biomedical Applications. NANO TODAY 2021; 36:101014. [PMID: 33250931 PMCID: PMC7687854 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Among the diverse development of stimuli-responsive assemblies, plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) assemblies functionalized with responsive molecules are of a major interest. In this review, we outline a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of recently reported studies on in vitro and in vivo assembly/disassembly and biomedical applications of plasmonic NPs, wherein stimuli such as enzymes, light, pH, redox potential, temperature, metal ions, magnetic or electric field, and/or multi-stimuli were involved. Stimuli-responsive assemblies have been applied in various biomedical fields including biosensors, surfaced-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), photoacoustic (PA) imaging, multimodal imaging, photo-activated therapy, enhanced X-ray therapy, drug release, stimuli-responsive aggregation-induced cancer therapy, and so on. The perspectives on the use of stimuli-responsive plasmonic assemblies are discussed by addressing future scientific challenges involving assembly/disassembly strategies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- MOE key laboratory for analytical science of food safety and biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhi Li
- MOE key laboratory for analytical science of food safety and biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fengfu Fu
- MOE key laboratory for analytical science of food safety and biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE key laboratory for analytical science of food safety and biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE key laboratory for analytical science of food safety and biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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13
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Gardner SH, Reinhardt CJ, Chan J. Fortschritte bei aktivitätsbasierten Sonden für die isoformselektive Bildgebung enzymatischer Aktivität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Gardner
- Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Christopher J. Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
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14
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Schunk HC, Hernandez DS, Austin MJ, Dhada KS, Rosales AM, Suggs LJ. Assessing the range of enzymatic and oxidative tunability for biosensor design. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3460-3487. [PMID: 32159202 PMCID: PMC7219111 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Development of multi-functional materials and biosensors that can achieve an in situ response designed by the user is a current need in the biomaterials field, especially in complex biological environments, such as inflammation, where multiple enzymatic and oxidative signals are present. In the past decade, there has been extensive research and development of materials chemistries for detecting and monitoring enzymatic activity, as well as for releasing therapeutic and diagnostic agents in regions undergoing oxidative stress. However, there has been limited development of materials in the context of enzymatic and oxidative triggers together, despite their closely tied and overlapping mechanisms. With research focusing on enzymatically and oxidatively triggered materials separately, these systems may be inadequate in monitoring the complexity of inflammatory environments, thus limiting in vivo translatability and diagnostic accuracy. The intention of this review is to highlight a variety of enzymatically and oxidatively triggered materials chemistries to draw attention to the range of synthetic tunability available for the construction of novel biosensors with a spectrum of programmed responses. We focus our discussion on several types of macromolecular sensors, generally classified by the causative material response driving ultimate signal detection. This includes sensing based on degradative processes, conformational changes, supramolecular assembly/disassembly, and nanomaterial interactions, among others. We see each of these classes providing valuable tools toward coalescing current gaps in the biosensing field regarding specificity, selectivity, sensitivity, and flexibility in application. Additionally, by considering the materials chemistry of enzymatically and oxidatively triggered biomaterials in tandem, we hope to encourage synthesis of new biosensors that capitalize on their synergistic roles and overlapping mechanisms in inflammatory environments for applications in disease diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hattie C Schunk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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15
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Fugate KK, Eide JD, Martins DN, Grusak MA, Deckard EL, Finger FL. Colocalization of sucrose synthase expression and sucrose storage in the sugarbeet taproot indicates a potential role for sucrose catabolism in sucrose accumulation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:153016. [PMID: 31400718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose metabolism is believed to have a central role in promoting sink strength and sucrose storage in the sugarbeet taproot. How sucrose accumulation is increased by sucrose-degrading enzymes, however, is a paradox. To elucidate roles for sucrose-degrading activities in sucrose accumulation, relationships between the intercellular location of sucrose-catabolizing enzymes and sites of sucrose accumulation were determined in the sugarbeet taproot. Sucrose storage was evident in parenchyma cells of the outer cortex, rays, and rings of parenchyma tissue, but was absent in phloem, the vascular cambium, cells surrounding these tissues, or cells surrounding xylem. Sucrose synthase, which was primarily responsible for sucrose catabolism throughout the taproot, was expressed in similar cell and tissue types to those accumulating sucrose. Colocalization of sucrose synthase with sucrose accumulation, as well as sucrose synthase localization near the tonoplast, suggests a role for the enzyme in generating metabolic energy to fuel sucrose sequestration in the vacuole. Localization near the plasma membrane also suggests a role for sucrose synthase in supplying substrates for cell wall biosynthesis. By utilizing sucrose for ATP or cell wall biosynthesis, sucrose synthase likely maintains the source-to-sink sucrose gradient that drives sucrose transport into the root, thereby promoting sugarbeet root sink strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Fugate
- USDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - John D Eide
- USDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - Daniel N Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36571-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Michael A Grusak
- USDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - Edward L Deckard
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
| | - Fernando L Finger
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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16
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Yang C, Wang Q, Ding W. Recent progress in the imaging detection of enzyme activities in vivo. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25285-25302. [PMID: 35530057 PMCID: PMC9070033 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04508b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic activities are important for normal physiological processes and are also critical regulatory mechanisms for many pathologies. Identifying the enzyme activities in vivo has considerable importance in disease diagnoses and monitoring of the physiological metabolism. In the past few years, great strides have been made towards the imaging detection of enzyme activity in vivo based on optical modality, MRI modality, nuclear modality, photoacoustic modality and multifunctional modality. This review summarizes the latest advances in the imaging detection of enzyme activities in vivo reported within the past years, mainly concentrating on the probe design, imaging strategies and demonstration of enzyme activities in vivo. This review also highlights the potential challenges and the further directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Yang
- College of Health Science, Yuncheng Polytechnic College Yuncheng Shanxi 044000 PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Wu Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
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17
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Shi H, Sun Y, Yan R, Liu S, Zhu L, Liu S, Feng Y, Wang P, He J, Zhou Z, Ye D. Magnetic Semiconductor Gd-Doping CuS Nanoparticles as Activatable Nanoprobes for Bimodal Imaging and Targeted Photothermal Therapy of Gastric Tumors. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:937-947. [PMID: 30688465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of enzyme-activatable probes into cancer cells to facilitate accurate imaging and on-demand photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancers with high spatiotemporal precision promises to advance cancer diagnosis and therapy. Here, we report a tumor-targeted and matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2)-activatable nanoprobe (T-MAN) formed by covalent modification of Gd-doping CuS micellar nanoparticles with cRGD and an MMP-2-cleavable fluorescent substrate. T-MAN displays a high r1 relaxivity (∼60.0 mM-1 s-1 per Gd3+ at 1 T) and a large near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence turn-on ratio (∼185-fold) in response to MMP-2, allowing high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and low-background fluorescence imaging of gastric tumors as well as lymph node (LN) metastasis in living mice. Moreover, T-MAN has a high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE, ∼70.1%) under 808 nm laser irradiation, endowing it with the ability to efficiently generate heat to kill tumor cells. We demonstrate that T-MAN can accumulate preferentially in gastric tumors (∼23.4% ID%/g at 12 h) after intravenous injection into mice, creating opportunities for fluorescence/MR bimodal imaging-guided PTT of subcutaneous and metastatic gastric tumors. For the first time, accurate detection and laser irradiation-initiated photothermal ablation of orthotopic gastric tumors in intraoperative mice was also achieved. This study highlights the versatility of using a combination of dual biomarker recognition (i.e., αvβ3 and MMP-2) and dual modality imaging (i.e., MRI and NIR fluorescence) to design tumor-targeting and activatable nanoprobes with improved selectivity for cancer theranostics in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shi
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Yidan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing , 210093 , China
| | - Runqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing , 210093 , China
| | - Shunli Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Yuzhang Feng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing , 210093 , China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing , 210093 , China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , 210008 , China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing , 210093 , China
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18
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Fu Q, Zhu R, Song J, Yang H, Chen X. Photoacoustic Imaging: Contrast Agents and Their Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805875. [PMID: 30556205 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging as a fast-developing imaging technique has great potential in biomedical and clinical applications. It is a noninvasive imaging modality that depends on the light-absorption coefficient of the imaged tissue and the injected PA-imaging contrast agents. Furthermore, PA imaging provides superb contrast, super spatial resolution, and high penetrability and sensitivity to tissue functional characteristics by detecting the acoustic wave to construct PA images. In recent years, a series of PA-imaging contrast agents are developed to improve the PA-imaging performance in biomedical applications. Here, recent progress of PA contrast agents and their biomedical applications are outlined. PA contrast agents are classified according to their components and function, and gold nanocrystals, gold-nanocrystal assembly, transition-metal chalcogenides/MXene-based nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials, other inorganic imaging agents, small organic molecules, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles, and nonlinear PA-imaging contrast agents are discussed. The applications of PA contrast agents as biosensors (in the sensing of metal ions, pH, enzymes, temperature, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species) and in bioimaging (lymph nodes, vasculature, tumors, and brain tissue) are discussed in detail. Finally, an outlook on the future research and investigation of PA-imaging contrast agents and their significance in biomedical research is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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19
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Yu S, Du Z, Dong C, Ren J. In situ study of RSK2 kinase activity in a single living cell by combining single molecule spectroscopy with activity-based probes. Analyst 2019; 144:3756-3764. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00178f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FCS with the ABP strategy is a very promising method for studying endogenous protein kinases in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrong Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Zhixue Du
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chaoqing Dong
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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20
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Erich K, Reinle K, Müller T, Munteanu B, Sammour DA, Hinsenkamp I, Gutting T, Burgermeister E, Findeisen P, Ebert MP, Krijgsveld J, Hopf C. Spatial Distribution of Endogenous Tissue Protease Activity in Gastric Carcinoma Mapped by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:151-161. [PMID: 30293968 PMCID: PMC6317471 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protease activity has been implicated in the etiology of various prevalent diseases including neurodegeneration and cancer, in particular metastasis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has recently been established as a key technology for bioanalysis of multiple biomolecular classes such as proteins, lipids, and glycans. However, it has not yet been systematically explored for investigation of a tissue's endogenous protease activity. In this study, we demonstrate that different tissues, spray-coated with substance P as a tracer, digest this peptide with different time-course profiles. Furthermore, we reveal that distinct cleavage products originating from substance P are generated transiently and that proteolysis can be attenuated by protease inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner. To show the translational potential of the method, we analyzed protease activity of gastric carcinoma in mice. Our MSI and quantitative proteomics results reveal differential distribution of protease activity - with strongest activity being observed in mouse tumor tissue, suggesting the general applicability of the workflow in animal pharmacology and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Erich
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kevin Reinle
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torsten Müller
- ¶German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;; ‡‡Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Munteanu
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Denis A Sammour
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Hinsenkamp
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Findeisen
- **Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- ¶German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;; ‡‡Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;.
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21
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Luo Z, An R, Ye D. Recent Advances in the Development of Optical Imaging Probes for γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase. Chembiochem 2018; 20:474-487. [PMID: 30062708 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is a cell-membrane-bound protease that participates in cellular glutathione and cysteine homeostasis, which are closely related to many physiological and pathological processes. The accurate measurement of GGT activity is useful for the early diagnosis of diseases. In the past few years, many efforts have been made to build optical imaging probes for the detection of GGT activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this Minireview, recent advances in the development of various optical imaging probes for GGT, including activatable fluorescence probes, ratiometric fluorescence probes, and activatable bioluminescence probes, are summarized. This review starts from the instruction of the GGT enzyme and its biological functions, followed by a discussion of activatable fluorescence probes that show off-on fluorescence in response to GGT. GGT-activatable two-photon fluorescence imaging probes with improved imaging depth and spatial resolution are also discussed. Ratiometric fluorescence probes capable of accurately reporting on GGT levels through a self-calibration mechanism are discussed, followed by describing GGT-activatable bioluminescence probes that can offer a high signal-to-background ratio to detect GGT in living mice. Finally, current challenges and further perspectives for the development of molecular imaging probes for GGT are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ruibing An
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
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22
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Comess KM, McLoughlin SM, Oyer JA, Richardson PL, Stöckmann H, Vasudevan A, Warder SE. Emerging Approaches for the Identification of Protein Targets of Small Molecules - A Practitioners’ Perspective. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8504-8535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Comess
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Shaun M. McLoughlin
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Jon A. Oyer
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Paul L. Richardson
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Henning Stöckmann
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Scott E. Warder
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
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23
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Optical imaging of ovarian cancer using a matrix metalloproteinase-3-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192047. [PMID: 29390034 PMCID: PMC5794152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the seventh most common cancer among women worldwide. The 5-year survival rate for women with EOC is only 30%-50%, which is largely due to the typically late diagnosis of this condition. EOC is difficult to detect in its early stage because of its asymptomatic nature. Recently, near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging has been developed as a potential tool for detecting EOC at the molecular level. In this study, a NIRF-sensitive probe was designed to detect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in ovarian cancer cells. A cyanine fluorochrome was conjugated to the amino terminus of a peptide substrate with enzymatic specificity for MMP-3. To analyze the novel MMP-3 probe, an in vivo EOC model was established by subcutaneously implanting SKOV3 cells, a serous-type EOC cell line, in mice. This novel MMP-3-sensitive probe specifically reacted with only the active MMP-3 enzyme, resulting in a significantly enhanced NIRF emission intensity. Histological analysis demonstrated that MMP-3 expression and activity were enhanced in the stromal cells surrounding the ovarian cancer cells. These studies establish a molecular imaging reporter for diagnosing early-stage EOC. Additional studies are required to confirm the early-stage activity of MMP-3 in EOC and its diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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Host Cell Proteases: Cathepsins. ACTIVATION OF VIRUSES BY HOST PROTEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123490 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75474-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsins are proteolytic enzymes with a broad spectrum of substrates. They are known to reside within endo-lysosomes where they acquire optimal conditions for proteolytic activity and substrate cleavage. However, cathepsins have been detected in locations other than the canonical compartments of the endocytotic pathway. They are often secreted from cells in either proteolytically inactive proform or as mature and active enzyme; this may happen in both physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, cytosolic and nuclear forms of cathepsins have been described and are currently an emerging field of research aiming at understanding their functions in such unexpected cellular locations. This chapter summarizes the canonical pathways of biosynthesis and transport of cathepsins in healthy cells. We further describe how cathepsins can reach unexpected locations such as the extracellular space or the cytosol and the nuclear matrix. No matter where viruses and cathepsins encounter, several outcomes can be perceived. Thus, scenarios are discussed on how cathepsins may support virus entry into host cells, involve in viral fusion factor and polyprotein processing in different host cell compartments, or help in packaging of viral particles during maturation. It is of note to mention that this review is not meant to comprehensively cover the present literature on viruses encountering cathepsins but rather illustrates, on some representative examples, the possible roles of cathepsins in replication of viruses and in the course of disease.
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25
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Zhao Y, Zhang X, Li Z, Huo S, Zhang K, Gao J, Wang H, Liang XJ. Spatiotemporally Controllable Peptide-Based Nanoassembly in Single Living Cells for a Biological Self-Portrait. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017. [PMID: 28639395 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous precise localization and activity evaluation of a biomolecule in a single living cell is through an enzyme-specific signal-amplification process, which involves the localized, site-specific self-assembly, and activation of a presignaling molecule. The inactive presignaling tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-peptide derivative, TPE-YpYY, is nondetectable and highly biocompatible and these small molecules rapidly diffuse into living cells. Upon safely arriving at an active site, and accessing the catalytic pocket of an enzyme, TPE-YpYY immediately and quantitatively accumulates in situ in response to enzymatic activity, forms an enzyme anchor TPE-YYY nanoassembly, displays aggregation-induced emission behavior, and finally lights up the active enzyme, indicating its activity, and allowing its status in living cells to be tracked. This simple and direct self-portrait method can be used to monitor dynamic self-assembly processes in individual living cells and may provide new insights that reveal undiscovered biological processes and that aid in developing biomedical hybrid devices. In the future, this strategy of molecular design can be further expanded to the noninvasive investigation of other bioactive molecules, thus facilitating quantitative imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuaidong Huo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Juntao Gao
- Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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26
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Shamsi TN, Parveen R, Sen P, Fatima S. Purification and characterization of a novel trypsin-like protease from green-seeded chickpea (Cicer arientum). Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:513-519. [PMID: 28278112 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1292291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the purification and physicochemical and biochemical characterization of trypsin-like protease from green-seeded chickpea (Cicer arientum). The crude extract of chickpea trypsin (CpT) was obtained by homogenization followed by differential ammonium sulfate precipitation. The CpT was purified by ion-exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) column, pre-equilibrated with 20 mM tris-CaCl2 buffer (pH 8.2) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1. The molecular weight and purity of ∼23 kDa of CpT were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Activity of protease was determined using Nα-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide as chromogenic substrate and CpT purified showed a specific inhibitor activity of 26978.7697 U mg-1, fold purity of 9.8, and the yield of 70.2%. The characterization was performed for thermal stability, pH profile, and effect of various inhibitors on enzymatic activity. The protein isolated showed stability in the neutral to mild alkaline pH range and thermostability up to 50°C. CpT confirmed its serine nature as it was appreciably inhibited by serine protease inhibitors (maximum 6%), whereas metalloprotease inhibitors barely affected the activity of the enzyme (85%). To the best of our knowledge, it is first reported on purification of protease with trypsin-like properties, from this source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Naz Shamsi
- a Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Romana Parveen
- a Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Priyankar Sen
- b Centre for Bioseparation Technology, VIT , Vellore , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Sadaf Fatima
- a Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
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27
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Walker E, Mann M, Honda K, Vidimos A, Schluchter MD, Straight B, Bogyo M, Popkin D, Basilion JP. Rapid visualization of nonmelanoma skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76:209-216.e9. [PMID: 27876303 PMCID: PMC5341746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mohs micrographic surgery examines all margins of the resected sample and has a 99% cure rate. However, many nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are not readily amenable to Mohs micrographic surgery. This defines an unmet clinical need to assess the completeness of non-Mohs micrographic surgery resections during surgery to prevent re-excision/recurrence. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the utility of quenched activity-based probe imaging to discriminate cancerous versus normal-appearing skin tissue. METHODS The quenched activity-based probe GB119 was applied to NMSC excised from 68 patients. We validated activation of the probe for hematoxylin-eosin-confirmed cancerous tissue versus normal-appearing skin tissue. RESULTS Topical application of the probe differentiated basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma from normal-appearing skin with overall estimated sensitivity and specificity of 0.989 (95% confidence interval 0.940-1.00) and 0.894 (95% confidence interval 0.769-0.965), respectively. Probe activation accurately defined peripheral margins of NMSC as compared with conventional hematoxylin-eosin-based pathology. LIMITATIONS This study only examined NMSC debulking excision specimens. The sensitivity and specificity for this approach using final NMSC excision margins will be clinically important. CONCLUSIONS These findings merit further studies to determine whether quenched activity-based probe technology may enable cost-effective increased cure rates for patients with NMSC by reducing re-excision and recurrence rates with a rapid and easily interpretable technological advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Margaret Mann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kord Honda
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Allison Vidimos
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark D Schluchter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel Popkin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James P Basilion
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; National Foundation for Cancer Research Center for Molecular Imaging, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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28
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Cho YL, Kim YP, Son JG, Son M, Lee TG. On-Chip Peptide Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Protein Kinase Inhibitor Screening. Anal Chem 2016; 89:799-806. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Lai Cho
- Center for Nano-Bio
Measurement, World Class Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Young-Pil Kim
- Department of Life Science and Institute
of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jin Gyeong Son
- Center for Nano-Bio
Measurement, World Class Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Miyoung Son
- Center for Nano-Bio
Measurement, World Class Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Center for Nano-Bio
Measurement, World Class Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Department of Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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29
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Tallman KR, Levine SR, Beatty KE. Small-Molecule Probes Reveal Esterases with Persistent Activity in Dormant and Reactivating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:936-944. [PMID: 27690385 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the deadliest bacterial pathogen in the world. An estimated one-third of humans harbor Mtb in a dormant state. These asymptomatic, latent infections impede tuberculosis eradication due to the long-term potential for reactivation. Dormant Mtb has reduced enzymatic activity, but hydrolases that remain active facilitate pathogen survival. We targeted Mtb esterases, a diverse set of enzymes in the serine hydrolase family, and studied their activities using both activity-based probes (ABPs) and fluorogenic esterase substrates. These small-molecule probes revealed functional esterases in active, dormant, and reactivating cultures. Using ABPs, we identified five esterases that remained active in dormant Mtb, including LipM (Rv2284), LipN (Rv2970c), CaeA (Rv2224c), Rv0183, and Rv1683. Three of these, CaeA, Rv0183, and Rv1683, were catalytically active in all three culture conditions. Fluorogenic probes additionally revealed LipH (Rv1399c), Culp1 (Rv1984c), and Rv3036c esterase activity in dormant and active cultures. Esterases with persistent activity are potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for Mtb-infected individuals with latent or active tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie R. Tallman
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail Code CL3B, 2730 S.W. Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Samantha R. Levine
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail Code CL3B, 2730 S.W. Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Kimberly E. Beatty
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail Code CL3B, 2730 S.W. Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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30
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Wang Y, Li J, Feng L, Yu J, Zhang Y, Ye D, Chen HY. Lysosome-Targeting Fluorogenic Probe for Cathepsin B Imaging in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12403-12410. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinbo Li
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liandong Feng
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingfang Yu
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key
Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry
for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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31
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Choi YR, Lee B, Park J, Namkung W, Jeong KS. Enzyme-Responsive Procarriers Capable of Transporting Chloride Ions across Lipid and Cellular Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15319-15322. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Rin Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Bom Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jinhong Park
- College
of Pharmacy, Yonsei International Campus, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Wan Namkung
- College
of Pharmacy, Yonsei International Campus, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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32
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33
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Diamagnetic Imaging Agents with a Modular Chemical Design for Quantitative Detection of β-Galactosidase and β-Glucuronidase Activities with CatalyCEST MRI. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2549-2557. [PMID: 27657647 PMCID: PMC6013409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Imaging agents for the noninvasive in vivo detection of enzyme activity in preclinical and clinical settings could have fundamental implications in the field of drug discovery. Furthermore, a new class of targeted prodrug treatments takes advantage of high enzyme activity to tailor therapy and improve treatment outcomes. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents that quantitatively detect β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase activities by measuring changes in chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Based on a modular approach, we incorporated the enzymes' respective substrates to a salicylate moiety with a chromogenic spacer via a carbamate linkage. This furnished highly selective diamagnetic CEST agents that detected and quantified enzyme activities of glycoside hydrolase enzymes. Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics studies were performed by monitoring catalyCEST MRI signals, which were validated with UV-vis assays.
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34
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Bodenmiller B. Multiplexed Epitope-Based Tissue Imaging for Discovery and Healthcare Applications. Cell Syst 2016; 2:225-38. [PMID: 27135535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The study of organs and tissues on a molecular level is necessary as we seek an understanding of health and disease. Over the last few years, powerful highly multiplexed epitope-based imaging approaches that rely on the serial imaging of tissues with fluorescently labeled antibodies and the simultaneous analysis using metal-labeled antibodies have emerged. These techniques enable analysis of dozens of epitopes in thousands of cells in a single experiment providing a systems level view of normal and disease processes at the single-cell level with spatial resolution in tissues. In this Review, I discuss, first, the highly multiplexed epitope-based imaging approaches and the generated data. Second, I describe challenges that must be overcome to implement these imaging methods from bench to bedside, including issues with tissue processing and analyses of the large amounts of data generated. Third, I discuss how these methods can be integrated with readouts of genome, transcriptome, metabolome, and live cell information, and fourth, the novel applications possible in tissue biology, drug development, and biomarker discovery. I anticipate that highly multiplexed epitope-based imaging approaches will broadly complement existing imaging methods and will become a cornerstone of tissue biology and biomedical research and of precision medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Bodenmiller
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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35
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Zhu B, Zhang H, Pan S, Wang C, Ge J, Lee JS, Yao SQ. In Situ Proteome Profiling and Bioimaging Applications of Small-Molecule Affinity-Based Probes Derived From DOT1L Inhibitors. Chemistry 2016; 22:7824-36. [PMID: 27115831 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
DOT1L is the sole protein methyltransferase that methylates histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79), and is a promising drug target against cancers. Small-molecule inhibitors of DOT1L such as FED1 are potential anti-cancer agents and useful tools to investigate the biological roles of DOT1L in human diseases. FED1 showed excellent in vitro inhibitory activity against DOT1L, but its cellular effect was relatively poor. In this study, we designed and synthesized photo-reactive and "clickable" affinity-based probes (AfBPs), P1 and P2, which were cell-permeable and structural mimics of FED1. The binding and inhibitory effects of these two probes against DOT1L protein were extensively investigated in vitro and in live mammalian cells (in situ). The cellular uptake and sub-cellular localization properties of the probes were subsequently studied in live-cell imaging experiments, and our results revealed that, whereas both P1 and P2 readily entered mammalian cells, most of them were not able to reach the cell nucleus where functional DOT1L resides. This offers a plausible explanation for the poor cellular activity of FED1. Finally with P1/P2, large-scale cell-based proteome profiling, followed by quantitative LC-MS/MS, was carried out to identify potential cellular off-targets of FED1. Amongst the more than 100 candidate off-targets identified, NOP2 (a putative ribosomal RNA methyltransferase) was further confirmed to be likely a genuine off-target of FED1 by preliminary validation experiments including pull-down/Western blotting (PD/WB) and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biwei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sijun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jingyan Ge
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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36
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Levine SR, Beatty KE. Synthesis of a far-red fluorophore and its use as an esterase probe in living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1835-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new esterase-activatable probe expands the toolkit for staining living cells with a far-red fluorescent carbazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R. Levine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine
- Oregon Health & Science University
- Portland, USA
| | - Kimberly E. Beatty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine
- Oregon Health & Science University
- Portland, USA
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37
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Finkler B, Riemann I, Vester M, Grüter A, Stracke F, Jung G. Monomolecular pyrenol-derivatives as multi-emissive probes for orthogonal reactivities. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:1544-1557. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00290k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chameleons in a test tube: up to four easily distinguishable emission colors result from conversion by two hydrolytic enzymes at opposite reaction sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Finkler
- Biophysical Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | | | - Michael Vester
- Biophysical Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | - Andreas Grüter
- Biophysical Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | | | - Gregor Jung
- Biophysical Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
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38
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Li Z, Qian L, Li L, Bernhammer JC, Huynh HV, Lee JS, Yao SQ. Tetrazole Photoclick Chemistry: Reinvestigating Its Suitability as a Bioorthogonal Reaction and Potential Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiu Li
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Linghui Qian
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jan C. Bernhammer
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Han Vinh Huynh
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science & Technology; Republic of Korea
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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39
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Li Z, Qian L, Li L, Bernhammer JC, Huynh HV, Lee JS, Yao SQ. Tetrazole Photoclick Chemistry: Reinvestigating Its Suitability as a Bioorthogonal Reaction and Potential Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:2002-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiu Li
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Linghui Qian
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jan C. Bernhammer
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Han Vinh Huynh
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science & Technology; Republic of Korea
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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40
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Ji K, Heyza J, Cavallo-Medved D, Sloane BF. Pathomimetic cancer avatars for live-cell imaging of protease activity. Biochimie 2015; 122:68-76. [PMID: 26375517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are essential for normal physiology as well as multiple diseases, e.g., playing a causative role in cancer progression, including in tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Identification of dynamic alterations in protease activity may allow us to detect early stage cancers and to assess the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. Despite the clinical importance of proteases in cancer progression, their functional roles individually and within the context of complex protease networks have not yet been well defined. These gaps in our understanding might be addressed with: 1) accurate and sensitive tools and methods to directly identify changes in protease activities in live cells, and 2) pathomimetic avatars for cancer that recapitulate in vitro the tumor in the context of its cellular and non-cellular microenvironment. Such avatars should be designed to facilitate mechanistic studies that can be translated to animal models and ultimately the clinic. Here, we will describe basic principles and recent applications of live-cell imaging for identification of active proteases. The avatars optimized by our laboratory are three-dimensional (3D) human breast cancer models in a matrix of reconstituted basement membrane (rBM). They are designated mammary architecture and microenvironment engineering (MAME) models as they have been designed to mimic the structural and functional interactions among cell types in the normal and cancerous human breast. We have demonstrated the usefulness of these pathomimetic avatars for following dynamic and temporal changes in cell:cell interactions and quantifying changes in protease activity associated with these interactions in real-time (4D). We also briefly describe adaptation of the avatars to custom-designed and fabricated tissue architecture and microenvironment engineering (TAME) chambers that enhance our ability to analyze concomitant changes in the malignant phenotype and the associated tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmin Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Joshua Heyza
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Dora Cavallo-Medved
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada.
| | - Bonnie F Sloane
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada.
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41
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Zhu B, Ge J, Yao SQ. Developing new chemical tools for DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT 1): A small-molecule activity-based probe and novel tetrazole-containing inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2917-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Garenne T, Saidi A, Gilmore BF, Niemiec E, Roy V, Agrofoglio LA, Kasabova M, Lecaille F, Lalmanach G. Active site labeling of cysteine cathepsins by a straightforward diazomethylketone probe derived from the N-terminus of human cystatin C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:250-4. [PMID: 25778864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We designed a straightforward biotinylated probe using the N-terminal substrate-like region of the inhibitory site of human cystatin C as a scaffold, linked to the thiol-specific reagent diazomethylketone group as a covalent warhead (i.e. Biot-(PEG)₂-Ahx-LeuValGly-DMK). The irreversible activity-based probe bound readily to cysteine cathepsins B, L, S and K. Moreover affinity labeling is sensitive since active cathepsins were detected in the nM range using an ExtrAvidin-peroxidase conjugate for disclosure. Biot-(PEG)₂-Ahx-LeuValGly-DMK allowed a slightly more pronounced labeling for cathepsin S with a compelling second-order rate constant for association (kass = 2,320,000 M(-1) s(-1)). Labeling of the active site is dose-dependent as observed using 6-cyclohexylamine-4-piperazinyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-carbonitrile, as competitive inhibitor of cathepsins. Finally we showed that Biot-(PEG)₂-Ahx-LeuValGly-DMK may be a simple and convenient tool to label secreted and intracellular active cathepsins using a myelomonocytic cell line (THP-1 cells) as model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Garenne
- INSERM UMR 1100 «Pathologies Pulmonaires: Protéolyse et Aérosolthérapie», Equipe «Mécanismes Protéolytiques dans l'Inflammation»/Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - Ahlame Saidi
- INSERM UMR 1100 «Pathologies Pulmonaires: Protéolyse et Aérosolthérapie», Equipe «Mécanismes Protéolytiques dans l'Inflammation»/Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - Brendan F Gilmore
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, McClay Research Centre, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Elżbieta Niemiec
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Orléans, France
| | - Vincent Roy
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Orléans, France
| | - Luigi A Agrofoglio
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Orléans, France
| | - Mariana Kasabova
- INSERM UMR 1100 «Pathologies Pulmonaires: Protéolyse et Aérosolthérapie», Equipe «Mécanismes Protéolytiques dans l'Inflammation»/Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - Fabien Lecaille
- INSERM UMR 1100 «Pathologies Pulmonaires: Protéolyse et Aérosolthérapie», Equipe «Mécanismes Protéolytiques dans l'Inflammation»/Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - Gilles Lalmanach
- INSERM UMR 1100 «Pathologies Pulmonaires: Protéolyse et Aérosolthérapie», Equipe «Mécanismes Protéolytiques dans l'Inflammation»/Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Université François Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France.
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43
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Su Y, Pan S, Li Z, Li L, Wu X, Hao P, Sze SK, Yao SQ. Multiplex imaging and cellular target identification of kinase inhibitors via an affinity-based proteome profiling approach. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7724. [PMID: 25579846 PMCID: PMC4290084 DOI: 10.1038/srep07724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MLN8237 is a highly potent and presumably selective inhibitor of Aurora kinase A (AKA) and has shown promising antitumor activities. Like other kinase inhibitors which target the ATP-binding site of kinases, MLN8237 might be expected to have potential cellular off-targets. Herein, we report the first photoaffinity-based, small molecule AKA probe capable of both live-cell imaging of AKA activities and in situ proteome profiling of potential off-targets of MLN8237 (including AKA-associating proteins). By using two mutually compatible, bioorthogonal reactions (copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition chemistry and TCO-tetrazine ligation), we demostrate small molecule-based multiplex bioimaging for simultaneous in situ monitoring of two important cell-cycle regulating kinases (AKA and CDK1). A broad range of proteins, as potential off-targets of MLN8237 and AKA's-interacting partners, is subsequently identified by affinity-based proteome profiling coupled with large-scale LC-MS/MS analysis. From these studies, we discover novel AKA interactions which were further validated by cell-based immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Sijun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Xiaoyuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Piliang Hao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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44
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Segal E, Prestwood TR, van der Linden WA, Carmi Y, Bhattacharya N, Withana N, Verdoes M, Habtezion A, Engleman EG, Bogyo M. Detection of intestinal cancer by local, topical application of a quenched fluorescence probe for cysteine cathepsins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:148-58. [PMID: 25579207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of colonic polyps can prevent up to 90% of colorectal cancer deaths. Conventional colonoscopy readily detects the majority of premalignant lesions, which exhibit raised morphology. However, lesions that are flat and depressed are often undetected using this method. Therefore, there is a need for molecular-based contrast agents to improve detection rates over conventional colonoscopy. We evaluated a quenched fluorescent activity-based probe (qABP; BMV109) that targets multiple cysteine cathepsins that are overexpressed in intestinal dysplasia in a genetic model of spontaneous intestinal polyp formation and in a chemically induced model of colorectal carcinoma. We found that the qABP selectively targets cysteine cathepsins, resulting in high sensitivity and specificity for intestinal tumors in mice and humans. Additionally, the qABP can be administered by either intravenous injection or by local delivery to the colon, making it a highly valuable tool for improved detection of colorectal lesions using fluorescence-guided colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Segal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tyler R Prestwood
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wouter A van der Linden
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yaron Carmi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nupur Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nimali Withana
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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45
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Tallman KR, Beatty KE. Far-red fluorogenic probes for esterase and lipase detection. Chembiochem 2014; 16:70-5. [PMID: 25469918 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fluorogenic enzyme probes go from a dark to a bright state following hydrolysis and can provide a sensitive, real-time readout of enzyme activity. They are useful for examining enzymatic activity in bacteria, including the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein, we describe two fluorogenic esterase probes derived from the far-red fluorophore 7-hydroxy-9H-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one) (DDAO). These probes offer enhanced optical properties compared to existing esterase probes because the hydrolysis product, DDAO, excites above 600 nm while retaining a good quantum yield (ϕ=0.40). We validated both probes with a panel of commercially available enzymes alongside known resorufin- and fluorescein-derived esterase substrates. Furthermore, we used these probes to reveal esterase activity in protein gel-resolved mycobacterial lysates. These probes represent new tools for esterase detection and characterization and should find use in a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie R Tallman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 SW Moody Avenue, CL3B, Portland, OR 97201 (USA)
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46
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Diyabalanage HVK, Van de Bittner GC, Ricq EL, Hooker JM. A chemical strategy for the cell-based detection of HDAC activity. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:1257-62. [PMID: 25056147 PMCID: PMC4076023 DOI: 10.1021/cb500248r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A strategy
for activity-based enzyme detection using a novel enamide-based
chemical strategy is described. Enzymatic cleavage of an amide bond
results in the formation of an aldehyde. The interaction of this aldehyde
with proteins increases retention in cells that express the enzyme.
Proof of concept for this enamide-based strategy is demonstrated by
detecting histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in HeLa cells. The modular
design of this strategy makes it amenable to in vitro and in vivo detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himashinie V. K. Diyabalanage
- Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical
Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Genevieve C. Van de Bittner
- Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical
Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Emily L. Ricq
- Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical
Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Jacob M. Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical
Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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47
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Gao M, Hu Q, Feng G, Tang BZ, Liu B. A fluorescent light-up probe with “AIE + ESIPT” characteristics for specific detection of lysosomal esterase. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:3438-3442. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00345d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent light-up probe with “AIE + ESIPT” characteristics for specific detection of lysosomal esterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (A*STAR)
- , Singapore 117602
| | - Qinglian Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- 4 Engineering Drive 4
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117585
| | - Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- 4 Engineering Drive 4
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117585
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (A*STAR)
- , Singapore 117602
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- 4 Engineering Drive 4
- National University of Singapore
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48
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Takaoka Y, Fukuyama Y, Matsuo K, Hamachi I. Disassembly-driven Turn-on Sensing of Enzyme Activity by Substrate-based Fluorescent Nanoprobe. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University
| | - Yoshiaki Fukuyama
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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49
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Wang Y, Xia J, Wang LV. Deep-tissue photoacoustic tomography of Förster resonance energy transfer. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:101316. [PMID: 23884608 PMCID: PMC3719951 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.10.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a distance-dependent process that transfers excited state energy from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule without the emission of a photon. The FRET rate is determined by the proximity between the donor and the acceptor molecules; it becomes significant only when the proximity is within several nanometers. Therefore, FRET has been applied to visualize interactions and conformational changes of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that cannot be resolved by optical microscopy. Here, we report photoacoustic tomography of FRET efficiency at a 1-cm depth in chicken breast tissue, whereas conventional high-resolution fluorescence imaging is limited to <0.1 cm. Photoacoustic tomography is expected to facilitate the examination of FRET phenomena in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Jun Xia
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130
- Address all correspondence to: Lihong V. Wang, Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130. Tel: (314) 935-6152; Fax: (314) 935-7448; E-mail:
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50
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Tam EKW, Li Z, Goh YL, Cheng X, Wong SY, Santhanakrishnan S, Chai CLL, Yao SQ. Cell-Based Proteome Profiling Using an Affinity-Based Probe (AfBP) Derived from 3-Deazaneplanocin A (). Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1818-28. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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