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Fang H, Wang X, Wang Z, Ma X, Zhang L, Yang L. Modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the ovine liver and duodenum during early pregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 89:106870. [PMID: 38954983 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The liver and intestine play a critical role in nutrient absorption, storage, and metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate expression pattern of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway that included PI3K, AKT1, mTOR, FoxO1, SREBP-1, PPARα, PTEN and FXR in the maternal liver and duodenum. Ovine livers and duodenums were sampled at day 16 of the estrous cycle, and at days 13, 16 and 25 of gestation, and RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect mRNA and protein expression. The results showed that expression of PI3K, AKT1, p-mTOR, FoxO1, SREBP-1 and PTEN upregulated in the maternal liver, and PPARα upregulated in the duodenum. However, expression of FoxO1, SREBP-1 and PTEN in the duodenum downregulated during early pregnancy. In addition, expression levels of SREBP-1, PTEN and PPARα in the maternal liver, and PI3K in the duodenum peaked at day 13 of pregnancy. In addition, expression levels of PI3K, p-mTOR and FoxO1 in the liver, and AKT1 and p-mTOR in the duodenum peaked at day 16 of pregnancy. Nevertheless, expression levels of FXR both in the maternal liver duodenum downregulated at days 13 and 16 of pregnancy. In conclusion, early pregnancy regulated expression pattern of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the ovine liver and duodenum in a pregnancy stage-specific and tissue-specific manner, which may be necessary for the adaptations in maternal hepatic nutrient metabolism and intestinal nutrient absorption early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Fang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Zhongyue Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Leying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, No. 19 Taiji Road, Handan 056038, PR China.
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2
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Zhang G, Sun C, Zhou G, Zhang Q. Luteolin protects mouse hippocampal neuronal cells against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity through miR-214/PTEN/Akt pathway. Neurotoxicology 2024; 103:310-319. [PMID: 39004286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Isoflurane is one of the most commonly used anaesthetic agents in surgery procedures. During the past decades, isoflurane has been found to cause impairment in neurological capabilities in new-borns and elderly patients. Luteolin is a flavonoid that has been documented to possess a neuroprotective effect. Here we investigated the putative neuroprotective effects of luteolin on isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells and explored the potential mechanisms. We demonstrated that luteolin improved mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis in isoflurane-treated HT22 cells, and thus inhibiting the isoflurane-induced neuronal injury. Further investigations showed that isoflurane exposure caused miR-214 downregulation, which could be mitigated by treatment with luteolin. Knockdown of miR-214 attenuated the neuroprotection of luteolin on isoflurane-induced neuronal injury. More importantly, luteolin inhibited isoflurane-caused regulation of the PTEN/Akt pathway, while miR-214 knockdown altered the regulatory effect of luteolin on the PTEN/Akt pathway. Furthermore, the effects of miR-214 knockdown on the neuroprotection of luteolin could also be prevented by knockdown of PTEN, implying that the neuroprotective effect of luteolin was mediated by miR-214/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. These findings provided evidence for the potential application of luteolin in preventing isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Chuang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Qihang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311700, China.
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3
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Zhang X, Wang W, Mo S, Sun X. DEAD-Box Helicase 17 circRNA (circDDX17) Reduces Sorafenib Resistance and Tumorigenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2096-2108. [PMID: 38653946 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver malignancy. Despite significant progress in HCC treatment, resistance to chemotherapy and tumor metastasis are the main reasons for the unsatisfactory prognosis of HCC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been extensively documented to play a role in the development of various types of cancer. AIMS Here, we investigated the role of DEAD-box helicase 17 circRNA (circDDX17) in HCC and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Our research employed various techniques including reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and western blot analysis. Additionally, we conducted a tumor xenograft assay to investigate the in vivo function of circDDX17. RESULTS Firstly, the expression of circDDX17 was downregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Through functional experiments, it was observed that the overexpression of circDDX17 enhanced the sensitivity of sorafenib, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Additionally, in vivo studies revealed that circDDX17 reduced tumor growth and increased sorafenib sensitivity. Mechanically, circDDX17 competitively combined miR-21-5p to suppress PTEN expression and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, our rescue assays demonstrated that circDDX17 act as a tumor suppressor by blocking sorafenib resistance and tumorigenesis, while the inhibitory effect caused by circDDX17 upregulation was neutralized when miR-21-5p was overexpressed, PTEN was silenced, or the PI3K/AKT pathway was activated. CONCLUSION Our findings firstly confirmed that circDDX17 suppressed sorafenib resistance and HCC progression by regulating miR-21-5p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, which may provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Humans
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- Sorafenib/therapeutic use
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism
- Animals
- Mice
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Mice, Nude
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Male
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Medical Insurance Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Mo
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Sailors General Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
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4
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Zhao W, Huang R, Ran D, Zhang Y, Qu Z, Zheng S. Inhibiting HSD17B8 suppresses the cell proliferation caused by PTEN failure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12280. [PMID: 38811827 PMCID: PMC11137105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN homolog daf-18 in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) triggers diapause cell division during L1 arrest. While prior studies have delved into established pathways, our investigation takes an innovative route. Through forward genetic screening in C. elegans, we pinpoint a new player, F12E12.11, regulated by daf-18, impacting cell proliferation independently of PTEN's typical phosphatase activity. F12E12.11 is an ortholog of human estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 (HSD17B8), which converts estradiol to estrone through its NAD-dependent 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. We found that PTEN engages in a physical interplay with HSD17B8, introducing a distinctive suppression mechanism. The reduction in estrone levels and accumulation of estradiol may arrest tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle through MAPK/ERK. Our study illuminates an unconventional protein interplay, providing insights into how PTEN modulates tumor suppression by restraining cell division through intricate molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruiting Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongyang Ran
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi Qu
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
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5
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Hager M, Chang P, Lee M, Burns CM, Endicott SJ, Miller RA, Li X. Recapitulation of anti-aging phenotypes by global overexpression of PTEN in mice. GeroScience 2024; 46:2653-2670. [PMID: 38114855 PMCID: PMC10828233 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The PTEN gene negatively regulates the oncogenic PI3K-AKT pathway by encoding a lipid and protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) resulting in the inhibition of PI3K and downstream inhibition of AKT. Overexpression of PTEN in mice leads to a longer lifespan compared to control littermates, although the mechanism is unknown. Here, we provide evidence that young adult PTENOE mice exhibit many characteristics shared by other slow-aging mouse models, including those with mutations that affect GH/IGF1 pathways, calorie-restricted mice, and mice treated with anti-aging drugs. PTENOE white adipose tissue (WAT) has increased UCP1, a protein linked to increased thermogenesis. WAT of PTENOE mice also shows a change in polarization of fat-associated macrophages, with elevated levels of arginase 1 (Arg1, characteristic of M2 macrophages) and decreased production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, characteristic of M1 macrophages). Muscle and hippocampus showed increased expression of the myokine FNDC5, and higher levels of its cleavage product irisin in plasma, which has been linked to increased conversion of WAT to more thermogenic beige/brown adipose tissue. PTENOE mice also have an increase, in plasma and liver, of GPLD1, which is known to improve cognition in mice. Hippocampus of the PTENOE mice has elevation of both BDNF and DCX, indices of brain resilience and neurogenesis. These changes in fat, macrophages, liver, muscle, hippocampus, and plasma may be considered "aging rate indicators" in that they seem to be consistently changed across many of the long-lived mouse models and may help to extend lifespan by delaying many forms of late-life illness. Our new findings show that PTENOE mice can be added to the group of long-lived mice that share this multi-tissue suite of biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hager
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Peter Chang
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael Lee
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Calvin M Burns
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - S Joseph Endicott
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xinna Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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6
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Hasani S, Fathabadi F, Saeidi S, Mohajernoei P, Hesari Z. The role of NFATc1 in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer: A review on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1895-1904. [PMID: 37814550 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
A common type of cancer among men is the prostate cancer that kills many people every year. The multistage of this disease and the involvement of the vital organs of the body have reduced the life span and quality of life of the people involved and turned the treatment process into a complex one. NFATc1 biomarker contributes significantly in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease by increasing its expression in prostate cancer and helping the proliferation, differentiation, and invasion of cancer cells through different signaling pathways. NFATc1 is also able to target the metabolism of cancer cells by inserting specific oncogene molecules such as c-myc that it causes cell growth and proliferation. Bone is a common tissue where prostate cancer cells metastasize. In this regard, the activity of NFATc1, through the regulation of different signaling cascades, including the RANKL/RANK signaling pathway, in turn, increases the activity of osteoclasts, and as a result, bone tissue is gradually ruined. Using Silibinin as a medicinal plant extract can inhibit the activity of osteoclasts related to prostate cancer by targeting NFATc. Undoubtedly, NFATc1 is one of the effective oncogenes related to prostate cancer, which has the potential to put this cancer on the path of progression and metastasis. In this review, we will highlight the role of NFATc1 in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. Furthermore, we will summarize signaling pathways and molecular mechanism, through which NFATc1 regulates the process of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Hasani
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Farshid Fathabadi
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saman Saeidi
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Pouya Mohajernoei
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Zahra Hesari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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7
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Tessier NP, Hardy LM, Deleuze JF, How-Kit A. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids of plasma in human aging, healthy aging and longevity: current state of knowledge. Front Genet 2023; 14:1321280. [PMID: 38090154 PMCID: PMC10715054 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1321280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free nucleic acids (ccfNAs) of plasma are a remarkable source of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic materials originating from different cells, tissues and organs of an individual. They have been increasingly studied over the past decade as they can carry several important pieces of information about the health status of an individual, which makes them biomarkers of choice for non-invasive diagnosis of numerous diseases and health conditions. However, few studies have investigated variations of plasma ccfNAs in healthy subjects, particularly in relation to aging, healthy aging and longevity, despite the great variability of these biological processes among individuals. Here, we reviewed several studies that focused on the analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) and microRNAs (ccfmiRNAs) during aging and in the elderly, including some on exceptionally long-lived individuals, i.e., centenarians. After a brief overview of the types, origins and functions of plasma ccfNAs, we described the variations of both ccfDNA and ccfmiRNAs during aging as well as the identification of several potential ccfDNA-based and ccfmiRNA-based biomarkers of aging, healthy aging and/or longevity. We finally highlighted some prospects offered by ccfNAs for the understanding and improvement of healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lise M. Hardy
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA, Institut François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Alexandre How-Kit
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset—CEPH, Paris, France
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8
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Zeng Y, Hu S, Luo Y, He K. Exosome Cargos as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2365. [PMID: 37765333 PMCID: PMC10537613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Due to the insidiousness of HCC onset and the lack of specific early-stage markers, the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC are still unsatisfactory, leading to a poor prognosis. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle containing various components, which play an essential part in the development, progression, and metastasis of HCC. A large number of studies have demonstrated that exosomes could serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC. These diagnostic components mainly include proteins, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. The exosome biomarkers showed high sensitivity and high specificity in distinguishing HCC from health controls and other liver diseases, such as chronic HBV and liver cirrhosis. The expression of these biomarkers also exhibits correlations with various clinical factors such as tumor size, TMN stage, overall survival, and recurrence rate. In this review, we summarize the function of exosomes in the development of HCC and highlight their application as HCC biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulai Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shuyu Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
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9
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Sun Z, Arnouk H. Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) Expression as a Surrogate Biomarker Correlated With the Depth of Invasion in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e45295. [PMID: 37846279 PMCID: PMC10576944 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which is a tumor suppressor gene that is implicated in the pathogenesis of cutaneous malignant melanoma, in normal skin and melanoma tissue samples. The study also aimed to correlate PTEN expression levels with various clinicopathological parameters of melanoma lesions, thus highlighting the utility of PTEN expression as a prognostic biomarker for melanoma. Study design Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed on tissue microarray samples representing normal skin and melanoma biopsies of different clinicopathological parameters. Tissue photomicrographs were evaluated with Aperio ImageScope, which has a positive-pixel-counting algorithm built in. Subsequently, a histochemical score (H-score) was derived from the percentage of positive cells (%-staining) and their staining intensity. The H-scores were averaged in groups of tissue samples representing the different melanomas' tumor (T), node (N), and distant metastasis (M), also known as TNM parameters, as set forth by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification. The mean H-scores were statistically compared using a two-tailed unpaired t-test. Results The PTEN protein expression was measured by IHC and found to be correlated with tumor thickness (T), which is a reliable indicator for survival rates. Specifically, PTEN was significantly downregulated in tumors with a thickness over 2 mm (T3+T4) compared to tumors with a thickness at or below 2 mm (T1+T2). Conclusions The PTEN protein expression, as measured by immunohistochemistry, helped differentiate between tumors with a thickness over 2 mm and tumors with a thickness at or below 2 mm, suggesting PTEN as a potential surrogate marker for the melanoma's invasion depth along with possible prognostic implications. Longitudinal studies evaluating risk stratification based on the expression of PTEN are needed to establish the utility of this promising biomarker in the clinic as an adjunct for pathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Sun
- Pathology, Midwestern University Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, USA
| | - Hilal Arnouk
- Pathology, Midwestern University Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, USA
- Pathology, Midwestern University College of Dental Medicine, Downers Grove, USA
- Pathology, Midwestern University Chicago College of Optometry, Downers Grove, USA
- Molecular Pathology, Midwestern University Precision Medicine Program, Downers Grove, USA
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10
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Lin H, Lin B, Zhu M, Li M. Glucose metabolism reprogramming promotes immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:519-536. [PMID: 37455832 PMCID: PMC10344893 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex process that plays an important role in its progression. Abnormal glucose metabolism in HCC cells can meet the nutrients required for the occurrence and development of liver cancer, better adapt to changes in the surrounding microenvironment, and escape the attack of the immune system on the tumor. There is a close relationship between reprogramming of glucose metabolism and immune escape. This article reviews the current status and progress of glucose metabolism reprogramming in promoting immune escape in liver cancer, aiming to provide new strategies for clinical immunotherapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinchen Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570216, Hainan Province, China
- Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570102, Hainan Province, China
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11
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Doghish AS, Elballal MS, Elazazy O, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Sallam AAM, Elbadry AM, Mohamed AK, Ishak NW, Hassan KA, Ayoub AM, Shalaby RE, Elrebehy MA. miRNAs as potential game-changers in bone diseases: Future medicinal and clinical uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154440. [PMID: 37031531 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short, highly conserved non-coding RNA, influence gene expression by sequential mechanisms such as mRNA breakdown or translational repression. Many biological processes depend on these regulating substances, thus changes in their expression have an impact on the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and result in the emergence of a variety of diseases. Relevant studies have shown in recent years that miRNAs are involved in many stages of bone development and growth. Additionally, abnormal production of miRNA in bone tissues has been closely associated with the development of numerous bone disorders, such as osteonecrosis, bone cancer, and bone metastases. Many pathological processes, including bone loss, metastasis, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, are under the control of miRNAs. By bringing together the most up-to-date information on the clinical relevance of miRNAs in such diseases, this study hopes to further the study of the biological features of miRNAs in bone disorders and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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12
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Naeini SH, Mavaddatiyan L, Kalkhoran ZR, Taherkhani S, Talkhabi M. Alpha-ketoglutarate as a potent regulator for lifespan and healthspan: Evidences and perspectives. Exp Gerontol 2023; 175:112154. [PMID: 36934991 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process that determined by a functional decline in cells and tissues as organisms are growing old, resulting in an increase at risk of disease and death. To this end, many efforts have been made to control aging and increase lifespan and healthspan. These efforts have led to the discovery of several anti-aging drugs and compounds such as rapamycin and metformin. Recently, alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) has been introduced as a potential anti-aging metabolite that can control several functions in organisms, thereby increases longevity and improves healthspan. Unlike other synthetic anti-aging drugs, AKG is one of the metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, and synthesized in the body. It plays a crucial role in the cell energy metabolism, amino acid/protein synthesis, epigenetic regulation, stemness and differentiation, fertility and reproductive health, and cancer cell behaviors. AKG exerts its effects through different mechanisms such as inhibiting mTOR and ATP-synthase, modulating DNA and histone demethylation and reducing ROS formation. Herein, we summarize the recent findings of AKG-related lifespan and healthspan studies and discuss AKG associated cell and molecular mechanisms involved in increasing longevity, improving reproduction, and modulating stem cells and cancer cells behavior. We also discuss the promises and limitations of AKG for delaying aging and other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghi Hakimi Naeini
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Mavaddatiyan
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rashid Kalkhoran
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroush Taherkhani
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Talkhabi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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Grzymajlo K, El Hafny-Rahbi B, Kieda C. Tumour suppressor PTEN activity is differentially inducible by myo-inositol phosphates. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:879-890. [PMID: 36852461 PMCID: PMC10002956 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour evolution and efficacy of treatments are controlled by the microenvironment, the composition of which is primarily dependent on the angiogenic reaction to hypoxic stress. Tumour angiogenesis normalization is a challenge for adjuvant therapy strategies to chemo-, radio- and immunotherapeutics. Myo-inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) appears to provide the means to alleviate hypoxia in the tumour site by a double molecular mechanism. First, it modifies the properties of red blood cells (RBC) to release oxygen (O2 ) in the hypoxic sites more easily, leading to a rapid and stable increase in the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2 ). And second, it activates the endothelial phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN). The hypothesis that stable normalization of the vascular system is due to the PTEN, a tumour suppressor and phosphatase which controls the proper angiogenic reaction was ascertained. Here, by direct biochemical measurements of PTEN competitive activity in relation to PIP2 production, we show that the kinetics are complex in terms of the activation/inhibition effects of ITPP with an inverted consequence towards the kinase PI3K. The use of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique allowed us to demonstrate that PTEN binds inositol derivatives differently but weakly. This method permitted us to reveal that PTEN is highly sensitive to the local concentration conditions, especially that ITPP increases the PTEN activity towards PIP3, and importantly, that PTEN affinity for ITPP is considerably increased by the presence of PIP3, as occurs in vivo. Our approach demonstrates the validity of using ITPP to activate PTEN for stable vessel normalization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Grzymajlo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics UPR 4301 CNRS, Orleans, France.,Military Institute of Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Expression profile of genes related to pregnancy maintenance in Dromedary Camel during the first trimester. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 251:107211. [PMID: 36990016 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
So far, few signals involved in embryo-maternal dialogue have been identified in pregnant she-camel. Our objective was to investigate expression profiles of genes relevant to uterine extracellular matrix remodeling (ITGB4, SLCO2A1, FOS, and JUN), uterine tissue vascularization, and placental formation (VEGFA, PGF, and PDGFA), embryonic growth and development (IGF1 and PTEN), plus cell death of uterine tissue (BCL2) in early pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels. Forty genital tracts (20 pregnant and 20 non-pregnant) and blood samples were collected from abattoirs. Total RNA was extracted from uterine tissues and qRT-PCR was conducted for candidate genes. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P4) and estradiol17-β (E2) were measured. Expression of ITGB4, FOS, and PGF genes increased (P < 0.001) in the right uterine horn of pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels. Moreover, JUN, SLCO2A1, VEGFA, and PTEN mRNAs were up-regulated (P < 0.001) in various segments of uterine tissues in pregnant groups. The PDGFA transcript was over-expressed (P < 0.001) in both uterine horns of pregnant groups. Additionally, IGF1 was higher (P < 0.001) in the right horn and the uterine body of pregnant groups, and expression of BCL2 was increased (P < 0.001) in the pregnant uterine body. Moreover, serum concentrations of P4 were higher (P < 0.001) and E2 lower (P < 0.05) in pregnant she-camels. Taken together, the fine-tuning of genes related to implantation, matrix formation, vascularization, and placental formation is highly required for successful pregnancy in she-camels.
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15
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Wang Z, Xue C, Wang X, Zeng M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide-rich lotus leaf extract promotes a Brown-fat-phenotype in C 3H 10T 1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112198. [PMID: 36596137 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic perennial crop planted worldwide and its leaf (also called "He-Ye") has therapeutic effects on obesity. However, whether the underlying mechanism leads to increased energy expenditure by activation of brown adipocytes has not been clarified. Here, murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were employed to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts from lotus leaf (LLE) on brown adipocytes formation and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed LLE was rich in polyphenols (383.7 mg/g) and flavonoids (178.3 mg/g), with quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (Q3G) the most abundant (128.2 μg/mg). In LLE-treated C3H10T1/2 MSCs, the expressions of lipolytic factors (e.g., ATGL, HSL, and ABHD5) and brown regulators (e.g., Sirt1, PGC-1α, Cidea, and UCP1) were significantly upregulated compared to that in the untreated MSCs. Furthermore, LLE promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation, as evidenced by increases in the expression of Tfam, Cox7A, CoxIV, Cox2, Pparα, and Adrb3. Likewise, enhanced browning and mitochondrial biogenesis were also observed in Q3G-stimulated cells. Importantly, LLE and Q3G induced phosphorylation of AMPK accompanied by a remarkable increase in the brown fat marker UCP1, while pretreatment with Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) reversed these changes. Moreover, stimulating LLE or Q3G-treated cells with CL316243 (a beta3-AR agonist) increased p-AMPKα/AMPKα ratio and UCP1 protein expression, indicating β3-AR/AMPK signaling may involve in this process. Collectively, these observations suggested that LLE, especially the component Q3G, stimulates thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes, which may involve the β3-AR/AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chaoyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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16
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Gallage S, Avila JEB, Ramadori P, Focaccia E, Rahbari M, Ali A, Malek NP, Anstee QM, Heikenwalder M. A researcher's guide to preclinical mouse NASH models. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1632-1649. [PMID: 36539621 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its inflammatory form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), have quickly risen to become the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the Western world and are risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is not only one of the most common cancers but is also highly lethal. Nevertheless, there are currently no clinically approved drugs for NAFLD, and NASH-induced HCC poses a unique metabolic microenvironment that may influence responsiveness to certain treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to better understand the pathogenesis of this rampant disease to devise new therapies. In this line, preclinical mouse models are crucial tools to investigate mechanisms as well as novel treatment modalities during the pathogenesis of NASH and subsequent HCC in preparation for human clinical trials. Although, there are numerous genetically induced, diet-induced and toxin-induced models of NASH, not all of these models faithfully phenocopy and mirror the human pathology very well. In this Perspective, we shed some light onto the most widely used mouse models of NASH and highlight some of the key advantages and disadvantages of the various models with an emphasis on 'Western diets', which are increasingly recognized as some of the best models in recapitulating the human NASH pathology and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchira Gallage
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- The M3 Research Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Jose Efren Barragan Avila
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Ramadori
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enrico Focaccia
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Rahbari
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adnan Ali
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nisar P Malek
- The M3 Research Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- The M3 Research Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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17
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Shree Harini K, Ezhilarasan D, Elumalai P. Restoring the anti-tumor property of PTEN: A promising oral cancer treatment. Oral Oncol 2022; 134:106113. [PMID: 36099799 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India.
| | - Perumal Elumalai
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
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18
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Xu H, Lu X, Wang C, Ning J, Chen M, Wang Y, Yuan K. Potential Roles of PTEN on Longevity in Two Closely Related Argopecten Scallops With Distinct Lifespans. Front Physiol 2022; 13:872562. [PMID: 35903068 PMCID: PMC9317058 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.872562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) has been found to regulate longevity through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway and maintenance of genome integrity in worms, flies, and mammals. However, limited information is available on the roles of PTEN in longevity of aquatic animals. Here we extended this paradigm using two closely related Argopecten scallops, Argopecten purpuratus, and Argopecten irradians, with significantly distinct life spans, which are commercially important bivalve species for fishery and aquaculture in China, United States, Peru, and Chile. The ORFs of the ApPTEN and AiPTEN were 1,476 and 1,473 bp, which encoded 491 and 490 amino acids, respectively. There were 48 synonymous and 16 non-synonymous SNPs and one InDel of three nucleotides between ApPTEN and AiPTEN, resulting in variations in 15 amino acids and lack of S453 in AiPTEN. Differences in conformation and posttranslational modification were predicted between ApPTEN and AiPTEN, which may indicate different activities of ApPTEN and AiPTEN. When the animals were subjected to nutrition restriction, the expression of both ApPTEN and AiPTEN was upregulated, with AiPTEN responded faster and more robust than ApPTEN. Ionizing radiation induced significantly elevated expression of ApPTNE but not AiPTEN in the adductor muscle, and the mortality rate of A. purpuratus was significantly lower than that of A. irradians, indicating that ApPTNE may play a protective role by maintaining the genome integrity. RNAi of ApPTNE significantly downregulated the expression of its downstream regulated genes known to favor longevity, such as FoxO, Mn-SOD, and CAT. These results indicated that PTEN may contribute to the longevity of A. purpuratus through regulation of nutrient availability and genomic stability, probably via PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway. Our study may provide new evidence for understanding of the conservative functions of PTEN in regulation of lifespan in animals and human, and it may also benefit the selection of scallops strains with long lifespan and thus larger size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Xu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Lu,
| | - Chunde Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junhao Ning
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Min Chen
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li X, McPherson M, Hager M, Fang Y, Bartke A, Miller RA. Transient early life growth hormone exposure permanently alters brain, muscle, liver, macrophage, and adipocyte status in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22394. [PMID: 35704312 PMCID: PMC9250136 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200143r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional longevity of Ames dwarf (DF) mice can be abrogated by a brief course of growth hormone (GH) injections started at 2 weeks of age. This transient GH exposure also prevents the increase in cellular stress resistance and decline in hypothalamic inflammation characteristic of DF mice. Here, we show that transient early-life GH treatment leads to permanent alteration of pertinent changes in adipocytes, fat-associated macrophages, liver, muscle, and brain that are seen in DF mice. Ames DF mice, like Snell dwarf and GHRKO mice, show elevation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1 in liver, neurogenesis in brain as indicated by BDNF and DCX proteins, muscle production of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (a precursor of irisin), uncoupling protein 1 as an index of thermogenic capacity in brown and white fat, and increase in fat-associated anti-inflammatory macrophages. In each case, transient exposure to GH early in life reverts the DF mice to the levels of each protein seen in littermate control animals, in animals evaluated at 15-18 months of age. Thus, many of the traits seen in long-lived mutant mice, pertinent to age-related changes in inflammation, neurogenesis, and metabolic control, are permanently set by early-life GH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinna Li
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Madaline McPherson
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the ArtsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Mary Hager
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the ArtsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Yimin Fang
- Department of Internal MedicineSouthern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal MedicineSouthern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIllinoisUSA
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- University of Michigan Geriatrics CenterAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Wittes J, Greenwald I. Genetic analysis of DAF-18/PTEN missense mutants for the ability to maintain quiescence of the somatic gonad and germ line in Caenorhabditis elegans dauer larvae. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 12:jkac093. [PMID: 35451467 PMCID: PMC9157151 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian tumor suppressor PTEN has well-established lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase activities. DAF-18, the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of PTEN, has a high degree of conservation in the catalytic domain, and human PTEN complements a null allele of daf-18, suggesting conserved protein function. Insights gleaned from studies of mammalian PTEN have been applied to studies of DAF-18 in C. elegans, including predicted enzymatic properties of mutants. Here, we characterize DAF-18 missense mutants previously treated as selectively disrupting either protein or lipid phosphatase activity in genetic assays to connect distinct phenotypes to specific enzymatic activities of DAF-18/PTEN. We analyze the ability of these mutants to maintain quiescence of the somatic gonad and germ line in dauer larvae, a state of diapause during which development is suspended. We show that transgenes expressing either the putative lipid phosphatase-deficient or putative protein phosphatase-deficient form fail to complement a daf-18 null allele, and that the corresponding homozygous endogenous missense mutant alleles fail to maintain developmental quiescence. We also show that the endogenous daf-18 missense alleles fail to complement each other, suggesting that one or both of the missense forms are not activity-selective. Furthermore, homozygous daf-18 missense mutants have a more severe phenotype than a daf-18 null mutant, suggesting the presence of functionally compromised mutant DAF-18 is more deleterious than the absence of DAF-18. We discuss how these genetic properties complicate the interpretation of genetic assays to associate specific enzymatic activities with specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wittes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Iva Greenwald
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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21
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Zhang C, Liu N. Noncoding RNAs in the Glycolysis of Ovarian Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855488. [PMID: 35431949 PMCID: PMC9005897 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism reprogramming is the characteristic feature of tumors. The tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of ovarian cancer (OC) is dependent on energy metabolism. Even under adequate oxygen conditions, OC cells tend to convert glucose to lactate, and glycolysis can rapidly produce ATP to meet their metabolic energy needs. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interact directly with DNA, RNA, and proteins to function as an essential regulatory in gene expression and tumor pathology. Studies have shown that ncRNAs regulate the process of glycolysis by interacting with the predominant glycolysis enzyme and cellular signaling pathway, participating in tumorigenesis and progression. This review summarizes the mechanism of ncRNAs regulation in glycolysis in OC and investigates potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Immune Landscape in PTEN-Related Glioma Microenvironment: A Bioinformatic Analysis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040501. [PMID: 35448032 PMCID: PMC9029006 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: PTEN gene mutations are frequently found in the genetic landscape of high-grade gliomas since they influence cell proliferation, proangiogenetic pathways, and antitumoral immune response. The present bioinformatics analysis explores the PTEN gene expression profile in HGGs as a prognostic factor for survival, especially focusing on the related immune microenvironment. The effects of PTEN mutation on the susceptibility to conventional chemotherapy were also investigated. Methods: Clinical and genetic data of GBMs and normal tissue samples were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) online databases, respectively. The genetic differential expressions were analyzed in both groups via the one-way ANOVA test. Kaplan−Meier survival curves were applied to estimate the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer platform was chosen to assess the response of PTEN-mutated GBMs to temozolomide (TMZ). p < 0.05 was fixed as statistically significant. On Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases, the linkage between immune cell recruitment and PTEN status was assessed through Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results: PTEN was found mutated in 22.2% of the 617 TCGA-GBMs patients, with a higher log2-transcriptome per million reads compared to the GTEx group (255 samples). Survival curves revealed a worse OS and DFS, albeit not significant, for the high-PTEN profile GBMs. Spearman’s analysis of immune cells demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the PTEN status and infiltration of Treg (ρ = 0.179) and M2 macrophages (ρ = 0.303). The half-maximal inhibitor concentration of TMZ was proven to be lower for PTEN-mutated GBMs compared with PTEN wild-types. Conclusions: PTEN gene mutations prevail in GBMs and are strongly related to poor prognosis and least survival. The infiltrating immune lymphocytes Treg and M2 macrophages populate the glioma microenvironment and control the mechanisms of tumor progression, immune escape, and sensitivity to standard chemotherapy. Broader studies are required to confirm these findings and turn them into new therapeutic perspectives.
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Peng Y, Li Y, Li H, Yu J. Shikonin attenuates kidney tubular epithelial cells apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4/PTEN pathway in acute kidney injury of sepsis model. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1111-1124. [PMID: 35417044 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds were used in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis. This study investigated the function of shikonin from the roots of Arnebia purpurea in sepsis-induced AKI model. The target genes of shikonin were predicted by traditional Chinese medicine integrative database (TCMID). The markers of kidney injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological changes of kidney tubules were assessed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Apoptosis of kidney tubular epithelial cells (KTECs) was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Protein expression was measured by western blot. Shikonin significantly improved kidney injury induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Besides, shikonin reduced KTECs apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, while augmented SOD and IL-10 levels. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase4 (NOX4) was predicted a target gene of shikonin. The expression of NOX4 was significantly inhibited in shikonin-treated group and the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphate and dual specificity protein phosphate (PTEN) and p-p65 were decreased, while level of p-Akt was elevated. In vitro experiments, shikonin inhibited cell apoptosis, inflammatory, and ROS in human HK-2 cells and rat TECs. Shikonin downregulated expression of NOX4, PTEN and p-p65, and upregulated p-AKT and Bcl-2 expression in HK2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, overexpression of NOX4 enhanced the effect of LPS on the expression level of PTEN, p-p65, p-AKT, and Bcl-2, which was reversed by the addition of shikonin. Taken together, shikonin could improve sepsis-induced AKI in rats, and attenuate the LPS induced KTECs apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction via modulating NOX4/PTEN/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junhua Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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24
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The protective effect of resveratrol on diazinon‐induced oxidative stress and glucose hemostasis disorder in rats' liver. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23063. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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25
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Ziasarabi P, Sahebkar A, Ghasemi F. Evaluation of the Effects of Nanomicellar Curcumin, Berberine, and Their Combination with 5-Fluorouracil on Breast Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1328:21-35. [PMID: 34981469 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is one of the main challenging areas in cancer treatment. Natural compounds such as curcumin and berberine have been approved with anticancer effects and are more favorable to people. Here, we investigated the potential synergistic anticancer effects of these two compounds in combination with the standard cancer drug 5-FU on the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study tested the effects of six different treatments on cancer cell growth: A) control; B) curcumin; C) berberine; D) 5-FU; E) curcumin + berberine; and F) curcumin + berberine + 5-FU. The IC50 concentration of each treatment on cancer cell growth was determined using the MTT assay. Invasiveness of cells grown in 3D culture was analyzed using the transwell chamber technique. Expression levels of genes involved in cancer cell growth and survival (WNT1, APC, AXIN1, CTNNB1, TCF, MTOR, AKT1, MAPK1, PTEN, BIRC5, CCNG1) were evaluated by real-time PCR. RESULTS There was a reduction in cancer cell growth and invasion, and an increase in cellular decomposition across all treatment groups compared to the control with the strongest effects seen in the combined curcumin/berberine/5-FU group. The expression levels of all tested genes were altered in all treatment groups compared to the control, with that of WNT1, CTNNB1, TCF, MTOR, AKT1, BIRC5, and CCND1 showing the most robust changes in the combined curcumin/berberine/5-FU treatment. CONCLUSIONS All treatment groups had anti-growth, anti-invasion, and pro-apoptotic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in culture. In addition, all treatment groups showed changes in the expression of the genes involved in cancer cell growth and survival with the strongest effects found for the curcumin/berberine/5-FU combination. Therefore, curcumin and berberine may improve the anticancer effects of chemotherapy and these natural compounds should undergo further testing as potential adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ziasarabi
- Laboratorio de Psicobiología, Campus Santiago Ramón y Cajal, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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Phan M, Kim C, Mutsaers A, Poirier V, Coomber B. Modulation of mTOR signaling by radiation and rapamycin treatment in canine mast cell cancer cells. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE 2022; 86:3-12. [PMID: 34975216 PMCID: PMC8697317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapamycin has been reported to reduce cancer cell survival in certain tumors following radiation therapy, but the mechanisms driving this phenomenon are unclear. Rapamycin inhibits mTOR signaling, a pathway responsible for several essential cell functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of rapamycin and radiation on the activation and inhibition of mTOR signaling and the relationship between mTOR signaling and DNA damage response in vitro using canine mast cell tumor (MCT) cancer cell lines. Rapamycin rapidly inhibited S6K phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Ionizing radiation (3, 6, or 10 Gy) was able to activate mTOR signalling, but the combination of radiation and rapamycin maintained mTOR inhibition. The comet assay revealed that co-treatment with rapamycin induced modest increases in the severity of DNA damage to MCT cells, but that these differences were not statistically significant. Although the relationship between mTOR and DNA damage response in MCT cancer cell lines remains unclear, our findings suggest the possibility of interaction, leading to enhancement of radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morla Phan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Phan, Mutsaers, Coomber) and Department of Clinical Studies (Kim, Mutsaers, Poirier), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1
| | - Changseok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Phan, Mutsaers, Coomber) and Department of Clinical Studies (Kim, Mutsaers, Poirier), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1
| | - Anthony Mutsaers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Phan, Mutsaers, Coomber) and Department of Clinical Studies (Kim, Mutsaers, Poirier), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1
| | - Valerie Poirier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Phan, Mutsaers, Coomber) and Department of Clinical Studies (Kim, Mutsaers, Poirier), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1
| | - Brenda Coomber
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Phan, Mutsaers, Coomber) and Department of Clinical Studies (Kim, Mutsaers, Poirier), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1
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27
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Queen NJ, Deng H, Huang W, Mo X, Wilkins RK, Zhu T, Wu X, Cao L. Environmental Enrichment Mitigates Age-Related Metabolic Decline and Lewis Lung Carcinoma Growth in Aged Female Mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:1075-1088. [PMID: 34535449 PMCID: PMC8639669 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological process that leads to the progressive decline of metabolic and immune function, among other biological mechanisms. As global life expectancy increases, it is important to understand determinants of healthy aging-including environmental and genetic factors-and thus slow the onset or progression of age-related disease. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a housing environment wherein laboratory animals engage with complex physical and social stimulation. EE is a prime model to understand environmental influences on aging dynamics, as it confers an antiobesity and anticancer phenotype that has been implicated in healthy aging and health span extension. Although EE is frequently used to study malignancies in young mice, fewer studies characterize EE-cancer outcomes in older mice. Here, we used young (3-month-old) and aged (14-month-old) female C57BL/6 mice to determine whether EE would be able to mitigate age-related deficiencies in metabolic function and thus alter Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) growth. Overall, EE improved metabolic function, resulting in reduced fat mass, increased lean mass, and improved glycemic processing; many of these effects were stronger in the aged cohort than in the young cohort, indicating an age-driven effect on metabolic responses. In the aged-EE cohort, subcutaneously implanted LLC tumor growth was inhibited and tumors exhibited alterations in various markers of apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and malignancy. These results validate EE as an anticancer model in aged mice and underscore the importance of understanding environmental influences on cancer malignancy in aged populations. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Environmental enrichment (EE) serves as a model of complex physical and social stimulation. This study validates EE as an anticancer intervention paradigm in aged mice and underscores the importance of understanding environmental influences on cancer malignancy in aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hong Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ryan K Wilkins
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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28
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Offermans K, Jenniskens JC, Simons CC, Samarska I, Fazzi GE, Smits KM, Schouten LJ, Weijenberg MP, Grabsch HI, van den Brandt PA. Expression of proteins associated with the Warburg-effect and survival in colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 8:169-180. [PMID: 34791830 PMCID: PMC8822385 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that the expression of proteins related to the Warburg effect may have prognostic value in colorectal cancer (CRC), but results remain inconsistent. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between Warburg-subtypes and patient survival in a large population-based series of CRC patients. In the present study, we investigated the expression of six proteins related to the Warburg effect (LDHA, GLUT1, MCT4, PKM2, p53, PTEN) by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 2,399 incident CRC patients from the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study. Expression levels of the six proteins were combined into a pathway-based sum-score and patients were categorised into three Warburg-subtypes (low/moderate/high). The associations between Warburg-subtypes and CRC-specific and overall survival were investigated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models. CRC patients were classified as Warburg-low (n = 695, 29.0%), Warburg-moderate (n = 858, 35.8%) or Warburg-high (n = 841, 35.1%). Patients with Warburg-high CRC had the poorest CRC-specific [hazard ratio (HR) 1.17; 95% CI 1.00-1.38] and overall survival (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.05-1.35), independent of known prognostic factors. In stratified analyses, this was particularly true for patients with tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage III CRC (HRCRC-specific 1.45; 95% CI 1.10-1.92 and HRoverall 1.47; 95% CI 1.15-1.87), and cancers located in the rectum (HRoverall 1.56; 95% CI 1.15-2.13). To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify the prognostic value of immunohistochemistry-based Warburg-subtypes in CRC. Our data suggest that Warburg-subtypes are related to potentially important differences in CRC survival. Further research is required to validate our findings and to investigate the potential clinical utility of these Warburg-subtypes in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Offermans
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Josien Ca Jenniskens
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Colinda Cjm Simons
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Iryna Samarska
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gregorio E Fazzi
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim M Smits
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leo J Schouten
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Heike I Grabsch
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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29
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Ukraintseva S, Duan M, Arbeev K, Wu D, Bagley O, Yashkin AP, Gorbunova G, Akushevich I, Kulminski A, Yashin A. Interactions Between Genes From Aging Pathways May Influence Human Lifespan and Improve Animal to Human Translation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692020. [PMID: 34490245 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of aging research is identifying genetic targets that could be used to slow or reverse aging - changes in the body and extend limits of human lifespan. However, majority of genes that showed the anti-aging and pro-survival effects in animal models were not replicated in humans, with few exceptions. Potential reasons for this lack of translation include a highly conditional character of genetic influence on lifespan, and its heterogeneity, meaning that better survival may be result of not only activity of individual genes, but also gene-environment and gene-gene interactions, among other factors. In this paper, we explored associations of genetic interactions with human lifespan. We selected candidate genes from well-known aging pathways (IGF1/FOXO growth signaling, P53/P16 apoptosis/senescence, and mTOR/SK6 autophagy and survival) that jointly decide on outcomes of cell responses to stress and damage, and so could be prone to interactions. We estimated associations of pairwise statistical epistasis between SNPs in these genes with survival to age 85+ in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, and found significant (FDR < 0.05) effects of interactions between SNPs in IGF1R, TGFBR2, and BCL2 on survival 85+. We validated these findings in the Cardiovascular Health Study sample, with P < 0.05, using survival to age 85+, and to the 90th percentile, as outcomes. Our results show that interactions between SNPs in genes from the aging pathways influence survival more significantly than individual SNPs in the same genes, which may contribute to heterogeneity of lifespan, and to lack of animal to human translation in aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ukraintseva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Matt Duan
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Konstantin Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Deqing Wu
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Olivia Bagley
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Arseniy P Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Galina Gorbunova
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Igor Akushevich
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexander Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anatoliy Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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30
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Hu X, Chen Q, Guo H, Li K, Fu B, Chen Y, Zhao H, Wei M, Li Y, Wu H. Identification of Target PTEN-Based miR-425 and miR-576 as Potential Diagnostic and Immunotherapeutic Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer With Liver Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:657984. [PMID: 34490081 PMCID: PMC8418231 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.657984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A major complication of colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most common and fatal types of cancers, is secondary liver metastasis. For patients with this fate, there are very few biomarkers available in clinical application, and the disease remains incurable. Recently, increasing studies demonstrated that tumorigenesis and development are closely related to immune escape, indicating that the roles of immune-related indicators might have been neglected in the past in colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). Here, we unveil that elevated miR-425 and miR-576 promote CRLM through inhibiting PTEN-mediated cellular immune function. Specifically, miR-425 and miR-576 were identified for their significant upregulation in CRLM compared with the primary CRC tissues based on GSE81581 (n = 8) and GSE44121 (n = 18) datasets. Besides, we determined that the two microRNAs (miRNAs) coparticipated in restraining P53 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways associated with tumor metastasis, and both shortened the overall survival of the patients with metastatic susceptibility. Notably, in situ hybridization on relatively large samples of paired CRC tissues (n = 157) not only substantiated that the expression of miR-425 and miR-576 was dramatically upregulated in CRLM but also revealed that they were closely related to tumor deterioration, especially liver metastases. Moreover, we further confirmed that the combination of miR-425 and miR-576 was an effective predictive model for liver metastases and poor clinical outcomes. Mechanically, downregulated PTEN (GSE81558, n = 6) was verified to be a shared target of miR-425 and miR-576 acting as metastasis-related oncogenes, on account of the presence of binding sites (+2928-+2934 and +4371-+4378, respectively) and the collaborative suppression of P53/TGF-β signaling in CRLM, which was further confirmed in CRC cells (HCT116 and SW480) based on systematic molecular biology experiments. Importantly, the target PTEN was strongly associated with microsatellite instability, tumor microenvironment, and immune cell infiltration. Thus, we speculate that miR-425 and miR-576 are novel biomarkers for CRLM prevention and immunotherapy and upstream inhibitors of the PTEN-P53/TGF-β function axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiuchen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Boshi Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Haishan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Yalun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gene Detection, Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China
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31
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Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Fondevila MF, Fernandez U, Rodríguez A, Varela-Rey M, Veyrat-Durebex C, Seoane S, Bernardo G, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Fernández-Ramos D, Bilbao J, Iglesias C, Novoa E, Ameneiro C, Senra A, Beiroa D, Cuñarro J, Dp Chantada-Vazquez M, Garcia-Vence M, Bravo SB, Da Silva Lima N, Porteiro B, Carneiro C, Vidal A, Tovar S, Müller TD, Ferno J, Guallar D, Fidalgo M, Sabio G, Herzig S, Yang WH, Cho JW, Martinez-Chantar ML, Perez-Fernandez R, López M, Dieguez C, Mato JM, Millet O, Coppari R, Woodhoo A, Fruhbeck G, Nogueiras R. O-GlcNAcylated p53 in the liver modulates hepatic glucose production. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5068. [PMID: 34417460 PMCID: PMC8379189 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 regulates several signaling pathways to maintain the metabolic homeostasis of cells and modulates the cellular response to stress. Deficiency or excess of nutrients causes cellular metabolic stress, and we hypothesized that p53 could be linked to glucose maintenance. We show here that upon starvation hepatic p53 is stabilized by O-GlcNAcylation and plays an essential role in the physiological regulation of glucose homeostasis. More specifically, p53 binds to PCK1 promoter and regulates its transcriptional activation, thereby controlling hepatic glucose production. Mice lacking p53 in the liver show a reduced gluconeogenic response during calorie restriction. Glucagon, adrenaline and glucocorticoids augment protein levels of p53, and administration of these hormones to p53 deficient human hepatocytes and to liver-specific p53 deficient mice fails to increase glucose levels. Moreover, insulin decreases p53 levels, and over-expression of p53 impairs insulin sensitivity. Finally, protein levels of p53, as well as genes responsible of O-GlcNAcylation are elevated in the liver of type 2 diabetic patients and positively correlate with glucose and HOMA-IR. Overall these results indicate that the O-GlcNAcylation of p53 plays an unsuspected key role regulating in vivo glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Gonzalez-Rellan
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Uxia Fernandez
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christelle Veyrat-Durebex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Seoane
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ganeko Bernardo
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
- ATLAS Molecular Pharma S. L., Derio, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Jon Bilbao
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Novoa
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Ameneiro
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Senra
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Cuñarro
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Dp Chantada-Vazquez
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Coruña, Spain
| | - Maria Garcia-Vence
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Coruña, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Coruña, Spain
| | - Natalia Da Silva Lima
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Begoña Porteiro
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Carneiro
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anxo Vidal
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sulay Tovar
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC) at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Oberschleissheim, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johan Ferno
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Diana Guallar
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC) and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Won Ho Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Maria Luz Martinez-Chantar
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Roman Perez-Fernandez
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose M Mato
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- ATLAS Molecular Pharma S. L., Derio, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | | | - Ashwin Woodhoo
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- CIMUS, University of Santigo de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Nerve Disorder Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- Galician Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gema Fruhbeck
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.
- Galician Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Consumption of Airway Metabolites Promotes Lung Infection. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080957. [PMID: 34451421 PMCID: PMC8401524 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevailing dogma indicates that the lung of cystic fibrosis (CF) individuals is infected by multiple pathogens due to the abundant accumulation of mucus, which traps most of inhaled organisms. However, this hypothesis does not explain how specific opportunists, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are selected in the CF lung to cause chronic disease. This strongly suggests that other factors than mucus are accrued in the human airway and might predispose to bacterial disease, especially by P. aeruginosa. In this review we discuss the role of macrophage metabolites, like succinate and itaconate, in P. aeruginosa pneumonia. We analyze how dysfunction of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) favors release of these metabolites into the infected airway, and how P. aeruginosa exploits these elements to induce transcriptomic and metabolic changes that increase its capacity to cause intractable disease. We describe the host and pathogen pathways associated with succinate and itaconate catabolism, mechanisms of bacterial adaptation to these determinants, and suggest how both experimental settings and future therapies should consider macrophage metabolites abundance to better study P. aeruginosa pathogenesis.
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Morsiani C, Terlecki‐Zaniewicz L, Skalicky S, Bacalini MG, Collura S, Conte M, Sevini F, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Hackl M, Grillari J, Franceschi C, Capri M. Circulating miR-19a-3p and miR-19b-3p characterize the human aging process and their isomiRs associate with healthy status at extreme ages. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13409. [PMID: 34160893 PMCID: PMC8282272 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood circulating microRNAs (c-miRs) are potential biomarkers to trace aging and longevity trajectories to identify molecular targets for anti-aging therapies. Based on a cross-sectional study, a discovery phase was performed on 12 donors divided into four groups: young, old, healthy, and unhealthy centenarians. The identification of healthy and unhealthy phenotype was based on cognitive performance and capabilities to perform daily activities. Small RNA sequencing identified 79 differentially expressed c-miRs when comparing young, old, healthy centenarians, and unhealthy centenarians. Two miRs, that is, miR-19a-3p and miR-19b-3p, were found increased at old age but decreased at extreme age, as confirmed by RT-qPCR in 49 donors of validation phase. The significant decrease of those miR levels in healthy compared to unhealthy centenarians appears to be due to the presence of isomiRs, not detectable with RT-qPCR, but only with a high-resolution technique such as deep sequencing. Bioinformatically, three main common targets of miR-19a/b-3p were identified, that is, SMAD4, PTEN, and BCL2L11, converging into the FoxO signaling pathway, known to have a significant role in aging mechanisms. For the first time, this study shows the age-related increase of plasma miR-19a/b-3p in old subjects but a decrease in centenarians. This decrease is more pronounced in healthy centenarians and was confirmed by the modified pattern of isomiRs comparing healthy and unhealthy centenarians. Thus, our study paves the way for functional studies using c-miRs and isomiRs as additional parameter to track the onset of aging and age-related diseases using new potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morsiani
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Lucia Terlecki‐Zaniewicz
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging Vienna Austria
- Department of Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Biotechnology BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | | | | | - Salvatore Collura
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)" University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Federica Sevini
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA) S. Orsola‐Malpighi Polyclinic Bologna Italy
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza" – Unit of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Clinical Chemistry Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)" University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging Vienna Austria
- Department of Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Biotechnology BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology Vienna Austria
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging and Department of Applied Mathematics Lobachevsky University Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Miriam Capri
- DIMES‐Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)" University of Bologna Bologna Italy
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Cui Z, Jiamei Y, Yushu Y, Xia F, Haiyan Y, Zhang D, Qiong C, Guangwei Z. Effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Pinggan-Qianyang decoction on SIRT1-PTEN signaling in vascular aging in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:1087-1098. [PMID: 34188208 PMCID: PMC8418988 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Age-related functional decline is a physiological phenomenon that occurs in all organ systems. However, the acceleration and early occurrence of this process are observed in cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension. This study aimed to investigate SIRT1-PTEN signaling in aortic tissue from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and changes in SIRT1 and PTEN expression following treatment with Pinggan-Qianyang decoction (PGQYD) and explore the mechanism involved in the treatment of hypertensive vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we used two rat models: spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) at 14 and 64 weeks of age and WKY rats at 64 weeks of age. The degree of irritability and rotation tolerance time were evaluated to determine the effects of PGQYD on animal behavior. The morphology of the thoracic aorta was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining and electron microscopy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and anti-superoxide anion content were detected. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining was used to observe the thoracic aorta during vascular aging. RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis were performed to detect changes in the mRNA and protein expression of p53, p21, SIRT1, and PTEN in rat aortic tissues. Behavioral tests and histological and morphological analyses showed the remarkable amelioration of vascular aging after PGQYD treatment compared with that in the older SHRs. Moreover, PGQYD significantly decreased vascular aging in SHRs, as indicated by reduced SA-β-Gal staining, NADPH oxidase activity, and p53 and p21 expression, and increased anti-superoxide anion and SOD content. Furthermore, PGQYD increased SIRT1 and PTEN expression, but the downregulated expression of SIRT1 induced by a SIRT1 inhibitor abolished the PGQYD-induced antiaging effects on gene expression and antioxidant activity and enhanced PTEN expression. PGQYD could ameliorate vascular aging effects in SHRs, which may have been mediated via the regulation of SIRT1-PTEN signaling in aortic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Cui
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yao Jiamei
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yushu
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Fang Xia
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yang Haiyan
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qiong
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Guangwei
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
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35
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Yi T, Song Y, Zuo L, Wang S, Miao J. LINC00470 Stimulates Methylation of PTEN to Facilitate the Progression of Endometrial Cancer by Recruiting DNMT3a Through MYC. Front Oncol 2021; 11:646217. [PMID: 34249684 PMCID: PMC8267821 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.646217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing researches emphasize the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of endometrial cancer (EC). There is wide recognition that LINC00470 is a critical participant in the tumorigenesis of cancers such as gastric cancer and glioblastoma, but its possible effects on EC progression remain to be explored. METHODS We collected EC tissues and cells, where the expression of LINC00470 was determined, and followed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis of EC patient survival. We next examined the effect of LINC00470 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) on EC cell migration, invasion, tube formation in vitro, and angiogenesis in mice xenografted with tumor after gain- or loss-of-function treatments. RNA pull-down, Co-IP, and ChIP experiments were performed to analyze the targeting relationships among LINC00470, MYC and DNMT3a. RESULTS LINC00470 was aberrantly upregulated in EC and its high expression correlated to prognosis of EC patients. LINC00470 promoted invasiveness, migration, and angiogenesis of EC cells, and facilitated tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo, but those effects were reversed by up-regulating PTEN. Functionally, LINC00470 bound to MYC in EC and that LINC00470 stimulated the binding of MYC to DNMT3a, and thus recruited DNMT3a through MYC to promote PTEN methylation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that LINC00470 stimulated PTEN methylation to inhibit its expression by MYC-induced recruitment of DNMT3a, thus aggravating EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiezhong Yi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yicun Song
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingling Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Siyun Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jintian Miao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zhu L, Chen R, Jiang C, Xie Q, Zhao W, Gao X, Huang H. Mechanism underlying long non‑coding RNA ILF3‑AS1‑mediated inhibition of cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and promotion of apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:554. [PMID: 34080029 PMCID: PMC8188751 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA ILF3 divergent transcript (ILF3-AS1) displays a tumor-suppressing effect. StarBase predicted that the potential target microRNA (miR) of ILF3-AS1 was miR-454-3p; therefore, the present study investigated the effect of ILF3-AS1 and its target miR-454-3p on cervical cancer (CC). Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis was used to predict the expression of ILF3-AS1 in CC and the overall survival rate of patients. The present study demonstrated that ILF3-AS1 expression was significantly downregulated in human CC tissues and cells compared with adjacent tissues (ANTs) and normal cervical epithelial cells (NCEs), respectively. Patients with CC with high ILF3-AS1 expression displayed higher survival rates compared with patients with low ILF3-AS1 expression. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected by performing Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Compared with the negative control (NC) group, ILF3-AS1 overexpression significantly inhibited CC cell viability and migration, but significantly increased CC cell apoptosis. Moreover, ILF3-AS1 overexpression significantly upregulated E-Cadherin expression levels, but significantly downregulated N-Cadherin and snail family transcriptional repressor 1 expression levels compared with the NC group. miR-454-3p expression was negatively correlated with ILF3-AS1, and highly expressed in CC tissues and cells compared with ANTs and NCEs, respectively. PTEN, which was predicted and verified as the target gene for miR-454-3p, was significantly downregulated in CC tissues and cells compared with ANTs and NCEs, respectively. ILF3-AS1 expression was positively correlated with PTEN expression, and ILF3-AS1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-454-3p on PTEN expression. In conclusion, the present study indicated that ILF3-AS1 inhibited CC cell proliferation and migration, and promoted CC cell apoptosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and ILF3-AS1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-454-3p on PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linmei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511495, P.R. China
| | - Ruixia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511495, P.R. China
| | - Qingsheng Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wenshuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511495, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Álvarez-Artime A, García-Soler B, Sainz RM, Mayo JC. Emerging Roles for Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Prostate Cancer Malignant Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5560. [PMID: 34074045 PMCID: PMC8197327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-known role as an energy repository, adipose tissue is one of the largest endocrine organs in the organism due to its ability to synthesize and release different bioactive molecules. Two main types of adipose tissue have been described, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) with a classical energy storage function, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) with thermogenic activity. The prostate, an exocrine gland present in the reproductive system of most mammals, is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) that contributes to maintaining glandular homeostasis in conjunction with other cell types of the microenvironment. In pathological conditions such as the development and progression of prostate cancer, adipose tissue plays a key role through paracrine and endocrine signaling. In this context, the role of WAT has been thoroughly studied. However, the influence of BAT on prostate tumor development and progression is unclear and has received much less attention. This review tries to bring an update on the role of different factors released by WAT which may participate in the initiation, progression and metastasis, as well as to compile the available information on BAT to discuss and open a new field of knowledge about the possible protective role of BAT in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Álvarez-Artime
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Belén García-Soler
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosa María Sainz
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Mayo
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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38
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Liu T, Lv YF, Zhao JL, You QD, Jiang ZY. Regulation of Nrf2 by phosphorylation: Consequences for biological function and therapeutic implications. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:129-141. [PMID: 33794311 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) participates in the activation of the antioxidant cytoprotective pathway and other important physiological processes to maintain cellular homeostasis. The dysregulation of NRF2 activity plays a role in various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Thus, NRF2 activity is tightly regulated through multiple mechanisms, among which phosphorylation by kinases is critical in the posttranslational regulation of NRF2. For instance, PKC, casein kinase 2, and AMP-activated kinase positively, while GSK-3 negatively regulates NRF2 activity through phosphorylation of different sites. Here, we provide an overview of the phosphorylation regulation pattern of NRF2 and discuss the therapeutic potential of interventions targeting NRF2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, And Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi-Fei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, And Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing-Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, And Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, And Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zheng-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, And Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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39
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Akkol EK, Dereli FTG, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Khan H. Roles of Medicinal Plants and Constituents in Gynecological Cancer Therapy: Current Literature and Future Directions. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1772-1790. [PMID: 32297581 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200416084440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers, including cervical, primary peritoneal, ovarian, uterine/endometrial, vaginal and vulvar cancers and gestational trophoblastic disease, are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation in female reproductive cells. Due to the variable pathology of these cancers and the lack of appropriate screening tests in developing countries, cancer diagnosis can be reported in advanced stages in most women and this situation adversely affects prognosis and clinical outcomes of illness. For this reason, many researchers in the field of gynecological oncology have carried out many studies. The treatment of various gynecological problems, which cause physical, biological and psychosocial conditions such as fear, shame, blame and anger, has been important throughout the history. Treatment with herbs has become popular nowadays due to the serious side effects of the synthetic drugs used in treatment and the medical and economical problems caused by them. Many scientists have identified various active drug substances through in vivo and in vitro biological activity studies on medicinal plants from the past to the present. While the intrinsic complexity of natural product-based drug discoveries requires highly integrated interdisciplinary approaches, scientific and technological advances and research trends clearly show that natural products will be among the most important new drug sources in the future. In this review, an overview of the studies conducted for the discovery of multitargeted drug molecules in the rational treatment of gynecological cancers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, 8330507 Santiago, Spain
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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40
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Lee EJ, Neppl RL. Influence of Age on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy Signaling: Established Paradigms and Unexpected Links. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050688. [PMID: 34063658 PMCID: PMC8147613 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy in an inevitable occurrence with advancing age, and a consequence of disease including cancer. Muscle atrophy in the elderly is managed by a regimen of resistance exercise and increased protein intake. Understanding the signaling that regulates muscle mass may identify potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and reversal of muscle atrophy in metabolic and neuromuscular diseases. This review covers the major anabolic and catabolic pathways that regulate skeletal muscle mass, with a focus on recent progress and potential new players.
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41
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Cortes‐Selva D, Fairfax K. Schistosome and intestinal helminth modulation of macrophage immunometabolism. Immunology 2021; 162:123-134. [PMID: 32614982 PMCID: PMC7808165 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are fundamental to sustain physiological equilibrium and to regulate the pathogenesis of parasitic and metabolic processes. The functional heterogeneity and immune responses of macrophages are shaped by cellular metabolism in response to the host's intrinsic factors, environmental cues and other stimuli during disease. Parasite infections induce a complex cascade of cytokines and metabolites that profoundly remodel the metabolic status of macrophages. In particular, helminths polarize macrophages to an M2 state and induce a metabolic shift towards reliance on oxidative phosphorylation, lipid oxidation and amino acid metabolism. Accumulating data indicate that helminth-induced activation and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages underlie improvement in overall whole-body metabolism, denoted by improved insulin sensitivity, body mass in response to high-fat diet and atherogenic index in mammals. This review aims to highlight the metabolic changes that occur in human and murine-derived macrophages in response to helminth infections and helminth products, with particular interest in schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cortes‐Selva
- Division of Microbiology and ImmunologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA
- Janssen BiotherapeuticsJanssen R&DSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Keke Fairfax
- Division of Microbiology and ImmunologyDepartment of PathologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA
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42
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LncRNA HOTAIR regulates glucose transporter Glut1 expression and glucose uptake in macrophages during inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:232. [PMID: 33420270 PMCID: PMC7794310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays central roles in the immune response. Inflammatory response normally requires higher energy and therefore is associated with glucose metabolism. Our recent study demonstrates that lncRNA HOTAIR plays key roles in NF-kB activation, cytokine expression, and inflammation. Here, we investigated if HOTAIR plays any role in the regulation of glucose metabolism in immune cells during inflammation. Our results demonstrate that LPS-induced inflammation induces the expression of glucose transporter isoform 1 (Glut1) which controls the glucose uptake in macrophages. LPS-induced Glut1 expression is regulated via NF-kB activation. Importantly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HOTAIR suppressed the LPS-induced expression of Glut1 suggesting key roles of HOTAIR in LPS-induced Glut1 expression in macrophage. HOTAIR induces NF-kB activation, which in turn increases Glut1 expression in response to LPS. We also found that HOTAIR regulates glucose uptake in macrophages during LPS-induced inflammation and its knockdown decreases LPS-induced increased glucose uptake. HOTAIR also regulates other upstream regulators of glucose metabolism such as PTEN and HIF1α, suggesting its multimodal functions in glucose metabolism. Overall, our study demonstrated that lncRNA HOTAIR plays key roles in LPS-induced Glut1 expression and glucose uptake by activating NF-kB and hence HOTAIR regulates metabolic programming in immune cells potentially to meet the energy needs during the immune response.
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43
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Castillo SP, Keymer JE, Marquet PA. Do microenvironmental changes disrupt multicellular organisation with ageing, enacting and favouring the cancer cell phenotype? Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000126. [PMID: 33184914 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a singular cellular state, the emergence of which destabilises the homeostasis reached through the evolution to multicellularity. We present the idea that the onset of the cellular disobedience to the metazoan functional and structural architecture, known as the cancer phenotype, is triggered by changes in the cell's external environment that occur with ageing: what ensues is a breach of the social contract of multicellular life characteristic of metazoans. By integrating old ideas with new evidence, we propose that with ageing the environmental information that maintains a multicellular organisation is eroded, rewiring internal processes of the cell, and resulting in an internal shift towards an ancestral condition resulting in the pseudo-multicellular cancer phenotype. Once that phenotype emerges, a new local social contract is built, different from the homeostatic one, leading to tumour formation and the foundation of a novel local ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Castillo
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad de Chile (IEB) Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan E Keymer
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Tecnología, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique, Chile
| | - Pablo A Marquet
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad de Chile (IEB) Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV), Valparaíso, Chile.,Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
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44
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Liu B, Gao TT, Fu XY, Xu ZH, Ren H, Zhao P, Qi ZT, Qin ZL. PTEN Lipid Phosphatase Activity Enhances Dengue Virus Production through Akt/FoxO1/Maf1 Signaling. Virol Sin 2020; 36:412-423. [PMID: 33044659 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is an arthropod-borne viral pathogen and a global health burden. Knowledge of the DENV-host interactions that mediate virus pathogenicity remains limited. Host lipid metabolism is hijacked by DENV for virus replication in which lipid droplets (LDs) play a key role during the virus lifecycle. In this study, we reveal a novel role for phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in LDs-mediated DENV infection. We demonstrate that PTEN expression is downregulated upon DENV infection through post-transcriptional regulation and, in turn, PTEN overexpression enhances DENV replication. PTEN lipid phosphatase activity was found to decrease cellular LDs area and number through Akt/FoxO1/Maf1 signaling, which, together with autophagy, enhanced DENV replication and virus production. We therefore provide mechanistic insight into the interaction between lipid metabolism and the DENV replication cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Air Force Hospital from Northern Theater of PLA, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Fu
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhen-Hao Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Qi
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhao-Ling Qin
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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45
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Exosomal Long Non-coding RNAs: Emerging Players in the Tumor Microenvironment. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 23:1371-1383. [PMID: 33738133 PMCID: PMC7940039 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in exosome biology have uncovered a significant role of exosomes in cancer and make them a determining factor in intercellular communication. Exosomes are types of extracellular vesicles that are involved in the communication between cells by exchanging various signaling molecules between the surrounding cells. Among various signaling molecules, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA having a size of more than 200 nt in length and lacking protein-coding potential, have emerged as crucial regulators of intercellular communication. Tumor-derived exosomes containing various lncRNAs, known as exosomal lncRNAs, reprogram the microenvironment by regulating numerous cellular functions, including the regulation of gene transcription that favors cancer growth and progression, thus significantly determining the biological effects of exosomes. In addition, deregulated expression of lncRNAs is found in various human cancers and serves as a diagnostic biomarker to predict cancer type. The present review discusses the role of exosomal lncRNAs in the crosstalk between tumor cells and the surrounding cells of the microenvironment. Furthermore, we also discuss the involvement of exosomal lncRNAs within the tumor microenvironment in favoring tumor growth, metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, and tumor-supportive autophagy. Therefore, lncRNAs can be used as a therapeutic target in the treatment of various human cancers.
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46
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Hao B, Shi A, Li X, Li J, Liu Z, Yuan H. miR-4516 inhibits the apoptosis of RB tumor cells by targeting the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2020; 200:108224. [PMID: 32919989 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Anjie Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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47
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Riquelme SA, Lozano C, Moustafa AM, Liimatta K, Tomlinson KL, Britto C, Khanal S, Gill SK, Narechania A, Azcona-Gutiérrez JM, DiMango E, Saénz Y, Planet P, Prince A. CFTR-PTEN-dependent mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/499/eaav4634. [PMID: 31270271 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav4634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor best known for regulating cell proliferation and metabolism. PTEN forms a complex with the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) at the plasma membrane, and this complex is known to be functionally impaired in CF. Here, we demonstrated that the combined effect of PTEN and CFTR dysfunction stimulates mitochondrial activity, resulting in excessive release of succinate and reactive oxygen species. This environment promoted the colonization of the airway by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacteria that preferentially metabolize succinate, and stimulated an anti-inflammatory host response dominated by immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) and itaconate. The recruitment of myeloid cells induced by these strains was inefficient in clearing the infection and increased numbers of phagocytes accumulated under CFTR-PTEN axis dysfunction. This central metabolic defect in mitochondrial function due to impaired PTEN activity contributes to P. aeruginosa infection in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Lozano
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR), Microbiología Molecular, Logroño, LG 26006, Spain
| | - Ahmed M Moustafa
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kalle Liimatta
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kira L Tomlinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Clemente Britto
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sara Khanal
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Simren K Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Jose M Azcona-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Biomédico. Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital San Pedro, Logroño, LG 26006, Spain
| | - Emily DiMango
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yolanda Saénz
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR), Microbiología Molecular, Logroño, LG 26006, Spain
| | - Paul Planet
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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48
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Aquila S, Santoro M, Caputo A, Panno ML, Pezzi V, De Amicis F. The Tumor Suppressor PTEN as Molecular Switch Node Regulating Cell Metabolism and Autophagy: Implications in Immune System and Tumor Microenvironment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071725. [PMID: 32708484 PMCID: PMC7408239 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies conducted over the past 10 years evidence the intriguing role of the tumor suppressor gene Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog deleted on Chromosome 10 PTEN in the regulation of cellular energy expenditure, together with its capability to modulate proliferation and survival, thus expanding our knowledge of its physiological functions. Transgenic PTEN mice models are resistant to oncogenic transformation, present decreased adiposity and reduced cellular glucose and glutamine uptake, together with increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. These acquisitions led to a novel understanding regarding the role of PTEN to counteract cancer cell metabolic reprogramming. Particularly, PTEN drives an “anti-Warburg state” in which less glucose is taken up, but it is more efficiently directed to the mitochondrial Krebs cycle. The maintenance of cellular homeostasis together with reduction of metabolic stress are controlled by specific pathways among which autophagy, a catabolic process strictly governed by mTOR and PTEN. Besides, a role of PTEN in metabolic reprogramming and tumor/stroma interactions in cancer models, has recently been established. The genetic inactivation of PTEN in stromal fibroblasts of mouse mammary glands, accelerates breast cancer initiation and progression. This review will discuss our novel understanding in the molecular connection between cell metabolism and autophagy by PTEN, highlighting novel implications regarding tumor/stroma/immune system interplay. The newly discovered action of PTEN opens innovative avenues for investigations relevant to counteract cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveria Aquila
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.A.); (M.S.); (M.L.P.); (V.P.)
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Marta Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.A.); (M.S.); (M.L.P.); (V.P.)
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Annalisa Caputo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.A.); (M.S.); (M.L.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.A.); (M.S.); (M.L.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.A.); (M.S.); (M.L.P.); (V.P.)
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Correspondence:
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49
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Shen T, Li H, Song Y, Li L, Lin J, Wei G, Ni T. Alternative polyadenylation dependent function of splicing factor SRSF3 contributes to cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1356-1388. [PMID: 30835716 PMCID: PMC6428108 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Down-regulated splicing factor SRSF3 is known to promote cellular senescence, an important biological process in preventing cancer and contributing to individual aging, via its alternative splicing dependent function in human cells. Here we discovered alternative polyadenylation (APA) dependent function of SRSF3 as a novel mechanism explaining SRSF3 downregulation induced cellular senescence. Knockdown of SRSF3 resulted in preference usage of proximal poly(A) sites and thus global shortening of 3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) of mRNAs. SRSF3-depletion also induced senescence-related phenotypes in both human and mouse cells. These 3′ UTR shortened genes were enriched in senescence-associated pathways. Shortened 3′ UTRs tended to produce more proteins than the longer ones. Simulating the effects of 3′ UTR shortening by overexpression of three candidate genes (PTEN, PIAS1 and DNMT3A) all led to senescence-associated phenotypes. Mechanistically, SRSF3 has higher binding density near proximal poly(A) site than distal one in 3′ UTR shortened genes. Further, upregulation of PTEN by either ectopic overexpression or SRSF3-knockdown induction both led to reduced phosphorylation of AKT and ultimately senescence-associated phenotypes. We revealed for the first time that reduced SRSF3 expression could promote cellular senescence through its APA-dependent function, largely extending our mechanistic understanding in splicing factor regulated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yifang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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50
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Coleman MF, Cozzo AJ, Pfeil AJ, Etigunta SK, Hursting SD. Cell Intrinsic and Systemic Metabolism in Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040852. [PMID: 32244756 PMCID: PMC7225951 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has shown extraordinary promise at treating cancers otherwise resistant to treatment. However, for ICI therapy to be effective, it must overcome the metabolic limitations of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor metabolism has long been understood to be highly dysregulated, with potent immunosuppressive effects. Moreover, T cell activation and longevity within the tumor microenvironment are intimately tied to T cell metabolism and are required for the long-term efficacy of ICI therapy. We discuss in this review the intersection of metabolic competition in the tumor microenvironment, T cell activation and metabolism, the roles of tumor cell metabolism in immune evasion, and the impact of host metabolism in determining immune surveillance and ICI therapy outcomes. We also discussed the effects of obesity and calorie restriction—two important systemic metabolic perturbations that impact intrinsic metabolic pathways in T cells as well as cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Alyssa J. Cozzo
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Alexander J. Pfeil
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Suhas K. Etigunta
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
- Correspondence:
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