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Mahmoudi A, Jalili A, Butler AE, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Exploration of the Key Genes Involved in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Possible MicroRNA Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101365. [PMID: 38433957 PMCID: PMC10904918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising therapeutic agents for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to identify key genes/proteins involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and progression and to evaluate miRNAs influencing their expression. Methods Gene expression profiles from datasets GSE151158, GSE163211, GSE135251, GSE167523, GSE46300, and online databases were analyzed to identify significant NAFLD-related genes. Then, protein-protein interaction networks and module analysis identified hub genes/proteins, which were validated using real-time PCR in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells. Functional enrichment analysis evaluated signaling pathways and biological processes. Gene-miRNA interaction networks identified miRNAs targeting critical NAFLD genes. Results The most critical overexpressed hub genes/proteins included: TNF, VEGFA, TLR4, CYP2E1, ACE, SCD, FASN, SREBF2, and TGFB1 based on PPI network analysis, of which TNF, TLR4, SCD, FASN, SREBF2, and TGFB1 were up-regulated in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells. Functional enrichment analysis for biological processes highlighted programmed necrotic cell death, lipid metabolic process response to reactive oxygen species, and inflammation. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, the highest adjusted P-value signaling pathways encompassed AGE-RAGE in diabetic complications, TNF, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. In gene-miRNA network analysis, miR-16 and miR-124 were highlighted as the miRNAs exerting the most influence on important NAFLD-related genes. Conclusion In silico analyses identified NAFLD therapeutic targets and miRNA candidates to guide further experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amin Jalili
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Seyed H. Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Geng F, Zhong L, Yang T, Chen J, Yang P, Jiang F, Yan T, Song B, Yu Z, Yu D, Zhang J, Cao J, Zhang S. A Frog Skin-Derived Peptide Targeting SCD1 Exerts Radioprotective Effects Against Skin Injury by Inhibiting STING-Mediated Inflammation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306253. [PMID: 38582510 PMCID: PMC11220654 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The extensive application of nuclear technology has increased the potential of uncontrolled radiation exposure to the public. Since skin is the largest organ, radiation-induced skin injury remains a serious medical concern. Organisms evolutionally develop distinct strategies to protect against environment insults and the related research may bring novel insights into therapeutics development. Here, 26 increased peptides are identified in skin tissues of frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) exposed to electron beams, among which four promoted the wound healing of irradiated skin in rats. Specifically, radiation-induced frog skin peptide-2 (RIFSP-2), from histone proteolysis exerted membrane permeability property, maintained cellular homeostasis, and reduced pyroptosis of irradiated cells with decreased TBK1 phosphorylation. Subsequently, stearyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is identified, a critical enzyme in biogenesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) as a direct target of RIFSP-2 based on streptavidin-biotin system. The lipidomic analysis further assured the restrain of MUFAs biogenesis by RIFSP-2 following radiation. Moreover, the decreased MUFA limited radiation-induced and STING-mediated inflammation response. In addition, genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of STING counteracted the decreased pyroptosis by RIFSP-2 and retarded tissue repair process. Altogether, RIFSP-2 restrains radiation-induced activation of SCD1-MUFA-STING axis. Thus, the stress-induced amphibian peptides can be a bountiful source of novel radiation mitigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghao Geng
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Radiation Medicine Department of Institute of Preventive MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Li Zhong
- School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionState Key Laboratory of Radiation MedicineSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Tingyi Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ping Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Fengdi Jiang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Tao Yan
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Bin Song
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zuxiang Yu
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChina National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengdu610051China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Radiation Medicine Department of Institute of Preventive MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionState Key Laboratory of Radiation MedicineSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChina National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengdu610051China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital)Mianyang621099China
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3
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Du J, Qin H. Lipid metabolism dynamics in cancer stem cells: potential targets for cancers. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1367981. [PMID: 38994204 PMCID: PMC11236562 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1367981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small subset of heterogeneous cells within tumors that possess the ability to self-renew and initiate tumorigenesis. They serve as potential drivers for tumor initiation, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance. Recent research has demonstrated that the stemness preservation of CSCs is heavily reliant on their unique lipid metabolism alterations, enabling them to maintain their own environmental homeostasis through various mechanisms. The primary objectives involve augmenting intracellular fatty acid (FA) content to bolster energy supply, promoting β-oxidation of FA to optimize energy utilization, and elevating the mevalonate (MVA) pathway for efficient cholesterol synthesis. Additionally, lipid droplets (LDs) can serve as alternative energy sources in the presence of glycolysis blockade in CSCs, thereby safeguarding FA from peroxidation. Furthermore, the interplay between autophagy and lipid metabolism facilitates rapid adaptation of CSCs to the harsh microenvironment induced by chemotherapy. In this review, we comprehensively review recent studies pertaining to lipid metabolism in CSCs and provide a concise overview of the indispensable role played by LDs, FA, cholesterol metabolism, and autophagy in maintaining the stemness of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, China
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4
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang K, Li Q, Yan S, Shi H, Liu L, Liang S, Yang M, Su Z, Ge C, Jia J, Xu Z, Dou T. RNA-Seq Reveals Pathways Responsible for Meat Quality Characteristic Differences between Two Yunnan Indigenous Chicken Breeds and Commercial Broilers. Foods 2024; 13:2008. [PMID: 38998514 PMCID: PMC11241438 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Poultry is a source of meat that is in great demand in the world. The quality of meat is an imperative point for shoppers. To explore the genes controlling meat quality characteristics, the growth and meat quality traits and muscle transcriptome of two indigenous Yunnan chicken breeds, Wuding chickens (WDs) and Daweishan mini chickens (MCs), were compared with Cobb broilers (CBs). The growth and meat quality characteristics of these two indigenous breeds were found to differ from CB. In particular, the crude fat (CF), inosine monophosphate content, amino acid (AA), and total fatty acid (TFA) content of WDs were significantly higher than those of CBs and MCs. In addition, it was found that MC pectoralis had 420 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) relative to CBs, and WDs had 217 DEGs relative to CBs. Among them, 105 DEGs were shared. The results of 10 selected genes were also confirmed by qPCR. The differentially expressed genes were six enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biological pathways including lysosomes, phagosomes, PPAR signaling pathways, cell adhesion molecules, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and phagosome sphingolipid metabolism. Interestingly, four genes (LPL, GK, SCD, and FABP7) in the PPAR signal pathway related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism were elevated in WD muscles, which may account for higher CF, inosine monophosphate content, and AA and FA contents, key factors affecting meat quality. This work laid the foundation for improving the meat quality of Yunnan indigenous chickens, especially WD. In future molecular breeding, the genes in this study can be used as molecular screening markers and applied to the molecular breeding of chicken quality characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Yunnan Rural Revitalization Education Institute, Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650101, China; (Y.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Bufialo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Lvliang University, Lvliang 033000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Qihua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Shixiong Yan
- Yunnan Rural Revitalization Education Institute, Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650101, China; (Y.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Yunnan Rural Revitalization Education Institute, Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650101, China; (Y.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Lixian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
- Institute of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Shuangmin Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Zhengchang Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Changrong Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Junjing Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Tengfei Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Z.); (K.W.); (Q.L.); (C.G.); (J.J.)
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Canali S, Fischer AW, Nguyen M, Anderson K, Wu L, Graham AR, Hsiao CJ, Bankar C, Dussault N, Ritchie V, Goodridge M, Sparrow T, Pannoni A, Tse SW, Woo V, Klovdahl K, Iacovelli J, Huang E. Lipid-encapsulated mRNA encoding an extended serum half-life interleukin-22 ameliorates metabolic disease in mice. Mol Metab 2024; 86:101965. [PMID: 38871178 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin (IL)-22 is a potential therapeutic protein for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease due to its involvement in multiple cellular pathways and observed hepatoprotective effects. The short serum half-life of IL-22 has previously limited its use in clinical applications; however, the development of mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology offers a novel therapeutic approach that uses a host-generated IL-22 fusion protein. In the present study, the effects of administration of an mRNA-LNP encoding IL-22 on metabolic disease parameters was investigated in various mouse models. METHODS C57BL/6NCrl mice were used to confirm mouse serum albumin (MSA)-IL-22 protein expression prior to assessments in C57BL/6NTac and CETP/ApoB transgenic mouse models of metabolic disease. Mice were fed either regular chow or a modified amylin liver nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-inducing diet prior to receiving either LNP-encapsulated MSA-IL-22 or MSA mRNA via intravenous or intramuscular injection. Metabolic markers were monitored for the duration of the experiments, and postmortem histology assessment and analysis of metabolic gene expression pathways were performed. RESULTS MSA-IL-22 was detectable for ≥8 days following administration. Improvements in body weight, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and lipogenic and fibrotic marker gene expression in the liver were observed in the MSA-IL-22-treated mice, and these effects were shown to be durable. CONCLUSIONS These results support the application of mRNA-encoded IL-22 as a promising treatment strategy for metabolic syndrome and associated comorbidities in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Canali
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | | | - Mychael Nguyen
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Karl Anderson
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Lorna Wu
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Nancy Dussault
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | | | | | - Todd Sparrow
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | | | - Sze-Wah Tse
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Vivienne Woo
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | | | | | - Eric Huang
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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6
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Walls KM, Joh JY, Hong KU, Hein DW. Heterocyclic Amines Disrupt Lipid Homeostasis in Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s12012-024-09874-1. [PMID: 38851663 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction associated-steatotic liver disease (MASLD)/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and/or obesity. Environmental pollutant exposure has been recently identified as a risk factor for developing MASH. Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are mutagens generated when cooking meat at high temperatures or until well-done. Recent epidemiological studies reported that dietary HCA exposure may be linked to insulin resistance and type II diabetes, and we recently reported that HCAs induce insulin resistance and glucose production in human hepatocytes. However, no previous studies have examined the effects of HCAs on hepatic lipid homeostasis. In the present study, we assessed the effects of two common HCAs, MeIQx (2-amino-3, 8-dimethylimidazo [4, 5-f] quinoxaline) and PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4, 5-b] pyridine), on lipid homeostasis in cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Exposure to a single concentration of 25 μM MeIQx or PhIP in human hepatocytes led to dysregulation of lipid homeostasis, typified by significant increases in lipid droplets and triglycerides. PhIP significantly increased expression of lipid droplet-associated genes, PNPLA3 and HSD17B13, and both HCAs significantly increased PLIN2. Exposure to MeIQx or PhIP also significantly increased expression of several key genes involved in lipid synthesis, transport and metabolism, including FASN, DGAT2, CPT1A, SCD, and CD36. Furthermore, both MeIQx and PhIP significantly increased intracellular cholesterol and decreased expression of PON1 which is involved in cholesterol efflux. Taken together, these results suggest that HCAs dysregulate lipid production, metabolism, and storage. The current study demonstrates, for the first time, that HCA exposure may lead to fat accumulation in hepatocytes, which may contribute to hepatic insulin resistance and MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedy M Walls
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Environmental Justice, Community Health and Environmental Review Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chicago, USA
| | - Jonathan Y Joh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Kyung U Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, USA
| | - David W Hein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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7
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Barahona MJ, Ferrada L, Vera M, Nualart F. Tanycytes release glucose using the glucose-6-phosphatase system during hypoglycemia to control hypothalamic energy balance. Mol Metab 2024; 84:101940. [PMID: 38641253 PMCID: PMC11060961 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The liver releases glucose into the blood using the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) system, a multiprotein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we show for the first time that the G6Pase system is also expressed in hypothalamic tanycytes, and it is required to regulate energy balance. METHODS Using automatized qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses, we evaluated the expression of the G6Pase system. Fluorescent glucose analogue (2-NBDG) uptake was evaluated by 4D live-cell microscopy. Glucose release was tested using a glucose detection kit and high-content live-cell analysis instrument, Incucyte s3. In vivo G6pt knockdown in tanycytes was performed by AAV1-shG6PT-mCherry intracerebroventricular injection. Body weight gain, adipose tissue weight, food intake, glucose metabolism, c-Fos, and neuropeptide expression were evaluated at 4 weeks post-transduction. RESULTS Tanycytes sequester glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) into the ER through the G6Pase system and release glucose in hypoglycaemia via facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs). Strikingly, in vivo tanycytic G6pt knockdown has a powerful peripheral anabolic effect observed through decreased body weight, white adipose tissue (WAT) tissue mass, and strong downregulation of lipogenesis genes. Selective deletion of G6pt in tanycytes also decreases food intake, c-Fos expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), and Npy mRNA expression in fasted mice. CONCLUSIONS The tanycyte-associated G6Pase system is a central mechanism involved in controlling metabolism and energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Barahona
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile; Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile; Laboratory of Appetite Physiology (FIDELA), Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, University San Sebastián, Concepción Campus, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luciano Ferrada
- Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Matías Vera
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile; Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem Cells, NeuroCellT, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile; Center for Advanced Microscopy CMA BIO BIO, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.
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Mori H, Peterson SK, Simmermon RC, Overmyer KA, Nishii A, Paulsson E, Li Z, Jen A, Uranga RM, Maung JN, Yacawych WT, Lewis KT, Schill RL, Hetrick T, Seino R, Inoki K, Coon JJ, MacDougald OA. Scd1 and monounsaturated lipids are required for autophagy and survival of adipocytes. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101916. [PMID: 38492843 PMCID: PMC10975504 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exposure of adipocytes to 'cool' temperatures often found in the periphery of the body induces expression of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 (Scd1), an enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. The goal of this study is to further investigate the roles of Scd in adipocytes. METHOD In this study, we employed Scd1 knockout cells and mouse models, along with pharmacological Scd1 inhibition to dissect the enzyme's function in adipocyte physiology. RESULTS Our study reveals that production of monounsaturated lipids by Scd1 is necessary for fusion of autophagosomes to lysosomes and that with a Scd1-deficiency, autophagosomes accumulate. In addition, Scd1-deficiency impairs lysosomal and autolysosomal acidification resulting in vacuole accumulation and eventual cell death. Blocking autophagosome formation or supplementation with monounsaturated fatty acids maintains vitality of Scd1-deficient adipocytes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the indispensable role of Scd1 in adipocyte survival, with its inhibition in vivo triggering autophagy-dependent cell death and its depletion in vivo leading to the loss of bone marrow adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mori
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Sydney K Peterson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rachel C Simmermon
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katherine A Overmyer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Akira Nishii
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emma Paulsson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ziru Li
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annie Jen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Romina M Uranga
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica N Maung
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Warren T Yacawych
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth T Lewis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca L Schill
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Taryn Hetrick
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ryo Seino
- Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ken Inoki
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ormond A MacDougald
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Liu Y, Jin X. Fatty acid desaturase 1/2 (FADS1 and FADS2), fatty acid desaturase indices, and their relationships with metabolic syndrome in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after antipsychotic medications. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 163:106985. [PMID: 38394918 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.106985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although antipsychotics constitute the best treatment for patients with schizophrenia, this treatment class carries a high risk of metabolic disarrangements thus developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Altered fatty acid (FA) composition and desaturase indices have been associated with several metabolic diseases, including MetS. Herein, we determined fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) and FADS2 gene expressions, serum delta-5 desaturase (D5D) and D6D indices in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after olanzapine medication, as well as their relationship with the incidence of MetS. METHODS This study prospectively recruited 120 female patients with first-episode schizophrenia who completed 6-month olanzapine medication. Among these female patients, 31 patients developed MetS and 89 patients did not. RESULTS The mRNA expression levels of FADS1 and FADS2 in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times with results of two-way ANOVAs (FADS1: PMetS = 0.0006, Ptime = 0.004, Pinteraction = 0.010; FADS2: PMetS = 0.012, Ptime < 0.0001, Pinteraction = 0.001). The D5D and D6D indices in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times with results of two-way ANOVAs (D5D: PMetS = 0.002, Ptime = 0.009, Pinteraction = 0.014; D6D: PMetS = 0.011, Ptime = 0.006, Pinteraction = 0.0001). The SCD-16 and SCD-18 indices in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times (SCD-16: PMetS = 0.005, Ptime = 0.009, Pinteraction = 0.016; SCD-18: PMetS = 0.037, Ptime = 0.382, Pinteraction = 0.163). The following multiple comparisons test showed the MetS exhibited reduced FADS1 mRNA expression and D5D index, increased FADS2 mRNA expression and D6D index, concomitant with an enhanced SCD-16 index, compared to the non-MetS did not after 6-month olanzapine medication. CONCLUSION The study suggests changes of FADS1, FADS2 expressions, and fatty acid desaturase indices including D5D, D6D, and SCD-16 may be associated with the development of MetS in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after olanzapine medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Pharmacy Department, the Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiaozhuang Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, the Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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10
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Gao N, Liu Y, Liu G, Liu B, Cheng Y. Sanghuangporus vaninii extract ameliorates hyperlipidemia in rats by mechanisms identified with transcriptome analysis. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3360-3376. [PMID: 38726415 PMCID: PMC11077191 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of hyperlipidemia is a serious threat to public health. The development of effective and safe lipid-lowering drugs with few side effects is necessary. The purpose of this study was to assess the lipid-lowering activity of Sanghuangporus vaninii extract (SVE) in rat experiments and reveal the molecular mechanism by transcriptome analysis. Hyperlipidemia was induced in the animals using a high-fat diet for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4th week, hyperlipidemic rats were assigned into two control groups (model and positive simvastatin control) and three treatment groups that received SVE at 200, 400, or 800 mg kg-1 day-1 for another 4 weeks. A last control group comprised normal chow-fed rats. At the end of the 8th week, rats were sacrificed and lipid serum levels, histopathology, and liver transcriptome profiles were determined. SVE was demonstrated to relieve the lipid disorder and improve histopathological liver changes in a dose-dependent manner. The transcriptomic analysis identified changes in hepatocyte gene activity for major pathways including steroid biosynthesis, bile secretion, cholesterol metabolism, AMPK signaling, thyroid hormone signaling, and glucagon signaling. The changed expression of crucial genes in the different groups was confirmed by qPCR. Collectively, this study revealed that SVE could relieve hyperlipidemia in rats, the molecular mechanism might be to promote the metabolism of lipids and the excretion of cholesterol, inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, the thyroid hormone signaling pathway, and the glucagon signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
- School of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Yuanzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
- School of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Guangjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
- School of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical EngineeringHeilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Vocational CollegeHarbinChina
| | - Yupeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
- School of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
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11
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Cilenti L, Di Gregorio J, Mahar R, Liu F, Ambivero CT, Periasamy M, Merritt ME, Zervos AS. Inactivation of mitochondrial MUL1 E3 ubiquitin ligase deregulates mitophagy and prevents diet-induced obesity in mice. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1397565. [PMID: 38725872 PMCID: PMC11079312 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1397565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemic affecting millions of people worldwide and a major risk factor for a multitude of chronic diseases and premature mortality. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondria have a profound role in diet-induced obesity and the associated metabolic changes, but the molecular mechanisms linking mitochondria to obesity remain poorly understood. Our studies have identified a new function for mitochondrial MUL1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, a protein known to regulate mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, in the control of energy metabolism and lipogenesis. Genetic deletion of Mul1 in mice impedes mitophagy and presents a metabolic phenotype that is resistant to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome. Several metabolic and lipidomic pathways are perturbed in the liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) of Mul1(-/-) animals on HFD, including the one driven by Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1), a pivotal regulator of lipid metabolism and obesity. In addition, key enzymes crucial for lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation such as ACC1, FASN, AMPK, and CPT1 are also modulated in the absence of MUL1. The concerted action of these enzymes, in the absence of MUL1, results in diminished fat storage and heightened fatty acid oxidation. Our findings underscore the significance of MUL1-mediated mitophagy in regulating lipogenesis and adiposity, particularly in the context of HFD. Consequently, our data advocate the potential of MUL1 as a therapeutic target for drug development in the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance, NAFLD, and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cilenti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Jacopo Di Gregorio
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Chemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Fei Liu
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Camilla T. Ambivero
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Matthew E. Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Antonis S. Zervos
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
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12
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Ma Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Chen S, Zhu C, Liu Q, Li L, Cao H, Wu Z, Dong W. Seasonal modulation of the testis transcriptome reveals insights into hibernation and reproductive adaptation in Onychostoma macrolepis. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01335-4. [PMID: 38649597 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The Onychostoma macrolepis have a unique survival strategy, overwintering in caves and returning to the river for reproduction in summer. The current knowledge on the developmental status of its testes during winter and summer is still undiscovered. We performed RNA-seq analysis on O. macrolepis testes between January and June, using the published genome (NCBI, ASM1243209v1). Through KEGG and GO enrichment analysis, we were able to identify 2111 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and demonstrate their functions in signaling networks associated with the development of organism. At the genomic level, we found that during the overwintering phase, genes associated with cell proliferation (ccnb1, spag5, hdac7) were downregulated while genes linked to testicular fat metabolism (slc27a2, scd, pltp) were upregulated. This indicates suppression of both mitosis and meiosis, thereby inhibiting energy expenditure through genetic regulation of testicular degeneration. Furthermore, in January, we observed the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis (becn1, casp13), which may have the function of protecting reproductive organs and ensuring their maturity for the breeding season. The results provide a basis for the development of specialized feed formulations to regulate the expression of specific genes, or editing of genes during the fish egg stage, to ensure that the testes of O. macrolepis can mature more efficiently after overwintering, thereby enhancing reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxian Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qimin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Heran Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuzi Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Hagberg CE, Spalding KL. White adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-associated pathologies in humans. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:270-289. [PMID: 38086922 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and associated chronic diseases continues to increase worldwide, negatively impacting on societies and economies. Whereas the association between excess body weight and increased risk for developing a multitude of diseases is well established, the initiating mechanisms by which weight gain impairs our metabolic health remain surprisingly contested. In order to better address the myriad of disease states associated with obesity, it is essential to understand adipose tissue dysfunction and develop strategies for reinforcing adipocyte health. In this Review we outline the diverse physiological functions and pathological roles of human white adipocytes, examining our current knowledge of why white adipocytes are vital for systemic metabolic control, yet poorly adapted to our current obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty L Spalding
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Wu H, Xie J, Peng W, Ji F, Qian J, Shen Q, Hou G. Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on liver and breast muscle fat deposition, lipid levels, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in ducks. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1364815. [PMID: 38435369 PMCID: PMC10904544 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1364815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Exogenous supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid can mechanistically regulate the energy distribution in muscle cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on liver and breast muscle fat deposition, lipid levels, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in ducks. We randomly divided 480 42 days-old female Jiaji ducks into four groups with six replicates and 20 ducks for each replicate. The control group was fed the basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet with 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg (GA400, GA600, and GA800) guanidinoacetic acid, respectively. Compared with the control group, (1) the total cholesterol (p = 0.0262), triglycerides (p = 0.0357), malondialdehyde (p = 0.0452) contents were lower in GA400, GA600 and GA800 in the liver; (2) the total cholesterol (p = 0.0365), triglycerides (p = 0.0459), and malondialdehyde (p = 0.0326) contents in breast muscle were decreased in GA400, GA600 and GA800; (3) the high density lipoprotein (p = 0.0356) and apolipoprotein-A1 (p = 0.0125) contents were increased in GA600 in the liver; (4) the apolipoprotein-A1 contents (p = 0.0489) in breast muscle were higher in GA600 and GA800; (5) the lipoprotein lipase contents (p = 0.0325) in the liver were higher in GA600 and GA800; (6) the malate dehydrogenase contents (p = 0.0269) in breast muscle were lower in GA400, GA600, and GA800; (7) the insulin induced gene 1 (p = 0.0326), fatty acid transport protein 1 (p = 0.0412), and lipoprotein lipase (p = 0.0235) relative expression were higher in GA400, GA600, and GA800 in the liver; (8) the insulin induced gene 1 (p = 0.0269), fatty acid transport protein 1 (p = 0.0234), and lipoprotein lipase (p = 0.0425) relative expression were increased in GA400, GA600, and GA800 in breast muscle. In this study, the optimum dosage of 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid improved the liver and breast muscle fat deposition, lipid levels, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Wu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jiajun Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiqi Peng
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Fengjie Ji
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jinyu Qian
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Hainan Xuhuai Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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15
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Cavallero S, Roustaei M, Satta S, Cho JM, Phan H, Baek KI, Blázquez-Medela AM, Gonzalez-Ramos S, Vu K, Park SK, Yokota T, Sumner J, Mack JJ, Sigmund CD, Reddy ST, Li R, Hsiai TK. Exercise mitigates flow recirculation and activates metabolic transducer SCD1 to catalyze vascular protective metabolites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj7481. [PMID: 38354249 PMCID: PMC10866565 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj7481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Exercise promotes pulsatile shear stress in the arterial circulation and ameliorates cardiometabolic diseases. However, exercise-mediated metabolic transducers for vascular protection remain under-investigated. Untargeted metabolomic analysis demonstrated that wild-type mice undergoing voluntary wheel running exercise expressed increased endothelial stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) that catalyzes anti-inflammatory lipid metabolites, namely, oleic (OA) and palmitoleic acids (PA), to mitigate NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. In silico analysis revealed that exercise augmented time-averaged wall shear stress but mitigated flow recirculation and oscillatory shear index in the lesser curvature of the mouse aortic arch. Following exercise, endothelial Scd1-deleted mice (Ldlr-/- Scd1EC-/-) on high-fat diet developed persistent VCAM1-positive endothelium in the lesser curvature and the descending aorta, whereas SCD1 overexpression via adenovirus transfection mitigated endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Single-cell transcriptomics of the aorta identified Scd1-positive and Vcam1-negative endothelial subclusters interacting with other candidate genes. Thus, exercise mitigates flow recirculation and activates endothelial SCD1 to catalyze OA and PA for vascular endothelial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cavallero
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Roustaei
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandro Satta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Henry Phan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana M. Blázquez-Medela
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sheila Gonzalez-Ramos
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Khoa Vu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Seul-Ki Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Yokota
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Sumner
- Department of Psychology, College of Life Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia J. Mack
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Curt D. Sigmund
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rongsong Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tzung K. Hsiai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Murata R, Watanabe H, Iwakiri R, Chikamatsu M, Satoh T, Noguchi I, Yasuda K, Nishinoiri A, Yoshitake T, Nosaki H, Maeda H, Maruyama T. Albumin-fused thioredoxin ameliorates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25485. [PMID: 38352801 PMCID: PMC10861950 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) involves the simultaneous interaction of multiple factors such as lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Here, the effect of human serum albumin (HSA) fused to thioredoxin (Trx) on NASH was investigated. Trx is known to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, Trx is a low molecular weight protein and is rapidly eliminated from the blood. To overcome the low availability of Trx, HSA-Trx fusion protein was produced and evaluated the therapeutic effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH model mice. HSA-Trx administered before the formation of NASH pathology showed it to have a preventive effect. Specifically, HSA-Trx was found to prevent the pathological progression to NASH by suppressing lipid accumulation, liver injury markers, and liver fibrosis. When HSA-Trx was administered during the early stage of NASH there was a marked reduction in lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver, indicating that HSA-Trx ameliorates NASH pathology. The findings indicate that HSA-Trx influences multiple pathological factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, to elicit a therapeutic benefit. HSA-Trx also inhibited palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that HSA-Trx has potential as a therapeutic agent for NASH pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Murata
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Iwakiri
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Mayuko Chikamatsu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takao Satoh
- Kumamoto Industrial Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Isamu Noguchi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kengo Yasuda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ayano Nishinoiri
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takuma Yoshitake
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hiroto Nosaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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17
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Lin Y, Li X, Shan H, Gao J, Yang Y, Jiang L, Sun L, Chen Y, Liu F, Yu X. Scd-1 deficiency promotes the differentiation of CD8 + T effector. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1325390. [PMID: 38379772 PMCID: PMC10876803 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1325390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of various fatty acid types on adaptive immunity remains uncertain, and their roles remain unelucidated. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd) is a Δ-9 desaturase, which is a key rate-limiting enzyme for the conversion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the fatty acid de novo synthesis. Scd-1 converts stearic acid (SA) and palmitic acid (PA) to oleic acid (OA) and palmitoleic acid (PO), respectively. In this study, through a series of experiments, we showed that Scd-1 and its resulting compound, OA, have a substantial impact on the transformation of CD8+ naïve T cells into effector T cells. Inactivation of Scd-1 triggers the specialization of CD8+ T cells into the Teff subset, enhancing the effector function and mitochondrial metabolism of Teff cells, and OA can partially counteract this. A deeper understanding of lipid metabolism in immune cells and its impact on cell function can lead to new therapeutic approaches for controlling the immune response and improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xushuo Li
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Shan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanying Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlan Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Esler WP, Cohen DE. Pharmacologic inhibition of lipogenesis for the treatment of NAFLD. J Hepatol 2024; 80:362-377. [PMID: 37977245 PMCID: PMC10842769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The hepatic accumulation of excess triglycerides is a seminal event in the initiation and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic steatosis occurs when the hepatic accrual of fatty acids from the plasma and de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is no longer balanced by rates of fatty acid oxidation and secretion of very low-density lipoprotein-triglycerides. Accumulating data indicate that increased rates of DNL are central to the development of hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. Whereas the main drivers in NAFLD are transcriptional, owing to both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia, the effectors of DNL are a series of well-characterised enzymes. Several have proven amenable to pharmacologic inhibition or oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown, with lead compounds showing liver fat-lowering efficacy in phase II clinical trials. In humans with NAFLD, percent reductions in liver fat have closely mirrored percent inhibition of DNL, thereby affirming the critical contributions of DNL to NAFLD pathogenesis. The safety profiles of these compounds have so far been encouraging. It is anticipated that inhibitors of DNL, when administered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, will become important agents in the management of human NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Esler
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and Medical, Cambridge, MA 02139 United States.
| | - David E Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 United States.
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19
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Shi B, Zhang Z, Lv X, An K, Li L, Xia Z. Screening of Genes Related to Fat Deposition of Pekin Ducks Based on Transcriptome Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:268. [PMID: 38254437 PMCID: PMC10812498 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Subcutaneous fat deposition is an important index with which to evaluate meat-producing ducks, and affects their meat quality and feed conversion rate. Studying the differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous fat will help to comprehensively understand the potential mechanisms regulating fat deposition in ducks. In this study, 72 Nankou 1 Pekin Ducks and 72 Jingdian Pekin Ducks (half male and half female) at 42 days of age were selected for slaughter performance and transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the breast-muscle yield of Nankou 1 ducks was significantly higher than that of Jingdian ducks, but that the abdominal fat yield and subcutaneous fat yield were higher than that of Jingdian ducks. Thousands of DEGs, including many important genes involved in fat metabolism regulation, were detected by transcriptome. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched on pathways such as regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. SCD, FGF7, LTBP1, PNPLA3, ADCY2, and ACOT8 were selected as candidate genes for regulating subcutaneous fat deposition. The results indicated that Nankou 1 had superior fat deposition ability compared to Jingdian ducks, and that the candidate genes regulated fat deposition by regulating fat synthesis and decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhi Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.S.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.)
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.S.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.)
| | - Xueze Lv
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100107, China;
| | - Keying An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.S.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.)
| | - Lei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhaofei Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.S.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.)
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20
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Tibori K, Zámbó V, Orosz G, Szelényi P, Sarnyai F, Tamási V, Rónai Z, Csala M, Kereszturi É. Allele-specific effect of various dietary fatty acids and ETS1 transcription factor on SCD1 expression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:177. [PMID: 38167845 PMCID: PMC10761808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Overnutrition and genetic predisposition are major risk factors for various metabolic disorders. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) plays a key role in these conditions by synthesizing unsaturated fatty acids (FAs), thereby promoting fat storage and alleviating lipotoxicity. Expression of SCD1 is influenced by various saturated and cis-unsaturated FAs, but the possible role of dietary trans FAs (TFAs) and SCD1 promoter polymorphisms in its regulations has not been addressed. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of the two main TFAs, vaccenate and elaidate, and four common promoter polymorphisms (rs1054411, rs670213, rs2275657, rs2275656) on SCD1 expression in HEK293T and HepG2 cell cultures using luciferase reporter assay, qPCR and immunoblotting. We found that SCD1 protein and mRNA levels as well as SCD1 promoter activity are markedly elevated by elaidate, but not altered by vaccenate. The promoter polymorphisms did not affect the basal transcriptional activity of SCD1. However, the minor allele of rs1054411 increased SCD1 expression in the presence of various FAs. Moreover, this variant was predicted in silico and verified in vitro to reduce the binding of ETS1 transcription factor to SCD1 promoter. Although we could not confirm an association with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the FA-dependent and ETS1-mediated effect of rs1054411 polymorphism deserves further investigation as it may modulate the development of lipid metabolism-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Tibori
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Zámbó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gabriella Orosz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Szelényi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Farkas Sarnyai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viola Tamási
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Rónai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Csala
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kereszturi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary.
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21
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Hughey CC, Bracy DP, Rome FI, Goelzer M, Donahue EP, Viollet B, Foretz M, Wasserman DH. Exercise training adaptations in liver glycogen and glycerolipids require hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E14-E28. [PMID: 37938177 PMCID: PMC11193517 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00289.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Regular exercise elicits adaptations in glucose and lipid metabolism that allow the body to meet energy demands of subsequent exercise bouts more effectively and mitigate metabolic diseases including fatty liver. Energy discharged during the acute exercise bouts that comprise exercise training may be a catalyst for liver adaptations. During acute exercise, liver glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis are accelerated to supply glucose to working muscle. Lower liver energy state imposed by gluconeogenesis and related pathways activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which conserves ATP partly by promoting lipid oxidation. This study tested the hypothesis that AMPK is necessary for liver glucose and lipid adaptations to training. Liver-specific AMPKα1α2 knockout (AMPKα1α2fl/fl+AlbCre) mice and littermate controls (AMPKα1α2fl/fl) completed sedentary and exercise training protocols. Liver nutrient fluxes were quantified at rest or during acute exercise following training. Liver metabolites and molecular regulators of metabolism were assessed. Training increased liver glycogen in AMPKα1α2fl/fl mice, but not in AMPKα1α2fl/fl+AlbCre mice. The inability to increase glycogen led to lower glycogenolysis, glucose production, and circulating glucose during acute exercise in trained AMPKα1α2fl/fl+AlbCre mice. Deletion of AMPKα1α2 attenuated training-induced declines in liver diacylglycerides. In particular, training lowered the concentration of unsaturated and elongated fatty acids comprising diacylglycerides in AMPKα1α2fl/fl mice, but not in AMPKα1α2fl/fl+AlbCre mice. Training increased liver triacylglycerides and the desaturation and elongation of fatty acids in triacylglycerides of AMPKα1α2fl/fl+AlbCre mice. These lipid responses were independent of differences in tricarboxylic acid cycle fluxes. In conclusion, AMPK is required for liver training adaptations that are critical to glucose and lipid metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows that the energy sensor and transducer, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is necessary for an exercise training-induced: 1) increase in liver glycogen that is necessary for accelerated glycogenolysis during exercise, 2) decrease in liver glycerolipids independent of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux, and 3) decline in the desaturation and elongation of fatty acids comprising liver diacylglycerides. The mechanisms defined in these studies have implications for use of regular exercise or AMPK-activators in patients with fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis C Hughey
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Deanna P Bracy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Ferrol I Rome
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Mickael Goelzer
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - E Patrick Donahue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - David H Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
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22
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Lin L, Hu M, Li Q, Du L, Lin L, Xue Y, Zheng F, Wang F, Liu K, Wang Y, Ye J, Jiang X, Wang X, Wang J, Zhai J, Liu B, Xie H, You Y, Wang J, Kong X, Feng D, Green DR, Shi Y, Wang Y. Oleic acid availability impacts thymocyte preprogramming and subsequent peripheral T reg cell differentiation. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:54-65. [PMID: 38062135 PMCID: PMC10918613 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The nature of activation signals is essential in determining T cell subset differentiation; however, the features that determine T cell subset preference acquired during intrathymic development remain elusive. Here we show that naive CD4+ T cells generated in the mouse thymic microenvironment lacking Scd1, encoding the enzyme catalyzing oleic acid (OA) production, exhibit enhanced regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation and attenuated development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Scd1 deletion in K14+ thymic epithelia recapitulated the enhanced Treg cell differentiation phenotype of Scd1-deficient mice. The dearth of OA permitted DOT1L to increase H3K79me2 levels at the Atp2a2 locus of thymocytes at the DN2-DN3 transition stage. Such epigenetic modification persisted in naive CD4+ T cells and facilitated Atp2a2 expression. Upon T cell receptor activation, ATP2A2 enhanced the activity of the calcium-NFAT1-Foxp3 axis to promote naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Treg cells. Therefore, OA availability is critical for preprogramming thymocytes with Treg cell differentiation propensities in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyuan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqing Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanjun Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Keli Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayin Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjie Zhai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Benming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhen Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyin Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dechun Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Sun Q, Xing X, Wang H, Wan K, Fan R, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu W, Wang Y, Wang R. SCD1 is the critical signaling hub to mediate metabolic diseases: Mechanism and the development of its inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115586. [PMID: 38042113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, featured with dysregulated energy homeostasis, have become major global health challenges. Patients with metabolic diseases have high probability to manifest multiple complications in lipid metabolism, e.g. obesity, insulin resistance and fatty liver. Therefore, targeting the hub genes in lipid metabolism may systemically ameliorate the metabolic diseases, along with the complications. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1) is a key enzyme that desaturates the saturated fatty acids (SFAs) derived from de novo lipogenesis or diet to generate monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). SCD1 maintains the metabolic and tissue homeostasis by responding to, and integrating the multiple layers of endogenous stimuli, which is mediated by the synthesized MUFAs. It critically regulates a myriad of physiological processes, including energy homeostasis, development, autophagy, tumorigenesis and inflammation. Aberrant transcriptional and epigenetic activation of SCD1 regulates AMPK/ACC, SIRT1/PGC1α, NcDase/Wnt, etc, and causes aberrant lipid accumulation, thereby promoting the progression of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, diabetes and cancer. This review critically assesses the integrative mechanisms of the (patho)physiological functions of SCD1 in metabolic homeostasis, inflammation and autophagy. For translational perspective, potent SCD1 inhibitors have been developed to treat various types of cancer. We thus discuss the multidisciplinary advances that greatly accelerate the development of SCD1 new inhibitors. In conclusion, besides cancer treatment, SCD1 may serve as the promising target to combat multiple metabolic complications simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaorui Xing
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kang Wan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruobing Fan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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24
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Maruyama C, Sato A, Nishikata Y, Nakazawa M, Shijo Y, Kameyama N, Umezawa A, Ayaori M, Waki M, Ikewaki K, Nishitani A, Teramoto T. Effects of Nutrition Education Program for the Japan Diet on Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions in Patients with Dyslipidemia: Re-analysis of Data from a Previous Randomized Controlled Trial. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1849-1869. [PMID: 37344446 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated changes in serum phospholipid fatty acid compositions with intake of the Japan Diet (JD) (higher consumption of fish, soybeans, vegetables, seaweed/mushrooms/konjak, and unrefined cereals with reduced consumption of animal fat, meat and poultry with fat, sweets and alcoholic drinks) recommended by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society. METHODS A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial on JD intake was conducted on Japanese patients with dyslipidemia. Nutrition education, based on the JD or partial JD (PJD) at baseline and at 3 months, was provided and the participants were followed up for 6 months. Fatty acids comprising serum phospholipids were measured in the JD (n=44) and PJD (n=44) groups. RESULTS Fatty acid intakes of C20:4, C20:5 and C22:6 increased in the JD group as compared with the PJD group. The percentages of serum phospholipid, C22:1 and C20:5 increased, while those of C18:1, C20:3(n-6) and C20:4(n-6) decreased in the JD as compared with the PJD group at 3 months. Changes in the phospholipid concentrations of C20:5, C22:5 and C22:6 reflected those intake volumes. Serum phospholipid C20:5 and C22:6 showed inverse correlations with C18:1, C18:2, and C20:3(n-6) at baseline and the changes at 3 and 6 months. In contrast, no correlation was observed between C20:4(n-6) and those n-3 fatty acids. The ratios of fatty acid concentrations, C16:1/C16:0 and C18:1/C18:0, decreased, but the ratio of C20:4(n-6)/C20:3(n-6) increased in the JD group. CONCLUSION Nutrition education on the JD changed serum phospholipid fatty acid profiles in favor to prevent against cardiovascular risk factors in patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuko Maruyama
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Aisa Sato
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Yui Nishikata
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Mariko Nakazawa
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Yuri Shijo
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Noriko Kameyama
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Ariko Umezawa
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | | | | | - Katsunori Ikewaki
- Division of Anti-aging, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College
| | - Ai Nishitani
- Teikyo Academic Research Center, Teikyo University
| | - Tamio Teramoto
- Teikyo Academic Research Center, Teikyo University
- Teramoto Medical and Dental Clinic
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25
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Guo Z, Huo X, Li X, Jiang C, Xue L. Advances in regulation and function of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in cancer, from bench to bed. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2773-2785. [PMID: 37450239 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) converts saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. The expression of SCD1 is increased in many cancers, and the altered expression contributes to the proliferation, invasion, sternness and chemoresistance of cancer cells. Recently, more evidence has been reported to further support the important role of SCD1 in cancer, and the regulation mechanism of SCD1 has also been focused. Multiple factors are involved in the regulation of SCD1, including metabolism, diet, tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, and epigenetics modification. Moreover, SCD1 is found to be involved in regulating ferroptosis resistance. Based on these findings, SCD1 has been considered as a potential target for cancer treatment. However, the resistance of SCD1 inhibition may occur in certain tumors due to tumor heterogeneity and metabolic plasticity. This review summarizes recent advances in the regulation and function of SCD1 in tumors and discusses the potential clinical application of targeting SCD1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Guo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Huo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianlong Li
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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26
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Tracz-Gaszewska Z, Sowka A, Dobrzyn P. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition impairs triacylglycerol accumulation and lipid droplet formation in colorectal cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2888-2903. [PMID: 37814830 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Increases in fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis meet the higher lipid demand by intensely proliferating cancer cells and promoting their progression. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the key enzyme in FA biosynthesis, converting saturated FA (SFA) into monounsaturated FA (MUFA). Increases in the MUFA/SFA ratio and SCD1 expression have been observed in cancers of various origins and correlate with their aggressiveness. However, much is still unknown about the SCD1-dependent molecular mechanisms that promote specific changes in metabolic pathways of cancer cells. The present study investigated the involvement of SCD1 in shaping glucose and lipid metabolism in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Excess FAs that derive from de novo lipogenesis are stored in organelles, called lipid droplets (LDs), mainly in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesteryl esters. LD accumulation is associated with key features of cancer development and progression. Consistent with our findings, the pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 activity affects CRC cell viability and impairs TAG accumulation and LD formation in these cells through the activation of lipolytic and lipophagic pathways. We showed that SCD1 suppression affects crucial lipogenic processes that promote lipid accumulation in CRC cells but in a sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1-independent manner. We propose that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase contributes to these changes through the activation of lipolysis and inhibition of TAG synthesis. We also provide evidence of the involvement of SCD1 in the regulation of glucose uptake and utilization in CRC cells. These findings underscore the importance of SCD1 in regulating cellular processes that promote cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Tracz-Gaszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Sowka
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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27
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Du X, Shi X, Han M, Gao X, Wang C, Jiang C, Pu C. SCD1 inhibits HBV replication by regulating autophagy under high lipid conditions. Virus Genes 2023; 59:801-816. [PMID: 37644346 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-02028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health concern worldwide. Several metabolic processes regulate HBV DNA replication, including autophagy and lipid metabolism. In this study, we clarified the effect of lipids on HBV replication and elucidated possible mechanisms. We discovered that lipid metabolic gene expression levels were negatively correlated with the HBV DNA in plasma. Our data showed that fatty acid stimulation significantly reduced HBV DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels in HepG2.2.15 cells, which are human hepatoma cell cultures transfected with HBV DNA. The Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1)-autophagy pathway has also been implicated in inhibiting HBV replication by fatty acids stimulation. SCD1 knockdown deregulates the inhibitory effect of fatty acids on HBV by enhancing autophagy. When 3 methyladenine (3MA) was added, the inhibitory effects of specific autophagy inhibitors eliminated the positive effects of SCD1 knockdown on HBV replication. Our results indicate that SCD1 participates in the regulation of inhibition of HBV replication by fatty acids stimulation through regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shi
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyun Gao
- Department of Geriatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Chunmeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Chunwen Pu
- Department of Biobank, The Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China.
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Mori H, Peterson SK, Simmermon R, Overmyer KA, Nishii A, Paulsson E, Li Z, Jen A, Uranga RM, Maung J, Yacawych WT, Lewis KT, Schill RL, Hetrick T, Seino R, Inoki K, Coon JJ, MacDougald OA. SCD1 and monounsaturated lipids are required for autophagy and survival of adipocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.27.564376. [PMID: 37961537 PMCID: PMC10634865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of adipocytes to 'cool' temperatures often found in the periphery of the body induces expression of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 (SCD1), an enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. In this study, we employed Scd1 knockout cells and mouse models, along with pharmacological SCD1 inhibition, to investigate further the roles of SCD1 in adipocytes. Our study reveals that production of monounsaturated lipids by SCD1 is necessary for fusion of autophagosomes to lysosomes and that with a SCD1-deficiency, autophagosomes accumulate. In addition, SCD1-deficiency impairs lysosomal and autolysosomal acidification resulting in vacuole accumulation and eventual cell death. Blocking autophagosome formation or supplementation with monounsaturated fatty acids maintains vitality of SCD1-deficient adipocytes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that in vitro inhibition of SCD1 in adipocytes leads to autophagy-dependent cell death, and in vivo depletion leads to loss of bone marrow adipocytes.
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Zhang YH, Zhao L, Zhang MY, Cao RD, Hou GM, Teng HJ, Zhang JX. Fatty acid metabolism decreased while sexual selection increased in brown rats spreading south. iScience 2023; 26:107742. [PMID: 37731619 PMCID: PMC10507208 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For mammals that originate in the cold north, adapting to warmer environments is crucial for southwards invasion. The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) originated in Northeast China and has become a global pest. R. n. humiliatus (RNH) spread from the northeast, where R. n. caraco (RNC) lives, to North China and diverged to form a subspecies. Genomic analyses revealed that subspecies differentiation was promoted by temperature but impeded by gene flow and that genes related to fatty acid metabolism were under the strongest selection. Transcriptome analyses revealed downregulated hepatic genes related to fatty acid metabolism and upregulated those related to pheromones in RNH vs. RNC. Similar patterns were observed in relation to cold/warm acclimation. RNH preferred mates with stronger pheromone signals intra-populationally and more genetic divergence inter-populationally. We concluded that RNH experienced reduced fat utilization and increased pheromone-mediated sexual selection during its invasion from the cold north to warm south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui-Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guan-Mei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua-Jing Teng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Buyl K, Vrints M, Fernando R, Desmae T, Van Eeckhoutte T, Jans M, Van Der Schueren J, Boeckmans J, Rodrigues RM, De Boe V, Rogiers V, De Kock J, Beirinckx F, Vanhaecke T. Human skin stem cell-derived hepatic cells as in vitro drug discovery model for insulin-driven de novo lipogenesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175989. [PMID: 37572939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is characterized by intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation and can progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and liver fibrosis. Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), activated by glucose and insulin, is a central pathway contributing to early-stage development of MASLD. The emerging global prevalence of MASLD highlights the urgent need for pharmaceutical intervention to combat this health threat. However, the identification of novel drugs that could inhibit hepatic DNL is hampered by a lack of reliable, insulin-sensitive, human, in vitro, hepatic models. Here, we report human skin stem cell-derived hepatic cells (hSKP-HPC) as a unique in vitro model to study insulin-driven DNL (iDNL), evidenced by both gene expression and lipid accumulation readouts. Insulin-sensitive hSKP-HPC showed increased sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) expression, a key transcription factor for DNL. Furthermore, this physiologically relevant in vitro human steatosis model allowed both inhibition and activation of the iDNL pathway using reference inhibitors and activators, respectively. Optimisation of the lipid accumulation assay to a high-throughput, 384-well format enabled the screening of a library of annotated compounds, delivering new insights on key players in the iDNL pathway and MASLD pathophysiology. Together, these results establish the value of the hSKP-HPC model in preclinical development of antisteatotic drugs to combat MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Buyl
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Martine Vrints
- Galapagos NV, Industriepark Mechelen Noord, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, B-2880, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Ruani Fernando
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Terry Desmae
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Eeckhoutte
- Galapagos NV, Industriepark Mechelen Noord, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, B-2880, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Mia Jans
- Galapagos NV, Industriepark Mechelen Noord, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, B-2880, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Jan Van Der Schueren
- Galapagos NV, Industriepark Mechelen Noord, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, B-2880, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Joost Boeckmans
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robim M Rodrigues
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veerle De Boe
- Department of Urology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ-Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joery De Kock
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Filip Beirinckx
- Galapagos NV, Industriepark Mechelen Noord, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, B-2880, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
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31
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Ding Z, Pan Y, Shang T, Jiang T, Lin Y, Yang C, Pang S, Cui X, Wang Y, Feng XF, Xu M, Pei M, Chen Y, Li X, Ding J, Tan Y, Wang H, Dong L, Wang L. URI alleviates tyrosine kinase inhibitors-induced ferroptosis by reprogramming lipid metabolism in p53 wild-type liver cancers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6269. [PMID: 37805657 PMCID: PMC10560259 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefit of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)-based systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited due to drug resistance. Here, we uncover that lipid metabolism reprogramming mediated by unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor (URI) endows HCC with resistance to TKIs-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, URI directly interacts with TRIM28 and promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation in a TRIM28-MDM2 dependent manner. Importantly, p53 binds to the promoter of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) and represses its transcription. High expression of URI is correlated with high level of SCD1 and their synergetic expression predicts poor prognosis and TKIs resistance in HCC. The combination of SCD1 inhibitor aramchol and deuterated sorafenib derivative donafenib displays promising anti-tumor effects in p53-wild type HCC patient-derived organoids and xenografted tumors. This combination therapy has potential clinical benefits for the patients with advanced HCC who have wild-type p53 and high levels of URI/SCD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ding
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Taiyu Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Yunkai Lin
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Chun Yang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, P. R. China
| | - Shujie Pang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery V, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Cui
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yixiu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Fan Feng
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Mengmiao Pei
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Chen
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ding
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yexiong Tan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Liwei Dong
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
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32
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Bingham PM, Zachar Z. Toward a Unifying Hypothesis for Redesigned Lipid Catabolism as a Clinical Target in Advanced, Treatment-Resistant Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14365. [PMID: 37762668 PMCID: PMC10531647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We review extensive progress from the cancer metabolism community in understanding the specific properties of lipid metabolism as it is redesigned in advanced carcinomas. This redesigned lipid metabolism allows affected carcinomas to make enhanced catabolic use of lipids in ways that are regulated by oxygen availability and is implicated as a primary source of resistance to diverse treatment approaches. This oxygen control permits lipid catabolism to be an effective energy/reducing potential source under the relatively hypoxic conditions of the carcinoma microenvironment and to do so without intolerable redox side effects. The resulting robust access to energy and reduced potential apparently allow carcinoma cells to better survive and recover from therapeutic trauma. We surveyed the essential features of this advanced carcinoma-specific lipid catabolism in the context of treatment resistance and explored a provisional unifying hypothesis. This hypothesis is robustly supported by substantial preclinical and clinical evidence. This approach identifies plausible routes to the clinical targeting of many or most sources of carcinoma treatment resistance, including the application of existing FDA-approved agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Bingham
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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Yang S, Zhang R, Deng W, Chang S, Li Y, Li S. Pirfenidone ameliorates liver steatosis by targeting the STAT3-SCD1 axis. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1773-1787. [PMID: 37659014 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies reported that pirfenidone (PFD) is associated with liver disease. However, the effects of pirfenidone on energy metabolism and hepatic lipid accumulation are still poorly understood. METHODS In this study, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups, and fed a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. At the end of the eighth week, half of the mice fed on both diets were treated with PFD. Biochemical and lipid metabolism-related indices were analyzed. Furthermore, Hepa 1-6 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) were incubated with PFD with or without free fatty acid (FFA) treatment. Then, stattic (a p-STAT3 inhibitor) or Ad-shSTAT3 was used to further elucidate the effects of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling on PFD regulation of hepatic steatosis. RESULTS PFD ameliorated obesity and hepatic lipid deposition in HFD mice by decreasing stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression and upregulating p-STAT3 in the liver. In Hepa 1-6 cells and MPHs, PFD also down-regulated the expression of SCD1. STAT3 inhibition treatment eliminated the benefits of PFD on both SCD1 and hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSION In summary, our data reveal that PFD may play an important role in mitigating hepatic steatosis in a STAT3-SCD1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renzi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzhen Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 409000, China
| | - Shichuan Chang
- Oncology Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Huo H, Hu C, Zhou Q, Xiong L, Peng M. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals a possible mechanism for the regulation of lipid metabolism via vitamin A in rice field eel ( Monopterus albus). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1254992. [PMID: 37680772 PMCID: PMC10482098 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the effects of vitamin A on lipid deposition in rice field eels, integrated liver transcriptome and metabolome were conducted and the changes in the genes and metabolites were assessed. Three groups of rice field eel were fed with 0, 200, and 16,000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementations in their diets for 70 days. The total lipid content in the whole body of the rice field eels was significantly increased with the vitamin A supplementations (p < 0.05). Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 14 pathways and 46 differentially expressed genes involved in lipid metabolism. Sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly enriched pathways. In these pathways, three differential genes phospholipid phosphatase 1a (PLPP1a), phospholipid phosphatase 2b (PLPP2b), cytochrome P450 21a2 (CYP21a2) were consistent with the change trend of lipid content, and the other three differential genes aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 (AKR1D1), uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid transferase 1a1 (UGT1a1), cytochrome P450 1a (CYP1a) were opposite. Metabolomic analysis revealed that primary bile acid biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were all critical for rice field eel metabolic changes in response to vitamin A. Six important differential metabolites (eicosapentaenoic acid, sphinganine, 11-beta-hydroxyprogesterone, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, cholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholate) were identified and have provided new insights into how vitamin A regulates lipid deposition. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that primary bile acid biosynthesis was the only remarkably enriched pathway in both the transcriptome and metabolome while that sphingosine was the main metabolite. Based on the above results, we have concluded that vitamin A promotes lipid deposition in the rice field eel through the primary bile acid synthesis pathway, and lipid deposits are widely stored in cell membranes, mainly in the form of sphingosine. These results will provide reference data to help improve our understanding of how vitamin A regulates lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Huo
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutrition Physiology and Healthy Breeding, Nanchang, China
| | - Chonghua Hu
- Ganzhou Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Institute, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiubai Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutrition Physiology and Healthy Breeding, Nanchang, China
| | - Liufeng Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutrition Physiology and Healthy Breeding, Nanchang, China
| | - Mo Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutrition Physiology and Healthy Breeding, Nanchang, China
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Wang BY, Chang YY, Shiu LY, Lee YJ, Lin YW, Hsu YS, Tsai HT, Hsu SP, Su LJ, Tsai MH, Xiao JH, Lin JA, Chen CH. An integrated analysis of dysregulated SCD1 in human cancers and functional verification of miR-181a-5p/SCD1 axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4030-4043. [PMID: 37664175 PMCID: PMC10468324 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the most lethal cancers, has become a global health issue. Stearoyl-coA desaturase 1 (SCD1) has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in human cancers. However, pan-cancer analysis has revealed little evidence to date. In the current study, we systematically inspected the expression patterns and potential clinical outcomes of SCD1 in multiple human cancers. SCD1 was dysregulated in several types of cancers, and its aberrant expression acted as a diagnostic biomarker, indicating that SCD1 may play a role in tumorigenesis. We used ESCC as an example to demonstrate that SCD1 was dramatically upregulated in tumor tissues of ESCC and was associated with clinicopathological characteristics in ESCC patients. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high SCD1 expression was correlated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in ESCC patients. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module analysis by PINA database and Gephi were performed to identify the hub targets. Meanwhile, the functional annotation analysis of these hubs was constructed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Functionally, the gain-of-function of SCD1 in ESCC cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; in contrast, loss-of-function of SCD1 in ESCC cells had opposite effects. Bioinformatic, QPCR, Western blotting and luciferase assays indicated that SCD1 was a direct target of miR-181a-5p in ESCC cells. In addition, gain-of-function of miR-181a-5p in ESCC cells reduced the cell growth, migratory, and invasive abilities. Conversely, inhibition of miR-181a-5p expression by its inhibitor in ESCC cells had opposite biological effects. Importantly, reinforced SCD1 in miR-181a-5p mimic ESCC transfectants reversed miR-181a-5p mimic-prevented malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Taken together, these results indicate that SCD1 expression influences tumor progression in a variety of cancers, and the miR-181a-5p/SCD1 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yen Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Ming Dao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yen Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, and Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yen Shiu
- Cell Therapy Center, E-Da cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cell Therapy and Research Center, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Immunology Research Center, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shen Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsiu Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hong Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jer-An Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu M, Lo TH, Li L, Sun J, Deng C, Chan KY, Li X, Yeh STY, Lee JTH, Lui PPY, Xu A, Wong CM. Amelioration of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 ( Adgrf1). eLife 2023; 12:e85131. [PMID: 37580962 PMCID: PMC10427146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has shown that the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 (Adgrf1; also known as GPR110; PGR19; KPG_012; hGPCR36) is an oncogene. The evidence is mainly based on high expression of Adgrf1 in numerous cancer types, and knockdown Adgrf1 can reduce the cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Adgrf1 is, however, mostly expressed in the liver of healthy individuals. The function of Adgrf1 in liver has not been revealed. Interestingly, expression level of hepatic Adgrf1 is dramatically decreased in obese subjects. Here, the research examined whether Adgrf1 has a role in liver metabolism. Methods We used recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery system, and antisense oligonucleotide was used to manipulate the hepatic Adgrf1 expression level in diet-induced obese mice to investigate the role of Adgrf1 in hepatic steatosis. The clinical relevance was examined using transcriptome profiling and archived biopsy specimens of liver tissues from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with different degree of fatty liver. Results The expression of Adgrf1 in the liver was directly correlated to fat content in the livers of both obese mice and NAFLD patients. Stearoyl-coA desaturase 1 (Scd1), a crucial enzyme in hepatic de novo lipogenesis, was identified as a downstream target of Adgrf1 by RNA-sequencing analysis. Treatment with the liver-specific Scd1 inhibitor MK8245 and specific shRNAs against Scd1 in primary hepatocytes improved the hepatic steatosis of Adgrf1-overexpressing mice and lipid profile of hepatocytes, respectively. Conclusions These results indicate Adgrf1 regulates hepatic lipid metabolism through controlling the expression of Scd1. Downregulation of Adgrf1 expression can potentially serve as a protective mechanism to stop the overaccumulation of fat in the liver in obese subjects. Overall, the above findings not only reveal a new mechanism regulating the progression of NAFLD, but also proposed a novel therapeutic approach to combat NAFLD by targeting Adgrf1. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81870586), Area of Excellence (AoE/M-707/18), and General Research Fund (15101520) to CMW, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82270941, 81974117) to SJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tak-Ho Lo
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
| | - Liping Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityChinaChina
| | - Jia Sun
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityChinaChina
| | - Chujun Deng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
| | - Ka-Ying Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
| | | | - Jimmy Tsz Hang Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Pauline Po Yee Lui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Chi-Ming Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research InstituteHong KongChina
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Zhang H, Ke W, Chen X, Han Y, Xiong Y, Zhu F, Xiang Y, Yan R, Cai H, Huang S, Ke X. High-Fat Diet Promotes Adipogenesis in Offspring Female Rats Induced by Perinatal Exposure to 4-Nonylphenol. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6540585. [PMID: 37398946 PMCID: PMC10313470 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6540585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Both high-fat diet (HFD) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) could affect fat formation in adipose tissue individually. We investigated whether HFD promote abnormal adipose tissue formation caused by early exposure to 4-NP in life and preliminarily explore the possible mechanisms involved. Methods The first-generation rats were treated with HFD on postnatal day after pregnant rats exposure to 5 ug/kg/day 4-NP. Then, the second generation rats started to only receive normal diet without 4-NP or HFD. We analyzed organ coefficient and histopathology of fat tissues, biochemical index, and gene level involved in lipid metabolism in female offspring rats. Results HFD and 4-NP interaction synergistically increased birth weight, body weight, and organ coefficients of adipose tissue in offspring female rats. HFD accelerately aggravated abnormal lipid metabolism and increased the adipocyte mean areas around the uterus of the offspring female rats induced by prenatal exposure to 4-NP. HFD also facilitate the regulation of gene expression involved lipid metabolism in offspring female rats induced by perinatal exposure to 4-NP, even passed on to the second generation of female rats. Moreover, HFD and 4-NP interaction synergistically declined the gene and protein expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in the adipose tissue of second-generation female rats. Conclusion HFD and 4-NP synergistically regulate the expression of lipid metabolism genes in adipose tissue of F2 female rats and promote adipose tissue generation, leading to obesity in offspring rats, which is closely related to low expression of ER. Therefore, ER genes and proteins may be involved in the synergistic effect of HFD and 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Weiran Ke
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rong Yan
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hongbo Cai
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shunmei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ke
- Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Shen J, Wu G, Pierce BS, Tsai AL, Zhou M. Free ferrous ions sustain activity of mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. J Biol Chem 2023:104897. [PMID: 37290533 PMCID: PMC10359943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) introduces a double-bond to a saturated long-chain fatty acid in a reaction catalyzed by a diiron center. The diiron center is well-coordinated by conserved histidine residues and is thought to remain with the enzyme. However, we find here that SCD1 progressively loses its activity during catalysis and becomes fully inactive after nine turnovers. Further studies show that the inactivation of SCD1 is due to the loss of an iron (Fe) ion in the diiron center, and that the addition of free ferrous ions (Fe2+) sustains the enzymatic activity. Using SCD1 labeled with Fe isotope, we further show that free Fe2+ is incorporated into the diiron center only during catalysis. We also discover that the diiron center in SCD1 has prominent electron paramagnetic resonance signals in its diferric state, indicative of distinct coupling between the two ferric ions. These results reveal that the diiron center in SCD1 is structurally dynamic during catalysis and that labile Fe2+ in cells could regulate SCD1 activity, and hence lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Shen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Brad S Pierce
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Ah-Lim Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Liao S, Gollowitzer A, Börmel L, Maier C, Gottschalk L, Werz O, Wallert M, Koeberle A, Lorkowski S. α-Tocopherol-13'-Carboxychromanol Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death by Inhibiting the SREBP1-SCD1 Axis and Causing Imbalance in Lipid Desaturation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119229. [PMID: 37298183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Tocopherol-13'-carboxychromanol (α-T-13'-COOH) is an endogenously formed bioactive α-tocopherol metabolite that limits inflammation and has been proposed to exert lipid metabolism-regulatory, pro-apoptotic, and anti-tumoral properties at micromolar concentrations. The mechanisms underlying these cell stress-associated responses are, however, poorly understood. Here, we show that the induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in macrophages triggered by α-T-13'-COOH is associated with the suppressed proteolytic activation of the lipid anabolic transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)1 and with decreased cellular levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)1. In turn, the fatty acid composition of neutral lipids and phospholipids shifts from monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids, and the concentration of the stress-preventive, pro-survival lipokine 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-myo-inositol) [PI(18:1/18:1)] decreases. The selective inhibition of SCD1 mimics the pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of α-T-13'-COOH, and the provision of the SCD1 product oleic acid (C18:1) prevents α-T-13'-COOH-induced apoptosis. We conclude that micromolar concentrations of α-T-13'-COOH trigger cell death and likely also cell cycle arrest by suppressing the SREBP1-SCD1 axis and depleting cells of monounsaturated fatty acids and PI(18:1/18:1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liao
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - André Gollowitzer
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisa Börmel
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Charlotte Maier
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Luisa Gottschalk
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wallert
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Lee HJ, Lee J, Yang MJ, Kim YC, Hong SP, Kim JM, Hwang GS, Koh GY. Endothelial cell-derived stem cell factor promotes lipid accumulation through c-Kit-mediated increase of lipogenic enzymes in brown adipocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2754. [PMID: 37179330 PMCID: PMC10183046 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Active thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) facilitating the utilization of lipids and glucose is critical for maintaining body temperature and reducing metabolic diseases, whereas inactive BAT accumulates lipids in brown adipocytes (BAs), leading to BAT whitening. Although cellular crosstalk between endothelial cells (ECs) and adipocytes is essential for the transport and utilization of fatty acid in BAs, the angiocrine roles of ECs mediating this crosstalk remain poorly understood. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and knock-out male mice, we demonstrate that stem cell factor (SCF) derived from ECs upregulates gene expressions and protein levels of the enzymes for de novo lipogenesis, and promotes lipid accumulation by activating c-Kit in BAs. In the early phase of lipid accumulation induced by denervation or thermoneutrality, transiently expressed c-Kit on BAs increases the protein levels of the lipogenic enzymes via PI3K and AKT signaling. EC-specific SCF deletion and BA-specific c-Kit deletion attenuate the induction of the lipogenic enzymes and suppress the enlargement of lipid droplets in BAs after denervation or thermoneutrality in male mice. These data provide insight into SCF/c-Kit signaling as a regulator that promotes lipid accumulation through the increase of lipogenic enzymes in BAT when thermogenesis is inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuek Jong Lee
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Yang
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Kim
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Pyo Hong
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Mo Kim
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
- Colleage of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gou Young Koh
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Cavallero S, Roustaei M, Satta S, Cho JM, Phan H, Baek KI, Blázquez-Medela AM, Gonzalez-Ramos S, Vu K, Park SK, Yokota T, Sumner JA, Mack JJ, Sigmund CD, Reddy ST, Li R, Hsiai TK. Exercise Mitigates Flow Recirculation and Activates Mechanosensitive Transcriptome to Uncover Endothelial SCD1-Catalyzed Anti-Inflammatory Metabolites. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.02.539172. [PMID: 37205360 PMCID: PMC10187200 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.02.539172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exercise modulates vascular plasticity in multiple organ systems; however, the metabolomic transducers underlying exercise and vascular protection in the disturbed flow-prone vasculature remain under-investigated. We simulated exercise-augmented pulsatile shear stress (PSS) to mitigate flow recirculation in the lesser curvature of the aortic arch. When human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were subjected to PSS ( τ ave = 50 dyne·cm -2 , ∂τ/∂t = 71 dyne·cm -2 ·s -1 , 1 Hz), untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD1) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) catalyzed the fatty acid metabolite, oleic acid (OA), to mitigate inflammatory mediators. Following 24 hours of exercise, wild-type C57BL/6J mice developed elevated SCD1-catalyzed lipid metabolites in the plasma, including OA and palmitoleic acid (PA). Exercise over a 2-week period increased endothelial SCD1 in the ER. Exercise further modulated the time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS or τ ave) and oscillatory shear index (OSI ave ), upregulated Scd1 and attenuated VCAM1 expression in the disturbed flow-prone aortic arch in Ldlr -/- mice on high-fat diet but not in Ldlr -/- Scd1 EC-/- mice. Scd1 overexpression via recombinant adenovirus also mitigated ER stress. Single cell transcriptomic analysis of the mouse aorta revealed interconnection of Scd1 with mechanosensitive genes, namely Irs2 , Acox1 and Adipor2 that modulate lipid metabolism pathways. Taken together, exercise modulates PSS ( τ ave and OSI ave ) to activate SCD1 as a metabolomic transducer to ameliorate inflammation in the disturbed flow-prone vasculature.
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42
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Gao H, Li Z, Liu Y, Zhao YK, Cheng C, Qiu F, Gao Y, Lu YW, Song XH, Wang JB, Ma ZT. A clinical experience-based Chinese herbal formula improves ethanol-induced drunken behavior and hepatic steatohepatitis in mice models. Chin Med 2023; 18:47. [PMID: 37127639 PMCID: PMC10150545 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bao-Gan-Xing-Jiu-Wan (BGXJW) is a clinical experience-based Chinese herbal formula. Its efficacy, pharmacological safety, targeted function, process quality, and other aspects have met the evaluation standards and the latest requirements of preparations. It could prevent and alleviate the symptoms of drunkenness and alcoholic liver injury clinically. The present work aims to elucidate whether BGXJW could protect against drunkenness and alcoholic liver disease in mice and explore the associated mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used acute-on-chronic (NIAAA) mice model to induce alcoholic steatosis, and alcohol binge-drinking model to reappear the drunk condition. BGXJW at indicated doses were administered by oral gavage respectively to analyze its effects on alcoholic liver injury and the associated molecular mechanisms. RESULTS BGXJW had no cardiac, hepatic, renal, or intestinal toxicity in mice. Alcoholic liver injury and steatosis in the NIAAA mode were effectively prevented by BGXJW treatment. BGXJW increased the expression of alcohol metabolizing enzymes ADH, CYP2E1, and ALDH2 to enhance alcohol metabolism, inhibited steatosis through regulating lipid metabolism, counteracted alcohol-induced upregulation of lipid synthesis related proteins SREBP1, FASN, and SCD1, meanwhile it enhanced fatty acids β-oxidation related proteins PPAR-α and CPT1A. Alcohol taken enhanced pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-6 and down-regulated the anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression in the liver, which were also reversed by BGXJW administration. Moreover, BGXJW significantly decreased the blood ethanol concentration and alleviated drunkenness in the alcohol binge-drinking mice model. CONCLUSIONS BGXJW could effectively relieve drunkenness and prevent alcoholic liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and alcohol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yong-Kang Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jincheng General Hospital, Jincheng, 048006, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xin-Hua Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhi-Tao Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Yao P, Zhang Z, Liu H, Jiang P, Li W, Du W. p53 protects against alcoholic fatty liver disease via ALDH2 inhibition. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112304. [PMID: 36825429 PMCID: PMC10106987 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is critical for tumor suppression, but the regulatory role of p53 in alcohol-induced fatty liver remains unclear. Here, we show a role for p53 in regulating ethanol metabolism via acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a key enzyme responsible for the oxidization of alcohol. By repressing ethanol oxidization, p53 suppresses intracellular levels of acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation, leading to the inhibition of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) gene expression. Mechanistically, p53 directly binds to ALDH2 and prevents the formation of its active tetramer and indirectly limits the production of pyruvate that promotes the activity of ALDH2. Notably, p53-deficient mice exhibit increased lipid accumulation, which can be reversed by ALDH2 depletion. Moreover, liver-specific knockdown of SCD1 alleviates ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis caused by p53 loss. By contrast, overexpression of SCD1 in liver promotes ethanol-induced fatty liver development in wild-type mice, while it has a mild effect on p53-/- or ALDH2-/- mice. Overall, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized function of p53 in alcohol-induced fatty liver and uncover pyruvate as a natural regulator of ALDH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hongchao Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Peng Jiang
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wenjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Janikiewicz J, Dobosz AM, Majzner K, Bernas T, Dobrzyn A. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency exacerbates palmitate-induced lipotoxicity by the formation of small lipid droplets in pancreatic β-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166711. [PMID: 37054998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The accelerating accumulation of surplus lipids in the pancreas triggers structural and functional changes in type 2 diabetes-affected islets. Pancreatic β-cells exhibit a restricted capacity to store fat reservoirs in lipid droplets (LDs), which act as transient buffers to prevent lipotoxic stress. With the increasing incidence of obesity, growing interest has been seen in the intracellular regulation of LD metabolism for β-cell function. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is critical for producing unsaturated fatty acyl moieties for fluent storage into and out of LDs, likely affecting the overall rate of β-cell survival. We explored LD-associated composition and remodeling in SCD1-deprived INS-1E cells and in pancreatic islets in wildtype and SCD1-/- mice in the lipotoxic milieu. Deficiency in the enzymatic activity of SCD1 led to decrease in the size and number of LDs and the lower accumulation of neutral lipids. This occurred in parallel with a higher compactness and lipid order inside LDs, followed by changes in the saturation status and composition of fatty acids within core lipids and the phospholipid coat. The lipidome of LDs was enriched in 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6 in β-cells and pancreatic islets. These rearrangements markedly contributed to differences in protein association with the LD surface. Our findings highlight an unexpected molecular mechanism by which SCD1 activity affects the morphology, composition and metabolism of LDs. We demonstrate that SCD1-dependent disturbances in LD enrichment can impact proper pancreatic β-cells and islet functioning, which may have considerable therapeutic value for the management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta M Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Cracow, Poland
| | - Tytus Bernas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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45
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Wang D, Zhang M, Xu J, Yang J. Uncarboxylated Osteocalcin Decreases SCD1 by Activating AMPK to Alleviate Hepatocyte Lipid Accumulation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073121. [PMID: 37049884 PMCID: PMC10095730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (GluOC), a small-molecule protein specifically synthesized and secreted by osteoblasts, is important in the regulation of energy metabolism. In our previous study, GluOC was shown to be effective in ameliorating dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in KKAy mice. However, the underlying mechanism of GluOC action on hepatocytes has not been well validated. In this study, oleic acid/palmitic acid (OA/PA)-induced HepG2 and NCTC 1469 cells were used as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cell models, and triacylglycerol (TG) levels were measured by oil red O staining, Nile Red staining, and ELISA. The fatty acid synthesis-related protein expression was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The results show that GluOC reduced triglyceride levels, and decreased the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and stearyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1). si-SCD1 mimicked the lipid accumulation-reducing effect of GluOC, while overexpression of SCD1 attenuated the effect of GluOC. In addition, GluOC activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation to affect lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. Overall, the results of this study suggest that GluOC decreases SCD1 by activating AMPK to alleviate hepatocyte lipid accumulation, which provides a new target for improving NAFLD in further research.
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Orosz G, Szabó L, Bereti S, Zámbó V, Csala M, Kereszturi É. Molecular Basis of Unequal Alternative Splicing of Human SCD5 and Its Alteration by Natural Genetic Variations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076517. [PMID: 37047490 PMCID: PMC10095032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a major means of post-transcriptional control of gene expression, and provides a dynamic versatility of protein isoforms. Cancer-related AS disorders have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic values. Changes in the expression and AS of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase-5 (SCD5) are promising specific tumor markers, although the transcript variants (TVs) of the gene have not yet been confirmed. Our in silico, in vitro and in vivo study focuses on the distribution of SCD5 TVs (A and B) in human tissues, the functionality of the relevant splice sites, and their modulation by certain single-nucleotide variations (SNVs). An order of magnitude higher SCD5A expression was found compared with SCD5B. This unequal splicing is attributed to a weaker recognition of the SCD5B-specific splicing acceptor site, based on predictions confirmed by an optimized minigene assay. The pronounced dominance of SCD5A was largely modified (rs1430176385_A, rs1011850309_A) or even inverted (rs1011850309_C) by natural SNVs at the TV-specific splice sites. Our results provide long missing data on the proportion of SCD5 TVs in human tissues and reveal mutation-driven changes in SCD5 AS, potentially affecting tumor-associated reprogramming of lipid metabolism, thus having prognostic significance, which may be utilized for novel and personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Orosz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szanna Bereti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Zámbó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Csala
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kereszturi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
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47
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Shen J, Wu G, Pierce BS, Tsai AL, Zhou M. Free ferrous ions sustain activity of mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533000. [PMID: 36993326 PMCID: PMC10055294 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) introduces a double-bond to a saturated long-chain fatty acid and the reaction is catalyzed by a diiron center, which is well-coordinated by conserved histidine residues and is thought to remain with enzyme. However, we find that SCD1 progressively loses its activity during catalysis and becomes fully inactive after nine turnovers. Further studies show that the inactivation of SCD1 is due to the loss of an iron (Fe) ion in the diiron center, and that the addition of free ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) sustains the enzymatic activity. Using SCD1 labeled with Fe isotope, we further show that free Fe 2+ is incorporated into the diiron center only during catalysis. We also discover that the diiron center in SCD1 has prominent electron paramagnetic resonance signals in its diferric state, indicative of distinct coupling between the two ferric ions. These results reveal that the diiron center in SCD1 is structurally dynamic during catalysis and that labile Fe 2+ in cells could regulate SCD1 activity, and hence lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Shen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brad S. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Ah-Lim Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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48
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Cui S, Ye J. A protein-lipid complex that detoxifies free fatty acids. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2200210. [PMID: 36585363 PMCID: PMC9974861 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are well known to serve as substrates for reactions that provide cells with membranes and energy. In contrast to these metabolic reactions, the physiological importance of FAs themselves known as free FAs (FFAs) in cells remains obscure. Since accumulation of FFAs in cells is toxic, cells must develop mechanisms to detoxify FFAs. One such mechanism is to sequester free polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) into a droplet-like structure assembled by Fas-Associated Factor 1 (FAF1), a cytosolic protein. This sequestration limits access of PUFAs to Fe2+ , thereby preventing Fe2+ -catalyzed PUFA peroxidation. Consequently, assembly of the FAF1-FFA complex is critical to protect cells from ferroptosis, a cell death pathway triggered by PUFA peroxidation. The observations that free PUFAs in cytosol are not randomly diffused but rather sequestered into a membraneless complex should open new directions to explore signaling pathways by which FFAs regulate cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Cui
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Heath H, Degreef K, Rosario R, Smith M, Mitchell I, Pilolla K, Phelan S, Brito A, La Frano MR. Identification of potential biomarkers and metabolic insights for gestational diabetes prevention: A review of evidence contrasting gestational diabetes versus weight loss studies that may direct future nutritional metabolomics studies. Nutrition 2023; 107:111898. [PMID: 36525799 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly increases maternal health risks and adverse effects for the offspring. Observational studies suggest that weight loss before pregnancy may be a promising GDM prevention method. Still, biochemical pathways linking preconception weight changes with subsequent development of GDM among women who are overweight or obese remain unclear. Metabolomic assessment is a powerful approach for understanding the global biochemical pathways linking preconception weight changes and subsequent GDM. We hypothesize that many of the alterations of metabolite levels associated with GDM will change in one direction in GDM studies but will change in the opposite direction in studies focusing on lifestyle interventions for weight loss. The present review summarizes available evidence from 21 studies comparing women with GDM with healthy participants and 12 intervention studies that investigated metabolite changes that occurred during weight loss using caloric restriction and behavioral interventions. We discuss 15 metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, amines, carbohydrates, and carbohydrate derivatives. Of particular note are the altered levels of branched-chain amino acids, alanine, palmitoleic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine 18:1, and hypoxanthine because of their mechanistic links to insulin resistance and weight change. Mechanisms that may explain how these metabolite modifications contribute to GDM development in those who are overweight or obese are proposed, including insulin resistance pathways. Future nutritional metabolomics preconception intervention studies in overweight or obese are necessary to investigate whether weight loss through lifestyle intervention can reduce GDM occurrence in association with these metabolite alterations and to test the value of these metabolites as potential diagnostic biomarkers of GDM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Heath
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Kelsey Degreef
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Rodrigo Rosario
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - MaryKate Smith
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Isabel Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Kari Pilolla
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California; Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Suzanne Phelan
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California; Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Alex Brito
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Health Care," I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael R La Frano
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California; Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California; Cal Poly Metabolomics Service Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
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50
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Yu C, Yang X, Jiang Q, Liu Z, Chen Y, Zang G, Huang W. SCD1 deficiency exacerbates osteoarthritis by inducing ferroptosis in chondrocytes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:171. [PMID: 36923091 PMCID: PMC10009576 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe joint disease that causes cartilage destruction and mobility loss. Abnormal fatty acid metabolism of chondrocytes plays a role in OA development. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the anabolism of unsaturated fatty acids. This study aimed to investigate the role of the SCD1 protein in the degenerative process of OA. Methods The GSE176199 gene expression profile dataset was analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). An animal model of OA was established using C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) (n=40) and SCD1 knockout (SCD1-KO) (n=20) mice. The histological scoring method of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) was used to quantify the degree of cartilage degeneration. The expression of SCD1 protein and relevant ferroptosis indicators were evaluated. Results The GSEA analysis showed that unsaturated fatty acid synthesis was inhibited in human OA chondrocytes. Meanwhile, the expression of SCD1 protein was significantly reduced in human OA articular cartilage. SCD1-KO mice exhibited early OA and accelerated cartilage loss after destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA. Furthermore, we found that the SCD1-PPARG axis regulates articular cartilage homeostasis via a mechanism involving the induction of ferroptosis-related gene expression in ATDC5 chondrocytes. Conclusions SCD1 deficiency exacerbates OA by inducing ferroptosis in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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