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Xu Y, Han J, Fan Z, Liang S. Transcriptomics explores potential mechanisms for the development of Primary Sjogren's syndrome to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in B cells. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:53. [PMID: 39080525 PMCID: PMC11287849 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is a prevalent autoimmune disease. The immune dysregulation it causes often leads to the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in clinical practice. However, how it contributes to these two disorders at the molecular level is not yet known. This study explored the potential molecular mechanisms associated with the differences between DLBCL and pSS. PATIENTS AND METHODS Gene expression matrices from discovery cohort 1, discovery cohort 2, and the validation cohort were downloaded from the GEO and TCGA databases. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify the coexpression modules of DLBCL and pSS in discovery cohort 1 and obtain shared genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses and PPI network analysis were performed on the shared genes. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were intersected with shared genes to obtain common genes. Afterward, common genes were identified via machine learning methods. The immune infiltration analysis, miRNA-TF-hub gene regulatory chart, gene interactions of the hub genes, and gene‒drug target analysis were performed. Finally, STAT1 was identified as a possible essential gene by the above analysis, and immune infiltration and GSEA pathway analyses were performed in the high- and low-expression groups in discovery cohort 2. The diagnostic efficacy of the hub genes was assessed in the validation cohort, and clinical samples were collected for validation. RESULTS By WGCNA, one modular gene in each group was considered highly associated with the disease, and we obtained 28 shared genes. Enrichment analysis revealed shared genes involved in the viral response and regulation. We obtained four hub genes (ISG20, STAT1, TLR7, and RSAD2) via the algorithm. Hub genes and similar genes are primarily involved in regulating type I IFNs. The construction of a miRNA-TF-hub gene regulatory chart revealed that hsa-mir-155-5p, hsa-mir-146b-5p, hsa-mir-21-3p, and hsa-mir-126-3p play essential roles in both diseases. Hub genes were differentially expressed in B-cell memory according to immune infiltration analysis. Hub genes had a strong diagnostic effect on both diseases. STAT1 plays an essential role in immune cells in both diseases. CONCLUSION We identified hub susceptibility genes for DLBCL and pSS and identified hub genes and potential therapeutic targets that may act as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Department of Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jianxing Han
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Fan
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Liang
- Department of Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China.
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2
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Choi JH, Luo J, Hesketh GG, Guo S, Pistofidis A, Ladak RJ, An Y, Naeli P, Alain T, Schmeing TM, Gingras AC, Duchaine T, Zhang X, Sonenberg N, Jafarnejad SM. Repression of mRNA translation initiation by GIGYF1 via disrupting the eIF3-eIF4G1 interaction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl5638. [PMID: 39018414 PMCID: PMC466957 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl5638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Viruses can selectively repress the translation of mRNAs involved in the antiviral response. RNA viruses exploit the Grb10-interacting GYF (glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine) proteins 2 (GIGYF2) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) homologous protein 4EHP to selectively repress the translation of transcripts such as Ifnb1, which encodes the antiviral cytokine interferon-β (IFN-β). Herein, we reveal that GIGYF1, a paralog of GIGYF2, robustly represses cellular mRNA translation through a distinct 4EHP-independent mechanism. Upon recruitment to a target mRNA, GIGYF1 binds to subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) at the eIF3-eIF4G1 interaction interface. This interaction disrupts the eIF3 binding to eIF4G1, resulting in transcript-specific translational repression. Depletion of GIGYF1 induces a robust immune response by derepressing IFN-β production. Our study highlights a unique mechanism of translational regulation by GIGYF1 that involves sequestering eIF3 and abrogating its binding to eIF4G1. This mechanism has profound implications for the host response to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Choi
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Jun Luo
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Geoffrey G. Hesketh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Shuyue Guo
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Angelos Pistofidis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Reese Jalal Ladak
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Yuxin An
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Parisa Naeli
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - T. Martin Schmeing
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Thomas Duchaine
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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3
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Liu X, Tang J, Wang Z, Zhu C, Deng H, Sun X, Yu G, Rong F, Chen X, Liao Q, Jia S, Liu W, Zha H, Fan S, Cai X, Gui JF, Xiao W. Oxygen enhances antiviral innate immunity through maintenance of EGLN1-catalyzed proline hydroxylation of IRF3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3533. [PMID: 38670937 PMCID: PMC11053110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is essential for aerobic organisms, but little is known about its role in antiviral immunity. Here, we report that during responses to viral infection, hypoxic conditions repress antiviral-responsive genes independently of HIF signaling. EGLN1 is identified as a key mediator of the oxygen enhancement of antiviral innate immune responses. Under sufficient oxygen conditions, EGLN1 retains its prolyl hydroxylase activity to catalyze the hydroxylation of IRF3 at proline 10. This modification enhances IRF3 phosphorylation, dimerization and nuclear translocation, leading to subsequent IRF3 activation. Furthermore, mice and zebrafish with Egln1 deletion, treatment with the EGLN inhibitor FG4592, or mice carrying an Irf3 P10A mutation are more susceptible to viral infections. These findings not only reveal a direct link between oxygen and antiviral responses, but also provide insight into the mechanisms by which oxygen regulates innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chunchun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xueyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guangqing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fangjing Rong
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liao
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuke Jia
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huangyuan Zha
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Sijia Fan
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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4
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Zannikou M, Fish EN, Platanias LC. Signaling by Type I Interferons in Immune Cells: Disease Consequences. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1600. [PMID: 38672681 PMCID: PMC11049350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses interferon (IFN) signaling in immune cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and examines how this affects cancer progression. The data reveal that IFNs exert dual roles in cancers, dependent on the TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor activity and promoting cancer progression. We discuss the abnormal IFN signaling induced by cancerous cells that alters immune responses to permit their survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Zannikou
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eleanor N. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada;
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 S. Damen Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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5
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Gao F, Lin W, Wang X, Liao M, Zhang M, Qin N, Chen X, Xia L, Chen Q, Sha O. Identification of receptors and factors associated with human coronaviruses in the oral cavity using single-cell RNA sequencing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28280. [PMID: 38560173 PMCID: PMC10981076 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) ravaged the world, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibited highly prevalent oral symptoms that had significantly impacted the lives of affected patients. However, the involvement of four human coronavirus (HCoVs), namely SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E, in oral cavity infections remained poorly understood. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of seven human oral tissues through consistent normalization procedure, including minor salivary gland (MSG), parotid gland (PG), tongue, gingiva, buccal, periodontium and pulp. The Seurat, scDblFinder, Harmony, SingleR, Ucell and scCancer packages were comprehensively used for analysis. We identified specific cell clusters and generated expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus-associated receptors and factors (SCARFs) in seven oral regions, providing direction for predicting the tropism of four HCoVs for oral tissues, as well as for dental clinical treatment. Based on our analysis, it appears that various SCARFs, including ACE2, ASGR1, KREMEN1, DPP4, ANPEP, CD209, CLEC4G/M, TMPRSS family proteins (including TMPRSS2, TMPRSS4, and TMPRSS11A), and FURIN, are expressed at low levels in the oral cavity. Conversely, BSG, CTSB, and CTSL exhibit enrichment in oral tissues. Our study also demonstrates widespread expression of restriction factors, particularly IFITM1-3 and LY6E, in oral cells. Additionally, some replication, assembly, and trafficking factors appear to exhibit broad oral tissues expression patterns. Overall, the oral cavity could potentially serve as a high-risk site for SARS-CoV-2 infection, while displaying a comparatively lower degree of susceptibility towards other HCoVs (including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E). Specifically, MSG, tongue, and gingiva represent potential sites of vulnerability for four HCoVs infection, with the MSG exhibiting a particularly high susceptibility. However, the expression patterns of SCARFs in other oral sites demonstrate relatively intricate and may only be specifically associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study sheds light on the mechanisms of HCoVs infection in the oral cavity as well as gains insight into the characteristics and distribution of possible HCoVs target cells in oral tissues, providing potential therapeutic targets for HCoVs infection in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Dental Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiming Lin
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfeng Liao
- The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nianhong Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianxiong Chen
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ou Sha
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Dental Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Homma H, Yoshioka Y, Fujita K, Shirai S, Hama Y, Komano H, Saito Y, Yabe I, Okano H, Sasaki H, Tanaka H, Okazawa H. Dynamic molecular network analysis of iPSC-Purkinje cells differentiation delineates roles of ISG15 in SCA1 at the earliest stage. Commun Biol 2024; 7:413. [PMID: 38594382 PMCID: PMC11003991 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of the earliest molecular pathologies of all neurodegenerative diseases is expected to improve human therapeutics. We investigated the earliest molecular pathology of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a rare familial neurodegenerative disease that primarily induces death and dysfunction of cerebellum Purkinje cells. Extensive prior studies have identified involvement of transcription or RNA-splicing factors in the molecular pathology of SCA1. However, the regulatory network of SCA1 pathology, especially central regulators of the earliest developmental stages and inflammatory events, remains incompletely understood. Here, we elucidated the earliest developmental pathology of SCA1 using originally developed dynamic molecular network analyses of sequentially acquired RNA-seq data during differentiation of SCA1 patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to Purkinje cells. Dynamic molecular network analysis implicated histone genes and cytokine-relevant immune response genes at the earliest stages of development, and revealed relevance of ISG15 to the following degradation and accumulation of mutant ataxin-1 in Purkinje cells of SCA1 model mice and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Homma
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kyota Fujita
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuka Hama
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hajime Komano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidenao Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hikari Tanaka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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Tanaka T, Kudo K, Kanezaki R, Yuzawa K, Toki T, Okuse R, Kobayashi A, Sato T, Kamio T, Terui K, Ito E. Antileukemic effect of azacitidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, on cell lines of myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome. Exp Hematol 2024; 132:104179. [PMID: 38342295 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome (ML-DS) responds well to chemotherapy and has a favorable prognosis, but the clinical outcome of patients with refractory or relapsed ML-DS is dismal. We recently reported a case of relapsed ML-DS with an effective response to a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, azacitidine (AZA). However, the efficacy of AZA for refractory or relapsed ML-DS remains uncertain. Here, we investigated the effects and mechanism of action of AZA on three ML-DS cell lines derived from relapsed cases. AZA inhibited the proliferation of all examined ML-DS cell lines to the same extent as that of AZA-sensitive acute myeloid leukemia non-Down syndrome cell lines. Transient low-dose AZA treatment exerted durable antileukemic effects on ML-DS cells. The inhibitory effect included cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and reduction of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Comprehensive differential gene expression analysis showed that AZA induced megakaryocytic differentiation in all ML-DS cell lines examined. Furthermore, AZA induced activation of type I interferon-stimulated genes, primarily involved in antiproliferation signaling, without stimulation of the interferon receptor-mediated autocrine system. Activation of the type I interferon pathway by stimulation with interferon-α exerted antiproliferative effects on ML-DS cells, suggesting that AZA exerts its antileukemic effects on ML-DS cells at least partially through the type I interferon pathway. Moreover, the effect of AZA on normal hematopoiesis did not differ significantly between individuals with non-Down syndrome and Down syndrome. In summary, this study suggests that AZA is a potentially effective treatment option for ML-DS disease control, including relapsed cases, and has reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ko Kudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Rika Kanezaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yuzawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Toki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Okuse
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Akie Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takuya Kamio
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kiminori Terui
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan; Department of Community Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
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8
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Ye G, Zhang Z, Liu X, Liu H, Chen W, Feng C, Li J, Zhou Q, Zhao D, Zhang S, Chen H, Bu Z, Huang L, Weng C. African swine fever virus pH240R enhances viral replication via inhibition of the type I IFN signaling pathway. J Virol 2024; 98:e0183423. [PMID: 38353534 PMCID: PMC10949494 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01834-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, hemorrhagic, and severe infectious disease caused by ASF virus (ASFV) infection. At present, there are still no safe and effective drugs and vaccines to prevent ASF. Mining the important proteins encoded by ASFV that affect the virulence and replication of ASFV is the key to developing effective vaccines and drugs. In this study, ASFV pH240R, a capsid protein of ASFV, was found to inhibit the type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. Mechanistically, pH240R interacted with IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 to disrupt the interaction of IFNAR1-TYK2 and IFNAR2-JAK1. Additionally, pH240R inhibited the phosphorylation of IFNAR1, TYK2, and JAK1 induced by IFN-α, resulting in the suppression of the nuclear import of STAT1 and STAT2 and the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Consistent with these results, H240R-deficient ASFV (ASFV-∆H240R) infection induced more ISGs in porcine alveolar macrophages compared with its parental ASFV HLJ/18. We also found that pH240R enhanced viral replication via inhibition of ISGs expression. Taken together, our results clarify that pH240R enhances ASFV replication by inhibiting the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which highlights the possibility of pH240R as a potential drug target.IMPORTANCEThe innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against pathogen infection, which has been reported to affect the replication and virulence of African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates. Identification of ASFV-encoded proteins that affect the virulence and replication of ASFV is the key step in developing more effective vaccines and drugs. In this study, we found that pH240R interacted with IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 by disrupting the interaction of IFNAR1-TYK2 and IFNAR2-JAK1, resulting in the suppression of the expression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs). Consistent with these results, H240R-deficient ASFV (ASFV-∆H240R) infection induces more ISGs' expression compared with its parental ASFV HLJ/18. We also found that pH240R enhanced viral replication via inhibition of ISGs' expression. Taken together, our findings showed that pH240R enhances ASFV replication by inhibiting the IFN-JAK-STAT axis, which highlights the possibility of pH240R as a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Ye
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Weiye Chen
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chunying Feng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhou
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Dongming Zhao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hefeng Chen
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Li Huang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Changjiang Weng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
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9
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Uppala R, Sarkar MK, Young KZ, Ma F, Vemulapalli P, Wasikowski R, Plazyo O, Swindell WR, Maverakis E, Gharaee-Kermani M, Billi AC, Tsoi LC, Kahlenberg JM, Gudjonsson JE. HERC6 regulates STING activity in a sex-biased manner through modulation of LATS2/VGLL3 Hippo signaling. iScience 2024; 27:108986. [PMID: 38327798 PMCID: PMC10847730 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) activity exhibits a gender bias in human skin, skewed toward females. We show that HERC6, an IFN-induced E3 ubiquitin ligase, is induced in human keratinocytes through the epidermal type I IFN; IFN-κ. HERC6 knockdown in human keratinocytes results in enhanced induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) upon treatment with a double-stranded (ds) DNA STING activator cGAMP but not in response to the RNA-sensing TLR3 agonist. Keratinocytes lacking HERC6 exhibit sustained STING-TBK1 signaling following cGAMP stimulation through modulation of LATS2 and TBK1 activity, unmasking more robust ISG responses in female keratinocytes. This enhanced female-biased immune response with loss of HERC6 depends on VGLL3, a regulator of type I IFN signature. These data identify HERC6 as a previously unrecognized negative regulator of ISG expression specific to dsDNA sensing and establish it as a regulator of female-biased immune responses through modulation of STING signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjitha Uppala
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mrinal K. Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kelly Z. Young
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Rachael Wasikowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Olesya Plazyo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William R. Swindell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mehrnaz Gharaee-Kermani
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Allison C. Billi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lam C. Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - J. Michelle Kahlenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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10
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Puray-Chavez M, LaPak KM, Jasuja R, Pan J, Xu J, Eschbach JE, Mohammed S, Lawson DQ, Wang Q, Brody SL, Major MB, Goldfarb D, Kutluay SB. A basally active cGAS-STING pathway limits SARS-CoV-2 replication in a subset of ACE2 positive airway cell models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.07.574522. [PMID: 38260460 PMCID: PMC10802478 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.07.574522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Host factors that define the cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 beyond the cognate ACE2 receptor are poorly defined. From a screen of human airway derived cell lines that express varying levels of ACE2/TMPRSS2, we found a subset that express comparably high endogenous levels of ACE2 but surprisingly did not support SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here we report that this resistance is mediated by a basally active cGAS-STING pathway culminating in interferon (IFN)-mediated restriction of SARS-CoV-2 replication at a post-entry step. Pharmacological inhibition of JAK1/2, depletion of the IFN-α receptor and cGAS-STING pathway effectors substantially increased SARS-CoV-2 replication in these cell models. While depletion of cGAS or STING was sufficient to reduce the preexisting levels of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), SARS-CoV-2 infection in STING knockout cells independently induced ISG expression. Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2-induced ISG expression in STING knockout cell as well as in primary human airway cultures was limited to uninfected bystander cells, demonstrating efficient antagonism of the type I/III IFN-pathway, but not viral sensing or IFN production, in productively infected cells. Of note, SARS-CoV-2-infected primary human airway cells also displayed markedly lower levels of STING expression, raising the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 can target STING expression or preferentially infect cells that express low levels of STING. Finally, ectopic ACE2 overexpression overcame the IFN-mediated blocks, suggesting the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to overcome these possibly saturable blocks to infection. Our study highlights that in addition to viral receptors, basal activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and innate immune defenses may contribute to defining SARS-CoV-2 cellular tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza Puray-Chavez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyle M LaPak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ria Jasuja
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jiehong Pan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jenna E Eschbach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shawn Mohammed
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dana Q Lawson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qibo Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven L Brody
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael B Major
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dennis Goldfarb
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science & Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sebla B Kutluay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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11
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Rodon J, Te N, Ballester M, Segalés J, Vergara-Alert J, Bensaid A. Quantification of camelid cytokine mRNA expression in PBMCs by microfluidic qPCR technology. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 149:105061. [PMID: 37717710 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Camelids are economically and socially important in several parts of the world and might carry pathogens with epizootic or zoonotic potential. However, biological research in these species is limited due to lack of reagents. Here, we developed RT-qPCR assays to quantify a panel of camelid innate and adaptive immune response genes, which can be monitored in a single run. The assays were validated with PHA, PMA-ionomycin, and Poly I:C-stimulated PBMCs from alpaca, dromedary camel and llama, including normalization by multiple reference genes. Further, comparative gene expression analyses for the different camelid species were performed by a unique microfluidic qPCR assay. Compared to unstimulated controls, PHA and PMA-ionomycin stimulation elicited robust Th1 and Th2 responses in PBMCs from camelid species. Additional activation of type I and type III IFN signalling pathways was described exclusively in PHA-stimulated dromedary lymphocytes, in contrast to those from alpaca and llama. We also found that PolyI:C stimulation induced robust antiviral response genes in alpaca PBMCs. The proposed methodology should be useful for the measurement of immune responses to infection or vaccination in camelid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Rodon
- Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Nigeer Te
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Maria Ballester
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), 08140, Caldes de Montbui, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Department de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Júlia Vergara-Alert
- Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Albert Bensaid
- Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
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12
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Navarro HI, Liu Y, Fraser A, Lefaudeux D, Chia JJ, Vong L, Roifman CM, Hoffmann A. RelB-deficient autoinflammatory pathology presents as interferonopathy, but in mice is interferon-independent. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1261-1272. [PMID: 37460023 PMCID: PMC10858800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases are leading causes of ill health and morbidity and have diverse etiology. Two signaling pathways are key drivers of autoimmune pathology, interferon and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/RelA, defining the 2 broad labels of interferonopathies and relopathies. Prior work has established that genetic loss of function of the NF-κB subunit RelB leads to autoimmune and inflammatory pathology in mice and humans. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize RelB-deficient autoimmunity by unbiased profiling of the responses of immune sentinel cells to stimulus and to determine the functional role of dysregulated gene programs in the RelB-deficient pathology. METHODS Transcriptomic profiling was performed on fibroblasts and dendritic cells derived from patients with RelB deficiency and knockout mice, and transcriptomic responses and pathology were assessed in mice deficient in both RelB and the type I interferon receptor. RESULTS We found that loss of RelB in patient-derived fibroblasts and mouse myeloid cells results in elevated induction of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes. Removing hyperexpression of the interferon-stimulated gene program did not ameliorate the autoimmune pathology of RelB knockout mice. Instead, we found that RelB suppresses a different set of inflammatory response genes in a manner that is independent of interferon signaling but associated with NF-κB binding motifs. CONCLUSION Although transcriptomic profiling would describe RelB-deficient autoimmune disease as an interferonopathy, the genetic evidence indicates that the pathology in mice is interferon-independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor I Navarro
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; DeepKinase Biotechnologies, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Fraser
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Diane Lefaudeux
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jennifer J Chia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Linda Vong
- Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Immunogenomic Laboratory, Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunology/Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chaim M Roifman
- Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Immunogenomic Laboratory, Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunology/Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, Calif; Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Los Angeles, Calif.
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13
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Ye G, Liu H, Liu X, Chen W, Li J, Zhao D, Wang G, Feng C, Zhang Z, Zhou Q, Zheng J, Bu Z, Weng C, Huang L. African Swine Fever Virus H240R Protein Inhibits the Production of Type I Interferon through Disrupting the Oligomerization of STING. J Virol 2023; 97:e0057723. [PMID: 37199611 PMCID: PMC10537660 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00577-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease in domestic pigs and wild boars. Domestic pigs infected with virulent African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates have a high mortality, approaching 100%. Identification of ASFV genes related to virulence/pathogenicity and deletion of them are considered to be key steps in the development of live attenuated vaccines, because the ability of ASFV to escape host innate immune responses is related to viral pathogenicity. However, the relationship between the host antiviral innate immune responses and the pathogenic genes of ASFV has not been fully understood. In this study, the ASFV H240R protein (pH240R), a capsid protein of ASFV, was found to inhibit type I interferon (IFN) production. Mechanistically, pH240R interacted with the N-terminal transmembrane domain of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and inhibited its oligomerization and translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Additionally, pH240R inhibited the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), leading to reduced production of type I IFN. Consistent with these results, infection with H240R-deficient ASFV (ASFV-ΔH240R) induced more type I IFN than infection with its parental strain, ASFV HLJ/18. We also found that pH240R may enhance viral replication via inhibition of type I IFN production and the antiviral effect of interferon alpha (IFN-α). Taken together, our findings provide a new explanation for the reduction of ASFV's replication ability by knockout of the H240R gene and a clue for the development of live attenuated ASFV vaccines. IMPORTANCE African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality, approaching 100% in domestic pigs. However, the relationship between viral pathogenicity and immune evasion of ASFV is not fully understood, which limits the development of safe and effective ASF vaccines, specifically, live attenuated vaccines. In this study, we found that pH240R, as a potent antagonist, inhibited type I IFN production by targeting STING and inhibiting its oligomerization and translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, we also found that deletion of the H240R gene reduced viral pathogenicity by enhancing type I IFN production, which decreases ASFV replication. Taken together, our findings provide a clue for the development of an ASFV live attenuated vaccine via deleting the H240R gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Ye
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Weiye Chen
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Dongming Zhao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chunying Feng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhou
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Changjiang Weng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Li Huang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
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14
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Wang Y, Li P, Xu L, de Vries AC, Rottier RJ, Wang W, Crombag MRB, Peppelenbosch MP, Kainov DE, Pan Q. Combating pan-coronavirus infection by indomethacin through simultaneously inhibiting viral replication and inflammatory response. iScience 2023; 26:107631. [PMID: 37664584 PMCID: PMC10474465 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe infections with coronaviruses are often accompanied with hyperinflammation, requiring therapeutic strategies to simultaneously tackle the virus and inflammation. By screening a safe-in-human broad-spectrum antiviral agents library, we identified that indomethacin can inhibit pan-coronavirus infection in human cell and airway organoids models. Combining indomethacin with oral antiviral drugs authorized for treating COVID-19 results in synergistic anti-coronavirus activity. Coincidentally, screening a library of FDA-approved drugs identified indomethacin as the most potent potentiator of interferon response through increasing STAT1 phosphorylation. Combining indomethacin with interferon-alpha exerted synergistic antiviral effects against multiple coronaviruses. The anti-coronavirus activity of indomethacin is associated with activating interferon response. In a co-culture system of lung epithelial cells with macrophages, indomethacin inhibited both viral replication and inflammatory response. Collectively, indomethacin is a pan-coronavirus inhibitor that can simultaneously inhibit virus-triggered inflammatory response. The therapeutic potential of indomethacin can be further augmented by combining it with oral antiviral drugs or interferon-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Annemarie C. de Vries
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert J. Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wenshi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Marie-Rose B.S. Crombag
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Denis E. Kainov
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Wu H, Huang XY, Sun MX, Wang Y, Zhou HY, Tian Y, He B, Li K, Li DY, Wu AP, Wang H, Qin CF. Zika virus targets human trophoblast stem cells and prevents syncytialization in placental trophoblast organoids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5541. [PMID: 37684223 PMCID: PMC10491779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy threatens pregnancy and fetal health. However, the infectivity and pathological effects of ZIKV on placental trophoblast progenitor cells in early human embryos remain largely unknown. Here, using human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs), we demonstrated that hTSCs were permissive to ZIKV infection, and resistance to ZIKV increased with hTSC differentiation. Combining gene knockout and transcriptome analysis, we demonstrated that the intrinsic expression of AXL and TIM-1, and the absence of potent interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) and IFNs contributed to the high sensitivity of hTSCs to ZIKV. Furthermore, using our newly developed hTSC-derived trophoblast organoid (hTSC-organoid), we demonstrated that ZIKV infection disrupted the structure of mature hTSC-organoids and inhibited syncytialization. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) further demonstrated that ZIKV infection of hTSC-organoids disrupted the stemness of hTSCs and the proliferation of cytotrophoblast cells (CTBs) and probably led to a preeclampsia (PE) phenotype. Overall, our results clearly demonstrate that hTSCs represent the major target cells of ZIKV, and a reduced syncytialization may result from ZIKV infection of early developing placenta. These findings deepen our understanding of the characteristics and consequences of ZIKV infection of hTSCs in early human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xing-Yao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Meng-Xu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Beijia He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - De-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ai-Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
- Research Unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
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16
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Cho S, Chun Y, He L, Ramirez CB, Ganesh KS, Jeong K, Song J, Cheong JG, Li Z, Choi J, Kim J, Koundouros N, Ding F, Dephoure N, Jang C, Blenis J, Lee G. FAM120A couples SREBP-dependent transcription and splicing of lipogenesis enzymes downstream of mTORC1. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3010-3026.e8. [PMID: 37595559 PMCID: PMC10494788 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a master regulator of cell growth that stimulates macromolecule synthesis through transcription, RNA processing, and post-translational modification of metabolic enzymes. However, the mechanisms of how mTORC1 orchestrates multiple steps of gene expression programs remain unclear. Here, we identify family with sequence similarity 120A (FAM120A) as a transcription co-activator that couples transcription and splicing of de novo lipid synthesis enzymes downstream of mTORC1-serine/arginine-rich protein kinase 2 (SRPK2) signaling. The mTORC1-activated SRPK2 phosphorylates splicing factor serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), enhancing its binding to FAM120A. FAM120A directly interacts with a lipogenic transcription factor SREBP1 at active promoters, thereby bridging the newly transcribed lipogenic genes from RNA polymerase II to the SRSF1 and U1-70K-containing RNA-splicing machinery. This mTORC1-regulated, multi-protein complex promotes efficient splicing and stability of lipogenic transcripts, resulting in fatty acid synthesis and cancer cell proliferation. These results elucidate FAM120A as a critical transcription co-factor that connects mTORC1-dependent gene regulation programs for anabolic cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yujin Chun
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Long He
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cuauhtemoc B Ramirez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kripa S Ganesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyungjo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junho Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Cheong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhongchi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joohwan Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nikos Koundouros
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fangyuan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Synthetic Biology, and Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - John Blenis
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gina Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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17
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Cui Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Gong B, Al-Ward H, Deng Y, Fan O, Wang J, Zhu W, Sun YE. Exploring the shared molecular mechanisms between systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjögren's syndrome based on integrated bioinformatics and single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212330. [PMID: 37614232 PMCID: PMC10442653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are common systemic autoimmune diseases that share a wide range of clinical manifestations and serological features. This study investigates genes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors (TFs) shared between SLE and pSS. Methods Gene expression profiles of SLE and pSS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis were conducted to identify shared genes related to SLE and pSS. Overlapping genes were then subject to Gene Ontology (GO) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Cytoscape plugins cytoHubba and iRegulon were subsequently used to screen shared hub genes and predict TFs. In addition, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and CIBERSORTx were used to calculate the correlations between hub genes and immune cells as well as related pathways. To confirm these results, hub genes and TFs were verified in microarray and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. Results Following WGCNA and limma analysis, 152 shared genes were identified. These genes were involved in interferon (IFN) response and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. Moreover, we screened six shared genes, namely IFI44L, ISG15, IFIT1, USP18, RSAD2 and ITGB2, out of which three genes, namely IFI44L, ISG15 and ITGB2 were found to be highly expressed in both microarray and scRNA-seq datasets. IFN response and ITGB2 signaling pathway were identified as potentially relevant pathways. In addition, STAT1 and IRF7 were identified as common TFs in both diseases. Conclusion This study revealed IFI44L, ISG15 and ITGB2 as the shared genes and identified STAT1 and IRF7 as the common TFs of SLE and pSS. Notably, the IFN response and ITGB2 signaling pathway played vital roles in both diseases. Our study revealed common pathogenetic characteristics of SLE and pSS. The particular roles of these pivotal genes and mutually overlapping pathways may provide a basis for further mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Cui
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huina Zhang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangdong Gong
- Division of Rheumatology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hisham Al-Ward
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxuan Deng
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Orion Fan
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbang Wang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenmin Zhu
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Gomes JA, Sgarioni E, Kowalski TW, Giudicelli GC, Recamonde-Mendoza M, Fraga LR, Schüler-Faccini L, Vianna FSL. Downregulation of Microcephaly-Causing Genes as a Mechanism for ZIKV Teratogenesis: A Meta-analysis of RNA-Seq Studies. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:566-577. [PMID: 37428363 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a neurotropic teratogen that causes congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), characterized by brain and eye anomalies. Impaired gene expression in neural cells after ZIKV infection has been demonstrated; however, there is a gap in the literature of studies comparing whether the differentially expressed genes in such cells are similar and how it can cause CZS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the differential gene expression (DGE) after ZIKV infection in neural cells through a meta-analysis approach. Through the GEO database, studies that evaluated DGE in cells exposed to the Asian lineage of ZIKV versus cells, of the same type, not exposed were searched. From the 119 studies found, five meet our inclusion criteria. Raw data of them were retrieved, pre-processed, and evaluated. The meta-analysis was carried out by comparing seven datasets, from these five studies. We found 125 upregulated genes in neural cells, mainly interferon-stimulated genes, such as IFI6, ISG15, and OAS2, involved in the antiviral response. Furthermore, 167 downregulated, involved with cellular division. Among these downregulated genes, classic microcephaly-causing genes stood out, such as CENPJ, ASPM, CENPE, and CEP152, demonstrating a possible mechanism by which ZIKV impairs brain development and causes CZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Gomes
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Eduarda Sgarioni
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thayne W Kowalski
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- CESUCA - Centro Universitário, Cachoeirinha, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giovanna C Giudicelli
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza
- Núcleo de Bioinformática, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto de Informática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Fraga
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schüler-Faccini
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S L Vianna
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica (LMG), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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19
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Fu Y, Tang R, Zhao X. Engineering cytokines for cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1218082. [PMID: 37483629 PMCID: PMC10357296 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1218082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are pivotal mediators of cell communication in the tumor microenvironment. Multiple cytokines are involved in the host antitumor response, but the production and function of these cytokines are usually dysregulated during malignant tumor progression. Considering their clinical potential and the early successful use of cytokines in cancer immunotherapy, such as interferon alpha-2b (IFNα-2b; IntronA®) and IL-2 (Proleukin®), cytokine-based therapeutics have been extensively evaluated in many follow-up clinical trials. Following these initial breakthroughs, however, clinical translation of these natural messenger molecules has been greatly limited owing to their high-degree pleiotropic features and complex biological properties in many cell types. These characteristics, coupled with poor pharmacokinetics (a short half-life), have hampered the delivery of cytokines via systemic administration, particularly because of severe dose-limiting toxicities. New engineering approaches have been developed to widen the therapeutic window, prolong pharmacokinetic effects, enhance tumor targeting and reduce adverse effects, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we focus on the recent progress and competitive landscape in cytokine engineering strategies and preclinical/clinical therapeutics for cancer. In addition, aiming to promote engineered cytokine-based cancer immunotherapy, we present a profound discussion about the feasibility of recently developed methods in clinical medicine translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Renhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- Simcere Zaiming Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Nanjing, China
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20
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Wu X, Yang W, Cheng JG, Luo Y, Fu WL, Zhou L, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhong ZJ, Yang ZX, Yao XP, Ren MS, Li YM, Liu J, Ding H, Chen JN. Molecular cloning, prokaryotic expression and its application potential evaluation of interferon (IFN)-ω of forest musk deer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10625. [PMID: 37391585 PMCID: PMC10313714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) are currently a threatened species under conservation, and the development of captive populations is restricted by health problems. To evaluate the application potential of interferon (IFN)-ω in the prevention and control of forest musk deer disease, 5 forest musk deer IFN-ω (fmdIFNω) gene sequences were successfully obtained by homologous cloning method for the first time. FmdIFNω5 was selected and recombinant fmdIFNω protein (rIFNω) was successfully expressed by pGEX-6P-1 plasmid and E. coli expression system. The obtained protein was used to stimulate forest musk deer lung fibroblasts cells FMD-C1 to determine its regulatory effect on interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition, an indirect ELISA method based on anti-rIFNω serum was established to detect endogenous IFN-ω levels in 8 forest musk deer. The results showed that there were 18 amino acid differences among the 5 fmdIFNω subtypes, all of which had the basic structure to exert the activity of type I IFN and were close to Cervus elaphus IFN-ω in the phylogenetic tree. The protein expressed was 48 kDa, and the transcription levels of all ISGs were increased in FMD-C1 cells stimulated by rIFNω, and the amount of transcription accumulation was time-dependent. Meanwhile, Anti-rIFNω serum of mice could react with both rIFNω and forest musk deer serum, and the OD450nm value of forest musk deer serum with the most obvious symptoms was the highest, suggesting that the level of natural IFN-ω in different forest musk deer could be monitored by the rIFNω-based ELISA method. These results indicate that fmdIFNω has the potential as an antiviral drug and an early indication of innate immunity, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of forest musk deer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Cheng
- Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Dujiangyan, 611830, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Wen-Long Fu
- Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Dujiangyan, 611830, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Dujiangyan, 611830, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Dujiangyan, 611830, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ze-Xiao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Ping Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei-Shen Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi-Meng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia-Nan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
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21
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Xing J, Hu C, Che S, Lan Y, Huang L, Liu L, Yin Y, Li H, Liao M, Qi W. USP1-Associated Factor 1 Modulates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication by Governing Autophagy and Interferon-Stimulated Genes. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0318622. [PMID: 36988464 PMCID: PMC10269463 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03186-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a typical mosquito-borne flavivirus that can cause central nervous system diseases in humans and animals. Host factors attempt to limit virus replication when the viruses invade the host by using various strategies for replication. It is essential to clarify the host factors that affect the life cycle of JEV and explore its underlying mechanism. Here, we found that USP1-associated factor 1 (UAF1; also known as WD repeat-containing protein 48) modulated JEV replication. We found that JEV propagation significantly increased in UAF1-depleted Huh7 cells. Moreover, we found that knockdown of UAF1 activated cell autophagic flux in further functional analysis. Subsequently, we demonstrated that autophagy can be induced by JEV, which promotes viral replication by inhibiting interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in Huh7 cells. The knockdown of UAF1 reduced ISG expression during JEV infection. To explore the possible roles of autophagy in UAF1-mediated inhibition of JEV propagation, we knocked out ATG7 to generate autophagy-deficient cells and found that depletion of UAF1 failed to promote JEV replication in ATG7 knockout cells. Moreover, in ATG7-deficient Huh7 cells, interference with UAF1 expression did not lead to the induction of autophagy. Taken together, these findings indicate that UAF1 is a critical regulator of autophagy and reveal a mechanism by which UAF1 knockdown activates autophagy to promote JEV replication. IMPORTANCE Host factors play an essential role in virus replication and pathogenesis. Although UAF1 is well known to form complexes with ubiquitin-specific proteases, little is known about the function of the UAF1 protein itself. In this study, we confirmed that UAF1 is involved in JEV replication. Notably, we discovered a novel function for UAF1 in regulating autophagy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that UAF1 modulated JEV replication through its autophagy regulation. This study is the first description of the novel function of UAF1 in regulating autophagy, and it clarifies the underlying mechanism of the antiviral effect of UAF1 against JEV. These results provide a new mechanistic insight into the functional annotation of UAF1 and provide a potential target for increasing virus production during vaccine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Lan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lele Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youqin Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanan Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbao Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Yin H, Li S, Chai C, Zhang F, Ma Y, Wu Y, Fu C, Diao Y, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Niu R, Wang W. Biological activity of recombinant bovine IFN-α and inhibitory effect on BVDV in vitro. Microb Pathog 2023:106155. [PMID: 37301331 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferon has great broad-spectrum antiviral ability and immunomodulatory function, and its receptors are expressed in almost all types of cells. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen causing significant economic losses in cattle. In this study, a recombinant expression plasmid carrying bovine interferon-α(BoIFN-α)gene was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells. SDS-PAGE and Westernblotting analysis showed that the recombinant BoIFN-α protein (rBoIFN-α) was successfully expressed. It is about 36KD and exists in the form of inclusion body. When denatured, purified and renatured rBoIFN-α protein stimulated MDBK cells, the expression of interferon stimulating genes (ISGs) such as ISG15, OAS1, IFIT1, Mx1 and IFITM1 were significantly up-regulated, and reached the peak at 12 h (P< 0.001). MDBK cells were infected with BVDV with moi of 0.1 and 1.0, respectively. The virus proliferation was observed after pretreatment with rBoIFN-α protein and post-infection treatment. The results showed that the denatured, purified and renatured BoIFN-α protein had good biological activity and could inhibit the replication of BVDV in MDBK cells in vitro, which provided a basis for BoIFN-α as an antiviral drug, immune enhancer and clinical application of BVDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Chunxia Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China; Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China; Basic Medical School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Youzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Cun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Yun Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Rui Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China.
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23
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Olivier T, Blomet J, Desmecht D. Central role of lung macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 physiopathology: a cross-model single-cell RNA-seq perspective. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197588. [PMID: 37350967 PMCID: PMC10282834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storms are considered a driving factor in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. However, the triggering and resolution of this cytokine production, as well as the link between this phenomenon and infected cells, are still poorly understood. In this study, a cross-species scRNA-seq analysis showed that cytokine-producing macrophages together with pneumocytes were found to be the main contributors of viral transcripts in both Syrian hamsters and African green monkeys. Whatever the cell type, viral read-bearing cells show an apoptotic phenotype. A comparison of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor candidates showed that Fc receptors are better correlated with infected cells than ACE2, NRP1, or AXL. Although both species show similar interferon responses, differences in adaptive immunity were highlighted. Lastly, Fc receptor and cytokine upregulation in M1 macrophages was found to correlate with a comprehensive interferon response. Based on these results, we propose a model in which lung macrophages play a central role in COVID-19 severity through antibody-dependent enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Olivier
- GAS Department, Prevor Research Laboratories, Valmondois, France
- Department of Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joël Blomet
- GAS Department, Prevor Research Laboratories, Valmondois, France
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- Department of Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
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24
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Barnard TR, Landry BN, Wang AB, Sagan SM. Zika virus NS3 and NS5 proteins determine strain-dependent differences in dsRNA accumulation in a host cell type-dependent manner. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 37289497 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
For positive-sense RNA viruses, initiation of viral RNA replication represents a major target of antiviral responses to infection. Despite this, the interplay between viral replication and the innate antiviral response at early steps in the Zika virus (ZIKV) life cycle is not well understood. We have previously identified ZIKV isolates with differing levels of dsRNA accumulation, ZIKVPR (high dsRNA per infected cell) and ZIKVCDN (low dsRNA per infected cell), and we hypothesized that we could use reverse genetics to investigate how host and viral factors contribute to the establishment of viral RNA replication. We found that both the ZIKV NS3 and NS5 proteins as well as host factors were necessary to determine the dsRNA accumulation phenotype. Additionally, we show that dsRNA correlates with viral negative-strand RNA measured by strand-specific RT-qPCR, suggesting that dsRNA is an accurate readout of viral RNA replication. Interestingly, although we did not observe NS3- and NS5-dependent differences in cells with defects in interferon (IFN) production, differences in RNA accumulation precede induction of the IFN response, suggesting that RNA sensing pathways or intrinsic restriction factors may differentially restrict ZIKV in an NS3- and NS5-dependent manner. This work expands our understanding of the interplay of early steps of viral RNA replication and the induction of the innate antiviral response to ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha R Barnard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Breanna N Landry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alex B Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Selena M Sagan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Noor F, Ashfaq UA, Bakar A, ul Haq W, Allemailem KS, Alharbi BF, Al-Megrin WAI, Tahir ul Qamar M. Discovering common pathogenic processes between COVID-19 and HFRS by integrating RNA-seq differential expression analysis with machine learning. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1175844. [PMID: 37234545 PMCID: PMC10208410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1175844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic virus spillover in human hosts including outbreaks of Hantavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) imposes a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Recent studies provide a shred of evidence that patients with Hantavirus-caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) are at risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. Both RNA viruses shared a higher degree of clinical features similarity including dry cough, high fever, shortness of breath, and certain reported cases with multiple organ failure. However, there is currently no validated treatment option to tackle this global concern. This study is attributed to the identification of common genes and perturbed pathways by combining differential expression analysis with bioinformatics and machine learning approaches. Initially, the transcriptomic data of hantavirus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and SARS-CoV-2 infected PBMCs were analyzed through differential gene expression analysis for identification of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The functional annotation by enrichment analysis of common genes demonstrated immune and inflammatory response biological processes enriched by DEGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was then constructed and six genes named RAD51, ALDH1A1, UBA52, CUL3, GADD45B, and CDKN1A were identified as the commonly dysregulated hub genes among HFRS and COVID-19. Later, the classification performance of these hub genes were evaluated using Random Forest (RF), Poisson Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA), Voom-based Nearest Shrunken Centroids (voomNSC), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers which demonstrated accuracy >70%, suggesting the biomarker potential of the hub genes. To our knowledge, this is the first study that unveiled biological processes and pathways commonly dysregulated in HFRS and COVID-19, which could be in the next future used for the design of personalized treatment to prevent the linked attacks of COVID-19 and HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Noor
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abu Bakar
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqar ul Haq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah F. Alharbi
- Department of Basic Health Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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26
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Guo J, Huang W, Zhao X, Ji N, Chen K, Shi Y, Feng J, Zou J, Wang J. The expanded ISG12 family in zebrafish: ISG12.1 suppresses virus replication via targeting viral phosphoprotein. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:104672. [PMID: 36822549 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) play important roles in restricting the replication of viruses. However, the functions of many ISGs have not been investigated in fish. In this study, eight isg12 homologs (termed isg12.1-8) were identified in zebrafish and all contain a typical ISG12 family domain rich of hydrophobic amino acid residues. Isg12.1-7 were significantly induced in the ZF4 cells by poly(I:C) and IFNφ1, and in the kidney and spleen after infection with spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). In the EPC cells, overexpression of isg12.1 inhibited SVCV replication. Further, it was found that zebrafish ISG12.1 interacted with SVCV phosphoprotein (SVCV-P) and promoted SVCV-P degradation which could be attenuated by 3-MA and CQ (autophagy inhibitors). Our results indicate that zebrafish ISG12.1 restricts viral replication by targeting viral phosphoprotein for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenji Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ning Ji
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Kangyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China.
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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27
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Wei ZY, Wang ZX, Li JH, Wen YS, Gao D, Xia SY, Li YN, Pan XB, Liu YS, Jin YY, Chen JH. Host A-to-I RNA editing signatures in intracellular bacterial and single-strand RNA viral infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1121096. [PMID: 37081881 PMCID: PMC10112020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1121096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMicrobial infection is accompanied by remodeling of the host transcriptome. Involvement of A-to-I RNA editing has been reported during viral infection but remains to be elucidated during intracellular bacterial infections.ResultsHerein we analyzed A-to-I RNA editing during intracellular bacterial infections based on 18 RNA-Seq datasets of 210 mouse samples involving 7 tissue types and 8 intracellular bacterial pathogens (IBPs), and identified a consensus signature of RNA editing for IBP infections, mainly involving neutrophil-mediated innate immunity and lipid metabolism. Further comparison of host RNA editing patterns revealed remarkable similarities between pneumonia caused by IBPs and single-strand RNA (ssRNA) viruses, such as altered editing enzyme expression, editing site numbers, and levels. In addition, functional enrichment analysis of genes with RNA editing highlighted that the Rab GTPase family played a common and vital role in the host immune response to IBP and ssRNA viral infections, which was indicated by the consistent up-regulated RNA editing of Ras-related protein Rab27a. Nevertheless, dramatic differences between IBP and viral infections were also observed, and clearly distinguished the two types of intracellular infections.ConclusionOur study showed transcriptome-wide host A-to-I RNA editing alteration during IBP and ssRNA viral infections. By identifying and comparing consensus signatures of host A-to-I RNA editing, our analysis implicates the importance of host A-to-I RNA editing during these infections and provides new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Wei
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Huan Li
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Shuo Wen
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Gao
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shou-Yue Xia
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Ning Li
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu-Bin Pan
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Shan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Yun Jin
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Huan Chen, ; Yun-Yun Jin,
| | - Jian-Huan Chen
- Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Joint Primate Research Center for Chronic Diseases, Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Huan Chen, ; Yun-Yun Jin,
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28
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Bose D, Lin X, Gao L, Wei Z, Pei Y, Robertson ES. Attenuation of IFN signaling due to m 6A modification of the host epitranscriptome promotes EBV lytic reactivation. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:18. [PMID: 36918845 PMCID: PMC10012557 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactivation of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) leads to modulation of the viral and cellular epitranscriptome. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a type of RNA modification that regulates metabolism of mRNAs. Previous reports demonstrated that m6A modification affects the stability and metabolism of EBV encoded mRNAs. However, the effect of reactivation on reprograming of the cellular mRNAs, and how this contributes to successful induction of lytic reactivation is not known. METHODS Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq), transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and RNA pull-down PCR were used to screen and validate differentially methylated targets. Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunocytochemistry were used to investigate the expression and localization of different proteins. RNA stability and polysome analysis assays were used to detect the half-lives and translation efficiencies of downstream genes. Insertion of point mutation to disrupt the m6A methylation sites was used to verify the effect of m6A methylation on its stability and expression levels. RESULTS We report that during EBV reactivation the m6A eraser ALKBH5 is significantly downregulated leading to enhanced methylation of the cellular transcripts DTX4 and TYK2, that results in degradation of TYK2 mRNAs and higher efficiency of translation of DTX4 mRNAs. This resulted in attenuation of IFN signaling that promoted progression of viral lytic replication. Furthermore, inhibition of m6A methylation of these transcripts led to increased production of IFN, and a substantial reduction in viral copy number, which suggests abrogation of lytic viral replication. CONCLUSION Our findings illuminate the significance of m6A modification in overcoming the innate immune response during EBV reactivation. We now report that during lytic reactivation EBV targets the RNA methylation system of the host to attenuate the innate immune response by suppressing the interferon signaling which facilitates successful lytic replication of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Bose
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Tumor Virology Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 07102, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Yonggang Pei
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Erle S Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Tumor Virology Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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29
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Nikolaeva YV, Galochkina AV, Shtro AA, Berns SA. [ In vitro activity of human recombinant interferon gamma against SARS-CoV-2 virus]. Vopr Virusol 2023; 68:26-36. [PMID: 36961233 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of drugs against SARS-CoV-2 continues to be crucial for reducing the spread of infection and associated mortality. The aim of the work is to study the neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with interferon gamma preparations in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The activity of recombinant human interferon gamma for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of 500,000 IU and for intranasal administration of 100,000 IU against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro was studied. The methodological approach of this study is based on the phenomenon of a decrease in the number of plaques formed under the action of a potential antiviral drug. RESULTS The antiviral activity of recombinant interferon gamma has been experimentally confirmed, both in preventive and therapeutic application schemes. The smallest number of plaques was observed with the preventive scheme of application of the tested object at concentrations of 1000 and 333 IU/ml. The semi-maximal effective concentration (EC50) with the prophylactic regimen was 24 IU/ml. DISCUSSION The preventive scheme of application of the tested object turned out to be more effective than therapeutic one, which is probably explained by the launch of the expression of various interferon-stimulated genes that affect to a greater extent the steps of virus entry into the cell and its reproduction. CONCLUSION Further study of the effect of drugs based on recombinant interferon gamma on the reproduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus for clinical use for prevention and treatment is highly relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y V Nikolaeva
- Smorodintsev research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia
| | - A V Galochkina
- Smorodintsev research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia
| | - A A Shtro
- Smorodintsev research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia
| | - S A Berns
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
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30
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Zhang L, Yi Y, Wang T, Song M, Guo K, Zhang Y. 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibits classical swine fever virus entry into porcine alveolar macrophages by depleting plasma membrane cholesterol. Vet Microbiol 2023; 278:109668. [PMID: 36709687 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. The virus utilizes cellular lipids and manipulates host lipid metabolism to ensure its replication, especially during virus invasion and replication steps. Therefore, identification of the molecular lipid metabolism pathways that are suitable targets is critical for the development of anti-CSFV therapeutics. In this study, we screened the anti-CSFV activity of 12 compounds targeting synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, cholesterol esters, and cholesterol transport. We found that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a regulator of cholesterol metabolism and transport, has potent anti-CSFV activity. Mechanistically, we showed that 25HC inhibited CSFV proliferation by blocking the entry of virions into porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/21) by decreasing cholesterol abundance in the plasma membrane through activation of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT). Finally, we revealed that cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H), a redox enzyme that mediates 25HC production, also restricted CSFV infection via both enzyme activity-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Collectively, our results shed light on the mechanisms by which 25HC inhibits CSFV entry into cells and suggests a potential new therapeutic method against CSFV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanyan Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mengzhao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kangkang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yanming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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31
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Goncheva MI, Gibson RM, Shouldice AC, Dikeakos JD, Heinrichs DE. The Staphylococcus aureus protein IsdA increases SARS CoV-2 replication by modulating JAK-STAT signaling. iScience 2023; 26:105975. [PMID: 36687318 PMCID: PMC9838083 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (CoV-2) pandemic has affected millions globally. A significant complication of CoV-2 infection is secondary bacterial co-infection, as seen in approximately 25% of severe cases. The most common organism isolated during co-infection is Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we describe the development of an in vitro co-infection model where both viral and bacterial replication kinetics may be examined. We demonstrate CoV-2 infection does not alter bacterial interactions with host epithelial cells. In contrast, S. aureus enhances CoV-2 replication by 10- to 15-fold. We identify this pro-viral activity is due to the S. aureus iron-regulated surface determinant A (IsdA) protein and demonstrate IsdA modifies host transcription. We find that IsdA alters Janus Kinase - Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling, by affecting JAK2-STAT3 levels, ultimately leading to increased viral replication. These findings provide key insight into the molecular interactions between host cells, CoV-2 and S. aureus during co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya I. Goncheva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada,Corresponding author
| | - Richard M. Gibson
- ImPaKT Laboratory, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Ainslie C. Shouldice
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Jimmy D. Dikeakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David E. Heinrichs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada,Corresponding author
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32
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Iwama RE, Moran Y. Origins and diversification of animal innate immune responses against viral infections. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:182-193. [PMID: 36635343 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01951-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Immune systems are of pivotal importance to any living organism on Earth, as they protect the organism against deleterious effects of viral infections. Though the current knowledge about these systems is still biased towards the immune response in vertebrates, some studies have focused on the identification and characterization of components of invertebrate antiviral immune systems. Two classic model organisms, the insect Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, were instrumental in the discovery of several important components of the innate immune system, such as the Toll-like receptors and the RNA interference pathway. However, these two model organisms provide only a limited view of the evolutionary history of the immune system, as they both are ecdysozoan protostomes. Recent functional studies in non-classic models such as unicellular holozoans (for example, choanoflagellates), lophotrochozoans (for example, oysters) and cnidarians (for example, sea anemones) have added crucial information for understanding the evolution of antiviral systems, as they revealed unexpected ancestral complexity. This Review aims to summarize this information and present the ancestral nature of the antiviral immune response in animals. We also discuss lineage-specific adaptations and future perspectives for the comparative study of the innate immune system that are essential for understanding its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael E Iwama
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Yehu Moran
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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33
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Liu S, Chen X, Huang K, Xiong X, Shi Y, Wang X, Pan X, Cong Y, Sun Y, Ge L, Xu J, Jia X. Long noncoding RNA RFPL1S-202 inhibits ovarian cancer progression by downregulating the IFN-β/STAT1 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2023; 422:113438. [PMID: 36435219 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RFPL1S was first identified as one of the pseudogenes located in the intrachromosomal duplications within 22q12-13. Our previous study found that one of the predicted transcripts of lncRNA RFPL1S, ENST00000419368.1 (GRCh37/hg19), also named as RFPL1S-202 in Ensembl website, is significantly downregulated in the chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells. However, its function and underlying mechanism have not been studied. METHODS Quantitative Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression. Cell Counting Kit-8, transwell, flow cytometry analysis and tail vein injected mouse model were used to test the function. RNA-sequencing, RNA pull down, western blot, ELISA and RNA-Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation were performed for studying the mechanism. 5' and 3' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends were performed to analyze the full length of RFPL1S-202. RESULTS RFPL1S-202 is significantly downregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function study indicated that RFPL1S-202 could enhance cisplatin or paclitaxel in cytotoxicity, inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and inhibit the liver metastasis of ovarian cancer cells in vivo. Mechanistically, RFPL1S-202 could physically interact with DEAD-Box Helicase 3 X-linked (DDX3X) protein, and decrease the expression of p-STAT1 and the IFN inducible genes by increasing the m6A modification of IFNB1. RFPL1S-202 is a spliced and polyadenylated non-coding RNA with a full length of 1071 bp. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the predicted lncRNA RFPL1S-202 exerts a tumor- suppressive function in oarian cancer chemoresistance and progression by interacting with DDX3X and down-regulating the IFN-β-STAT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Xiyi Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xueyou Xiong
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yaqian Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xusu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xinxing Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yu Cong
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Lili Ge
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
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34
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Ul-Rahman A, Rabani M, Shabbir MZ. A comparative evaluation of transcriptome changes in lung and spleen tissues of chickens infected with velogenic and mesogenic Avian Orthoavulavirus 1. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105956. [PMID: 36572195 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease is an acute, highly contagious disease responsible for severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Clinical assessment of different pathotypes of AOaV-1 strains is well-elucidated in chickens. However, a paucity of data exists for a comparative assessment of avian innate immune responses in birds after infection with two different pathotypes of AOaV-1. We compared early immune responses in chickens infected with a duck-originated velogenic strain (high virulent: genotype VII) and a pigeon-originated mesogenic stain (moderate virulent; genotype VI). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) identified 4737 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcriptional profiles of lung and spleen tissues of chickens infected with both pathotypes. More DEGs were expressed in spleen tissue infected with velogenic strain compared to spleen or lung exposed to mesogenic strain. An enriched expression was observed for genes involved in metabolic processes and cellular components, including innate immune-associated signaling pathways. Most DEGs were involved in RIG-I, Toll-like, NF-Kappa B, and MAPK signaling pathways to activate interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). This study provided a comparative insight into complicated molecular mechanisms and associated DEGs involved in early immune responses of birds to two different AOaV-1 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Masood Rabani
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
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35
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Villar J, Cros A, De Juan A, Alaoui L, Bonte PE, Lau CM, Tiniakou I, Reizis B, Segura E. ETV3 and ETV6 enable monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells by repressing macrophage fate commitment. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:84-95. [PMID: 36543959 PMCID: PMC9810530 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In inflamed tissues, monocytes differentiate into macrophages (mo-Macs) or dendritic cells (mo-DCs). In chronic nonresolving inflammation, mo-DCs are major drivers of pathogenic events. Manipulating monocyte differentiation would therefore be an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, how the balance of mo-DC versus mo-Mac fate commitment is regulated is not clear. In the present study, we show that the transcriptional repressors ETV3 and ETV6 control human monocyte differentiation into mo-DCs. ETV3 and ETV6 inhibit interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes; however, their action on monocyte differentiation is independent of IFN signaling. Instead, we find that ETV3 and ETV6 directly repress mo-Mac development by controlling MAFB expression. Mice deficient for Etv6 in monocytes have spontaneous expression of IFN-stimulated genes, confirming that Etv6 regulates IFN responses in vivo. Furthermore, these mice have impaired mo-DC differentiation during inflammation and reduced pathology in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. These findings provide information about the molecular control of monocyte fate decision and identify ETV6 as a therapeutic target to redirect monocyte differentiation in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Villar
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932,, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Cros
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932,, Paris, France
| | - Alba De Juan
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932,, Paris, France
| | - Lamine Alaoui
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932,, Paris, France
| | | | - Colleen M Lau
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ioanna Tiniakou
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elodie Segura
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932,, Paris, France.
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36
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de Mariz E Miranda LS. The synergy between nucleotide biosynthesis inhibitors and antiviral nucleosides: New opportunities against viral infections? Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200217. [PMID: 36122181 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
5'-Phosphorylated nucleoside derivatives are molecules that can be found in all living organisms and viruses. Over the last century, the development of structural analogs that could disrupt the transcription and translation of genetic information culminated in the development of clinically relevant anticancer and antiviral drugs. However, clinically effective broad-spectrum antiviral compounds or treatments are lacking. This viewpoint proposes that molecules that inhibit nucleotide biosynthesis may sensitize virus-infected cells toward direct-acting antiviral nucleosides. Such potentially synergistic combinations might allow the repurposing of drugs, leading to the development of new combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro S de Mariz E Miranda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Biocatalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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37
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Chen Q, Li L, Guo S, Liu Z, Liu L, Tan C, Chen H, Wang X. African swine fever virus pA104R protein acts as a suppressor of type I interferon signaling. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1169699. [PMID: 37089552 PMCID: PMC10119599 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1169699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the role of the late viral protein, pA104R, in African swine fever virus immunosuppression. ASFV-encoded pA104R is a putative histone-like protein that is highly conserved throughout different virulent and non-virulent isolates. Previous studies have demonstrated that pA104R plays a vital role in the ASFV replication cycle and is a potential target for antiviral therapy. Here, we demonstrated that pA104R is a potent antagonist of type I interferon signaling. IFN-stimulated response element activity and subsequent transcription of co-transfected and endogenous interferon-stimulated genes were attenuated by pA104R treatment in HEK-293 T cells. Immunoprecipitation assay and reciprocal pull-down showed that pA104R does not interact directly with STAT1, STAT2, or IRF9. However, pA104R could inhibit IFN signaling by attenuating STAT1 phosphorylation, and we identified the critical amino acid residues (R/H69,72 and K/R92,94,97) involved through the targeted mutation functional assays. Although pA104R is a histone-like protein localized to the nucleus, it did not inhibit IFN signaling through its DNA-binding capacity. In addition, activation of the ISRE promoter by IRF9-Stat2(TA), a STAT1-independent pathway, was inhibited by pA104R. Further results revealed that both the transcriptional activation and recruitment of transcriptional stimulators by interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 were not impaired. Although we failed to determine a mechanism for pA104R-mediated IFN signaling inhibition other than attenuating the phosphorylation of STAT1, these results might imply a possible involvement of epigenetic modification by ASFV pA104R. Taken together, these findings support that pA104R is an antagonist of type I interferon signaling, which may interfere with multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Shibang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhankui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixinjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangru Wang,
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Immune-Mediated Pathogenesis in Dengue Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112575. [PMID: 36423184 PMCID: PMC9699586 DOI: 10.3390/v14112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the major public health concerns around the globe, especially in the tropical regions of the world that contribute to 75% percent of dengue cases. While the majority of DENV infections are mild or asymptomatic, approximately 5% of the cases develop a severe form of the disease that is mainly attributed to sequential infection with different DENV serotypes. The severity of dengue depends on many immunopathogenic mechanisms involving both viral and host factors. Emerging evidence implicates an impaired immune response as contributing to disease progression and severity by restricting viral clearance and inducing severe inflammation, subsequently leading to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Moreover, the ability of DENV to infect a wide variety of immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T and B cells, further dysregulates the antiviral functions of these cells, resulting in viral dissemination. Although several risk factors associated with disease progression have been proposed, gaps persist in the understanding of the disease pathogenesis and further investigations are warranted. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms of DENV-mediated immunopathogenesis and its association with disease progression and severity.
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Analysis of Expression Pattern of snoRNAs in Human Cells A549 Infected by Influenza A Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213666. [PMID: 36430145 PMCID: PMC9696202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a highly expressed class of non-coding RNAs known for their role in guiding post-transcriptional modifications of ribosomal RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. Emerging studies suggest that snoRNAs are also implicated in regulating other vital cellular processes, such as pre-mRNA splicing and 3'-processing of mRNAs, and in the development of cancer and viral infections. There is an emerging body of evidence for specific snoRNA's involvement in the optimal replication of RNA viruses. In order to investigate the expression pattern of snoRNAs during influenza A viral infection, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of the A549 human cell line infected by influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1). We identified 66 that were upregulated and 55 that were downregulated in response to influenza A virus infection. The increased expression of most C/D-box snoRNAs was associated with elevated levels of 5'- and 3'-short RNAs derived from this snoRNA. Analysis of the poly(A)+ RNA sequencing data indicated that most of the differentially expressed snoRNAs synthesis was not correlated with the corresponding host genes expression. Furthermore, influenza A viral infection led to an imbalance in the expression of genes responsible for C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particles' biogenesis. In summary, our results indicate that the expression pattern of snoRNAs in A549 cells is significantly altered during influenza A viral infection.
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40
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Gomez S, Cox OL, Walker RR, Rentia U, Hadley M, Arthofer E, Diab N, Grundy EE, Kanholm T, McDonald JI, Kobyra J, Palmer E, Noonepalle S, Villagra A, Leitenberg D, Bollard CM, Saunthararajah Y, Chiappinelli KB. Inhibiting DNA methylation and RNA editing upregulates immunogenic RNA to transform the tumor microenvironment and prolong survival in ovarian cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004974. [PMID: 36343976 PMCID: PMC9644370 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel therapies are urgently needed for ovarian cancer (OC), the fifth deadliest cancer in women. Preclinical work has shown that DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis) can reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in OC. Inhibiting DNA methyltransferases activate transcription of double-stranded (ds)RNA, including transposable elements. These dsRNAs activate sensors in the cytoplasm and trigger type I interferon (IFN) signaling, recruiting host immune cells to kill the tumor cells. Adenosine deaminase 1 (ADAR1) is induced by IFN signaling and edits mammalian dsRNA with an A-to-I nucleotide change, which is read as an A-to-G change in sequencing data. These edited dsRNAs cannot be sensed by dsRNA sensors, and thus ADAR1 inhibits the type I IFN response in a negative feedback loop. We hypothesized that decreasing ADAR1 editing would enhance the DNMTi-induced immune response. METHODS Human OC cell lines were treated in vitro with DNMTi and then RNA-sequenced to measure RNA editing. Adar1 was stably knocked down in ID8 Trp53-/- mouse OC cells. Control cells (shGFP) or shAdar1 cells were tested with mock or DNMTi treatment. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were immunophenotyped using flow cytometry and cell culture supernatants were analyzed for secreted chemokines/cytokines. Mice were injected with syngeneic shAdar1 ID8 Trp53-/- cells and treated with tetrahydrouridine/DNMTi while given anti-interferon alpha and beta receptor 1, anti-CD8, or anti-NK1.1 antibodies every 3 days. RESULTS We show that ADAR1 edits transposable elements in human OC cell lines after DNMTi treatment in vitro. Combining ADAR1 knockdown with DNMTi significantly increases pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production and sensitivity to IFN-β compared with either perturbation alone. Furthermore, DNMTi treatment and Adar1 loss reduces tumor burden and prolongs survival in an immunocompetent mouse model of OC. Combining Adar1 loss and DNMTi elicited the most robust antitumor response and transformed the immune microenvironment with increased recruitment and activation of CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION In summary, we showed that the survival benefit from DNMTi plus ADAR1 inhibition is dependent on type I IFN signaling. Thus, epigenetically inducing transposable element transcription combined with inhibition of RNA editing is a novel therapeutic strategy to reverse immune evasion in OC, a disease that does not respond to current immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Gomez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Olivia L Cox
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Reddick R Walker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Uzma Rentia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Melissa Hadley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Elisa Arthofer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Noor Diab
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Erin E Grundy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Tomas Kanholm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - James I McDonald
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Julie Kobyra
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Erica Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - David Leitenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Yogen Saunthararajah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Yang Z, Sun B, Xiang J, Wu H, Kan S, Hao M, Chang L, Liu H, Wang D, Liu W. Role of epigenetic modification in interferon treatment of hepatitis B virus infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1018053. [PMID: 36325353 PMCID: PMC9618964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small, enveloped DNA virus that causes acute and chronic hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. Interferons (IFNs) have been used for the treatment of CHB for a long time, with advantages including less treatment duration and sustained virological response. Presently, various evidence suggests that epigenetic modification of the viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and the host genome is crucial for the regulation of viral activity. This modification includes histone acetylation, DNA methylation, N6-methyladenosine, and non-coding RNA modification. IFN treatment for CHB can stimulate multiple IFN-stimulated genes for inhibiting virus replication. IFNs can also affect the HBV life cycle through epigenetic modulation. In this review, we summarized the different mechanisms through which IFN-α inhibits HBV replication, including epigenetic regulation. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying IFN activity are discussed, which indicated its potential as a novel treatment for CHB. It is proposed that epigenetic changes such as histone acetylation, DNA methylation, m6A methylation could be the targets of IFN, which may offer a novel approach to HBV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baozhen Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingcheng Xiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaoning Kan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Hao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Dongxu Wang, ; Weiwei Liu,
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Dongxu Wang, ; Weiwei Liu,
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Lang R, Li H, Luo X, Liu C, Zhang Y, Guo S, Xu J, Bao C, Dong W, Yu Y. Expression and mechanisms of interferon-stimulated genes in viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) and neurological diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008072. [PMID: 36325336 PMCID: PMC9618809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) bind to cell surface receptors and activate the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through intracellular signaling cascades. ISGs and their expression products have various biological functions, such as antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, and are essential effector molecules for IFN function. ISGs limit the invasion and replication of the virus in a cell-specific and region-specific manner in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to participating in natural immunity against viral infections, studies have shown that ISGs are essential in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders such as neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to present a macroscopic overview of the characteristics of ISGs that restrict viral neural invasion and the expression of the ISGs underlying viral infection of CNS cells. Furthermore, we elucidate the characteristics of ISGs expression in neurological inflammation, neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression as well as neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Finally, we summarize several ISGs (ISG15, IFIT2, IFITM3) that have been studied more in recent years for their antiviral infection in the CNS and their research progress in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Luo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cencen Liu
- Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Zhongjiang County, DeYang, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShunYu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Changshun Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Neurological diseases and brain function laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wiley CA, Steinman RA, Wang Q. Innate immune activation without immune cell infiltration in brains of murine models of Aicardi-Gutiérrez Syndrome. Brain Pathol 2022; 33:e13118. [PMID: 36161399 PMCID: PMC10154360 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is frequently invoked as a mechanism of neurodegeneration and yet inflammatory cell infiltrates are seldom seen in brains of these disorders. Different disciplines utilize different technologies and methodologies to describe what is immunologically defined as the innate immune response (IIR). We examined murine models of the human neurodegenerative disease Aicardi-Gutiérrez Syndrome, where an IIR is initiated by aberrant RNA metabolism secondary to a mutation in adenosine deaminase acting on RNA gene (ADAR1). We previously showed that these mice demonstrated a deficit in RNA editing that lead to MDA-5 mediated RNA sensing pathway activation of the IIR with massive interferon stimulated gene transcription and translation. As early as 2 weeks of age, in situ hybridization demonstrated that different central nervous system (CNS) cell lineages expressed very high levels of distinct interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in the absence of interferon and absence of immune cell infiltrates. We have expanded these studies to more completely describe the breadth of ISG expression systemically and in CNS using double label in situ hybridization. Within the CNS aberrant ISG expression was mostly limited to neurons, microglia, ependyma, choroid plexus, and endothelial cells with little expression in oligodendroglia and astrocytes except for STAT1. Wild type controls showed a similar pattern of ISG expression but only in aged mice and at levels minimally detectable by in situ hybridization. Despite months of elevated ISG expression in mutant mice, there was essentially no inflammatory infiltrate, no interferon production and minimal glial reaction. Histomorphological neurodegenerative pathology of ventricular dilatation and deep gray matter mineralization were evident in mutant mice 8-13 months of age but this did not show a spatial relationship to ISG expression. This IIR without immune cell infiltration leads to neurodegeneration through non-canonical pathways that may accentuate normal aging pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton A Wiley
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard A Steinman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Luo H, Zhou X. Bioinformatics analysis of potential common pathogenic mechanisms for COVID-19 infection and primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938837. [PMID: 35958619 PMCID: PMC9360424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAccumulating evidence has revealed that the prevalence of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) was significantly higher in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) compared to the general population. However, the mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. This study aimed to further investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of this complication.MethodsThe gene expression profiles of COVID-19 (GSE157103) and pSS (GSE40611) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After identifying the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for pSS and COVID-19, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, module construction and hub gene identification were performed. Finally, we constructed transcription factor (TF)-gene regulatory network and TF-miRNA regulatory network for hub genes.ResultsA total of 40 common DEGs were selected for subsequent analyses. Functional analyses showed that cellular components and metabolic pathways collectively participated in the development and progression of pSS and COVID-19. Finally, 12 significant hub genes were identified using the cytoHubba plugin, including CMPK2, TYMS, RRM2, HERC5, IFI44L, IFI44, IFIT2, IFIT1, IFIT3, MX1, CDCA2 and TOP2A, which had preferable values as diagnostic markers for COVID-19 and pSS.ConclusionsOur study reveals common pathogenesis of pSS and COVID-19. These common pathways and pivotal genes may provide new ideas for further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Zhou,
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The Pharmacologically Active Alkaloid Cryptolepine Activates a Type 1 Interferon Response That Is Independent of MAVS and STING Pathways. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8873536. [PMID: 35928633 PMCID: PMC9345703 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8873536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 interferons (IFN-1) are pleiotropic cytokines with well-established anticancer and antiviral properties, particularly in mucosal tissues. Hence, natural IFN-1-inducing treatments are highly sought after in the clinic. Here, we report for the first time that cryptolepine, a pharmacoactive alkaloid in the medicinal plant Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, is a potent IFN-1 pathway inducer. Cryptolepine increased the transcript levels of JAK1, TYK2, STAT1, STAT2, IRF9, and OAS3, as well as increased the accumulation of STAT1 and OAS3 proteins, similar to recombinant human IFN-α. Cryptolepine effects were observed in multiple cell types including a model of human macrophages. This response was maintained in MAVS and STING-deficient cell lines, suggesting that cryptolepine effects are not mediated by nucleic acids released upon nuclear or organelle damage. In agreement, cryptolepine did not affect cell viability in concentrations that triggered potent IFN-1 activation. In addition, we observed no differences in the presence of a pharmacological inhibitor of TBK1, a pleiotropic kinase that is a converging point for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleic acid sensors. Together, our results demonstrate that cryptolepine is a strong inducer of IFN-1 response and suggest that cryptolepine-based medications such as C. sanguinolenta extract could be potentially tested in resource-limited regions of the world for the management of chronic viral infections as well as cancers.
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Xing JH, Shi CW, Sun MJ, Gu W, Zhang RR, Chen HL, Li Y, Wang D, Li J, Niu TM, Huang QT, Qian JH, Huang HB, Jiang YL, Wang JZ, Cao X, Wang N, Zeng Y, Yang GL, Yang WT, Wang CF. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 0111 Protects Against Influenza Virus by Modulating Intestinal Microbial-Mediated Immune Responses. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:820484. [PMID: 35847111 PMCID: PMC9282045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.820484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are some limitations of traditional influenza vaccines concerning novel mutant strains. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop preventive means for antigen-unrelated types of influenza viruses. Recent studies have shown that probiotics can modulate the immune system and reduce the severity of viral infections. In this study, we investigated the potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 0111 against influenza virus H9N2. Challenge experiments showed that L. plantarum 0111 pretreatments could effectively improve mice’s survival rate and weight loss and reduce the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) along with the degree of lung and intestinal injury. FMT experiment demonstrates that the protective effect produced by L. plantarum 0111 is associated with gut microorganisms. In addition, 16S high-throughput sequencing of the mouse intestinal microbiota showed that L. plantarum 0111 remodeled the intestinal microbiota after H9N2 infection and maintained the gut microbiota balance. In a mouse model, the oral administration of L. plantarum 0111 increased IFN-β expression in the serum and BALF. At the same time, the transcript levels of IFN-β and related ISGs in the intestine and lungs of mice were also increased. In addition, the activation and polarization of T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and the spleen were detected by flow cytometry, and the results showed that L. plantarum 0111 modulated cytokines in T cells and increased IgA expression in B cells in the MLNs and spleen. Thus, L. plantarum 0111 may improve gut microbiota-mediated immune responses and thus, resist infection by the influenza virus, and it could be used as an effective preventive measure against the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chun-Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming-Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Shandong BaoLai-LeeLai Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tai’an, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - JunYi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tian-Ming Niu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qun-Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia-Hao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Long Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Lian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Gui-Lian Yang,
| | - Wen Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Wen Tao Yang,
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chun-Feng Wang,
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Cohen-Rengifo M, Danion M, Gonzalez AA, Bégout ML, Cormier A, Noël C, Cabon J, Vitré T, Mark FC, Mazurais D. The extensive transgenerational transcriptomic effects of ocean acidification on the olfactory epithelium of a marine fish are associated with a better viral resistance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:448. [PMID: 35710351 PMCID: PMC9204966 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progressive CO2-induced ocean acidification (OA) impacts marine life in ways that are difficult to predict but are likely to become exacerbated over generations. Although marine fishes can balance acid–base homeostasis efficiently, indirect ionic regulation that alter neurosensory systems can result in behavioural abnormalities. In marine invertebrates, OA can also affect immune system function, but whether this is the case in marine fishes is not fully understood. Farmed fish are highly susceptible to disease outbreak, yet strategies for overcoming such threats in the wake of OA are wanting. Here, we exposed two generations of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) to end-of-century predicted pH levels (IPCC RCP8.5), with parents (F1) being exposed for four years and their offspring (F2) for 18 months. Our design included a transcriptomic analysis of the olfactory rosette (collected from the F2) and a viral challenge (exposing F2 to betanodavirus) where we assessed survival rates. Results We discovered transcriptomic trade-offs in both sensory and immune systems after long-term transgenerational exposure to OA. Specifically, RNA-Seq analysis of the olfactory rosette, the peripheral olfactory organ, from 18-months-old F2 revealed extensive regulation in genes involved in ion transport and neuronal signalling, including GABAergic signalling. We also detected OA-induced up-regulation of genes associated with odour transduction, synaptic plasticity, neuron excitability and wiring and down-regulation of genes involved in energy metabolism. Furthermore, OA-exposure induced up-regulation of genes involved in innate antiviral immunity (pathogen recognition receptors and interferon-stimulated genes) in combination with down-regulation of the protein biosynthetic machinery. Consistently, OA-exposed F2 challenged with betanodavirus, which causes damage to the nervous system of marine fish, had acquired improved resistance. Conclusion F2 exposed to long-term transgenerational OA acclimation showed superior viral resistance, though as their metabolic and odour transduction programs were altered, odour-mediated behaviours might be consequently impacted. Although it is difficult to unveil how long-term OA impacts propagated between generations, our results reveal that, across generations, trade-offs in plastic responses is a core feature of the olfactory epithelium transcriptome in OA-exposed F2 offspring, and will have important consequences for how cultured and wild fish interacts with its environment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08647-w.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morgane Danion
- Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Anne-Alicia Gonzalez
- MGX, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Biocampus Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bégout
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, 34250, Palavas-les-Flots, IRD, France
| | | | - Cyril Noël
- IFREMER, SEBIMER, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Joëlle Cabon
- Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | - Felix C Mark
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
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The protective effect of Tilia amurensis honey on influenza A virus infection through stimulation of interferon-mediated IFITM3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113259. [PMID: 35717782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, attention has focused on the prevention and treatment of respiratory viruses including influenza viruses. We evaluated the antiviral effect of Tilia amurensis honey (TH) against influenza A virus in murine macrophages. Influenza A virus infection was reduced following pretreatment with TH. Pretreatment of murine macrophages with TH increased the production and secretion of type-1 interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines and increased phosphorylation of the type-1 IFN-related proteins, TANK-binding kinase (TBK), and STAT. Moreover, TH increased the expression of IFN-stimulating genes and increased the expression of IFN-inducible transmembrane (IFITM3), a protein that interferes with virus replication and entry. Taken together, these findings suggest that TH suppresses influenza A virus infection by regulating the innate immune response in macrophages. This supports the development of preventive and therapeutic agents for influenza A virus and enhances the economic value of TH.
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Mechanisms involved in controlling RNA virus-induced intestinal inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:313. [PMID: 35604464 PMCID: PMC9125963 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the lining of stomach and intestines and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many viruses, especially RNA viruses are the most common cause of enteritis. Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against enteric RNA viruses and virus-induced intestinal inflammation. The first layer of defense against enteric RNA viruses in the intestinal tract is intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), dendritic cells and macrophages under the intestinal epithelium. These innate immune cells express pathogen-recognition receptors (PRRs) for recognizing enteric RNA viruses through sensing viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). As a result of this recognition type I interferon (IFN), type III IFN and inflammasome activation occurs, which function cooperatively to clear infection and reduce viral-induced intestinal inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent findings about mechanisms involved in enteric RNA virus-induced intestinal inflammation. We will provide an overview of the enteric RNA viruses, their RNA sensing mechanisms by host PRRs, and signaling pathways triggered by host PRRs, which shape the intestinal immune response to maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Interferon-Induced Protein 6-16 (IFI6-16) from Litopenaeus vannamei Regulate Antiviral Immunity via Apoptosis-Related Genes. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051062. [PMID: 35632802 PMCID: PMC9144789 DOI: 10.3390/v14051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of evidence shows that some invertebrates possess an antiviral immunity parallel to the interferon (IFN) system of higher vertebrates. For example, the IRF (interferon regulatory factor)–Vago–JAK/STAT regulatory axis in an arthropod, shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp) is functionally similar to the IRF–IFN–JAK/STAT axis of mammals. IFNs perform their cellular immunity by regulating the expression of target genes collectively referred to as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). However, the function of invertebrate ISGs in immune responses is almost completely unclear. In this study, a potential ISG gene homologous to the interferon-induced protein 6-16 (IFI6-16) was cloned and identified from L. vannamei, designated as LvIFI6-16. LvIFI6-16 contained a putative signal peptide in the N-terminal, and a classic IFI6-16-superfamily domain in the C-terminal that showed high conservation to other homologs in various species. The mRNA levels of LvIFI6-16 were significantly upregulated after the stimulation of poly (I:C) and challenges of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Moreover, silencing of LvIFI6-16 caused a higher mortality rate and heightened virus loads, suggesting that LvIFI6-16 could play a crucial role in defense against WSSV. Interestingly, we found that the transcription levels of several caspases were regulated by LvIFI6-16; meanwhile, the transcription level of LvIFI6-16 self was regulated by the JAK/STAT cascade, suggesting there could be a JAK/STAT–IFI6-16–caspase regulatory axis in shrimp. Taken together, we identified a crustacean IFI6-16 gene (LvIFI6-16) for the first time, and provided evidence that the IFI6-16 participated in antiviral immunity in shrimp.
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