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Ferreira AM, Oliveira-da Silva LC, Cardoso CS, Oliveira CDL, Brito BODF, Bierrenbach AL, Santos ACDJ, Cruz DS, Leite SF, Jesus AB, Damasceno RF, Nunes MCP, Molina I, Haikal DSA, Sabino EC, Ribeiro ALP. Association between positive serology for COVID-19 and chagas cardiomyopathy progression: The SaMi-Trop project. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024; 61:102745. [PMID: 39048021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas Disease (CD) can cause Chagas cardiomyopathy. The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) also affects the cardiovascular system and may worsen Chagas cardiomyopathy. However, the cardiac evolution of patients with CD infected by COVID-19 is not known. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess, within one year, whether there was cardiac progression after COVID-19 in CD. METHODS Longitudinal study with CD patients. The outcome was cardiac progression, defined as the appearance of new major changes in the current ECG compared to the previous ECG considered from the comparison of electrocardiograms (ECGs) performed with an interval of one year. Positive Anti-SARS-CoV2 Serology was the independent variable of interest. For each analysis, a final multiple model was constructed, adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and pandemic-related characteristics. RESULTS Of the 404 individuals included, 22.8 % had positive serology for COVID-19 and 10.9 % had cardiac progression. In the final model, positive serology for COVID-19 was the only factor associated with cardiac progression in the group as a whole (OR = 2.65; 95 % CI = 1.27-5.53) and for new-onset cardiomyopathy in the group with normal previous ECG (OR = 3.50; 95 % CI = 1.21-10.13). CONCLUSION Our study shows an association between COVID-19 and progression of Chagas cardiomyopathy, evaluated by repeated ECGs, suggesting that COVID-19 accelerated the natural history of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Clareci Silva Cardoso
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ana Clara de Jesus Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Dardiane Santos Cruz
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Sâmara Fernandes Leite
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréia Brito Jesus
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Fiúza Damasceno
- Superintendência Regional de Saúde de Montes Claros, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Israel Molina
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ Minas, Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Desirée Sant' Anna Haikal
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, and Telehealth Center and Cardiology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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de Vilhena EC, Coutracos NRT, Coimbra EN, Denez KB, Oliveira AP, Holandino C, de Campos VEB, Peres GB, Bonamin LV. Prevalence of COVID-19 Complications during a Program of Homeopathic Camphora Officinalis Distribution to City Populations of Santa Catarina, Brazil: An Ecological Study. HOMEOPATHY 2024. [PMID: 38986484 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, was declared a pandemic in March 2020, posing significant challenges globally. Homeopathy has historical relevance in epidemic management. In response, the government of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, distributed Camphora 1M as a potential prophylactic intervention for COVID-19. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of Camphora 1M as an adjunctive prophylactic measure in managing COVID-19, focusing on mortality and hospitalization rates, during the period April 28 to July 31, 2020, within designated COVID-19 in-patient units in Santa Catarina. METHODS An ecological study design was applied to this epidemiological research. Five case municipalities (Itajaí, Atalanta, Entre Rios, Rio do Campo, Trombudo Central) were compared with five control municipalities (São José, Galvão, Pedras Grandes, Grão-Pará, Ascurra). RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed in predictor variables between municipalities that received Camphora 1M and the respective controls. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were observed in outcomes: deaths (p = 0.879), hospitalized cases (p = 0.537), daily ward admissions (p = 0.730) and ICU admissions (p = 0.072). CONCLUSION For the first wave of the pandemic in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, city-wide distribution of Camphora 1M was not associated with reduced numbers, severity or mortality among the population hospitalized in designated public hospitals for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ednar N Coimbra
- University Hospital, Federal University of Alagoas - UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Karen Berenice Denez
- Department of Homeopathic Pharmacy, Brazilian Association of Homeopathic Pharmacists - ABFH, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carla Holandino
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Yarmahmoodi F, Samimi S, Zeinali-Rafsanjani B, Razavinejad SM, Saeedi-Moghadam M. Determining the frequency of thyroid involvement in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients and its correlation with the severity of lung involvement and survival of patients in 2020. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1345008. [PMID: 39045269 PMCID: PMC11263004 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1345008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid gland involvement in chest CT scans of patients with COVID-19 admitted to university-affiliated hospitals and assess its relationship with the severity of lung involvement and patient survival in 2020. Material and methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1000 PCR-positive patients with COVID-19 who were referred to University-affiliated Hospital in 2020 and had chest CT performed within 72 hours of admission to the hospital were examined. The data was collected by patient file information and CT findings recorded in the PACS system, including thyroid involvement, the severity of lung involvement, and findings related to the death and recovery of patients. Results The mean age of the examined patients was 56 years. 525 people (52.5%) were men, and 475 (47.5%) were women. 14% had severe pulmonary involvement, and 9.3% had very severe involvement. Moreover, 15.9 percent of them had deceased. 19.7% had focal thyroid involvement, 14% had diffuse involvement, and 66.3% were healthy subjects. Male gender and older age showed a significant relationship with thyroid gland involvement. The severity of lung involvement, the death rate in patients, and hospitalization in ICU were also significantly related to thyroid gland involvement in patients with COVID. Discussion and conclusion This study highlights the importance of considering thyroid-gland involvement in the comprehensive management of COVID-19 patients. Routine screening and monitoring of thyroid-function may facilitate earlier detection and appropriate management of thyroid-related complications, potentially improving clinical outcomes. This study suggests that in COVID-19 infection the monitoring of thyroid function is prudent, particularly in cases of more serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yarmahmoodi
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Shoayb Samimi
- Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mahdi Saeedi-Moghadam
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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Brito C, de Araujo Mariz C, Freitas de Oliveira França R, Lopes EP, Silva LE, Neto RL, Viana IF, Montarroyos U, Duarte C, Lacerda HR, de Brito Ximenes P, de Oliveira Viana RC, Lima RGD, Carneiro APS, Braga C. Clinical-laboratory characteristics predictive of COVID-19 severity: a prospective hospital cohort, in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01382-2. [PMID: 38955981 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical-laboratory profile and analyze the factors associated with the severity of COVID-19. METHODS A prospective cohort study involving patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary hospital in Recife, Brazil. All cases were confirmed by RT-PCR and classified according to severity criteria. A descriptive statistical analysis of the population's characteristics was conducted. Risk factors associated with the outcome of the case according to severity were analyzed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) using the general equation estimation (GEE) model. RESULTS Among the 75 cases included, 64% were female, and 62.7% were aged 65 years or older. The median length of stay was 9 days (6 - 14). Hypertension (65.3%) and Diabetes Mellitus (36%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Severe forms of COVID-19 constituted 41.3% of the sample. The factors associated with severity were a history of asthma (OR=4.58, 95%CI:1.13 - 18.7), report of anorexia (OR=1, 12, 95%CI:1.01-1.24), and laboratory changes that included elevated platelets (OR=1.00, 95% CI:1.00-1.01), elevated D'Dimer (OR=1, 26, 95% CI:1.04-1.52), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (OR=1.00, 95% CI:1.00-1.01), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (OR=1.22, IC95 %:0.98-1.51), hypernatremia (OR=1.31, 95%CI:1.12-1.52), and hyperkalemia (OR=1.21, 95% CI:1.04-1.41). CONCLUSION Multisystemic involvement with a tendency for thrombophilia, electrolyte disturbances, and hepatic aggression, reflected by laboratory changes, were factors associated with the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil.
- Department of Immunology, Autoimune Research Institute, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Edmundo Pessoa Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Laura Emanuelle Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Roberto Lins Neto
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Freire Viana
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ulisses Montarroyos
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Claudio Duarte
- Servidores do Estado Hospital, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Ramos Lacerda
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cynthia Braga
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Li Y, Lu SM, Wang JL, Yao HP, Liang LG. Progress in SARS-CoV-2, diagnostic and clinical treatment of COVID-19. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33179. [PMID: 39021908 PMCID: PMC11253070 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic novel coronavirus infection disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although rapid, large-scale testing plays an important role in patient management and slowing the spread of the disease. However, there has been no good and widely used drug treatment for infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Key findings Therefore, this review updates the body of knowledge on viral structure, infection routes, detection methods, and clinical treatment, with the aim of responding to the large-section caused by SARS-CoV-2. This paper focuses on the structure of SARS-CoV-2 viral protease, RNA polymerase, serine protease and main proteinase-like protease as well as targeted antiviral drugs. Conclusion In vitro or clinical trials have been carried out to provide deeper thinking for the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, vaccine development and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si-Ming Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical in Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Guo Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Lima TE, Ferraz MVF, Brito CAA, Ximenes PB, Mariz CA, Braga C, Wallau GL, Viana IFT, Lins RD. Determination of prognostic markers for COVID-19 disease severity using routine blood tests and machine learning. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230894. [PMID: 38922277 DOI: 10.1590/0001-376520242023089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The need for the identification of risk factors associated to COVID-19 disease severity remains urgent. Patients' care and resource allocation can be potentially different and are defined based on the current classification of disease severity. This classification is based on the analysis of clinical parameters and routine blood tests, which are not standardized across the globe. Some laboratory test alterations have been associated to COVID-19 severity, although these data are conflicting partly due to the different methodologies used across different studies. This study aimed to construct and validate a disease severity prediction model using machine learning (ML). Seventy-two patients admitted to a Brazilian hospital and diagnosed with COVID-19 through RT-PCR and/or ELISA, and with varying degrees of disease severity, were included in the study. Their electronic medical records and the results from daily blood tests were used to develop a ML model to predict disease severity. Using the above data set, a combination of five laboratorial biomarkers was identified as accurate predictors of COVID-19 severe disease with a ROC-AUC of 0.80 ± 0.13. Those biomarkers included prothrombin activity, ferritin, serum iron, ATTP and monocytes. The application of the devised ML model may help rationalize clinical decision and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayná E Lima
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Virologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Matheus V F Ferraz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Virologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-560 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carlos A A Brito
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Hospital das Clínicas, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Pamella B Ximenes
- Hospital dos Servidores Públicos do Estado de Pernambuco, Av. Conselheiro Rosa e Silva, s/n, Espinheiro, 52020-020 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carolline A Mariz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Parasitologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Braga
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Parasitologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Gabriel L Wallau
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Entomologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Isabelle F T Viana
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Virologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Roberto D Lins
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Virologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil
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Panagea E, Messinis L, Petri MC, Liampas I, Anyfantis E, Nasios G, Patrikelis P, Kosmidis M. Neurocognitive Impairment in Long COVID: A Systematic Review. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024:acae042. [PMID: 38850628 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory infectious disease, it has also been associated with a wide range of other clinical manifestations. It is widely accepted in the scientific community that many patients after recovery continue to experience COVID-19-related symptoms, including cognitive impairment. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the cognitive profile of patients with long-COVID syndrome. METHODS A systematic search of empirical studies was conducted through the PubMed/Medline and Scopus electronic databases. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies published between 2020 and 2023 were included. RESULTS Of the 516 studies assessed for eligibility, 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. All included studies support the presence of persistent cognitive changes after COVID-19 disease. Executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed appear to be the cognitive domains that are predominantly associated with long-COVID syndrome, whereas language is an area that has not been sufficiently investigated. CONCLUSIONS In this review, the high frequency of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 is evident. If we consider that cognitive functioning affects our ability to live independently and is a key determinant of our quality of life, it is imperative to precisely define those factors that may induce cognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivors, with the ultimate goal of early diagnosis of cognitive changes and, consequently, the development of targeted rehabilitation interventions to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Panagea
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambros Messinis
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Christina Petri
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Anyfantis
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Grigorios Nasios
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Patrikelis
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kang H, Choi Y, Kim H, Kim H, Jeong H. Sambou Bamboo salt™ down-regulates the expression levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in activated human mast cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1697-1705. [PMID: 38623440 PMCID: PMC11016022 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells have a detrimental impact on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Sambou Bamboo salt™ (BS) suppresses mast cell-mediated inflammatory response and enhances immunity. In this study, we investigated the regulatory effects of BS on expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease/serine subfamily member 2 (TMPRSS2) in human mast cell line (HMC)-1 cells. BS resulted in significant reductions in expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in activated HMC-1 cells. Levels of tryptase were reduced by BS. In addition, BS blocked activation of activator protein 1 (AP-1), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK), p38, and phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) in activated HMC-1 cells. Therefore, these results show that BS reduces levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and tryptase by inhibiting AP-1/JNK/p38/PI3K signaling pathways in mast cells. These findings can serve as valuable foundational data for the development of therapeutic agents aimed at preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho‑Geun Kang
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Graduate School, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Yu‑Jin Choi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee‑Yun Kim
- BioChip Research Center, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung‑Min Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447 Korea
| | - Hyun‑Ja Jeong
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Graduate School, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
- BioChip Research Center, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-Ro, 79 Beon-Gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
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Kassie Getahun G, Sefefe H, Shitemaw T, Yirsaw Wubete B. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated determinants in Addis Ketema Sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A community-based study. Vaccine X 2024; 18:100481. [PMID: 38559754 PMCID: PMC10979260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the global surge in the Corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, people's efforts to combat the pandemic have been insufficient. The world has experienced a number of challenges in terms of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Therefore, understanding the community's willingness to receive the vaccine will aid in the creation and implementation of effective COVID-19 immunization. As a result, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors among adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study with 419 household heads was undertaken in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. To identify factors associated with the outcome and independent variables, bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were used. A 95% confidence interval and a p-value of less than 0.05 were deemed sufficient to declare a significant association. Results The level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 46.3 % (95 % CI: 43.87-48.73). Moreover, age groups above 58 years (AOR = 0.38, 95: CI: 0.17, 0.84), chronic disease (AOR: 2.09, 95 % CI: 1.28-3.42), a positive attitude (AOR: 1.64, 95 % CI: 1.29-2.04), being a Muslim (AOR: 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.19-0.71) and social support (AOR: 1.7, 95 % CI: 1.04-2.79) were all significantly related to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Conclusion The findings of this study revealed a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance. Age, chronic disease, attitude, and social support were significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Therefore, emphasis should be given for community mobilization, especially for the elderly, those with limited social engagement, and those who have a negative attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tewodros Shitemaw
- Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Krause JS, Cao Y, Forcier NM. Longitudinal Comparisons in Health, Participation, Life Satisfaction, and Depressive Symptoms From Pre- to Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Among People With Spinal Cord Injuries. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024:S0003-9993(24)01001-3. [PMID: 38762196 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify changes in health, health care utilization, participation, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms from before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic to after among ambulatory and nonambulatory participants with spinal cord injury. DESIGN Longitudinal study with the first measurement taken within 3 months prior to pandemic restrictions and 2 follow-ups at approximately 1-year intervals. SETTING Medical university. PARTICIPANTS Adult participants (N=219) with spinal cord injury, including ambulatory (n=155) and nonambulatory (n=64). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-report assessment of health outcomes from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; health service utilization including physician visits, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations; items from the Craig Handicap Assessment Reporting Technique; 3 life satisfaction scales from the Life Situation Questionnaire; and the brief version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS After using a z score correction for nonnormality, none of the time effects or interaction effects of time by ambulatory status were significant. Six comparisons between ambulatory and nonambulatory were statistically significant. Ambulatory participants reported 3 more days in poor physical health (P=.02; statistically significant) and 2 more days feeling worried, tense, or anxious in the last 30 days (P=.03). They visited the emergency department on 0.3 fewer occasions (P=.02) while reporting leaving the house 1 more day every week (P=.02), 2 hours more of sitting tolerance (P<.01), and 1 higher score of vocational satisfaction (P=.03). CONCLUSIONS The absence of statistically significant changes from before to after the pandemic and the absence of time by ambulatory status interactions suggest stability of outcomes, even in the presence of pandemic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Krause
- College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States.
| | - Yue Cao
- College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Noelle M Forcier
- College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
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11
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Thippeswamy SN, Nataraju KT. Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital; A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2024; 36:459-466. [PMID: 38745684 PMCID: PMC11090092 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.76275.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Sudden onset of olfactory dysfunction (OD) manifesting as hyposmia and/or anosmia occurred in many COVID-19 patients, with a frequency as high as 85.6%. Given the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, it is important to recognize the symptoms early so that the infected person can be diagnosed, isolated and treated early. Hence, this study was undertaken to know the prevalence of Sino-nasal symptoms with special reference to olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods It is a cross sectional observational study involving 160 COVID-19 patients aged 18 to 100 years selected by universal sampling. OD was analyzed and compared with various inflammatory markers and Sino-nasal symptoms. Patients were followed up until their discharge from the hospital or until death due to COVID-19 related health issues. Results Out of 160 subjects included in the study, 61.88 % of the study participants were males and 38.13% were females. The mean age was 44.50 ± 16.43 years. A total of 51 patients (31.87%) developed OD. Fifty one (31.87%) patients developed OD (anosmia/hyposmia). Among the individuals with anosmia/hyposmia, majority of patients (n=26) (50.98%) complained of more than 75% loss of smell sensation. Mean duration of anosmia/hyposmia was 9.92 ± 3.71 days. OD correlated with serum ferritin levels (p=0.0453). Conclusion Anosmia/hyposmia was found in significant proportion of patients with covid-19 which correlated with the disease severity and serum ferritin levels and hence can serve as surrogate marker of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamalesh Thagadur Nataraju
- Department of General Medicine, SS Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Davanagere, Karnataka, India.
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12
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Vajdi M, Karimi A, Hassanizadeh S, Farhangi MA, Bagherniya M, Askari G, Roufogalis BD, Davies NM, Sahebkar A. Effect of polyphenols against complications of COVID-19: current evidence and potential efficacy. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:307-327. [PMID: 38498260 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2019 and resulted in significant morbidity and mortality continues to be a significant global health challenge, characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune system dysfunction.. Developing therapies for preventing or treating COVID-19 remains an important goal for pharmacology and drug development research. Polyphenols are effective against various viral infections and can be extracted and isolated from plants without losing their therapeutic potential. Researchers have developed methods for separating and isolating polyphenols from complex matrices. Polyphenols are effective in treating common viral infections, including COVID-19, and can also boost immunity. Polyphenolic-based antiviral medications can mitigate SARS-CoV-2 enzymes vital to virus replication and infection. Individual polyphenolic triterpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinonoids, and tannins may also inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 protease. Polyphenol pharmacophore structures identified to date can explain their action and lead to the design of novel anti-COVID-19 compounds. Polyphenol-containing mixtures offer the advantages of a well-recognized safety profile with few known severe side effects. However, studies to date are limited, and further animal studies and randomized controlled trials are needed in future studies. The purpose of this study was to review and present the latest findings on the therapeutic impact of plant-derived polyphenols on COVID-19 infection and its complications. Exploring alternative approaches to traditional therapies could aid in developing novel drugs and remedies against coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shirin Hassanizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Basil D Roufogalis
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Cadore NA, Lord VO, Recamonde-Mendoza M, Kowalski TW, Vianna FSL. Meta-analysis of Transcriptomic Data from Lung Autopsy and Cellular Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:892-914. [PMID: 37486510 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 is a systemic disorder involving excessive inflammatory response, metabolic dysfunction, multi-organ damage, and several clinical features. Here, we performed a transcriptome meta-analysis investigating genes and molecular mechanisms related to COVID-19 severity and outcomes. First, transcriptomic data of cellular models of SARS-CoV-2 infection were compiled to understand the first response to the infection. Then, transcriptomic data from lung autopsies of patients deceased due to COVID-19 were compiled to analyze altered genes of damaged lung tissue. These analyses were followed by functional enrichment analyses and gene-phenotype association. A biological network was constructed using the disturbed genes in the lung autopsy meta-analysis. Central genes were defined considering closeness and betweenness centrality degrees. A sub-network phenotype-gene interaction analysis was performed. The meta-analysis of cellular models found genes mainly associated with cytokine signaling and other pathogen response pathways. The meta-analysis of lung autopsy tissue found genes associated with coagulopathy, lung fibrosis, multi-organ damage, and long COVID-19. Only genes DNAH9 and FAM216B were found perturbed in both meta-analyses. BLNK, FABP4, GRIA1, ATF3, TREM2, TPPP, TPPP3, FOS, ALB, JUNB, LMNA, ADRB2, PPARG, TNNC1, and EGR1 were identified as central elements among perturbed genes in lung autopsy and were found associated with several clinical features of severe COVID-19. Central elements were suggested as interesting targets to investigate the relation with features of COVID-19 severity, such as coagulopathy, lung fibrosis, and organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Araujo Cadore
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Oliveira Lord
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha, Brazil
| | - Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza
- Bioinformatics Core, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Institute of Informatics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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14
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Llanos AAM, Fong AJ, Ghosh N, Devine KA, O'Malley D, Paddock LE, Bandera EV, Hudson SV, Evens AM, Manne SL. COVID-19 perceptions, impacts, and experiences: a cross-sectional analysis among New Jersey cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv 2024; 18:439-449. [PMID: 35904727 PMCID: PMC9336177 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-022-01236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer survivors are particularly vulnerable to adverse COVID-19-related outcomes, but limited data exist on perceptions about the pandemic and related experiences in this group. METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis of 494 survivors of genitourinary, breast, gynecologic, colorectal, lung, melanoma, or thyroid cancer, from a larger study of cancer survivors in New Jersey, we assessed perceptions about COVID-19 threat, impacts, and experiences using three validated instruments. Responses were coded on a 7-point Likert scale, and subscales were averaged across included items, with higher scores indicating greater perceptions of COVID-19 threat and greater impacts and experiences because of the pandemic. Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine factors associated with higher scores, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS In general, cancer survivors reported moderate perceived COVID-19 threat (3 items, mean score = 3.71 ± 1.97), minimal COVID-19-related impacts (6 items, mean score = 2.23 ± 1.34), and COVID-19-related experiences (7 items, mean score = 2.17 ± 1.00). COVID-19 impact subscale scores varied little (mean subscale score range = 2.09 to 2.29), while COVID-19 experiences subscale scores were quite variable (mean subscale score range = 1.52 to 3.39). Asian American/Pacific Islander race, Black race, female sex, and having more cardiovascular and metabolic and other comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the perceived coronavirus threat questionnaire. Having completed the COVID-19 questionnaires earlier in the pandemic, younger age, American/Pacific Islander race, Hispanic ethnicity, and having more comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the COVID-19 impact questionnaire. Younger age, racial minority status, and having more cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities were associated with higher scores on the COVID-19 experience questionnaire. CONCLUSION Among cancer survivors in New Jersey-a state that experienced high rates of COVID-19 infection-sociodemographic and health-related factors (e.g., race and ethnicity, sex, and multimorbidity) correlate with greater perceptions of COVID-19 threat, impacts, and experiences. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Studies are needed to examine the influence of vaccination status on COVID-19 perceptions and identify inequities in clinical outcomes due to pandemic-related disruptions to cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adana A M Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Angela J Fong
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nabarun Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Katie A Devine
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Denalee O'Malley
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lisa E Paddock
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- New Jersey Department of Health, New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shawna V Hudson
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew M Evens
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sharon L Manne
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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15
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Ashktorab H, Oskrochi G, Challa SR, Chirumamilla LG, Saroya S, Dusmatova S, Shayegh N, Nair V, Senthilvelan K, Byer D, Morrison N, Grossi B, Barclay A, Smith T, Watson K, Rashid M, Rashid R, Deverapalli M, Latella G, Carethers JM, Youssef A, Brim H. Age, Gender, and Liver Enzyme Impact Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Minority Patient with Cancer in the USA: Does Race Matters in the Pandemic? ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND MEDICAL CASE REPORTS 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38633403 PMCID: PMC11022387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Patients with cancer are known to have a poor prognosis when infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed in this study to assess health outcomes in COVID-19 patients with different cancers in comparison to non-cancer COVID-19 patients from different centers in the United States (US). We evaluated medical records of 1,943 COVID-19 Cancer patients from 3 hospitals admitted between December 2019 to October 2021 and compared them with non-cancer COVID-19 patients. Among 1,943 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 18.7% (n=364) have an active or previous history of cancer. Among these 364 cancer patients, 222 were African Americans (61.7%) and 121 were Caucasians (33.2%). Cancer patients had significantly longer hospitalization compared to controls (8.24 vs 6.7 days). Overall, Lung cancer is associated with high mortality. Patients with a previous history of cancer were more prone to death (p=0.04) than active cancer patients. In univariate and multivariate analyses, predictors of death among cancer patients were male sex, older age, presence of dyspnea, elevated troponin, elevated AST (0.001) and ALT (0.05), low albumin (p=0.04) and mechanical ventilation (p=0.001). Patients with a previous history of cancer were more prone to death when compared to active cancer COVID-19 patients. Early recognition of cancer COVID-19 patients' death-associated risk factors can help determine appropriate treatment and management plans for better prognosis and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - G Oskrochi
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - S R Challa
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - L G Chirumamilla
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - S Saroya
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - S Dusmatova
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - N Shayegh
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - V Nair
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - K Senthilvelan
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - D Byer
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - N Morrison
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - B Grossi
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - A Barclay
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - T Smith
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - K Watson
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - M Rashid
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - R Rashid
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - M Deverapalli
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - G Latella
- Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J M Carethers
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, USA
| | - A Youssef
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Human Genetics and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Brim
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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16
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Montserrat-Capdevila J, Fornells-Barberà I, Roso-Llorach A, Olivares-Sanzo P, Romero-Gracia A, Ichart JX. [Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the population: Study in primary care]. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:102813. [PMID: 38039619 PMCID: PMC10711385 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 and the characteristics of infected patients, as well as the prevalence of mental disorders associated with the infection and the associated risk factors. Secondary: to know the prevalence of the long COVID syndrome and the characteristics of this cohort. DESIGN Incidence study of mental disorder in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and case-control study of long COVID syndrome in the subsample of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 without a history of mental disorder. SITE: Primary care setting in Lleida. PARTICIPANTS The 46,258 patients diagnosed of COVID-19 without a history of mental disorder were followed for 2 years. MAIN MEASUREMENTS The dependent variable was the mental disorder in the period 03/11/2020 to 03/11/2022; and the independent variables were clinical and social variables. Its association with mental disorder was analyzed by calculating the adjusted hazard ratio using a logistic regression model. RESULTS The average age of 46,258 patients at the beginning of the study was 43±17.9 years. 47% were women. The mental disorder rate for all period was 3.46% (59.20% anxiety). A predictive score was elaborated. The long COVID syndrome was more common in older women, without toxic habits, with obesity and associated comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has had an impact on the mental health of patients. Knowing the risk factors for developing these mental disorders and the long COVID syndrome would allow the clinician to be able to identify patients at risk in order to establish preventive measures and avoid their appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Montserrat-Capdevila
- Unitat Docent Multiprofessional d'Atenció Familiar i Comunitària (UDMAFIC) Lleida, Lleida, España; Fundació d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut (IDIAP), Barcelona, España; Atenció Primària Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Lleida, España; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Lleida, España.
| | - Immaculada Fornells-Barberà
- Equip d'Assessorament i d'Orientació Psicopedagògic (EAP) Ll-02 Segrià (Sector B). Departament d'Educació, Generalitat de Catalunya, España
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Fundació d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut (IDIAP), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, España
| | - Pau Olivares-Sanzo
- Unitat Docent Multiprofessional d'Atenció Familiar i Comunitària (UDMAFIC) Lleida, Lleida, España; Fundació d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut (IDIAP), Barcelona, España; Atenció Primària Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Lleida, España
| | - Albert Romero-Gracia
- Fundació d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut (IDIAP), Barcelona, España; Atenció Primària Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Lleida, España
| | - J Xavier Ichart
- Àrea de Gestió Clínica, Direcció d'Atenció Primària Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Lleida, España; Fundació d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut (IDIAP), Barcelona, España
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Chenhuichen C, Marín-Epelde I, Ramón-Espinoza F, Sánchez-Latorre M, Gonzales Montejo NJ, Pozo Vico A, Librero López J, Casas-Herrero A. [Epidemiological, clinical, and functional characteristics of patients older than 75 years admitted to a tertiary hospital during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2024; 59:101449. [PMID: 38064873 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2023.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study is to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and functional characteristics of patients admitted to the University Hospital of Navarra due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the predictors of mortality, during the first wave of the pandemic caused by this virus. METHODOLOGY An observational, retrospective study was performed, including all hospitalized patients older than 75 years. Information has been obtained on multiple variables, among which it is worth mentioning previous geriatric syndromes or those that have appeared during hospitalization, or past medical history considered relevant in SARS-CoV-2 infection. A descriptive analysis of the data, comparisons according to various factors of interest and multivariate analysis to analyze factors associated with mortality were carried out. RESULTS Data have been obtained from a total of 426 patients with a mean age of 83.2 years (52.6% men). 34.7% died in hospital and 4.5% within 1 month after hospital discharge. The factors related to mortality were: worse baseline functional status, chronic kidney disease, and fever or dyspnea as forms of presentation. The most frequent typical symptoms were: fever, dyspnea, cough, asthenia and hyporexia. Up to 42.1% presented delirium as a symptom of atypical onset. We observed a functional deterioration that was not recover after a month of follow-up (baseline Barthel index 81.12; 70.08 at discharge; 75.55 after a month). CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused high mortality rates in older adults. In this age group, the atypical presentation of this disease and functional deterioration during hospitalization are frequent. In the present study, a worse previous functional status has been identified as a predictor of mortality. More studies are needed to evaluate the impact that the disease and hospitalization have on the older patient, with the aim of implementing preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures that are necessary to avoid functional deterioration and adverse health events related to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Chenhuichen
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Itxaso Marín-Epelde
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | | | - Marina Sánchez-Latorre
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | | | - Ana Pozo Vico
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Julián Librero López
- Biomedical Research Centre of the Government of Navarre (Navarrabiomed), , Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Alvaro Casas-Herrero
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Navarra, España; Biomedical Research Centre of the Government of Navarre (Navarrabiomed), , Pamplona, Navarra, España; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
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Wu X, Xu K, Zhan P, Liu H, Zhang F, Song Y, Lv T. Comparative efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in phase III trials: a network meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:234. [PMID: 38383356 PMCID: PMC10880292 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over a dozen vaccines are in or have completed phase III trials at an unprecedented speed since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. In this review, we aimed to compare and rank these vaccines indirectly in terms of efficacy and safety using a network meta-analysis. METHODS We searched Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library for phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from their inception to September 30, 2023. Two investigators independently selected articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Outcomes included efficacy in preventing symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) according to vaccine type and individual vaccines in adults and elderly individuals. The risk ratio and mean differences were calculated with 95% confidence intervals using a Bayesian network meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 25 RCTs involving 22 vaccines were included in the study. None of vaccines had a higher incidence of SAEs than the placebo. Inactivated virus vaccines might be the safest, with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value of 0.16. BIV1-CovIran showed the highest safety index (SUCRA value: 0.13), followed by BBV152, Soberana, Gam-COVID-Vac, and ZF2001. There were no significant differences among the various types of vaccines regarding the efficacy in preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, although there was a trend toward higher efficacy of the mRNA vaccines (SUCRA value: 0.09). BNT162b2 showed the highest efficacy (SUCRA value: 0.02) among the individual vaccines, followed by mRNA-1273, Abdala, Gam-COVID-Vac, and NVX-CoV2373. BNT162b2 had the highest efficacy (SUCRA value: 0.08) in the elderly population, whereas CVnCoV, CoVLP + AS03, and CoronaVac were not significantly different from the placebo. CONCLUSIONS None of the different types of vaccines were significantly superior in terms of efficacy, while mRNA vaccines were significantly inferior in safety to other types. BNT162b2 had the highest efficacy in preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults and the elderly, whereas BIV1-CovIran had the lowest incidence of SAEs in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yong Song
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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Dye BV, Coba JA, Dayton CL, Cadena J, Anstead GM. Flea-Borne Typhus as a COVID-19 Mimic: A Report of Four Cases. Case Rep Infect Dis 2024; 2024:9914306. [PMID: 38384261 PMCID: PMC10881251 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9914306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Flea-borne typhus (FBT), due to Rickettsia typhi and R. felis, is an infection causing fever, headache, rash, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and diverse organ manifestations. Cough occurs in about 30% of patients with FBT, and chest X-ray abnormalities are seen in 17%. Severe pulmonary manifestations have also been reported in FBT, including adult respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary embolism. Because of these pulmonary manifestations, FBT can mimic Coronavirus Illness 2019 (COVID-19), a febrile illness with prominent respiratory involvement. Flea-borne typhus and COVID-19 may also have similar laboratory abnormalities, including elevated ferritin, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer. However, elevated transaminase levels, rash, and thrombocytopenia are more common in FBT. Herein, we present four cases of patients with FBT who were initially suspected to have COVID-19. These cases illustrate the problem of availability bias, in which the clinician thinks a particular common condition (COVID-19 in this case) is more prevalent than it actually is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley V. Dye
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jose Alejandro Coba
- San Antonio Infectious Diseases Consultants, 8042 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Christopher L. Dayton
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jose Cadena
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Gregory M. Anstead
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Thakkar R, Rangraze IR, Gabhale SD, Ram J, Devarapalli N, Kudagi VS, Tiwari R. Correlation of ABO Blood Group Susceptibility to Disease Severity of SARS-COV-2: An Original Research. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S372-S375. [PMID: 38595378 PMCID: PMC11000950 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_595_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, the Ecumenical Pandemic that hit Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in 2019 has instigated an emergency situation all over the globe. Current scientific corroborations highlighted the role of zoonotic cross-over species transmission for the spread of the deadly virus SARSCoV2. The proposition of ABO blood grouping to susceptibility for various infectious diseases has been documented in the past since blood group antigens constitute polymorphic traits that are inherited among humans, therefore are frequent targets in epidemiological studies. Aim To correlate the ABO blood group susceptibility to disease severity in COVID-19-positive cases among Indian populations. Objectives Association of ABO blood group patterns to disease severity in COVID-19-positive cases. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional, observational study design was conducted among 700 confirmed COVID-19-positive cases admitted to the tertiary health care center in Maharashtra, India. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis. Results Blood group 'A' positive was frequent (40%) in severe COVID-19 (E group) disease, and 'O' positive blood group was frequent in moderate COVID-19 disease (34.62%). Conclusion ABO Blood grouping can be used as one of the efficient biomarker for COVID-19, thereby providing a new platform for therapeutic applications in the field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Thakkar
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Imran R. Rangraze
- Department of Internal Medicine, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sanjay D. Gabhale
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jagjeewan Ram
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, G. S. V. M. Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nagaraju Devarapalli
- Department Of Microbiology, DVVPF’s Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vishal S. Kudagi
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Tiwari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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de Castro Alcantara AC, Rocha HAL, de Oliveira JL, Baraliakos X, Rocha FAC. Having chronic back pain did not impact COVID-19 outcome in a low-income population - a retrospective observational study. Adv Rheumatol 2024; 64:7. [PMID: 38212832 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic back pain (CBP) is a major cause of years lived with disability. Social inequalities increase the prevalence and burden of CBP. Management of CBP was affected by restricted access to non-pharmacological treatments and outdoor activities during COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of CBP among patients with COVID-19 as well as the impact of having CBP in COVID-19 outcome in our low-income population. METHODS Retrospective cohort of individuals with confirmed COVID diagnosis from May 2020 - March 2021, at Hospital Regional UNIMED (HRU) in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data included comorbidities and household income. RESULTS Among 1,487 patients, 600 (40.3%) were classified as having CBP. Mean age as well as income were similar in CBP and non-CBP groups, with more women in the CBP group. Hypertension and asthma, but not diabetes, were more prevalent in those with CBP. Need for emergency care, hospitalization, and admission to intensive care unit were similar regardless of having CBP. Dyspnea was more common in CBP vs. non-CBP groups, with 48.8% vs. 39.4% percentages, respectively (p = 0.0004). CONCLUSION Having CBP prior to COVID did not impact the acute clinical outcome of COVID individuals of a low-income population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francisco Airton Castro Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Instituto de Biomedicina - Laboratório de Investigação em Osteoartropatias, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 -1º. Andar Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP: 60430-270, Brazil.
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Matheus S, Houcke S, Lontsi Ngoulla GR, Higel N, Ba A, Cook F, Gourjault C, Nkontcho F, Demar M, Nacher M, Djossou F, Hommel D, Résiere D, Pujo JM, Kallel H. Mortality Trend of Severe COVID-19 in Under-Vaccinated Population Admitted to ICU in French Amazonia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38251212 PMCID: PMC10820344 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Until December 2021, French Guiana (FG), located in South America, faced four consecutive COVID-19 epidemic waves. This study sought to analyze the mortality trend of severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the referral ICU of FG. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and non-interventional study in ICU at Cayenne Hospital. We included 383 patients older than 18 admitted with SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia hospitalized from May 2020 to December 2021. The study covers three periods. Period 1 (Waves 1 and 2, original variant), period 2 (Wave 3, Gamma variant), and period 3 (Wave 4, Delta variant). (3) Results: The median age was 63 years (52-70). Frailty was diagnosed in 36 patients over 70 (32.4%). Only 4.8% of patients were vaccinated. The median ICU LOS was 10 days (6-19). Hospital mortality was 37.3%. It was 30.9% in period 1, 36.6% in period 2 (p = 0.329 vs. period 1), and 47.1% in period 3 (0.015 vs. period 1). In multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with hospital mortality included age greater than 40 years (]40-60 years] OR = 5.2, 95%CI: 1.4-19.5; (]60-70 years] OR = 8.5, 95%CI: 2.2-32; (]70+ years] OR = 17.9, 95%CI: 4.5-70.9), frailty (OR = 5.6, 95%CI: 2.2-17.2), immunosuppression (OR = 2.6, 95%CI: 1.05-6.7), and MV use (OR = 11, 95%CI: 6.1-19.9). This model had an overall sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 80.4%, a positive predictive value of 68.7%, and a negative predictive value of 82.8%. (4) Conclusions: The mortality of severe COVID-19 patients in French Amazonia was higher during the Delta variant wave. This over-death could be explained by the virulence of the responsible SARS-CoV-2 variant and the under-vaccination coverage of the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Matheus
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Stéphanie Houcke
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Guy Roger Lontsi Ngoulla
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Nicolas Higel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Abesetou Ba
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Fabrice Cook
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Cyrille Gourjault
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Flaubert Nkontcho
- Pharmacy Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
| | - Magalie Demar
- Polyvalent Biology Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (F.D.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Clinical Investigation Center Antilles French Guiana (CIC INSERM 1424), Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
| | - Félix Djossou
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (F.D.); (J.M.P.)
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Didier Hommel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Dabor Résiere
- Intensive Care Unit, Martinique University Hospital, Fort de France 97261, Martinique;
| | - Jean Marc Pujo
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (F.D.); (J.M.P.)
- Emergency Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (S.M.); (S.H.); (G.R.L.N.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (D.H.)
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana; (F.D.); (J.M.P.)
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Hussain MS, Sharma G. The Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Due to COVID-19 Pandemic. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:40-50. [PMID: 35987194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that produces respiratory symptoms and has serious consequences for people's cardiovascular systems (CVS). It is a severe issue and a major task not only for health care experts but also for governments to contain this pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the human coronavirus family to be implicated in this zoonotic outbreak. COVID-19's CV interactions are comparable to those of SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), and influenza. Those who have COVID-19 and underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are at a higher risk of serious illness and mortality, and disease has been linked to several direct and indirect CV consequences. COVID-19 causes CVDs such as arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, myocarditis, stress-cardiomyopathy, and acute myocardial damage (AMD) as a consequence of acute coronary syndrome. The provision of CV care may expose health care professionals to risk as they become hosts or vectors of viral transmission. It binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor, causing constitutional and pulmonary signs in the beginning, and then as the infection advances, it affects other organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, CVS, neurological system, and so on. COVID-19 mortality is increased by underlying CVDs comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ganesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Wasilewski MB, Szigeti Z, Sheppard CL, Minezes J, Hitzig SL, Mayo AL, Robinson LR, Lung M, Simpson R. "You want them to be partners in therapy, but that's tricky when they're not there": A qualitative study exploring caregiver involvement across the continuum of care during the early COVID pandemic. Clin Rehabil 2024; 38:109-118. [PMID: 37518867 PMCID: PMC10631287 DOI: 10.1177/02692155231191011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Widespread visitor restrictions were implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic at acute and inpatient rehabilitation hospitals. Family caregivers were physically isolated from their loved ones, which challenged engagement in patient care and readiness for their role. Thus, we aimed to explore the involvement of family caregivers in COVID-19 patients as they journeyed across the care continuum during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN We employed a qualitative descriptive approach. PARTICIPANTS We conducted interviews with family caregivers, COVID-19 patients, and healthcare providers between August 2020 and February 2021. SETTING Participants were recruited from a single hospital network in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed thematically. RESULTS A total of 27 participants were interviewed-12 healthcare providers, 10 patients, and 5 family caregivers. Four themes were identified: (a) Caregivers were shut out in acute COVID care, (b) Patient discharge from inpatient rehabilitation was turbulent for caregivers, (c) Caregivers were unprepared to support loved ones in the community, and (d) Patient discharge to home was heavily dependent on caregiver availability. CONCLUSIONS Visitor restrictions prevent family caregivers from being physically present at patients' bedside, leading to complex and detrimental impacts such as caregivers feeling that they were not engaged in their loved one's care planning until they were discharged. In turn, discharge to the community was met with several challenges including caregivers feeling underprepared and unsupported to meet their loved one's unique care requirements. This was exacerbated by a lack of community-based resources due to ongoing pandemic restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina B Wasilewski
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zara Szigeti
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine L Sheppard
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Minezes
- Musculoskeletal/STAR Rehab and Restorative Transitional Unit, St John's Rehab, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sander L Hitzig
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda L Mayo
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lawrence R Robinson
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria Lung
- Musculoskeletal/STAR Rehab and Restorative Transitional Unit, St John's Rehab, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Simpson
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sharma N, Chahal A, Sharma A. Chest Physiotherapy Interventions for Children During SARS-COV-2 Pandemic. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:96-107. [PMID: 37098728 PMCID: PMC10133862 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231169892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the first case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2/Coronavirus Disease 2019 (SARS-COV-2/COVID-19) was discovered in Wuhan, China, it spread to vast limits globally and became a public health disaster, affecting nearly all countries around the globe. Along with mainstream medical treatment, alternative medicine desperately was the need of the hour for youngsters to manage their symptoms while being self-quarantined and ultimately to improve their chances of survival and recovery from COVID-19. Since the beginning of SARS-COV-2, few studies address the clinical-functional presentation of viral infection and management with physiotherapy for children. Major online electronic databases PubMed, PEDro, and Google Scholar were researched to identify, organize and commission the current review. To create a search strategy, Medical Subject Headings and Descriptors of Science and Health were utilized. The authors looked for other studies by screening the references list of the potentially pertinent papers. These computerized searches turned up studies and those studies' bibliographies with pertinent citations were examined. Personal protective equipment was a crucial component for protection and contact precaution. Following hypoxia, effective oxygen therapy is administered right away. When necessary, under the right circumstances, nasal high-flow oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, lung-protective breathing methods, and prone positioning can be used. Children with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 may benefit from physiotherapy interventions with a focus on ventilatory management, airway clearance procedures, early activities, and mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Neurological Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 20320, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Paediatric and Neonatal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
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Douda L, Hasnat H, Schwank J, Nassar S, Jackson NM, Flynn JC, Gardiner J, Misra DP, Sankari A. Predictors of Intensive Care Unit Admissions in Patients Presenting with Coronavirus Disease 2019. Avicenna J Med 2024; 14:45-53. [PMID: 38694135 PMCID: PMC11057900 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increased mortality rates among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) highlight a compelling need to establish predictive criteria for ICU admissions. The aim of our study was to identify criteria for recognizing patients with COVID-19 at elevated risk for ICU admission. Methods We identified patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were hospitalized between March and May 2020. Patients' data were manually abstracted through review of electronic medical records. An ICU admission prediction model was derived from a random sample of half the patients using multivariable logistic regression. The model was validated with the remaining half of the patients using c-statistic. Results We identified 1,094 patients; 204 (18.6%) were admitted to the ICU. Correlates of ICU admission were age, body mass index (BMI), quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score, arterial oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, platelet count, and white blood cell count. The c-statistic in the derivation subset (0.798, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.748, 0.848) and the validation subset (0.764, 95% CI: 0.706, 0.822) showed excellent comparability. At 22% predicted probability for ICU admission, the derivation subset estimated sensitivity was 0.721, (95% CI: 0.637, 0.804) and specificity was 0.763, (95% CI: 0.722, 0.804). Our pilot predictive model identified the combination of age, BMI, qSOFA score, and oxygenation status as significant predictors for ICU admission. Conclusion ICU admission among patients with COVID-19 can be predicted by age, BMI, level of hypoxia, and severity of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahib Douda
- Department of Medical Education, Ascension Providence Hospital/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, Michigan, United States
| | - Heraa Hasnat
- Department of Medical Education, Ascension Providence Hospital/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, Michigan, United States
| | - Jennifer Schwank
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Sarien Nassar
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Nancy M. Jackson
- Department of Medical Education, Ascension Providence Hospital/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, Michigan, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Flynn
- Department of Medical Education, Ascension Providence Hospital/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, Michigan, United States
| | - Joseph Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Dawn P. Misra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Abdulghani Sankari
- Department of Medical Education, Ascension Providence Hospital/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, Michigan, United States
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
- Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
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Pietruszka-Wałęka E, Rząd M, Żabicka M, Rożyńska R, Miklusz P, Zieniuk-Lesiak E, Jahnz-Różyk K. Impact of Symptomatology, Clinical and Radiological Severity of COVID-19 on Pulmonary Function Test Results and Functional Capacity during Follow-Up among Survivors. J Clin Med 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 38202052 PMCID: PMC10779755 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the most commonly observed complications after COVID-19 is persistent pulmonary impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of individual factors during the acute phase of COVID-19 on subsequent pulmonary function test results. The study involved 46 patients who were admitted to hospital due to respiratory failure caused by SARS-CoV-2 and who were assessed during follow-up visits at 3 and 9 months after discharge. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the severity of respiratory failure. The severe group included patients requiring mechanical ventilation or HFNOT. The results of the study showed that a severe course of the disease was associated with a lower FVC and a higher FEV1/FVC ratio 3 months after discharge (both p < 0.05). In addition, it has been revealed that the length of hospitalization is a factor that negatively impacts the FEV1, FVC and TLC values measured at follow-up after 3 months. Furthermore, the obtained results identify the presence of cough in the acute phase of the disease as a factor having a positive impact on several PFT parameters (especially the FEV1/FVC ratio) as well as the 6MWT outcome after 3 months. The FVC improved significantly (p < 0.05) between the follow-up visits. The findings may indicate that COVID-19-induced respiratory dysfunction is usually temporary and spontaneously resolves during recovery. Recovery is slower in those who required more intensive oxygenation. The results of this study may be useful in identifying patients who require more intensive and longer rehabilitation after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pietruszka-Wałęka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Rząd
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Żabicka
- Department of Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Rożyńska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Miklusz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Zieniuk-Lesiak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karina Jahnz-Różyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
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Freitas MTDS, Sena LOC, Fukutani KF, dos Santos CA, Neto FDCB, Ribeiro JS, dos Reis ES, Balbino VDQ, de Sá Paiva Leitão S, de Aragão Batista MV, Lipscomb MW, de Moura TR. The increase in SARS-CoV-2 lineages during 2020-2022 in a state in the Brazilian Northeast is associated with a number of cases. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1222152. [PMID: 38186707 PMCID: PMC10771345 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1222152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has caused a high number of deaths in several countries. In Brazil, there were 37 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 700,000 deaths caused by the disease. The population size and heterogeneity of the Brazilian population should be considered in epidemiological surveillance due to the varied tropism of the virus. As such, municipalities and states must be factored in for their unique specificities, such as socioeconomic conditions and population distribution. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal dispersion of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages and their dynamics in each microregion from Sergipe state, northeastern Brazil, in the first 3 years of the pandemic. We analyzed 586 genomes sequenced between March 2020 and November 2022 extracted from the GISAID database. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out for each data set to reconstruct evolutionary history. Finally, the existence of a correlation between the number of lineages and infection cases by SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated. Aracaju, the largest city in northeastern Brazil, had the highest number of samples sequenced. This represented 54.6% (320) of the genomes, and consequently, the largest number of lineages identified. Studies also analyzed the relationship between mean lineage distributions and mean monthly infections, daily cases, daily deaths, and hospitalizations of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. For this, a correlation matrix was created. Results revealed that the increase in the average number of SARS-CoV-2 variants was related to the average number of SARS-CoV-2 cases in both unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals. Thus, our data indicate that it is necessary to maintain epidemiological surveillance, especially in capital cities, since they have a high rate of circulation of resident and non-resident inhabitants, which contributes to the dynamics of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Thiago de Souza Freitas
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Oliveira Carvalho Sena
- Health Foundation Parreiras Horta, Central Laboratory of Public Health (LACEN/SE), Sergipe State Health Secretariat, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Kiyoshi Ferreira Fukutani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Cliomar Alves dos Santos
- Health Foundation Parreiras Horta, Central Laboratory of Public Health (LACEN/SE), Sergipe State Health Secretariat, Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | - Julienne Sousa Ribeiro
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
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Alshahrani A, Almoahzieie A, Alshareef H, Alammash BB, Alhamidi S, Meraya AM, Alshammari AS, Ajlan A, Alghofaili A, Alnassar A, Alshahrani N, Aldossari M, Alkhaldi T, Alwazzeh MJ, Almashouf AB, Alkuwaiti FA, Alghamdi SH, Alshehri O, Ali M. Death and Venous Thromboembolism Analyses among Hospitalized COVID-19-Positive Patients: A Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7624. [PMID: 38137692 PMCID: PMC10743652 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulation disorders are frequently encountered among patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially among admitted patients with more severe symptoms. This study aims to determine the mortality rate and incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted from March to July 2020 using a hospital database. All adult patients (>18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included. Laboratory data and the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 were obtained from medical records. The mortality rate and the incidence of VTE were established as study results. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of thrombotic events. RESULTS rA total of 1024 confirmed COVID-19 patients were treated, of whom 110 (10.7%) were deceased and 58 patients (5.7%) developed VTE. Death occurred more frequently in patients older than 50 years and those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU, 95%) and who received mechanical ventilation (62.7%). Multivariate analysis revealed that cancer patients were two times more likely to have VTE (adjusted odds ratio = 2.614; 95% CI = (1.048-6.519); p = 0.039). Other chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease, were not associated with an increased risk of VTE. CONCLUSIONS One-tenth of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were deceased, and VTE was prevalent among patients with chronic conditions, such as cancer, despite anticoagulation therapy. Healthcare professionals should closely monitor individuals with a high risk of developing VTE to prevent unwanted complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Almoahzieie
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alshareef
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Buthinah B. Alammash
- Department of Pharmaceutical care services, King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, AL Madinah Munawara 42351, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Alhamidi
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy Practice Research, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82722, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah S. Alshammari
- Pharmaceutical Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 24331, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Ajlan
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alnajla Alghofaili
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdullah Alnassar
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Nada Alshahrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sultan Medical City, Riyadh 12624, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maram Aldossari
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turkiah Alkhaldi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan J. Alwazzeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah B. Almashouf
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras A. Alkuwaiti
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shrouq Hamed Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Muhammad bin Abdualaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12769, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohuod Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mostafa Ali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Ishihara T, Tagami T, Hirayama A, Nakamura Y, Sueyoshi K, Okamoto K, Tanaka H. Therapeutic interventions and the length of hospital stay for pediatric patients with COVID-19: a multicenter cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21450. [PMID: 38052970 PMCID: PMC10697937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence for pediatric patients with COVID-19 was very limited, which was attributed to the small number of the cases as well as the rare incidence of severe pneumonia in this population. This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify the characteristics of pediatric patients with COVID-19 in the early period of the pandemic by analyzing Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data in Japan. This retrospective cohort analysis of Japanese multicenter research on COVID-19 using DPC data compared the outcomes and costs of treatment for pediatric patients with COVID-19. Of 4700 patients with COVID-19, 186 pediatric patients were included in this study. Among the included pediatric patients, 17 received therapeutic drugs specifically for COVID-19, while the remaining 169 pediatric patients received only symptomatic therapy. There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay (9 vs. 8 days, p = 0.96), and medical cost (97,585 vs. 73,291 JPY) for the intervention and control groups, respectively by multiple regression analysis. This is the first epidemiological study to use DPC data to summarize the pathophysiology of pediatric patients in the early period of COVID-19 pandemic. There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay or medical cost by intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ishihara
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu-city, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
| | - Takashi Tagami
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-city, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu-city, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sueyoshi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu-city, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu-city, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu-city, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
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Aktiz Bıçak E, Oğlak SC. Clinical characterisation and management outcome of obstetric patients following intensive care unit admission for COVID-19 pneumonia. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2218915. [PMID: 37289641 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2218915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics and mortality-related factors of obstetric patients, who were taken to the intensive care unit due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study included 31 patients in the peripartum period with COVID-19 pneumonia, followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU) from March 2020 to December 2020. Symptoms, laboratory values, intensive care unit duration of stay, complications, the requirement of non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality were recorded. The mean age was 30.7 ± 6.2 years and the mean gestational age was 31.1 ± 6.4 weeks. Among the patients, 25.8% had a fever, 87.1% had a cough, 96.8% had dyspnoea and 77.4% had tachypnoea. Seventeen patients (54.8%) had mild, 6 (19.4%) had moderate and 8 (25.8%) had severe pulmonary involvement on computed tomography. Sixteen (51.6%) patients required high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, 6 (19.3%) patients required continuous positive airway pressure, and 5 (16.1%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. Sepsis complicated by septic shock and multiorgan failure occurred in 4 patients and all of them died. The ICU duration of stay was 4.9 ± 4.3 days. We have found that older maternal age, obesity, high LDH, AST, ALT, ferritin, leukocyte, CRP, and procalcitonin values, and severe lung involvement were mortality-related factors.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Pregnant women are in the high-risk group for Covid-19 disease and its complications. Although most pregnant women are asymptomatic, severe infection-related hypoxia can cause serious foetal and maternal problems.What do the results of this study add? When we examined the literature, we found that the number of studies on pregnant women with severe Covid-19 infection was limited. For this reason, with our study results, we aim to contribute to the literature by determining the biochemical parameters and patient-related factors associated with severe infection and mortality in pregnant patients with severe Covid-19 infection.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? With our study results, predisposing factors for the development of severe Covid-19 infection in the pregnant patient population and biochemical parameters that are early indicators of severe infection were determined. In this way, pregnant women in the high-risk group can be followed closely and the necessary treatments can be started quickly so disease-related complications and mortality can be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Aktiz Bıçak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Health Sciences University, Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Cemil Oğlak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Health Sciences University, Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Madera‐Sandoval RL, Cérbulo‐Vázquez A, Arriaga‐Pizano LA, Cabrera‐Rivera GL, Basilio‐Gálvez E, Miranda‐Cruz PE, García de la Rosa MT, Prieto‐Chávez JL, Rivero‐Arredondo SV, Cruz‐Cruz A, Rodríguez‐Hernández D, Salazar‐Ríos ME, Salazar‐Ríos E, Serrano‐Molina ED, De Lira‐Barraza RC, Villanueva‐Compean AH, Esquivel‐Pineda A, Ramírez‐Montes de Oca R, Unzueta‐Marta O, Flores‐Padilla G, Anda‐Garay JC, Sánchez‐Hurtado LA, Calleja‐Alarcón S, Romero‐Gutiérrez L, Torres‐Rosas R, Bonifaz LC, Pelayo R, Márquez‐Márquez E, López‐Macías CIIIR, Ferat‐Osorio E. Potential biomarkers for fatal outcome prognosis in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2687-2699. [PMID: 37873554 PMCID: PMC10719476 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulty in predicting fatal outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts the general morbidity and mortality due to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection, as it wears out the hospital services that care for these patients. Unfortunately, in several of the candidates for prognostic biomarkers proposed, the predictive power is compromised when patients have pre-existing comorbidities. A cohort of 147 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 was included in a descriptive, observational, single-center, and prospective study. Patients were recruited during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave (April-November 2020). Data were collected from the clinical history whereas immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry analysis allowed us to assess the expression of surface markers on peripheral leucocyte. Patients were grouped according to the outcome in survivors or non-survivors. The prognostic value of leucocyte, cytokines or HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73 was calculated. Hypertension and chronic renal failure but not obesity and diabetes were conditions more frequent among the deceased patient group. Mixed hypercytokinemia, including inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, was more evident in deceased patients. In the deceased patient group, lymphopenia with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was present. HLA-DR expression and the percentage of CD39+ cells were higher than non-COVID-19 patients but remained similar despite the outcome. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and cutoff value of NLR (69.6%, 9.4), percentage NLR (pNLR; 71.1%, 13.6), and IL-6 (79.7%, 135.2 pg/mL). The expression of HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73, as many serum cytokines (other than IL-6) and chemokines levels do not show prognostic potential, were compared to NLR and pNLR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lizzeth Madera‐Sandoval
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | - Lourdes Andrea Arriaga‐Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Graciela Libier Cabrera‐Rivera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Edna Basilio‐Gálvez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado de Ciencias Químicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Patricia Esther Miranda‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Teresa García de la Rosa
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Jessica Lashkmin Prieto‐Chávez
- Centro de Instrumentos, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Silvia Vanessa Rivero‐Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Alonso Cruz‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Daniela Rodríguez‐Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Eugenia Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Enrique Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Esli David Serrano‐Molina
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Alejandra Esquivel‐Pineda
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rubén Ramírez‐Montes de Oca
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Omar Unzueta‐Marta
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Guillermo Flores‐Padilla
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Juan Carlos Anda‐Garay
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Luis Alejandro Sánchez‐Hurtado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Salvador Calleja‐Alarcón
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Laura Romero‐Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rafael Torres‐Rosas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO)Oaxaca de JuárezMexico
| | - Laura C. Bonifaz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de OrienteIMSSPueblaMexico
- Unidad de Educación e Investigación, IMSSCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Eduardo Ferat‐Osorio
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
- División de Investigación en Salud, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
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Varghese R, Digholkar G, Karsiya J, Salvi S, Shah J, Kumar D, Sharma R. PDE5 inhibitors: breaking new grounds in the treatment of COVID-19. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2023; 38:295-307. [PMID: 38167268 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2023-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the ever-increasing occurrences of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases around the world, very few medications have been validated in the clinical trials to combat COVID-19. Although several vaccines have been developed in the past quarter, the time elapsed between deployment and administration remains a major impediment. CONTENT Repurposing of pre-approved drugs, such as phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, could be a game-changer while lessening the burden on the current healthcare system. Repurposing and developing phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors could extrapolate their utility to combat the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and potentially aid in the management of the symptoms associated with its newer variants such as BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1.5, and XBB.1.16. SUMMARY Administration of PDE5 inhibitors via the oral and intravenous route demonstrates other potential off-label benefits, including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, by intercepting several pathways. These effects can not only be of clinical importance in mild-to-moderate, but also moderate-to-severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. This article explores the various mechanisms by which PDE5 inhibitors alleviates the symptoms associated with COVID-19 as well as well as highlights recent studies and findings. OUTLOOK These benefits of PDE5 inhibitors make it a potential drug in the physicians' armamentarium in alleviating symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, adequate clinical studies must be instituted to eliminate any untoward adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Varghese
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi Digholkar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jainam Karsiya
- River Route Creative Group LLP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sahil Salvi
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jeenam Shah
- Department of Pulmonology, Saifee Hospital, Girgaon, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Lindahl AL, Aro M, Reijula J, Puolanne M, Mäkelä MJ, Vasankari T. Persisting symptoms common but inability to work rare: a one-year follow-up study of Finnish hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Infect Dis (Lond) 2023; 55:821-830. [PMID: 37560984 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2023.2244586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulties in recovery persisting for months have been reported in patients with severe COVID-19. Our aim was to investigate respiratory and overall recovery one year after hospital discharge. METHODS Finnish patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic were recruited to a survey of symptoms, quality of life (RAND-36), work status, and health care use one year after hospital discharge. Patients with lung function test and chest x-ray results available from 3-6 months after hospital discharge underwent spirometry and a chest x-ray at one year. RESULTS Ninety-six patients responded to the one-year survey, 32 underwent spirometry and 32 a chest x-ray. Of those working full-time before COVID-19, median duration of sick leave was 40 days and 10% had not returned to work at one year. Health-care service use related to COVID-19 after discharge was reported by 79%, 50% using primary care, 34% occupational health care and 32% specialist care, respectively. Tiredness, fatigue, and physical difficulties increased in follow-up (p = 0.022-0.033). Quality of life did not change. Chest x-ray abnormalities decreased in follow-up, with an abnormal chest x-ray in 58% at 3-6 months and 25% at one year. A restrictive spirometry pattern was more common at one year (16 vs. 34%, p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged symptoms are common, some patients have decreased lung function, and a small minority of patients still have not returned to work one year after severe COVID-19. This calls for further research into the underlying causes and risk factors for prolonged recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Lindahl
- Department of Pulmonology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Lung Health Association (FILHA ry), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Aro
- Finnish Lung Health Association (FILHA ry), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jere Reijula
- Department of Pulmonology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mervi Puolanne
- The Organization for Respiratory Health in Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika J Mäkelä
- Department of Allergology, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Vasankari
- Finnish Lung Health Association (FILHA ry), Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Clinical Allergology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Vargas-De-León C, Cureño-Díaz MA, Salazar MI, Cruz-Cruz C, Loyola-Cruz MÁ, Durán-Manuel EM, Zamora-Pacheco ER, Bravata-Alcántara JC, Lugo-Zamudio GE, Fernández-Sánchez V, Bello-López JM, Ibáñez-Cervantes G. Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: Importance of Comorbidities in Health Personnel against Reinfections. Viruses 2023; 15:2354. [PMID: 38140595 PMCID: PMC10747730 DOI: 10.3390/v15122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the priority lines of action to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was vaccination programs for healthcare workers. However, with the emergence of highly contagious strains, such as the Omicron variant, it was necessary to know the serological status of health personnel to make decisions for the application of reinforcements. The aim of this work was to determine the seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers in a Mexican hospital after six months of the administration of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (two doses, 4 weeks apart) and to investigate the association between comorbidities, response to the vaccine, and reinfections. Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were determined using ELISA assays for 262 employees of Hospital Juárez de México with and without a history of COVID-19. A beta regression analysis was performed to study the associated comorbidities and their relationship with the levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, an epidemiological follow-up was carried out to detect reinfections in this population. A significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was observed in workers with a history of COVID-19 prior to vaccination compared to those without a history of the disease (MD: 0.961 and SD: 0.049; <0.001). Beta regression showed that workers with a history of COVID-19 have greater protection compared to those without a history of the infection. Neutralizing antibodies were found to be decreased in alcoholic and diabetic subjects (80.1%). Notably, eight cases of Omicron reinfections were identified, and gender and obesity were associated with the presence of reinfections (6.41 OR; 95% BCa CI: 1.15, 105.0). The response to the vaccine was influenced by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated comorbidities. The above highlights the importance of prioritizing this segment of the population for reinforcements in periods of less than one year to guarantee their effectiveness against new variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cruz Vargas-De-León
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
- Laboratorio de Modelación Bioestadística para la Salud, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
| | | | - Ma. Isabel Salazar
- Laboratorio Nacional de Vacunología y Virus Tropicales, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, México;
| | - Clemente Cruz-Cruz
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Loyola-Cruz
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
| | - Emilio Mariano Durán-Manuel
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
| | - Edwin Rodrigo Zamora-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Modelación Bioestadística para la Salud, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Verónica Fernández-Sánchez
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
| | - Juan Manuel Bello-López
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
| | - Gabriela Ibáñez-Cervantes
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, Mexico; (C.V.-D.-L.); (C.C.-C.); (M.Á.L.-C.); (E.M.D.-M.)
- Laboratorio de Modelación Bioestadística para la Salud, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
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Jiju P, Matalliotakis M, Lane S, Wong W, Hedrich CM, Pain CE. Demographic, clinical and laboratory differences between paediatric acute COVID-19 and PIMS-TS-results from a single centre study in the UK. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1219654. [PMID: 38027272 PMCID: PMC10667694 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1219654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paediatric symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections associate with two presentations, acute COVID-19 and paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). Phenotypic comparisons, and reports on predictive markers for disease courses are sparse and preliminary. Methods A chart review of COVID-19 and PIMS-TS patients (≤19 years) admitted to Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, a tertiary centre in the North-West of England, was performed (02/2020-09/2022). Results A total of 161 symptomatic COVID-19 and 50 PIMS-TS patients were included. Peaks in admissions of patients with PIMS-TS occurred approximately 4 weeks after those for acute COVID-19. The incidence of in-patients with PIMS-TS reduced over time, and there were no admissions after February 2022. When compared to acute COVID-19, PIMS-TS patients were older (median: 10.3 years vs. 2.03 years; p < 0.001). There were no differences in gender distribution, but minority ethnicities were over-represented among PIMS-TS patients. Regional ethnic distribution was reflected among acute COVID-19 patients (66% vs. 84.5% White Caucasian, p = 0.01). Pre-existing comorbidities were more common among acute COVID-19 patients (54.7% vs. 8%, p < 0.001). PIMS-TS patients more commonly presented with abdominal symptoms (92% vs. 50.3%), neurological symptoms (28% vs. 10.6%) and skin rashes (72% vs. 16.8%), (p ≤ 0.01) when compared with acute COVID-19, where respiratory symptoms were more common (51.6% vs. 32%, p = 0.016). PIMS-TS more frequently required intensive care admission (64% vs. 16.8%), and inotropic support (64% vs. 9.3%) (all p < 0.05). More deaths occurred among acute COVID-19 patients [0 vs. 7 (4.4%)], with 5/7 (71%) in the context of pre-existing comorbidities. When compared to acute COVID-19, PIMS-TS patients exhibited more lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia, a more pronounced acute phase reaction, and more hyponatraemia (p < 0.05). Partial least square discriminant analysis of routine laboratory parameters allowed (incomplete) separation of patients at diagnosis, and variable importance projection (VIP) scoring revealed elevated CRP and low platelets as the most discriminatory parameters. Conclusion Admissions for PIMS-TS reduced with increasing seroconversion rates in the region. Young age and pre-existing comorbidities associate with hospital admission for acute COVID-19. While PIMS-TS may present more acutely with increased need for intensive care, acute COVID-19 had an increased risk of mortality in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Jiju
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michail Matalliotakis
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Lane
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Waison Wong
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christian M. Hedrich
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Clare E. Pain
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Wang Y, Li F, Liu J, Liu J, Qin P, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wu S. Analysis of Symptom Spectra and Associated Factors Among 536 Respondents During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3261-3272. [PMID: 37942282 PMCID: PMC10629551 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s426607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to identify common COVID-19 symptoms and asymptomatic infection rates during the epidemic in China. We also introduce the concepts of "Time-point asymptomatic rate" and "Period asymptomatic rate". Object and Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted online from December 2022 to January 5, 2023, collecting demographic characteristics, laboratory results, clinical symptoms, lifestyle and vaccination history. Statistical methods were used to analyze symptom characteristics, associated factors, and patterns during an 8-day observation period. Numerical variables were described by median M (Q1-Q3) or mean and standard deviation (). Categorical variables are described by frequency (N), ratio (%) or rate (%). The influencing factors were studied by Wilcoxon or Kruskal-Willis H rank sum test or logistic regression analysis, and the trend of symptom incidence by Spearman rank correlation. P value being ≤0.05 was statistically significant. Results Out of 536 participants, 493 (91.98%) were infected, with 3 asymptomatic cases and 490 symptomatic cases within 8 days. The time-point asymptomatic rate increased from 0.61% on day 1 to 15.42% on day 8. Fever, cough, and fatigue were the main symptoms, with additional symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and hyposmia reported. Symptom durations varied, with cough and expectoration lasting longer and vomiting and diarrhea lasting shorter. Several symptoms showed a downward trend over time. Conclusion Our online survey highlighted that most COVID-19 patients experienced symptoms, and the time-point asymptomatic rate showed a dynamic change among the infected population. Onset patterns and demographic factors influence symptom occurrence and duration. These findings have implications for clinical practitioners and decision-makers in public health measures and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenxiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Intensive Care Unit 1, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Qin
- Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingtao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuning Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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Shariff S, Uwishema O, Mizero J, Devi Thambi V, Nazir A, Mahmoud A, Kaushik I, Khayat S, Yusif Maigoro A, Awde S, Al Maaz Z, Alwan I, Hijazi M, Wellington J, Soojin L. Long-term cognitive dysfunction after the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5504-5510. [PMID: 37915705 PMCID: PMC10617879 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has brought a conglomerate of novel chronic disabling conditions described as 'Long COVID/Post-COVID-19 Syndrome'. Recent evidence suggests that the multifaceted nature of this syndrome results in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary sequelae,chronic dyspnoea, persistent fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction being the most common, debilitating symptoms. Several mechanisms engender or exacerbate cognitive impairment, including central nervous system and extra-central nervous system causes, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. Both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients may suffer varying degrees of cognitive impairment, ranging from fatigue and brain fog to prolonged deficits in memory and attention, detrimental to the quality-of-life years post-recovery. The aim of this review is to understand the underlying mechanisms, associations, and attempts for prevention with early intervention of long-term cognitive impairment post-COVID-19. Methodology A systematic search was conducted through multiple databases such as Medline, National Library of Medicine, Ovid, Scopus database to retrieve all the articles on the long-term sequalae of cognitive dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The inclusion criteria included all articles pertinent to this specific topic and exclusion criteria subtracted studies pertaining to other aetiologies of cognitive dysfunction. This search was carefully screened for duplicates and the relevant information was extracted and analysed. Results/discussion To date, the exact pathogenesis, and underlying mechanisms behind cognitive dysfunction in COVID-19, remain unclear, hindering the development of adequate management strategies. However, the proposed mechanisms suggested by various studies include direct damage to the blood-brain barrier, systemic inflammation, prolonged hypoxia, and extended intensive care admissions. However, no clear-cut guidelines for management are apparent. Conclusion This review of the COVID-19 pandemic has elucidated a new global challenge which is affecting individuals' quality of life by inducing long-term impaired cognitive function. The authors have found that comprehensive evaluations and interventions are crucial to address the cognitive sequelae in all COVID-19 patients, especially in patients with pre-existing cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the authors recommend further research for the development of relevant, timely neurocognitive assessments and treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanobar Shariff
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Olivier Uwishema
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Clinton Global Initiative University, NY
- Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Jocelyn Mizero
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Vimala Devi Thambi
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- R- endo Inc, Hamilton, NJ & Dr. NTR University Health Sciences
| | - Abubakar Nazir
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Mahmoud
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College KCMUCo, Tanzania
| | - Ikshwaki Kaushik
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Saadeddine Khayat
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sara Awde
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Al Maaz
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Iktimal Alwan
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahdi Hijazi
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jack Wellington
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lee Soojin
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Beceren NG, Armağan HH, Oğuzlar FÇ, Cesur E, Gürdal O, Tomruk Ö. Can mean platelet volume be a prognosis predictor in viral infections: An example of Covid-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21983. [PMID: 38034669 PMCID: PMC10682631 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study revealed the utility of mean platelet volume (MPV) as a mortality marker in SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as its connection with other inflammatory indicators such as procalcitonin (PCT) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Methods A total of 1528 patients (853 males and 653 females; mean age: 64.33 ± 16.36 years; range, 18-100 years) were hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2022. The patients' demographic and clinical information, including ward and critical care data, were gathered from their medical records. On the first and last days, the PCT, NLR, and MPV values of the patients, who were divided into groups based on their hospitalization and outcomes, were analyzed. Results When the relevant laboratory data from the first and last days were compared, each group was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was a moderate association between the final MPV values and the PCT and NLR values of the patients admitted to the ward (r = 0.448 and r = 0.397, respectively, where p < 0.01). There was also a substantial and moderate correlation between the final MPV levels and the PCT and NLR values of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (r = 0.613 and r = 0.361, respectively, p < 0.01). When compared to the patients' outcomes, the MPV had greater specificity and AUC values than the PCT and NLR (94.4 %, 0.968, 80.6 %, 0.923, 81 %, 0.845, respectively). Conclusion In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, the specificity of MPV values at the point of sickness severity and outcome was shown to be greater than PCT and NLR values, and MPV values may be a more accurate predictor of mortality than PCR and NLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Gökben Beceren
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Emergency Medicine Department, Turkey
| | - Hamit Hakan Armağan
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Emergency Medicine Department, Turkey
| | - Furkan Çağrı Oğuzlar
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Emergency Medicine Department, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Cesur
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Emergency Medicine Department, Turkey
| | - Osman Gürdal
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Department of Bioistatistics and Medical Informatics, Turkey
| | - Önder Tomruk
- Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, Emergency Medicine Department, Turkey
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Devlin L, Gombolay GY. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in COVID-19: a review and meta-analysis. J Neurol 2023; 270:5155-5161. [PMID: 37581633 PMCID: PMC10591843 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11928-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological involvement can occur in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections, resulting in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cytokine alterations are associated with neurological symptoms in COVID-19. We performed a review of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with COVID-19. METHODS Two reviewers independently searched PubMed for all relevant articles published prior to November 11, 2022. Active SARS-CoV-2 infection and CSF cytokine analyses were required for inclusion. RESULTS Three-hundred forty-six patients with COVID-19 and 356 controls from 28 studies were included. SARS-CoV-2 PCR was positive in the CSF of 0.9% (3/337) of patients with COVID-19. Thirty-seven different cytokines were elevated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19 when compared to controls and the standards set forth by individual assays used in each study. Of the 37 cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8 were most commonly elevated. CSF IL-6 is elevated in 60%, and CSF IL-8 is elevated in 51% of patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSION Levels of several inflammatory cytokines are elevated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 PCR is often not isolated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19. Many patients with COVID-19 have neurological symptoms and given the cytokine elevations in the absence of detectable viral RNA in cerebrospinal fluid; further study of the CSF cytokine profiles and pathogenesis of neurological symptoms in COVID-19 is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Devlin
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Grace Y Gombolay
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Emory University, 1400 Tulle Road NE, 8th Floor, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Karami S, Khalaj F, Sotoudeh H, Tajabadi Z, Shahidi R, Habibi MA, Sattari MS, Azimi A, Forouzannia SA, Rafiei R, Reihani H, Nemati R, Teimori S, Khalaji A, Sarmadi V, Dadjou A. Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Adult Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series. J Clin Neurol 2023; 19:597-611. [PMID: 37455513 PMCID: PMC10622717 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare neurological disorder that is often associated with viral infections. Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a few COVID-19-associated ANE cases have been reported. Since very little is known about ANE, the present study aimed to determine the clinical, biochemical, and radiological characteristics of affected patients. METHODS A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases for articles published up to August 30, 2022 using relevant keywords. Case reports and series in the English language that reported ANE in adult patients with COVID-19 confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were included in this study. Data on the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of patients were extracted and analyzed using the SPSS software (version 26). RESULTS The study included 30 patients (18 males) with COVID-19 and ANE who were aged 49.87±18.68 years (mean±standard deviation). Fever was the most-prevalent symptom at presentation (66.7%). Elevated C-reactive protein was observed in the laboratory assessments of 13 patients. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were the most-common radiological modalities used for brain assessments. The most commonly prescribed medications were methylprednisolone (30%) and remdesivir (26.7%). Sixteen patients died prior to discharge. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of COVID-19-associated ANE requires a thorough knowledge of the disease. Since the clinical presentations of ANE are neither sensitive nor specific, further laboratory and brain radiological evaluations will be needed to confirm the diagnosis. The suspicion of ANE should be raised among patients with COVID-19 who present with progressive neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Karami
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fattaneh Khalaj
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houman Sotoudeh
- Department of Radiology and Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zohreh Tajabadi
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Shahidi
- School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Amin Habibi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Amir Azimi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Forouzannia
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Rafiei
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reihani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Nemati
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Soraya Teimori
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Iran
| | | | - Vida Sarmadi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Dadjou
- School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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42
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Ghafoori M, Hamidi M, Modegh RG, Aziz-Ahari A, Heydari N, Tavafizadeh Z, Pournik O, Emdadi S, Samimi S, Mohseni A, Khaleghi M, Dashti H, Rabiee HR. Predicting survival of Iranian COVID-19 patients infected by various variants including omicron from CT Scan images and clinical data using deep neural networks. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21965. [PMID: 38058649 PMCID: PMC10696006 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The rapid spread of the COVID-19 omicron variant virus has resulted in an overload of hospitals around the globe. As a result, many patients are deprived of hospital facilities, increasing mortality rates. Therefore, mortality rates can be reduced by efficiently assigning facilities to higher-risk patients. Therefore, it is crucial to estimate patients' survival probability based on their conditions at the time of admission so that the minimum required facilities can be provided, allowing more opportunities to be available for those who need them. Although radiologic findings in chest computerized tomography scans show various patterns, considering the individual risk factors and other underlying diseases, it is difficult to predict patient prognosis through routine clinical or statistical analysis. Method: In this study, a deep neural network model is proposed for predicting survival based on simple clinical features, blood tests, axial computerized tomography scan images of lungs, and the patients' planned treatment. The model's architecture combines a Convolutional Neural Network and a Long Short Term Memory network. The model was trained using 390 survivors and 108 deceased patients from the Rasoul Akram Hospital and evaluated 109 surviving and 36 deceased patients infected by the omicron variant. Results: The proposed model reached an accuracy of 87.5% on the test data, indicating survival prediction possibility. The accuracy was significantly higher than the accuracy achieved by classical machine learning methods without considering computerized tomography scan images (p-value <= 4E-5). The images were also replaced with hand-crafted features related to the ratio of infected lung lobes used in classical machine-learning models. The highest-performing model reached an accuracy of 84.5%, which was considerably higher than the models trained on mere clinical information (p-value <= 0.006). However, the performance was still significantly less than the deep model (p-value <= 0.016). Conclusion: The proposed deep model achieved a higher accuracy than classical machine learning methods trained on features other than computerized tomography scan images. This proves the images contain extra information. Meanwhile, Artificial Intelligence methods with multimodal inputs can be more reliable and accurate than computerized tomography severity scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Ghafoori
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Mehrab Hamidi
- BCB Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Rassa Ghavami Modegh
- Data science and Machine learning Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- BCB Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Alireza Aziz-Ahari
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Neda Heydari
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Zeynab Tavafizadeh
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Omid Pournik
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Sasan Emdadi
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Saeed Samimi
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Amir Mohseni
- BCB Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khaleghi
- Radiology Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat, Tehran, 14535, Iran
| | - Hamed Dashti
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Hamid R. Rabiee
- Data science and Machine learning Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- BCB Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
- AI-Med Group, AI Innovation Center, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi, Tehran, 11365-8639, Iran
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Korayem OH, Ahmed AE, Meabed MH, Magdy DM, Abdelghany WM. Genetic clues to COVID-19 severity: exploring the stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCL12 rs2839693 polymorphism in adult Egyptians. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:702. [PMID: 37858116 PMCID: PMC10588266 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel corona virus called SARS-CoV-2 was identified at the end of December 2019, and the illness induced by it was designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severity of the disease could vary significantly since most of the infected individuals experience mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover without specialized care. Genetic polymorphisms have implications in influencing the varying degrees of COVID-19 severity. This study aims to assess the potential association between the CXCL12 rs2839693 polymorphism and the severity of COVID-19 in Assiut University Quarantine Hospital during the period from May 2022 to August 2022. METHODS The present study is a cross-sectional study and is applied to 300 COVID-19 patients confirmed by RT-PCR admitted to Assiut University Quarantine Hospital from May 2022 to August 2022. Based on the clinical symptoms, the recruited participants had been divided into two groups. Group I involved mild or moderate cases; Group II involved severe or critical conditions. The rs2839693 polymorphism was detected by real time PCR using TaqMan assay probe. RESULTS The frequency of the T allele and the TT genotype was significantly higher in the severe or critical group compared with the mild or moderate group (p value < 0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimers are significantly elevated in the combined variants (CT + TT) and the TT compared with the CC (P value 0.006 and 0.017 respectively) and the CC,CT genotypes (p value 0.019 and 0.002 respectively). The combined variants (CT + TT) of CXCL12 were found to be independent predictors to severe or critical COVID-19 risk with P value = < 0.001, OR = 3.034& 95% CI = 1.805-5.098. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that CXCL12 rs2839693 had a role in the development and seriousness of COVID-19. Patients with the TT genotype or the T allele at increased risk developed severe or critical rather than mild or moderate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama H Korayem
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amr E Ahmed
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed H Meabed
- Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Magdy
- Department of Chest Disease and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M Abdelghany
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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44
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Li J, Wang J, Wang H. Emerging Landscape of Preclinical Models for Studying COVID-19 Neurologic Diseases. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1323-1339. [PMID: 37854617 PMCID: PMC10580392 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and has globally infected 768 million people and caused over 6 million deaths. COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system but increasing reports of neurologic symptoms associated with COVID-19 have been reported in the literature. The exact mechanism behind COVID-19 neurologic pathophysiology remains poorly understood due to difficulty quantifying clinical neurologic symptoms in humans and correlating them to findings in human post-mortem samples and animal models. Thus, robust preclinical experimental models for COVID-19 neurologic manifestations are urgently needed. Here, we review recent advances in in vitro, in vivo, and other models and technologies for studying COVID-19 including primary cell cultures, pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and organoids, rodents, nonhuman primates, 3D bioprinting, artificial intelligence, and multiomics. We specifically focus our discussion on the contribution, recent advancements, and limitations these preclinical models have on furthering our understanding of COVID-19's neuropathic physiology. We also discuss these models' roles in the screening and development of therapeutics, vaccines, antiviral drugs, and herbal medicine, and on future opportunities for COVID-19 neurologic research and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Li
- Department
of Neurology, Indiana University School
of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hu Wang
- Institute
of Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21215, United States
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45
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Zeng B, Zhou J, Peng D, Dong C, Qin Q. The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:410. [PMID: 37814329 PMCID: PMC10563282 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients treated with hemodialysis are often immunocompromised due to concomitant disease. As a result, this population is at high risk of infection and mortality from COVID-19. In addition to symptomatic treatment, a series of antiviral drugs targeting COVID-19 are now emerging. However, these antivirals are used mainly in mild or moderate patients with high-risk factors for progression to severe disease and are not available as pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19. There is a lack of clinical data on the use of anti-COVID-19 drugs, especially in patients treated with hemodialysis, therefore, vaccination remains the main measure to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients. Here, we review the clinical features and prognosis of patients on hemodialysis infected with SARS-CoV-2, the main anti-COVID-19 drugs currently available for clinical use, and the safety and efficacy of anti-COVID-19 drugs or COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with hemodialysis. This information will provide a reference for the treatment and vaccination of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis and maximize the health benefits of these patients during the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Zeng
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Early Clinical Trials of Biological Agents in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Early Clinical Trials of Biological Agents in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Daizhuang Peng
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Early Clinical Trials of Biological Agents in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Chengmei Dong
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Early Clinical Trials of Biological Agents in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Qun Qin
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Early Clinical Trials of Biological Agents in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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Tahavvori A, Mosaddeghi-Heris R, Ghanbari Sevari F, Alavi SMA, Panahi P, Abbasi N, Rahmani Youshanlouei H, Hejazian SS. Combined systemic inflammatory indexes as reflectors of outcome in patients with COVID‑19 infection admitted to ICU. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2337-2348. [PMID: 37550520 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The principal etiology of mortality in COVID-19 patients is the systemic pro-inflammatory processes which may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hematologic indices are reachable representatives of inflammation in patients with COVID-19 infection. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the potential predictive value of these inflammatory indices in the in-hospital mortality of ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. The studied indexes included AISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI. METHOD 315 COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU managed in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia, Iran, during the last 6 months of 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in the study and divided into two subgroups based on their final outcome, discharge or death. RESULTS Total leucocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophil count (NLC), urea, Cr, RDW, AISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI were drastically elevated in the dead patients (P < 0.05). The optimal cut-off points for AISI (378.81), dNLR (5.66), NLPR (0.03), NLR (5.97), SII (1589.25), and SIRI (2.31) were obtained using ROC curves. NLR and SII had the highest sensitivity (71.4%) and specificity (73.6%), respectively. Patients with above-cut-off levels of ISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, and SII had lower average survival time. Age (OR = 1.057, CI95%: 1.030-1.085, p < 0.001) and dNLR (OR = 1.131, CI95%: 1.061-1.206, p < 0.001) were the independent predictors for mortality in the studied COVID-19 patients based on multivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSION Age and dNLR are valuable predictive factors for in-hospital death of ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. Besides, other indices, AISI, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI, may have an additional role that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tahavvori
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Mosaddeghi-Heris
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghanbari Sevari
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Peghah Panahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Abbasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Seyyed Sina Hejazian
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Turan Civraz AZ, Duzyol I, Atli E, Caglayan C, Ozer Yurt E, Ata A, Yilmaz M, Karakoyun B. Incidence of Thromboembolism in COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e47014. [PMID: 37965400 PMCID: PMC10641796 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection was declared a pandemic, causing high mortality and morbidity worldwide. It predisposes patients to both arterial and venous thromboembolism, which causes high mortality, and is one of the most serious complications of the disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the frequency of thromboembolic events in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to identify the factors causing thromboembolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS The digital records of patients admitted to the adult ICU of Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey, with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 13, 2020, and December 31, 2021, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Data of 484 patients, 248 (51.2%) female and 236 (48.8%) male, aged between 18-98 years were analyzed. The overall, arterial and venous incidence of thromboembolism was 14.8%, 11.3%, and 3.5%, respectively. There was no significant association between COVID-19 variants and the development of thromboembolism. The effect of various patient variables on the development of thromboembolism was evaluated, including cardiovascular disease (p<0.001), age (p=0.003), use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (p<0.001), antiplatelet therapy (p<0. 001), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score (p=0.003), D-dimer (p=0.015), fibrinogen (p=0.032), ferritin (p=0.015), prothrombin time (PT) (p=0.015), international normalized ratio (INR) (p=0.012), troponin (p=0.012) values at the ICU admission were found statistically significant. The cut-off values were 2.565 (μg/mL) for D-dimer, 435.51 (mg) for fibrinogen, 633.55 (ml/ng) for ferritin, 1.155 for INR, and 0.085 (ng/mL) for troponin. CONCLUSION Although low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is the first choice, it may be appropriate to add ASA and other antiplatelet agents to reduce the risk of thromboembolism in patients with high thromboembolic risk including advanced age, cardiovascular disease, and elevated levels of D-dimer, troponin, ferritin, and fibrinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Z Turan Civraz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Ipek Duzyol
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Emine Atli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Cigdem Caglayan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Emine Ozer Yurt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Adnan Ata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Mehmet Yilmaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR
| | - Berna Karakoyun
- Department of Physiology, University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, TUR
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Robinson-Agramonte MDLA, Sánchez TS, García EN, Barrera ORS, Siniscalco D. COVID-19 and the Nervous System from a Cuban Experience. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:776. [PMID: 37754054 PMCID: PMC10525829 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of viral infections (both per se and secondary to the neuroinflammatory reaction of the host) are mainly attributed to immunological reactions, so many aspects of their pathogenesis are still nuclear. Some novel therapeutic strategies are progressively emerging in which a vaccination may be having a particular impact on recovery and reduction of death. In this context, it is accepted that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is profoundly neurotropic and neuroinvasive, with various effects on the nervous system, although there is no complete understanding of the mechanism of neuroinvasion, brain injury, or short- or long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the post-infectious manifestations of COVID-19 to guide the management of neuropsychiatric diseases. Thus, based on different research groups focused on this field, in this manuscript we summarize papers on COVID-19 and the nervous system (NS) published in a series of articles by Cuban authors. This review focuses on cognitive and affective emotional states, pathogenesis, biomarkers, clinical manifestations, and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Serrano Sánchez
- International Center for Neurological Restoration, Neuroimmunology Department, University of Medical Sciences of Havana, Havana 11300, Cuba;
| | | | | | - Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology, University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Habtamu Tamiru D, Gedef Azene A, Wudie Tsegaye G, Mulatu Mihretie K, Hunegnaw Asmare S, Arega Gete W, Animen Bante S. Time to Recovery from COVID-19 and Its Predictors in Patients Hospitalized at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital Care and Treatment Center, A Retrospective Follow-Up Study, North West Ethiopia. Glob Health Epidemiol Genom 2023; 2023:5586353. [PMID: 37731530 PMCID: PMC10508999 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5586353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the end of 2019, the world has been facing a new coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), which is considered a global pandemic. COVID-19 is considered a major public health burden due to the uncontrolled morbidity and mortality of the global community. The World Health Organization estimates the recovery time as 2 weeks for patients with mild infection and 3 to 6 weeks for those with serious illnesses. The recovery time and its predictors are not well studied in Ethiopia yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate time to recovery from COVID-19 and its predictors among COVID-19 patients admitted to Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital care and treatment center, North West Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 452 COVID-19 patients admitted to Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital from March 2020 to September 2021. Simple random sampling using a table of random number generators was used to select study units. Data entry and analysis were performed using EpiData 3.1 and Stata version 14, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to identify predictors of recovery time. An AHR at a 5% level of significance was used to identify significant predictors. Results : Among 452 COVID-19 patients, 437 (88%) were recovered, with a median recovery time of 9 days. Recovery time was significantly related to age (AHR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97, 0.99), oxygen saturation (AHR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.31, 0.56), shortness of breath (AHR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.85), disease severity (moderate (AHR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.85) and severe (AHR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.22, 0.47)), and comorbidities (AHR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.53, 0.84). Conclusions and recommendations: The overall median recovery time was 9 days. Older age, low oxygen saturation, shortness of breath, disease severity (moderate and severe), history of comorbidities, and high-level of WBC were predictors of delayed recovery time. On the other hand, corticosteroid use significantly shortens the median recovery time of COVID-19 patients. Thus, patients presented with older age, low oxygen saturation, shortness of breath, moderate and severe COVID-19 disease, comorbidities, and increased WBC need to be closely monitoring and followed up by healthcare providers. In addition, there should be special attention during the administration of corticosteroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiyalew Habtamu Tamiru
- Department of Public Health Emergency, Humedica e.V International Aid Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Gedef Azene
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebeyaw Wudie Tsegaye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Kebadnew Mulatu Mihretie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Hunegnaw Asmare
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Wudneh Arega Gete
- Department of Communicable Disease Control (CDC), Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Simachew Animen Bante
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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50
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Almuqbil M, Almoteer AI, Suwayyid AM, Bakarman AH, Alrashed RF, Alrobish M, Alasalb F, Alhusaynan AA, Alnefaie MH, Altayar AS, Alobid SE, Almadani ME, Alshehri A, Alghamdi A, Asdaq SMB. Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit in Multispecialty Hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2500. [PMID: 37761697 PMCID: PMC10530388 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, infection rates were high and symptoms were severe. Medical resources, including healthcare experts and hospital facilities, were put to the test to ensure their readiness to deal with this unique event. An intensive care unit (ICU) is expected to be required by many hospitalized patients. Many hospitals worldwide lacked resources during the pandemic's peak stages, particularly in critical care treatment. Because of this, there were issues with capacity, as well as an excessive influx of patients. Additionally, even though the research location provides medical care to a sizable population, there is a paucity of scientific data detailing the situation as it pertains to COVID-19 patients during the height of the outbreak. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and describe the features of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU of one of the multispecialty hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An observational retrospective study was conducted using a chart review of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between March 2020 and December 2020. To characterize the patients, descriptive statistics were utilized. An exploratory multivariate regression analysis was carried out on the study cohort to investigate the factors that were shown to be predictors of death and intubation. Only 333 (29.33%) of the 1135 samples from the hospital's medical records were used for the final analysis and interpretation. More than 76% of the patients in the study were male, with a mean BMI of 22.07 and an average age of around 49 years. The most frequent chronic condition found among the patients who participated in the study was diabetes (39.34%), followed by hypertension (31.53%). At the time of admission, 63 of the total 333 patients needed to have intubation performed. In total, 22 of the 333 patients died while undergoing therapy. People with both diabetes and hypertension had a 7.85-fold higher risk of death, whereas those with only diabetes or hypertension had a 5.43-fold and 4.21-fold higher risk of death, respectively. At admission, intubation was necessary for many male patients (49 out of 63). Most intubated patients had hypertension, diabetes, or both conditions. Only 13 of the 63 patients who had been intubated died, with the vast majority being extubated. Diabetes and hypertension were significant contributors to the severity of illness experienced by COVID-19 participants. The presence of multiple comorbidities had the highest risk for intubation and mortality among ICU-admitted patients. Although more intubated patients died, the fatality rate was lower than in other countries due to enhanced healthcare management at the ICU of the study center. However, large-scale trials are needed to determine how effective various strategies were in preventing ICU admission, intubation, and death rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Almuqbil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Ibrahim Almoteer
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Alwaleed Mohammed Suwayyid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Hussain Bakarman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Raed Fawaz Alrashed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Majed Alrobish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Fahad Alasalb
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Abdulrahman Alhusaynan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Hadi Alnefaie
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah Saud Altayar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Saad Ebrahim Alobid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moneer E. Almadani
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adel Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al Baha 65779, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (A.M.S.); (A.H.B.); (R.F.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.A.); (M.H.A.); (A.S.A.)
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