1
|
Han H, Chang Y, Jiao Y. Recent Advances in Efficient Lutein-Loaded Zein-Based Solid Nano-Delivery Systems: Establishment, Structural Characterization, and Functional Properties. Foods 2024; 13:2304. [PMID: 39063387 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant proteins have gained significant attention over animal proteins due to their low carbon footprint, balanced nutrition, and high sustainability. These attributes make plant protein nanocarriers promising for applications in drug delivery, nutraceuticals, functional foods, and other areas. Zein, a major by-product of corn starch processing, is inexpensive and widely available. Its unique self-assembly characteristics have led to its extensive use in various food and drug systems. Zein's functional tunability allows for excellent performance in loading and transporting bioactive substances. Lutein offers numerous bioactive functions, such as antioxidant and vision protection, but suffers from poor chemical stability and low bioavailability. Nano-embedding technology can construct various zein-loaded lutein nanodelivery systems to address these issues. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the construction of zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. It discusses the fundamental properties of these systems; systematically introduces preparation techniques, structural characterization, and functional properties; and analyzes and predicts the target-controlled release and bioaccessibility of zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. The interactions and synergistic effects between Zein and lutein in the nanocomplexes are examined to elucidate the formation mechanism and conformational relationship of zein-lutein nanoparticles. The physical and chemical properties of Zein are closely related to the molecular structure. Zein and its modified products can encapsulate and protect lutein through various methods, creating more stable and efficient zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. Additionally, embedding lutein in Zein and its derivatives enhances lutein's digestive stability, solubility, antioxidant properties, and overall bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Han
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Ying Chang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Görüşük EM, Lalikoglu M, Aşçı YS, Bener M, Bekdeşer B, Apak R. Novel tributyl phosphate-based deep eutectic solvent: Application in microwave assisted extraction of carotenoids. Food Chem 2024; 459:140418. [PMID: 39024868 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
A contribution to the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was made for bioactive compounds recovery, especially those with lipophilic character, from tomato and carrot samples rich in carotenoids. For the first time, a novel deep eutectic solvent was synthesized, comprising tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a hydrogen bond acceptor and acetic acid (AcOH) as a hydrogen bond donor. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of tomato and carrot extracts obtained by MAE, in which optimization of operational parameters and modeling were made with the use of Box-Behnken design of the response surface methodology (RSM), was evaluated using the Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) method. For the highest TAC, operational parameters that best suit the MAE procedure were set at 80 °C, 35 min, and 25 mL/2.0 g. The TAC values of extracts obtained by MAE using TBP:AcOH, 1:2 (mol/mol) were examined against those of extracts acquired by classical solvent extraction using a mixture of hexane, ethanol and acetone (H:E:A, 2:1:1 (v/v/v)) mixture. TAC of extracts in DES varied between 5.10 and 0.71 lycopene equivalents (mmol LYC kg-1). The highest extraction yield comparable to conventional organic solvents was obtained with TBP:AcOH (1:2). It was observed that, in addition to lipophilic antioxidants, some hydrophilic antioxidant compounds were partially extracted with the proposed DES. Moreover, the extracted antioxidant compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis. The proposed DES and MAE process will find potential application for hydrophobic antioxidant extraction from tomatoes and carrots on an industrial scale after further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Münevver Görüşük
- Institute of Graduate Studies and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melisa Lalikoglu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Fatih 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yavuz Selim Aşçı
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Fatih 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Bener
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Fatih 34134, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Burcu Bekdeşer
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Türkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), 06690 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Chen L, Zhao J, Xia G, Liu Z, Shi H. Astaxanthin Esters as Functional Food: A Review of Their Nutrition, Phytochemical Structure, Biological Features, and Food Industry Prospects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38856739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST), mainly found in algae and shrimp, is a liposoluble ketone carotenoid with a wide range of biological activities and is commonly used in healthcare interventions and cosmetics. AST has a long chain of conjugated double bonds with hydroxyl and ketone groups at both ends, enabling it to form astaxanthin esters (AST-Es) through esterification with fatty acids. The fatty acid structure of AST plays a key role in the stability, antioxidant activity, and bioavailability of AST-Es. Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and blood-red algae Haematococcus Pluvialis (H pluvialis)-derived AST-Es exhibit strong antioxidant activity and numerous biological activities, such as improving insulin resistance, preventing Parkinson's disease, regulating intestinal flora, and alleviating inflammatory bowel disease. This review discusses the significance of AST-Es as functional food ingredients, highlighting their nutritional value, phytochemical structure, biological activities, and potential applications in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youyan Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lipin Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jierui Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haohao Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Ji Z, Hu G, Yuan L, Liu M, Zhang X, Wei C, Dai Z, Yang Z, Wang C, Wang X, Luan F, Liu S. Clpf encodes pentatricopeptide repeat protein (PPR5) and regulates pink flesh color in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:126. [PMID: 38727833 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The gene controlling pink flesh in watermelon was finely mapped to a 55.26-kb region on chromosome 6. The prime candidate gene, Cla97C06G122120 (ClPPR5), was identified through forward genetics. Carotenoids offer numerous health benefits; while, they cannot be synthesized by the human body. Watermelon stands out as one of the richest sources of carotenoids. In this study, genetic generations derived from parental lines W15-059 (red flesh) and JQ13-3 (pink flesh) revealed the presence of the recessive gene Clpf responsible for the pink flesh (pf) trait in watermelon. Comparative analysis of pigment components and microstructure indicated that the disparity in flesh color between the parental lines primarily stemmed from variations in lycopene content, as well as differences in chromoplast number and size. Subsequent bulk segregant analysis (BSA-seq) and genetic mapping successfully narrowed down the Clpf locus to a 55.26-kb region on chromosome 6, harboring two candidate genes. Through sequence comparison and gene expression analysis, Cla97C06G122120 (annotated as a pentatricopeptide repeat, PPR) was predicted as the prime candidate gene related to pink flesh trait. To further investigate the role of the PPR gene, its homologous gene in tomato was silenced using a virus-induced system. The resulting silenced fruit lines displayed diminished carotenoid accumulation compared with the wild-type, indicating the potential regulatory function of the PPR gene in pigment accumulation. This study significantly contributes to our understanding of the forward genetics underlying watermelon flesh traits, particularly in relation to carotenoid accumulation. The findings lay essential groundwork for elucidating mechanisms governing pigment synthesis and deposition in watermelon flesh, thereby providing valuable insights for future breeding strategies aimed at enhancing fruit quality and nutritional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ziqiao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Man Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chunhua Wei
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zuyun Dai
- Anhui Jianghuai Horticulture Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- Anhui Jianghuai Horticulture Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
dos Santos OV, do Rosário RC, Teixeira-Costa BE. Sources of Carotenoids in Amazonian Fruits. Molecules 2024; 29:2190. [PMID: 38792052 PMCID: PMC11123925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that a diet rich in bioactive components significantly reduces cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality. In this sense, there is a need for meta-analytical research that confirms this phenomenon and increases specific knowledge about certain bioactive compounds such as carotenoids. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to disseminate knowledge about the sources of carotenoids in fruit consumed in the north of Brazil which are outside the Brazilian trade balance. A systematic review and a meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines were conducted based on a random effects synthesis of multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs). Searches of seven sources were carried out, including PubMed, Science Direct from Elsevier, Web of Science, Scielo, Eric Research and Google Scholar databases. The systematic review was guided by a systematic review protocol based on the POT strategy (population, outcome and type of study) adapted for use in this research. Mendeley was a resource used to organize and manage references and exclude duplicates of studies selected for review. In this review, we present the potential bioactive compounds concentrated in little-known fruit species from the Amazon and their benefits. Consuming fruits that are rich in notable constituents such as carotenoids is important for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases through anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties, as well as antivirals, immunomodulators and antioxidants agents that directly affect the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orquidea Vasconcelos dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil;
| | - Rosely Carvalho do Rosário
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil;
| | - Barbara E. Teixeira-Costa
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Amazonas, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Emília de Jesus Ferreiro, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gunther D, Alford R, Johnson J, Neilsen P, Zhang L, Harrell R, Day C. Transgenic black soldier flies for production of carotenoids. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 168:104110. [PMID: 38522557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, has gained traction recently as a means to achieve closed-loop production cycles. BSF can subsist off mammalian waste products and their consumption of such waste in turn generates compost that can be used in agricultural operations. Their environmental impact is minimal and BSF larvae are edible, with a nutritional profile high in protein and other essential vitamins. Therefore, it is conceivable to use BSF as a mechanism for both reducing organic waste and maintaining a low-impact food source for animal livestock or humans. The main drawback to BSF as a potential human food source is they are deficient in fat-soluble vitamins such as Vitamins A, D, and E. While loading BSF with essential vitamins may be achieved via diet-based interventions, this undercuts the goal of a closed-loop as specialized diets would require additional supply chains. An alternative is to genetically engineer BSF that can synthesize these essential vitamins. Here we describe a BSF line that has been engineered with the two main carotenoid biosynthetic genes, CarRA and CarB for production of provitamin carotenoids within the Vitamin A family. Our data describe the manipulation of the BSF genome to insert transgenes for expression of functional protein products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Gunther
- Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, United States.
| | - Robert Alford
- University of Maryland, Insect Transformation Facility (ITF), Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States.
| | - Jeff Johnson
- Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, United States.
| | - Paul Neilsen
- Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, United States.
| | - Liuyin Zhang
- Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, United States.
| | - Robert Harrell
- University of Maryland, Insect Transformation Facility (ITF), Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States.
| | - Cameron Day
- Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai Y, Ma J, Ma Y, Chang Y, Zhang W, Deng Y, Zhang N, Zhang X, Fan K, Hu X, Wang S, Jiang Z, Hu T. Color components determination and full-length comparative transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential mechanism of carotenoid synthesis during Paphiopedilum armeniacum flowering. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16914. [PMID: 38406281 PMCID: PMC10894592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Paphiopedilum armeniacum (P. armeniacum), an ornamental plant native to China, is known for its distinctive yellow blossoms. However, the mechanisms underlying P. armeniacum flower coloration remain unclear. Methods We selected P. armeniacum samples from different flowering stages and conducted rigorous physicochemical analyses. The specimens were differentiated based on their chemical properties, specifically their solubilities in polar solvents. This key step enabled us to identify the main metabolite of flower color development of P. armeniacum, and to complete the identification by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) based on the results. Additionally, we employed a combined approach, integrating both third-generation full-length transcriptome sequencing and second-generation high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, to comprehensively explore the molecular components involved. Results We combined physical and chemical analysis with transcriptome sequencing to reveal that carotenoid is the main pigment of P. armeniacum flower color. Extraction colorimetric method and HPLC were used to explore the characteristics of carotenoid accumulation during flowering. We identified 28 differentially expressed carotenoid biosynthesis genes throughout the flowering process, validated their expression through fluorescence quantification, and discovered 19 potential positive regulators involved in carotenoid synthesis. Among these candidates, three RCP2 genes showed a strong potential for governing the PDS and ZDS gene families. In summary, our study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms governing carotenoid synthesis during P. armeniacum flowering, enhancing our understanding of this process and providing a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanisms driving P. armeniacum flowering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Bai
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping Ma
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- China Forestry Publishing House, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
| | - Yanting Chang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
| | - Yayun Deng
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Fan
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Jiang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gou N, Zhu X, Yin M, Zhao H, Bai H, Jiang N, Xu W, Wang C, Zhang Y, Wuyun T. 15- cis-Phytoene Desaturase and 15- cis-Phytoene Synthase Can Catalyze the Synthesis of β-Carotene and Influence the Color of Apricot Pulp. Foods 2024; 13:300. [PMID: 38254601 PMCID: PMC10815377 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruit color affects its commercial value. β-carotene is the pigment that provides color for many fruits and vegetables. However, the molecular mechanism of β-carotene metabolism during apricot ripening is largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether β-carotene content affects apricot fruit color. First, the differences in β-carotene content between orange apricot 'JTY' and white apricot 'X15' during nine developmental stages (S1-S9) were compared. β-carotene contents highly significantly differed between 'JTY' and 'X15' from S5 (color transition stage) onwards. Whole-transcriptome analysis showed that the β-carotene synthesis genes 15-cis-phytoene desaturase (PaPDS) and 15-cis-phytoene synthase (PaPSY) significantly differed between the two cultivars during the color transition stage. There was a 5 bp deletion in exon 11 of PaPDS in 'X15', which led to early termination of amino acid translation. Gene overexpression and virus-induced silencing analysis showed that truncated PaPDS disrupted the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway in apricot pulp, resulting in decreased β-carotene content and a white phenotype. Furthermore, virus-induced silencing analysis showed that PaPSY was also a key gene in β-carotene biosynthesis. These findings provide new insights into the molecular regulation of apricot carotenoids and provide a theoretical reference for breeding new cultivars of apricot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Gou
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xuchun Zhu
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China;
| | - Mingyu Yin
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haikun Bai
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Nan Jiang
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wanyu Xu
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chu Wang
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Tana Wuyun
- Kernel-Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (N.G.); (M.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.B.); (N.J.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lira BS, Cruz AB, Rossi M, Freschi L. Carotenoids and Tocopherol Profiling in Fleshy Fruits. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2798:141-151. [PMID: 38587740 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3826-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Carotenoids and tocopherols are among the most powerful lipophilic antioxidants accumulated in fruit and vegetable crops. This chapter describes a method for the separation and quantification of carotenoids/chlorophylls and tocopherols based on microextraction followed by reverse- and normal-phase HPLC, respectively. Using this method, high-throughput, accurate analysis of these compounds can be performed in leaf and fruit samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Bertinatto Cruz
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Langyan S, Yadava P, Khan FN, Sharma S, Singh R, Bana RS, Singh N, Kaur V, Kalia S, Kumar A. Trends and advances in pre- and post-harvest processing of linseed oil for quality food and health products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 38032160 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2280768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Linseed is an ancient crop used for diverse purposes since the beginning of civilization. In recent times, linseed has emerged as a superfood due to its high content of health-promoting omega-3 fatty acids and other bioactive compounds. Among primary health effects, it has potential to manage hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, cancer, arthritis, neurological, cardiovascular diseases including blood cholesterol levels, constipation, diarrhea, and autoimmune disorders etc. due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acid, lignans, high dietary fibers, and proteins, whereas, secondary health effects comprise of relieving from various skin disorders. Due to these health-beneficial properties, interest in linseed oil necessitates the intensification of research efforts on various aspects. These include cultivation technology, varietal and genetic improvement, post-harvest processing, profiling of nutrients and bioactive compounds, pre-clinical and clinical studies, etc. The present review discussed the advances in linseed research including pre- and post-harvest processing. However, focus on the bioactive compounds present in linseed oil and their health effects are also presented. Linseed cultivation, pre- and post-harvest processing aspects are covered including climatic, edaphic, agronomic factors, type of cultivar and storage conditions etc, which impact the overall oil yield and its nutritional quality. Various emerging applications of linseed oil in functional food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical preparations were also presented in detail. Further, recommendations were made on linseed oil research in the field of genetics, breeding germplasm resources and genome editing for exploring its full applications as a nutrition and health product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Langyan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranjal Yadava
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanjula Sharma
- Oilseed Section, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Renu Singh
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Nisha Singh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikender Kaur
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miao Q, Yang Y, Du L, Tang C, Zhao Q, Li F, Yao X, Meng Y, Qin Y, Zhang J. Development and application of a SFC-DAD-MS/MS method to determine carotenoids and vitamin A in egg yolks from laying hens supplemented with β-carotene. Food Chem 2023; 414:135376. [PMID: 36827774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
β-Carotene, a provitamin A carotenoid, can be converted into vitamin A in animals' bodies, and can also be accumulated intactly in many animal products. In this study, supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was utilized to determine β-carotene and different forms of vitamin A in eggs simultaneously. According to the results, β-carotene contained in yolk reached a plateau after about 2 weeks of supplementation. With an increase in dietary supplement level, the amount of β-carotene gradually increased, as well as slightly changing the yolk color. Moreover, the contents of retinoids including retinol, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate and retinyl stearate were also elevated in yolks with the β-carotene additive levels; meanwhile, the lutein and zeaxanthin decreased. On the whole, β-carotene in the diet of laying hens could be partially deposited in egg yolk, and the contents of vitamin A in yolk could be increased due to β-carotene bioconversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- Agilent Technologies(China) Co.,Ltd, No.3 Wang Jing Bei Road, Chao Yang District, Bei Jing 100102, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Agilent Technologies(China) Co.,Ltd, No.3 Wang Jing Bei Road, Chao Yang District, Bei Jing 100102, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hidayat DF, Mahendra MYN, Kamaludeen J, Pertiwi H. Lycopene in Feed as Antioxidant and Immuno-Modulator Improves Broiler Chicken's Performance under Heat-Stress Conditions. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:5418081. [PMID: 37426426 PMCID: PMC10325881 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5418081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a type of carotenoid pigment widely distributed in various plants and fruits, with tomatoes, carrots, and guava being the most abundant sources. Due to its high content of beneficial active components, lycopene has been used in medicine, where it is employed as a dietary additive for cancer therapy, immune modulator, and feed additive to improve livestock productivity. Lycopene is a lipophilic substance that can act as either a prooxidant or a free radical scavenger and is particularly efficient in enhancing broiler performance. Furthermore, lycopene can alleviate heat stress by improving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT), as well as increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and nuclear muscle factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while simultaneously reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and muscle Keap1 expression. In addition, lycopene can improve broiler fertility by enhancing sperm performance and reducing inflammation by modulating the levels of interleukin 1, 2, and 10 (IL-1, IL-2, and IL-10) in cases of infection. In cases of disease by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), lycopene can modulate interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1, claudin-1 (CLDN-1), and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, under the lipopolysaccharide challenge, lycopene can increase the relative weights of immune organ indices such as the bursal, spleen, and thymus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Fadhila Hidayat
- Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Juriah Kamaludeen
- Department of Animal Science and Fishery, University Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Serawak Campus, Nyabau Road 97008, Serawak, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Herinda Pertiwi
- Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rocha HR, Coelho MC, Gomes AM, Pintado ME. Carotenoids Diet: Digestion, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Inflammatory Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102265. [PMID: 37242148 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies have found that consuming fruits and vegetables lowers the risk of getting a variety of chronic illnesses, including several types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and bowel diseases. Although there is still debate over the bioactive components, various secondary plant metabolites have been linked to these positive health benefits. Many of these features have recently been connected to carotenoids and their metabolites' effects on intracellular signalling cascades, which influence gene expression and protein translation. Carotenoids are the most prevalent lipid-soluble phytochemicals in the human diet, are found in micromolar amounts in human serum, and are very susceptible to multiple oxidation and isomerisation reactions. The gastrointestinal delivery system, digestion processes, stability, and functionality of carotenoids, as well as their impact on the gut microbiota and how carotenoids may be effective modulators of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, are still lacking research advances. Although several pathways involved in carotenoids' bioactivity have been identified, future studies should focus on the carotenoids' relationships, related metabolites, and their effects on transcription factors and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena R Rocha
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta C Coelho
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Gomes
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Pintado
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Papapostolou H, Kachrimanidou V, Alexandri M, Plessas S, Papadaki A, Kopsahelis N. Natural Carotenoids: Recent Advances on Separation from Microbial Biomass and Methods of Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051030. [PMID: 37237896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotechnologically produced carotenoids occupy an important place in the scientific research. Owing to their role as natural pigments and their high antioxidant properties, microbial carotenoids have been proposed as alternatives to their synthetic counterparts. To this end, many studies are focusing on their efficient and sustainable production from renewable substrates. Besides the development of an efficient upstream process, their separation and purification as well as their analysis from the microbial biomass confers another important aspect. Currently, the use of organic solvents constitutes the main extraction process; however, environmental concerns along with potential toxicity towards human health necessitate the employment of "greener" techniques. Hence, many research groups are focusing on applying emerging technologies such as ultrasounds, microwaves, ionic liquids or eutectic solvents for the separation of carotenoids from microbial cells. This review aims to summarize the progress on both the biotechnological production of carotenoids and the methods for their effective extraction. In the framework of circular economy and sustainability, the focus is given on green recovery methods targeting high-value applications such as novel functional foods and pharmaceuticals. Finally, methods for carotenoids identification and quantification are also discussed in order to create a roadmap for successful carotenoids analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harris Papapostolou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, 28100 Argostoli, Greece
| | | | - Maria Alexandri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, 28100 Argostoli, Greece
| | - Stavros Plessas
- Laboratory of Food Processing, Faculty of Agriculture Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papadaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, 28100 Argostoli, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, 28100 Argostoli, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang B, Wen T, Xiang N, Zhao Y, Guo X. Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on tocochromanol and carotenoid biofortification in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1412-1420. [PMID: 36151954 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize is a sought-after food crop because it is micronutrient-rich and affordable. It is an excellent source of carotenoids and tocochromanols. To investigate ways to enhance the micronutrients in maize, we grew maize seedlings with ultrasonic pretreatment to study the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the biofortification of tocochromanols and carotenoids using high-performance liquid chromatography and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Four tocopherol isomers, three tocotrienol isomers and six carotenoid components were measured in maize seedlings. Compared with the untreated maize seedlings, carotenoid content increased and reached the highest level at 8 min ultrasonic pretreatment (19.21 ± 0.44 μg g-1 fresh weight (FW)), but tocotrienol content evidently decreased. Tocopherol dropped at first but began to rise after 8 min ultrasonic pretreatment (258.1 ± 6.4 μg g-1 FW). In particular, zeaxanthin in maize seedlings doubled after pre-sonication, while lutein was boosted to 11.81 ± 0.20 μg g-1 FW. Ultrasonic pretreatment changed the predominant component of tocochromanols in maize seedlings from γ-tocotrienol to α-tocopherol, with the latter content being 1.3 times higher than in the untreated group. Up-regulation of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of tocopherols and carotenoids in maize seedlings occurred as a result of both 2 min and 6 min sonication pretreatment. In particular, Zm HPPD, Zm ZE, Zm ZDS and Zm MPBQ-MT could partly explain the changes in these phytochemicals. CONCLUSION Wet ultrasonic pretreatment could increase tocopherol and carotenoid accumulation in maize seedlings but decrease tocotrienol synthesis. Some up-regulating genes are related to relevant syntheses, such as Zm HPPD, Zm ZE, Zm ZDS and Zm MPBQ-MT, which could influence the accumulation of tocopherols and carotenoids after ultrasonic pretreatment. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiang Wen
- Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Păucean A, Kádár CB, Simon E, Vodnar DC, Ranga F, Rusu IE, Vișan VG, Socaci SA, Man S, Chiș MS, Pop A, Tanislav AE, Mureșan V. Freeze-Dried Powder of Fermented Chili Paste-New Approach to Cured Salami Production. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223716. [PMID: 36429308 PMCID: PMC9689597 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented chili powders were obtained through the freeze-drying of fermented chili pastes and used as a condiment, acidifier, antioxidant, colorant, and microbial starter carrier in fermented salami production. Fermented chili powders were examined regarding carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and aroma profile. High concentrations of lactic (10.57-12.20%) and acetic acids (3.39-4.10%) were recorded. Vitamin C content was identified in the range of 398-1107 mg/100 g, with maximum values for C. annuum cv. Cayenne chili powder. Phenolic compounds showed values between 302-771 mg/100 g. Total carotenoid content was identified between 544-2462 µg/g, with high concentrations of capsanthin esters. Aroma profile analysis evidenced specific compounds (1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, hexenal, E-2-hexenal) with sensory importance and a more complex spectrum for Capsicum chinense cultivar. Plant-specific lactic acid bacteria showed dominance both in fermented chili paste, chili powder, and salami. Lactic and acetic acids from the fermented chili powder reduced the pH of the filling immediately, having a stabilizing effect on the meat. Nor molds or pathogens were identified in outer limits. Based on these results, fermented chili powders could be used as starter carriers in the production of fermented meat products for exceptional sensory properties and food safety management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Păucean
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Csaba Balázs Kádár
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elemér Simon
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Mănăstur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Mănăstur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Floricuța Ranga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Mănăstur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iulian Eugen Rusu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile-Gheorghe Vișan
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia-Ancuța Socaci
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Mănăstur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Man
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Simona Chiș
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Pop
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anda E. Tanislav
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Mureșan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kotzaeroglou A, Tsamesidis I. The Role of Equilibrium between Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Depression and Bipolar Disorder. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:57. [PMID: 36422118 PMCID: PMC9694953 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that the presence of oxidative stress and disorders of the antioxidant defense system are involved in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and major depression, but the exact mechanism remains unknown. This review focuses on a better appreciation of the contribution of oxidative stress to depression and bipolar disorder. Methods: This review was conducted by extracting information from other research and review studies, as well as other meta-analyses, using two search engines, PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: As far as depression is concerned, there is agreement among researchers on the association between oxidative stress and antioxidants. In bipolar disorder, however, most of them observe strong lipid peroxidation in patients, while regarding antioxidant levels, opinions are divided. Nevertheless, in recent years, it seems that on depression, there are mainly meta-analyses and reviews, rather than research studies, unlike on bipolar disorder. Conclusions: Undoubtedly, this review shows that there is an association among oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants in both mental disorders, but further research should be performed on the exact role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kotzaeroglou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metropolitan College, Campus of Thessaloniki, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metropolitan College, Campus of Thessaloniki, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu Z, Xia M, Li X, Wang R, Liu W, Zheng R, Wang Z, Yang L, Shi Y. Characterization of carotenoids in Lycium barbarum fruit by using UPC2-PDA-Q-TOF-MSE couple with deep eutectic solvents extraction and evaluation of their 5α-reductase inhibitory activity. Front Chem 2022; 10:1052000. [PMID: 36426103 PMCID: PMC9679622 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1052000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids from Lycium barbarum fruits have possessed pharmacological efficacy against eye diseases, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, the efficient extraction, rapid characterization and activities evaluation of Lycium carotenoids remains a challenge. To concentrate and characterize Lycium carotenoids, we have developed ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and analyzed carotenoids by ultra-performance convergence chromatography coupled with photo diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPC2-PDA-Q-TOF-MSE). DESs containing choline chloride and malonic acid presented better extraction efficiency and were more environmentally friendly than other extraction methods. Carotenoids were more quickly profiled (in 11 min) by UPC2 compared to by UPLC (in 35 min), with seventeen main peaks were characterized in the MS fragmentation patterns. The in vitro 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of DESs extracts, fractions and components were subsequently assessed, and the predominant component zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD) exhibited potent inhibitory activity. Our study provides a chemical and pharmacological basis for the further development of potential new drugs based on Lycium carotenoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Institute of TCM International Standardization, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruirong Zheng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Shi, ; Li Yang,
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Institute of TCM International Standardization, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Shi, ; Li Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Metwally RA, El-Sersy NA, El Sikaily A, Sabry SA, Ghozlan HA. Optimization and multiple in vitro activity potentials of carotenoids from marine Kocuria sp. RAM1. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18203. [PMID: 36307503 PMCID: PMC9616409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine pigmented bacteria are a promising natural source of carotenoids. Kocuria sp. RAM1 was isolated from the Red Sea Bohadschia graeffei collected from Marsa Alam, Egypt, and used for carotenoids production. The extracted carotenoids were purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The characteristic UV absorbance of the three purified fractions gave us an inkling of what the purified pigments were. The chemical structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. The three different red pigments were identified as two C50-carotenoids, namely bisanhydrobacterioruberin and trisanhydrobacterioruberin, in addition to 3,4,3',4'-Tetrahydrospirilloxanthin (C42-carotenoids). Kocuria sp. RAM1 carotenoids were investigated for multiple activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-HSV-1, anticancer, antidiabetic and wound healing. These new observations suggest that Kocuria sp. RAM1 carotenoids can be used as a distinctive natural pigment with potent properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Metwally
- grid.419615.e0000 0004 0404 7762Marine Microbiology Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A. El-Sersy
- grid.419615.e0000 0004 0404 7762Marine Microbiology Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amany El Sikaily
- grid.419615.e0000 0004 0404 7762Marine Pollution Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Soraya A. Sabry
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Ghozlan
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Jing Y, Wang Y, Zhou D, Wang J, Li J, Sun J, Feng Y, Xin F, Zhang W. Advances in the synthesis of three typical tetraterpenoids including β-carotene, lycopene and astaxanthin. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108033. [PMID: 36096404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural pigments that widely exist in nature. Due to their excellent antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, carotenoids are commonly used in food, medicine, cosmetic and other fields. At present, natural carotenoids are mainly extracted from plants, algae and microorganisms. With the rapid development of metabolic engineering and molecular biology as well as the continuous in-depth study of carotenoids synthesis pathways, industrial microorganisms have showed promising applications in the synthesis of carotenoids. In this review, we introduced the properties of several carotenoids and their biosynthetic metabolism process. Then, the microorganisms synthesizing carotenoids through the natural and non-natural pathways and the extraction methods of carotenoids were summarized and compared. Meanwhile, the influence of substrates on the carotenoids production was also listed. The methods and strategies for achieving high carotenoid production are categorized to help with future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Dawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Jiawen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Jingxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Yifan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rufino‐Moya PJ, Bertolín JR, Blanco M, Lobón S, Joy M. Fatty acid profile, secondary compounds and antioxidant activities in the fresh forage, hay and silage of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and sulla (Hedysarum coronarium). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4736-4743. [PMID: 35195298 PMCID: PMC9542018 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) are forage legumes usually preserved to optimize their utilization as feedstuffs. However, the method of preservation modifies the chemical composition differently in both legume species. Secondary compounds (such as proanthocyanidins, fatty acids, carotenoids and tocopherols) present in forages affect the quality of animal products. Therefore, the effect of preservation on the contents of secondary compounds should be investigated. Accoridngly, samples of sainfoin and sulla were directly freeze-dried (fresh), dried at ambient temperature (hay) and vacuum-packaged for 82 days (silage). RESULTS In both legumes, the total fatty acid and C18:3 n-3 contents decreased and C16:0 increased with preservation (P < 0.001), with a greater effect for the hays than for the silages. For both legumes, the lutein, neoxanthin and violaxanthin contents decreased to a greater extent in the silages than in the hays (P < 0.001). Both hays exhibited the lowest β-carotene concentrations (P < 0.001). The α-tocopherol contents decreased in hays, but not in silages, compared to the fresh forages of both legumes (P < 0.001). The antioxidant activities were lower in the silages than in the hays and fresh forages (P < 0.001) and were very strongly related to the contents of polyphenols and proanthocyanidins (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Haymaking affected the fatty acid, carotenoid and α-tocopherol contents to a greater extent but had a lesser effect on the antioxidant activities than silage-making, which were very strongly related to their contents of polyphenols and proanthocyanidins. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo José Rufino‐Moya
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon‐IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
- Animal Health Department (Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CórdobaSanidad Animal Building, Rabanales CampusCórdoba14071Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Bertolín
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon‐IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
| | - Mireia Blanco
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon‐IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
| | - Sandra Lobón
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon‐IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
| | - Margalida Joy
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon‐IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tan K, Zhang H, Zheng H. Carotenoid content and composition: A special focus on commercially important fish and shellfish. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:544-561. [PMID: 35930379 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2106937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural pigments that provide many health benefits to living organisms. Although terrestrial plants are the major dietary source of carotenoids for humans, aquatic animals (especially fish and shellfish) are equally important because they are rich in certain important carotenoids lacking in fruits and vegetables. Although extensive research has focused on exploring the carotenoid content and composition in fish and shellfish, this information is poorly organized. This paper reviews the scientific evidence for the carotenoid content and composition in fish and shellfish. It makes serious attempts to summarize the relevant data published on specific research questions in order to improve the understanding of various evidence to clarify the research status of carotenoids in fish and shellfish and defining topics for future studies. From the analysis of published data, it is obvious that most fish and shellfish are rich in complex carotenoids (e.g. astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, fucoxanthinol, lutein). These carotenoids have stronger antioxidant effect, higher efficiency in removing the singlet oxygen and the peroxyl radicals, and have a variety of health benefits. Carotenoid levels in fish and shellfish depend on genotype, climatic conditions of the production area, storage and cooking methods. However, the information of the bioavailability of fish/shellfish carotenoids to human is very limited, which hinders the actual contributions to health. The findings of this study can be used as a guide to select appropriate fish and shellfish as dietary sources of carotenoids, and provide information about potential fish and shellfish species for aquaculture to produce carotenoids to meet part of the growing demand for natural carotenoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karsoon Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Hongkuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wen Lee H, Bi X, Jeyakumar Henry C. Carotenoids, tocopherols and phylloquinone content of 26 green leafy vegetables commonly consumed in Southeast Asia. Food Chem 2022; 385:132729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
25
|
Grassino M, Batstone DJ, Yong KW, Capson-Tojo G, Hülsen T. Method development for PPB culture screening, pigment analysis with UPLC-UV-HRMS vs. spectrophotometric methods, and spectral decomposition-based analysis. Talanta 2022; 246:123490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Tarfeen N, Nisa KU, Nisa Q. MALDI-TOF MS: application in diagnosis, dereplication, biomolecule profiling and microbial ecology. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9340741 DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has revolutionized scientific research over the past few decades and has provided a unique platform in ongoing technological developments. Undoubtedly, there has been a bloom chiefly in the field of biological sciences with this emerging technology, and has enabled researchers to generate critical data in the field of disease diagnoses, drug development, dereplication. It has received well acceptance in the field of microbial identification even at strain level, as well as diversified field like biomolecule profiling (proteomics and lipidomics) has evolved tremendously. Additionally, this approach has received a lot more attention over conventional technologies due to its high throughput, speed, and cost effectiveness. This review aims to provide a detailed insight regarding the application of MALDI-TOF MS in the context of medicine, biomolecule profiling, dereplication, and microbial ecology. In general, the expansion in the application of this technology and new advancements it has made in the field of science and technology has been highlighted.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kumar Kashyap P, Singh S, Kumar Singh M, Gupta A, Tandon S, Shanker K, Kumar Verma R, Swaroop Verma R. An efficient process for the extraction of lutein and chemical characterization of other organic volatiles from marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) flower. Food Chem 2022; 396:133647. [PMID: 35820286 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) petals are the primary industrial source of lutein, which is used as a colouring agent and nutrient supplement to foods. This research extracted marigold petals using different solvents, covering conventional and non-toxic green solvents. The oleoresin, free lutein, and recrystallized lutein yields varied from 8.47-16.67%, 2.56-9.62%, and 1.11-1.61%, respectively. The purity of lutein was achieved up to 92.57% and 97.64% in conventional and newly established green methods, respectively. The present study described an efficient green process to isolate lutein with significantly improved yield (2.56%) and purity (97.33%) over the conventional methods. Based on the results, 2-methyltetrahydrofurancould be a practical green alternative to the traditional toxic solvents for the processing of lutein. Further, the chemical analysis of the essential oil of the residual receptacles obtained after removing petals revealed the presence of important organic volatiles, including piperitone (54.7%) and piperitenone oxide (6.5%), indicating its usefulness for value-addition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Kashyap
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Munmun Kumar Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Atul Gupta
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Verma
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Verma
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Microalgal carotenoids: A promising alternative to synthetic dyes. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
Rafson JP, Sacks GL. Swellable Sorbent Coatings for Parallel Extraction, Storage, and Analysis of Plant Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7805-7814. [PMID: 35699964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative measurements of trace-level analytes in plants or foodstuffs, e.g., secondary metabolites like carotenoids, are often performed at centralized core facilities or off-site laboratories. However, preparation, storage, and/or transport of both intact samples and sample extracts may be cumbersome and complicated, especially for air-sensitive analytes. We describe the development of inexpensive swellable microextraction (SweME) devices for extraction and storage of nonpolar analytes. SweME devices consist of a thin layer of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) grafted onto a stainless steel support. Pretreating the SweME device with small volumes of the organic solvent causes the PDMS to swell. The swollen SweME device can then be immersed directly into complex matrices for absorptive extraction of low-molecular-weight, nonpolar analytes. Following storage, analytes can be solvent-desorbed prior to characterization. Proof-of-principle work with carotenoids from tomatoes and carrots demonstrates that SweME is appropriate for semiquantitative analyses and increases the stability of air-sensitive analytes during storage at ambient temperatures as compared to the solvent extracts. Carotenoid profiles (fractional carotenoid contributions) from tomato and carrot samples were well correlated between SweME and liquid-liquid extraction (R2 = 0.97 and 0.94). Lycopene, the most abundant carotenoid in tomatoes, saw a less than 20% decrease in extracted mass during 1 month of ambient SweME storage. Extractions and desorptions can be run in parallel using multiwell plates. In summary, swelled sorbent extraction with SweME devices is a convenient and inexpensive approach for isolation and storage of analytes in complex matrices and may be particularly well suited for evaluating large numbers of plant samples through external laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Rafson
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gavin L Sacks
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Steven R, Humaira Z, Natanael Y, Dwivany FM, Trinugroho JP, Dwijayanti A, Kristianti T, Tallei TE, Emran TB, Jeon H, Alhumaydhi FA, Radjasa OK, Kim B. Marine Microbial-Derived Resource Exploration: Uncovering the Hidden Potential of Marine Carotenoids. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:352. [PMID: 35736155 PMCID: PMC9229179 DOI: 10.3390/md20060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes in marine ecosystems are known to produce secondary metabolites. One of which are carotenoids, which have numerous industrial applications, hence their demand will continue to grow. This review highlights the recent research on natural carotenoids produced by marine microorganisms. We discuss the most recent screening approaches for discovering carotenoids, using in vitro methods such as culture-dependent and culture-independent screening, as well as in silico methods, using secondary metabolite Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (smBGCs), which involves the use of various rule-based and machine-learning-based bioinformatics tools. Following that, various carotenoids are addressed, along with their biological activities and metabolic processes involved in carotenoids biosynthesis. Finally, we cover the application of carotenoids in health and pharmaceutical industries, current carotenoids production system, and potential use of synthetic biology in carotenoids production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ray Steven
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Zalfa Humaira
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yosua Natanael
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Fenny M. Dwivany
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Joko P. Trinugroho
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW72AZ, UK;
| | - Ari Dwijayanti
- CNRS@CREATE Ltd., 1 Create Way, #08-01 Create Tower, Singapore 138602, Singapore;
| | | | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Heewon Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ocky Karna Radjasa
- Oceanography Research Center, The Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency, North Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rapid Purification of Fucoxanthin from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103189. [PMID: 35630664 PMCID: PMC9146544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is a natural marine xanthophyll and exhibits a broad range of biological activities. In the present study, a simple and efficient two-step method was used to purify fucoxanthin from the diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The crude pigment extract of fucoxanthin was separated by silica gel column chromatography (SGCC). Then, the fucoxanthin-rich fraction was purified using a hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) solid-phase extraction column. The identification and quantification of fucoxanthin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This two-step method can obtain 92.03% pure fucoxanthin and a 76.67% recovery rate. In addition, 1H and 13C NMR spectrums were adopted to confirm the identity of fucoxanthin. Finally, the purified fucoxanthin exhibited strong antioxidant properties in vitro with the effective concentration for 50% of maximal scavenging (EC50) of 1,1-Dihpenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free radicals being 0.14 mg·mL-1 and 0.05 mg·mL-1, respectively.
Collapse
|
32
|
Interlaboratory exercise for the analysis of carotenoids and related compounds in dried mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.). J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
33
|
Yu J, Liu X, Zhang L, Shao P, Wu W, Chen Z, Li J, Renard CM. An overview of carotenoid extractions using green solvents assisted by Z-isomerization. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
34
|
Different spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous quantification of lycopene and β-carotene from a binary mixture. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Moyo AC, Dufossé L, Giuffrida D, van Zyl LJ, Trindade M. Structure and biosynthesis of carotenoids produced by a novel Planococcus sp. isolated from South Africa. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:43. [PMID: 35305628 PMCID: PMC8933910 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genus Planococcus is comprised of halophilic bacteria generally reported for the production of carotenoid pigments and biosurfactants. In previous work, we showed that the culturing of the orange-pigmented Planococcus sp. CP5-4 isolate increased the evaporation rate of industrial wastewater brine effluent, which we attributed to the orange pigment. This demonstrated the potential application of this bacterium for industrial brine effluent management in evaporation ponds for inland desalination plants. Here we identified a C30-carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for pigment biosynthesis in Planococcus sp. CP5-4 through isolation of mutants and genome sequencing. We further compare the core genes of the carotenoid biosynthetic gene clusters identified from different Planococcus species’ genomes which grouped into gene cluster families containing BGCs linked to different carotenoid product chemotypes. Lastly, LC–MS analysis of saponified and unsaponified pigment extracts obtained from cultures of Planococcus sp. CP5-4, revealed the structure of the main (predominant) glucosylated C30-carotenoid fatty acid ester produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4. Results Genome sequence comparisons of isolated mutant strains of Planococcus sp. CP5-4 showed deletions of 146 Kb and 3 Kb for the non-pigmented and “yellow” mutants respectively. Eight candidate genes, likely responsible for C30-carotenoid biosynthesis, were identified on the wild-type genome region corresponding to the deleted segment in the non-pigmented mutant. Six of the eight candidate genes formed a biosynthetic gene cluster. A truncation of crtP was responsible for the “yellow” mutant phenotype. Genome annotation revealed that the genes encoded 4,4′-diapolycopene oxygenase (CrtNb), 4,4′- diapolycopen-4-al dehydrogenase (CrtNc), 4,4′-diapophytoene desaturase (CrtN), 4,4′- diaponeurosporene oxygenase (CrtP), glycerol acyltransferase (Agpat), family 2 glucosyl transferase 2 (Gtf2), phytoene/squalene synthase (CrtM), and cytochrome P450 hydroxylase enzymes. Carotenoid analysis showed that a glucosylated C30-carotenoid fatty acid ester, methyl 5-(6-C17:3)-glucosyl-5, 6′-dihydro-apo-4, 4′-lycopenoate was the main carotenoid compound produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4. Conclusion We identified and characterized the carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster and the C30-carotenoid compound produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4. Mass-spectrometry guided analysis of the saponified and unsaponified pigment extracts showed that methyl 5-glucosyl-5, 6-dihydro-apo-4, 4′-lycopenoate esterified to heptadecatrienoic acid (C17:3). Furthermore, through phylogenetic analysis of the core carotenoid BGCs of Planococcus species we show that various C30-carotenoid product chemotypes, apart from methyl 5-glucosyl-5, 6-dihydro-apo-4, 4′-lycopenoate and 5-glucosyl-4, 4-diaponeurosporen-4′-ol-4-oic acid, may be produced that could offer opportunities for a variety of applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01752-1.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abuga I, Sulaiman SF, Abdul Wahab R, Ooi KL, Abdull Rasad MSB. Phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of 45 Malay traditional medicinal plants. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
37
|
Rapid determination of lutein in fresh and commercial food samples using paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
38
|
Wu L, Wang H, Liu S, Liu M, Liu J, Wang Y, Sun L, Yang W, Shen H. Mapping of CaPP2C35 involved in the formation of light-green immature pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits via GWAS and BSA. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:591-604. [PMID: 34762177 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association study, bulked segregant analysis, and genetic analysis delimited the LG locus controlling light-green immature pepper fruits into a 35.07 kbp region on chromosome 10. A strong candidate gene, CaPP2C35, was identified in this region. In pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), the common colors of immature fruits are yellowish white, milky yellow, green, purple, and purplish black. Genes related to dark green, white, and purple immature fruits have been cloned; however, only a few studies have investigated light-green immature fruits. Here, we performed a genetic study using light-green (17C827) and green (17C658) immature fruits. The light-green color of immature fruits was controlled by a single locus-dominant genetic trait compared with the green color of immature fruits. We also performed a genome-wide association study and bulked segregant analysis of immature-fruit color and mapped the LG locus to a 35.07 kbp region on chromosome 10. Only one gene, Capana10g001710, was found in this region. A G-A substitution occurred at the 313th base of the Capana10g001710 coding sequence in 17C827, resulting in the conversion of the α-helix of its encoded PP2C35 protein into a β-fold. The expression of Capana10g001710 (termed CaPP2C35) in 17C827 was significantly higher than in 17C658. Silencing CaPP2C35 in 17C827 resulted in an increase in chlorophyll content in the exocarp and the appearance of green stripes on the surface of the fruit. These results indicate that CaPP2C35 may be involved in the formation of light-green immature fruits by regulating the accumulation of chlorophyll content in the exocarp. Thus, these findings lay the foundation for further studies and genetic improvement of immature-fruit color in pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sujun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinkui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wencai Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huolin Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kabir MT, Rahman MH, Shah M, Jamiruddin MR, Basak D, Al-Harrasi A, Bhatia S, Ashraf GM, Najda A, El-Kott AF, Mohamed HRH, Al-Malky HS, Germoush MO, Altyar AE, Alwafai EB, Ghaboura N, Abdel-Daim MM. Therapeutic promise of carotenoids as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112610. [PMID: 35062074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis have various disease-specific causal factors and pathological features. A very common characteristic of NDs is oxidative stress (OS), which takes place due to the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species during the progression of NDs. Furthermore, the pathological condition of NDs including an increased level of protein aggregates can further lead to chronic inflammation because of the microglial activation. Carotenoids (CTs) are naturally occurring pigments that play a significant role in averting brain disorders. More than 750 CTs are present in nature, and they are widely available in plants, microorganisms, and animals. CTs are accountable for the red, yellow, and orange pigments in several animals and plants, and these colors usually indicate various types of CTs. CTs exert various bioactive properties because of its characteristic structure, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Due to the protective properties of CTs, levels of CTs in the human body have been markedly linked with the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including NDs. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs. In addition, we have also particularly focused on the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of CTs in the management of NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Kabir
- Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Debasish Basak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa B Alwafai
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Understanding carotenoid biosynthetic pathway control points using metabolomic analysis and natural genetic variation. Methods Enzymol 2022; 671:127-151. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
41
|
Assessment of dietary carotenoid intake and biologic measurement of exposure in humans. Methods Enzymol 2022; 674:255-295. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
42
|
López GD, Álvarez-Rivera G, Carazzone C, Ibáñez E, Leidy C, Cifuentes A. Bacterial Carotenoids: Extraction, Characterization, and Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1239-1262. [PMID: 34915787 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2016366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural carotenoids are secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. These types of compounds are highly demanded by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, and food industries, leading to the search for new natural sources of carotenoids. In recent years, the production of carotenoids from bacteria has become of great interest for industrial applications. In addition to carotenoids with C40-skeletons, some bacteria have the ability to synthesize characteristic carotenoids with C30-skeletons. In this regard, a great variety of methodologies for the extraction and identification of bacterial carotenoids has been reported and this is the first review that condenses most of this information. To understand the diversity of carotenoids from bacteria, we present their biosynthetic origin in order to focus on the methodologies employed in their extraction and characterization. Special emphasis has been made on high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for the analysis and identification of bacterial carotenoids. We end up this review showing their potential commercial use. This review is proposed as a guide for the identification of these metabolites, which are frequently reported in new bacteria strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerson-Dirceu López
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products (LATNAP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Physics Department, Laboratory of Biophysics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Chiara Carazzone
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products (LATNAP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chad Leidy
- Physics Department, Laboratory of Biophysics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
High-pressure fluid technologies: Recent approaches to the production of natural pigments for food and pharmaceutical applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
44
|
Souza Guedes L, Santana CC, Rutledge DN, Pinto L, Jardim ICSF, Melo LV, Beppu MM, Breitkreitz MC. Quantification of palm oil bioactive compounds by ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography and chemometrics. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Douglas Neil Rutledge
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood Paris France
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia
| | - Licarion Pinto
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Watanabe T, Yamagaki T, Azuma T, Horikawa M. Distinguishing between isomeric neoxanthin and violaxanthin esters in yellow flower petals using liquid chromatography/photodiode array atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9142. [PMID: 34114690 PMCID: PMC8365631 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Liquid chromatography/photodiode array atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC/PDA-APCI-MS) is used for the analysis of various carotenoid pigments in plants. Among them, it is difficult to distinguish between the isomeric violaxanthin/neoxanthin esters. METHODS The yellow pigments of tomato petals were extracted with acetone, and the extracts were kept at -30°C to allow the contaminating triacylglycerols to settle out physically. The supernatants were analyzed using LC/PDA-APCI-MS with a high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometer for their exact masses. The expected carotenoid esters were calculated with the combination of carotenoids and fatty acids, and they were matched with the experimental exact masses. The fatty acid structures in the carotenoid esters were also identified using collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The isomeric violaxanthin/neoxanthin esters were distinguished using CID MS/MS from their in-source dehydrated product ions as pseudoprecursor ions. RESULTS The in-source dehydrated ions [M - H2 O + H]+ of neoxanthin diesters predominated over their protonated molecules [M + H]+ in LC/MS. By contrast, the protonated molecules of violaxanthin diesters predominated. The 92 u loss product ions [M - H2 O - C7 H8 + H]+ were observed from the dehydrated violaxanthin diesters, but they were not generated from the dehydrated neoxanthin diesters in the CID MS/MS of their dehydrated pseudoprecursor ion [M - H2 O + H]+ . CONCLUSIONS The allene allyl carbocation in neoxanthin diesters was generated from dehydration after preferential protonation at the hydroxy group. The epoxide group of violaxanthin diesters opens easily after protonation; however, the dehydration did not proceed at this stage. The 92 u loss of C7 H8 was explained by an intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition, which proceeded preferentially in dehydrated violaxanthin diesters because the carbocations in the dehydrated species were conjugated to the polyene and those double bonds were depolarized during CID MS/MS. Therefore, the isomeric neoxanthin/violaxanthin diesters were distinguished using LC/PDA-APCI-MS and MS/MS. This method was a practical and useful method of profiling the carotenoid esters of the yellow petals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Watanabe
- Bioorganic Research InstituteSuntory Foundation for Life SciencesKyotoJapan
| | - Tohru Yamagaki
- Bioorganic Research InstituteSuntory Foundation for Life SciencesKyotoJapan
| | - Toshiaki Azuma
- Bioorganic Research InstituteSuntory Foundation for Life SciencesKyotoJapan
| | - Manabu Horikawa
- Bioorganic Research InstituteSuntory Foundation for Life SciencesKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
López GD, Suesca E, Álvarez-Rivera G, Rosato AE, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A, Leidy C, Carazzone C. Carotenogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus: New insights and impact on membrane biophysical properties. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158941. [PMID: 33862238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Staphyloxanthin (STX) is a saccharolipid derived from a carotenoid in Staphylococcus aureus involved in oxidative-stress tolerance and antimicrobial peptide resistance. STX influences the biophysical properties of the bacterial membrane and has been associated to the formation of lipid domains in the regulation of methicillin-resistance. In this work, a targeted metabolomics and biophysical characterization study was carried out to investigate the biosynthetic pathways of carotenoids, and their impact on the membrane biophysical properties. Five different S. aureus strains were investigated, including three wild-type strains containing the crtM gene related to STX biosynthesis, a crtM-deletion mutant, and a crtMN plasmid-complemented variant. LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis of extracts allowed the identification of 34 metabolites related to carotenogenesis in S. aureus at different growth phases (8, 24 and 48 h), showing the progression of these metabolites as the bacteria advances into the stationary phase. For the first time, 22 members of a large family of carotenoids were identified, including STX and STX-homologues, as well as Dehydro-STX and Dehydro-STX-homologues. Moreover, thermotropic behavior of the CH2 stretch of lipid acyl chains in live cells by FTIR, show that the presence of STX increases acyl chain order at the bacterial growth temperature. Indeed, the cooperative melting event of the bacterial membrane, which occurs around 15 °C in the native strains, shifts with increased carotenoid content. These results show the diversity biosynthetic of carotenoids in S. aureus, and their influence on membrane biophysical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerson-Dirceu López
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products (LATNAP), Chemistry Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Suesca
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Adriana E Rosato
- Molecular Microbiology Diagnostics-Research, Riverside University Health System, Professor Loma Linda University, Moreno Valley, CA, USA
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chad Leidy
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Chiara Carazzone
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products (LATNAP), Chemistry Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
A scientific approach to extraction methods and stability of pigments from Amazonian fruits. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
48
|
Ferreira-Santos P, Miranda SM, Belo I, Spigno G, Teixeira JA, Rocha CM. Sequential multi-stage extraction of biocompounds from Spirulina platensis: Combined effect of ohmic heating and enzymatic treatment. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
49
|
A new voltammetric approach for the determination of β-carotene in vegetables and pharmaceutical capsules using a gold electrode. Talanta 2021; 227:122088. [PMID: 33714457 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Significant improvements in the voltammetric determination of β-carotene (BCA) have been achieved, mainly by the replacement of toxic dichloromethane with acetone and using non-mercury electrode. The respective procedure is based on anodic oxidation of BCA at a gold electrode in the disc configuration, when using square-wave voltammetry in pure acetone (99.8%) with 0.1 mol L-1 LiClO4 as the supporting electrolyte. The method comprises extraction of the analyte from the sample with acetone, thus avoiding the usually used highly toxic solvents. Analytically, it can be characterized by a linear range from 6.0 × 10-6 to 5.9 × 10-4 mol L-1 with regression equation Ipa = 0.0184c -0.1631 and correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.9998, limits of detection and quantification LOD = 1.6 × 10-6 mol L-1 and LOQ = 5.4 × 10-6 mol L-1, respectively; both being obtained at a potential step of 5 mV, with the pulse amplitude of 25 mV, and a frequency of 80 Hz. After optimization, the method was evaluated in series of analyses; namely, with two samples of vegetables and two pharmaceutical preparations (capsules), when the results could be compared to those of a reference spectrophotometric method. Due to a simple instrumentation, including sample preparation, the voltammetric method for the determination of BCA can be recommended as a quick screening assay in food and pharmaceutical analysis.
Collapse
|
50
|
Lewandowski K, Zhang X, Hayes M, Ferruzzi MG, Paton CM. Design and Nutrient Analysis of a Carotenoid-Rich Food Product to Address Vitamin A and Protein Deficiency. Foods 2021; 10:1019. [PMID: 34067097 PMCID: PMC8151009 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide undernutrition affects over 820 million individuals and is the underlying cause of over 50% of all childhood deaths. Sweet potatoes have been promoted to address vitamin A (vitA) deficiency, with a single, orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) providing enough vitA, as β-carotene, to meet daily needs. However, the bioavailability of β-carotene is dependent on the presence of dietary fat, which is not provided by OFSP, and it lacks some essential amino acids. Therefore, in an attempt to create a food product that meets daily vitA requirements with adequate bioavailability and complete protein, we designed and assessed a sweet potato, peanut paste, and legume product. The final food product formulation, developed through computer modeling, resulted in a 65/5/35 (w/w/w) formulation in a 250 g serving and ~330 kcal. We then confirmed the nutrient content of macronutrients, and essential amino acids, zinc, and iron contents. Total β-carotene was assessed by HPLC and was lower than predicted through computer modeling, likely due to losses through thermal processing and/or degradation from storage. The results of this project indicate that the three ingredients can be combined into a single 250 g food product to provide >300 kcal energy, complete protein, and micronutrients in a more bioavailable form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lewandowski
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Micala Hayes
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (M.H.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Mario G. Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (M.H.); (M.G.F.)
| | - Chad M. Paton
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Foods & Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| |
Collapse
|