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Dube E, Trottier ME, Greyson D, MacDonald NE, Meyer SB, MacDonald SE, Driedger SM, Witteman HO, Ouakki M, Gagnon D. Use of narratives to enhance childhood vaccine acceptance: Results of an online experiment among Canadian parents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2379093. [PMID: 39044701 PMCID: PMC11271131 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2379093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying effective interventions to promote children's vaccination acceptance is crucial for the health and wellbeing of communities. Many interventions can be implemented to increase parental awareness of the benefits of vaccination and positively influence their confidence in vaccines and vaccination services. One potential approach is using narratives as an intervention. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a narrative-based intervention on parents' attitudes and vaccination intentions. In a pre-post experiment, 2,000 parents of young children recruited from an online pan-Canadian panel were randomly exposed to one of the three videos presenting narratives to promote childhood vaccination or a control condition video about the importance and benefits of physical activity in children. Pre-post measures reveal a relatively modest but positive impact of the narratives on parents' attitudes and intention to vaccinate their child(ren). The results also suggest that narratives with more emotional content may be more effective in positively influencing vaccine attitudes than the more factual narrative. Using narratives to promote vaccination can positively influence parents' views and intentions toward childhood vaccines, but research is still required to identify the best components of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Dube
- Department of Anthropology, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Trottier
- Department of Biohazard, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Noni E. MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Samantha B. Meyer
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon E. MacDonald
- Faculty of Nursing, University, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S. Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Holly O. Witteman
- Department of Family Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manale Ouakki
- Department of Biohazard, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dominique Gagnon
- Department of Biohazard, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
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Sotoodeh A, Hedberg P, Granath F, Alfvén T, Nauclér P. Sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents in Stockholm, Sweden. Vaccine 2024; 42:126388. [PMID: 39342901 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited data exists on sociodemographic differences in vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among adolescents. This study investigated the association of sociodemographic factors and vaccination coverage of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years over the period of the general vaccination recommendation in Stockholm County, Sweden. METHOD We conducted a population-based retrospective cross-sectional study of vaccine uptake of at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine up until 31 October 2022. We analysed vaccination coverage by sex, age group, underlying medical conditions, household socioeconomic factors, and vaccination status among adults in the household, using stratified analyses and multivariable modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 166,634 adolescents out of which 70.3 % (n = 117,185) received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. In the fully adjusted model, the strongest predictor for not being vaccinated was if all adults in the household were unvaccinated (adjusted relative risk, aRR, 0.11, 95 % CI 0.10-0.12). Lower household education level and having both parents born outside Sweden were similarly negatively associated with vaccination coverage among adolescents. No association was observed between vaccination coverage and being an adolescent with an underlying medical condition (aRR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.99-1.02). CONCLUSION Our results emphasise the necessity to address sociodemographic disparities and to engage adolescents at risk through targeted measures with particular emphasis in low-vaccination households in addition to households with lower education and non-Swedish origins in future vaccination program strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sotoodeh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pontus Hedberg
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Granath
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Alfvén
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pontus Nauclér
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Guan D, Dave S, Ebrahim M, Laroche JA. Factors associated with childhood non-vaccination against COVID-19 in Canada: A national survey analysis. Vaccine X 2024; 18:100478. [PMID: 38572339 PMCID: PMC10988031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccination efforts are critical in mitigating the impact of the virus, but despite proven safety and efficacy, vaccination rates among children in Canada are lower than in adults, prompting a need to explore determinants of childhood COVID-19 non-vaccination to improve uptake. Method This study analyzed data from the Canadian COVID-19 Immunization Coverage Survey 2022. Using multivariable logistic regression, it examined the association between COVID-19 non-vaccination among children aged 5-17 and factors such as parental sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB), and vaccination history. Results The analysis revealed that negative KAB towards vaccines, reflected in higher KAB composite scores, significantly increased the likelihood of non-vaccination. Additionally, factors such as lower household incomes, rural residence, employment in sectors not at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases, and younger parental age were associated with higher non-vaccination. The study also highlighted ethnic disparities in vaccination odds and found that children with incomplete routine vaccinations or inconsistent flu vaccination histories were more likely to be unvaccinated against COVID-19. Surprisingly, children of parents who consistently received flu vaccinations were more likely to be unvaccinated against COVID-19. Furthermore, parental education levels showed a complex relationship with children's COVID-19 vaccination status, indicating nuanced influences on vaccination decisions. Conclusion The findings offer vital insights into the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination uptake among children in Canada, suggesting avenues for targeted strategies to improve vaccine coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Guan
- Centre for Immunization Surveillance, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sailly Dave
- Centre for Immunization Surveillance, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marwa Ebrahim
- Centre for Immunization Surveillance, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie A. Laroche
- Centre for Immunization Surveillance, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Lababidi G, Lababidi H, Bitar F, Arabi M. COVID-19 Vaccines in the Pediatric Population: A Focus on Cardiac Patients. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2024; 2024:2667033. [PMID: 38779616 PMCID: PMC11111306 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2667033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to the deleterious global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, tremendous effort has been invested in the development of vaccines against the virus. Vaccine candidates are first tested in adult populations, a number of which have been approved for EUL by the WHO, and are in use across the USA and MENA region. The question remains whether these (or other) vaccines should be recommended to a neonatal, pediatric, and/or adolescent cohort. Incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection are low in pediatric, neonatal, and adolescent patients. Since both overall incidence and severity are lower in children than in adults, safety is an important consideration in vaccine approval for these age groups, in addition to efficacy and a decreased risk of transmission. The following review discusses vaccine immunology in children aged 0-18 years, with emphasis on the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of children, considerations for pediatric vaccine approval, and available vaccines for pediatric cohorts along with a breakdown of the efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages for each. This review also contains current and future perspectives, as well as a section on the cardiovascular implications and related dynamics of pediatric COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghena Lababidi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hossam Lababidi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi Bitar
- Children's Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mariam Arabi
- Children's Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Cuccaro PM, Choi J, Tiruneh YM, Martinez J, Xie J, Crum M, Owens M, Yamal JM. Parental Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Children over 5 Years of Age in Texas. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:526. [PMID: 38793777 PMCID: PMC11125654 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective for children, yet parental hesitancy towards vaccinating children against the virus persists. We conducted a telephone-administered weighted survey in Texas to examine parents' sociodemographic factors and medical conditions associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention for parents with unvaccinated children ages 5-17 years. We collected responses from 19,502 participants, of which 4879 were parents of children ages 5-17 years. We conducted multiple logistic regression with Lasso-selected variables to identify factors associated with children's vaccination status and parents' intention to vaccinate their children. From the unweighted sample, less than half of the parents (46.8%) had at least one unvaccinated child. These parents were more likely to be White, English-speaking, not concerned about illness, privately insured, and unvaccinated for COVID-19 themselves (p < 0.001). In the adjusted regression model, parents who were unvaccinated (vs. having COVID-19 booster, aOR = 28.6) and financially insecure (aOR = 1.46) had higher odds of having unvaccinated children. Parents who were Asian (aOR = 0.50), Black (aOR = 0.69), Spanish-speaking (aOR = 0.57), concerned about illness (aOR = 0.63), had heart disease (aOR = 0.41), and diabetes (aOR = 0.61) had lower odds of having unvaccinated children. Parents who were Asian, Black, Hispanic, Spanish-speaking, concerned about illness for others, and vaccine-boosted were more likely to have vaccination intention for their children (p < 0.001). Children's vaccination is essential to reduce COVID-19 transmission. It is important to raise awareness about the value of pediatric COVID-19 vaccination while considering parents' sociodemographic and medical circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. Cuccaro
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jihye Choi
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yordanos M. Tiruneh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (Y.M.T.); (M.C.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Journey Martinez
- Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.); (J.X.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Xie
- Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.); (J.X.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michelle Crum
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (Y.M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Mark Owens
- Department of Political Science, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409, USA;
| | - Jose-Miguel Yamal
- Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.); (J.X.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Tsui N, Edwards SA, Simms AJ, King KD, Mecredy G. COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among citizens of the Métis Nation of Ontario. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2024; 115:209-219. [PMID: 38189860 PMCID: PMC11006635 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study objective is to measure the influence of psychological antecedents of vaccination on COVID-19 vaccine intention among citizens of the Métis Nation of Ontario (MNO). METHODS A population-based online survey was implemented by the MNO when COVID-19 vaccines were approved in Canada. Questions included vaccine intention, the short version of the "5C" psychological antecedents of vaccination scale (confidence, complacency, constraint, calculation, collective responsibility), and socio-demographics. Census sampling via the MNO Registry was used achieving a 39% response rate. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multinomial logistic regression models (adjusted for sociodemographic variables) were used to analyze the survey data. RESULTS The majority of MNO citizens (70.2%) planned to be vaccinated. As compared with vaccine-hesitant individuals, respondents with vaccine intention were more confident in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines, believed that COVID-19 is severe, were willing to protect others from getting COVID-19, and would research the vaccines (Confident OR = 19.4, 95% CI 15.5-24.2; Complacency OR = 6.21, 95% CI 5.38-7.18; Collective responsibility OR = 9.83, 95% CI 8.24-11.72; Calculation OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.28-1.59). Finally, respondents with vaccine intention were less likely to let everyday stress prevent them from getting COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.42-0.53) compared to vaccine-hesitant individuals. CONCLUSION This research contributes to the knowledge base for Métis health and supported the MNO's information sharing and educational activities during the COVID-19 vaccines rollout. Future research will examine the relationship between the 5Cs and actual uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among MNO citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Tsui
- Métis Nation of Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- ICES Central, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Sarah A Edwards
- Métis Nation of Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES Central, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abigail J Simms
- Métis Nation of Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES Central, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keith D King
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Cheng L, Kong J, Xie X, Zhang L, Zhang F. Parents' acceptance attitudes towards the vaccination of children based on M-LSGDM approach in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e075297. [PMID: 38401900 PMCID: PMC10895212 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ensuring that children receive timely vaccinations is paramount for preventing infectious diseases, and parental attitude plays a pivotal role in this process. This study addresses this gap in the existing literature by examining parental attitudes towards vaccinating their children. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS An online survey including parents' sociodemographic characteristics, risk perception and attitudes towards child vaccination towards COVID-19 was conducted. The modified large-scale group decision-making approach for practicality and binary logistic regression was used to identify the predictors influencing parents' decision-making. RESULTS Of the 1292 parents participated, 957 (74.1%) were willing to vaccinate their children, while 335 (25.9%) refused the vaccination. The study indicated that age, parental anxiety regarding child vaccination, concerns about the child's susceptibility to the disease, opinions towards vaccination benefits versus disadvantages, place of residence, average family income and children's health were significant predictors (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS While most parents supported childhood vaccination, some opposed it. Addressing persistent barriers is crucial to ensure widespread vaccination and child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Cheng
- School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhui Kong
- Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital/School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gramacho W, Turgeon M, Santos Mundim P, Pereira I. Why did Brazil fail to vaccinate children against COVID-19 during the pandemic? An assessment of attitudinal and behavioral determinants. Vaccine 2024; 42:315-321. [PMID: 38061957 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify the determining attitudinal, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors behind the vaccination decision of parents and guardians in Brazil regarding immunization of children against COVID-19. Our data is obtained from a national online survey of 1,872 parents or guardians of children between 5 and 11 years of age, conducted from May 16 to 25, 2022. Our results show that, in Brazil, the decision to vaccinate children against COVID-19 is better explained by attitudinal and behavioral factors than sociodemographic ones. More precisely, the choice to immunize children against COVID-19 is strongly associated with the parents or guardians' own COVID-19 vaccination status, their ambivalence regarding this decision, their political preferences, and media use. In particular, parents and guardians who did not vaccinate against SARSCov2 and who supported former president Jair Bolsonaro (the main anti-vaccine political leader in the country during the COVID-19 pandemic) were substantially less likely to vaccinate their children. Parents and guardians with greater exposure to the country's major TV news program (Jornal Nacional/TV Globo), however, were more likely to do so. Other findings show that evangelicals - whose religious leaders strongly supported the former president -, young parents and guardians, and those from lower economic status were also less likely to vaccinate their children.
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Vaghela G, Shukla A, Dave DJ, Lamichhane A. Healthcare professionals' acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children: A cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital in Western India. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1821. [PMID: 38250475 PMCID: PMC10797158 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Establishing a transparent and forthright dialog between healthcare professionals (HCPs) and the public is paramount in promoting the effective acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for children. Hence, this study aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, knowledge, and perception among HCPs for their children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCPs at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Western India. A structured questionnaire was designed and validated to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results The study found that more than 80% of HCPs had good knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, and 92.74% of them were willing to accept the vaccine for their children. Doctors were more likely to vaccinate their children, and 73% of HCPs had a favorable attitude toward immunizing their children if a new COVID-19 vaccine was available. Academic/peer-reviewed publications were considered the most reliable source of information for COVID-19 vaccination, followed by government sources. Conclusion This study found that parental vaccine hesitancy was significantly lower among the HCP group. The majority of HCPs were in favor of vaccinating their children against COVID-19, indicating that they can serve as an effective channel for promoting parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladson Vaghela
- Gujarat Medical Education & Research Society (GMERS) Medical CollegeGandhinagarGujaratIndia
| | - Apexa Shukla
- Department of PharmacologyGujarat Medical Education & Research Society (GMERS) Medical CollegeGandhinagarGujaratIndia
| | - Darshan J Dave
- Department of PharmacologyGujarat Medical Education & Research Society (GMERS) Medical CollegeGandhinagarGujaratIndia
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Bateyi Mustafa SH, Kabamba M, Onyango RO. Determinants of parents' intention to vaccinate their children aged 12-17 years against COVID-19 in North Kivu (Democratic Republic of Congo). Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2179788. [PMID: 36864602 PMCID: PMC10026875 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2179788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parents are facing tremendous stress in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination program for children. We aimed to investigate parents' willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 in North Kivu province, (Democratic Republic of Congo). A cross-sectional survey between 1 December 2021 to 20 January 2022 in six health zones (Goma, Karisimbi, Butembo, Beni, Kamango, and Katwa) was conducted in the province of North Kivu. In each health zone, we selected five clusters (Health area) using the method of probabilistic selection proportional to population size. In total, 522 parents participated in our study. Results: Overall, 32.8% of parents intended to vaccinate their children. In the multivariate analysis, a younger age of parents (aOR: 2.40, CI: [1.50-3.83]), a higher level of fear that "a member of my family" could contract COVID-19 (aOR: 2.35, CI: [1.38-4.02]), a higher level of perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 within the family (aOR: 1.70, CI: [1.005-2.2881]), a higher level of perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 within the family (aOR: 3.07, CI: [1.80-5.23]), and a history of vaccination against COVID-19 among parents (aOR: 16.47, CI: [8.39-32.33]), were all significantly associated with the intention of parents to have their children or adolescents vaccinated. According to the different explanatory factors of the will to have their children vaccinated, an emphasis on the health education of parents who are prone to refusal or hesitation of the vaccine, by addressing the common reasons for the refusal of the vaccine and highlight the vaccine's benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Hans Bateyi Mustafa
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Community Development, Great Lacs University of Kisumu, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Michel Kabamba
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Rosebella O Onyango
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Community Development, Great Lacs University of Kisumu, Kisumu, Kenya
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Eichelberger L, Hansen A, Cochran P, Hahn M, Fried R. COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in remote Alaska between November 2020 and November 2021. Int J Circumpolar Health 2023; 82:2242582. [PMID: 37535846 PMCID: PMC10402834 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2023.2242582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is an ongoing barrier to achieve sufficient COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Although there are many studies globally of vaccine hesitancy based on large survey samples, there are fewer in-depth qualitative studies that explore vaccine hesitancy and acceptance as a spectrum of decision-making. In this paper, we begin to describe vaccination decision-making among 58 adults living in remote Alaska based on three waves of online surveys and follow-up semi-structured interviews conducted between November 2020 and November 2021. The survey question of intention was not a predictor of adoption for about one third of the interviewees who were unvaccinated when they took the survey (n=12, 35%). Over half of all interviewees (n=37, 64%) had vaccine-related concerns, including 25 vaccinated individuals (representing 57% of vaccinated interviewees). Most interviewees reported that they learned about COVID-19 vaccines through interpersonal interactions (n=30, 52%) and/or a variety of media sources (n=29, 50%). The major facilitators of acceptance were trust in the information source (n=20, 48% of the 42 who responded), and learning from the experiences of family, friends, and the broader community (n=12, 29%). Further, trust and having a sense of agency appears to be important to interviewee decision-making, regardless of vaccination status and intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Eichelberger
- Tribal Water Center, Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Amanda Hansen
- Tribal Water Center, Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Micah Hahn
- Institute for Circumpolar Health Studies, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Ruby Fried
- Institute for Circumpolar Health Studies, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
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Maneesriwongul W, Deesamer S, Butsing N. Parental Vaccine Literacy: Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Aged 5-11 Years against COVID-19 in Thailand. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1804. [PMID: 38140208 PMCID: PMC10747165 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High rates of population immunity are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess parents' intention to have their children, aged 5-11 years, vaccinated against COVID-19 and its influencing factors in Thailand. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted before the nationwide COVID-19 vaccine rollout for children aged 5-11 years in Thailand. A sample of 542 parents with children in this age group was recruited online. RESULTS In total, 58.8% of parents intended to vaccinate their child against COVID-19. Logistic regression analysis revealed that influencing factors include child age, parents' education, interactive/critical vaccine literacy, attitudes that the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective for children, that the vaccine can reduce the severity of COVID-19 in children, that there were other ways to prevent children from contracting COVID-19 superior to vaccination, and that COVID-19 vaccination in children can be fatal. The main reasons for having an intention to vaccinate their children included to reduce the severity of symptoms if infected with COVID-19 and to protect them from contracting COVID-19 when they go to school. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence regarding factors influencing parents' intention to vaccinate their children. The findings can be used to design future interventions to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suhong Deesamer
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (W.M.); (N.B.)
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13
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Lackner CL, Wang CH. Predictors of Intention to Vaccinate or Continue to Vaccinate Children Against SARS-CoV-2 During the Fifth Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the USA. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231219644. [PMID: 38019902 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231219644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The Centre for Disease Control recommends vaccination of children against SARS-CoV-2 to reduce the severity of COVID-19 disease and reduce the likelihood of associated complications. Vaccination of children requires the consent of parents or guardians, and levels of consent may ebb and flow over the course of the pandemic. This exploratory study examines predictors of parental intentions to vaccinate their children and the speed with which they would have them vaccinated during the fifth wave of the pandemic when vaccines were just being approved for use in children using a convenience sample of 641 parents reporting on 962 children. Multi-level regression analyses demonstrated regional differences in likelihood, with those in the Northeast reporting higher likelihood than those in the West. Parents with a conservative belief system were less likely to want to have their children vaccinated. Parents were more likely to have their child vaccinated if the child had COVID-19-related health risks, their child had a more complete vaccination history, and COVID-19 was perceived to be a greater threat to oneself and one's family. Faster intended vaccination speed was associated with regional urbanicity, liberal belief systems, more complete vaccination histories, and parental COVID-19 vaccination history. Higher levels of parental anxiety and lower levels of perceived vaccine danger were associated with increased speed. The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic within one's county was marginally related to speed, but not likelihood. These results underscore the importance of regular assessment of parental intentions across the pandemic, for practitioners to probe parental anxiety levels when discussing vaccination, to explicitly address risk/benefit analyses when communicating with parents, and to target previously routine unvaccinated parents and those in more rural areas to increase vaccine uptake. Comparisons are made with Galanis et al.'s (2022) recent meta-analysis on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles H Wang
- Performance and Analytics, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, NS, Canada
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14
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Majzoub RA, Alrofaie OH, Almotreb LK, Alateeq SK, Bin Obaid FR. Parental Hesitancy and Attitude Concerning COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Side Effects in Saudi Arabia, Eastern Region. Cureus 2023; 15:e48776. [PMID: 38024028 PMCID: PMC10644232 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy poses a substantial challenge to the field of public health. There are various factors that influence the willingness of parents to vaccinate their children. Addressing the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy within the community has the potential to facilitate the development of more effective approaches for global vaccination initiatives. This study aims to assess parents' perspectives regarding the immunization of children aged five to 12 against COVID-19, including their experiences with adverse effects, as well as the factors that influence their hesitancy or acceptance of the vaccine in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods A web-based, cross-sectional study utilized an independently administered online questionnaire. The validated questionnaire was distributed to study participants through social networking platforms in order to recruit individuals from various locations in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia, such as Dammam, Al-Hassa, Al-Jubail, Ras Tanura, Dhahran, Al-Khobar, and Al-Qatif. Results The study encompassed a total of 399 participants. The most commonly reported adverse effects among the first and second children were pain at the injection site (1st child: 267 (66.70%), second child: 263 (66.20%)) and fever (1st child: 171 (43.10%), second child: 187 (47.50%)). A significant proportion of the participants, specifically 139 individuals (35%), expressed apprehension regarding immunization. This concern stemmed from various factors, including the fear of experiencing adverse effects, skepticism regarding the vaccine's efficacy, and exposure to potentially harmful information about the vaccine. Ninety-nine participants, accounting for 25% of the sample, indicated their agreement with the safety of COVID-19. Additionally, 104 participants, constituting 26% of the sample, held the belief that receiving vaccination aids in the prevention of severe illnesses caused by COVID-19. Notably, the most prevalent reason for vaccine hesitancy among participants was the fear of experiencing adverse effects. A total of 132 individuals, accounting for 33% of the participants, identified healthcare providers, including physicians and scientists, as reliable and trustworthy sources of vaccine information. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the demographic variables of the participants and their acceptance of the vaccine. Conclusion The study observed an acceptable vaccination rate among children aged five to 12 for the COVID-19 vaccine. Based on the investigation results, the primary apprehension expressed by parents regarding the immunization of their offspring pertained to the potential negative consequences associated with the vaccine. Nonetheless, it was observed that adverse effects were reported in less than fifty percent of vaccinated children. Addressing the concerns pertaining to the COVID-19 vaccination can enhance global participation in the immunization program aimed at mitigating future pandemics.
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15
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Alharbi HS. Review: Factors influencing parents' decisions to vaccinate children against COVID-19. Vaccine 2023; 41:6419-6425. [PMID: 37735055 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination is a cornerstone of public health, significantly safeguarding children's health. Despite the imperative of achieving extensive COVID-19 vaccine coverage, vaccine hesitancy poses a major challenge. OBJECTIVE This review's aim is to analyze parental COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic and elucidate the factors that influenced their decisions. METHODS A search of Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Psycinfo was conducted on February 1, 2022. The inclusion criteria were limited to observational studies that specifically evaluated parental COVID-19 vaccine acceptance or hesitancy for children, published in English. Studies that did not focus on this specific assessment, interventional studies, clinical trials, and secondary literature were excluded. RESULTS In reviewing 27 articles, parental vaccination acceptance rates were found to be different worldwide. Despite this, most of the articles found the same set of factors impacting parental COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy. Parents' age, education, race, children's age, and annual household income were the main sociodemographic factors in vaccination decisions. Other common factors were the perceived risk and benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine, the source of information, parents' acceptance of receiving vaccinations themselves, and previous acceptance of the influenza vaccine. By reviewing parents' willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine for their children, it became clear that a lack of information about vaccine safety and efficacy was the most common factor affecting their decision. CONCLUSION This review identified critical factors affecting parents' vaccination behavior for their children. Awareness of these factors may reduce parents' COVID-19 vaccine refusal for their children and guide future planning and development of public health studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
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16
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Aiano F, Ireland G, Powell A, Campbell CNJ, Judd A, Davies B, Saib A, Mangtani P, Nguipdop-Djomo P, Ladhani SN. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in adolescents: a national cross-sectional study, August 2021-January 2022, England. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071707. [PMID: 37775287 PMCID: PMC10546110 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess socioeconomic and geographical factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in pupils attending state-funded secondary schools in England. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING State-funded schools in England. PARTICIPANTS Pupils aged 12-17 years attending state-funded schools in England for the academic year 2021/2022. OUTCOME MEASURES Demographic, socioeconomic and geographical factors associated with vaccination uptake. We linked individual-level data from the English Schools Census to the National Immunisation Management System to obtain COVID-19 vaccination status of 3.2 million adolescents. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess demographic, socioeconomic and geographical factors associated with vaccination. RESULTS By 9 January 2022, 56.8% of adolescents aged 12-17 years old had received at least one dose, with uptake increasing from 48.7% in those aged 12 years old to 77.2% in those aged 17 years old. Among adolescents aged 12-15 years old, there were large variations in vaccine uptake by region and ethnic group. Pupils who spoke English as an additional language (38.2% vs 55.5%), with special educational needs (48.1% vs 53.5%), eligible for free school meals (35.9% vs 58.9%) and lived in more deprived areas (36.1% in most deprived vs 70.3% in least deprived) had lower vaccine uptake. Socioeconomic variables had greater impact on the odds of being vaccinated than geographical variables. School-level analysis found wide variation in vaccine uptake between schools even within the same region. Schools with higher proportions of pupils eligible for free school meals had lower vaccine uptake. CONCLUSIONS We found large differences in vaccine uptake by geographical region and ethnicity. Socioeconomic variables had a greater impact on the odds of being vaccinated than geographical variables. Further research is required to identify evidence-based interventions to improve vaccine uptake in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity Aiano
- Immunisations and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Georgina Ireland
- Immunisations and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Annabel Powell
- Immunisations and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Colin N J Campbell
- Immunisations and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Alison Judd
- Health Analysis and Pandemic Insights, Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK
| | - Byron Davies
- Health Analysis and Pandemic Insights, Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK
| | - Anisah Saib
- Health Analysis and Pandemic Insights, Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK
| | - Punam Mangtani
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Patrick Nguipdop-Djomo
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Shamez N Ladhani
- Immunisations and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, Public Health England, London, UK
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Garbin AJÍ, Chiba EK, Garbin CAS, Chiba FY, Moimaz SAS, Saliba TA. Systematic review: Impact of parental decision on paediatric COVID-19 vaccination. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:787-799. [PMID: 37161546 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to carry out a systematic review on the acceptance of parents to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and the factors that contribute for vaccination hesitancy. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Re- views and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy were followed. A search was carried out in the VHL Regional Portal, PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases. We included articles that assessed the rate of acceptance and/or hesitation of parents and the factors that affect the decision about vaccination against COVID-19 for their children in cross-sectional studies. Laboratory studies, animal models, tests and case reports that elected other aspects related to COVID-19 were excluded. The methodological quality of the studies was based on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data, developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS From the 708 articles found, 237 studies remained after removal of duplicates. Titles and abstracts of these publications were evaluated and, applying the exclusion criteria, 56 articles were selected. Inclusion criteria were employed and 28 studies were eligible. Overall average vaccination acceptance rate was 55.81%, and the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy were uncertainty of vaccine efficacy and safety, concerns about side effects, and lack of access to relevant information. CONCLUSION The research results can be useful for the development of health education and parental awareness strategies in order to promote greater adherence to vaccination against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artênio José Ísper Garbin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Erika Kiyoko Chiba
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Yamamoto Chiba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Tânia Adas Saliba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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18
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Santi T, Hegar B, Munasir Z, Prayitno A, Werdhani RA, Bandar INS, Jo J, Uswa R, Widia R, Vandenplas Y. Factors associated with parental intention to vaccinate their preschool children against COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey in urban area of Jakarta, Indonesia. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2023; 12:240-248. [PMID: 37599811 PMCID: PMC10435772 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2023.12.3.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We reported a survey-based study assessing the parental intention to vaccinate children of 5 to 7 years old against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to assess factors influencing the parental intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Materials and Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional design, held at the public health center of Senen district, Jakarta, Indonesia from November 1-30, 2022. The off-line questionnaires were distributed via the school administrator to all eligible parents. Factors associated with intention to vaccinate were analyzed with the regression logistic models. Results Of the 435 parents in this study, 215 had already vaccinated their children against COVID-19 (49.4%), and the overall intention of the participants to vaccinate was 69.7%. Factors associated with intention to vaccinate the children against COVID-19 were parental employment status, parental COVID-19 vaccine status and concern of contracting COVID-19. Parents who are employed, had completed vaccines with COVID-19 booster vaccine, and had concern of their children contracting COVID-19 were more likely to vaccinate their children (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-3.69; p=0.011; OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.21-3.83; p=0.013; OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.34-4.30; p=0.004, respectively). Concern on the vaccine's side effects was negatively associated with the willingness to vaccinate. Conclusion This study showed that childhood COVID-19 vaccine only covered half of the population, with parental intentions for childhood COVID-19 vaccination being high, reaching almost two-thirds of the study participants. Factors influencing parental intentions were employment status, parental COVID-19 vaccine status, concerns about COVID-19 and concerns about vaccine side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Santi
- Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Badriul Hegar
- Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zakiudin Munasir
- Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ari Prayitno
- Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Retno Asti Werdhani
- Department of Community Medicine, Cipto Mangunkkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Juandy Jo
- Mochtar Riady Institute for Nanotechnology, Tangerang, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Ruswati Uswa
- Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Widia
- Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yvan Vandenplas
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussel, Belgium
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Bektas İ, Bektas M. The effects of parents' vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19 vaccine literacy on attitudes toward vaccinating their children during the pandemic. J Pediatr Nurs 2023:S0882-5963(23)00105-7. [PMID: 37142496 PMCID: PMC10130325 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was conducted to examine the effects of parents' vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19 vaccine literacy on their attitudes toward vaccinating their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and comparative. The data were collected from 199 parents with children aged 0-18 using a Google Form on social media. In the study, the Parent Introductory Information Form, the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale in Pandemics, and the COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale were used. In the analysis of the data, numbers, percentages, and means were calculated, and the significance test of the difference between the two means and the logistic regression analysis were used. RESULTS Parents' vaccination hesitancy scale sub-dimensions and COVID-19 vaccine literacy scale sub-dimensions together explain 25.4% of their attitudes toward having their children vaccinated against COVID-19. When the variables were examined individually, it was determined that the sub-dimensions of the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale in Pandemics alone significantly affected their attitudes during the pandemic period (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Parents are hesitant about getting their children vaccinated against COVID-19. Improving vaccine literacy can increase vaccination rates in special groups to overcome vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Bektas
- İzmir Bakırçay University, Faculty of Health Science, Nursing Department, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Murat Bektas
- Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Nursing, Inciraltı, Izmir, Turkey
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20
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Abstract
Early in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, before coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were authorized, surveys began tracking public acceptance of a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine. As vaccines became more widely available, the focus shifted from evaluating premeditative thoughts about COVID-19 vaccines to observing behaviors, measuring uptake, and characterizing factors associated with acceptance. A wealth of peer-reviewed literature examining the complexities of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance has emerged, but our understanding of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is constantly evolving. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, with an emphasis on pediatric vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Adrianne Hammershaimb
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Research Facility 1, Research Facility 1, Room 480, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - James D Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Research Facility 1, Research Facility 1, Room 480, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sean T O'Leary
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, F443, 1890 North Revere Court, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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21
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Viskupič F, Wiltse DL. COVID-19 Parental Vaccine Hesitancy Among Nurses in the State of South Dakota. J Community Health 2023; 48:245-251. [PMID: 36370255 PMCID: PMC9652589 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Viskupič
- School of American and Global Studies, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA.
| | - David L Wiltse
- School of American and Global Studies, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA
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22
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Choi IS, Kim EA. [Factors Influencing the COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions in Parents for Their Children Aged 5~11: Korea, April 2022]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:208-221. [PMID: 37164348 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.22096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 vaccination intentions in Korean parents for their children aged 5 to 11 years and the factors influencing them. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey of 363 parents of children aged 5 to 11 years was conducted in Korea in April 2022. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, χ²-test, Fisher's exact test, and hierarchical logistic regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 26.0 and MedCalc software version 20.113. RESULTS Of 363 Korean parents with children aged 5 to 11, 42.4% intended to vaccinate their children. Significant factors influencing vaccination intention were the second or third birth order of children (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.45~8.21), vaccine hesitancy-confidence (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.51~2.65), vaccine hesitancy-collective responsibility (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.10~2.25), and COVID-19 anxiety-avoidance (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.13~2.11). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccine campaigns based on reliable information and evidence from health authorities are needed to increase COVID-19 vaccination. Well-designed health communications for the target population may help to increase parental vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Suk Choi
- Department of Family and Child Welfare·Center for Child and Youth, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Eun A Kim
- Department of Nursing, Honam University, Gwangju, Korea.
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23
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Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Worldwide Estimation of Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine for Their Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030533. [PMID: 36992117 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the best method to well control the spread of COVID-19 without severe mental health problems is to reach herd immunity. Therefore, the vaccination rate of the COVID-19 vaccine is critical. Among the populations, children are the vulnerable ones to get vaccinated; therefore, it is important to assess parents’ and guardians’ willingness to have their children vaccinated. The present systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidence to estimate the parents’ acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccination toward their children. Additionally, factors explaining the acceptance rate were investigated. Four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest) together with Google Scholar were searched, and the references of the included publications were searched as well. Using the PECO-S framework (population, exposure, comparison, outcome, and study design), observational studies of cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control studies were included. The outcome was parents’ or guardians’ willingness to let their children be vaccinated. The studies included in the present review were restricted to English and peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 and July 2022. A total of 98 papers across 69 different countries with 413,590 participants were included. The mean age of the parents was 39.10 (range: 18–70) years and that of their children was 8.45 (range: 0–18) years. The pooled estimated prevalence of parental acceptance to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine was 57% (98 studies, 95% CI: 52–62%, I2: 99.92%, τ2: 0.06). Moreover, data collection time was a significant factor explaining parental willingness in the multivariable meta-regression, with a 13% decrease in parental willingness by each month increase in time, explaining 11.44% of variance. Qualitative synthesis results showed that parents’ COVID-19 vaccine knowledge, trust in theCOVID-19 vaccine, and facilitators in vaccination (e.g., low cost, good vaccine accessibility, and government incentive) were significant factors for higher willingness, while mental health problems (e.g., having worries and psychological distress) were significant factors for lower willingness. Given that the acceptance rate was relatively low (57%) and does not achieve the requirement of herd immunity (i.e., 70%), governments and healthcare authorities should try to elevate parents’ knowledge and trust in the COVID-19 vaccine, facilitate in vaccination, and reduce their mental difficulties to improve the overall vaccination rate among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3415613911, Iran
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3415613911, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, SE-551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
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Wigle J, Hodwitz K, Juando-Prats C, Allan K, Li X, Howard L, Fallon B, Birken CS, Maguire JL, Parsons JA. Parents' perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations for children: a qualitative analysis. CMAJ 2023; 195:E259-E266. [PMID: 36810223 PMCID: PMC9943572 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.221401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uptake of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for children aged 5-11 years has been lower than anticipated in Canada. Although research has explored parental intentions toward SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for children, parental decisions regarding vaccinations have not been studied in-depth. We sought to explore reasons why parents chose to vaccinate or not vaccinate their children against SARS-CoV-2 to better understand their decisions. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study involving in-depth individual interviews with a purposive sample of parents in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. We conducted interviews via telephone or video call from February to April 2022 and analyzed the data using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS We interviewed 20 parents. We found that parental attitudes toward SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations for their children represented a complex continuum of concern. We identified 4 cross-cutting themes: the newness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the evidence supporting their use; the perceived politicization of guidance for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination; the social pressure surrounding SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations; and the weighing of individual versus collective benefits of vaccination. Parents found making a decision about vaccinating their child challenging and expressed difficulty sourcing and evaluating evidence, determining the trustworthiness of guidance, and balancing their own conceptions of health care decisions with societal expectations and political messaging. INTERPRETATION Parents' experiences making decisions regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for their children were complex, even for those who were supportive of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. These findings provide some explanation for the current patterns of uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among children in Canada; health care providers and public health authorities can consider these insights when planning future vaccine rollouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannah Wigle
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Kathryn Hodwitz
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Clara Juando-Prats
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Kate Allan
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Xuedi Li
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Lisa Howard
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Barbara Fallon
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
| | - Janet A Parsons
- Applied Health Research Centre (Wigle, Hodwitz, Juando-Prats, Maguire, Parsons), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Juando-Prats, Howard), University of Toronto; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (Allan, Fallon), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Li, Birken), The Hospital for Sick Children; Departments of Pediatrics (Birken, Maguire) and of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy (Parsons), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
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Savitsky B, Shvartsur R, Kagan I. Israeli parents` views on coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccinations for children: A cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 68:79-86. [PMID: 36270927 PMCID: PMC9579057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play the decisive role in children's vaccination. Our study aimed as assessing attitudes of parents toward the COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5-18 and to define sources of influence on these attitudes, the barriers and reasons for hesitation. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 138 Israeli parents of 5-18 aged children completed a self-administered structured questionnaire. FINDINGS More than a quarter of parents reported that they did not intend to vaccinate their children. Independent of other demographic characteristics, parents who do not vaccinate their children accordingly to the routine vaccinations have five-fold significant odds not to vaccinate with COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.8-12.7). Greater social influence was significantly and negatively associated with intentions not to vaccinate a child. Among parents who do not intend to vaccinate their children, the most frequent reasons were fear of possible side effects (92%), vaccine novelty (92%) and lack of belief in its effectiveness (69%). DISCUSSION This study found that vaccination in the past as part of routine government immunization programs predict a tendency to vaccinate children during the pandemic. Among the factors associated with the intention not to vaccinate, concerns and uncertainty about the necessity of the vaccine, its side effects and reliability have been emphasized. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Cultural-religious adjustments should be applied when implementing interventions aiming to promote vaccination in routines and emergencies. Social influence is important in adopting a positive attitude toward vaccines. Public health professionals should incorporate those parents who have vaccinated their children and have a positive attitude toward vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella Savitsky
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Yitshak Ben Zvi 12, Israel.
| | - Rachel Shvartsur
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Yitshak Ben Zvi 12, Israel
| | - Ilya Kagan
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Yitshak Ben Zvi 12, Israel
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Maneesriwongul W, Butsing N, Deesamer S. Parental Hesitancy on COVID-19 Vaccination for Children Under Five Years in Thailand: Role of Attitudes and Vaccine Literacy. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:615-628. [PMID: 36926219 PMCID: PMC10012909 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s399414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Global vaccination efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic may be impeded by vaccine hesitancy. Attitudes and vaccine literacy are important factors that reduce vaccine hesitancy. The role of attitudes and vaccine literacy of parents on COVID-19 vaccine intention for their children under five years was unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess parents' characteristics, vaccine literacy, attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine, and vaccine intention/hesitancy and to determine factors influencing parents' vaccine intention for their children under five years of age. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire before the authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine for very young children in Thailand. The sample consisted of 455 parents with children under five years old. The online questionnaire included parents' sociodemographic data, vaccine literacy, attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine, and vaccine intention to get their children vaccinated. RESULTS About 98% of the parents received their COVID-19 vaccination, whereas only 45.1% reported they would have their children under five years old get vaccinated. About 54.9% were either not sure or refused their child's COVID-19 vaccination. A multiple logistic regression model identified factors that increased the odds of parents' vaccine intention: parents aged > 35 years, attitudes on safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine for children, advice about the COVID-19 vaccines from healthcare personnel, and the belief that COVID-19 vaccine is helpful for their children. Attitudes that COVID-19 vaccination in children could be fatal decreased parents' vaccine intention. Need for more information about the COVID-19 vaccine for children and concern about the vaccine's side effects were the most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy and refusal. CONCLUSION Parents should be provided with accurate information from healthcare personnel and media sources about the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine for young children under five years of age to overcome their hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantana Maneesriwongul
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nipaporn Butsing
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Correspondence: Nipaporn Butsing, Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Thung Phaya Thai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand, Email
| | - Suhong Deesamer
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Cénat JM, Noorishad P, Moshirian Farahi SMM, Darius WP, Mesbahi El Aouame A, Onesi O, Broussard C, Furyk SE, Yaya S, Caulley L, Chomienne M, Etowa J, Labelle PR. Prevalence and factors related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and unwillingness in Canada: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28156. [PMID: 36114154 PMCID: PMC9538578 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and vaccine unwillingness in Canada. Eleven databases were searched in March 2022. The pooled prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy and unwillingness was estimated. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed. Out of 667 studies screened, 86 full-text articles were reviewed, and 30 were included in the systematic review. Twenty-four articles were included in the meta-analysis; 12 for the pooled prevalence of vaccine hesitancy (42.3% [95% CI, 33.7%-51.0%]) and 12 for vaccine unwillingness (20.1% [95% CI, 15.2%-24.9%]). Vaccine hesitancy was higher in females (18.3% [95% CI, 12.4%-24.2%]) than males (13.9% [95% CI, 9.0%-18.8%]), and in rural (16.3% [95% CI, 12.9%-19.7%]) versus urban areas (14.1% [95%CI, 9.9%-18.3%]). Vaccine unwillingness was higher in females (19.9% [95% CI, 11.0%-24.8%]) compared with males (13.6% [95% CI, 8.0%-19.2%]), non-White individuals (21.7% [95% CI, 16.2%-27.3%]) than White individuals (14.8% [95% CI, 11.0%-18.5%]), and secondary or less (24.2% [95% CI, 18.8%-29.6%]) versus postsecondary education (15.9% [95% CI, 11.6%-20.2%]). Factors related to racial disparities, gender, education level, and age are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Mary Cénat
- School of PsychologyUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Black HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- University of Ottawa Research Chair on Black HealthUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivia Onesi
- School of PsychologyUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global StudiesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Lisa Caulley
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Black HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Marie‐Hélène Chomienne
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Black HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Institut du Savoir MontfortHôpital MontfortOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Josephine Etowa
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Black HealthUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
- School of NursingUniversity of OttawaOntarioCanada
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Capurro G, Tustin J, Jardine CG, Driedger SM. When good messages go wrong: Perspectives on COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine communication from generally vaccine accepting individuals in Canada. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2145822. [PMID: 36452995 PMCID: PMC9762838 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2145822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most important and successful public health interventions to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. However, unlike childhood diseases and routine vaccines, COVID-19 is a novel threat, and COVID-19 vaccines may elicit specific anxieties. Through focus groups, we examine the concerns and attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine expressed by individuals who accept routine vaccinations in Canada. We also conducted a pre-focus group survey to document participant attitudes towards vaccines in general. While most participants had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine or had the intention to get it, many had concerns. First, participants felt anxious about the quick development and approval of the vaccines, even if they recognized that the vaccines have undergone clinical trials. Second, participants felt confused about shifting public health guidelines regarding vaccine safety, changing the interval between doses, and mixing different vaccine brands. Finally, participants said they felt abandoned when deciding whether to get vaccinated or not. People who generally accept vaccines expressed concerns about COVID-19 vaccines, mostly related to the inevitable uncertainties of a new vaccine (i.e. novelty, safety, mandates, etc.). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, understood as concerns about the novelty of a vaccine and the rapid implementation of it, could be useful for understanding questioning attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines from people who accept routine vaccinations. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy can also provide valuable insights as booster doses are periodically needed and people may not be as accepting of these additional doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Capurro
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jordan Tustin
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cindy G. Jardine
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, Canada
| | - S. Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada,CONTACT S. Michelle Driedger Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, S113-750 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada
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29
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Omale UI, Iyare O, Ewah RL, Amuzie CI, Oka OU, Uduma VU, Adeke AS, Ikegwuonu CO, Nnachi OO, Ukpabi OO, Okeke IM, Nkwo GE, Nwali UI. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among community members and health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: study protocol for a concurrent-independent mixed method analyses of intention to receive, timeliness of the intention to receive, uptake and hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination and the determinants. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061732. [PMID: 36521883 PMCID: PMC9755909 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely affected the lives and economies of the global population including Nigeria. The attainment of herd immunity through mass COVID-19 vaccination is the foremost control strategy, however, the deployments of COVID-19 vaccinations are facing challenges of non-acceptance. Despite the efforts of the Nigerian government and COVAX facility in making COVID-19 vaccination more available/accessible, the vaccination rate remains unexpectedly very low in Nigeria/Ebonyi state. Therefore, it is important to investigate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination to elucidate the explanations for the very low coverage rate. This study aims to evaluate/explore COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and the determinants among community members and health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. METHODS AND ANALYSES The study is an analytical cross-sectional survey with a concurrent-independent mixed method design. Quantitative data will be collected from all consenting/assenting community members aged 15 years and above, in 28 randomly selected geographical clusters, through structured interviewer-administered questionnaire household survey using KoBoCollect installed in android devices. Quantitative data will be collected from all consenting health workers, selected via convenience and snowball techniques, through structured self-administered questionnaire survey distributed via WhatsApp and interviewer-administered survey using KoBoCollect installed in android devices. Qualitative data will be collected from purposively selected community members and health workers through focus group discussions. Quantitative analyses will involve descriptive statistics, generalised estimating equations (for community members data) and generalised linear model (for health workers data). Qualitative analyses will employ the thematic approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ebonyi State Health Research and Ethics Committee (EBSHREC/15/01/2022-02/01/2023) and Research and Ethics Committee of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (14/12/2021-17/02/2022), and verbal consent will be obtained from participants. Study findings will be reported at local, national and international levels as appropriate. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN16735844.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugwu I Omale
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Osarhiemen Iyare
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Richard L Ewah
- Department of Anaesthesia, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
- Anaesthesia Unit, Department of Surgery, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Chidinma I Amuzie
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Onyinyechukwu U Oka
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Victor U Uduma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Azuka S Adeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Cordis O Ikegwuonu
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Olaedo O Nnachi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu O Ukpabi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ifeyinwa M Okeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Glory E Nkwo
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Ugochi Ia Nwali
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Lee M, Seo S, Choi S, Park JH, Kim S, Choe YJ, Choi EH, Kwon GY, Shin JY, Choi SY, Jeong MJ, Lee H, You M. Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination for Children and Its Association With Information Sufficiency and Credibility in South Korea. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2246624. [PMID: 36515950 PMCID: PMC9856328 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.46624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Vaccination against COVID-19 is an effective method for individuals to reduce negative health outcomes. However, widespread COVID-19 vaccination among children has been challenging owing to parental hesitancy. OBJECTIVE To examine parental decision-making in favor of the COVID-19 vaccine for their children and its association with the sufficiency and credibility of the information about the vaccine. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in South Korea from February 7 to 10, 2022, 7 weeks before initiation of the COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5 to 11 years. Parents were included if they spoke Korean and had at least 1 child in elementary school (grades 1-6). Parents and children were included in a 1:1 ratio; a total of 113 450 parents and 113 450 children were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis was performed between March and April 2022. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomes of interest were (1) parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children and (2) its association with self-reported sufficiency and credibility of information about the vaccine. A multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with parental decision-making in favor of COVID-19 vaccination; path analysis was used to examine indirect effects of information sufficiency and credibility. RESULTS Of the 113 450 children, 58 342 (51.4%) were boys, and the mean (SD) age was 10.1 (1.5) years. Of the 113 450 parents who responded, 7379 (6.5%) were accepting vaccination for their children; 15 731 (13.9%) reported the vaccine-related information they received was sufficient, and 23 021 (20.3%) reported the information was credible. Parents who reported that the information was sufficient were 3.08 times (95% CI, 2.85-3.33; P < .001) more likely to report being willing to vaccinate their children than those who believed the information was insufficient, and those who reported that the information was credible were 7.55 times (95% CI, 6.46-8.87; P < .001) more likely to report being willing to vaccinate their children than those who believed the information was not credible. Higher levels of information sufficiency and credibility were associated with perceptions of increased vaccine safety (sufficiency: β = 0.08; P < .001; credibility: β = 0.59; P < .001) and effectiveness (sufficiency: β = 0.05; P < .001; credibility: β = 0.60; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, a significant association was found between self-reported sufficiency and credibility of vaccine-related information and parental decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination for their children, suggesting that communications and policies that provide sound information are essential to improve vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Office of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Seo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Syngjoo Choi
- Department of Economics, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Economics, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinkyeong Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young June Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Yong Kwon
- Division of Immunization, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Yeon Shin
- Division of Immunization, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Choi
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Jeong
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungsoon You
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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31
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Morozov NG, Dror AA, Daoud A, Eisenbach N, Kaykov E, Barhoum M, Sheleg T, Sela E, Edelstein M. Reasons underlying the intention to vaccinate children aged 5-11 against COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of parents in Israel, November 2021. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2112879. [PMID: 36037533 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2112879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is a key tool to mitigate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Israel, COVID-19 vaccines became available to adults in December 2020 and to 5-11-year-old children in November 2021. Ahead of the vaccine roll-out in children, we aimed to determine whether surveyed parents intended to vaccinate their children and describe reasons for their intentions. We collected information on parental socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccine history, intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, and reasons for parental decisions using an anonymous online survey. We identified associations between parental characteristics and plans to vaccinate children using a logistic regression model and described reasons for intentions to vaccinate or not. Parental non-vaccination and having experienced major vaccination side effects were strongly associated with non-intention to vaccinate their children (OR 0.09 and 0.18 respectively, p < .001). Parents who were younger, lived in the socio-economically deprived periphery, and belonged to the Arab population had lower intentions to vaccinate their children. Reasons for non-intention to vaccinate included concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy (53%, 95%CI 50-56) and the belief that COVID-19 is a mild disease (73%, 95%CI 73-79), while a frequent motive for vaccination was the return to normal social and educational life (89%, 95%CI 87-91). Understanding rationales for COVID-19 vaccine rejection or acceptance, as well as parental demographic data, can pave the way for intentional educational campaigns to encourage not only vaccination against COVID-19, but also regular childhood vaccine programming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amiel A Dror
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Amani Daoud
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Netanel Eisenbach
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Edward Kaykov
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Masad Barhoum
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Tsvi Sheleg
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Eyal Sela
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariyah, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Al-Qerem W, Al Bawab AQ, Hammad A, Jaber T, Khdair SI, Kalloush H, Ling J, Mosleh R. Parents' attitudes, knowledge and practice towards vaccinating their children against COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2044257. [PMID: 35240943 PMCID: PMC9225601 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2044257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The question of whether children should be vaccinated against COVID-19 is currently being argued. The risk-benefit analysis of the vaccine in children has been more challenging because of the low prevalence of acute COVID-19 in children and the lack of confidence in the relative effects of the vaccine and the disease. One of the most convincing arguments for vaccinating healthy children is to protect them from long-term consequences. The aim of this study was to assess Jordanian parents' intention to vaccinate their children. This is an Internet-based cross-sectional survey. The researchers prepared a Google Forms survey and shared the link with a number of Jordanian Facebook generic groups. Data were gathered between September and November 2021. In this study, convenience sampling was used. Knowledge about COVID-19 and preventive practices against COVID-19 were calculated for each participant. A total of 819 participants completed the survey (female = 70.9%). Of these, 274 (30.2%) participants intended to vaccinate their children, whereas the rest were either unsure 176 (21.5%) or intended not to vaccinate their children 396 (48.4%). The variables that increased the odds of answering "No" vs "Yes" to "will you vaccinate your children against COVID-19" included not willing to take the vaccines themselves (OR 3.75; CI, 1.46-9.62) and low protective practice group (OR 1.73;CI, 1.12-2.68). Participants had significant levels of refusal/hesitancy. Several barriers to vaccination were identified; attempts to overcome these should be stepped up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Al-Qerem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Alaa Hammad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tasneem Jaber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sawsan I Khdair
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haneen Kalloush
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jonathan Ling
- School of Health Sciences & Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Rami Mosleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Aylsworth L, Manca T, Dubé È, Labbé F, Driedger SM, Benzies K, MacDonald N, Graham J, MacDonald SE. A qualitative investigation of facilitators and barriers to accessing COVID-19 vaccines among Racialized and Indigenous Peoples in Canada. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2129827. [PMID: 36218335 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2129827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and systemic inequalities can contribute to susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and limited access to vaccines. Recognizing that Racialized and Indigenous Peoples may experience unique barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, this study explored early COVID-19 vaccine accessibility, including barriers and potential solutions to vaccine access, for these communities in Canada. We conducted semi-structured interviews about challenges to accessing COVID-19 vaccination with Racialized and Indigenous Peoples, including linguistic minorities and newcomers, in Spring 2021, just as COVID-19 vaccines were becoming more widely available in Canada. Participants were purposely selected from respondents to a Canadian national online survey. Three researchers analyzed the interviews for emergent themes using a descriptive content analysis approach in NVivo. At the time of the interview, interview participants (N = 27) intended to receive (n = 15) or had received (n = 11) at least one vaccine dose, or did not state their status (n = 1). Participants described multiple barriers to COVID-19 vaccination that they personally experienced and/or anticipated they or others could experience - including technology requirements, language barriers, lack of identification documentation, and travel challenges - as well as related solutions. These were organized into three broad categories: 1) COVID-19 disease and vaccination information, 2) vaccination booking procedures, and 3) vaccination sites. These structural and systemic barriers during the initial months of vaccine rollout substantially restricted participants' COVID-19 vaccination access, even when they were eager to get vaccinated, and should be addressed early in vaccine rollouts to facilitate optimal uptake for everyone everywhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Aylsworth
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Terra Manca
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ève Dubé
- Direction des risques biologiques et de la Santé au travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabienne Labbé
- Direction des risques biologiques et de la Santé au travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Karen Benzies
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Departments of Paediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noni MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Janice Graham
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Technoscience & Regulation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Shannon E MacDonald
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Dubé E, Labbé F, Malo B, Manca T, Aylsworth L, Driedger SM, Graham J, Greyson D, MacDonald N, Meyer SB, Parsons Leigh J, Sadarangani M, Wilson S, MacDonald SE. " I don't think there's a point for me to discuss it with my patients": exploring health care providers' views and behaviours regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2088970. [PMID: 35767434 PMCID: PMC9621068 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2088970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers' knowledge and attitudes about vaccines are important determinants of their own vaccine uptake, their intention to recommend vaccines, and their patients' vaccine uptake. This qualitative study' objective was to better understand health care providers' vaccination decisions, their views on barriers to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and proposed solutions, their opinions on vaccine policies, and their perceived role in discussing COVID-19 vaccination with patients. METHODS Semi-structured interviews on perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines were conducted with Canadian health care providers (N = 14) in spring 2021. A qualitative thematic analysis using NVivo was conducted. RESULTS Participants had positive attitudes toward vaccination and were vaccinated against COVID-19 or intended to do so once eligible (two delayed their first dose). Only two were actively promoting COVID-19 vaccination to their patients; others either avoided discussing the topic or only provided answers when asked questions. Participants' proposed solutions to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the public were in relation to access to vaccination services, information in multiple languages, and community outreach. Most participants were in favor of mandatory vaccination policies and had mixed views on the potential impact of the Canadian vaccine-injury support program. CONCLUSIONS While health care providers are recognized as a key source of information regarding vaccines, participants in our study did not consider it their role to provide advice on COVID-19 vaccination. This is a missed opportunity that could be avoided by ensuring health care providers have the tools and training to feel confident in engaging in vaccine discussions with their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Dubé
- Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
- Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Fabienne Labbé
- Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Malo
- Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Terra Manca
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Laura Aylsworth
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S. Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Janice Graham
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Noni MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Samantha B. Meyer
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Wilson
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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"They're trying to bribe you and taking away your freedoms": COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in communities with traditionally low vaccination rates. Vaccine 2022; 40:7280-7287. [PMID: 36334965 PMCID: PMC9618440 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is an essential public health intervention to control the COVID-19 pandemic. A minority of Canadians, however, remain hesitant about COVID-19 vaccines, while others outright refuse them. We conducted focus groups to gauge perceptions and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in people who live in a region with historically low rates of childhood vaccination. Participants discussed their perception of COVID-19 vaccines and their intention to get vaccinated, and the low rate of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Manitoba's Southern Health Region compared to other regions in Canada. We identified three drivers of vaccine hesitancy: (1) risk perceptions about COVID-19 and the vaccines developed to protect against it, (2) religious and conservative views; and (3) distrust in government and science. Participant proposed recommendations for improving communication and uptake of the COVID-19 vaccines included: public health messages emphasising the benefits of vaccination; addressing the community's specific concerns and dispelling misinformation; highlighting vaccine safety; and emphasising vaccination as a desirable behaviour from a religious perspective. Understanding the specific anxieties elicited by COVID-19 vaccines in areas with low childhood immunization rates can inform risk communication strategies tailored to increase vaccination in these specific regions. This study adds important information on potential reasons for vaccine hesitancy in areas with historically low rates of childhood vaccination, and provides important lessons learned for future emergencies in terms of vaccine hesitancy drivers and effective risk communication to increase vaccine uptake.
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36
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Khan YH, Rasheed M, Mallhi TH, Salman M, Alzarea AI, Alanazi AS, Alotaibi NH, Khan SUD, Alatawi AD, Butt MH, Alzarea SI, Alharbi KS, Alharthi SS, Algarni MA, Alahmari AK, Almalki ZS, Iqbal MS. Barriers and facilitators of childhood COVID-19 vaccination among parents: A systematic review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:950406. [PMID: 36507133 PMCID: PMC9731120 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.950406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 among parents of young children plays a significant role in controlling the current pandemic. A wide range of factors that influence vaccine hesitancy in adults has been reported worldwide, but less attention has been given to COVID-19 vaccination among children. Vaccine hesitancy is considered a major challenge in achieving herd immunity, and it is more challenging among parents as they remain deeply concerned about their child's health. In this context, a systematic review of the current literature is inevitable to assess vaccine hesitancy among parents of young children to ensure a successful ongoing vaccination program. Method A systematic search of peer-reviewed English literature indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of science was performed using developed keywords between 1 January 2020 and August 2022. This systematic review included only those studies that focused on parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccines in children up to 12 years without a diagnosis of COVID-19. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of 108 studies were included. The quality appraisal of the study was performed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results The results of 108 studies depict that vaccine hesitancy rates differed globally with a considerably large number of factors associated with it. The highest vaccine hesitancy rates among parents were reported in a study from the USA (86.1%) and two studies from Saudi Arabia (>85%) and Turkey (89.6%). Conversely, the lowest vaccine hesitancy rates ranging from 0.69 and 2% were found in two studies from South Africa and Switzerland, respectively. The largest study (n = 227,740) was conducted in Switzerland while the smallest sample size (n = 12) was represented by a study conducted in the USA. The most commonly reported barriers to childhood vaccination were mothers' lower education level (N = 46/108, 43%), followed by financial instability (N = 19/108, 18%), low confidence in new vaccines (N = 13/108, 12%), and unmonitored social media platforms (N = 5/108, 4.6%). These factors were significantly associated with vaccine refusal among parents. However, the potential facilitators for vaccine uptake among respondents who intended to have their children vaccinated include higher education level (N = 12/108, 11%), followed by information obtained through healthcare professionals (N = 9/108, 8.3%) and strong confidence in preventive measures taken by the government (N = 5/81, 4.6%). Conclusion This review underscores that parents around the globe are hesitant to vaccinate their kids against COVID-19. The spectrum of factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and uptake varies across the globe. There is a dire need to address vaccine hesitancy concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of approved vaccines. Local context is inevitable to take into account while developing programs to reduce vaccine hesitancy. There is a dire need to devise strategies to address vaccine hesitancy among parents through the identification of attributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusra Habib Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Rasheed
- Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Salman
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Salah Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Hadal Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed D. Alatawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Hammad Butt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majed Ahmed Algarni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah K. Alahmari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Saeed Almalki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Manca T, Humble RM, Aylsworth L, Cha E, Wilson SE, Meyer SB, Greyson D, Sadarangani M, Parsons Leigh J, MacDonald SE. "We need to protect each other": COVID-19 vaccination intentions and concerns among Racialized minority and Indigenous Peoples in Canada. Soc Sci Med 2022; 313:115400. [PMID: 36206660 PMCID: PMC9519366 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
People may choose to receive vaccines in response to pressures that outweigh any concerns that they have. We explored Racialized minority and Indigenous Peoples' motivations for, perceptions of choice in, and concerns about, COVID-19 vaccination. We used a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach, including a national survey administered around the time vaccines were first authorized (Dec 2020) followed by qualitative interviews when vaccines were becoming more readily available to adults (May-June 2021). We analyzed survey data using descriptive statistics and interviews using critical feminist methodologies. Survey respondents self-identified as a Racialized minority (n = 1488) or Indigenous (n = 342), of which 71.4% and 64.6%, respectively, intended to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Quantitative results indicated perceptions of COVID-19 disease were associated with vaccination intention. For instance, intention was associated with agreement that COVID-19 disease is severe, risk of becoming sick is great, COVID-19 vaccination is necessary, and vaccines available in Canada will be safe (p < 0.001). COVID-19 vaccines were in short supply in Canada when we subsequently completed qualitative interviews with a subset of Racialized minority (n = 17) and Indigenous (n = 10) survey respondents. We coded interview transcripts around three emergent themes relating to governmentality and cultural approaches to intersectional risk theories: feelings of collective responsibility, choice as privilege, and remaining uncertainties about COVID-19 vaccines. For example, some mentioned the responsibility and privilege to receive a vaccine earlier than those living outside of Canada. Some felt constraints on their freedom to choose to receive or refuse a vaccine from intersecting oppressions or their health status. Although all participants intended to get vaccinated, many mentioned uncertainties about the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination. Survey respondents and interview participants demonstrated nuanced associations of vaccine acceptance and hesitancy shaped by perspectives of vaccine-related risks, symbolic associations of vaccines with hope, and intersecting social privileges and inequities (including racialization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Terra Manca
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada,Corresponding author
| | | | | | - Eunah Cha
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah E. Wilson
- Public Health Ontario, ICES, Canada,Dalla School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Samantha B. Meyer
- School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada,Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Shannon E. MacDonald
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada,School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Canada
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Iannello P, Colautti L, Magenes S, Antonietti A, Cancer A. Black-and-white thinking and conspiracy beliefs prevent parents from vaccinating their children against COVID-19. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 36:ACP3999. [PMID: 36250193 PMCID: PMC9537936 DOI: 10.1002/acp.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding predictors of parents' willingness to vaccinate their children appears fundamental to promote vaccine acceptability, especially in a pandemic scenario. The present study aimed to investigate the role of conspiracy beliefs and absolutist thinking in parental attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine, and the predictive role of parents' individual differences on decisions against children's vaccination. An online survey was administered to 415 parents of children aged 5-11, at the very beginning of the vaccination targeting this population in Italy. Results showed that absolutism predicted the tendency to believe in conspiracies, associated with a negative attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine administration to children. Moreover, mothers were less willing to vaccinate children and parents of children aged 5-7 were more hesitant, or even against vaccination, than parents of older children. Finally, the worry about consequences of COVID-19 infection on children's health facilitated vaccine adherence. These findings contribute to deepening mechanisms regarding the vaccine acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Magenes
- Catholic University of the Sacred HeartMilanItaly
- Fraternità e Amicizia Società Cooperativa Sociale ONLUSMilanItaly
| | | | - Alice Cancer
- Catholic University of the Sacred HeartMilanItaly
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Reifferscheid L, Lee JSW, MacDonald NE, Sadarangani M, Assi A, Lemaire-Paquette S, MacDonald SE. Transition to endemic: acceptance of additional COVID-19 vaccine doses among Canadian adults in a national cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1745. [PMID: 36104675 PMCID: PMC9473459 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Additional doses of COVID-19 vaccine have been proposed as solutions to waning immunity and decreased effectiveness of primary doses against infection with new SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the effectiveness of additional vaccine doses relies on widespread population acceptance. We aimed to assess the acceptance of additional COVID-19 vaccine doses (third and annual doses) among Canadian adults and determine associated factors. Methods We conducted a national, cross-sectional online survey among Canadian adults from October 14 to November 12, 2021. Weighted multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with third and annual dose acceptance and indecision, compared to refusal. We also assessed influences on vaccine decision-making, and preferences for future vaccine delivery. Results Of 6010 respondents, 70% reported they would accept a third dose, while 15.2% were undecided. For annual doses, 64% reported acceptance, while 17.5% were undecided. Factors associated with third dose acceptance and indecision were similar to those associated with annual dose acceptance and indecision. Previous COVID-19 vaccine receipt, no history of COVID-19 disease, intention to receive an influenza vaccine, and increasing age were strongly associated with both acceptance and indecision. Chronic illness was associated with higher odds of acceptance, while self-reported disability was associated with higher odds of being undecided. Higher education attainment and higher income were associated with higher odds of accepting additional doses. Minority first language was associated with being undecided about additional doses, while visible minority identity was associated with being undecided about a third dose and refusing an annual dose. All respondents reported government recommendations were an important influence on their decision-making and identified pharmacy-based delivery and drop-in appointments as desirable. Co-administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines was viewed positively by 75.5% of the dose 3 acceptance group, 12.3% of the undecided group, and 8.4% of the refusal group. Conclusions To increase acceptance, targeted interventions among visible minority and minority language populations, and those with a disability, are required. Offering vaccination at pharmacies and through drop-in appointments are important to facilitate uptake, while offering COVID-19/influenza vaccine co-administration may have little benefit among those undecided about additional doses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14025-8.
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AlKetbi LMB, Al Hosani F, Al Memari S, Al Mazrouei S, Al Shehhi B, AlShamsi N, AlKwuiti MM, Saleheen HN, Al Mutairi H, Al Hajeri OM. Parents' views on the acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine for their children: A cross-sectional study in Abu Dhabi-United Arab Emirates. Vaccine 2022; 40:5562-5568. [PMID: 35987873 PMCID: PMC9376339 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Arab Emirates had approved the COVID-19 vaccine for children. Assessing parents' acceptance of the vaccine for their children will influence decision-making in the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. METHOD Parents registered inthe AbuDhabiDepartmentofEducation (12,000 families) were invitedtocompleteanonlinequestionnaire from 8th September 2021 to 17th October 2021. Out of the 12,000 families, 2510 (21%) participants answered the survey. The questionnaire investigated the parents' attitudes and beliefs regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS The vaccination rate among this group of respondents was high, with 2255 (89.9%) having received two doses and 1002 (45.5%) having already received a booster dose. Acceptance of the respondents to vaccinate their children was high, (75.1%) said they would vaccinate their children, with 64.4% reporting that they would immediately vaccinate their children if the vaccine were made available. Determinants of COVID-19 child vaccination acceptance included the respondent's vaccination status-i.e., if the respondent is already vaccinated (OR 4.96 [2.89-8.53]) or has taken the third dose (OR 2.37 [1.4-4.01])-their children's age (OR 1.11 [1.30-1.18] for older children), and their trust in the following information sources: the government (OR 2.53 [1.61-3.98]), health care providers (OR 1.98 [1.2-3.24]), or social media (OR 2.17 [1.22-3.88]). Increased level of education had a negative impact on the acceptance of giving the vaccine to children (OR 0.63 [0.52-0.77]); fear of side effects OR 0.000164 (0.000039-0.001) was another determinant. The main factor that encouraged parents to give their children the vaccine was to protect their child's health as reported by 1537 (55.5%) participants. CONCLUSION The Abu Dhabi community is highly accepting of the vaccine for their children. Future studies of how this vaccine acceptance can influence the pandemic are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farida Al Hosani
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Communicable Disease Sector, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Shammah Al Memari
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Health Promotion Department, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Shereena Al Mazrouei
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Communicable Disease Sector, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Badreyya Al Shehhi
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Communicable Disease Sector, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Noura AlShamsi
- Academic Affairs Department, Ambulatory Healthcare Services, Abu Dhabi Healthcare Services, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mariam M AlKwuiti
- Academic Affairs Department, Ambulatory Healthcare Services, Abu Dhabi Healthcare Services, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hassan Nazmus Saleheen
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Communicable Disease Sector, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hanan Al Mutairi
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Communicable Disease Sector, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Dube E, MacDonald SE, Manca T, Bettinger JA, Driedger SM, Graham J, Greyson D, MacDonald NE, Meyer S, Roch G, Vivion M, Aylsworth L, Witteman H, Gélinas-Gascon F, Marques Sathler Guimaraes L, Hakim H, Gagnon D, Béchard B, Gramaccia JA, Khoury R, Tremblay S. Understanding the influence of online information, misinformation, disinformation and reinformation on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: Protocol for a multicomponent study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e41012. [PMID: 36191171 PMCID: PMC9578524 DOI: 10.2196/41012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has generated an explosion in the amount of information shared on the internet, including false and misleading information on SARS-CoV-2 and recommended protective behaviors. Prior to the pandemic, web-based misinformation and disinformation were already identified as having an impact on people’s decision to refuse or delay recommended vaccination for themselves or their children. Objective The overall aims of our study are to better understand the influence of web-based misinformation and disinformation on COVID-19 vaccine decisions and investigate potential solutions to reduce the impact of web-based misinformation and disinformation about vaccines. Methods Based on different research approaches, the study will involve (1) the use of artificial intelligence techniques, (2) a web-based survey, (3) interviews, and (4) a scoping review and an environmental scan of the literature. Results As of September 1, 2022, data collection has been completed for all objectives. The analysis is being conducted, and results should be disseminated in the upcoming months. Conclusions The findings from this study will help with understanding the underlying determinants of vaccine hesitancy among Canadian individuals and identifying effective, tailored interventions to improve vaccine acceptance among them. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41012
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Dube
- Anthropology Department, Laval University, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030 Avenue des Sciences humaines, Quebec, CA
| | | | - Terra Manca
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CA
| | - Julie A Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CA
| | - S Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CA
| | - Janice Graham
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, CA
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CA
| | | | - Samantha Meyer
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CA
| | | | - Maryline Vivion
- Department of Social and Preventive medicine, Laval University, Quebec, CA
| | | | - Holly Witteman
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, CA
| | - Félix Gélinas-Gascon
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, CA
| | | | - Hina Hakim
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, CA
| | - Dominique Gagnon
- Department of Biohazard, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Québec, CA
| | | | | | - Richard Khoury
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, CA
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Hou Z, Song K, Wang Q, Zang S, Tu S, Chantler T, Larson HJ. Childhood COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and preference from caregivers and healthcare workers in China: A survey experiment. Prev Med 2022; 161:107138. [PMID: 35809825 PMCID: PMC9259187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With approval of more COVID-19 vaccines for children, vaccine attributes may influence parental acceptance and choices. We aimed to assess effects of vaccine attributes and information on herd immunity on childhood COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. A survey experiment was conducted with caregivers of children aged 6 months to 11 years old and health care workers (HCWs) in China from September 14 to November 18, 2021. Respondents were randomly assigned to receive differing information on herd immunity (> 80% of the entire population must be vaccinated; or no information). Respondents then completed eight discrete choice tasks to assess vaccine acceptance based on attributes. 2331 (90.07%) of 2588 surveyed caregivers and 1576 (92.71%) of 1700 surveyed HCWs would accept COVID-19 vaccination for children, respectively. High Odds Ratios (OR) were found for acceptance of a vaccine with 90% over 50% efficacy (OR 6.70 [95% CI 6.11-7.35] for caregivers; 11.44 [10.12-12.95] for HCWs); and risk of adverse reactions to be 1 over 10 in 10,000 (3.96 [3.72-4.22] for caregivers; 2.98 [2.76-3.22] for HCWs). To achieve herd immunity target (> 80% vaccination coverage), vaccine efficacy should reach over 70% and risk of adverse reactions lower than 1 in 10,000. Knowledge on herd immunity target increased the odds of vaccine acceptance (1.82 [1.34-2.46] for caregivers; 2.42 [1.58-3.72] for HCWs). Childhood COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was high in China, independent of child's age, and depended on vaccine attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Hou
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kuimeng Song
- School of Health Care Security, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Zang
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Tu
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tracey Chantler
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Heidi J Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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43
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Parents' perceptions on COVID-19 vaccination as the new routine for their children ≤ 11 years old. Prev Med 2022; 161:107125. [PMID: 35792197 PMCID: PMC9250244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Canadian children 5-11 years old became eligible for COVID-19 vaccination on November 19, 2021, with eligibility for younger children expected later. We aimed to descriptively assess parents' COVID-19 vaccine intentions and acceptability of future doses, including co-administration and annual vaccination for their children. We conducted a cross-sectional Canadian online survey of parents from October 14-November 12, 2021, just prior to authorization of the pediatric formulation of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5-11 years. We assessed parents' intention to vaccinate their children aged 5-11 years, 2-4 years, and 6-23 months; reasons for their intention; and preferences for delivery and access to vaccines. Of 1129 parents, 56% intended to vaccinate their child aged 5-11 years against COVID-19; intentions were lower for children aged 6-23 months (41.9%) and 2-4 years (45.4%). Most parents who intended to vaccinate supported co-administration with routine (61.1%) or influenza (55.4%) vaccines, administration at school (63.6%), receipt of booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine (57.8%), and annual vaccination (56.4%) for their child. Despite parents' high COVID-19 vaccination uptake for themselves (88.8%), intentions for children aged 5-11 years was low. Currently, 56.9% of Canadian children aged 5-11 years have received one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and only 37.1% are fully vaccinated. Given that intentions for children <5 years was lower than those 5-11 years, we can also expect low uptake in this group. Parents' preferences regarding delivery and access to COVID-19 vaccination should be considered by public health officials when planning vaccination strategies for children.
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Al-Iede M, Foudeh J, Al-Shweiki O, Alshrouf MA, Al-Abdallat T, Aleidi SM, Alqutawneh B. Parents' Willingness to Vaccinate Their Children Against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey From Jordan. Asia Pac J Public Health 2022; 34:698-701. [PMID: 35833247 DOI: 10.1177/10105395221112581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montaha Al-Iede
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jude Foudeh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omaymah Al-Shweiki
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Shereen M Aleidi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Basim Alqutawneh
- Department of Radiology, Blacktown and Mount-Druitt Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Lecce M, Milani GP, Agostoni C, D'Auria E, Banderali G, Biganzoli G, Castellazzi L, Paramithiotti C, Salvatici E, Tommasi P, Zuccotti GV, Marchisio P, Castaldi S. Caregivers' Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Under 12 Years of Age Against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Center Study in Milan, Italy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:834363. [PMID: 35712618 PMCID: PMC9196897 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.834363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the pediatric population is increasingly recognized. A widespread vaccination in childhood would provide benefits for children and might help ending the pandemic by enhancing community protection. Following recent approval by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) of Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) for children aged 5-11 years, we aimed to investigate caregivers' intention to vaccinate their children <12 years of age against COVID-19. A structured questionnaire was administered to caregivers of children aged <12 years visiting the Emergency Department or the outpatient clinics in three major hospitals of Milan, Italy, from 20 September to 17 October 2021. A total of 612 caregivers were invited to participate and 604 accepted (response rate >98%). Three questionnaires were excluded due to compiling errors and 601 were included in the analysis. A total of 311 (51.7%) caregivers stated they would have their child vaccinated, 138 (23%) would refuse to vaccinate their child and 152 (25.3%) were unsure. The intention to vaccinate the child was higher in caregivers vaccinated against COVID-19, in those with a bachelor's degree or higher level of education, and in those with friends/acquaintances who became ill or died due to COVID-19. This study shows that increasing efforts are necessary to provide evidence-based tailored information to caregivers and to promote vaccination in this pediatric age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Lecce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banderali
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biganzoli
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) “L. Sacco” & DSRC, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Castellazzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Costanza Paramithiotti
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Salvatici
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Tommasi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences – L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Marchisio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Castaldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Padhi BK, Satapathy P, Rajagopal V, Rustagi N, Vij J, Jain L, Chakrapani V, Patro BK, Kar SS, Singh R, Pala S, Sankhe L, Modi B, Bali S, Kiran T, Goel K, Aggarwal AK, Gupta M. Parents' Perceptions and Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Against COVID-19: Results From a Cross-Sectional National Survey in India. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:806702. [PMID: 35665354 PMCID: PMC9159272 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.806702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the success of adult vaccination against COVID-19, providing vaccines to children remains a challenge for policymakers globally. As parents are primary decision-makers for their children, we aimed to assess parents' perceptions and intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccination in India. Methods A cross-sectional web-based study was designed, parents or caregivers (N = 770) were recruited through snowball sampling using Google form. Cross-tabulation was performed by parents' intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 virus with sociodemographic characteristics and their risk perception toward COVID-19, trust in the healthcare system, and their history of vaccine hesitancy behavior. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to compute the predictors of child vaccination intention among Indian parents. Results Seven hundred and seventy parents across the country have completed the survey. Of the 770 participants, 258 (33.5%) have shown intent to vaccinate their children. The stated likelihood of child vaccination was greater among parents who had a bachelor's degree or higher education (aOR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.15-3.51); as well as among parents who intended to vaccinate themselves (aOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.30-4.67). Parental concerns centered around vaccine safety and side effects. Conclusion Indian parents reported high knowledge of the COVID-19 virus and were aware of the development of a vaccine. However, about one-third of parents intended to vaccinate their children, and about half of them were not sure whether to vaccinate their children or not against the COVID-19 virus. The study highlighted the need for health promotion strategies that promote vaccine uptake among parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya Kumar Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Vineeth Rajagopal
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Neeti Rustagi
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Jatina Vij
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Lovely Jain
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Binod Kumar Patro
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Ritesh Singh
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, India
| | - Star Pala
- Department of Community Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, India
| | - Lalit Sankhe
- Grant Medical College & JJ Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhavesh Modi
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, India
| | - Surya Bali
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Tanvi Kiran
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Kapil Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Kumar Aggarwal
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Li JB, Lau EYH, Chan DKC. Why do Hong Kong parents have low intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19? testing health belief model and theory of planned behavior in a large-scale survey. Vaccine 2022; 40:2772-2780. [PMID: 35339306 PMCID: PMC8934736 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have been authorized for use in children in some societies. Parents' intention to vaccinate their children is context-specific. Drawing upon health belief model (HBM) and theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study contributed to a timely topic by examining the extent to which parents intended to vaccinate their children and its associated factors in Hong Kong, where the government announced children as young as five could take COVID-19 vaccines starting from 21 January 2022. A large-scale, online survey was conducted among 11,141 Hong Kong parents (86% mothers) of children aged 5-12 (N = 14,468, 49.5% girls). They reported on measures that assessed HBM constructs (i.e., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action), TPB constructs (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control), and their intention to vaccinate each of their children. Results of descriptive statistics showed that Hong Kong parents' intention to vaccinate their children was very low (1.55 out of 5.00). Multilevel regression showed that after controlling for parents' and children's demographic variables (e.g., sex and age), parents' intention to vaccinate their children was higher if parents had higher levels of perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, positive attitudes, and subjective norms and if they had lower levels of perceived barriers. Positive attitudes were the strongest correlate of parents' intention. These findings have important implications for public health by informing which factors authorities should address in order to boost Hong Kong parents' intention to vaccinate their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Eva Yi Hung Lau
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Derwin King Chung Chan
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Lau EYH, Li JB, Chan DKC. Intention to vaccinate young children against COVID-19: a large-scale survey of Hong Kong parents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2065838. [PMID: 35452345 PMCID: PMC9302498 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2065838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines (Sinovac and Pfizer/BioNTech) have recently been approved for Hong Kong children. Understanding parental intentions to vaccinate children against COVID-19 is important to the development of an effective COVID-19 vaccine campaign. From a large-scale, geographically representative dataset in Hong Kong (N = 11,141), we examined parents' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 under three conditions: (1) no policy restrictions, (2) vaccination rate considered for school resumption, and (3) more choices of vaccine. Results showed that levels of vaccine hesitancy in Hong Kong parents are high. Hong Kong parents' intention to vaccinate their children was highest when there were more vaccines to choose from, followed by when vaccination rate was considered to resume school, and when there was no policy restrictions. Finally, Hong Kong parents with higher education backgrounds and family income were less willing to vaccinate their children. Together, these findings indicate that effective vaccines campaign should consider the characteristics and preferences of parents who have little intention to vaccinate within a specific social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Yi Hung Lau
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Derwin King Chung Chan
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Du Y, Chen L, Shi Y. Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adolescents, Children, and Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:829176. [PMID: 35493393 PMCID: PMC9046659 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.829176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAs the epidemic progresses, universal vaccination against COVID-19 has been the trend, but there are still some doubts about the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in adolescents, children, and even infants.PurposeTo evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the population aged 0–17 years.MethodA comprehensive search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to November 9, 2021. All data were pooled by RevMan 5.3 statistical software, with risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval as the effect measure. This study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021290205).ResultsThere was a total of six randomized controlled trials included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, enrolling participants in the age range of 3–17 years, and containing three types of COVID-19 vaccines. Compared with mRNA vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines, inactivated vaccines have a more satisfactory safety profile, both after initial (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.04–1.90, P = 0.03) and booster (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.20–2.81, P = 0.005) vaccination. The risk of adverse reactions was significantly increased after the first and second doses, but there was no significant difference between the first two doses (RR 1.00, 95%CI 0.99–1.02, P = 0.60). Nevertheless, the two-dose regimen is obviously superior to the single-dose schedule for immunogenicity and efficacy. After booster vaccination, both neutralizing antibodies (RR 144.80, 95%CI 44.97–466.24, P < 0.00001) and RBD-binding antibodies (RR 101.50, 95%CI 6.44–1,600.76, P = 0.001) reach optimal levels, but the cellular immune response seemed not to be further enhanced. In addition, compared with younger children, older children and adolescents were at significantly increased risk of adverse reactions after vaccination, with either mRNA or inactivated vaccines, accompanied by a stronger immune response.ConclusionThe available evidence suggests that the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines are acceptable in people aged 3–17 years. However, there is an urgent need for additional multicenter, large-sample studies, especially in younger children under 3 years of age and even in infants, with long-term follow-up data.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021290205, identifier: CRD42021290205.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Du
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Shi
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Liu Y, Ma Q, Liu H, Guo Z. Public attitudes and influencing factors toward COVID-19 vaccination for adolescents/children: a scoping review. Public Health 2022; 205:169-181. [PMID: 35303534 PMCID: PMC8825307 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically clarify attitudes and influencing factors of the public toward COVID-19 vaccination for children or adolescents. STUDY DESIGN This was a scoping review. METHODS This scoping review screened, included, sorted, and analyzed relevant studies on COVID-19 vaccination for children or adolescents before December 31, 2021, in databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley. RESULTS A total of 34 studies were included. The results showed that the public's acceptance rate toward COVID-19 vaccination for children or adolescents ranged from 4.9% (southeast Nigerian mothers) to 91% (Brazilian parents). Parents' or adolescents' age, gender, education level, and cognition and behavior characteristics for the vaccines were the central factors affecting vaccination. The vaccine's safety, effectiveness, and potential side-effects were the main reasons affecting vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Realizing current public attitudes of COVID-19 vaccination for adolescents or children can effectively develop intervention measures and control the pandemic as soon as possible through herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Q Ma
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - H Liu
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Z Guo
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China; Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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