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Chaudhary E, Swami D, Joshi N, Reddy KR. Flow and contaminant transport dynamics in clay-amended barriers through flushing experiments and multi-porosity-based modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 355:124138. [PMID: 38734052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Clay-amended barriers are widely used to prevent hazardous leachate percolation from landfill to subsurface. The performance of these barriers is mostly evaluated through numerical simulations with limited experimental investigation through leachate flushing experiments. To bridge this gap, contaminant loading and its flushing experiments were carried out to assess the performance of clay-amended composite materials as landfill liners. River sand (Sa), loamy soil (Ns), and alternative waste materials like fly ash (Fa) and flushed silt (Si) were used to prepare the composites. Composites fulfilling the hydraulic conductivity (<10-7 cm/s) and compressive strength (200 kPa) criteria were selected for contaminant loading and its flushing experiments to understand the fate of fluoride ions. The experimentally determined hydraulic conductivity (Ks) values for all the composites were in the order of 10-8 cm/s. The experimental breakthrough curves exhibited skewed shape, long tailing, and dual peaks. Dual porosity and dual permeability with immobile water models were employed to simulate these curves, revealing that preferential flow pathways and random chemical sorption sites significantly affect solute transport in clay-amended barriers. Further, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to trace the preferred path of fluoride ions through the barrier. The removal efficiency and temporal moments were used to determine the percentage mass retained, mean arrival time, and spreading within the barrier. The highest solute mass was retained by sand-clay barrier (SaB30) (91%), followed by loam-clay barrier (NsB30) (59%), fly ash-clay barrier (FaB30) (38%), and silt-clay barrier (SiB30) (4%) with the least mass. The lowest mean arrival time was calculated for NsB30 (269 h) and the highest for SaB30 (990 h), with FaB30 (384 h) and SiB30 (512 h) having values in between. This study concludes that validating the design hypothesis of clay-amended barriers through contaminant loading and its flushing studies leads to an effective and sustainable design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Chaudhary
- Research Scholar, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
| | - Deepak Swami
- Associate Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
| | - Nitin Joshi
- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu 181221, India.
| | - Krishna R Reddy
- Professor, Dept. of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 842 West Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Mucheye Y, Reddythota D. Investigation of the impact of municipal solid waste disposal site leachate on surface water resources in Hosanna Town, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44049-44067. [PMID: 38922466 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Surface water resources are the most precious, yet they are also the most vulnerable to pollution. Consequently, maintaining the sustainability of water supplies is critical for livestock support to achieve SDG goals. Landfill leachate poses a significant threat to water resources in developing countries. This study aims to determine how the Hosanna town landfill site affects the Jewie River by analysing the quality of the Alela and Ajew streams and the landfill leachate in both wet and dry seasons. Furthermore, assess the suitability of the water quality for agricultural purposes. The leachate pollution index (LPI), Canadian Council Member of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCMEWQI), and irrigation water quality indices (IWQI) were computed for both seasons using two composite leachate samples and five flow-pace composite river samples. In the wet season, the leachate pollution indices for L1 and L2 ranged from 20.87 to 22.47, respectively. During the dry season, the leachate pollutant index of L1 and L2 was found to be 24.42 and 27.98. Only the Ajew River stream was affected during the dry season because the landfill site is only 46 m away. Both the Ajew and Alela River streams are infested during the rainy season. Irrigation index concentrations revealed that the river water is suitable for cultivation. The early stages of landfill waste maturation are evident from the LPI results. Relocating the dump site is necessary to safeguard water resources because leachate has entered the river streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibeltal Mucheye
- Faculty of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, SNNPR, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Reddythota
- Faculty of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, SNNPR, Ethiopia.
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Huang Z, Liu G, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Xi B, Tan W. Assessing the impacts and contamination potentials of landfill leachate on adjacent groundwater systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172664. [PMID: 38653413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Landfilling is a globally prevalent method for managing municipal solid waste disposal. Nonetheless, the potential for serious contamination and the significant regional disparities in the leachate produced pose varying degrees of risks to groundwater quality. Previous studies have focused on a single landfill or the same geo-climatic conditions, with a limited number of samples having resulted in a narrow distribution of landfill age and scale, which prevents the description of the pattern of change in landfill age and scale. As well as the effect of this change on the contaminants in the landfill leachate and surrounding groundwater is still unclear. Therefore, we sampled and analyzed leachate and surrounding groundwater from 62 landfills with different landfill ages, scales, and operating conditions in a region with dense and varied topography and climate. Aim to explore the effects of different landfill ages, scales, and operating conditions on contaminants in leachate and surrounding groundwater. Findings indicate that pollutant profiles in different media are influenced by the age, scale, and operational status of the landfill, and the impact of leachate on pollutant types and concentrations in groundwater is limited. A significant correlation exists between the concentration of contaminants in the groundwater affected by leaching from the impermeable layer and the age and scale of the landfill when compared to the leachate. The contamination potentials posed by different pollutants vary across environmental media. Total dissolved solids and NH4+-N in leachate presented high contamination potentials, whereas elemental metalloids (Mn, Al, Ba, and Fe) in the surrounding groundwater posed high environmental concerns. These insights furnish new avenues for monitoring, identification, and safeguarding against pollutants in landfills and proximate groundwater, which is imperative for the sustainable management of municipal waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Dagwar PP, Dutta D. Landfill leachate a potential challenge towards sustainable environmental management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171668. [PMID: 38485011 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The increasing amount of waste globally has led to a rise in the use of landfills, causing more pollutants to be released through landfill leachate. This leachate is a harmful mix formed from various types of waste at a specific site, and careful disposal is crucial to prevent harm to the environment. Understanding the physical and chemical properties, age differences, and types of landfills is essential to grasp how landfill leachate behaves in the environment. The use of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in managing leachate is noticeable, as applying these goals directly is crucial in reducing the negative effects of landfill leachate. This detailed review explores the origin of landfill leachate, its characteristics, global classification by age, composition analysis, consequences of mismanagement, and the important role of SDGs in achieving sustainable landfill leachate management. The aim is to provide a perspective on the various aspects of landfill leachate, covering its origin, key features, global distribution, environmental impacts from poor management, and importance of SDGs which can guide for sustainable mitigation within a concise framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Prashant Dagwar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 240, India
| | - Deblina Dutta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 240, India.
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Sales Junior SF, da Silva EO, Mannarino CF, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. A comprehensive overview on solid waste leachate effects on terrestrial organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170083. [PMID: 38224881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Leachate is a highly complex waste with high toxicological potential that poses a significant threat to the terrestrial environment. Determining leachate physicochemical parameters and identifying xenobiotics alone is, however, not enough to determine the real environmental impacts. In this context, the use of terrestrial model organisms has been highlighted as a tool in ecotoxicological leachate assessments and as a guiding principle in risk assessments. In this context, this review aimed to present the most current state of knowledge concerning leachate toxicity and the bioassays employed in this evaluation concerning terrestrial plants and animals. To this end, a literature search on leachate effects on terrestrial organisms was carried out using ten search terms, in 32 different combinations, at the Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total of 74 eligible articles were selected. The retrieved studies analyzed 42 different plant and animal species and employed nine endpoints, namely phytotoxicity, genotoxicity, bioaccumulation, antioxidant system, cytotoxicity, reproduction, physiological changes, behavior and lethality. A frequent association of toxic leachate effects with metals was observed, mainly Pb, Cd, Cr, Mg, Zn and Cr, which can cause antioxidant system alterations and cyto- and genotoxicity. These elements have also been associated to reproductive effects in earthworms and mice. Specifically concerning plants, most of the retrieved studies employed Allium cepa in toxicity assays, reporting phytotoxic effects frequently associated to metals and soil parameter changes. Animal studies, on the other hand, mostly employed mice and evaluated genotoxicity and antioxidant system effects. Even with the description of toxic leachate effects in both plants and animals, a lack of knowledge is still noted concerning reproductive, physiological, cytotoxic, and behavioral effects in terrestrial species. We, thus, suggest that further studies be carried out on other animals, advancing our understanding on potential environmental leachate effects, also allowing for human health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Oliveira da Silva
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), 458 Pasteur Ave., 22290-20 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil; Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil.
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Levi UI, Bintu MM, Daniella OC, Oyenike OAF, Agbonu AO, Adedamola AM, Ndidi E, Saka SF, Gela BV, Mbagwu SI, Edem EE, Olukayode OJ, James C. Neurobehavioral deficits, histoarchitectural alterations, parvalbumin neuronal damage and glial activation in the brain of male Wistar rat exposed to Landfill leachate. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 136:102377. [PMID: 38176474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Concerns about inappropriate disposal of waste into unsanitary municipal solid waste landfills around the world have been on the increase, and this poses a public health challenge due to leachate production. The neurotoxic effect of Gwagwalada landfill leachate (GLL) was investigated in male adult Wistar rats. Rats were exposed to a 10% concentration of GLL for 21 days. The control group received tap water for the same period of the experiment. Our results showed that neurobehavior, absolute body and brain weights and brain histomorphology as well as parvalbumin interneurons were severely altered, with consequent astrogliosis and microgliosis after 21 days of administrating GLL. Specifically, there was severe loss and shrinkage of Purkinje cells, with their nucleus, and severe diffused vacuolations of the white matter tract of GLL-exposed rat brains. There was severe cell loss in the granular layer of the cerebellum resulting in a reduced thickness of the layer. Also, there was severe loss of dendritic arborization of the Purkinje cells in GLL-exposed rat brains, and damage as well as reduced populations of parvalbumin-containing fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons in various regions of the brain. In conclusion, data from the present study demonstrated the detrimental effects of Gwagwalada landfill leachate on the brain which may be implicated in neuropsychological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usende Ifukibot Levi
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Mofio M Bintu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Adikpe Oluwa Agbonu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Enefe Ndidi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sanni Fatimah Saka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Beselia V Gela
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Petre Schotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Smart I Mbagwu
- Dept of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
| | - Edem Ekpenyong Edem
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Nigeria
| | | | - Connor James
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Gunarathne V, Phillips AJ, Zanoletti A, Rajapaksha AU, Vithanage M, Di Maria F, Pivato A, Korzeniewska E, Bontempi E. Environmental pitfalls and associated human health risks and ecological impacts from landfill leachate contaminants: Current evidence, recommended interventions and future directions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169026. [PMID: 38056656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The improper management of solid waste, particularly the dumping of untreated municipal solid waste, poses a growing global challenge in both developed and developing nations. The generation of leachate is one of the significant issues that arise from this practice, and it can have harmful impacts on both the environment and public health. This paper presents an overview of the primary waste types that generate landfill leachate and their characteristics. This includes examining the distribution of waste types in landfills globally and how they have changed over time, which can provide valuable insights into potential pollutants in a given area and their trends. With a lack of specific regulations and growing concerns regarding environmental and health impacts, the paper also focuses on emerging contaminants. Furthermore, the environmental and ecological impacts of leachate, along with associated health risks, are analyzed. The potential applications of landfill leachate, suggested interventions and future directions are also discussed in the manuscript. Finally, this work addresses future research directions in landfill leachate studies, with attention, for the first time to the potentialities that artificial intelligence can offer for landfill leachate management, studies, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viraj Gunarathne
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ankur J Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Alessandra Zanoletti
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Francesco Di Maria
- LAR5 Laboratory, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alberto Pivato
- DICEA - Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ewa Korzeniewska
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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Fernandes Sales Junior S, Oliveira Souza Soares L, Pinheiro Cunha D, Ernesto Taveira Parente C, Ferreira Mannarino C, Veríssimo Correia F, Mendes Saggioro E. Biomarker response index in earthworms following chronic exposure to leachate from a closed dumpsite: Behavioral, cytotoxicity and antioxidant system alterations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119990. [PMID: 38183952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Leachate, an effluent produced during solid waste decomposition, interacts directly with soil, mainly in dumpsite areas. Studies on terrestrial animal exposure to leachate are, however, lacking. Plants are the most frequently studied organisms, while animal studies, especially earthworms, are limited. Nevertheless, ecotoxicological assessments involving earthworms are crucial due to their role in soil health and ecosystem maintenance, which are paramount in understanding potential terrestrial ecosystem leachate effects. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate behavioral effects, sublethal cytotoxicity and antioxidant system alterations in Eisenia andrei earthworms chronically exposed to leachate from a closed dumpsite. Cytotoxicity was determined by coelomocyte density, viability and cell typing, while antioxidant system alterations were assessed through superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) determinations. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonylation (PTC) levels were also determined as oxidative effect markers. Finally, the Biomarker Response Index (BRI) was assessed, aiming to quantitatively integrate the results of the investigated endpoints and establish a biological health state (BHS) for each leachate concentration. Leachate exposure led to leak responses at concentrations of up to 50%, but attraction at higher concentrations. Decreased cell density (28%) was observed after 48 days and reduced viability (50%), after 14 days of leachate exposure. The observed cell typing changes indicate anti-inflammatory immune system effects. Leachate exposure led to several antioxidant system alterations, increasing SOD (2-6 %), CAT (5-35 %) and GST (5-70 %) activities and GSH (7-37%) and MT (3-67%) levels. Earthworm antioxidant defenses were, however, able to prevent lipid peroxidation, which decreased (11-37%) following leachate exposure to concentrations above 12.5%, and PTC, which increased at 42 days (26%) and reduced at 56 days (12 %). This is the first PTC assessment in leachate-exposed earthworms. The increased carbonylation levels observed after 42 days alongside MDA decreases highlight the need for further research employing oxidative effect biomarkers other than MDA. Finally, an integrated approach employing the BRI was carried out, revealing mild initial changes evolving to moderate to major effects at the highest leachate exposure concentration, with an effect attenuation detected at the end of the experiment. In this sense, this study brings forth a significant novelty, employing a biomarker previously not assessed in earthworms, demonstrating an oxidative effect, alongside the use of the BRI as an integrative tool for the endpoints applied in this assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lorena Oliveira Souza Soares
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Davi Pinheiro Cunha
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Pasteur 458, 22290-20, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Pasteur, 458, 22290-20, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Sales Junior SF, da Costa NM, de Farias Araújo G, Soares LOS, Mannarino CF, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. Antioxidant system alterations, oxidative, and genotoxic effects in Danio rerio (zebrafish) exposed to leachate from a dumpsite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:10737-10749. [PMID: 38206461 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Water body contamination by leachate originated from dumpsites is a concern for municipal solid waste (MSW) management. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate antioxidant system alterations and oxidative and genotoxic effects in Danio rerio (zebrafish) exposed to leachate from a closed dumpsite. Groups comprising 50 fish were exposed (96 h) to different leachate concentrations (5, 15, 30, and 50%) to evaluate effects on liver and brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) concentrations, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonylation (PTC) levels. Blood genotoxicity was evaluated by the comet assay. The investigated dumpsite leachate pond presented high chloride concentrations (Cl-; 2288.4 ± 69.5 mg L-1) and high electrical conductivity (EC; 8434.0 mS cm-1), indicating the presence of leachate. Concerning Danio rerio exposure, higher SOD (37%), CAT (67%), and GST (39%) activities and higher GSH (57%) concentrations were observed in liver following exposure to 50% leachate, while decreased brain GST (42%) activities and GSH (90%) levels were observed at the same leachate concentration. A significant increase in the olive tail moment (OTM; 280%) indicative of genotoxicity in blood was observed. A principal component analysis indicated that increased enzymatic activities and high levels of both GSH and MT were not sufficient to prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in PTC and genotoxicity. Therefore, leachate exposure causes sublethal Danio rerio effects, altering the antioxidant system, increasing ROS production, and leading to PTC and genotoxicity. The findings demonstrate the need to further develop sublethal level assessments in zebrafish using leachate from different sources to subsidize risk assessments regarding MSW management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Nicolle Martins da Costa
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Farias Araújo
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Lorena Oliveira Souza Soares
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences (Neotropical Biodiversity), Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 458 Pasteur Ave., 22290-20 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences (Neotropical Biodiversity), Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 458 Pasteur Ave., 22290-20 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 458 Pasteur Ave., 22290-20 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Post-graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brazil.
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brazil Ave, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil.
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10
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Qian Y, Hu P, Lang-Yona N, Xu M, Guo C, Gu JD. Global landfill leachate characteristics: Occurrences and abundances of environmental contaminants and the microbiome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132446. [PMID: 37729713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachates are complex mixtures containing very high concentrations of biodegradable and recalcitrant toxic compounds. Understanding the major contaminant components and microbial community signatures in global landfill leachates is crucial for timely decision-making regarding contaminant management and treatment. Therefore, this study analyzed leachate data from 318 landfill sites primarily used for municipal solid waste disposal, focusing on their chemical and microbiological characteristics. The most prevalent and dominant components in landfill leachates are the chemical oxygen demand (COD, 3.7-75.9 × 103 mg/L) and NH4+ (0.03-0.81 × 104 mg/L), followed by salt species such as SO42- (0.03-5.25 × 103 mg/L), Cl- (3.2-7.8 × 103 mg/L), K+ (0.58-4.20 × 103 mg/L), Na+ (1.3-13.0 × 103 mg/L) and Ca2+ (2.35-230.23 × 103 mg/L), which exhibit significant fluctuations. Heavy metals and metalloids are widely distributed in most landfill leachates but at relatively low concentrations (<182.8 mg/L) compared to conventional parameters. Importantly, there is a distinct global variation in the occurrence of emerging environmental contaminants (ECs). Among these compounds, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, 0.02-7.50 × 103 μg/L) of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A (BPA, 0.01-33.46 × 103 μg/L) belonged to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), together with di-ethyltoluamide (DEET, 1.0-1.0 × 103 μg/L) affiliated to pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are the most frequently detected in landfill leachates. Additionally, the microbial community compositions in most leachates are primarily dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi, and some of their abundances are correlated with the concentrations of NH4+, NO3-, Cl-, Na+ and Cr. Notably, the leading microbes driving advanced removal of inorganic nitrogen in the treatment systems are Candidatus Brocadia (anammox), denitrifying Thauera, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria Nitrospira, along with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira. The findings of this work provide a deeper insight into the leachate characteristics and the sustainable management of landfill leachates, especially presenting a snapshot of the global distribution of pollutants and also the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfen Qian
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Pengfei Hu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Naama Lang-Yona
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Meiying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
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11
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Martins Dos Santos J, Amaral LM, Martinho G. Effects of landfill age, climate, and size on leachate from urban waste landfills in Portugal: A statistics and machine learning analysis. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 172:192-207. [PMID: 37922839 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The leachate generated by in urban waste landfills can cause environmental pollution if not controlled and treated. With different proportions of biodegradable waste, urban waste degrades over several phases in anaerobic conditions within a landfill. Using multivariate leachate data from 32 engineered landfills in Portugal, each with a similar waste composition, and all classified as non-hazardous waste landfills receiving urban waste, statistical inference was applied to categorise and deduce significant statistical differences in leachate volume and quality between landfill age, size, and climate, as well as the interactions and effects within these categories. The findings show that the effects of size and age on the leachate volume are prevalent over local, Mediterranean climate conditions; in larger landfills, waste may not be degrading as efficiently as in medium-sized landfills; hotter zones showed higher levels of COD and lower levels of BOD5 than warmer zones, indicating increased biological activity under higher temperature conditions; TN and NH4-N increase significantly with age and size; Cl- also significantly increases with age, showing higher levels, along with SO42-, in hotter zones as well as a concentration effect in the dry season, along with K+; heavy metals maintain levels as landfills age from intermediate to old, with only Cd2+ and Pb2+ showing significant reductions. High correlations between macro inorganics and between heavy metals were found. Cluster analysis showed two main branches, one representing the initial to intermediate stages of anaerobic degradation, and the other the interactions between leaching parameters in the later methanogenic phase of landfill stabilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Martins Dos Santos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / Associate Laboratory ARNET - Aquatic Research Network. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Leonor M Amaral
- CENSE - Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Graça Martinho
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / Associate Laboratory ARNET - Aquatic Research Network. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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12
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Xi B, Li Y, Ge X, Gong Y, Chen H, Chen J, Tan W, Yuan Y. Full life cycle and sustainability transitions of phthalates in landfill: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 170:215-229. [PMID: 37717503 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are added to various products as a plasticizer. As these products age and are disposed of, plastic waste containing PAEs enters the landfill. The landfill environment is complicated and can be regarded as a "black box". Also, PAEs do not bind with the polymer matrix. Therefore, when a series of physical chemistry and biological reactions occur during the stabilization of landfills, PAEs leach from waste and migrate to the surrounding environmental media, thereby contaminating the surrounding soil, water ecosystems, and atmosphere. Although research on PAEs has achieved progress over the years, they are mainly concentrated on a particular aspect of PAEs in the landfill; there are fewer inquiries on the life cycle of PAEs. In this study, we review the presence of PAEs in the landfill in the following aspects: (1) the main source of PAEs in landfills; (2) the impact of the landfill environment on PAE migration and conversion; (3) distribution and transmedia migration of PAEs in aquatic ecosystems, soils, and atmosphere; and (4) PAE management and control in the landfill and future research direction. The purpose is to track the life cycle of PAEs in landfills, provide scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the migration and transformation of PAEs and environmental pollution control in landfills, and new ideas for the sustainable utilization of landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiman Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Lan Zhou Jiao Tong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zheng Zhou 450046, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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13
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Simon S, Suresh BK, Anantha-Singh TS. A sequential aerated electrocoagulation and peroxicoagulation process for the treatment of municipal stabilized landfill leachate by iron and graphite electrodes. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139692. [PMID: 37543228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical treatment has emerged as a viable technology for the treatment of leachate due to its efficient removal of ammonaical nitrogen and other recalcitrant organics. The main technical issues that prevent its practical deployment are restricted performance of a single electrochemical process and the lengthy tertiary treatment time required to achieve the disposal quality standards. This study demonstrates the performance of electrochemical treatments such as peroxicoagulation (PC) and aerated electrocoagulation (A-EC) separately and also sequentially for the treatment of stabilized leachate. In aerated electro coagulation iron is used as both anode and cathode, whereas in peroxicoagulation, iron is used as anode and graphite as cathode. The area of electrode used for treatments was fixed as 12.5 cm2. The initial concentration of NH4-N, TN, COD, and TOC of the leachate was found to be 480 mg/L, 997 mg/L, 40,200 mg/L, and 9850 mg/L respectively. Removal efficiency of aerated electrocoagulation for NH4-N, TN, COD and TOC were 25.6%, 23.67%, 25.6% and 28.7% respectively, current density of 30 mAcm-2, electrolysis time of 60 min and pH 7.3. Meanwhile for peroxicoagulation, the removal efficiency was found to be 37.2%, 43%, 37.3%, and 45.6% for NH4-N, TN, COD, and TOC respectively, at an current density of 30 mAcm-2, electrolysis time of 120 min and a pH of 3. The sequential aerated electrocoagulation - peroxicoagulation process achieves a maximum removal efficiency of 63%, 68%, 78%, and 75% for NH4-N, total nitrogen, COD, and TOC respectively for a reaction time of 180 min. Removal of NH4-N, total nitrogen, COD and TOC from stabilized landfill leachate with a BOD/COD ratio less than 0.1 was very much effective with the sequential aerated electrocoagulation - peroxicoagulaton treatment. The results also indicate that for the treatment of leachate, a significant synergistic index of 1.22 exists between aerated electrocoagulation and peroxicoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saji Simon
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India.
| | - Bibin K Suresh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India.
| | - T S Anantha-Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India.
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14
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El-Saadony MT, Saad AM, El-Wafai NA, Abou-Aly HE, Salem HM, Soliman SM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Elrys AS, Selim S, Abd El-Hack ME, Kappachery S, El-Tarabily KA, AbuQamar SF. Hazardous wastes and management strategies of landfill leachates: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION 2023; 31:103150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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15
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Liang-Tong Z, Li Z, Yuqing Y, Na H, Bate B. Investigation of aqueous Fe(III) and Mn(II) removal using dolomite as a permeable reactive barrier material. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2039-2053. [PMID: 34919016 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are the most frequently detected heavy metals in the soil and groundwater near municipal landfill sites. Natural calcium-carbonate-based materials, such as dolomite, effectively remove metal ions and are suitable as reactive materials for permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). However, multiple heavy metals usually coexist in contaminated groundwater, the effectiveness and competitive precipitation mechanisms in the removal of Fe(III) and Mn(II) are unclear. In this study, we investigated the efficiency and influencing factors of the removal of single and coexisting Fe(III) and Mn(II) by dolomite through experimental batch and column tests, property characterization, and PHREEQC simulations. Dolomite with 1.18-2.36 mm particle size showed the best removal efficiency for Fe(III) and Mn(II) through precipitation. Fe(III) was preferentially precipitated by dolomite with higher removal efficiency, attributed to the lower solubility product (Ksp) of iron precipitates. Compared with Fe(III), Mn(II) was precipitated conditionally, and the removal efficiency was restricted by the concentration of Fe(III) in the system. Considering the application of PRB in the field, dolomite would be effective for the remediation of coexisting heavy metals with lower precipitate Ksp. The half-time of Mn(II) removal could serve as a reference for PRB thickness designs if the target metal contaminants were in a similar concentration range as Fe(III) and Mn(II). Additionally, the PRB performance could be affected by the reduction of hydraulic permeability induced by precipitation, and the fine precipitates migrating from PRB might affect downstream groundwater quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liang-Tong
- Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - You Yuqing
- Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Na
- Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bate Bate
- Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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16
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Dang Q, Zhao X, Xi B, Zhang C, He L. The key role of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction in nitrogen pollution along vertical landfill profiles from metagenomic perspective. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118300. [PMID: 37263034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Landfill are persistent sources of nitrogen (N) pollution even in the decades after closure. However, the biological pathways of N-pollution, particularly N2O and NH4+, at different landfill depths have received little attention. In this study, metagenomic analysis was conducted on landfill refuse from vertical reservoir profiles in two closed landfills named XT and MT. NH4+ concentrations were found to be higher in deeper layers of MT, while greater potential for N2O emissions occurred in XT and the shallow layers of MT. Furthermore, the community structure and function of N-metabolizing microbes were more strongly defined by landfill depth than landfill type. Denitrification, involving abundant nirK and norB genes, was identified as the major pathway for N2O production in both XT and MT-shallow, while dissimilatory nitrate reduction with abundant nirBD genes was identified as the major pathway for NH4+ accumulation. Microbes of norB-type and nirBD-type were positively affected by NO3- in XT, whereas negatively affected by contents of organic material and moisture in MT-shallow. The mechanism by which nitrogen fixation, with abundant nifH genes, contributes to NH4+ accumulation in MT-deep should be further elucidated. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for governing scientific N-pollution control strategies throughout the entire landfill process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Chuanyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Liangzi He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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17
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Li Q, Cui H, Li Y, Song X, Liu W, Wang Y, Hou H, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang F, Song J, Ye H, Song S, Che T, Shao S, Kong D, Liang B. Challenges and engineering application of landfill leachate concentrate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116028. [PMID: 37150383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g. reinjection) would exacerbate the performance of upstream treatment processes and pose risks to the surrounding environments near landfill sites. Addressing the challenge and recovering resources from LLC have thus been attracting considerable attention. Although many LLC treatment technologies have been developed, a comprehensive discussion about the challenges still lacks. This review critically evaluates mainstream LLC treatment technologies, namely incineration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, evaporation and solidification/stabilization. We then introduce a geopolymer-based solidification (GS) process as a promising technology owning to its simple casting process and reusable final product and summarizes engineering applications in China. Finally, we suggest investigating hybrid systems to minimize LLC production and achieve the on-site reuse of LLC. Collectively, this review provides useful information to guide the selection of LLC treatment technologies and suggests a sustainable alternative for large-scale application, while also highlighting the need of joint efforts in the industry to achieve efficient, ecofriendly and economical on-site management of landfill waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanlin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Song
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongxuan Wang
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Haimeng Hou
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - You Li
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Jun Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Hanfeng Ye
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Sirui Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Tong Che
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Deyong Kong
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China; Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China.
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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18
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Piegari E, De Donno G, Melegari D, Paoletti V. A machine learning-based approach for mapping leachate contamination using geoelectrical methods. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 157:121-129. [PMID: 36535125 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leachate is the main source of pollution in landfills and its negative impacts continue for several years even after landfill closure. In recent years, geophysical methods are recognized as effective tools for providing an imaging of the leachate plume. However, they produce subsurface cross-sections in terms of individual physical quantities, leaving room for ambiguities on interpretation of geophysical models and uncertainties in the definition of contaminated zones. In this work, we propose a machine learning-based approach for mapping leachate contamination through an effective integration of geoelectrical tomographic data. We apply the proposed approach for the characterization of two urban landfills. For both cases, we perform a multivariate analysis on datasets consisting of electrical resistivity, chargeability and normalized chargeability (chargeability-to-resistivity ratio) data extracted from previously inverted model sections. By executing a K-Means cluster analysis, we find that the best partition of the two datasets contains ten and eleven classes, respectively. From such classes and also introducing a distance-based colour code, we get updated cross-sections and provide an easy and less ambiguous identification of the leachate accumulation zones. The latter turn out to be characterized by coordinate values of cluster centroids<3 Ωm and >27 mV/V and 11 mS/m. Our findings, also supported by borehole data for one of the investigation sites, show that the combined use of geophysical imaging and unsupervised machine learning is promising and can yield new perspectives for the characterization of leachate distribution and pollution assessment in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Piegari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giorgio De Donno
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Ambientale, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Melegari
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Ambientale, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Paoletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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19
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Wijerathna WSMSK, Lindamulla LMLKB, Nanayakkara KGN, Rathnayake RMLD, Jegatheesan V, Jinadasa KBSN. Post-treatment of matured landfill leachate: Synthesis and evaluation of chitosan biomaterial based derivatives as adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 218:115018. [PMID: 36495958 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Matured landfill leachate is complex in nature, hence, a single conventional treatment unit is insufficient to remove the contaminants of the leachate to achieve the discharge standards. Furthermore, high levels of organic matter, colour compounds, and iron-based materials form a dark black/brown colour in leachate which is not removed by the biological treatment units. Hence, an Anoxic-Oxic Membrane Bioreactor coupled with a tertiary adsorption unit composed of crosslinked-protonated chitosan was tested for effective removal of the colour of the permeate. Several operational parameters such a pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorptive removal of colour were quantified using sorption-desorption experiments. Furthermore, the biosorbent was characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, BET-specific surface area, and pHZPC. Response Surface analysis confirmed the optimization of operational parameters conducted through traditional batch experiments. Langmuir isotherm model fitted with equilibrium data (R2 = 0.979) indicating a monolayer homogeneous adsorption. Kinetic data followed the Pseudo-Second-Order model (R2 = 0.9861), showing that the adsorbent material has abundant active sites. The percentage removal values show that the colour removal increases with time of contact and dosage of adsorbent, but removal is mainly influenced by the solution pH levels. The experimental results manifested a colour removal efficiency of 96 ± 3.8% obtained at optimum conditions (pH = 2, adsorbent dosage = 20 g/L, contact time = 48 h) along with an adsorption capacity of 123.8 Pt-Co/g suggesting that the studied adsorbent can be used as an environmentally friendly biosorbent in a tertiary unit for colour removal in a treatment system which is used to treat matured landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S M S K Wijerathna
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
| | - L M L K B Lindamulla
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka; School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - K G N Nanayakkara
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
| | - R M L D Rathnayake
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
| | - V Jegatheesan
- School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - K B S N Jinadasa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
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20
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de Almeida R, Porto RF, Quintaes BR, Bila DM, Lavagnolo MC, Campos JC. A review on membrane concentrate management from landfill leachate treatment plants: The relevance of resource recovery to close the leachate treatment loop. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:264-284. [PMID: 35924944 PMCID: PMC9972246 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221116212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane filtration processes have been used to treat landfill leachate. On the other hand, closing the leachate treatment loop and finding a final destination for landfill leachate membrane concentrate (LLMC) - residual stream of membrane systems - is challenging for landfill operators. The re-introduction of LLMC into the landfill is typical; however, this approach is critical as concentrate pollutants may accumulate in the leachate treatment facility. From that, leachate concentrate management based on resource recovery rather than conventional treatment and disposal is recommended. This work comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art of current research on LLMC management from leachate treatment plants towards a resource recovery approach. A general recovery train based on the main LLMC characteristics for implementing the best recovery scheme is presented in this context. LLMCs could be handled by producing clean water and add-value materials. This paper offers critical insights into LLMC management and highlights future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronei de Almeida
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Ronei de Almeida, School of Chemistry,
Inorganic Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 149
Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue, laboratory I-124, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909,
Brazil.
| | - Raphael Ferreira Porto
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment
Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Lavagnolo
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Juacyara Carbonelli Campos
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
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21
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Xiang H, Cheng L, Liu W, Wang S, Zhang Y, Su L, Tan C, Li Y. Characteristics of leachate from refuse transfer stations in rural China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:3056-3069. [PMID: 35943652 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The properties of leachate from refuse transfer stations (RTSs) in rural China were indefinite. In this study, a total of 14 leachate samples from RTSs in nine provinces of China were characterized for their pH, electric conductivity, chromaticity, concentration of organic substances, nitrogen distribution, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), organic phosphorous pesticide, and heavy metals. The structural composition of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) was also determined. To evaluate the leachate pollution potential in this study, a leachate pollution index was derived and used. Chromium (Cr) was the most polluting heavy metal present in rural leachate. Ethanol and ethyl acetate were the most frequently detected VOCs at high concentrations. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectra were used to characterize the FDOM. Three components, tryptophan (C1), tyrosine-like (C2), and humic acid- and fulvic acid-like (C3) substances, were identified from all 14 samples. Tryptophan was the major component of FDOM and present in 45.7% of the samples by calculating the fluorescence intensity percentage, on average. Pearson correlations revealed that the fluorescence intensity of C1 and C3 was strongly related to soluble chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen carbon, while C2 had significant positive correlations with ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus of the solid waste. This study provided detailed data and findings that could serve as a preliminary basis for broadening options for the treatment and management of leachate from rural RTSs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Xiang
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Cheng
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210024, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiye Liu
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210024, People's Republic of China
| | - Saier Wang
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianghu Su
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chaoqun Tan
- Department of Municipal Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Li
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210024, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Junior SFS, Mannarino CF, de Farias Araújo G, Bila DM, Hauser-Davis RA, Saint'Pierre T, da Costa GL, Oliveira MME, Parente CET, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. A comprehensive assessment of leachate contamination at a non-operational open dumpsite: mycoflora screening, metal soil pollution indices, and ecotoxicological risks. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:243. [PMID: 36576602 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The final disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in dumpsites is still a reality worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries, leading to leachate-contaminated zones. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out soil and leachate physicochemical, microbiological, and toxicological characterizations from a non-operational dumpsite. The L-01 pond samples presented the highest physicochemical parameters, especially chloride (Cl; 4101 ± 44.8 mg L-1), electrical conductivity (EC; 10,452 ± 0.1 mS cm-1), and chemical oxygen demand (COD; 760 ± 6.6 mg L-1) indicating the presence of leachate, explained by its close proximity to the landfill cell. Pond L-03 presented higher parameters compared to pond L-02, except for N-ammoniacal and phosphorus levels, explained by the local geological configuration, configured as a slope from the landfill cell towards L-03. Seven filamentous and/or yeast fungi genera were identified, including the opportunistic pathogenic fungi Candida krusei (4 CFU) in an outcrop sample. Regarding soil samples, Br, Se, and I were present at high concentrations leading to high soil contamination (CF ≤ 6). Pond L-02 presented the highest CF for Br (18.14 ± 18.41 mg kg-1) and I (10.63 ± 3.66 mg kg-1), while pond L-03 presented the highest CF for Se (7.60 ± 1.33 mg kg-1). The most severe lethal effect for Artemia salina was observed for L-03 samples (LC50: 79.91%), while only samples from L-01 were toxic to Danio rerio (LC50: 32.99%). The highest lethality for Eisenia andrei was observed for L-02 samples (LC50: 50.30%). The applied risk characterization indicates high risk of all proposed scenarios for both aquatic (RQ 375-909) and terrestrial environments (RQ > 1.4 × 105). These findings indicate that the investigated dumpsite is contaminated by both leachate and metals, high risks to living organisms and adjacent water resources, also potentially affecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Farias Araújo
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 524 São Francisco Xavier Street, Room 5029-F, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Saint'Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, 22541-041, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisela Lara da Costa
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Manoel Marques Evangelista Oliveira
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Bloco G0, Sala 60, Subsolo, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 458 Pasteur Ave, 22290-20, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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23
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Villamizar S, Maturana Cordoba A, Soto J. Leachate decontamination through biological processes coupled to advanced oxidation: A review. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2022; 72:1341-1365. [PMID: 34569916 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2021.1985012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The landfill leachate is considered a toxic effluent composed of recalcitrant contaminants that requires innovative alternatives for its decontamination. Coupling between advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and aerobic biological treatments are highlighted in this research. Therefore, a bibliographic review of the research made from 2010 to 2021 was developed. These combined alternatives were applied in leachates, and it is oriented toward the analysis of knowledge gaps, trends, and future proposals of the treatment combined that contribute to researchers who wish to work on the subject. These kinds of treatments were chosen due to a bibliometric analysis made. Also, the information was searched in several scientific database. This work was found to be unpublished, as no reviews were found so far that agglomerate studies of coupling between photocatalytic and aerobic biological processes to treat leachates. Besides, AOPs are ideal for treating wastewater of complex composition, however, when it is used as the only treatment, they are usually unprofitable, which justifies their coupling with biological treatments. Subsequently, it was determined that the knowledge main gap is the lack of documentation of treatment costs, which makes it difficult to implement on a real scale. In addition to this, the couplings trends are toward doping with metallic and nonmetallic ions of the catalyst used in the photocatalytic process to improve the efficiency of these. Finally, future research should work on finding alternatives that allow the optimization of the resources used in the combined systems and on promoting the recovery of existing products in the leachate.Implications: Leachates generate several environmental impacts due to their toxic composition. Even when coupling between heterogeneous photocatalysis and biologic treatment can solve them, issues like cost analysis and the scaling-up factor have not been developed, and futures researchers should work on that. Besides, the trend founded in almost all investigations was the catalyst doping with metals and nonmetals ions, particularly when they use TiO2 because it gives the possibility of improving efficiencies just with a structural variation. Finally, these treatment combinations require more analyses and comparison of their remotion over emerging pollutants and their performance with new designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Villamizar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Institute of Hydraulic and Environmental Studies IDEHA, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Aymer Maturana Cordoba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Institute of Hydraulic and Environmental Studies IDEHA, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Joseph Soto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Institute of Hydraulic and Environmental Studies IDEHA, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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24
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Lindamulla LMLKB, Jayawardene NKRN, Wijerathne WSMSK, Othman M, Nanayakkara KGN, Jinadasa KBSN, Herath GBB, Jegatheesan V. Treatment of mature landfill leachate in tropical climate using membrane bioreactors with different configurations. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136013. [PMID: 35973495 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the collection of landfill leachate from seven sites in different climatic zones of Sri Lanka and characterizes the landfills through the analyses of leachate quality. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with different configurations were employed to treat some of those leachates. An aerobic MBR (AMBR) system was operated in three Phases. In the first Phase, an AMBR alone, in the second Phase an anaerobic reactor followed by an anoxic reactor and an AMBR and in the third Phase an anoxic reactor followed by an AMBR were operated. In Phases I and II, the sludge retention time (SRT) and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) were kept at infinite (as no intentional wasting of sludge was made) and 96 h; in Phase III, the SRT was varied from 60, 30, 20 to 10 days and under each SRT, the HRT was varied from 96, 48, 24 and 12 h. The optimum operating conditions for the configuration used in Phase III was established through extensive experiments which had a SRT. The three MBR configurations removed more than 93%, 64.8% and 59% of BOD5, COD and total nitrogen respectively. They also removed large amounts of slowly biodegradable substances and nitrogenous compounds other than NH4+, NO3- and NO2-. Relationships between SRT and MLSS as well as SRT and fouling rate of membrane have been found. The study illustrates the capabilities of MBR in treating landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M L K B Lindamulla
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka; School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - N K R N Jayawardene
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - W S M S K Wijerathne
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - M Othman
- School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - K G N Nanayakkara
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - K B S N Jinadasa
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - G B B Herath
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - V Jegatheesan
- School of Engineering and Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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25
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Nhien HTH, Giao NT. Assessment of pollution levels and ecological potential risk of the soil influenced by landfilling in a Vietnamese Mekong Delta province. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157263. [PMID: 35835197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted to assess the impacts of Cai Dau and An Cu landfills in An Giang province, Vietnam on soil quality using relative soil quality index (RSQI), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and multivariable statistical methods and associated health risks. Forty-eight soil samples were collected in two layers: A (0-20 cm) and B (60-80 cm) and analyzed for five physiochemical soil parameters and eight heavy metals during the rainy and dry seasons. The results showed that pH fluctuated from weak acid to neutral, and organic matters and nutrients in soil were from poor to moderate. Heavy metal concentrations were within the Vietnamese standards. The concentrations of the soil quality parameters tended to be higher during the rainy season at the Cai Dau landfill, but lower at the An Cu landfill. The RSQI was rated as bad to good and hazardous to bad at the Cai Dau and An Cu landfills, respectively. The principal component analysis (PCA) and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated the contribution of landfill and agricultural impacts to soil quality variability, accounting for 81.38-90.64 %. Landfills contributed greater 35 % and 50 % to heavy metal contents at Cai Dau and An Cu, respectively. The heavy metal accumulation at Cai Dau landfill was in the decreasing order of Ni > Cr > As, but that was not found at An Cu landfill. The pollution load index (PLI) indicated medium and low risks of heavy metal contamination at the Cai Dau and An Cu landfills, respectively, thus posing low potential ecological risk. The non-cancer and cancer risks of heavy metals-contaminated soil were at acceptable level. Monitoring of heavy metals in the environments surrounding landfills is needed due to its accumulative characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nguyen Thanh Giao
- College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Viet Nam.
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26
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Bai J, Li Y, Song B, Wang Q. Activation of peroxymonosulfate by modified coagulation sludge for bisphenol A degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:78832-78847. [PMID: 35699880 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study used coagulation sludge from a landfill leachate treatment to prepare a modified coagulation sludge (MCS) catalyst by the limited oxygen pyrolysis method, and the adsorption, degradation efficiency, and reaction mechanism of bisphenol A (BPA) in the MCS activated peroxymonosulfate (MCS/PMS) process were investigated. The pyrolysis temperature determined the adsorption capacity and the activation ability of MCS. At a pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C for 2 h, the MCS300-2 test material had the best adsorption capacity for BPA, while MCS450-2 prepared at a pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C for 2 h had a better catalytic performance towards PMS. In the MCS/PMS process, BPA (20 mg/L) could be completely degraded at 120 min under room temperature when the initial pH = 7, PMS dosage = 3 g/L, and MCS dosage = 0.3 g/L. Radical quenching experiments indicated that both hydroxyl radical (·OH) and sulfate radical (SO4-·) existed in the MCS/PMS process, and ·OH played a major role in BPA degradation. The changes in morphology, functional groups, components, and surface element valence state of MCS catalysts before and after the reaction were investigated. It was found that the BPA degradation reaction was a coupled adsorption and oxidation process, in which homogenous in situ and heterogeneous effects were included in the reactions. In addition, the stability of the MCS/PMS process was verified in different environmental scenarios, including ultrapure water, tap water, and municipal wastewater. Furthermore, the degradation intermediates (such as p-hydroxyl phenol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) of BPA were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the reaction mechanisms in the MCS/PMS process were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Yihui Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Bowen Song
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Xingrong Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610000, China.
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27
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Martínez-Ruiz M, Molina-Vázquez A, Santiesteban-Romero B, Reyes-Pardo H, Villaseñor-Zepeda KR, Meléndez-Sánchez ER, Araújo RG, Sosa-Hernández JE, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldivar R. Micro-algae assisted green bioremediation of water pollutants rich leachate and source products recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119422. [PMID: 35533958 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Water management and treatment are high concern fields with several challenges due to increasing pollutants produced by human activity. It is imperative to find integral solutions and strategic measures with robust remediation. Landfill leachate production is a high concern emerging problem. Especially in low middle-income countries due to no proper local waste disposition regulation and non-engineered implemented methods to dispose of urban waste. These landfills can accumulate electronic waste and release heavy metals during the degradation process. Similar phenomena include expired pharmaceuticals like antibiotics. All these pollutants accumulated in leachate made it hard to dispose of or treat. Leachate produced in non-engineered landfills can permeate soils and reach groundwater, dragging different contaminants, including antibiotics and heavy metals, which eventually can affect the environment, changing soil properties and affecting wildlife. The presence of antibiotics in the environment is a problem with particular interest to solve, mainly to avoid the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, which represent a future risk for human health with possible epidemic implications. It has been reported that the use of contaminated water with heavy metals to produce and grow vegetables is a risk for consumers, heavy metals effects in humans can include carcinogenic induction. This work explores the opportunities to use leachate as a source of nutrients to grow microalgae. Microalgae stand out as an alternative to bioremediate leachate, at the same time, microalgae produce high-value compounds that can be used in bioplastic, biofuels, and other industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Martínez-Ruiz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | | | | | - Humberto Reyes-Pardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | | | | | - Rafael G Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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28
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Tesseme AT, Vinti G, Vaccari M. Pollution potential of dumping sites on surface water quality in Ethiopia using leachate and comprehensive pollution indices. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:545. [PMID: 35773526 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste disposed of in illegal dumpsites pollutes the surface and groundwater. However, accurately determining these pollution levels is typically challenging for practitioners and decision-makers in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to use the leachate pollution index (LPI) to assess the contamination potential of uncontrolled dumping sites along the course of the Kulfo River in Arba Minch, Ethiopia. The comprehensive pollution index (CPI) approach was also utilized to assess the suitability of Kulfo River water quality for aquatic species. Leachate samples were collected from four uncontrolled dumping sites along the Kulfo River's course and analyzed for fifteen leachate characteristics necessary to quantify the LPI sub-indices. Water samples were taken from three monitoring stations along the river and examined for aquatic species suitability. When the leachate parameters were compared to the Indian limit for discharge of treated leachate, it was found that dumping sites posed a considerable risk of pollution to adjacent water resources. The overall LPI ranged from 23.34 to 27.35, which is higher than the discharge standard LPI of 5.69, indicating that dumping sites can threaten the surrounding water resources and human health. Based on the rating scale of CPI, at all monitoring stations, the river resulted severely polluted. Finally, appropriate strategies to reduce the pollution and the related mismanagement of solid waste were discussed. Combining LPI and CPI methods can represent a crucial tool for experts and decision-makers in developing countries to evaluate the pollution potential of dumping sites and water resource monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aragaw Tamru Tesseme
- Faculty of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
| | - Giovanni Vinti
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Ergene D, Aksoy A, Dilek Sanin F. Comprehensive analysis and modeling of landfill leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 145:48-59. [PMID: 35512555 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate data compiled from 220 different landfills from 46 countries in Europe, Middle East, Asia, Africa, and America was analysed by multivariate statistical approaches. Data pre-treatment procedure such as handling of outliers, completion of missing data, and standardization of data was applied to prepare the raw data matrix for the complex statistical analyses including cluster and principal component analyses (PCA). Regression modeling was conducted to estimate leachate parameter values. Results show that usually inorganic parameters, if included in the PCA, dominated the first components indicating the highest correlations as well as accounting for majority of the variation in the data. Those highly correlated parameters in landfill leachate could be important in evaluation of their pathways into leachate in terms of transport and biodegradation mechanisms as well as their elimination potential from sampling and analytical procedures during monitoring activities at landfills. Some leachate parameters having significantly high concentrations, such as organics, salts, and some inorganics, impacted the formation of components in PCA. This in turn provides important information about the specific characteristics of leachate samples and the landfills to which they belong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didar Ergene
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayşegül Aksoy
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - F Dilek Sanin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Mohammad A, Singh DN, Podlasek A, Osinski P, Koda E. Leachate characteristics: Potential indicators for monitoring various phases of municipal solid waste decomposition in a bioreactor landfill. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114683. [PMID: 35180441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leachate is a contaminated liquid generated during the bio-chemical decomposition processes of municipal solid waste (MSW) that occurred at semi-solid or solid-state in a bioreactor landfill (BLF). Conceptually, leachate from a BLF is analogous to the urine generated in the 'human body', on which the medical practitioners rely to diagnose and remediate ailments. In line with this practice, to monitor the complex MSW decomposition processes, prolonged investigations were performed to establish the temporal variation of different chemical parameters (such as pH, electrical conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, organic- and inorganic carbon, nitrate- and ammonium-nitrogen, sugars and volatile fatty acids) of the leachate collected from different cells (age≈ 6-48 months) of a fully functional BLF in Mumbai, India. Furthermore, to understand the effect of the climate, MSW composition and landfill operating conditions on the rate of the decomposition process, chemical parameters of the leachate obtained from a landfill located in the central part of Poland were compared with the BLF. The study reveals that the chemical parameters, except for the pH, evince a rapid reduction with time and attain a constant value, which indicates the 'stabilized MSW'. Also, native microorganisms that are an integral part of MSW consume volatile fatty acids within a year in the BLF, which facilitate the rapid transformation of the decomposition process from acidogenesis and acetogenesis to the methanogenesis phase. It is worth iterating here that based on the long-term field study, a convenient and efficient methodology, which is currently missing from the literature, has been established to understand the kinetics of different phases of anaerobic decomposition. This study would be very helpful to the landfill operators, who are interested in accelerating MSW decomposition by augmenting leachate properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Mohammad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Devendra Narain Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland.
| | - Piotr Osinski
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland.
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland.
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31
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Lee H, Coulon F, Beriro DJ, Wagland ST. Recovering metal(loids) and rare earth elements from closed landfill sites without excavation: Leachate recirculation opportunities and challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133418. [PMID: 34968509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal (loids) and Rare Earth Elements (REE) ('metals') are used in a wide range of products, and therefore, the improvement of expectations for everyday comforts with demand continues to grow. Metal-bearing wastes are a secondary source of raw material that can meet this demand by providing a previously unconsidered low impact supply source. Total annual leachate production is 1,056,716 m3. Therefore, landfill leachate emerges as a significant potential resource as it contains high concentrations of metals. However, realising a profitable return on investment for leachate processing is a challenge due to relatively low recovery rates of approximately 0.02% of total heavy metals in a landfill being leached out in 30 years. Variation within the multi-element value and the effect of other chemicals in these complex mixtures. There is a need to better understand the mechanisms and potential applicability of extraction methods for optimising metals recovery from leachate. This paper addresses this need by providing a systematic review of the critical factors and environmental conditions that influence the behaviour of metals within the landfilled waste. The paper provides a synthesis of how the factors and conditions may affect leachate recirculation efficiency for recovery in the context of a range of opportunities and challenges facing circular economy practitioners. To approach feasibility metal recovery economically from landfill leachate without energy-intensive and environmentally destructive, future research actions need to be initiated in lab-based and later on semi-pilot to pilot studies, which the review can help achieve the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - F Coulon
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - D J Beriro
- Digital Laboratories, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - S T Wagland
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
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Li Y, Ma J, Li Y, Xiao C, Shen X, Chen J, Xia X. Nitrogen addition facilitates phytoremediation of PAH-Cd cocontaminated dumpsite soil by altering alfalfa growth and rhizosphere communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150610. [PMID: 34597578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thousands of unlined landfills and open dumpsites seriously threatened the safety of soil and groundwater due to leachate leakage with a mass of pollutants, particularly heavy metals, organic contaminants and ammonia. Phytoremediation is widely used in the treatment of cocontaminated soils because it is cost-effective and environmentally friendly. However, the extent to which phytoremediation efficiency and plant physiological responses are affected by the high nitrogen (N) content in such cocontaminated soil is still uncertain. Here, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of N addition on the applicability of legume alfalfa remediation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‑cadmium (PAHCd) co-/contaminated soil and the corresponding microbial regulation mechanism. The results showed that the PAH dissipation rates and Cd removal rates in the high-contamination groups increased with the external N supply, among which the pyrene dissipation rates in the cocontaminated soil was elevated most significantly, from 78.10% to 87.25%. However, the phytoremediation efficiency weakened in low cocontaminated soil, possibly because the excessive N content had inhibitory effects on the rhizobium Ensifer and restrained alfalfa growth. Furthermore, the relative abundance of PAH-degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere dominated PAH dissipation. As reflected by principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) analysis and hierarchical dendrograms, the microbial community composition changed with N addition, and a more pronounced shift was found in the rhizosphere relative to the endosphere or shoots of alfalfa. This study will provide a theoretical basis for legume plant remediation of dumpsites as well as soil contaminated with multiple pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Chen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Xinyi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Jiajun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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Mohammadi A, Malakootian M, Dobaradaran S, Hashemi M, Jaafarzadeh N, Parniani N. Determination and seasonal analysis of physicochemical characterization and metal(oid)s of landfill leachate in Bushehr port along the Persian Gulf. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2027454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Malakootian
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Majid Hashemi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Parniani
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Waste Organization, Bushehr Municipality, Bushehr, Iran
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Spatial Succession for Degradation of Solid Multicomponent Food Waste and Purification of Toxic Leachate with the Obtaining of Biohydrogen and Biomethane. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15030911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A huge amount of organic waste is generated annually around the globe. The main sources of solid and liquid organic waste are municipalities and canning and food industries. Most of it is disposed of in an environmentally unfriendly way since none of the modern recycling technologies can cope with such immense volumes of waste. Microbiological and biotechnological approaches are extremely promising for solving this environmental problem. Moreover, organic waste can serve as the substrate to obtain alternative energy, such as biohydrogen (H2) and biomethane (CH4). This work aimed to design and test new technology for the degradation of food waste, coupled with biohydrogen and biomethane production, as well as liquid organic leachate purification. The effective treatment of waste was achieved due to the application of the specific granular microbial preparation. Microbiological and physicochemical methods were used to measure the fermentation parameters. As a result, a four-module direct flow installation efficiently couples spatial succession of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria with other micro- and macroorganisms to simultaneously recycle organic waste, remediate the resulting leachate, and generate biogas.
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35
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Abunama T, Moodley T, Abualqumboz M, Kumari S, Bux F. Variability of leachate quality and polluting potentials in light of leachate pollution index (LPI) - A global perspective. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131119. [PMID: 34470164 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
From a holistic perspective, this review is the first to comprehensively assess and characterise leachate quality from waste disposal facilities (WDFs), landfills and dumpsites, located in 61 countries worldwide. A continent wise grouping approach was adopted to identify the variability of leachate quality and polluting abilities in light of leachate pollution index (LPI). The literature data on leachate quality included 428 samples, with eighteen leachate parameters, classified under, organic, inorganic, and heavy metals. Statistically significant differences in LPI were found between different continents and WDFs demographic data, i.e., type, status, age, rainfall, etc. A negative correlation was found between pH and the majority of studied parameters, especially for heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Cy, as the decrease in pH intensifies heavy metals' solubility. Based on the studied worldwide leachate data and WDFs age, an LPI rating was identified, where high, intermediate, and low contaminated leachate are typically classified with having an average of 26.5, 23.6 and 17.5, respectively. The provided database in this review could be of great importance in establishing a more comprehensive global databank by including other countries- and site-specific factors that are vital in enhancing the accuracy of LPI and formatting a more representative leachate diagnosis index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Abunama
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tyrone Moodley
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Motasem Abualqumboz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
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36
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Galvão RB, da Silva Moretti AA, Fernandes F, Kuroda EK. Post-treatment of stabilized landfill leachate by upflow gravel filtration and granular activated carbon adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:4179-4188. [PMID: 32202477 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1746838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stabilized leachates from sanitary landfills generally display high levels of recalcitrant organic matter, sometimes requiring a combination of biological and physicochemical treatment processes. This study evaluated the post-treatment by Upflow Gravel Filtration (UGF) followed by Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption (GACA) on a pilot scale of two different landfill leachates previously treated by biological processes. The system design was proven technically feasible for a continuous flow post-treatment in relation to recalcitrant organic matter removal efficiency. The UGF experiments presented 83.9% and 82.0% COD removals for leachates A and B, respectively, with residual values of 107 and 194 mg L-1. The UGF-GACA experiments, in turn, produced effluents with residual COD values of 67 and <60 mg L-1 for leachates A and B, respectively, corresponding to 89.9% and >94.6% efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Borelli Galvão
- Departamento de Construção Civil, Centro de Tecnologia e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Fernandes
- Departamento de Construção Civil, Centro de Tecnologia e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Emília Kiyomi Kuroda
- Departamento de Construção Civil, Centro de Tecnologia e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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37
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Morita AKM, Ibelli-Bianco C, Anache JAA, Coutinho JV, Pelinson NS, Nobrega J, Rosalem LMP, Leite CMC, Niviadonski LM, Manastella C, Wendland E. Pollution threat to water and soil quality by dumpsites and non-sanitary landfills in Brazil: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 131:163-176. [PMID: 34146955 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an overview of environmental studies performed in areas affected by dumpsites and non-sanitary landfills in Brazil, focusing on physicochemical analysis of surface water, groundwater, and soils, as well as geophysical surveys. The objective was to identify the main contaminants found in these areas and to assess their environmental impact, guiding possible intervention measures, indicating the priority areas, and showing whether post-closure activities are mandatory. The results should support governmental actions, especially considering the recent approval of Brazil's new sanitation framework. The present review assessed 162 publications, which described 104 different municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal sites. The physicochemical parameters of analyzed surface water, groundwater, and soil samples were above Brazilian legislation levels in 74%, 70%, and 24% of the studies, respectively. The parameters more frequently above permissible levels were coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, and phosphorus for surface water; lead, coliforms, and iron for groundwater; copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc for soil. The results indicated that Brazilian dumpsites are causing negative impacts in surrounding soils and water resources, posing ecological and public health risks that persist even after the site's closure. Considering that this study provides only a reduced scenario, the dimension of this environmental problem in Brazil is noteworthy. Therefore, it is suggested that not only inadequate disposal is prohibited, but also efficient enforcement methods are adopted and aftercare is appropriately regulated in the country, making it obligatory to establish monitoring plans and implement mitigation techniques to avoid abandoning potentially contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice K M Morita
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil; Technological University of Uruguay (UTEC), ITR CS, Durazno, Uruguay.
| | - Carolina Ibelli-Bianco
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jamil A A Anache
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline V Coutinho
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Natalia S Pelinson
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nobrega
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil; Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Livia M P Rosalem
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Camila M C Leite
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Niviadonski
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Caroline Manastella
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Edson Wendland
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC-USP), São Carlos, Brazil
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38
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Bai Z, Wang Y, Shan M, Lv Y, Meng G, Zhu S, Pan D. Study on anti-scaling of landfill leachate treated by evaporation method. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:122-134. [PMID: 34280159 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) treatment of landfill leachate, scaling in the evaporator and heat exchanger poses a serious problem. This study explored the reasons for such scaling and proposed acid or ion-exchange pre-treatments to reduce the alkalinity of the landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate (LLNC) to prevent scaling. The feasibility of these two methods was evaluated and the technical and economic parameters for application were obtained via experiments. A large amount of HCO3- in the LLNC was the main cause of scaling. The acid addition experiment and field application demonstrated that this method could prevent fouling problems. The cost of acid addition was USD 0.18/t. LLNC pre-treatment by ion-exchange showed that a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin performed better than a strongly acidic cation-exchange resin did. The amount of solid residue under an alkalinity of 0 mg/L could be decreased by 92.9% compared with that of raw LLNC during evaporation. Both methods could alleviate scaling and enable the wide application of the MVR evaporation process in landfill leachate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongteng Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Mingjun Shan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Yanli Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Guangcai Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Siwei Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Dawei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
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Parvin F, Tareq SM. Impact of landfill leachate contamination on surface and groundwater of Bangladesh: a systematic review and possible public health risks assessment. APPLIED WATER SCIENCE 2021; 11:100. [PMID: 34094797 PMCID: PMC8164486 DOI: 10.1007/s13201-021-01431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dumping of solid waste in the non-engineered landfill is very common in the developing countries. Among the different disadvantages of this kind of landfilling, leachate is the major concern to public health, which is a toxic byproduct generated from the landfill; and can percolate to the ground water and consequently migrate in surface water. Using systematic review on published data, the present study endeavors to compare the leachate contamination potential of four major landfills of Bangladesh, named Amin Bazar, Matuail, Mogla Bazar and Rowfabad; which are situated in 3 of the 6 big mega cities of Bangladesh and assessed the effects of leachate leakage on surrounding water body as well as on human health. This study, for the first time calculated the leachate pollution index (LPI) for the landfill sites of Bangladesh and found that the LPI of Matuail landfill site (19.81) is much higher which is comparable to some polluted landfill sites of India and Malaysia. The concentrations of several potentially toxic metals found in the surface and ground water in the vicinity of the landfill sites were above the maximum permissible limit values of department of Environment, Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO). The human health risk index for toxic heavy metals in different vegetables and rice grain showed high health risk potential for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Mn. The total carcinogenic risk for Ni and Pb are found very high in the edible plants near those landfill sites, suggesting the risk of Ni and Pb induced carcinogenesis by the consumption of those plants. The present conditions of surface, ground water and agriculture products near the landfill sites of Bangladesh are much frightening to the biota and local inhabitants. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13201-021-01431-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Parvin
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Shafi M. Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
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Doaemo W, Dhiman S, Borovskis A, Zhang W, Bhat S, Jaipuria S, Betasolo M. Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Lae City, Papua New Guinea in the context of sustainable development. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2021; 23:18509-18539. [PMID: 33942012 PMCID: PMC8081651 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lae City (LC) of Morobe Province is the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea. Due to the abundant natural resources it inherits, the resultant urbanization has led to an influx of the human population. This increase in population as a result of industrialization has led to increased municipal solid waste (MSW) accumulation. To address this exigent issue, which affects the nation's carbon footprint, it is imperative to review socio-economic and geographic factors to establish a feasible approach for managing MSW efficiently and sustainably. In the quest to achieve the same, the present assessment focuses on the 3 core waste management hierarchy systems to support sustainable development for LC by reviewing existing opportunities and challenges associated with the current MSW management system and the associated policies. The result shows that as a sustainable approach to MSW management of LC, a zero-waste campaign for resource recovery engaging all stakeholders can be implemented since the organic content of MSW generated in LC is as high as 70%. Moreover, the dumping of MSW at the dedicated dumpsite site can be minimized if policies are strengthened and the proposed waste avoidance pathway is implemented strictly. In addition to this, to avoid the contamination of groundwater and recovery of methane, the use of the Fukuoka approach in the existing landfills has been suggested to capture leachate without any huge expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie Doaemo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Morobe Development Foundation, Doyle Street, Trish Avenue-Eriku, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
| | - Sahil Dhiman
- United Nations Volunteering Program, Morobe Development Foundation, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala, Patiala, Punjab 147004 India
| | - Alexander Borovskis
- United Nations Volunteering Program, Morobe Development Foundation, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Helixos (Sydney), Sydney, Australia
| | - Wenlan Zhang
- United Nations Volunteering Program, Morobe Development Foundation, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sumedha Bhat
- United Nations Volunteering Program, Morobe Development Foundation, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Srishti Jaipuria
- United Nations Volunteering Program, Morobe Development Foundation, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
- Urban Planning Department, College of Engineering, Pune, India
| | - Mirzi Betasolo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 00411 Papua New Guinea
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Vinti G, Bauza V, Clasen T, Medlicott K, Tudor T, Zurbrügg C, Vaccari M. Municipal Solid Waste Management and Adverse Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4331. [PMID: 33921868 PMCID: PMC8072713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) can pose a threat to public health if it is not safely managed. Despite prior research, uncertainties remain and refurbished evidence is needed along with new approaches. We conducted a systematic review of recently published literature to update and expand the epidemiological evidence on the association between MSW management practices and resident populations' health risks. Studies published from January 2005 to January 2020 were searched and reviewed following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible MSW treatment or disposal sites were defined as landfills, dumpsites, incinerators, waste open burning, transfer stations, recycling sites, composting plants, and anaerobic digesters. Occupational risks were not assessed. Health effects investigated included mortality, adverse birth and neonatal outcomes, cancer, respiratory conditions, gastroenteritis, vector-borne diseases, mental health conditions, and cardiovascular diseases. Studies reporting on human biomonitoring for exposure were eligible as well. Twenty-nine studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria of our protocol, assessing health effects only associated with proximity to landfills, incinerators, and dumpsites/open burning sites. There was some evidence of an increased risk of adverse birth and neonatal outcomes for residents near each type of MSW site. There was also some evidence of an increased risk of mortality, respiratory diseases, and negative mental health effects associated with residing near landfills. Additionally, there was some evidence of increased risk of mortality associated with residing near incinerators. However, in many cases, the evidence was inadequate to establish a strong relationship between a specific exposure and outcomes, and the studies rarely assessed new generation technologies. Evidence gaps remain, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vinti
- Department of Civil Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Valerie Bauza
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (V.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Thomas Clasen
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (V.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Kate Medlicott
- Department of Public Health, Environment and Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Terry Tudor
- SusConnect Ltd. Weedon Bec, Northamptonshire NN7 4PS, UK;
| | - Christian Zurbrügg
- Department of Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development (Sandec), Eawag—Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland;
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
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Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13073816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For the first time in the scientific literature, this research shows an analysis of the implementation of circular economy techniques under sustainable development framework in six municipalities with a depressed economy in Colombia. The analysis is based on solid waste data production at a local scale, the valuation of the waste for subsequent recycling, and the identification and quantification of the variables associated with the treatment and final disposal of waste, in accordance with the Colombian regulatory framework. Waste generation data are obtained considering three different scenarios, in which a comparison between the simulated values and those established in the management plans are compared. Important differences have been identified between the waste management programs of each municipality, specifically regarding the components of waste collection, transportation and disposal, participation of environmental reclaimers, and potential use of materials. These differences are fundamentally associated with the different administrative processes considered for each individual municipality. This research is a good starting point for the development of waste management models based on circular economy techniques, through the subsequent implementation of an office tool in depressed regions such as those studied.
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Chen W, Gu Z, Ran G, Li Q. Application of membrane separation technology in the treatment of leachate in China: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 121:127-140. [PMID: 33360812 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To comprehensively investigate the application of membrane separation technology in the treatment of landfill leachate in China, the performance of nearly 200 waste management enterprises of different sizes in China were analyzed, with an emphasis on their scale, regional features, processes, and economic characteristics. It was found that membrane separation technologies, mainly nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and NF + RO, have been used in China since 2004. The treatment capacity of the two most dominant membrane separation technologies, i.e., NF and RO, were both almost 60,000 m3/d in 2018, and both technologies are widely used in landfills and incineration plants. Their distribution is mainly concentrated in eastern and southwestern China, where the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) is relatively high and the economy is developing rapidly. Membrane separation technology is the preferred technique for the advanced treatment of leachate because more contaminants can be effectively removed by the technology than by other advanced processes. However, the membrane retentate that is produced using this technology-commonly known as leachate concentrate-is heavily contaminated due to the enrichment of almost all the inorganic anions, heavy metals, and organic matter that remain after bioprocessing. An economic cost analysis revealed that the operating cost of membrane separation technology has stabilized and is between 1.77 USD/m3 and 4.90 USD/m3; electricity consumption is the most expensive cost component. This review describes the current problems with the use of membrane separation technology and recommends strategies and solutions for its future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Zhepei Gu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Gang Ran
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
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Wen P, Huang Y, Qiu Z, Li Q. Microbial response during treatment of different types of landfill leachate in a semi-aerobic aged refuse biofilter. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127822. [PMID: 32799144 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this research, for the first time, three kinds of landfill leachate (young (YL), mature (ML) and mixed (MYL) leachate) were treated in a semi-aerobic aged refuse biofilter (SAARB) to compare the effectiveness of, and microbial changes in, this biofilter when treating leachates that have significantly different characteristics. The SAARB achieved stable removal of organic matter from all three leachates and reduced the concentrations of aromatic substances. The best treatment was achieved with YL, followed in order by MYL and ML. The removal of nitrogen from all three leachates by the SAARB was particularly significant. The microbial abundance and diversity in the media of the SAARB changed after treatment of the three leachates, and the order of change from small to large was ML# < MYL# < YL#. The microbial communities were mainly affected by (and negatively correlated to) the relative content of refractory organics in leachate. Proteobacteria was the dominant microorganism. Deinococcus-thermus responded most to the quality of leachate being treated, increasing in relative abundance as the content of refractory organics increased. This was opposite to the response of Chloroflexi. In YL# the dominant species at the genus level was Thauera, and in ML# the dominant species were Truepera and Iodidimonas. The microbial activity and metabolic intensity were enhanced after treatment of the different leachates. The expression of nitrification-related genes was the strongest and the total abundance was the highest when YL was treated. This study promotes the optimization and application of SAARB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Yuyu Huang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Zhongping Qiu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Qibin Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
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Microwave irradiation activated persulfate and hydrogen peroxide for the treatment of mature landfill leachate effluent from a membrane bioreactor. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Burman I, Sinha A. Anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor for treatment of synthetic leachate: Impact of organic loading rate and sludge fractions on membrane fouling. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 108:41-50. [PMID: 32335487 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the treatment of synthetic landfill leachate was carried out using a lab-scale anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor (An-HMBR). The reactor was operated for 250 days at two days of hydraulic retention time (HRT). Average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was ≥ 88% at steady-state conditions at 100% raw leachate. As organic loading rate (OLR) increased from 1.6 to 13.9 Kg COD m-3 d-1, flux gradually declined from 70 to 52 L/m2 h (LMH) within 250 days. Chemical membrane cleaning enhanced the flux up to 75% of the initial flux at the final stage of the reactor. Reversible fouling (>90%) dominated over irreversible fouling (<8%). Membrane fouling was mainly caused by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) fraction, which resulted in cake layer formation on the ceramic membrane used in the An-HMBR system. Membrane resistance increased with variables in the following order OLR > MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) > EPS > SMP (soluble microbial products). A nonlinear regression model developed for prediction of membrane resistance at different OLR can predict with an error of ±7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Burman
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Sinha
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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