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He R, Sun J, Bai X, Lin Q, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Dai K, Xu Z. A novel alginate-embedded magnetic biochar-anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria composite microspheres for multipollutant removal: Mechanisms of photo-bioelectrochemical enhancement and excellent reusability performance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118158. [PMID: 38224936 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Existing wastewater treatment technologies face the key challenge of simultaneously removing emerging contaminants and nutrients from wastewater efficiently, with a simplified technological process and minimized operational costs. In this study, a novel alginate-embedded magnetic biochar-anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria composite microspheres (CA-MBC-PSB microspheres) was prepared for efficient, cost-effective and one-step removal of antibiotics and NH4+-N from wastewater. Our results demonstrated that the CA-MBC-PSB microspheres removed 97.23% of sulfadiazine (SDZ) within 7 h and 91% of NH4+-N within 12 h, which were 21.23% and 38% higher than those achieved by pure calcium alginate-Rhodopseudomonas palustris microspheres (53% and 45.7%), respectively. The enhanced SDZ and NH4+-N removal were attributed to the enhanced photoheterotrophic metabolism and excretion of extracellular photosensitive active substances from R. Palustris through the photo-bioelectrochemical interaction between R. Palustris and magnetic biochar. The long-term pollutants removal performance of the CA-MBC-PSB microspheres was not deteriorated but continuously improved with increasing ruse cycles with a simultaneous removal efficiency of 99% for SDZ and 92% for NH4+-N after three cycles. The excellent stability and reusability were due to the fact that calcium alginate acts as an encapsulating agent preventing the loss and contamination of R. palustris biomass. The CA-MBC-PSB microspheres also exhibited excellent performance for simultaneous removal of SDZ (89% in 7 h) and NH4+-N (90.7% in 12 h) from the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plant, indicating the stable and efficient performance of CA-MBC-PSB microspheres in practical wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qintie Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kang Dai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Zhong X, Sun J, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Bai X, Lin Q, Dai K, Xu Z. Photochemical behaviors of sludge extracellular polymeric substances from bio-treated effluents towards antibiotic degradation: Distinguish the main photosensitive active component and its environmental implication. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133667. [PMID: 38325102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Activated sludge extracellular polymeric substances (ASEPSs) comprise most dissolved organic matters (DOMs) in the tail water. However, the understanding of the link between the photolysis of antibiotic and the photo-reactivity/photo-persistence of ASEPS components is limited. This study first investigated the photochemical behaviors of ASEPS's components (humic acids (HA), hydrophobic substances (HOS) and hydrophilic substances (HIS)) separated from municipal sludge's EPS (M-EPS) and nitrification sludge's EPS (N-EPS) in the photolysis of sulfadiazine (SDZ). The results showed that 60% of SDZ was removed by the M-EPS, but the effect in the separated components was weakened, and only 24% - 39% was degraded. However, 58% of SDZ was cleaned by HOS in N-EPS, which was 23% higher than full N-EPS. M-EPS components had lower steady-state concentrations of triplet intermediates (3EPS*), hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) than M-EPS, but N-EPS components had the highest concentrations (5.96 ×10-15, 8.44 ×10-18, 4.56 ×10-13 M, respectively). The changes of CO, C-O and O-CO groups in HA and HOS potentially correspond to reactive specie's generation. These groups change little in HIS, which may make it have radiation resistance. HCO-3 and NO-3 decreased the indirect photolysis of SDZ, and its by-product N-(2-Pyrimidinyl)1,4-benzenediamine presents high environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexian Zhong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qintie Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kang Dai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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3
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Lei P, Zhu J, Zhang J, He H, Chen M, Zhong H. Algal organic matter inhibits methylmercury photodegradation in eutrophic lake water: A dynamic study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165661. [PMID: 37474073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Algal organic matter (AOM) is a major component of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in eutrophic lakes and could impact the photodegradation of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in water. Predicting these effects, however, is challenging, largely due to the dynamic changes of AOM during algal decomposition. Here, we investigated the effects of AOM on MeHg photodegradation throughout the algal decomposition process and elucidated these effects by characterizing dynamic changes of AOM and exploring the respective roles of various reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results reveal that AOM derived from algal decomposition significantly inhibits MeHg photodegradation, and the extent of this inhibition varies depending on the specific lakes (8-21 %, p < 0.05) and their eutrophication states (16-28 %, p < 0.05). The inhibitory effect gradually weakened as the decomposition progressed, which may be attributed to the dynamic changes in the quantity and quality of AOM. Moreover, hydroxyl radical (·OH) was found to be the main contributor in driving MeHg photodegradation (15-23 %) during the early stages of decomposition (day 0-3), while in the later stage (day 12-24), the role of singlet oxygen (1O2, 15-20 %) and (3DOM*, 21-30 %) gradually strengthened and these three ROS jointly drove MeHg photodegradation. Based on our findings and recent studies, we propose that AOM derived from algal decomposition plays a vital role in increasing the risk of MeHg in eutrophic lakes. It promotes MeHg formation while simultaneously inhibiting its photodegradation. Integrating AOM-MeHg interactions into Hg biogeochemical cycling models would reduce uncertainties when predicting MeHg risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Suzhou Wuzhong Environmental Monitoring Station, Suzhou 215104, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingying Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Environmental and Life Science Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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4
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Hu W, Chen S, Hao H, Jiang H. Enhanced Photoreactivity of
MOFs
by Intercalating Interlayer Bands via Simultaneous −N=C=O and −
SCu
Modification. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Fei Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Hong‐Chao Hao
- Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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5
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Li Z, Dong D, Zhang L, Li Y, Guo Z. Effect of fulvic acid concentration levels on the cleavage of piperazinyl and defluorination of ciprofloxacin photodegradation in ice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119499. [PMID: 35597482 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ice is an important physical and chemical sink for various pollutants in cold regions. The photodegradation of emerging fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic contaminants with dissolved organic matter (DOM) in ice remains poorly understood. Here, the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and fulvic acid (FA) in different proportions as representative FQ and DOM in ice were investigated. Results suggested that the photodegradation rate constant of CIP in ice was 1.9 times higher than that in water. When CFA/CCIP ≤ 60, promotion was caused by FA sensitization. FA increased the formation rate of cleavage in the piperazine ring and defluorination products. When 60 < CFA/CCIP < 650, the effect of FA on CIP changed from promoting to inhibiting. When 650 ≤ CFA/CCIP ≤ 2600, inhibition was caused by both quenching effects of 143.9%-51.3% and light screening effects of 0%-48.7%. FA inhibited cleavage in the piperazine ring for CIP by the scavenging reaction intermediate of aniline radical cation in ice. When CFA/CCIP > 2600, the light screening effect was greater than the quenching effect. This work provides new insights into how DOM affects the FQ photodegradation with different concentration proportions, which is beneficial for understanding the environmental behaviors of fluorinated pharmaceuticals in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Deming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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The Intestinal and Biliary Metabolites of Ibuprofen in the Rat with Experimental Hyperglycemia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134000. [PMID: 35807248 PMCID: PMC9268267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is reported to be associated with oxidative stress. It can result in changes in the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes and membrane-integrated transporters, which can modify the fate of drugs and other xenobiotics; furthermore, it can result in the formation of non-enzyme catalyzed oxidative metabolites. The present work aimed to investigate how experimental hyperglycemia affects the intestinal and biliary appearance of the oxidative and Phase II metabolites of ibuprofen in rats. In vivo studies were performed by luminal perfusion of 250 μM racemic ibuprofen solution in control and streptozotocin-treated (hyperglycemic) rats. Analysis of the collected intestinal perfusate and bile samples was performed by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS. No oxidative metabolites could be detected in the perfusate samples. The biliary appearance of ibuprofen, 2-hydroxyibuprofen, ibuprofen glucuronide, hydroxylated ibuprofen glucuronide, and ibuprofen taurate was depressed in the hyperglycemic animals. However, no specific non-enzymatic (hydroxyl radical initiated) hydroxylation product could be detected. Instead, the depression of biliary excretion of ibuprofen and ibuprofen metabolites turned out to be the indicative marker of hyperglycemia. The observed changes impact the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered in hyperglycemic individuals.
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7
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Bavumiragira JP, Ge J, Yin H. Fate and transport of pharmaceuticals in water systems: A processes review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153635. [PMID: 35124044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are globally consumed by humans and animals to support daily health and to treat disease. Following consumption, they may reach the aquatic environment either directly through the discharge of untreated wastewater to water bodies, or indirectly via treated wastewater as a result of their incomplete removal from wastewater treatment plants. This paper reviews the processes that control the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in water systems, including sorption, photodegradation, hydrolysis and biodegradation. The degree to which these four processes occur is influenced by pharmaceutical types and their chemical structure as well as environmental factors such as sunlight, water depth, organic matter content, water chemistry, sediment properties, and type and abundance of microorganisms. Depending on the complex interactions of these factors, pharmaceutical compounds may be mineralized, partially degraded, or remain intact because they are resistant to degradation. Kinetic rate parameters and the half-life of a variety of pharmaceutical products are provided herein for the above processes under different environmental conditions. Usually, photodegradation and biodegradation represent dominant reaction processes, while hydrolysis only affects some pharmaceuticals, particularly antibiotics. The identified sorption and reaction rate parameters can be incorporated into a concise modeling framework to assess and predict longitudinal concentration profiles of pharmaceutical products in the manmade and natural systems, particularly when large amounts of pharmaceuticals are discharged during abnormal events such as a virus outbreak. Finally, future research is suggested, including the fate of transformed products (intermediates) in water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Pierre Bavumiragira
- UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jia'ning Ge
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hailong Yin
- UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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8
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Cheng Q, Hou X, Wang J, Wu Q, Li Z, Zhang W. Influence of suspended natural sands on the photolysis of ciprofloxacin in water. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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9
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Wang P, Bu L, Wu Y, Ma W, Zhu S, Zhou S. Mechanistic insight into the degradation of ibuprofen in UV/H 2O 2 process via a combined experimental and DFT study. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128883. [PMID: 33183784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the degradation kinetic and transformation mechanism of ibuprofen (IBP) in UV/H2O2 process from both experimental and theoretical aspects. Impacts of H2O2 dosage, solution pH, quenching agent, and concentration of nitrite (NO2-) on IBP degradation in UV/H2O2 process were evaluated. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations indicated that •OH played an important role in the degradation of IBP and its transformation products. The second-order rate constants of •OH and •NO2 with IBP were calculated as 3.93 × 109 M-1 s-1 and 5.59 × 10-3 M-1 s-1, based on the transition state theory, which explained the phenomenon that addition of NO2- inhibited IBP degradation. Further, according to the results of ultra-high-resolution mass and density functional theory calculations, mechanisms of a detailed degradation pathway for IBP were clarified. Namely, the detailed mechanistic formation pathways for hydroxylated and keto-based products were proposed. Then, possible active sites of the keto-based products, as well as the corresponding subsequent products were predicted by Condensed Fukui Function. Our study can broaden the knowledge of the reactions of emerging contaminants with •OH, and provide theoretical foundation for the optimization of UV/H2O2 process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Lingjun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Yangtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wangchi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Eficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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10
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Qiu J, Zhang T, Zhu F, Ouyang G. In vivo monitoring and exposure potency assessment of phase I metabolism of fenthion in vegetables. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123013. [PMID: 32526427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the phase I metabolism of fenthion was monitored in three common vegetables in different chamber situations via an in vivo solid-phase microextraction method. The phase I metabolic pathways of fenthion were evaluated based on the in vivo monitoring results and their comparisons among the chamber situations. Enzyme catalysis was found to play a basic and dominant role, whereas light catalysis could promote subsequent transformations that were difficult for enzyme catalysis. Moreover, according to the concentrations of the metabolites and their toxicity, the total concentrations and total toxicity weighted concentrations were calculated to reveal actual residual levels. The relative total and weighted exposure potency values were calculated to account for the fact that only the parent pesticide was considered in the diet exposure risk assessment. In result, both total and weighted approaches indicated a much higher exposure risk. Present study uncovered the potential pesticide exposure risk associated with phase I metabolism and highlighted the toxicity weighted approach, both of which more realistically reflect the exposure risk than the parent compound concentration does. In general, this study may facilitate further illustrating the phase I metabolism of ubiquitous agricultural pesticides, and provide a more realistically understanding of their exposure risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Tianlang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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11
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Gou C, Wu W, Wang H, Zeng Q. Solar photocatalytic degradation of thidiazuron in Yangtze River water matrix by Ag/AgCl-AC at circumneutral condition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40857-40869. [PMID: 32677010 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the degradation of pollutants in real water environment is not only challenging but also has practical value. This paper focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of thidiazuron (TDZ), a popular defoliant, using Ag/AgCl-AC (Ag@AC 2:1); AC stands for activated carbon) in a matrix of Yangtze River water under sunlight irradiation. The prepared composite catalyst exhibits excellent performance in TDZ degradation under near neutral condition, the degradation rate reaches 94% in 200 min under solar irradiation. The common inorganic anions (SO42-, Cl-, and HCO3-) and cations (Ca2+, Cu2+, and Mg2+) show inhibitory effect of different degrees on TDZ degradation. Humic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid also have an effect on the photocatalytic degradation of TDZ. With the increase of humic acid concentration, there is enhancement of inhibitory effect. As for fulvic acid, its effect is complex due to competitive adsorption and photoinduction action. The degradation products as identified by UHPLC-MS are mainly CO2, SO2, and H2O, indicating that the degradation was thorough. The reusability test of four runs reveals that the performance of the photocatalytic system is stable. The results demonstrate that sunlight can be well utilized for the photocatalytic degradation of TDZ. The study offers a cheap and effective approach for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in circumneutral water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisi Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changsong Gou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjian Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
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12
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KAWABATA K, UCHIKATA T, MATSUMOTO K, NISHI H. UV Cut-Off Filter of a Photodiode Array Detector Improves the Quantitativity of L-Ascorbic Acid Through Its Photoprotection. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2020. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2020.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takato UCHIKATA
- LC Business Unit, Life Science Business Department, Analytical and Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation
| | - Keiko MATSUMOTO
- LC Business Unit, Life Science Business Department, Analytical and Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation
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13
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Abd-El-Aziz AS, Abdelghani AA, El-Ghezlani EG, Abou El-Ezz D, Abdel-Rahman LH. Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Organoiron Dendrimers as Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000242. [PMID: 33063474 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel and attractive class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial organoiron dendrimers attached to the well-known drug ibuprofen is achieved. The structures of these dendrimers are established by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The antimicrobial activity of these dendrimers is investigated and tested against five human pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and minimum inhibitory concentrations are reported. Some of these synthesized dendrimers exhibit higher inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, and Staphylococcus warneri compare to the reference drugs. As well, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of these dendrimers are evaluated. The results of in vivo anti-inflammatory activity and histopathology of inflamed paws show that all dendrimers display considerable anti-inflammatory activity; however, second-generation dendrimer (G2-D6) shows the best anti-inflammatory activity, which is more potent than the commercial drug ibuprofen at the same tested dose. Results of the toxicity study reveal that G2-D6 is the safest drug on biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S Abd-El-Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Amani A Abdelghani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ebtehal G El-Ghezlani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Doaa Abou El-Ezz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA University), Giza, 12566, Egypt
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14
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Pozdnyakov IP, Tyutereva YE, Parkhats MV, Grivin VP, Fang Y, Liu L, Wan D, Luo F, Chen Y. Mechanistic investigation of humic substances assisted photodegradation of imipramine under simulated sunlight. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:140298. [PMID: 32806347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imipramine (IMI) is a frequently prescribed tricyclic antidepressant and widely detected in the natural waters, while the environmental fate of IMI is yet poorly understood. Here, we investigated the photodegradation of IMI under simulated sunlight in the presence of humic substances (HS), typically including humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA). The direct and indirect IMI photodegradation was found to increase both with increasing pH and with deoxygenation of the reaction solutions. The excited triplet state of HS (3HS⁎) was mainly responsible for the photosensitized degradation of IMI according to the steady-state quenching and direct time-resolved experiments. The electron transfer interaction between 3HS⁎ and IMI was observed by laser flash photolysis (LFP) with bimolecular reaction rate constants of (4.9 ± 0.4) × 109 M-1 s-1. Evidence of electron transfer from IMI to 3HS⁎ was further demonstrated by the photoproduct analysis. The indirect photodegradation was triggered off in the side chain of IMI with the nonbonding nitrogen electron transferring to 3HS⁎, followed by hydroxylation, demethylation and cleavage of the side chain. Very important that HS photosystem does not lose its efficiency with decreasing of IMI concentration, meaning that the studied photosystem still be used at environmentally relevant concentrations of IMI. These results suggest that photodegradation could be an important attenuation pathway for IMI in HS-rich and anaerobic natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P Pozdnyakov
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya E Tyutereva
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V Parkhats
- B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vyacheslav P Grivin
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yuan Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China.
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15
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Modiri Gharehveran M, Hain E, Blaney L, Shah AD. Influence of dissolved organic matter on carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide formation from cysteine during sunlight photolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1852-1864. [PMID: 32966465 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are important atmospheric gases that are formed from organic sulfur precursors present in natural waters when exposed to sunlight. However, it remains unclear how specific water constituents, such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), affect COS and CS2 formation. To better understand the role of DOM, irradiation experiments were conducted in O2-free synthetic waters containing four different DOM isolates, acquired from freshwater to open ocean sources, and the sulfur-based amino acid, cysteine (CYS). CYS is a known natural precursor of COS and CS2. Results indicated that COS formation did not vary strongly with DOM type, although small impacts were observed on the kinetic patterns. COS formation also increased with increasing CYS concentration but decreased with increasing DOM concentration. Quenching experiments indicated that ˙OH was not involved in the rate-limiting step of COS formation, whereas excited triplet states of DOM (3CDOM*) were plausibly involved, although the quenching agents used to remove 3CDOM* may have reacted with the CYS-derived intermediates as well. CS2 was not formed under any of the experimental conditions. Overall, DOM-containing synthetic waters had a limited to no effect towards forming COS and CS2, especially when compared to the higher concentrations formed in sunlit natural waters, as examined previously. The reasons behind this limited effect need to be explored further but may be due to the additional water quality constituents present in these natural waters. The findings of this study imply that multiple variables beyond DOM govern COS and CS2 photoproduction when moving from freshwaters to open ocean waters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ethan Hain
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lee Blaney
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amisha D Shah
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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16
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Jiao X, Li Z, He J, Wang C. Enhanced photodegradation of applied dithianon fungicides on plant leaves by dissolved substances in atmosphere under simulated sunlight. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126807. [PMID: 32334257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photolysis of pesticides has been widely investigated for evaluating their environmental behavior and agricultural effectiveness after crop spraying. However, little information about the effects of the water-soluble substances in atmosphere on photodegradation of pesticides is available. In current study, we found that photolysis of applied dithianon fungicides on real plant leaves was much faster than that in sealed stock aqueous suspensions under simulated sunlight. To simulate the natural conditions, for the first time, photodegradation of dithianon in air-saturated solutions containing typical dissolved atmospheric substances (DAS) including CO2 (HCO3-/CO32-), NO2 (NO3-), Fe3+ (Fe3+-complexes), and humic-like substances (HULIS) exposed to simulated solar irradiations were carried out in lab-scale. Fulvic acid (FA) was used as a surrogate for atmospheric HULIS in this study. The dithianon photodegradation was significantly enhanced in the presence of DAS and the photo-generated reactive species such as ·OH, 1O2, CO3·- and 3FA∗ play important roles according to the results of reactive species quenching, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and laser flash photolysis experiments. Moreover, the photodegraded intermediates and final products of dithianon on plant leaves have been identified by HPLC-MS analysis, and its possible photodegradation pathways were proposed. This work indicated that, except for direct photolysis, indirect photosensitive degradation induced by the dissolved photo-active substances in atmosphere should be considered for evaluating the degradation of the applied pesticides on crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham-Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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17
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Kawabata K, Akimoto S, Inagaki M, Nishi H. Evaluation of pranoprofen photodegradation induced by ultraviolet-light irradiation in aqueous media. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1811728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kawabata
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiori Akimoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
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18
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Xu J, Kralles ZT, Hart CH, Dai N. Effects of Sunlight on the Formation Potential of Dichloroacetonitrile and Bromochloroacetonitrile from Wastewater Effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:3245-3255. [PMID: 32068383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight plays an important role in transforming effluent organic matter as wastewater effluents travel downstream, but the corresponding effects on the formation of haloacetonitriles (HANs), a group of toxic disinfection byproducts, in wastewater-impacted surface water have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we observed that sunlight preferentially attenuated the formation potential of bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN-FP) over that of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN-FP) in chlorine- and UV-disinfected secondary effluents. For four effluent samples from different plants, 36 h of irradiation by simulated sunlight removed 28-33% of DCAN-FP and 41-48% of BCAN-FP. Across a larger set of effluent samples (n = 18), 8 h of irradiation (equivalent to 2-3 d of natural sunlight) decreased the calculated cytotoxicity contributed by dihaloacetonitrile-FP in most samples. Similar behavior was observed for a mixture of wastewater and surface water (volume ratio 1:1). For UV-disinfected effluents, the higher the UV dose, the more likely was there a reduction in DCAN-FP and BCAN-FP in the subsequent sunlight irradiation. Experiments with model compounds showed that fulvic acid and UV photoproducts of tryptophan yield excited triplet-state organic matters during sunlight irradiation and play an important role in promoting the attenuation of HAN precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Xu
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Zachary T Kralles
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Christine H Hart
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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19
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Effect of dissociation constant (pKa) of natural organic matter on photo-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Gong Z, Yang Y, Wang M, Lu K, Liu P, Wang H, Gao S. Degradation of acetaminophen in photo-enzyme coupling system with natural organic matters from different sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135246. [PMID: 31787307 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (AAP) is one of the most commonly prescribed over-the-counter drugs with wide distribution in surface water, which has attracted great attention around the world. Photodegradation and enzymatic transformation are important processes for the removal of AAP in water. The influence of natural organic matter (NOM) from different sources on the transformation of AAP by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in sunlit water was systematically studied. NOM can effectively promote the combined degradation rate of AAP in photo-enzyme coupling system (PECS), and the promotion extents of different NOMs were dependent on their aromaticity and average molecular weights. NOM with low aromaticity and low average molecular weight is more effective. In order to disclose the underlying effects of NOM clearly, the reaction mechanism was clarified through the determination of the photodegradation constant and enzymatic reaction constant. The effect of NOM structure on the photo-enzymatic transformation of AAP was quantified, which showed significant positive correlation with the SUVA254 and E2/E3 of NOM. Further investigation revealed that the amount of H2O2 generated by NOM from different sources was also closely related to SUVA254 and E2/E3 of NOM. The findings will facilitate understanding the environmental fate of AAP and other pharmaceutical products in natural water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Mengjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Kun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Shixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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21
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Padilla Villavicencio M, Escobedo Morales A, Ruiz Peralta MDL, Sánchez-Cantú M, Rojas Blanco L, Chigo Anota E, Camacho García JH, Tzompantzi F. Ibuprofen Photodegradation by Ag2O and Ag/Ag2O Composites Under Simulated Visible Light Irradiation. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Carena L, Puscasu CG, Comis S, Sarakha M, Vione D. Environmental photodegradation of emerging contaminants: A re-examination of the importance of triplet-sensitised processes, based on the use of 4-carboxybenzophenone as proxy for the chromophoric dissolved organic matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124476. [PMID: 31404736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photoreactions sensitised by the excited triplet states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*) are very important in the photochemical attenuation of emerging contaminants in natural waters. Until quite recently, anthraquinone-2-sulphonate (AQ2S) was the only available CDOM proxy molecule to estimate the contaminant reaction kinetics with 3CDOM*, under steady-state irradiation conditions. Unfortunately, the AQ2S triplet state (3AQ2S*) is considerably more reactive than average 3CDOM*. We have recently developed an alternative protocol based on 4-carboxybenzophenone (CBBP), the triplet state of which (3CBBP*) is less reactive compared to 3AQ2S*. Here we show that in the case of ibuprofen (IBP), paracetamol (APAP) and clofibric acid (CLO), the reaction rate constants with 3CBBP* are more reasonable as 3CDOM* reactivity estimates than those obtained by using AQ2S. In contrast, similar rate constants are measured for the reaction of atrazine (ATZ) with either 3AQ2S* or 3CBBP*. Moreover, the reactivity of ATZ with both 3AQ2S* and 3CBBP* is very similar to that with 3CDOM*, available through a literature estimate. The possibility to validate the ATZ-3CBBP* reactivity estimate against the 3CDOM* data, and to accurately predict the reported IBP and CLO field lifetime, support the suitability of CBBP as CDOM proxy. The replacement of AQ2S with CBBP as proxy molecule does not reverse the qualitative prediction, according to which 3CDOM* would be the main process involved in the photodegradation of the studied contaminants in waters with high dissolved organic carbon (DOC). However, the CBBP-based data prompt for an important reconsideration of the estimated lifetimes at high DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Carena
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Cezara G Puscasu
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Comis
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Mohamed Sarakha
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, F-63177, Aubière, France
| | - Davide Vione
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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23
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Huang WC, Du Y, Liu M, Hu HY, Wu QY, Chen Y. Influence of UV irradiation on the toxicity of chlorinated water to mammalian cells: Toxicity drivers, toxicity changes and toxicity surrogates. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 165:115024. [PMID: 31473357 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
UV irradiation was reported to be able to degrade some kinds of DBPs, yet its influence on the toxicity of chlorinated water to mammalian cells remains unknown. This study systematically investigated the influence of low-pressure UV irradiation on the DBPs and toxicity of chlorinated drinking water (DW) and reclaimed water (RW). The apparent first-order rate constant (kobs) of degradation kinetics of known DBPs increased with the increased Br substitutions. Haloacetonitriles were identified as toxicity drivers among the detected DBPs, which even contributed more to the toxicity after UV irradiation, mainly due to the refractory bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN) and dichloroacetonitrile (dCAN). Both total organic halogen, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were significantly removed under UV irradiation, with the removal rate of 22.9%-41.7% for cytotoxicity and a higher rate of 33.1%-55.5% for genotoxicity under 2400 mJ/cm2 irradiation. UV irradiation significantly decreased the UV254, SUVA254 and fluorescence intensity (FLU) of chlorinated water. Results from high performance size exclusion chromatography revealed that chlorinated DW mainly contained high molecular weight (MW) compounds (>1000 Da) while chlorinated RW mainly contained lower MW compounds (100-500 Da). Chromophores and fluorophores in compounds of 100-500 Da increased in chlorinated DW while decreased in chlorinated RW under UV irradiation. Both the removal of UV254, SUVA254, FLU, MW-based UV254 (>1000 Da) and MW-based FLU (each fractions) were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the removal of toxicity under UV irradiation. The UV254 of chlorinated water was recommended as the optimal surrogate for toxicity removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Huang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Ye Du
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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24
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Pavitt AS, Tratnyek PG. Electrochemical characterization of natural organic matter by direct voltammetry in an aprotic solvent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:1664-1683. [PMID: 31576393 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00313d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The complex and indeterminant composition of NOM makes characterization of its redox properties challenging. Approaches that have been taken to address this challenge include chemical probe reactions, potentiometric titrations, chronocoulometry, and voltammetry. In this study, we revisit the use of direct voltammetric methods in aprotic solvents by applying an expanded and refined suite of methods to a large set of NOM samples and model compounds (54 NOM samples from 10 different sources, 7 NOM model compounds, and 2 fresh extracts of plant materials that are high in redox-active quinonoid model compounds dissolved in DMSO). Refinements in the methods of fitting the data obtained by staircase cyclic voltammetry (SCV) provided improved definition of peaks, and square wave voltammetry (SWV), performed under the same conditions as SCV, provided even more reliable identification and quantitation of peaks. Further evidence is provided that DMSO improves the electrode response by unfolding some of the tertiary structure of NOM polymers, thereby allowing greater contact between redox active functional groups and the electrode surface. We averaged experimental peak potentials for all NOM compounds and calculated potentials in water. Average values for Epa1, Epc1, and Ep1 in DMSO were -0.866 ± 0.069, -1.35 ± 0.071, and -0.831 ± 0.051 V vs. Ag/Ag+, and -0.128, -0.613, and -0.0930 V vs. SHE in water. In addition to peak potentials, the breadth of SCV peaks was quantified as a way to characterize the degree to which the redox activity of NOM is due to a continuum of contributing functional groups. The average breadth values were 1.63 ± 0.24, 1.28 ± 0.34, and 0.648 ± 0.15 V for Epa1, Epc1, and Ep1 respectively. Comparative analysis of the overall dataset-from SCV and SWV on all NOMs and model compounds-revealed that NOM redox properties vary over a narrower range than expected based on model compound properties. This lack of diversity in redox properties of NOM is similar to conclusions from other recent work on the molecular structure of NOM, all of which could be the result of selectivity in the common extraction methods used to obtain the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania S Pavitt
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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25
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Yu Q, Xiong X, He J, Zuo Y, Chen Y, Wang C. Photolysis of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in aqueous solutions at the presence of natural water photoreactive constituents under simulated sunlight irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:26797-26806. [PMID: 31300990 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photolysis of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) under simulated sunlight in the presence of the natural water photoreactive constituents was investigated. The presence of nitrate or ferric ions facilitated the photodegradation of DEHP via oxidation by generation of •OH. The fulvic acids (FAs), at low concentrations, promoted the photolysis of DEHP via energy transfer from the photoreaction-generated 3FA*. However, the DEHP photolysis was inhibited with high concentrations of FAs since the excess FAs at the surface of solution could act as light screening agents to keep FAs in bulk solution from the light irradiation, further reducing the 3FA* generation. When low concentrations of FAs and chloride ions coexist, the reactive chloride species Cl• and Cl2•- could generate via energy transfer from 3FA* to chloride ions and react with DEHP to enhance its degradation. Furthermore, the direct and •OH-initiated DEHP photodegraded intermediates and end products were identified by HPLC-MS2 and its corresponding photolysis pathways were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiyao Xiong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Yuegang Zuo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA, 02747, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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26
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Patel M, Kumar R, Kishor K, Mlsna T, Pittman CU, Mohan D. Pharmaceuticals of Emerging Concern in Aquatic Systems: Chemistry, Occurrence, Effects, and Removal Methods. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3510-3673. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 827] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manvendra Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kamal Kishor
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Todd Mlsna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles U. Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Noutsopoulos C, Koumaki E, Sarantopoulos V, Mamais D. Analytical and mathematical assessment of emerging pollutants fate in a river system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:48-58. [PMID: 30339932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fate of several emerging pollutants in a Greek river system was assessed through analytical measurements and mathematical modelling. Target compounds selected in this study consist of five endocrine disrupting chemicals and four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Two sampling campaigns were implemented to assess target compounds concentrations along the river system during dry period. Furthermore a mathematical model was developed in order to simulate the spatial distribution of target compounds concentration. The mathematical model describes several abiotic and biotic processes (sorption, photodegradation, biodegradation, biotransformation) in order to account for the removal of target compounds. Following sensitivity analysis, the model was calibrated and validated against measured values. Environmental risk assessment was performed based on both analytical measurements and simulation results. Uncertainty analysis was also conducted by applying Monte Carlo technique. According to the results the simulation data matched very satisfactorily with the analytical measurements, thus confirming the main experimental observations showing that the primary removal mechanism for the photo-sensitive chemicals is photodegradation, the latter being mostly influenced by weather conditions and river general quality characteristics (e.g. chlorophyll, turbidity). Model results demonstrate a gradual increase of uncertainty from the upstream to the downstream of the river system for all target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Noutsopoulos
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elena Koumaki
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Sarantopoulos
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel Mamais
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
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Kumar A, Sharma G, Naushad M, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Kumar A, Hira I, Ahamad T, Ghfar AA, Stadler FJ. Visible photodegradation of ibuprofen and 2,4-D in simulated waste water using sustainable metal free-hybrids based on carbon nitride and biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 231:1164-1175. [PMID: 30602241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rational designing of metal-free carbon nitride based photocatalysts can lead to an excellent optical response and a higher photocatalytic activity driven by visible and solar light. This combines green photocatalytic technology with greener materials prepared by facile approaches for environmental remediation. Herein we report utilization of star photocatalyst g-C3N4 (CN) to form highly efficient hetero-assemblies along with acidified g-C3N4 (ACN), polyaniline (PANI), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and biochar. By use of these organic semiconductors we synthesize g-C3N4/ACN/RGO@Biochar (GARB), g-C3N4/PANI/RGO@Biochar (GPRB) and ACN/PANI/RGO@Biochar (APRB) nano-assemblies with different optical response and band edge positions for a better charge flow and reduced recombination of carriers. These synthesized catalysts were used for visible light powered degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and ibuprofen (IBN). APRB performs the best and degrades 99.7% and 98.4% of 2,4-D and IBN (20 mg L-1) under Xe lamp exposure in 50 min and retention of high activity in natural sunlight. Optical analysis, photoelectrochemical response and radical quenching studies show both hydroxyl and superoxide radical anions as major reactive species and a Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism. RGO acts as an electron mediator and protects higher positioned bands of PANI and ACN in APRB for a remarkable photocatalytic activity for a metal free material. The degradation pathway was analyzed by LC-MS analysis and 42% and 40% total organic carbon was removed in 2 h for 2,4-D and IBN degradation respectively. The toxicity of degraded products was analyzed by analyzing viability of human peripheral blood cells with retaining of 99.1% cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Mu Naushad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Building#5, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala'a H Al-Muhtaseb
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ajay Kumar
- School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Indu Hira
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Building#5, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Ghfar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Building#5, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Florian J Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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29
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Nurmi TMA, Kiljunen TK, Knuutinen JS. A fugacity model assessment of ibuprofen, diclofenac, carbamazepine, and their transformation product concentrations in an aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:328-341. [PMID: 30397752 PMCID: PMC6318256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
An updated version of FATEMOD, a multimedia fugacity model for environmental fate of organic chemicals, was set up to assess environmental behaviour of three pharmaceuticals in northern Lake Päijänne, Finland. Concentrations of ibuprofen, diclofenac, and carbamazepine were estimated at various depths at two sites: near a wastewater treatment plant and 3.5 km downstream the plant. When compared with environmental sampling data from corresponding depths and sites, the predicted concentrations, ranging from nanograms to hundreds of nanograms per litre, were found to be in good agreement. Weather data were utilised with the model to rationalise the effects of various environmental parameters on the sampling results, and, e.g. the roles of various properties of lake dynamics and photodegradation were identified. The new model also enables simultaneous assessment of transformation products. Environmentally formed transformation product concentrations were estimated to be at highest an order of magnitude lower than those of the parent compounds, and unlikely to reach a detectable level. However, a possibility that conjugates of ibuprofen are present at higher levels than the parent compound was identified. Simulation results suggest that environmental degradation half-lives of the inspected contaminants under stratified lake conditions are in the range of some weeks to months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas M A Nurmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Toni K Kiljunen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha S Knuutinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Abstract
Bismuth oxyhalides have recently gained attention for their promise as photocatalysts. Due to their layered structure, these materials present fascinating and highly desirable physicochemical properties including visible light photocatalytic capability and improved charge separation. While bismuth oxyhalides have been rigorously evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes and many synthesis strategies have been employed to enhance this property, relatively little work has been done to test them against pharmaceuticals and pesticides. These persistent organic pollutants are identified as emerging concerns by the EPA and effective strategies must be developed to combat them. Here, we review recent work directed at characterizing the nature of the interactions between bismuth oxyhalides and persistent organic pollutants using techniques including LC-MS/MS for the determination of photocatalytic degradation intermediates and radical scavenging to determine active species during photocatalytic degradation. The reported investigations indicate that the high activity of bismuth oxyhalides for the breakdown of persistent organic pollutants from water can be largely attributed to the strong oxidizing power of electron holes in the valence band. Unlike conventional catalysts like TiO2, these catalysts can also function in ambient solar conditions. This suggests a much wider potential use for these materials as green catalysts for industrial photocatalytic transformation, particularly in flow chemistry applications.
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31
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KAWABATA K, AKIMOTO S, NISHI H. Cis-Trans Isomerization Reaction of Sulindac Induced by UV Irradiation in the Aqueous Media. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2018.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiori AKIMOTO
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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32
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Wan D, Chen Y, Su J, Liu L, Zuo Y. Ultraviolet absorption redshift induced direct photodegradation of halogenated parabens under simulated sunlight. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 142:46-54. [PMID: 29859391 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As disinfection by-products of parabens, halogenated parabens are frequently detected in aquatic environments and exhibit higher persistence and toxicity than parabens themselves. An interesting phenomenon was found that UV absorption redshift (∼45 nm) occurs after halogenation of parabens at circumneutral pH, leading to overlap with the spectrum of terrestrial sunlight. This work presents the first evidence on the direct photodegradation of seven chlorinated and brominated parabens under simulated sunlight. These halogenated parabens underwent rapid direct photodegradation, distinguished from the negligible degradation of the parent compounds. The photodegradation rate depended on their forms and substituents. The deprotonation of halogenated parabens facilitated the direct photodegradation. Brominated parabens exhibited higher degradation efficiency than chlorinated parabens, and mono-halogenated parabens had higher degradation than di-halogenated parabens. The pseudo-first-order rate constants (kobs) for brominated parabens (0.075-0.120 min-1) were approximately 7-fold higher than those of chlorinated parabens (0.011-0.017 min-1). A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model suggested that the photodegradation was linearly correlated with the C-X bond energies, electronic and steric effects of halogen substituents. The photodegradation products were identified using QTOF-MS analyses and a degradation pathway was proposed. The yeast two-hybrid estrogenicity assay revealed that the estrogenic activities of the photoproducts were negligible. These findings are important for the removal of halogenated parabens and predictions of their fate and potential impacts in surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jing Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuegang Zuo
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300, USA
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33
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Niu XZ, Moore EG, Croué JP. Excited Triplet State Interactions of Fluoroquinolone Norfloxacin with Natural Organic Matter: A Laser Spectroscopy Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10426-10432. [PMID: 30137970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In sunlit waters, the fate of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is significantly impacted by photodegradation. The mechanism of how natural organic matter (NOM) participates in the reaction has been frequently studied but still remains unclear. In this work, the interactions between the excited triplet state of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfloxacin (3NOR*) and a variety of NOM extracts were investigated using time-resolved laser spectroscopy. The observed transient absorption spectrum of 3NOR* showed a maximum at ca. 600 nm, and global fitting gave a lifetime of 1.0 μs for 3NOR* in phosphate buffer at pH = 7.5. Quenching of 3NOR* by Suwannee River hydrophobic acids (HPO), Beaufort River HPO, and Gartempe River HPO yielded rate constants of 1.8, 2.6, and 4.5 (×107 molC-1 s-1) respectively, whereas HPO from South Platte River unexpectedly increased the lifetime of 3NOR* with an as yet unknown mechanism. Concurrent photodegradation experiments of NOR (5 μM) in the presence of these NOM were also performed using a sunlight simulator. In general, the effects of NOM on the photodegradation rate of NOR were in agreement with observations from transient absorption studies. We suggest that adsorption of NOR to NOM is one of the major factors contributing to the observed quenching. These results yield a new insight into the likely role of NOM in sunlight-induced degradation of micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Zhi Niu
- Curtin Water Quality Research Centre, Department of Chemistry , Curtin University , GPO Box U1987, Perth , Western Australia 6845 , Australia
| | - Evan G Moore
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , University of Queensland , St Lucia, Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Jean-Philippe Croué
- Curtin Water Quality Research Centre, Department of Chemistry , Curtin University , GPO Box U1987, Perth , Western Australia 6845 , Australia
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34
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Zhou Z, Chen B, Qu X, Fu H, Zhu D. Dissolved Black Carbon as an Efficient Sensitizer in the Photochemical Transformation of 17β-Estradiol in Aqueous Solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10391-10399. [PMID: 30130961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) is an important component of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool. Nonetheless, little is known about its role in the photochemical processes of organic contaminants. This study investigated the effect of DBC on the phototransformation of 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions under simulated sunlight. Four well-studied dissolved humic substances (DHS) were included as comparisons. DBC acted as a very effective sensitizer to facilitate the phototransformation of 17β-estradiol. The apparent quantum yield for 17β-estradiol phototransformation mediated by DBC was approximately six times higher than that by DHS at the same carbon concentration. Quenching experiments suggested that direct reaction with triplet-excited state DBC (3DBC*) was the predominant pathway of 17β-estradiol phototransformation. The higher mediation efficiency of DBC than DHS is likely due to the higher contents of aromatic groups and smaller molecular sizes, which facilitated the generation of 3DBC*. The apparent quantum yield of triplet-excited states production for DBC was 4-8 times higher than that for DHS. The results suggest that 3DBC* may have a considerable contribution to the overall photoreactivity of triplet-excited state DOM in aquatic systems. Our findings also imply that DBC can play an important role in the phototransformation of organic contaminants in the environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210046 , China
| | - Beining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210046 , China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210046 , China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210046 , China
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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35
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Arthur RB, Bonin JL, Ardill LP, Rourk EJ, Patterson HH, Stemmler EA. Photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen over BiOCl nanosheets with identification of intermediates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 358:1-9. [PMID: 29945020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis directed at the removal of persistent organic pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, has been the subject of intense recent research. Bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) has emerged as a potential alternative to traditional photocatalysts and has shown competitive removal efficiencies. However, pathways responsible for BiOCl photodegradation have not been well characterized. The present work is the first to determine, using LC-MS/MS analysis, the pathways by which BiOCl removes ibuprofen (IBP) from water. HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS analyses show that BiOCl converts IBP to two primary photochemical products, 4-isobutylacetophenone (IBAP) and 1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethanol (IBPE). The reactivity for BiOCl is attributed to interactions of the carboxylic acid group of IBP with holes in the valence band. Hydroxylated-IBP was not detected in BiOCl photocatalytic degradation experiments which would be expected in a process driven by the formation and reactivity of reactive oxygen species. These data were used to formulate a photocatalytic degradation pathway for IBP and highlight the importance of studying both primary and secondary degradation reactions for photocatalytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Arthur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, United States
| | - Jesse L Bonin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, United States
| | - Luke P Ardill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, United States
| | - Ellery J Rourk
- Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, 04011, United States
| | - Howard H Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, United States.
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36
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Karci A, Wurtzler EM, de la Cruz AA, Wendell D, Dionysiou DD. Solar photo-Fenton treatment of microcystin-LR in aqueous environment: Transformation products and toxicity in different water matrices. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 349:282-292. [PMID: 29454260 PMCID: PMC6734565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transformation products and toxicity patterns of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a common cyanotoxin in freshwaters, during degradation by solar photo-Fenton process were studied in the absence and presence of two major water components, namely fulvic acid and alkalinity. The transformation products m/z 795, 835, 515/1030 and 532 can be formed through attack of OH on the conjugated carbon double bonds of Adda. Transformation products with m/z 1010, 966 and 513 can be generated through the attack of OH on the methoxy group of Adda. The transformation products m/z 783, 508 and 1012 can be originated from the attack of OH on the cyclic structure of MC-LR. Transformation products (m/z 522, 1028, 1012, 1046 and 514) formed after hydroxylation of the aromatic ring with OH were also identified in this study. The toxicity study revealed that fulvic acid and alkalinity strongly influence the toxicity profiles of solar photo-Fenton treated MC-LR. Fulvic acid enhanced the detoxification whereas low level total alkalinity (1.8 mg L-1 CaCO3) inhibited the detoxification of MC-LR by solar photo-Fenton process as assessed by protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1) inhibition assay. This work provides insights on the utility of solar photo-Fenton destruction of MC-LR in water based on transformation products and toxicity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akin Karci
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Wurtzler
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Armah A de la Cruz
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - David Wendell
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA.
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37
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Li S, Hu J. Transformation products formation of ciprofloxacin in UVA/LED and UVA/LED/TiO 2 systems: Impact of natural organic matter characteristics. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:320-330. [PMID: 29339304 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of natural organic matter (NOM) in contaminants removal by photolysis and photocatalysis has aroused increasing interest. However, evaluation of the influence of NOM characteristics on the transformation products (TPs) formation and transformation pathways of contaminants has rarely been performed. This study investigated the decomposition kinetics, mineralization, TPs formation and transformation pathways of antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP) during photolysis and photocatalysis in the presence of three commercial NOM isolates (Sigma-Aldrich humic acid (SAHA), Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA) and Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM)) by using UVA light emitting diode (UVA/LED) as an alternative light source. NOM isolates insignificantly affected CIP photolysis but strongly inhibited CIP photocatalysis due to competitive radical quenching. The inhibitory effect followed the order of SAHA (49.6%) > SRHA (29.9%) > SRNOM (21.2%), consistent with their •OH quenching abilities, SUVA254 values and orders of aromaticity. Mineralization rates as revealed by F- release were negatively affected by NOM during CIP photocatalysis. TPs arising from hydroxylation and defluorination were generally suppressed by NOM isolates in UVA/LED and UVA/LED/TiO2 systems. In contrast, dealkylation and oxidation of piperazine ring were promoted by NOM. The enhancement in the apparent formation kinetics (kapp) of TP245, TP291, TP334a, TP334b and TP362 followed the order of SRNOM > SRHA > SAHA. kapp values were positively correlated with O/C ratio, carboxyl content, E2/E3 and fluorescence index (FI) of NOM and negatively related with SUVA254 values. The observed correlations indicate that NOM properties are important in determining the fate and transformation of organic contaminants during photolysis and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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38
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Rubasinghege G, Gurung R, Rijal H, Maldonado-Torres S, Chan A, Acharya S, Rogelj S, Piyasena M. Abiotic degradation and environmental toxicity of ibuprofen: Roles of mineral particles and solar radiation. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 131:22-32. [PMID: 29258002 PMCID: PMC5995636 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing medical and personal needs of human populations have escalated release of pharmaceuticals and personal care products into our natural environment. This work investigates abiotic degradation pathways of a particular PPCP, ibuprofen, in the presence of a major mineral component of soil (kaolinite clay), as well as the health effects of the primary compound and its degradation products. Results from these studies showed that the rate and extent of ibuprofen degradation is greatly influenced by the presence of clay particles and solar radiation. In the absence of solar radiation, the dominant reaction mechanism was observed to be the adsorption of ibuprofen onto clay surface where surface silanol groups play a key role. In contrast, under solar radiation and in the presence of clay particles, ibuprofen breaks down to several fractions. The decay rates were at least 6-fold higher for irradiated samples compared to those of dark conditions. Toxicity of primary ibuprofen and its secondary residues were tested on three microorganisms: Bacillus megaterium, Pseudoaltermonas atlantica; and algae from the Chlorella genus. The results from the biological assays show that primary PPCP is more toxic than the mixture of secondary products. Overall, however, biological assays carried out using only 4-acetylbenzoic acid, the most abundant secondary product, show a higher toxic effect on algae compared to its parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Rubasinghege
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States.
| | - Rubi Gurung
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
| | - Hom Rijal
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
| | | | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
| | - Shishir Acharya
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
| | - Menake Piyasena
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, United States
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Li Y, Liu X, Zhang B, Zhao Q, Ning P, Tian S. Aquatic photochemistry of sulfamethazine: multivariate effects of main water constituents and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:513-522. [PMID: 29393327 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00548b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of sulfonamides (SAs) in natural waters requires insight into their environmental fate for ecological risk assessment. Extensive studies focused on the effect of univariate water constituents on the photochemical fate of SAs, yet the multivariate effects of water constituents in environmentally relevant concentrations on SA photodegradation are poorly understood. Here, response surface methodology was employed to explore the integrative effects of main water constituents (dissolved organic matter (DOM), NO3-, HCO3-, Cu2+) on the photodegradation of a representative SA (sulfamethazine). Results showed that besides single factors, interaction of factors also significantly impacted the photodegradation. Radical scavenging experiments indicated that triplet-excited DOM (3DOM*) was responsible for the enhancing effect of DOM on the photodegradation. Additionally, DOM may also quench the 3DOM*-mediated oxidation intermediate of sulfamethazine causing the inhibiting effect of DOM-DOM interaction. We also found that HCO3- was oxidized by triplet-excited sulfamethazine producing CO3˙-, and the high reactivity of CO3˙- with sulfamethazine (second-order rate constant 2.2 × 108 M-1 s-1) determined by laser flash photolysis revealed the enhancing photodegradation mechanism of HCO3-. This study is among the first attempts to probe the photodegradation of SAs considering the integrative effects of water constituents, which is important in accurate ecological risk assessment of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiangliang Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Biaojun Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Qun Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ping Ning
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Senlin Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Yi Z, Wang J, Tang Q, Jiang T. Photolysis of sulfamethazine using UV irradiation in an aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2018; 8:1427-1435. [PMID: 35540907 PMCID: PMC9077042 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09564c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have been focused on the photochemistry of antibiotics, the roles of reactive species in photolysis and the effects of dissolved substances on antibiotic photochemical behavior have been poorly examined. The photolytic behaviors of sulfamethazine (SMN) in pure water were investigated via adding different scavengers to quench the active species. Results showed that decomposition of the triplet-excited state of SMN (3SMN*) by direct photolysis was the main path of SMN photolysis in water. Moreover, self-sensitized SMN cannot be ignored during SMN photodegradation. The main photoproducts of SMN were identified by LC-MS/MS, which indicated that SMN could not be mineralized although the photolysis under UV was effective. The effects of Cl−, NO3−, and fulvic acid (FA) (common substances in natural water) on SMN photolytic behaviors were also studied. The triplet-induced halogenation of SMN increases the ionic strength and reduces the ground state SMN; these are the primary causes of promotion of SMN photolysis by Cl−. More ˙OH produced in the presence of NO3− could promote SMN photolysis. Competitive absorption of photons of FA with SMN and ROS scavenged by FA were the main reasons for the inhibition of SMN photolysis. The research findings are helpful for further studies on the environmental risks of ACs in natural waters and promoting the development of AC pollution treatment technology. The role of reactive species in SMN photolysis and the effects of dissolved substances on SMN photochemical behavior.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yi
- College of Chemistry
- Leshan Normal University
- Leshan
- China
| | - Juan Wang
- Environmental Monitoring Station of Environmental Protection Bureau of Rizhao Lanshan
- Lanshan
- China
| | - Qiong Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Leshan Normal University
- Leshan
- China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Chemistry
- Leshan Normal University
- Leshan
- China
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Chen Y, Liang J, Liu L, Lu X, Deng J, Pozdnyakov IP, Zuo Y. Photosensitized Degradation of Amitriptyline and Its Active Metabolite Nortriptyline in Aqueous Fulvic Acid Solution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2017; 46:1081-1087. [PMID: 28991969 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.05.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amitriptyline is a frequently prescribed tricyclic antidepressant. Although amitriptyline and its active metabolite, nortriptyline, have been widely detected in natural waters, their environmental fate due to photodegradation is poorly understood. Here we describe a study conducted to investigate the photodegradation of amitriptyline and its active metabolite under simulated sunlight. Neither amitriptyline nor nortriptyline underwent direct photodegradation, but rapid photosensitized degradation did occur in fulvic acid (FA) solutions. The photodegradation of amitriptyline and nortriptyline followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with rate constants 0.24 and 0.16 h, respectively, at pH 8.0 in air-saturated FA solutions. The photodegradation of the substrates increased markedly with pH. The deprotonation of amitriptyline and nortriptyline facilitated the availability of nonbonding electrons on nitrogen (N-electrons). The excited triplet state of FA (FA*) was verified as the main reactive species responsible for the photosensitized degradation. An electron transfer mechanism for the interaction between substrates and FA* was proposed on the basis of a series of quenching experiments, kinetic model and photoproducts determination. Demethylation at the α-carbon of amine and hydroxylation were two primary photochemical processes initiated by the electron transfer reaction in the air-saturated FA solution; these were followed by generation of demethyl amine and mono-hydroxylation isomers. Our results suggest that indirect photodegradation is an important elimination process for amitriptyline and its active metabolite in natural waters.
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Lin VS, Grandbois M, McNeill K. Fluorescent Molecular Probes for Detection of One-Electron Oxidants Photochemically Generated by Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9033-9041. [PMID: 28723081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a dual probe system based on 4'-substituted biphenyl-2-carboxylic acids (BPAs) for analysis of photooxidants generated by dissolved organic matter. The BPA probes are converted to the corresponding benzocoumarins (BZCs) at different rates depending on the mechanism of oxidation; thus, two probes used simultaneously can differentiate strong triplet excited state sensitizers from hydroxylating species such as hydroxyl radical (•OH) present in dissolved organic matter (DOM). Comparison of the ratios of BZC-CH3 and BZC-CF3 product formation using model photooxidants such as NaNO2, a •OH precursor, and model triplet sensitizer lumichrome gave a range of 2 to 250. Application of these probes to DOM isolates and whole natural waters afforded intermediate ratios. Although the oxidation potential of BPAs (>ca. 1.80 V SHE) is significantly higher than the estimated average reduction potential of typical 3CDOM* samples, these results have demonstrated the presence of a small pool of oxidants in the selected DOM isolates and whole water samples that is capable of oxidizing aromatic carboxylates. As an analytical tool, this probe pair can be used between pH 4-6 without affecting the product formation ratio and may find applications in various systems involving complex mixtures of photochemically produced oxidants of differing natures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian S Lin
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich , CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Grandbois
- The Dow Chemical Company , 455 Forest Street, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01568, United States
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich , CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kim MK, Won AY, Zoh KD. Effects of molecular size fraction of DOM on photodegradation of aqueous methylmercury. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:739-746. [PMID: 28214421 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the photodegradation kinetics of MeHg in the presence of various size fractions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with MW < 3.5 kDa, 3.5 < MW < 10 kDa, and MW > 10 kDa. The DOM fraction with MW < 3.5 kDa was most effective in MeHg photodegradation. Increasing UV intensity resulted in the increase of photodegradation rate of the MeHg in all size of DOM fractions. Higher rates of MeHg degradation was observed at higher pH. For the portion of MW < 3.5 kDa, the photodegradation rate of MeHg increased with increasing DOM concentration, indicating that radicals such as singlet oxygen (1O2) radicals can be effectively produced by DOM. At higher portion of MW > 3.5 kDa, the inhibition of MeHg degradation was observed due to the effect of DOM photo-attenuation. Our result indicates that radical mediated reaction is the main mechanism of photodegradation of MeHg especially in the presence of MW < 3.5 kDa. Our results imply that the smaller molecular weight fraction (MW < 3.5 kDa) of DOM mainly increased the photodegradation rate of MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Kyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - A-Young Won
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Duk Zoh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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44
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He Y, Langenhoff AAM, Sutton NB, Rijnaarts HHM, Blokland MH, Chen F, Huber C, Schröder P. Metabolism of Ibuprofen by Phragmites australis: Uptake and Phytodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4576-4584. [PMID: 28346781 PMCID: PMC5770141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explores ibuprofen (IBP) uptake and transformation in the wetland plant species Phragmites australis and the underlying mechanisms. We grew P. australis in perlite under greenhouse conditions and treated plants with 60 μg/L of IBP. Roots and rhizomes (RR), stems and leaves (SL), and liquid samples were collected during 21 days of exposure. Results show that P. australis can take up, translocate, and degrade IBP. IBP was completely removed from the liquid medium after 21 days with a half-life of 2.1 days. IBP accumulated in RR and was partly translocated to SL. Meanwhile, four intermediates were detected in the plant tissues: hydroxy-IBP, 1,2-dihydroxy-IBP, carboxy-IBP and glucopyranosyloxy-hydroxy-IBP. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase was involved in the production of the two hydroxy intermediates. We hypothesize that transformation of IBP was first catalyzed by P450, and then by glycosyltransferase, followed by further storage or metabolism in vacuoles or cell walls. No significant phytotoxicity was observed based on relative growth of plants and stress enzyme activities. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that P. australis degrades IBP from water and is therefore a suitable species for application in constructed wetlands to clean wastewater effluents containing IBP and possibly also other micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie He
- Department
of Environmental Technology, Wageningen
University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alette A. M. Langenhoff
- Department
of Environmental Technology, Wageningen
University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Phone: +31 (0)317 480254; fax.: +31 (0)317 482108; e-mail:
| | - Nora B. Sutton
- Department
of Environmental Technology, Wageningen
University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huub H. M. Rijnaarts
- Department
of Environmental Technology, Wageningen
University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco H. Blokland
- RIKILT-Institute
of Food Safety, Wageningen University and
Research, P.O. Box 2306, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Feiran Chen
- Helmholtz
Zentrum
München, GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health,
Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Huber
- Helmholtz
Zentrum
München, GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health,
Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schröder
- Helmholtz
Zentrum
München, GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health,
Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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45
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Li J, Sun S, Chen R, Zhang T, Ren B, Dionysiou DD, Wu Z, Liu X, Ye M. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of ibuprofen onto BiOCl microspheres with exposed {001} facets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:9556-9565. [PMID: 28243962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BiOCl microspheres with exposed {001} facets have been synthesized through a simple solvothermal method. The adsorption and photocatalytic activities of BiOCl microspheres were evaluated by removal of ibuprofen (IBP) as the model reaction. Parameters including IBP concentration, BiOCl dosage, and inorganic ions were investigated to reveal the role of adsorption in BiOCl-based photocatalysis. We found that the high IBP removal rate by BiOCl is not due to photocatalytic oxidation but to surface adsorption. The combination of ICP/MS, IC, XPS, and FT-IR results directly proved that anion exchange between dissociated IBP and Cl accompanied by the formation of surface complex (O-Bi-OOC-C12H17) onto the BiOCl surface is the main adsorption mechanism. In addition, we also demonstrated that organic compounds with carboxyl group (-COOH) such as diclofenac, benzoic acid, and p-phthalic acid can be adsorbed by BiOCl while organic compounds without carboxyl group such as carbamazepine, nitrobenzene, and p-chloronitrobenzene cannot be adsorbed. We believe that the BiOCl adsorption behavior and mechanism should be considered when discussing its photocatalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Shiye Sun
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangxing Ren
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Zhejian Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Roushani M, Shahdost-Fard F. Ultra-sensitive detection of ibuprofen (IBP) by electrochemical aptasensor using the dendrimer-quantum dot (Den-QD) bioconjugate as an immobilization platform with special features. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1091-1096. [PMID: 28415394 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a high-performance electrochemical aptasensor which is employed to detect Ibuprofen (IBP) as a painkiller drug by using a novel platform as an integrated sensing interface. In order to make the aptasensor, the Den-QD bioconjugate was immobilized on the surface of a GC electrode and followed the Apt was incubated on this surface. The incubation of the IBP on the aptasensor surface and the formation of the Apt/IBP complex, led to a hindered electron transfer reaction on the sensing surface, which decreased the peak current of the redox probe. Under the optimum condition, the assay had two dynamic ranges with a detection limit down to 333fM. The developed aptasensor reliably detects IBP in a real sample. Our results demonstrated that the proposed strategy has many advantages and the Den-QD bioconjugate may become a promising nanocomposite for the electrochemical sensing applications.
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47
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Li F, Kong Q, Chen P, Chen M, Liu G, Lv W, Yao K. Effect of halide ions on the photodegradation of ibuprofen in aqueous environments. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 166:412-417. [PMID: 27701000 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Typically contained within ambient surface waters and certain industrial wastewaters, are plentiful halide ions, which possess varying degrees of photosensitivity. The effects of halide ions on the photodegradation of ibuprofen (IBP) were investigated under UV irradiation using a 500 W mercury lamp as a light source. Studies of the mechanism of halide ions were inclusive of both their light shielding effects and quenching experiments. The results indicated that chloride ion has a slight inhibition against IBP photodegradation under neutral condition, and significant inhibition is observed with bromide ions and iodide ions. In addition to the observed increased rate of IBP photodegradation in conjunction with elevated pH in solution, the inhibitory effect of halide ions was different. When the pH value of the IBP solution was 5, chloride ions were seen to facilitate the photodegradation of IBP. Halide ions can inhibit IBP photodegradation by means of a light attenuation effect. All of the halide ions significantly facilitated the generation of 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Qingqing Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Wenying Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Kun Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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48
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Liu G, Tang Q, Zhou Y, Cao X, Zhao J, Zhu D. Photo-induced phosphate released from organic phosphorus degradation in deionized and natural water. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:467-475. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00313c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate could be released during organic phosphorus photodegradation by natural photosensitizers, which influenced the phosphorus level in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430072
- China
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research
- College of Resources and Environment
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Xiuyun Cao
- Institute of Hydrobiology
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research
- College of Resources and Environment
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Duanwei Zhu
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research
- College of Resources and Environment
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- China
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49
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Sun Q, Peng YP, Chen H, Chang KL, Qiu YN, Lai SW. Photoelectrochemical oxidation of ibuprofen via Cu2O-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 319:121-129. [PMID: 27021261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A p-n junction based Cu2O-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (Cu2O-TNAs) were synthesized and used as a working anode in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system. The results revealed that the Cu2O-TNAs were dominated by the anatase phase and responded significantly to visible light. XPS analyses indicated that with an amount of 24.79% Cu doping into the structure, the band gap of Cu2O-TNAs was greatly reduced. SEM images revealed that the supported TiO2 nanotubes had diameters of approximately 80nm and lengths of about 2.63μm. Upon doping with Cu2O, the TiO2 nanotubes maintained their structural integrity, exhibiting no significant morphological change, favoring PEC applications. Under illumination, the photocurrent from Cu2O/TNAs was 2.4 times larger than that from TNAs, implying that doping with Cu2O significantly improved electron mobility by reducing the rate of recombination of electron-hole pairs. The EIS and Bode plot revealed that the estimated electron lifetimes, τel, of TNAs and Cu2O/TNAs were 6.91 and 26.26ms, respectively. The efficiencies of degradation of Ibuprofen by photoelectrochemical, photocatalytic (PC), electrochemical (EC) and photolytic (P) methods were measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Sun
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yen-Ping Peng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Hanlin Chen
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51006 China
| | - Yang-Neng Qiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Wu Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
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50
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Jiang Y, Kang N, Zhou Y, Liu G, Zhu D. The role of Fe(III) on phosphate released during the photo-decomposition of organic phosphorus in deionized and natural waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:208-214. [PMID: 27591372 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The photo-decomposition of organic phosphorus is an important route for the phosphorus cycle by which phosphate is regenerated in the aquatic environment. In this study, the role of Fe3+ as a natural photosensitizer toward the decomposition of organic phosphorus to release phosphate was examined in deionized and natural waters under UV and sunlight irradiation using glyphosate as the organic phosphorus model. The results showed that the concentration of glyphosate decreased with irradiation time in the Fe3+/UV and Fe3+/sunlight systems and TOC gradually decreased, which confirmed that glyphosate was degraded by Fe3+. The amount of phosphate released from the photo-decomposition of glyphosate was higher in the presence of Fe3+ than that of the control experiment under UV and sunlight irradiation conditions, and the generation rate of phosphate also increased with increasing Fe3+concentrations. The formation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the Fe3+/UV and Fe3+/sunlight systems was identified according to the photoluminescence spectra (PL) using coumarin as the trapping molecule, and the steady-state concentrations of ·OH for the Fe3+/UV and Fe3+/sunlight systems were 1.06 × 10-14 M and 0.09 × 10-14 M, respectively. When natural water was spiked with glyphosate and Fe3+, the phosphate that was released in the Fe3+ was higher than that of the control, and the phosphate that was released was inhibited when isopropanol was added to the reaction. All of these results demonstrate that the photochemical activity of Fe3+ has significantly impact in the release of phosphate from the photo-decomposition of organic phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcan Jiang
- Lab of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Naixin Kang
- Lab of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guanglong Liu
- Lab of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Duanwei Zhu
- Lab of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
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