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Zhou Z, Liu X, Chen R, Hu X, Guo Q. Treatment of phenolic wastewater by anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell using carbon brush as anode: microbial community analysis and m-cresol degradation mechanism. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1801-1815. [PMID: 37878182 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell (AFB-MFC) is a technology that combines fluidized bed reactor and microbial fuel cell to treat organic wastewater and generate electricity. The performance and the mechanism of treating m-cresol wastewater in AFB-MFC using carbon brush as biofilm anode were studied. After 48 h of operation, the m-cresol removal efficiency of AFB-MFC, MAR-AFB (fluidized bed bioreactor with acclimated anaerobic sludge), MAR-FB (ordinary fluidized bed reactor with only macroporous adsorptive resin) and AST (traditional anaerobic sludge treatment) were 95.29 ± 0.67%, 85.78 ± 1.81%, 71.24 ± 1.86% and 70.41 ± 0.32% respectively. The maximum output voltage and the maximum power density of AFB-MFC using carbon brush as biofilm anode were 679.7 mV and 166.6 mW/m2 respectively. The results of high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated the relative abundance of dominant electroactive bacteria, such as Trichococcus, Geobacter, and Pseudomonas, on the anode carbon brushes was higher than that of AST, and also identified such superior m-cresol-degrading bacteria as Bdellovibrio, Thermomonas, Hydrogenophaga, etc. Based on the determination of m-cresol metabolites detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), the possible biodegradation pathway of m-cresol under anaerobic and aerobic conditions in AFB-MFC was speculated. The results showed that m-cresol was decomposed into formic acid-acetic anhydride and 3-methylpropionic acid under the action of electrochemistry, which is a simple degradation pathway without peripheral metabolism in AFB-MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Ranran Chen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xiude Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Qingjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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2
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Cheng Y, Dong H, Hao T. From liquid to solid: A novel approach for utilizing sulfate reduction effluent through phase transition - Effluent-induced nanoscale zerovalent iron sulfidation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129440. [PMID: 37399956 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of sulfate reduction effluent (SR-effluent) to induce sulfidation on nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI). SR-effluent-modified nZVI achieved a 100% improvement in Cr(VI) removal from simulated groundwater, a result comparable to cases where other, more typical sulfur precursors (Na2S2O4, Na2S2O3, Na2S, K2S6, and S0) were used. Through a structural equation model analysis, amendment of nanoparticles' agglomeration (standardized path coefficient (std. path coeff.) = -0.449, p < 0.05) and hydrophobicity (std. path coeff. = 0.100, p < 0.05) and direct reaction between iron-sulfur compounds and Cr(VI) (std. path coeff. ranged from -0.195 to 0.322, p < 0.05) were primarily contributing to sulfidation-induced Cr(VI) removal enhancement. Regarding the property improvement of nZVI, the SR-effluent's corrosion radius played a crucial role in tuning the content and distribution of the iron-sulfur compounds based on the core-shell structure of the nZVI and the redox processes at the aqueous-solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Cheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
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3
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Ouyang J, Miao Q, Wei D, Zhang X, Luo E, Li C, Wei L. Removal of Cr (VI) and microbial community analysis in PCB wastewater treatment based on the BESI® process. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290023. [PMID: 37585481 PMCID: PMC10431613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment efficiency of Chromium (Cr)-containing Printed Circuit Board (PCB) wastewater is significantly hampered by the limited physiological activity of microorganisms when activated sludge is applied. In this study, the biodegradation and electron transfer based on sulfur metabolism in the integrated (BESI®) process use sulfur as the electron acceptor to achieve sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation, leading to efficient removal of Cr. The concentrations of total Cr and Cr(VI) in the effluent were reduced to 0.5 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L, respectively, from an initial range of 25-32 mg/L in the influent. The removal of Cr (ΔC(Cr(VI))) mainly occurred in the Sulfate Reduction (SR) reactor, which was significantly correlated with the generation of sulphide ([Formula: see text]) (R2 = 0.9987). Meantime, analysis of the microbial community showed that Cr (VI) stress increased the diversity of the bacterial community in sludge. The presence of Clostridium (52.54% and 47.78%) in SR & Sulfide Oxidation (SO) reactor, along with the Synergistaceae (31.90%) and Trichococcus (26.59%) in aerobic reactor, might contribute to the gradient degradation of COD, resulting in a removal efficiency exceeding 80% when treating an influent with a concentration of 1000 mg/L. In addition, the main precipitation components in the SR reactor were identified by scanning electron microscope, indicating that Cr has been removed from wastewater as Cr(OH)3 precipitation. This study sheds light on the potential of using the BESI® process for the real PCB wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ouyang
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Miao
- School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Erming Luo
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunying Li
- School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Li Wei
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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4
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Gao J, Wang R, Li Y, Huang H, Su X, An Z, Yin W, Yang L, Rong L, Sun F. Effect of aeration modes on nitrogen removal and N 2O emission in the partial nitrification and denitrification process for landfill leachate treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158424. [PMID: 36067854 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The anoxic/multi-aerobic process is widely applied for treating landfill leachate with low carbon to nitrogen ratio. In this study, the effect of two aeration modes in the aerobic phase, i.e. decreasing dissolved oxygen (DO) and increasing DO, on nitrogen removal and N2O emission in the process were systematically compared. The results demonstrate that the aerobic phase with increasing DO mode has a positive effect on improved total nitrogen removal (78 %) under the COD/N ratio as low as 3.45 and minimized N2O emission. DO concentration higher than 1.5 mg/L in the aerobic phase reduced nitrogen removal and led to a significant high N2O emission in the process. Complete nitrite denitrification in the anoxic phase correlated with minimized N2O emission. Under efficient nitrogen removal stage, N2O emission factor was 2.4 ± 1.0 % of the total incoming nitrogen. Microbial analysis revealed that increasing DO mode increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and denitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Gao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Eco-environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yilin Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- Zhejiang Huanke Certification Center for Environment Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Xiaomei Su
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Zijing An
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lizhen Yang
- China Wuzhou Engineering Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100053, China
| | - Liang Rong
- China Wuzhou Engineering Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100053, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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Sun S, Zhang M, Gu X, He S, Tang L. Microbial response mechanism of plants and zero valent iron in ecological floating bed: Synchronous nitrogen, phosphorus removal and greenhouse gas emission reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116326. [PMID: 36182841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based ecological floating beds (EFBs) are often used to treat the secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant to enhance the denitrification process. However, the impact and necessity of plants on iron-based EFBs have not been systematically studied. In this research, two iron-based EFBs with and without plants (EFB-P and EFB) were performed to investigate the response of plants on nutrient removal, GHG emissions, microbial communities and functional genes. Results showed the total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal in EFB-P was 45-79% and 48-72%, respectively, while that in EFB was 31-67% and 44-57%. Meanwhile, plants could decrease CH4 emission flux (0-3.89 mg m-2 d-1) and improve CO2 absorption (4704-22321 mg m-2 d-1). Plants could increase the abundance of Nitrosospira to 1.6% which was a kind of nitrifying bacteria dominant in plant rhizosphere. Among all denitrification related genera, Simplicispira (13.08%) and Novosphingobium (6.25%) accounted for the highest proportion of plant rhizosphere and iron scrap, respectively. Anammox bacteria such as Candidatus_Brocadia was more enriched on iron scraps with the highest proportion was 1.21% in EFB-P, and 2.20% in EFB. Principal co-ordinates analysis showed that plants were the critical factor determining microbial community composition. TN removal pathways were mixotrophic denitrification and anammox in EFB-P while TP removal pathways were plant uptake and phosphorus-iron coprecipitation. In general, plants play an important directly or indirectly role in iron-based EFBs systems, which could not only improve nutrients removal, but also minimize the global warming potential and alleviate the greenhouse effect to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Li Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design Institute, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
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6
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Zheng Z, Man JHK, Lo IMC. Integrating Reactive Chlorine Species Generation with H 2 Evolution in a Multifunctional Photoelectrochemical System for Low Operational Carbon Emissions Saline Sewage Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16156-16166. [PMID: 36326170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) suffer from high carbon emissions and are inefficient in removing emerging organic pollutants (EOPs). Consequently, we have developed a low operational carbon emissions multifunctional photoelectrochemical (PEC) system for saline sewage treatment to simultaneously remove organic pollutants, ammonia, and bacteria, coupled with H2 evolution. A reduced BiVO4 (r-BiVO4) photoanode with enhanced PEC properties, ascribed to constructing sufficient oxygen vacancies and V4+ species, was synthesized for the aforementioned technique. The PEC/r-BiVO4 process could treat saline sewage to meet local WWTPs' discharge standard in 40 min at 2.0 V vs Ag/AgCl and completely degrade carbamazepine (one of EOPs), coupled with 633 μmol of H2 production; 93.29% reduction in operational carbon emissions and 77.82% decrease in direct emissions were achieved by the PEC/r-BiVO4 process compared with large-scale WWTPs, attributed to the restrained generation of CH4 and N2O. The PEC system activated chloride ions in sewage to generate numerous reactive chlorine species and facilitate •OH production, promoting contaminants removal. The PEC system exhibited operational feasibility at varying pH and total suspended solids concentrations and has outstanding reusability and stability, confirming its promising practical potential. This study proposed a novel PEC reaction for reducing operational carbon emissions from saline sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiao Zheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Justin H K Man
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Irene M C Lo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong999077, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong999077, China
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7
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Hao T. Adaptive response mechanisms of granular and flocculent sulfate-reducing sludge toward acidic multi-metal-laden wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119227. [PMID: 36240714 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dissimilatory sulfate reduction-based processes have long been a viable option for treating acidic metal-laden wastewater (AMW). Such processes can be optimized through enhancing sulfidogenic activity and the microbial consortia's resilience against a harsh environment. This study investigated how granular and flocculent sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) sludge respond to AMW as well as the mechanisms through which they adapt to the wastewater, with particular focuses on the stability of the sulfidogenic activities, metal removal, and the bacteria's resistance over the long-term: the flocculent SRB lost more than 50% of their treatment capacity after 35 days of treating AMW with the presence of Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ at 30 mg/L each, under pH = 4.5. In contrast, the granular SRB maintained its metal removal rate at 91% throughout the 161-day trial. Despite the SRB abundance remaining at approximate 40%, organics-partial oxidizing genera (Desulfobulbus and Desulfobacter) began to dominate due to their kinetic advantage. The extracellular glycosyl compositions were revealed to be critical for the stability of the granular structure and microbial activity as the extracellular proteins disintegrated irreversible. Usage the molecular dynamic simulation, the mobility of the metal ions in the SRB granular system was suppressed by the presence of a more diverse glycosyl composition compared with the flocculent system (10-50% diffusion coefficients differences). All of the identified glycosyls (especially xylose and rhamnose) exhibited strong interactions with Cu2+ (-470 kJ mol-1), while the maximum binding strength of Cd2+ to glycosyls was greater than -40 kJ mol-1, suggesting a low Cd2+complexation efficiency. The findings of this study shed light on the defensive mechanisms of SRB granules against multi-metal stress, and provide clues for efficient AMW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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8
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Gu M, Wang Y, Wan D, Shi Y, He Q. Electrodialysis ion-exchange membrane bioreactor (EDIMB) to remove nitrate from water: Optimization of operating conditions and kinetics analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156046. [PMID: 35597341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate pollution has become a worldwide problem. In this study, we remove nitrate from water by electrodialysis ion-exchange membrane bioreactor (EDIMB) and enabling simultaneous nitrate enrichment and denitrification. In this reactor, nitrate migrated from the water chamber to the biological chamber via electrodialysis and was degraded by microorganisms. The effects of voltage and biomass concentration on the reactor performance were examined, and the kinetics data of the water chamber and biological chamber were fitted. The experimental results showed that the migration of nitrate in the water chamber conformed to the first-order model, and the constructed zero-Michaelis-Menten model described changes in nitrate concentration in the biological chamber. Furthermore, when the inflow nitrate concentration was 40 mg N/L, 5 V was the best voltage, and 3.00 g VSS/L was the best biomass concentration. The nitrate removal rate in the water chamber was 98.94%, and there was no accumulation of nitrate or nitrite in the biological chamber. Compared with traditional ED processes, the nitrate removal efficiency was 8.86% higher, and the current efficiency was 22.14% higher. The total organic carbon (TOC) of the water chamber was only 1.43 mg C/L, which proves that the structure of the EDIMB confined the denitrifying bacteria and organic carbon donors in the biological chamber and avoided secondary pollution in the water chamber. Microbial community analysis showed that Thauera (66.06%) was the dominant bacterium in the EDIMB system, and Azoarcus (9.81%) was a minor denitrifying genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Gu
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dongjin Wan
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Yahui Shi
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Qiaochong He
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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Wu S, Zhang X, Lu P, Zhang D. Copper removal and elemental sulfur recovery from fracturing flowback water in a microbial fuel cell with an extra electrochemical anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135128. [PMID: 35636600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fracturing flowback water (FFW) from the shale gas exploitation resulted in environmental burden. FFW could be treated by a microbial fuel cell (MFC), but the challenge for the precipitation of ultrafine particles due to the supersaturation of sulfide remains to be addressed. Herein, we reported a Dual-anode MFC (DA-MFC), in which the FFW remediation and elemental sulfur recovery could be performed by regulating potential of the electrochemical anode. The removal of COD and sulfate was 70.0 ± 1.2% and 75.5 ± 0.4% in DA-MFCs by controlling potential at -0.1 V (vs. SHE) for 36 h. Meanwhile, the efficiency of copper removal and elemental sulfur recovery was up to 99.9 ± 0.5% and 75.6 ± 1.8%, respectively, which was attributed by the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur. Trichococcus, unclassified Prolixibacteraceae and unclassified Cloacimonadales enriched on the bioanodes of DA-MFCs were sensitive to potential regulation and favorable for degrading complex organics. UnclassifiedSynergistaceae, Desulfobacterium, Desulfovibrio, unclassified bacteria and Syner-01 was conducive to sulfate removal. Moreover, the elimination of Azoarcus due to potential regulation suppressed the biological oxidation of sulfide. Thus, organics were efficiently removed through the biological oxidation and sulfate reduction on bioanode, the copper ions were combined with the sulfide from sulfate reduction to precipitate effectively, and then the excessive sulfide in the system was converted into elemental sulfur attached on the electrochemical anode. The results provide new sights on bio-electrochemical technology for treatment of wastewater containing complex organics, heavy metals and sulfates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Peili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Daijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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10
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A new integrated single-chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cell - Anaerobic membrane bioreactor system for improving methane production and membrane fouling mitigation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Huang J, Zeng C, Luo H, Bai J, Liu G, Zhang R. Enhanced sulfur recovery and sulfate reduction using single-chamber bioelectrochemical system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153789. [PMID: 35150675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of sulfate removal and elemental sulfur (S0) recovery in the single-chamber bioelectrochemical system (S-BES). The performance of S-BES was compared with that of dual-chamber bioelectrochemical system (D-BES). The S-BES was constructed with graphite felt as the anode and graphite brush as the cathode. The D-BES was constructed with proton exchange membrane as the separator between anode and cathode chambers. With an applied voltage of 1.0 V and 1 g/L acetate as the substrate, the S-BES and D-BES were tested by feeding with 480 mg/L SO42- in the phosphate buffer. Results showed that the maximum current density of 37.6 ± 4.5 mA/m3 was reached in the S-BES, which was higher than that in the D-BES (i.e., 22.2 ± 2.6 mA/m3). The SO42- removal was much higher in the S-BES than in the D-BES (99.5% vs. 57.2%). In the effluent and the electrodes of S-BES, S0 was identified with Raman and X- Ray diffraction analyses. The S0 recovery on the anode was 13.7 times of that on the cathode of S-BES, indicating that S0 was mainly produced on the anode. The measured total S0 recovery reached 67.5% in the S-BES. High relative abundance of Desulfurella (47.1%) and Geobacter (26.1%) dominated the community in the anode biofilm of S-BES. The excellent performance of S-BES may be attributed to the neutral pH in the solution and the synergistic reaction between the anode and cathode. Results from this study should be useful to enhance the S-BES applications in treating wastewater containing sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cuiping Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiping Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiamin Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangli Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Renduo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Cui X, Zhang M, Ding Y, Sun S, He S, Yan P. Enhanced nitrogen removal via iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis in surface flow constructed wetlands: Selecting activated carbon or biochar? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152800. [PMID: 34982986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The iron-assisted autotrophic denitrification was plagued by passivation when introduced in surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs). Iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe/C-M/E) could facilitate the transfer of electrons during the utilization of iron. In this study, iron scraps coupling with activated carbon and biochar were applied to explore the effects of carbon materials on autotrophic denitrification. The results showed that TN removal rate in the SFCW with iron scraps and activated carbon (SFCW-IAC) and the SFCW with iron scraps and biochar (SFCW-IBC) were improved by 31.61% ± 8.18% and 14.09% ± 7.15%, and N2O fluxes were reduced to 2.73 and 3.12 mg m-2 d-1, respectively. The greater iron mass loss rate (0.91%) was confirmed in SFCW-IAC. Microbial community analysis reported that autotrophic denitrification and iron related genera were increased. This study proved that activated carbon was more suitable than biochar to Fe/C-M/E for denitrification enhancement and N2O emission reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Cui
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - YiJing Ding
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Pan Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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13
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Biological As(III) Oxidation Coupled with As(V) Interception by Fibrous Anion Exchange Material FFA-1. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14060856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A combined process, including As(III) oxidation and As removal by the fibrous anion exchange material FFA-1, was established to treat arsenite ([As(III)] = 10 mg L−1)-polluted groundwater. Both fixed-bed reactors (R1 and R2) were separately filled with pozzolana and FFA-1. After 72 h of inoculation and 10 days of operation, As(III) oxidation efficiency reached around 100% and the total As in the effluent was below 10 µg L−1 for over 100 days. Then, the combined system was stopped and a desorption experiment on the FFA-1 collected from R2 was carried out. The results revealed that the As trapped by the FFA-1 was distributed linearly along the axial length of R2, and the maximum capacity for removal of the FFA-1 from R2 was about 28 mg As g−1 FFA-1. Moreover, the anions’ competing test showed that they were preferentially sequestrated by the FFA-1 according to the following order: SO42− > PO43− ≈ AsO43− > NO3− at neutral pH. Furthermore, the microorganisms attached to the FFA-1, including some arsenite-oxidizing microorganisms (AsOBs), could be a beneficial complement to the As(III) oxidation and, thus, the total As removal. At the same time, the regeneration test proved that the As(V) interception capacity of FFA-1 was barely affected by the presence of biofilm. Additionally, the calculated operating cost showed that this combined process has great potential for the remediation of As-polluted groundwater.
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14
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Xu J, Sun Y, Tian G, Li X, Yang Z. Fast biodegradation of long-alkanes by enhancing bacteria performance rate by per-oxidation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113933. [PMID: 34731951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The long-alkanes biodegradation rate was generally found slow during widely used pre-oxidation combined with biodegradation for oil contamination treatment, resulting in long and unsustainable removal. In this study, different chitosan content was used to produce iron catalysts for pre-oxidation, and nutrients were added for the long-alkanes biodegradation experiment. Mechanism of Fenton pre-oxidation and improvement in the biodegradation rate of long-alkanes were studied by analyzing the change in organic matter and bacterial community structure, the amount and activity of bacteria in the biological stage, and the degradation amount long-alkanes hydrocarbon before and after pre-oxidation. Results showed that the destruction of bacteria greatly reduced when hydroxyl radical intensity decreased to 4.40 a.u.. Also, the proportion of humic acid-like was high (40.88%), and the community structure was slightly changed with the pre-oxidation for the fast biodegradation (FB) group. In the subsequent biodegradation, it was found that the degradation rate of each long-alkanes in the FB group increased significantly (C30: 4.18-8.32 mg/(kg·d)) with the increase of the degradation of long-alkanes (10-50%). Further studies showed that the high nutrient dynamics (6.05 mg/(kg·d)) of the FB group resulted in high bacteria performance rate (0.53 mol CO2 × log CFU/(104 g2 d)), which further accelerated the substrate transformation(41%). Therefore, the biodegradation rate of long-alkanes was increased (43.8 mg/(kg·d)) with the removal rate of long-alkanes of 76%. The half-life of long-alkanes for the FB group (64 d) was 33 d shorter than the slow biodegradation group (99 d). These results exhibited that pre-oxidation regulation can shorten the bioremediation cycle by improving the biodegradation rate of long-alkanes. This research has good engineering application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yanjie Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guiyong Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiumin Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhengli Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
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15
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Xu J, Xu L, Qiao X, Zheng Y, Xie Y, Yang Z. Stimulated biodegradation of all alkanes in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130444. [PMID: 33845439 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aim to investigate the biodegradation of all alkanes in soil by adding stimulater and indigenous bacteria. The experiments were carried out by adding native bacteria and the stimulater to the soil S1 (total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) = 22,745 mg/kg) and soil S2 (TPH = 13,833 mg/kg) to explored the effect and mechanism of the stimulated biodegradation of all alkanes in soil. The results showed that most alkanes were used as the main carbon source of TPH in the late stimulation stage, so that all alkanes could be biodegraded by stimulating. The biodegradation of C10 - C19 (4527 mg/kg) and C20 - C30 (8530 mg/kg) were much higher than the stimulated biodegradation of partial alkanes, which indicated that the biodegradation effect of TPH was greatly improved. In addition, for the stimulated biodegradation of all alkanes group, the relative activity of TPH (TPH biodegradation/DOC consumption) was nearly 5 times that of the stimulated biodegradation of partial alkanes group in the late stimulation stage. The amount of ammonia allocated to TPH in the late stimulation stage was nearly 10 times that of DOC, and the organic matter components changed greatly in the early stimulation stage, but there was basically no change in the later stage. It showed that the hydrocarbon degraders in the stimulated biodegradation of all alkanes group used DOC as the main carbon source in the early stimulation stage and mainly degrade TPH in the later stage, which improved the biodegradation efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Youlin Xie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhengli Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China
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16
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Chen C, Ali A, Su J, Gao J. An Efficient Bioaggregate Reactor for Enhanced Denitrification of Sewage with Low Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changlun Chen
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
| | - Amjad Ali
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
| | - Junfeng Su
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China 710055 Xi'an China
| | - Jing Gao
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering 710055 Xi'an China
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17
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Suspended membrane bioreactor with extracellular polymeric substances as reserve carbon source for low carbon to nitrogen ratio wastewater: Performance and microbial community composition. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Su JF, Hu XF, Lian TT, Wei L. Effect of hydraulic retention time, ZVI concentration, and Fe 2+ concentration on autotrophic denitrification efficiency with iron cycle bacterium strain CC76. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2757-2767. [PMID: 31918635 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1713904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The immobilized reactor of iron-reducing bacteria and zero-valent iron (ZVI) integrated system was established. This study has shown that the effects of hydraulic retention times (9, 11, 13 h), ZVI concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8 mg/L), and Fe2+ concentrations (5, 10, 15 mg/L) on the denitrification characteristics of iron cycle bacterium strain CC76. The results show that the longer the HRT is, the stronger ability of bacteria to remove nitrate. When ZVI concentration was 4 mg/L and the Fe2+ concentration is 15 mg/L, the removal efficiency of nitrate was the highest, reaching the maximum value of 93.02% (1.07 mg/L/h). Since increasing ZVI concentration in a certain range can not only promote chemical reduction but also make use of strain CC76 as an electron donor. Also, the abundance of strain CC76 decreased with the increase of ZVI concentration, which indicated that adding a low concentration of ZVI could reduce the inhibitory effect on bacteria. Hypothesis analysis of principal components showed that a low concentration of ZVI is beneficial to increase nitrate removal rate. Community structure analysis indicated that strain CC76 and related bacteria were the most abundant bacteria in the reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Fen Hu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ting Lian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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19
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Guo J, Wei J, Huang F, Massey IY, Luo J, Yang F. Optimization of microcystin biodegradation by bacterial community YFMCD4 using response surface method. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129897. [PMID: 33979923 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing production of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) causing animal and human health issues is found in eutrophic water bodies, marine habitats and desert environments. The health threat posed by MC-LR has led to the establishment of World Health Organization's water guideline value of 1 μg/mL. Combating this has increased the search for cost-effective approach to degrade MC-LR. The study aimed to optimize the MC-degrading environmental factors of bacterial community YFMCD4. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the influence of varying temperatures, pH and initial MC-LR concentration on the biodegradation efficiency of MC-LR by bacterial community YFMCD4. The optimal MC-LR biodegradation environmental factors were found to be 30 °C, pH 7 and 2 μg/mL initial MC-LR. The biodegradation rate reached 100% after 10 h. YFMCD4 mainly consisted of genera Alacligenes, Sphingobacterium and Pseudomonas using High-throughput pyrosequencing technology. The mlrA gene encoding MlrA enzyme considered most important for MC-LR biodegradation was obtained from YFMCD4. Data demonstrated that the bacterial structure and biodegradation efficiency of YFMCD4 varied with the change of environmental factors including temperature, pH and MC-LR concentrations. RSM is considered a good method to examine the optimal biodegradation environmental conditions for MC-LR. To date, RSM and High-throughput pyrosequencing technology are employed to optimize the biodegradation conditions (30 °C, pH 7 and 2 μg/mL initial MC-LR) and analyze the structure of bacterial community for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Jia Wei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Feiyu Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Isaac Yaw Massey
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Jiayou Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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20
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Ma K, Wang W, Liu Y, Bao L, Cui Y, Kang W, Wu Q, Xin X. Insight into the performance and microbial community profiles of magnetite-amended anaerobic digestion: Varying promotion effects at increased loads. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124928. [PMID: 33690060 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In current study, the enhancement effect of magnetite on anaerobic digestion was evaluated at increased organic loading rate (OLR) from 1.6 to 25.6 kg COD·m-3·d-1. The supplement of magnetite enhanced the methane yield by 7-483% accompanied with faster VFAs conversion. Microbial analysis suggested the varied enhancing effect achieved at different OLRs was attributed to different syntrophic interactions triggered by magnetite. More specially, an electroactive syntropy was established between Trichococcus with Methanobacterium at OLR lower than 6.4 kg COD·m-3·d-1, while with the OLR increase, more acid fermentative bacteria (Propionimicrobium, Syner-01) were enriched and further enhanced methanogenesis in a syntrophic way with Methanosaeta. Overall, the incorporation of magnetite was a promising approach to achieve efficient anaerobic digestion, OLR was also critical factor affecting the methanogenesis and should be carefully regulated in future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Ma
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Linlin Bao
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yanrui Cui
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Wei Kang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xin
- Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment (Huaqiao University), Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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21
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Optimization of a Completely Mixed Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor (CMABR), Based on Brewery Wastewater Treatment. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, brewery wastewater was used as the treatment in exploring the optimal conditions and maximum processing efficiency of the completely mixed anaerobic biofilm reactor (CMABR) under the conditions of hydraulic retention time (HRT) (18 h, 24 h, and 30 h) with a rotational speed (70 rpm, 100 rpm, and 130 rpm) and influent total alkalinity (TA) (20 mmol/L, 25 mmol/L, and 30 mmol/L), which was measured by the response surface methodology (RSM). The results indicated that the maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ratio was achieved under the following conditions: HRT of 21.42 h, rotational speed of 101.34 rpm, and influent TA of 25.22 mmol/L. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the microorganisms were successfully immobilized on the polyurethane fillers before the reactor began operation. High-throughput sequencing indicated that Methanothrix and Methanospirillum were the dominant contributors for COD removal in the CAMBR under these optimum conditions.
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22
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Qian J, Bai L, Zhang M, Chen L, Yan X, Sun R, Zhang M, Chen GH, Wu D. Achieving rapid thiosulfate-driven denitrification (TDD) in a granular sludge system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116716. [PMID: 33290906 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) can drive a high level of autotrophic denitrification (AD) activity with thiosulfate (S2O32-) as the electron donor. However, the slow growth of SOB results in a low biomass concentration in the AD reactor and unsatisfactory biological nitrogen removal (BNR). In this study, our goal was to establish a high-rate thiosulfate-driven denitrification (TDD) system via sludge granulation. Granular sludge was successfully cultivated by increasing the nitrogen loading rate stepwise in thiosulfate-oxidizing/nitrate-reducing conditions in an upflow anaerobic blanket reactor. In the mature-granular-sludge reactor, a nitrate removal rate of 280 mg N/L/h was achieved with a nitrate removal efficiency of 97.7%±1.0% at a hydraulic retention time of only 15 minutes, with no nitrite detected in the effluent. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analysis indicated that the proteins in loosely bound and tightly bound EPS were responsible for maintaining the compact structure of the TDD granular sludge. The dynamics of the microbial-community shift were identified by 16S rRNA high-throughput pyrosequencing analysis. The Sulfurimonas genus was found to be enriched at 74.1% of total community and may play the most critical role in the high-rate BNR. The batch assay results reveal that no nitrite accumulation occurred during nitrate reduction because the nitrate reduction rate (75.90±0.67 mg N/g MLVSS/h) was almost equal to the nitrite reduction rate (66.06±1.28 mg N/g MLVSS/h) in the thiosulfate-driven granular sludge reactor. The results of this study provide support for the establishment of a high-rate BNR system that maintains its stability with a low sludge yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linqin Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xueqian Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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23
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Guo G, Hao T. Optimizing granulation of a sulfide-based autotrophic denitrification (SOAD) sludge: Reactor configuration and mixing mode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141626. [PMID: 32858296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Challenges such as long-term cultivation and sludge floatation are common in flocculent sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification (SOAD) systems. The present study aims to optimize the granulation of SOAD sludge by mainly adjusting the reactor configuration and mixing mode. Three liquid-lift upflow reactors viz. a reactor equipped with a three-phase separator (Reactor A), a modified version of Reactor A equipped with a hydraulic regulator (Reactor B), and a reactor with a mounted baffle and intermittent mechanical mixing (Reactor C). These reactors were operated for more than 160 days. The results showed that dense and compact granules with 200 μm of diameter developed within 40 days and gradually increased to approximately 400 μm in Reactor C, which had a volatile suspended solids (VSS) concentration of 7500 mg VSS/L of sludge concentration; this Reactor C was also subject to modified reactor configuration and operating conditions. In comparison, filamentous granules formed in Reactor A due to a low substrate loading and granules formed in Reactor B but with significant biomass loss caused by sludge flotation. Both of the reactors only have ≤1000 mg VSS/L VS 7500 mg VSS/L in Reactor C. Also, Reactor C having 0.77 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 0.94 kgNO3--N/m3 d & 1.87 kgS2--S/m3 d of nitrogen and sulfide loading rate, respectively, showed a better performance in terms of nitrate removal (89%) and sulfur conversion (above 70%) due to its enrichment by the typical autotrophic denitrifiers (39.0% of Thiobacillus, 22.4% of Sulfurimonas) in the granules. Our findings provide a method to optimize the design and operation of granulation reactors that can be extended to similar processes treating organic-deficient wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Sun S, Gu X, Zhang M, Tang L, He S, Huang J. Biological iron nitrogen cycle in ecological floating bed: Nitrogen removal improvement and nitrous oxide emission reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115842. [PMID: 33120338 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecological floating beds (EFBs) have become a superior method for treating secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant. However, insufficient electron donor limited its denitrification efficiency. Iron scraps from lathe cutting waste consist of more than 95% iron could be used as electron donors to enhance denitrification. In this study, EFBs with and without iron scraps supplementation (EFB-Fe and EFB, respectively) were conducted to explore the impacts of iron scraps addition on nitrogen removal, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and microbial communities. Results showed the total nitrogen (TN) removal in EFB-Fe improved to 79% while that in EFB was 56%. N2O emission was 0-6.20 mg m-2 d-1 (EFB-Fe) and 1.74-15.2 mg m-2 d-1 (EFB). Iron scraps could not only improve nitrogen removal efficiency, but also reduce N2O emissions. In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that adding iron scraps could improve the sum of denitrification related genera, among which Novosphingobium accounted for the highest proportion (6.75% of PFe1, 4.24% of PFe2, 3.18% of PFe3). Iron-oxidizing bacteria and iron-respiring bacteria associated with and nitrate reducing bacteria mainly concentrated on the surface of iron scraps. Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) indicated that iron scraps were the key factor affecting microbial community composition. The mechanism of iron scraps enhanced nitrogen removal was realized by enhanced biological denitrification process. Iron release dynamic from iron scraps was detected in bench-scale experiment and the electron transfer mechanism was that Fe0 transferred electrons directly to NO3--N, and biological iron nitrogen cycle occurred in EFB-Fe without secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Li Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design Institute, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Zhao B, Ma X, Xie F, Cui Y, Zhang X, Yue X. Development of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and anammox and in-situ analysis of microbial structure in a novel plug-flow membrane-aerated sludge blanket. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:142296. [PMID: 33182197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a novel one-stage plug-flow microaerobic sludge blanket (PMSB) with membrane aerated for treating low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio municipal sewage. The performance of simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and anammox in the reactor was investigated. The results illustrated that the removal efficiencies of ammonium and total nitrogen (TN) were 93.2% and 87.1% with a C/N ratio of 4. High throughput sequencing revealed that aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobe could co-exist at the same time in the sludge blanket. Meanwhile, a notable correlation between the oxygen concentration and the distance of the membrane module was analyzed. It was shown that the microbial community of functional bacteria developed in different aeration sites due to the oxygen concentration gradient. Microbial community structure was analyzed depending on the sludge stratification in the sludge blanket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Fei Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ying Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiuping Yue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
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Lin S, Hao T, Li X, Xiao Y, Chen G. Pin-point denitrification for groundwater purification without direct chemical dosing: Demonstration of a two-chamber sulfide-driven denitrifying microbial electrochemical system. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 182:115918. [PMID: 32531495 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nitrate concentration in groundwater has been increasing over time due to the intensive use of nitrogen fertilizer. Current nitrate removal technologies are restricted by the high operational cost or the inevitable secondary contaminations. This study proposed a two-chamber sulfide-driven denitrifying microbial electrochemical system to denitrify nitrate in its cathode chamber. Instead of conventional organic substrates, sulfide is oxidized in the anode chamber to generate electrons for cathodic denitrification. Long-term performance of this novel system was evaluated over 200 days (100 cycles) of batch-fed operation. With the assistance of anodic microorganisms, sulfide can be directly oxidized to sulfate thus avoiding passivating the anode. Catalyzed by the cathodic microorganisms, complete denitrification was realized with neither nitrite nor nitrous oxide accumulation. Benefiting from the electroautotrophic behavior of the functional microorganisms, high electron utilization efficiencies were achieved, 80% and 85% for the anode (sulfide oxidation) and the cathode (denitrification) respectively. Both observed electrode potentials and microbial analyses revealed that cytochrome c is the crucial electron transfer mediator in the cathodic electron transfer for denitrification. Based on the analysis of planktonic and biofilm microbial samples, anodic and cathodic extracellular electron transfer bioprocesses are proposed, both the direct and mediated electron transfers involved, as were revealed by immobilized and planktonic functional microorganisms, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of purifying nitrate-contaminated groundwater without sacrificing its water quality in a separate mode of treatment. This concept can be extended to a broader field, in which the water requires bio-polishing without introducing unwanted secondary pollution like the post-denitrification of wastewater effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Xiling Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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27
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Su J, Fan Y, Huang T, Wei L, Gao C. Modified PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) biomaterials as carriers for simultaneous removal of nitrate, Cd (II), and Mn (II): performance and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:28348-28359. [PMID: 32415452 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ecological toxicity and potential risks of heavy metals that coexist with nitrates in wastewater have aroused public attention. This study developed an immobilized Fe3O4@Cu/PVA mixotrophic reactor (Fe3O4@Cu/PVA-IMR) to investigate the effect of different Mn (II) concentrations (10 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1, and 90 mg L-1), Cd (II) concentrations (10 mg L-1, 20 mg L-1, and 30 mg L-1), and hydraulic retention time (HRT) (6 h, 8 h, and 10 h) on simultaneous nitrate, Cd (II), and Mn (II) removal. Using the advanced modified biomaterial Fe3O4@Cu/PVA as carrier to embed bacteria, the performance of the reactor was further improved. The surface morphology of Fe3O4@Cu/PVA was characterized by SEM as a rough surface three-dimensional skeleton structure. When the HRT was 10 h, Mn (II) and Cd (II) concentrations were 40 mg L-1 and 10 mg L-1, respectively, indicating that the immobilized Pseudomonas sp. H117 with Fe3O4@Cu/PVA achieved the highest nitrate, Cd (II), and Mn (II) removal efficiencies of 100% (1.64 mg L-1 h-1), 98.90% (0.92 mg L-1 h-1), and 92.26% (3.58 mg L-1 h-1), respectively. Compared with a reactor without Fe3O4@Cu/PVA addition, the corresponding removal ratio increased by 22.63%, 7.09%, and 15.96%. Gas chromatography (GC) identified nitrogen as the main gaseous product. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing showed that Pseudomonas sp. H117 plays a primary role in the denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Chunyu Gao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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28
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Su J, Liu J, Guo D. Application of a novel Polydopamine@EDTA@Fe3O4 material for efficient simultaneous nitrogen and nickel removal in an immobilized biofilm reactor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2019-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHigh NO3− and Ni(II) concentrations in mining wastewater pose a risk to public health. In this study, the NO3− and Ni(II) removal process was performed using a novel PDA@EDTA@Fe3O4 immobilization carrier. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT; 6, 8, and 10 h), along with Fe(II) (10, 15, and 20 mg/L) and Ni(II) (10, 20, and 30 mg/L) influent concentrations on the simultaneous removal of NO3− and Ni(II) were investigated in immobilized biofilm reactors. Results showed that the highest NO3− removal efficiency (97.78%) and Ni(II) removal efficiency (91.21%) were obtained in the immobilized biofilm reactor with PDA@EDTA@Fe3O4 under the conditions of 10 h HRT, influent Fe(II) concentrations of 20 mg/L and Ni(II) concentrations of 10 mg/L. High-throughput sequencing results confirmed that Cupriavidus sp.CC1 plays a major role in the functioning of the immobilized reactor. This process provides the potential for effective treatment of NO3− and Ni(II) polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyUniversity of South Australia An De College, 710055, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyUniversity of South Australia An De College, 710055, Xi’an, China
| | - Dongxin Guo
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055, Xi’an, China
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29
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Si Z, Song X, Wang Y, Cao X, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Ge X, Sand W. Untangling the nitrate removal pathways for a constructed wetland- sponge iron coupled system and the impacts of sponge iron on a wetland ecosystem. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122407. [PMID: 32135362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sponge iron (s-Fe0) is a potential alternative electron donor for nitrate reduction. To gain insight into the mechanism of denitrification in a constructed wetland- sponge iron coupled system (CW-Fe0 system), the removal performance and reduction characteristics of nitrate in constructed wetlands (CWs) with and without s-Fe0 application were compared. Results indicated that s-Fe0 intensified the removal of nitrate with a 6h-HRT. The nitrate removal efficiency was improved by 16-76 % with various influent NO3--N concentrations (10-30 mg L-1) and at a chemical oxygen demand(COD)/N ratio of 5. The rates of chemical denitrification were positively correlated with the dosage of s-Fe0 and negatively correlated with the influent COD concentration. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that hydrogen-utilizing autotrophic denitrifier of Hydrogenophaga was highly enriched (accounting for 10 % of the total OTUs) only in CW-Fe0 system. The micro-environment created by s-Fe0 was suitable for heterotrophic denitrifiers of Thauera, Tessaracoccus and Simplicispira. The determination of physiological indicators for plants showed that the application of s-Fe0 causes abiotic stress to wetland plants (Canna indica L.). Nevertheless, s-Fe0 can be used as a substrate for CWs, since it allows a high-efficiency removal of nitrate by mediating chemical denitrification and hydrogen-driven autotrophic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Si
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xin Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ge
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wolfgang Sand
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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30
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31
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The Evaluation of Simultaneous COD and Sulfate Removal at High COD/SO42− Ratio and Haloalkaline Condition. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Zan F, Dai J, Jiang F, Ekama GA, Chen G. Ground food waste discharge to sewer enhances methane gas emission: A lab-scale investigation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 174:115616. [PMID: 32145553 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emission of sulfide and methane from sewerage system has been a major concern for a long time. Sewers are now facing emerging challenges, such as receiving food waste (FW) to relieve the burdens on solid waste treatment. However, the knowledge of the direct impact of FW addition on sulfide and methane production in and emission from sewers is still lacking. In this study, two lab-scale sewer reactors, one without and one with FW addition, were continuously operated to investigate the production of sulfide and methane and microbial communities arising from FW discharge to freshwater sewerage system. The 190-day long-term monitoring and the batch tests on days 69 and 124 suggest that the FW addition has little impact on sulfide production possibly due to the limited sulfate concentration (40 mg S/L) but enhanced methane production by up to 60%. Moreover, cryosection-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that the FW addition significantly stimulated the accumulation of methanogenic archaea (MA) in sewer biofilms and altered the spatial distributions of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and MA. Moreover, the relative abundance of MA in biofilms with FW addition was higher than that without FW addition, whereas the relative abundance of SRB was similar. Metabolic pathway analysis for sulfidogenesis and methanogenesis indicates that sufficient substrates derived from the FW addition were biodegraded during fermentation to produce acetate and hydrogen, and consequently facilitate methanogenesis. These findings shed light on the impacts of changes in wastewater compositions (e.g., FW addition) on sulfide and methane production in the freshwater sewerage system for improved policy-making on sewer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Zan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji Dai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
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33
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Ma B, Xu X, Wei Y, Ge C, Peng Y. Recent advances in controlling denitritation for achieving denitratation/anammox in mainstream wastewater treatment plants. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122697. [PMID: 31902637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Denitratation (NO3-→NO2-)/anammox is a promising method for anammox application in mainstream wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to reduce oxygen and organic matter consumption. Achieving nitrite production via denitratation and controlling denitritation (NO2-→N2) is the basis of the denitratation/anammox process. To control denitritation, the denitrifying biocommunity and growth rate are critically reviewed for biocommunity optimization. Then, the short-term and long-term effects of pH on denitritation were summarized and the possible mechanism was discussed, along with the effect of C/N ratio and organic matter type on denitritation. Meanwhile, the strategies for producing nitrite via controlling denitritation are discussed, as well as the processes for achieving nitrogen removal via denitratation/anammox in WWTPs. Finally, the practical application of denitratation/anammox in a full-scale mainstream WWTP is documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chengjun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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34
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Biswal BK, Wang B, Tang CJ, Chen GH, Wu D. Elucidating the effect of mixing technologies on dynamics of microbial communities and their correlations with granular sludge properties in a high-rate sulfidogenic anaerobic bioreactor for saline wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122397. [PMID: 31757610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three lab-scale anaerobic sulfidogenic bioreactors were operated independently using three different mixing modes (hydraulic, mechanical and pneumatic). One-way ANOVA test indicated various performance parameters (e.g. sulfate reduction and sulfide production) and granular sludge properties (e.g. EPS and particle size) statistically different in three mixing modes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and OTUs-based network demonstrated bacterial composition greatly varied among the three mixing modes. The phylum Proteobacteria was predominant among the bacterial communities, and the genus Desulfobacter (35.1% in hydraulic, 31.1% in mechanical and 27.4% in pneumatic sample) was the most dominant SRB. The PCA/Pearson's correlation analysis confirmed SRB had significant positive relationship with sludge properties (e.g. particle size). PICRUSt data highlighted that bacterial communities contained diverse predicted functions including sulfur metabolism enzymes (sulfite reductase and adenylylsulfate reductase). The findings of this research could be helpful for selection of an appropriate mixing technology for anaerobic sulfidogenic or similar bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chong-Jian Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, and National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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35
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Cui YX, Biswal BK, van Loosdrecht MCM, Chen GH, Wu D. Long term performance and dynamics of microbial biofilm communities performing sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification in a moving-bed biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 166:115038. [PMID: 31505308 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification (SOAD) implemented in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a promising alternative to conventional heterotrophic denitrification in mainstream biological nitrogen removal. The sulfide-oxidation intermediate - elemental sulfur - is crucial for the kinetic and microbial properties of the sulfur-oxidizing bacterial communities, but its role is yet to be studied in depth. Hence, to investigate the performance and microbial communities of the aforementioned new biosystem, we operated for a long term a laboratory-scale (700 d) SOAD MBBR to treat synthetic saline domestic sewage, with an increase of the surface loading rate from 8 to 50 mg N/(m2·h) achieved by shortening the hydraulic retention time from 12 h to 2 h. The specific reaction rates of the reactor were eventually increased up to 0.37 kg N/(m3·d) and 0.73 kg S/(m3·d) for nitrate reduction and sulfide oxidation with no significant sulfur elemental accumulation. Two sulfur-oxidizing bacterial (SOB) clades, Sox-independent SOB (SOBI) and Sox-dependent SOB (SOBII), were responsible for indirect two-step sulfur oxidation (S2-→S0→SO42-) and direct one-step sulfur oxidation (S2-→SO42-), respectively. The SOBII biomass-specific electron transfer capacity could be around 2.5 times greater than that of SOBI (38 mmol e-/(gSOBII·d) versus 15 mmol e-/(gSOBI·d)), possibly resulting in the selection of SOBII over SOBI under stress conditions (such as a shorter HRT). Further studies on the methods and mechanism of selecting of SOBII over SOBI in biofilm reactors are recommended. Overall, the findings shed light on the design and operation of MBBR-based SOAD processes for mainstream biological denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xiang Cui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong China
| | | | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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36
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Cao S, Du R, Zhang H, Peng Y. Understanding the granulation of partial denitrification sludge for nitrite production. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124389. [PMID: 31344621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Partial-denitrification (PD) has previously been demonstrated to be another pathway for nitrite production, which provides a cost-effective approach for nitrate (NO3--N) removal through combing with anammox. In this study, the formation of PD granules was firstly investigated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with influent nitrate of 60 mg N/L. The granulation process was explored via the physicochemical and biological characterization. Sludge granulation initiated within the first 20 days with an average size of 93.7 μm in diameter, it experienced a developing, shaping and matured periods, with a maximum size of 709.3 μm obtained. High nitrite production of PD was always maintained during the granulation with a mean nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) of 88.3%, and in-situ maximum NO3-N reduction rate of 84.9 mg N/h/g VSS was obtained. Mature PD granules hold an excellent settling property with 5-min sludge volume index (SVI5) of 32.0 mL/g MLSS obtained and smooth surface with large amounts of rod bacteria covered. CaCO3 precipitates formed in the PD process played a vital role in the initial granulation, acting as the nucleus for cell attachment. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), mainly the proteins (PN) content, was found to be of supreme importance in granules developing and maintaining its structural stability. Besides, the abundance of Flavobacterium and norank_p__Gracilibacteria were revealed to be in accordance with the change of granules size, seemed to contribute to sludge granulation. The developed granule-based PD integrated with anammox process provides an engineering-feasible and economic-favorable solution for industrial nitrate wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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Zhao Q, Yu M, Lu H, Zhang YH, Biswal BK, Chen GH, Wu D. Formation and characterization of the micro-size granular sludge in denitrifying sulfur-conversion associated enhanced biological phosphorus removal (DS-EBPR) process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121871. [PMID: 31369924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying Sulfur conversion-associated Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (DS-EBPR) bioprocess has been recently developed for saline sewage treatment. This study investigated the applicability of granulation technology in DS-EBPR by long-term operation (272 days) of a lab-scale reactor to cultivate sludge granules, then analyzed important physicochemical and biological properties. The findings of this research showed that the net P removal and denitrification efficiencies in DS-EBPR were 80% and 98%, respectively. The average particle size was about 100 μm, and the ratio of SVI5 and SVI30 was <1.3, indicating the activated sludge was well aggregated as micro-granules. The dry density was between 32 and 56 mg/mL, and the specific surface area was 28 m2/g, demonstrating good microporous structure. FISH reveals absence of PAOs, but enriched with SRB (predominant) and denitrifying bacteria in the DS-EBPR granular sludge. Overall, this study provided essential characterization information of DS-EBPR granular sludge which can be used for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), and FYT Research Institute (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), and FYT Research Institute (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), and FYT Research Institute (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), and FYT Research Institute (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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Xue W, Zeng Q, Lin S, Zan F, Hao T, Lin Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Chen G. Recovery of high-value and scarce resources from biological wastewater treatment: Sulfated polysaccharides. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114889. [PMID: 31351352 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recovering materials with high value and increasing market demand from sewage and/or sludge is becoming more attractive than recovering traditional resources such as nutrients and biogas. Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) are valuable and scarce raw materials that can only be produced from marine algae and a few types of animal tissues. This study evaluated if SPs are present in activated sludge obtained from saline sewage with a high level of sulfates present. The presence of SPs-containing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was confirmed and quantified for both sludge from lab-scale reactors and full-scale plants for the first time. SPs in the sludge of a lab-scale reactor operated under alternating aerobic/anoxic conditions with 500 mg/L sulfate in the influent (which is typical of Hong Kong saline sewage) reached 342.8 ± 0.3% mg/gVSS, and sludge taken from a full-scale saline wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) contained 418.1 ± 0.4% mg/gVSS of SPs. Purity of the extracted SPs was comparable to that of commercial industrial-grade products. Key bioactivities of SPs (i.e. fucoidan, carrageenan and heparin), namely anti-angiogenesis, anticoagulant and antioxidant, were confirmed after extraction and purification. Interestingly, operating conditions had a strong influence on the contents and types of SPs synthesized in sludge as well as its bioactivities. Although the detailed synthetic pathways of SPs in activated sludge remain unclear, the current study has made a first attempt to recover a high-value scarce resource from biological wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Xue
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feixiang Zan
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China
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Qiu LQ, Zhang L, Tang K, Chen G, Kumar Khanal S, Lu H. Removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in sulfate-reducing flocculent and granular sludge systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121592. [PMID: 31176940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal and fate in sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) reactors inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) granules and flocs. The resilience of SRB granules and flocs against varying pHs and hydraulic retention times (HRTs) was also examined. SRB granules and flocs efficiently removed SMX from wastewater, which was significantly higher than the aerobic sludge. SRB granules achieved significantly (p < 0.05) higher SMX removal (∼13.3 μg/g suspended solids (SS)-d) than the SRB flocs (∼11.2 μg/g SS-d) during 150-day of SRUSB reactors operation. The SMX removal by both granules and flocs was mainly attributed to biodegradation. Sorption also contributed to SMX removal, in which aromatic protein-like substances of extracellular polymeric substances played important role in SMX removal. In addition, SRB granules showed higher resilience than SRB flocs against varying pHs and HRTs. Thus, SRB-mediated biological process, especially SRB granules, could be a promising biotechnology to remove SMX from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Qing Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China.
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Su JF, Zhang YM, Liang DH, Wang JX, Wang Z, Li M. Performance and microbial community of an immobilized biofilm reactor (IBR) for Mn(II)-based autotrophic and mixotrophic denitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121407. [PMID: 31078982 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An immobilized biofilm reactor (IBR) was established to treat nitrate using different electron donors. A novel material, Fe3O4@Cu/PVA, was synthesized as an adsorbent and bacterial immobilized carrier in the reactor. The optimum condition of nitrate removal were pH 7.0, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h under autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. Strain H-117 in the mixotrophic reactor had better adaptability to changes in the initial pH. The metabolism in the mixotrophic reactor was more vigorous than that in autotrophic reactor. The microbial communities and structures were evaluated to determine the nitrate removal mechanisms in this system. Microbial analyses demonstrated that different electron donor could influence the bacterial abundance and species in the IBR system. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in all IBRs and accounted for more than 50% of the total phyla. Pseudomonas and Rhizobium were the dominant contributor to the effective removal of nitrate in the IBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yuan Ming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Dong Hui Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia Xing Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Qian J, Zhang M, Niu J, Fu X, Pei X, Chang X, Wei L, Liu R, Chen GH, Jiang F. Roles of sulfite and internal recirculation on organic compound removal and the microbial community structure of a sulfur cycle-driven biological wastewater treatment process. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:825-833. [PMID: 30974375 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A sulfur cycle-driven bioprocess was developed for co-treatment wet flue gas desulfurization wastes with municipal sewage, as a result of sludge minimization. In this process, organics removal (one of the main objectives in sewage treatment) is closely associated with biological sulfate/sulfite reduction (BSR). In the previous studies, both the pros and corns of sulfite (SO32-) in microbial activities were demonstrated. In this study, we are motivated to unveil the detailed role of SO32- in organic compound removal in the sulfur conversion-associated process. In addition, the effect of internal recirculation (IR) of UASB reactor was also explored. The results demonstrated that sulfite does inhibit the organic removal rate via depressing the acetate oxidation to inorganic carbon. And the inhibition is reversible when influent sulfite concentration decreased from 400 to 132 mg S/L, corresponding to the relative sulfate/sulfite-reducing genera increased from 18.66 to 38.62%. And the fermenting-related bacteria significantly decreased when an internal recirculation was employed for the UASB reactor. The results of this study could shed light on the understanding of the roles of sulfite and IR in organic compound removal performance and microbial community structures in BSR, which could be in turn beneficial to optimize the organic removal capacity of the sulfur bionconversion-concerning sewage treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Juntao Niu
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rulong Liu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Effects of packing carriers and ultrasonication on membrane fouling and sludge properties of anaerobic side-stream reactor coupled membrane reactors for sludge reduction. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Cui YX, Biswal BK, Guo G, Deng YF, Huang H, Chen GH, Wu D. Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater using sulphur-driven autotrophic denitrification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6023-6039. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhang Y, Wei D, Morrison L, Ge Z, Zhan X, Li R. Nutrient removal through pyrrhotite autotrophic denitrification: Implications for eutrophication control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:287-296. [PMID: 30690363 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated nutrient removal kinetics and main influencing factors of natural pyrrhotite autotrophic denitrification (PAD), and nutrient removal performance and the microbial community in the PAD biofilter (PADB). Results demonstrated that both NO3- and PO43- in wastewater were nearly completely removed, and biological N removal and chemical P removal took place simultaneously in the PAD process. NO3- removal kinetics of the PAD can be described with half-order kinetics. The PAD was effective across a wide temperature range of 11-34 °C, initial NO3--N range of 13-52 mg·L-1 and PO43--P below 60 mg·L-1. Both NO3- and PO43- decreased gradually with wastewater flowing along the PADB. The PADB operation results show that at 12 h HRT, when the PADB treated wastewater containing 30.95 ± 0.97 mg·L-1 of NO3- and 3.02 ± 0.10 mg·L-1 of PO43--P, the effluent contained 1.15 ± 2.08 and 0.09 ± 0.11 mg·L-1 of NO3--N and PO43--P on average, respectively. In the PADB the dominant bacteria were Thiobacillus and Sulfurimonas, which used pyrrhotite as the electron donor to reduce NO3-. The relative abundance of Thiobacillus at the bottom of the PADB increased from 0.81% to 58.65% and that of Sulfurimonas decreased from 97.22% to 12.30%, with exposure to pyrrhotite. From the bottom to the top of the PADB, the relative abundance of Thiobacillus increased from 58.65% to 86.23% and Sulfurimonas decreased from 12.30% to 0.52%. Technologies based on the PAD are promising ways to control eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163# Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongyang Wei
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Liam Morrison
- Earth and Ocean Sciences and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Zhibin Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163# Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ruihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163# Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
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45
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Tsui TH, Ekama GA, Chen GH. Quantitative characterization and analysis of granule transformations: Role of intermittent gas sparging in a super high-rate anaerobic system. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 139:177-186. [PMID: 29649702 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of leveraging biomass characteristics is essential for achieving a microbial community with a desired structure to optimize anaerobic bioreactor performance. This study investigates the successive granule transformations in a high-rate anaerobic system with intermittent gas sparging and sequential increases in organic loading rates (OLRs), by establishing the correlations between the granule microstructures and reactor operating parameters. Over the course of a 196-day lab-scale trial, the granules were visualized in various stages using scanning electron microscopy, and digital image processing was applied for further quantifying their surface properties. Correlation analyses revealed that irregularities of the granule microstructures (surface properties, specific surface area and pore volume) emerged at stage 4 when the OLR was 13.31 kg COD/m3·day and in stage 5 in the absence of gas sparging. The loading ratio (substrate surface loading to upward velocity) was identified to be the main parameter controlling the granule transformations, and the surface structures were classified into three categories for further interpretation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses showed that the granule core started to hollow out from stage 4. It is also found that a rough granule surface helped accelerate the growth of the granular diameter under gas sparging. Overall, this study not only establish quantitative correlations between the granules microstructures and reactor operating parameters, but also shed light on the use of intermittent gas sparging to control the surface properties of anaerobic granules in high-rate anaerobic bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- To-Hung Tsui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Su JF, Liang DH, Wei L, Luo XX. Coupled Carbon, Mn(II), and Nitrogen Cycles in a Mixotrophic Biofilm Reactor and Microbial Community Structure. Chem Eng Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Su
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering; No. 13 Yanta Street, Beilin District 710055 Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering; No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District 150090 Harbin China
| | - Dong Hui Liang
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering; No. 13 Yanta Street, Beilin District 710055 Xi'an China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering; No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District 150090 Harbin China
| | - Xian Xin Luo
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering; No. 13 Yanta Street, Beilin District 710055 Xi'an China
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Wang B, Wu D, Zhang X, Mackey HR, Chen GH. Sludge flotation, its causes and control in granular sludge upflow reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6383-6392. [PMID: 29862447 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sludge flotation is a commonly reported and long-standing issue hindering not only the widespread implementation of upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB)-type bioreactors in wastewater treatment but also the development of novel anaerobic/anoxic treatment processes such as anammox, partial denitrification, and biological sulfate reduction. This review attempts to address the instability of UASB-type bioreactors due to sludge flotation. Possible causes of sludge flotation are classified into intrinsic and extrinsic ones. Extrinsic causes include substrate overloading, inappropriate carbon source, overloading of proteins or oils, insufficient reactor mixing, a low temperature, and a low pH. These unfavorable extrinsic conditions can lead to unexpected intrinsic changes in sludge granules, including high gas production, formation of hollow space inside the granules, filamentous bacterial overgrowth, inappropriate production of extracellular polymeric substances, and development of an adhesive granule surface. These intrinsic changes can increase the flotation potential of sludge through reducing the granule density and promoting gas entrapment. To control the sludge flotation problem, both preventive and corrective strategies are summarized. Preventive strategies include maintaining a temperature of 30-35 °C and a pH of 7-9, preventing substrate overloading, providing sufficient nutrients and multiple carbon sources in the influent, applying pre-acidification, and enhancing reactor mixing. If the causes of a sludge flotation incident cannot be identified quickly, corrective strategies including breaking up floating granules and dosing with chemicals such as Fe2+ and surfactants can be applied to suppress the flotation problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China. .,Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - XiaoLei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Sun R, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Chen GH, Jiang F. Realizing high-rate sulfur reduction under sulfate-rich conditions in a biological sulfide production system to treat metal-laden wastewater deficient in organic matter. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 131:239-245. [PMID: 29291485 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Biological sulfur reduction can theoretically produce sufficient sulfide to effectively remove and recover heavy metals in the treatment of organics-deficient sulfate-rich metal-laden wastewater such as acid mine drainage and metallurgic wastewater, using 75% less organics than biological sulfate reduction. However, it is still unknown whether sulfur reduction can indeed compete with sulfate reduction, particularly under high-strength sulfate conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term feasibility of biological sulfur reduction under high sulfate conditions in a lab-scale sulfur-reducing biological sulfide production (BSP) system with sublimed sulfur added. In the 169-day trial, an average sulfide production rate (SPR) as high as 47 ± 9 mg S/L-h was achieved in the absence of sulfate, and the average SPR under sulfate-rich conditions was similar (53 ± 10 mg S/L-h) when 1300 mg S/L sulfate were fed with the influent. Interestingly, sulfate was barely reduced even at such a high strength and contributed to only 1.5% of total sulfide production. Desulfomicrobium was identified as the predominant sulfidogenic bacterium in the bioreactor. Batch tests further revealed that this sulfidogenic bacteria used elemental sulfur as the electron acceptor instead of the highly bioavailable sulfate, during which polysulfide acted as an intermediate, leading to an even higher bioavailability of sulfur than sulfate. The pathway of sulfur to sulfide conversion via polysulfide in the presence of both sulfur and sulfate was discussed. Collectively, when conditions favor polysulfide formation, sulfur reduction can be a promising and attractive technology to realize a high-rate and low-cost BSP process for treating sulfate-rich metal-laden wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Sun
- School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Zefeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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49
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Peng X, Tang T, Zhu X, Jia G, Ding Y, Chen Y, Yang Y, Tang W. Remediation of acid mine drainage using microbial fuel cell based on sludge anaerobic fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2400-2409. [PMID: 27852149 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1262462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to utilize the microbial fuel cell for removing metals and sulfate from acid mine drainage using sewage sludge organics and simultaneous electricity generation. The enriched sulfate-reducing mixed culture was used as the cathodic biofilm and the sludge as the substrate. Under anaerobic conditions, 71.2% sulfate, 99.7% heavy metals, and 51.6% total chemical oxygen demand are removed at an electrode spacing of 4 cm and a sludge concentration of 30% (v/v) after 10-day treatment. A maximum power density of 51.3 mW/m2 is obtained. Approximately 79.5% of the dissipated sulfate is converted to element sulfur or polysulfides. The sulfide concentration is kept at below 20 mg-S/L. The concentrations of heavy metals are in the range of 0.02-0.06 mg/L in the effluent, which are far below the levels required by Chinese legislation. Microbial community analysis reveals that sulfate-reducing bacteria in Desulfuromonadales are dominant on the cathodic biofilm at the end of experiments. This study shows the potential of synchronous degradation of residual sludge and treatment of AMD with electricity harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Peng
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianle Tang
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
- b School of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine , Hainan Medical University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiao Zhu
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohui Jia
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanran Ding
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Chen
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Tang
- a College of Environment and Plant Protection , Hainan University , Haikou Hainan , People's Republic of China
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50
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Zhang Y, Yu M, Guo J, Wu D, Hua ZS, Chen GH, Lu H. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of core functional bacteria and their synergetic and competitive interactions in denitrifying sulfur conversion-assisted enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10927. [PMID: 28883665 PMCID: PMC5589776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Denitrifying sulfur conversion-assisted enhanced biological phosphorus removal (DS-EBPR) has recently been developed for simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus from saline sewage with minimal sludge production. This novel process could potentially enable sustainable wastewater treatment. Yet, the core functional bacteria and their roles are unknown. Here, we used high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing coupled with principal coordinates analysis and ANOVA with Tukey's test to unravel the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of functional bacteria and their synergetic and competitive interactions. We did not find any obvious spatial heterogeneity within the bacterial population in different size-fractionated sludge samples, but the main functional bacteria varied significantly with operation time. Thauera was enriched (9.26~13.63%) as become the core functional genus in the DS-EBPR reactors and links denitrifying phosphorus removal to sulfide oxidation. The other two functional genera were sulfate-reducing Desulfobacter (4.31~12.85%) and nitrate-reducing and sulfide-oxidizing Thiobacillus (4.79~9.92%). These bacteria cooperated in the DS-EBPR process: Desulfobacter reduced sulfate to sulfide for utilization by Thiobacillus, while Thauera and Thiobacillus competed for nitrate and sulfide as well as Thauera and Desulfobacter competed for acetate. This study is the first to unravel the interactions among core functional bacteria in DS-EBPR, thus improving our understanding of how this removal process works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Mei Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Shuang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch), Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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