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Li X, Li S, Xie P, Chen X, Chu Y, Chang H, Sun J, Li Q, Ren N, Ho SH. Advanced wastewater treatment with microalgae-indigenous bacterial interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 20:100374. [PMID: 38283868 PMCID: PMC10821166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Microalgal-indigenous bacterial wastewater treatment (MBWT) emerges as a promising approach for the concurrent removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Despite its potential, the prevalent use of MBWT in batch systems limits its broader application. Furthermore, the success of MBWT critically depends on the stable self-adaptation and synergistic interactions between microalgae and indigenous bacteria, yet the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we explore the viability and microbial dynamics of a continuous flow microalgae-indigenous bacteria advanced wastewater treatment system (CFMBAWTS) in processing actual secondary effluent, with a focus on varying hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The research highlights a stable, mutually beneficial relationship between indigenous bacteria and microalgae. Microalgae and indigenous bacteria can create an optimal environment for each other by providing essential cofactors (like iron, vitamins, and indole-3-acetic acid), oxygen, dissolved organic matter, and tryptophan. This collaboration leads to effective microbial growth, enhanced N and P removal, and energy generation. The study also uncovers crucial metabolic pathways, functional genes, and patterns of microbial succession. Significantly, the effluent NH4+-N and P levels complied with the Chinese national Class-II, Class-V, Class-IA, and Class-IB wastewater discharge standards when the HRT was reduced from 15 to 6 h. Optimal results, including the highest rates of CO2 fixation (1.23 g L-1), total energy yield (32.35 kJ L-1), and the maximal lipid (33.91%) and carbohydrate (41.91%) content, were observed at an HRT of 15 h. Overall, this study not only confirms the feasibility of CFMBAWTS but also lays a crucial foundation for enhancing our understanding of this technology and propelling its practical application in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yuhao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Haixing Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- Central Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Central Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, PR China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Pompei CME, Ruas G, Bolzani HR, Fernandes LM, Silva GHRD. The influence of light intensities and micropollutants on the removal of total coliforms and E. coli from wastewater in a flat-panel photobioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123935. [PMID: 38599269 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The presence of micropollutants and pathogens in sanitary wastewater and surface water is a growing concern that impacts public health, environmental balance and the maintenance of water supply services. To improve sanitary wastewater treatment, it is necessary to develop and improve sustainable technologies. Among the available options, microalgae-based systems stand out for their efficiency and generation of value-added byproducts. To study the impact of luminosity and the presence of micropollutants (13 selected) on the removal of E. coli and total coliforms from real anaerobically treated wastewater, a pilot flat-panel photobioreactor (50 L) was operated in batch mode in a tropical climate region. This is the first study to evaluate whether micropollutants interfere with coliform groups, considering a microalgae-based system and an experiment in a tropical climate region. E. coli had better removal (from 104 to 101 CFU 100 mL-1) than did total coliforms (from 104 to 103 CFU 100 mL-1). The removal of E. coli was more strongly linked to luminosity and temperature, while the removal of total coliforms was influenced by the presence of the selected micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moço Erba Pompei
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering Bauru, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Graziele Ruas
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering Bauru, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Renan Bolzani
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering Bauru, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Maria Fernandes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering Bauru, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Wang X, He GH, Wang ZY, Xu HY, Mou JH, Qin ZH, Lin CSK, Yang WD, Zhang Y, Li HY. Purple acid phosphatase promoted hydrolysis of organophosphate pesticides in microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 18:100318. [PMID: 37860829 PMCID: PMC10582367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
When organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are not used and handled in accordance with the current rules and standards, it results in serious threats to the aquatic environment and human health. Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a prospective microalgae-based system for pollutant removal and carbon sequestration. Genetically engineered P. tricornutum, designated as the OE line (endogenously expressing purple acid phosphatase 1 [PAP1]), can utilize organic phosphorus for cellular metabolism. However, the competencies and mechanisms of the microalgae-based system (namely the OE line of P. tricornutum) for metabolizing OPs remain to be addressed. In this study, the OE line exhibited the effective biodegradation competencies of 72.12% and 68.2% for 30 mg L-1 of dichlorvos and 50 mg L-1 of glyphosate, accompanied by synergistic accumulations of biomass (0.91 and 0.95 g L-1) and lipids (32.71% and 32.08%), respectively. Furthermore, the biodiesel properties of the lipids from the OE line manifested a high potential as an alternative feedstock for microalgae-based biofuel production. A plausible mechanism of OPs biodegraded by overexpressed PAP1 is that sufficient inorganic P for adenosine triphosphate and concurrent carbon flux for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate biosynthesis, which improved the OP tolerance and biodegradation competencies by regulating the antioxidant system, delaying programmed cell death and accumulating lipids via the upregulation of related genes. To sum up, this study demonstrates a potential strategy using a genetically engineered strain of P. tricornutum to remove high concentrations of OPs with the simultaneous production of biomass and biofuels, which might provide novel insights for microalgae-based pollutant biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Guo-Hui He
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhen-Yao Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Hui-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jin-Hua Mou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Zi-Hao Qin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wei-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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de Morais EG, Sampaio ICF, Gonzalez-Flo E, Ferrer I, Uggetti E, García J. Microalgae harvesting for wastewater treatment and resources recovery: A review. N Biotechnol 2023; 78:84-94. [PMID: 37820831 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment has been conceived to obtain reclaimed water and produce microalgal biomass for bio-based products and biofuels generation. However, microalgal biomass harvesting is challenging and expensive, hence one of the main bottlenecks for full-scale implementation. Finding an integrated approach that covers concepts of engineering, green chemistry and the application of microbial anabolism driven towards the harvesting processes, is mandatory for the widespread establishment of full-scale microalgae wastewater treatment plants. By using nature-based substances and applying concepts of chemical functionalization in already established harvesting methods, the costs of harvesting processes could be reduced while preventing microalgae biomass contamination. Moreover, microalgae produced during wastewater treatment have unique culture characteristics, such as the consortia, which are primarily composed of microalgae and bacteria, that should be accounted for prior to downstream processing. The aim of this review is to examine recent advances in microalgal biomass harvesting and recovery in wastewater treatment systems, considering the impact of consortia variability. The costs of available harvesting technologies, such as coagulation/flocculation, coupled to sedimentation and differential air flotation, are provided. Additionally, promising technologies are discussed, including autoflocculation, bioflocculation, new filtration materials, nanotechnology, microfluidic and magnetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etiele Greque de Morais
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Carvalho Fontes Sampaio
- CPID - Espírito Santo's Center for Research, Innovation and Development, Eliezer Batista hill, Jardim América, 29140-130 Cariacica, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Flo
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Building C5.1, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrica Uggetti
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Bedane DT, Asfaw SL. Microalgae and co-culture for polishing pollutants of anaerobically treated agro-processing industry wastewater: the case of slaughterhouse. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:81. [PMID: 38647578 PMCID: PMC10992203 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaerobically treated slaughterhouse effluent is rich in nutrients, organic matter, and cause eutrophication if discharged to the environment without proper further treatment. Moreover, phosphorus and nitrogen in agro-processing industry wastewaters are mainly removed in the tertiary treatment phase. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pollutant removal efficiency of Chlorella and Scenedesmus species as well as their co-culture treating two-phase anaerobic digester effluent through microalgae biomass production. The dimensions of the rectangular photobioreactor used to conduct the experiment are 15 cm in height, 20 cm in width, and 30 cm in length. Removal efficiencies between 86.74-93.11%, 96.74-97.47%, 91.49-92.91%, 97.94-99.46%, 89.22-94.28%, and 91.08-95.31% were attained for chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, total phosphorous, and orthophosphate by Chlorella species, Scenedesmus species, and their co-culture, respectively. The average biomass productivity and biomass yield of Chlorella species, Scenedesmus species, and their co-culture were 1.4 ± 0.1, 1.17 ± 0.12, 1.5 ± 0.13 g/L, and 0.18, 0.21, and 0.23 g/L*day, respectively. The final effluent quality in terms of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous attained by Chlorella species and the co-culture were below the permissible discharge limit for slaughterhouse effluent standards in the country (Ethiopia). The results of the study showed that the use of microalgae as well as their co-culture for polishing the nutrients and residual organic matter in the anaerobically treated agro-processing industry effluent offers a promising result for wastewater remediation and biomass production. In general, Chlorella and Scenedesmus species microalgae and their co-culture can be applied as an alternative for nutrient removal from anaerobically treated slaughterhouse wastewater as well as biomass production that can be used for bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejene Tsegaye Bedane
- Center for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Seyoum Leta Asfaw
- Center for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Zhang S, Rasool G, Wang S, Zhang Y, Guo X, Wei Z, Zhang X, Yang X, Wang T. Biochar and Chlorella increase rice yield by improving saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties and regulating bacteria under aquaculture wastewater irrigation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139850. [PMID: 37604341 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of biochar and Chlorella under aquaculture wastewater irrigation in improving saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and rice yield, is not yet clear. This study utilized soil physicochemical indicators and gene sequencing to examine the effect of salinity stress, biochar and Chlorella under aquaculture wastewater irrigation on soil properties, bacterial community compositions, and rice production. Treatments included three factors in a randomized complete block design with three replications: (i) Biochar - 40 tons ha -1 (BW) versus no-biochar (BN); (ii) Salinity - 3‰ salinity (SH) versus 1‰ salinity (SL); and (iii) Chlorella - with 107 cells mL -1 Chlorella (CW) versus no-Chlorella (CN). The results revealed that increased salinity adversely affected the soil nutrients (TOC, NO3⁻-N, NH4+-N, Olsen-P), and enzyme activity (urease, sucrase, catalase), resulting in a 9.67% reduction in rice yield compared to SL treatment. However, the close correlation between alterations in soil bacterial communities, functions, and soil physicochemical properties, as well as rice yield, indicated that biochar and Chlorella promoted rice yield by enhancing the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil and bacterial community when irrigated with aquaculture wastewater: (1) addition of biochar increased the146.05% rice yield by increasing TOC content, the complexity of bacterial co-occurrence patterns, nitrogen fixation potential, and nitrification potential, (2) addition of Chlorella increased TOC, NO3⁻-N, NH4+-N, enhanced urease, sucrase, catalase activity, and nitrification potential to increased rice yield by 60.29%, and (3) compared with the treatment T3 (SHBNCN), the treatments with biochar (BW) and Chlorella (CW) increased the yield by 561.30% and 445.03% under 1‰ and 3‰ salinity, respectively. These findings provide novel perspectives on the capacity of biochar and Chlorella to improve saline-alkali soil properties and increase rice yield irrigated with aquaculture wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Ghulam Rasool
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China; College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China
| | - Shou Wang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Xiangping Guo
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China.
| | - Zhejun Wei
- Plant Nutrition and Fertilization Department, Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Chongzuo, 532415, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Institute of Rural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Conservation, Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, 210017, China
| | - Tongshun Wang
- Institute of Rural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Conservation, Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, 210017, China
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Masojídek J, Lhotský R, Štěrbová K, Zittelli GC, Torzillo G. Solar bioreactors used for the industrial production of microalgae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6439-6458. [PMID: 37725140 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are excellent sources of biomass containing several important compounds for human and animal nutrition-proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, pigments and antioxidants as well as bioactive secondary metabolites. In addition, they have a great biotechnological potential for nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals as well as for CO2 sequestration, wastewater treatment, and potentially also biofuel and biopolymer production. In this review, the industrial production of the most frequently used microalgae genera-Arthrospira, Chlorella, Dunaliella, Haematococcus, Nannochloropsis, Phaeodactylum, Porphyridium and several other species is discussed as concerns the applicability of the most widely used large-scale systems, solar bioreactors (SBRs)-open ponds, raceways, cascades, sleeves, columns, flat panels, tubular systems and others. Microalgae culturing is a complex process in which bioreactor operating parameters and physiological variables closely interact. The requirements of the biological system-microalgae culture are crucial to select the suitable type of SBR. When designing a cultivation process, the phototrophic production of microalgae biomass, it is necessary to employ SBRs that are adequately designed, built and operated to satisfy the physiological requirements of the selected microalgae species, considering also local climate. Moreover, scaling up microalgae cultures for commercial production requires qualified staff working out a suitable cultivation regime. KEY POINTS: • Large-scale solar bioreactors designed for microalgae culturing. • Most frequently used microalgae genera for commercial production. • Scale-up requires suitable cultivation conditions and well-elaborated protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Masojídek
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Science, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Richard Lhotský
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Science, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Štěrbová
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Science, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | | | - Giuseppe Torzillo
- Istituto Per La Bioeconomia, CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Centro de Investigation en Ciencias del Mar Y Limnologia (CIMAR), Ciudad de La Investigation, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
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Ali A, Khalid Z, Ahmed A A, Ajarem JS. Wastewater treatment by using microalgae: Insights into fate, transport, and associated challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139501. [PMID: 37453525 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of wastewater with microalgae is a new topic that concentrates on devising a cost-effective and environmentally beneficial method. Multiple microalgae and bacterial consortiums have recently been evaluated to determine if they can purify effluent from various sources. Critical to a system's efficacy is its ability to remove nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and heavy metals such as arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu). This study compared traditional wastewater treatment systems to microalgae-based systems for treating different types of wastewater. The research investigates the potential for microalgae to cleanse wastewater. The research also evaluates wastewater parameters, methods, and scientific techniques for extracting nutrients and heavy metals from polluted water. According to the literature, Microalgae can remove between 98.7% and 100% of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and heavy metals from various effluents. The paper concludes by discussing the difficulties of using microalgae to remediate wastewater. The elimination of nutrients from the effluent is influenced by biomass production, osmotic capacity, temperature, pH, and O2 concentration. Therefore, a "pilot" study is recommended to investigate contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zunera Khalid
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Allam Ahmed A
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Jamaan S Ajarem
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Li Q, Xu Y, Liang C, Peng L, Zhou Y. Nitrogen removal by algal-bacterial consortium during mainstream wastewater treatment: Transformation mechanisms and potential N 2O mitigation. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119890. [PMID: 36958220 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated nitrogen transformation pathways of the algal-bacterial consortium as well as its potential in reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in enclosed, open and aerated reactors. The results confirmed the superior ammonium removal performance of the algal-bacterial consortium relative to the single algae (Chlorella vulgaris) or the activated sludge, achieving the highest efficiency at 100% and the highest rate of 7.34 mg N g MLSS-1 h-1 in the open reactor with glucose. Enhanced total nitrogen (TN) removal (to 74.6%) by the algal-bacterial consortium was achieved via mixotrophic algal assimilation and bacterial denitrification under oxygen-limited and glucose-sufficient conditions. Nitrogen distribution indicated that ammonia oxidation (∼41.8%) and algal assimilation (∼43.5%) were the main pathways to remove ammonium by the algal-bacterial consortium. TN removal by the algal-bacterial consortium was primarily achieved by algal assimilation (28.1-40.8%), followed by bacterial denitrification (2.9-26.5%). Furthermore, the algal-bacterial consortium contributed to N2O mitigation compared with the activated sludge, reducing N2O production by 35.5-55.0% via autotrophic pathways and by 81.0-93.6% via mixotrophic pathways. Nitrogen assimilation by algae was boosted with the addition of glucose and thus largely restrained N2O production from nitrification and denitrification. The synergism between algae and bacteria was also conducive to an enhanced N2O reduction by denitrification and reduced direct/indirect carbon emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanzhou Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore
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10
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Oliveira APDS, Assemany P, Covell L, Calijuri ML. Copper multifaceted interferences during swine wastewater treatment in high-rate algal ponds: alterations on nutrient removal, biomass composition and resource recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121364. [PMID: 36849087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae cultivation in swine wastewater (SW) allows the removal of nutrients and biomass production. However, SW is known for its Cu contamination, and its effects on algae cultivation systems such as high-rate algal ponds (HRAPs) are poorly understood. This gap in the literature limits the proposition of adequate concentrations of Cu to optimise SW treatment and resource recovery in HRAPs. For this assessment, 12 HRAPs installed outdoors were operated with 800 L of SW with different Cu concentrations (0.1-4.0 mg/L). Cu's interferences on the growth and composition of biomass and nutrient removal from SW were investigated through mass balance and experimental modelling. The results showed that the concentration of 1.0 mg Cu/L stimulated microalgae growth, and above 3.0 mg Cu/L caused inhibition accompanied by an accumulation of H2O2. Furthermore, Cu affected the contents of lipids and carotenoids observed in the biomass; the highest concentration was observed in the control (16%) and 0.5 mg Cu/L (1.6 mg/g), respectively. An innovative result was verified for nutrient removal, in which increased Cu concentration reduced the N-NH4+ removal rate. In contrast, the soluble P removal rate was enhanced by 2.0 mg Cu/L. Removal of soluble Cu in treated SW reached 91%. However, the action of microalgae in this process was not associated with assimilation but with a pH increase resulting from photosynthesis. A preliminary evaluation of economic viability showed that the commercialisation of biomass considering the concentration of carotenoids obtained in HRAPs with 0.5 mg Cu/L could be economically attractive. In conclusion, Cu affected the different parameters evaluated in this study in a complex way. This can help managers consort nutrient removal, biomass production, and resource recovery, providing information for possible industrial exploitation of the generated bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Assemany
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras), Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Covell
- Department of Plant Biology, Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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11
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Yang H, Xin X. CO 2 capture and lipid production performance of microalgae in the S-shaped photobioreactor under different culture modes. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 165:110194. [PMID: 36682097 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An S-shaped photobioreactor was designed by adding grooves and baffles in the traditional photobioreactor to improve the culture efficiency of microalgae. After that, the parameters of the characterization of the S-shaped photobioreactor, such as the mixing time, gas holdup, and gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient, were determined. The biomass, lipid production rate, and average CO2 capture rate of microalgae were then analyzed under different culture modes. Finally, the feasibility of using digested piggery wastewater combined with simulated flue gas was explored as a culture mode for the microalgae and the lipid properties of the microalgae were analyzed. The results revealed that, at a flow rate of 0.08 vvm, the mixing time was reduced by 8.5 s, the gas hold-up increased by 44.6% and the gas-liquid mass transfer ability was also improved. Improvements were also observed in the biomass values, lipid production rate, and average CO2 capture rate of the microalgae under different culture conditions, with respective values reaching 0.23 g·(L·d)-1, 70.28 mg·(L·d)-1, and 0.43 g·(L·d)-1 under the mixotrophic mode. Additionally, digested piggery wastewater combined with the simulated microalgae flue gas culture was determined to be feasible. The biomass, lipid production rate, and the average CO2 capture rate of microalgae, the values of which were 0.22 g·(L·d)-1, 52.55 mg·(L·d)-1, and 0.41 g·(L·d)-1, respectively. Lipid was observed to have the potential to produce high-quality biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xin Xin
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China.
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12
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Zhou L, Liu W, Duan H, Dong H, Li J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Ding S, Xu T, Guo B. Improved effects of combined application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter beijerinckii and microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa on wheat growth and saline-alkali soil quality. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137409. [PMID: 36457265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization seriously affects crop yield and soil productivity. The application of bacteria and microalgae has been considered as a promising strategy to alleviate soil salinization. However, the effect of bacteria-microalgae symbiosis on saline-alkali land is still unclear. This study evaluated the effects of Azotobacter beijerinckii, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and their combined application on the wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement. The results showed that, among all the treatments, A. beijerinckii + live C. pyrenoidosa combined inoculation group (BA) had the best effect on increasing wheat plant biomass, improving salt tolerance, and improving soil fertility. The dry weight of wheat plant in the BA group increased by 66.7%, 17.4%, and 35.0%, respectively, compared with the control group (CK), A. beijerinckii inoculation group (B), and live C. pyrenoidosa inoculation group (A). The total nitrogen content of wheat plant in the BA group increased by 69.5%, 76.7%, and 71.1%, compared with the CK, B, and A group. The proline content of wheat plant in the BA group was 100% higher than that in the CK group. The N/P ratio and K/Na ratio of wheat plant increased by 157% and 12.9% in the BA group compared with the CK group, respectively, which was more conducive to alleviating nitrogen limitation and salt stress. The A. beijerinckii + live C. pyrenoidosa inoculation treatment better reduced soil pH and improved the availability of phosphorus in soil. This study illustrated the comprehensive application prospects of bacteria-microalgae interactions on wheat growth promotion and soil improvement in saline-alkali land, and provided a new effective strategy for improving saline-alkali soil quality and increasing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiu Zhou
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Huijie Duan
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haiwen Dong
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuxi Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
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13
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Yang M, Dong X, Zhu Y, Song J, Wei J, Wu Z, Zhao Y. Effect of different mixed light-emitting diode light wavelengths on CO 2 absorption from biogas and nutrient removal from biogas slurry by microalgae and fungi induced using strigolactone and endophytic bacteria. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10812. [PMID: 36433882 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biogas and biogas slurry were simultaneously treated using two symbiotic systems: Chlorella vulgaris-Ganoderma lucidum-S395-2 (endophytic bacteria) and Scenedesmus obliquus-G. lucidum-S395-2. The influence of different mixed illumination (red and blue) intensity ratios on the algal symbionts' extracellular carbonic anhydrase activities was investigated, as well as the rates of microalgal growth and photosynthesis. The treatment performance was simultaneously assessed in terms of the efficiency of organic matter or nutrient removal and the level of CO2 absorption. The results indicated that red-blue light combinations with an intensity ratio of 5:5 were optimal. When comparing the performance of the two symbiotic systems, the C. vulgaris-G. lucidum-S395-2 symbiont co-culture system achieved significantly improved photosynthetic rates, biomass growth, and treatment effects. Under the optimal treatment conditions, the organic matter and nutrient removal rates were 81.06% ± 7.06% for chemical oxygen demand, 82.32% ± 7.18% for total nitrogen, and 82.98% ± 7.26% for total phosphorus. In addition, the rate of CO2 removal from biogas was 63.38% ± 5.35%. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The red and blue light intensity ratio of 5:5 showed the best removal performance. C. vulgaris-G. lucidum-S395-2 system obtained the best photosynthetic performance. The carbonic anhydrase activity had positive effects on CO2 removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Yang
- College of life sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuechang Dong
- College of life sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- College of life sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Song
- College of life sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wei
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- College of agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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14
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Yang W, Li S, Qv M, Dai D, Liu D, Wang W, Tang C, Zhu L. Microalgal cultivation for the upgraded biogas by removing CO 2, coupled with the treatment of slurry from anaerobic digestion: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128118. [PMID: 36252758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biogas is the gaseous by product generated from anaerobic digestion (AD), which is mainly composed of methane and CO2. Numerous independent studies have suggested that microalgae cultivation could achieve high efficiency for nutrient uptake or CO2 capture from AD, respectively. However, there is no comprehensive review on the purifying slurry from AD and simultaneously upgrading biogas via microalgal cultivation technology. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting and discussing an information integration system based on microalgal technology. Furthermore, the review elaborates the mechanisms, configurations, and influencing factors of integrated system and analyzes the possible challenges for practical engineering applications and provides some feasibility suggestions eventually. There is hope that this review will offer a worthwhile and practical guideline to researchers, authorities and potential stakeholders, to promote this industry for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Yang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Mingxiang Qv
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Dian Dai
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Chunming Tang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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15
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Zhou X, Zhang C, Li Y, Xiong X, Wang Y, Rong S. Promoted microbial denitrification and carbon dioxide fixation via photogenerated electrons stored in novel core/shell memory photocatalysts in darkness. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135259. [PMID: 35675870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excess nitrogen in water and greenhouse gases, especially atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) from the rapid development of modern society have become an acute threat to the environment. Herein, novel core/shell structured g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst was fabricated by coating g-C3N4 on the surface of WO3 nanoparticles and applied in the simultaneous coupling of memory photocatalysts and microbial communities (SCMPMC) for the synergistic removal of microbial nitrate and CO2 fixation in darkness. The results showed that ∼98.6% of nitrate was removed and ∼17.7% of CO2 was fixed in darkness by microorganisms in the presence of g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst within 48 h. Besides, the investigation of the mechanism evidenced that g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst can promote electron transfer in the SCMPMC system. Moreover, key enzyme activities (i.e., NAR, NIR, CAT, and ETSA) were accelerated, indicating that the activities of enzymes within microorganisms could be remarkably enhanced by the continuous release of stored electrons by the g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst in the dark. Furthermore, microbial community analysis revealed that the g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst increased the relative abundance of denitrifiers (i.e., Acidobacterota, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria) and CO2-assimilating microorganisms (i.e., Pseudomonas), in the treated communities compared with the original community in river sediment, demonstrating the positive effects of g-C3N4@WO3 memory photocatalyst on river sediment microbial communities. The results in this study could shed new light on the establishment of promising synergistic microbial nitrate removal and CO2 fixation methods and mechanisms in darkness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Xikang Road #1, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Xinyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Shengxiang Rong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
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16
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Economic Assessment of Energy Consumption in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Applicability of Alternative Nature-Based Technologies in Portugal. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14132042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how to address today’s global challenges is critical to improving corporate performance in terms of economic and environmental sustainability. In wastewater treatment systems, such an approach implies integrating efficient treatment technologies with aspects of the circular economy. In this business field, energy costs represent a large share of operating costs. This work discusses technological and management aspects leading to greater energy savings in Portuguese wastewater treatment companies. A mixed methodology, involving qualitative and quantitative aspects, for collecting and analysing data from wastewater treatment plants was used. The qualitative aspects consisted of a narrative analysis of the information available on reports and websites for 11 wastewater management companies in Portugal (e.g., technologies, treated wastewater volumes and operating costs) followed by a review of several international studies. The quantitative approach involved calculating the specific energy consumption (kWh/m3), energy operating costs (EUR/m3) and energy operating costs per population equivalent (EUR/inhabitants) using data from the literature and from Portuguese companies collected from the SABI database. The results suggested that the most environmentally and economically sustainable solution is algae-based technology which might allow a reduction in energy operating costs between 0.05–0.41 EUR/m3 and 15.4–180.8 EUR/inhabitants compared to activated sludge and other conventional methods. This technology, in addition to being financially advantageous, provides the ability to eliminate the carbon footprint and the valorisation of algae biomass, suggesting that this biotechnology is starting to position itself as a mandatory future solution in the wastewater treatment sector.
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17
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Kube M, Fan L, Roddick F, Whitton R, Pidou M, Jefferson B. High rate algal systems for treating wastewater: A comparison. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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18
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Zhao G, Wang X, Hong Y, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhai Q, Zhang H. Attached cultivation of microalgae on rational carriers for swine wastewater treatment and biomass harvesting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127014. [PMID: 35307525 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Attachment effects of six carrier materials on the cultivation of high-value microalga Scenedesmus sp. LX1 in diluted swine wastewater were investigated. The results showed that when the initial algal densities were 5×105 cells/mL and 1×106 cells/mL in sterilized wastewater with 20-fold dilution, the biomass of microalgae attaching to geotextile was the highest. The contact angle and surface structure of the material affected the attachment of microalgae. Further, among the four dilutions, the highest attached biomass on geotextile was 414.47 mg/L in the sterilized wastewater at 20-fold, but the pollutants removal rate and attached biomass were higher in the non-sterile wastewater in the other three dilutions (original wastewater, 5-fold, 10-fold). Next, the microalgae were able to remove pollutants with the highest removal rates of COD, TN, NH4+-N and TP reaching to 86.92%, 60.75%, 71.81% and 96.13%. Moreover, the microalga was found to accumulate high-value products especially protein as high as 44.57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingyu Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongkai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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19
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Singh V, Mishra V. Evaluation of the effects of input variables on the growth of two microalgae classes during wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118165. [PMID: 35183015 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment carried out by microalgae is usually affected by the type of algal strain and the combination of cultivation parameters provided during the process. Every microalga strain has a different tolerance level towards cultivation parameters, including temperature, pH, light intensity, CO2 content, initial inoculum level, pretreatment method, reactor type and nutrient concentration in wastewater. Therefore, it is vital to supply the right combination of cultivation parameters to increase the wastewater treatment efficiency and biomass productivity of different microalgae classes. In the current investigation, the decision tree was used to analyse the dataset of class Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Various combinations of cultivation parameters were determined to enhance their performance in wastewater treatment. Nine combinations of cultivation parameters leading to high biomass production and eleven combinations each for high nitrogen removal efficiency and high phosphorus removal efficiency for class Trebouxiophyceae were detected by decision tree models. Similarly, eleven combinations for high biomass production, nine for high nitrogen removal efficiency, and eight for high phosphorus removal efficiency were detected for class Chlorophyceae. The results obtained through decision tree analysis can provide the optimum conditions of cultivation parameters, saving time in designing new experiments for treating wastewater at a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India.
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20
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Gauje B, Yusufu WN, Chia MA, Bako SP, Abolude DS, Tanimu Y, Adudu JA, Okoduwa SIR. Simultaneous phytoremediation of tannery effluent and production of fatty acids rich biomass by Chlorella sorokiniana. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2022; 34:929-940. [DOI: 10.1007/s10811-022-02683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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21
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Huang L, Xie T, Wang Y, Tan S, Lu Z, Wang L, Mo C. Symbiotic treatment of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater by algae and activated sludge: effects of algae and sludge inoculation rates. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35184701 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2044919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A symbiotic microalgal-bacterial system may be an optional technology for wastewater treatment. It was composed of microalgae and activated sludge and established in the SBR to explore the effect of different dosing ratios of algae and sludge on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from simulated wastewater containing ammonium. It can be seen from the result that varied algae-sludge dosing ratios had a higher removal effect on COD removal, but the difference was not significant. The algal-bacterial symbiosis system had a 100% removal rate for ammonium removal on the 8th day. Relatively speaking, the removal of nutrients and related mechanisms vary with environmental conditions (inoculation rate). In general, when the additive ratio was 5:1 (algae: AS), the removal rate of TN and TP was the highest, reaching 53.85% and 85.13% in the shortest time (14 days), among them, the removal rate of ammonium and COD was 100%, and the reduction rates of Nitrite nitrogen and Nitrate nitrogen were 362.99% and 73.42%, respectively. In addition, 16S rDNA gene analysis results demonstrated that the microbial community in the reactor with algal sludge inoculation ratio of 5:1 had differences in three stages of the initial reaction, the middle reaction and the end of the reaction. Comamonadaceae, Flavobacterium, Paenarthrobacter, Mesorhizobium, Nitrobacter were enriched during the reaction operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Huang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xie
- School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Wang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Tan
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Zuyi Lu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Lujie Wang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangrong Mo
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University, Nanning, the People's Republic of China
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22
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Rude K, Yothers C, Barzee TJ, Kutney S, Zhang R, Franz A. Growth potential of microalgae on ammonia-rich anaerobic digester effluent for wastewater remediation. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Bandara GLCL, Abeysiriwardana-Arachchige ISA, Xu X, Lin L, Jiang W, Zhang Y, Johnson DC, Nirmalakhandan N, Xu P. Impacts of seasonality and operating conditions on water quality of algal versus conventional wastewater treatment: Part 1. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114291. [PMID: 34933263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater is a reliable source from which water, renewable energy, and nutrients could be recovered for beneficial use. Our previous efforts have documented that an innovative algal-based wastewater treatment (WWT) system could recover energy and nutrients from wastewater while having a lower energy footprint than conventional WWT processes. As a biological treatment process, the algal WWT can be affected by algal species, operating conditions, and meteorological factors. This study aimed to identify suitable algal cultures to treat municipal wastewater during warm and cold weather. The algal system achieved the secondary effluent discharge standards for biochemical oxygen demand and nutrients within 2-3 days during warm weather (May to October, 25-55 °C) using an extremophilic algal strain Galdieria sulphuraria; and within 1-2 days in winter (November to April, 4-17 °C) using polyculture strains of algae with bacteria. The impact of seasonal variation and operating conditions on the water quality of pilot-scale algal bioreactors was compared with a full-scale conventional WWT system. The treatment performance of the algal system (NH4-N: 1.3 ± 1.25 mg/L in winter and not detected in summer and conventional system; PO4-P: 0.89 ± 0.6 mg/L in winter, 0.02 ± 0.03 mg/L in summer and, 5.93 ± 1.32 mg/L in conventional system) was comparable or better than that of the conventional WWT in nutrients removal and other contaminants were below the discharge standards. This study indicates that the algal system can be engineered for reliable wastewater treatment independent of seasonal variations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xuesong Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Lu Lin
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - David C Johnson
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | | | - Pei Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
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24
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Geng Y, Cui D, Yang L, Xiong Z, Pavlostathis SG, Shao P, Zhang Y, Luo X, Luo S. Resourceful treatment of harsh high-nitrogen rare earth element tailings (REEs) wastewater by carbonate activated Chlorococcum sp. microalgae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127000. [PMID: 34461547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of rare earth element (REE) tailings wastewater results in serious ecological deterioration and health risk, due to high ammonia nitrogen, and strong acidity. The low C/N ratio makes it recalcitrant to biodegradation. Recently it has been shown that microalgal technology has a promising potential for the simultaneous harsh wastewater treatment and resource recovery. However, the low nitrogen removal rate and less biomass of microalgae restricted its development. In this work, Chlorococcum sp. was successfully isolated from the rare earth mine effluent. The microalgae was capable of enhancing nitrogen contaminants removal from REEs wastewater due to the carbonate addition, which simulated the activity increase of carbonic anhydrase (CA). The total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal rate reached 4.45 mg/L h-1, which compared to other microalgal species, the nitrogen removal rate and biomass yield were 7.8- and 4.9-fold higher, respectively. Notably, high lipid contents (mainly triglycerides, 43.85% of dry weight) and a high biomass yield were obtained. Meanwhile, the microalgae had an excellent settleability attributed to higher extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) formation, leading to easier resource harvest. These results were further confirmed in a continuous-flow photobioreactor with a stable operation for more than 30 days, indicating its potential for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Geng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Dan Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liming Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China.
| | - Zhensheng Xiong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Spyros G Pavlostathis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA
| | - Penghui Shao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Yakun Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China.
| | - Shenglian Luo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
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25
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Growth Performance, Biochemical Composition and Nutrient Recovery Ability of Twelve Microalgae Consortia Isolated from Various Local Organic Wastes Grown on Nano-Filtered Pig Slurry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020422. [PMID: 35056737 PMCID: PMC8781922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper demonstrated the growth ability of twelve algae-microbial consortia (AC) isolated from organic wastes when a pig slurry-derived wastewater (NFP) was used as growth substrate in autotrophic cultivation. Nutrient recovery, biochemical composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles of algae consortia were evaluated and compared. Three algae-microbial consortia, i.e., a Chlorella-dominated consortium (AC_1), a Tetradesmus and Synechocystis co-dominated consortium (AC_10), and a Chlorella and Tetradesmus co-dominated consortium (AC_12) were found to have the best growth rates (µ of 0.55 ± 0.04, 0.52 ± 0.06, and 0.58 ± 0.03 d−1, respectively), which made them good candidates for further applications. The ACs showed high carbohydrates and lipid contents but low contents of both proteins and essential amino acids, probably because of the low N concentration of NFP. AC_1 and AC_12 showed optimal ω6:ω3 ratios of 3.1 and 3.6, which make them interesting from a nutritional point of view.
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26
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Biological-Based Produced Water Treatment Using Microalgae: Challenges and Efficiency. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Produced water (PW) is the most significant waste stream generated in the oil and gas industries. The generated PW has the potential to be a useful water source rather than waste. While a variety of technologies can be used for the treatment of PW for reuse, biological-based technologies are an effective and sustainable remediation method. Specifically, microalgae, which are a cost-effective and sustainable process that use nutrients to eliminate organic pollutants from PW during the bioremediation process. In these treatment processes, microalgae grow in PW free of charge, eliminate pollutants, and generate clean water that can be recycled and reused. This helps to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere while simultaneously producing biofuels, other useful chemicals, and added-value products. As such, this review focuses on PW generation in the oil and gas industry, PW characteristics, and examines the available technologies that can be used for PW remediation, with specific attention to algal-based technologies. In addition, the various aspects of algae growth and cultivation in PW, the effect of growth conditions, water quality parameters, and the corresponding treatment performance are presented. Lastly, this review emphasizes the bioremediation of PW using algae and highlights how to harvest algae that can be processed to generate biofuels for added-value products as a sustainable approach.
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27
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Sharma R, Mishra A, Pant D, Malaviya P. Recent advances in microalgae-based remediation of industrial and non-industrial wastewaters with simultaneous recovery of value-added products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126129. [PMID: 34655783 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability of microalgae to grow in a broad spectrum of wastewaters manifests great potentials for removing contaminants from effluents of industries and urban areas. Since the post-treatment microalgae biomass is also a significant source of high-value products, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is an economical and sustainable solution to wastewater management. Adding more value, the integration of microalgae with living/non-living materials looks more promising. Microalgae-based treatment technology has certain limitations like high operational costs, problematic harvesting, large land requirements, and hindrance in photosynthesis due to turbid wastewater. These challenges need to be essentially addressed to achieve enhanced wastewater remediation. This review has highlighted the potential applications of microalgae in contaminant removal from wastewaters, simultaneous resource recovery, efficient microalgae-based hybrid systems along with bottlenecks and prospects. This state-of-the-art article will edify the role of microalgae in wastewater remediation, biomass valorization for bio-based products, and present numerous possibilities in strengthening the circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Arti Mishra
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida-201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation & Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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28
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Hossain SMZ, Sultana N, Mohammed ME, Razzak SA, Hossain MM. Hybrid support vector regression and crow search algorithm for modeling and multiobjective optimization of microalgae-based wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113783. [PMID: 34592662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment (and biomass production) is an environmentally benign and energetically efficient technique as compared to traditional practices. The present study is focused on optimization of the major treatment variables such as temperature, light-dark cycle (LD), and nitrogen (N)-to-phosphate (P) ratio (N/P) for the elimination of N and P from tertiary municipal wastewater utilizing Chlorella kessleri microalgae species. In this regard, a hybrid support vector regression (SVR) technique integrated with the crow search algorithm has been applied as a novel modeling/optimization tool. The SVR models were formulated using the experimental data, which were furnished according to the response surface methodology with Box-Behnken Design. Various statistical indicators, including mean absolute percentage error, Taylor diagram, and fractional bias, confirmed the superior performance of SVR models as compared to the response surface methodology (RSM) and generalized linear model (GLM). Finally, the best SVR model was hybridized with the crow search algorithm for single/multi-objective optimizations to acquire the global optimal treatment conditions for maximum N and P removal efficiencies. The best-operating conditions were found to be 29.3°C, 24/0 h/h of LD, and 6:1 of N/P, with N and P elimination efficiencies of 99.97 and 93.48%, respectively. The optimized values were further confirmed by new experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Zakir Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Nahid Sultana
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ezzudin Mohammed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Shaikh A Razzak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Center for Membranes & Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
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29
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Ahmed SF, Mofijur M, Parisa TA, Islam N, Kusumo F, Inayat A, Le VG, Badruddin IA, Khan TMY, Ong HC. Progress and challenges of contaminate removal from wastewater using microalgae biomass. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131656. [PMID: 34325255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of microalgae in treating wastewater has been an emerging topic focussed on finding an economically sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to treating wastewater. Over the last several years, different types of con microalgae and bacteria consortia have been experimented with to explore their potential in effectively treating wastewater from different sources. The basic features considered while determining efficiency is their capacity to remove nutrients including nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and heavy metals like arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu). This paper reviews the efficiency of microalgae as an approach to treating wastewater from different sources and compares conventional and microalgae-based treatment systems. The paper also discusses the characteristics of wastewater, conventional methods of wastewater treatment that have been used so far, and the technological mechanisms for removing nutrients and heavy metals from contaminated water. Microalgae can successfully eliminate the suspended nutrients and have been reported to successfully remove N, P, and heavy metals by up to 99.6 %, 100 %, and 13%-100 % from different types of wastewater. However, although a microalgae-based wastewater treatment system offers some benefits, it also presents some challenges as outlined in the last section of this paper. Performance in eliminating nutrients from wastewater is affected by different parameters such as temperature, biomass productivity, osmotic ability, pH, O2 concentration. Therefore, the conducting of pilot-scale studies and exploration of the complexities of contaminants under complex environmental conditions is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams Forruque Ahmed
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh.
| | - M Mofijur
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tahlil Ahmed Parisa
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Nafisa Islam
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - F Kusumo
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Abrar Inayat
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Van Giang Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - T M Yunus Khan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Centre for Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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30
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A Review about Microalgae Wastewater Treatment for Bioremediation and Biomass Production—A New Challenge for Europe. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8120136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have received much attention in the last few years. Their use is being extended to different fields of application and technologies, such as food, animal feed, and production of valuable polymers. Additionally, there is interest in using microalgae for removal of nutrients from wastewater. Wastewater treatment with microalgae allows for a reduction in the main chemicals responsible for eutrophication (nitrogen and phosphate), the reduction of organic substrates (by decreasing parameters such as BOD and COD) and the removal of other substances such as heavy metals and pharmaceuticals. By selecting and reviewing 202 articles published in Scopus between 1992 and 2020, some aspects such as the feasibility of microalgae cultivation on wastewater and potential bioremediation have been investigated and evaluated. In this review, particular emphasis was placed on the different types of wastewaters on which the growth of microalgae is possible, the achievable bioremediation and the factors that make large-scale microalgae treatment feasible. The results indicated that the microalgae are able to grow on wastewater and carry out effective bioremediation. Furthermore, single-step treatment with mixotrophic microalgae could represent a valid alternative to conventional processes. The main bottlenecks are the large-scale feasibility and costs associated with biomass harvesting.
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31
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Microalgal Systems for Wastewater Treatment: Technological Trends and Challenges towards Waste Recovery. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14238112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater (WW) treatment using microalgae has become a growing trend due the economic and environmental benefits of the process. As microalgae need CO2, nitrogen, and phosphorus to grow, they remove these potential pollutants from wastewaters, making them able to replace energetically expensive treatment steps in conventional WW treatment. Unlike traditional sludge, biomass can be used to produce biofuels, biofertilizers, high value chemicals, and even next-generation growth media for “organically” grown microalgal biomass targeting zero-waste policies and contributing to a more sustainable circular bioeconomy. The main challenge in this technology is the techno-economic feasibility of the system. Alternatives such as the isolation of novel strains, the use of native consortia, and the design of new bioreactors have been studied to overcome this and aid the scale-up of microalgal systems. This review focuses on the treatment of urban, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters by microalgae and their ability to not only remove, but also promote the reuse, of those pollutants. Opportunities and future prospects are discussed, including the upgrading of the produced biomass into valuable compounds, mainly biofuels.
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32
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Zhang Q, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Yuan C, Zhao T. Effect of bacteria-to-algae volume ratio on treatment performance and microbial community of a novel heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria-chlorella symbiotic system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126025. [PMID: 34600093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel symbiotic system combined by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) mixed bacteria and Chlorella pyrenoidosa was firstly proposed to resolve the poor tolerance and nitrogen removal performance of traditional symbiotic system for treating high ammonia biogas slurry. Results showed that the volume ratio of bacteria to algae had significant effects on nitrogen removal efficiency, microbial community structure, functional bacteria and genes. The optimal ratio was 1/3, and the average removal efficiency of TN and TP increased by 28.9% and 67.6% respectively, compared to those of HN-AD bacteria. High-throughput sequencing indicated nitrogen removal was jointly completed by HN-AD and heterotrophic denitrification. HN-AD bacteria Halomonas and Pseudomonas played a key role in nitrogen removal, and Rhodocyclaceae and Paracoccus took an important part in phosphorus removal. According to the functional gene prediction, the total relative abundance of nitrogen removal genes (0.0127%) and narG, narH and narL genes (0.0054%) were highest in 1/3 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Chongqing University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 40054, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Chongqing University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 40054, China
| | - Yunan Zhu
- Chongqing University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 40054, China
| | - Chunbo Yuan
- Chongqing University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 40054, China
| | - Tiantao Zhao
- Chongqing University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 40054, China.
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33
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Exploration of Microalgal Species for Nutrient Removal from Anaerobically Digested Swine Wastewater and Potential Lipids Production. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122469. [PMID: 34946071 PMCID: PMC8708041 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-treatment of anaerobically treated swine wastewater (ADSW) mediated by microalgae has been deemed as a promising strategy. In the present study, six microalgal strains were used to conduct batch experiments in 0~100% ADSW in order to evaluate their potentials for nutrient removal and biodiesel production. Two strains, Chlorella vulgaris FACHB-8 and Chlorella sp. FACHB-31, were selected based on their better growth performances, higher tolerance to wastewater (up to 100%), and better nutrient removal abilities. The capacity of each strain to remove TN, TP, NH4+-N, as well as lipid production and biomass composition in 100% ADSW were further examined. After 15 days of culture, 87.68~89.85%, 92.61~93.68%, and 97.02~97.86% of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen were removed by Chlorella sp. FACHB-31 and C. vulgaris FACHB-8. Their lipid content and lipid productivities were 29.63~33.33% and 18.91~23.10 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. Proteins were both the major biomass fraction followed by lipids and then carbohydrates. Their fatty acid profiles both mainly consisted of C-16:0, C-18:1, C-18:0, and C-18:2. Taken together, our results suggest that C. vulgaris FACHB-8 and Chlorella sp. FACHB-31 are potential candidates for biodiesel production by using ADSW as a good feedstock.
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34
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Yaqoubnejad P, Rad HA, Taghavijeloudar M. Development a novel hexagonal airlift flat plate photobioreactor for the improvement of microalgae growth that simultaneously enhance CO 2 bio-fixation and wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113482. [PMID: 34385116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel hexagonal airlift flat plate (HAFP) photobioreactor was designed to improve microalgae growth rate and compared with traditional flat plate (TFP) photobioreactor. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was used to determine hydrodynamic parameters and optimal aeration rate in the photobioreactors. Additionally, the capability of the HAFP photobioreactor to enhance microalgae based CO2 bio-fixation and wastewater treatment were investigated. The results of CFD simulation indicated that the HAFP photobioreactor could improve hydrodynamic parameters of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), average fluid velocity, dead zone (DZ), and water shear stress (WSS) up to 78 %, 41 %, 44 % and 40 %, respectively, under optimal aeration rate of 0.6 vvm. The proposed HAFP photobioreactor showed a drastic improvement in microalgae growth (up to 61 %). The maximum CO2 removal of 53.8 % and bio-fixation of 0.85 g L-1 d-1 were achieved in the HAFP photobioreactor which were approximately 70 % more than that in the TFP photobioreactor. The results suggested that the HAFP photobioreactor could accelerate nutrients removal and achieve remarkably higher efficiencies of 91 %, 99 %, 97 % and 93 % of ammonia (NH3), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO43-) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) within seven days of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poone Yaqoubnejad
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 47148-7313, Babol, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini Rad
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 47148-7313, Babol, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Taghavijeloudar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, 47148-7313, Babol, Iran; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 151-744, Seoul, South Korea.
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35
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Carvalho YO, Oliveira> WV, Pagano RL, Silva CF. Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Tertiary Treatment of Liquid Effluent with the Microalgae
Chlorella vulgaris. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin O. Carvalho
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Weverton V. Oliveira>
- Federal University of Sergipe Department of Chemical Engineering/Industrial Biochemistry Laboratory Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Rogério L. Pagano
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Cristina F. Silva
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
- Federal University of Sergipe Department of Chemical Engineering/Industrial Biochemistry Laboratory Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
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Singh V, Mishra V. Exploring the effects of different combinations of predictor variables for the treatment of wastewater by microalgae and biomass production. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Catone CM, Ripa M, Geremia E, Ulgiati S. Bio-products from algae-based biorefinery on wastewater: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112792. [PMID: 34058450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing resource demand, predicted fossil resources shortage in the near future, and environmental concerns due to the production of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide have motivated the search for alternative 'circular' pathways. Among many options, microalgae have been recently 'revised' as one of the most promising due to their high growth rate (with low land use and without competing with food crops), high tolerance to nutrients and salts stresses and their variability in biochemical composition, in so allowing the supply of a plethora of possible bio-based products such as animal feeds, chemicals and biofuels. The recent raising popularity of Circular Bio-Economy (CBE) further prompted investment in microalgae, especially in combination with wastewater treatment, under the twofold aim of allowing the production of a wide range of bio-based products while bioremediating wastewater. With the aim of discussing the potential bio-products that may be gained from microalgae grown on urban wastewater, this paper presents an overview on microalgae production with particular emphasis on the main microalgae species suitable for growth on wastewater and the obtainable bio-based products from them. By selecting and reviewing 76 articles published in Scopus between 1992 and 2020, a number of interesting aspects, including the selection of algal species suitable for growing on urban wastewater, wastewater pretreatment and algal-bacterial cooperation, were carefully reviewed and discussed in this work. In this review, particular emphasis is placed on understanding of the main mechanisms driving formation of microalgal products (such as biofuels, biogas, etc.) and how they are affected by different environmental factors in selected species. Lastly, the quantitative information gathered from the articles were used to estimate the potential benefits gained from microalgae grown on urban wastewater in Campania Region, a region sometimes criticized for poor wastewater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Catone
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Ripa
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - E Geremia
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - S Ulgiati
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Xu B, Liu J, Zhao C, Sun S, Xu J, Zhao Y. Induction of vitamin B12 to purify biogas slurry and upgrade biogas using co-culture of microalgae and fungi. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1254-1262. [PMID: 33372311 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Different gradient concentrations of vitamin B12 (0, 10, 100, 1,000 ng L-1 ) were used in the symbiosis system (Chlorella vulgaris-Ganoderma lucidum or Chlorella vulgaris-Pleurotus ostreatus) to assess their effect on simultaneous purification of biogas and removal of nutrients in biogas slurry using co-culture of microalgae and fungi. When B12 was added to the symbiosis system, biomass growth, intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity (CA), chlorophyll a content (CHL-a), photosynthetic characteristics of the two cultivation system, and removal efficiency of nutrients in biogas slurry and CO2 in biogas were significantly higher than those in the control group. The optimal concentration of B12 was determined to be 100 ng L-1 considering the removal efficiency of nutrients and CO2 . Maximum mean chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and CO2 removal efficiencies were 75.98 ± 6.26%, 78.46 ± 6.21%, 80.21 ± 6.83% and 61.08 ± 5.21% in Chlorella vulgaris-Ganoderma lucidum, respectively. This study showed the potential of microalgae and fungi symbiosis system with B12 addition for nutrient removal and biogas upgrading. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Vitamin B12 had positive effects on algal-fungal pellets growth. The optimal vitamin B12 concentration was 100 ng L-1 . The highest CO2 remove rate was 61.08% by G. lucidum/C. vulgaris pellets. Vitamin B12 significantly improved photosynthetic performance of pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
- Co-innovation Center of Green Building, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Jinan water Group Co. Ltd, Jinan, China
| | - Chunzhi Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqing Sun
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Ángeles R, Arnaiz E, Gutiérrez J, Muñoz R, Lebrero R. Biogas-based production of glycogen by Nostoc muscorum: Assessing the potential of transforming CO 2 into value added products. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129885. [PMID: 33636520 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential of the filamentous N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum for CO2 capture from high-loaded streams (i.e. flue gas or biogas) combined with the accumulation of glycogen (GL) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), was evaluated under nutrient-sufficient and nutrient-limited conditions. N. muscorum was able to grow under CO2 contents from 0.03 up to 30% v/v, thus tolerating CO2 concentrations similar to those found in raw biogas or flue-gas, with maximum CO2-fixation rates of 191.9 ± 46 g m-3 d-1 at a biomass concentration of 733.3 ± 207.4 mg TSS L-1. Despite N. muscorum was inhibited by the presence of H2S, the co-inoculation with activated sludge resulted in both CO2 and H2S depletion. Moreover, N. muscorum accumulated GL up to ∼54% dcw under N and P-deprivation, almost 36 times higher than that recorded under nutrients sufficient condition. The addition of 10% extra carbon in the form of valeric acid not only did not hamper the growth of N. muscorum (336.0 ± 113.1 mg TSS L-1) but also increased the GL content to ∼58% dcw. On the contrary, a negligible PHB accumulation was found under the tested conditions, likely due to the high CO2 concentration of 30% v/v in the headspace and therefore the high availability of inorganic carbon for the cultures. N. muscorum cultures achieved VFAs degradations up to ∼78% under controlled pH. These results supported N. muscorum as a sustainable alternative for CO2-capture and greenhouse gas mitigation or for photosynthetic biogas upgrading coupled with value added biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ángeles
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid. Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid. Spain, Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Esther Arnaiz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid. Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid. Spain, Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julia Gutiérrez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid. Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid. Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid. Spain, Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raquel Lebrero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid. Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid. Spain, Dr. Mergelina S/n., 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
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Wang Y, Gu X, Quan J, Xing G, Yang L, Zhao C, Wu P, Zhao F, Hu B, Hu Y. Application of magnetic fields to wastewater treatment and its mechanisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145476. [PMID: 33588219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic field (MF) has been applied widely and successfully as an efficient, low-cost and easy-to-use technique to enhance wastewater treatment (WWT) performance. Although the effects of MF on WWT were revealed and summarized by some works, they are still mysterious and complex. This review summarizes the application of MF in magnetic adsorption-separation of heavy metals and dyes, treatment of domestic wastewater and photo-magnetic coupling technology. Furthermore, the mechanisms of MF-enhanced WWT are critically elaborated from the perspective of magnetic physicochemical and biological effects, such as magnetoresistance, Lorentz force, and intracellular radical pair mechanism. At last, the challenges and opportunities for MF application in WWT are discussed. For overcoming the limitations and taking advantages of MFs in WWT, fundamental research of the mechanisms of the application of MFs should be carried out in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Gu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianing Quan
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guohua Xing
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Water Supply & Sewage Engineering, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Chang' an University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yuansheng Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Oleaginous Yeasts as Cell Factories for the Sustainable Production of Microbial Lipids by the Valorization of Agri-Food Wastes. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The agri-food industry annually produces huge amounts of crops residues and wastes, the suitable management of these products is important to increase the sustainability of agro-industrial production by optimizing the entire value chain. This is also in line with the driving principles of the circular economy, according to which residues can become feedstocks for novel processes. Oleaginous yeasts represent a versatile tool to produce biobased chemicals and intermediates. They are flexible microbial factories able to grow on different side-stream carbon sources such as those deriving from agri-food wastes, and this characteristic makes them excellent candidates for integrated biorefinery processes through the production of microbial lipids, known as single cell oils (SCOs), for different applications. This review aims to present an extensive overview of research progress on the production and use of oleaginous yeasts and present discussions on the current bottlenecks and perspectives of their exploitation in different sectors, such as foods, biofuels and fine chemicals.
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Microalgae acclimatization in industrial wastewater and its effect on growth and primary metabolite composition. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Pan M, Lyu T, Zhan L, Matamoros V, Angelidaki I, Cooper M, Pan G. Mitigating antibiotic pollution using cyanobacteria: Removal efficiency, pathways and metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116735. [PMID: 33352526 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater poses huge environmental threats, even at trace concentrations, and novel approaches are urged due to the inefficiencies of conventional wastewater treatment plants, especially when processing contaminants at high concentrations. Meanwhile, another widespread problem in the aquatic domain is the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) which cause serious damage to the ecosystem, but have rarely been investigated for possible valorization. This study investigated the possibilities, mechanisms, and effects of toxin release of using a harmful cyanobacterial species, Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), in order to remove the widely used drug, tetracycline, at high concentration. The results were compared with the performance obtained by the use of the hitherto generally-selected chlorophyte alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) for tetracycline concentrations of 10-100 mg L-1. M. aeruginosa exhibited a much more effective and rapid tetracycline removal (over 98.0% removal in 2 days) than did C. pyrenoidosa (36.7%-93.9% in 2 days). A comprehensive kinetic investigation into probable removal pathways indicated that, theoretically, bio-remediation dominated the process by M. aeruginosa (71.6%), while only accounting for 20.5% by C. pyrenoidosa. Both microalgae promoted the hydrolysis of tetracycline under conditions of increased pH and inhibited abiotic photolytic reactions by the shading effect to the water column, when compared with control experiments. Although identical degradation by-products were identified from treatments by both microalgal species, distinct by-products were also confirmed, unique to each treatment. Moreover, the growth of M. aeruginosa biomass exhibited strong tolerance to tetracycline exposure and released significantly lower levels of microcystin-LR, compared with the control systems. This study supports the possibility of reusing HABs species for the effective remediation of antibiotics at high concentrations. We have further suggested possible mechanisms for remediation and demonstrated control of toxin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2899 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tao Lyu
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK.
| | - Lumeng Zhan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Victor Matamoros
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2899 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mick Cooper
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG25 0QF, UK.
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Sydney EB, Carvalho JCD, Letti LAJ, Magalhães AI, Karp SG, Martinez-Burgos WJ, Candeo EDS, Rodrigues C, Vandenberghe LPDS, Neto CJD, Torres LAZ, Medeiros ABP, Woiciechowski AL, Soccol CR. Current developments and challenges of green technologies for the valorization of liquid, solid, and gaseous wastes from sugarcane ethanol production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124059. [PMID: 33027733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sugarcane industry is one of the largest in the world and processes huge volumes of biomass, especially for ethanol and sugar production. These processes also generate several environmentally harmful solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes. Part of these wastes is reused, but with low-added value technologies, while a large unused fraction continues to impact the environment. In this review, the classic waste reuse routes are outlined, and promising green and circular technologies that can positively impact this sector are discussed. To remain competitive and reduce its environmental impact, the sugarcane industry must embrace technologies for bagasse fractionation and pyrolysis, microalgae cultivation for both CO2 recovery and vinasse treatment, CO2 chemical fixation, energy generation through the anaerobic digestion of vinasse, and genetically improved fermentation yeast strains. Considering the technological maturity, the anaerobic digestion of vinasse emerges as an important solution in the short term. However, the greatest environmental opportunity is to use the pure CO2 from fermentation. The other opportunities still require continued research to reach technological maturity. Intensifying the processes, the exploration of driving-change technologies, and the integration of wastes through biorefinery processes can lead to a more sustainable sugarcane processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Bittencourt Sydney
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Ponta Grossa, Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Julio César de Carvalho
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Antonio Irineudo Magalhães
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Susan Grace Karp
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Walter José Martinez-Burgos
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Esteffany de Souza Candeo
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Ponta Grossa, Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos José Dalmas Neto
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Zevallos Torres
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Ponta Grossa, Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriane Bianchi Pedroni Medeiros
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Arun J, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, SundarRajan P, Malolan R, Pugazhendhi A. Technical insights into the production of green fuel from CO 2 sequestered algal biomass: A conceptual review on green energy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142636. [PMID: 33065504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Algae a promising energy reserve due to its adaptability, cheap source, sustainability and it's growth ability in wastewater with efficient sequestration of industrial carbon dioxide. This review summarizes the pathways available for biofuel production from carbon sequestered algae biomass. In this regard, this review focuses on microalgae and its cultivation in wastewater with CO2 sequestration. Conversion of carbon sequestered biomass into bio-fuels via thermo-chemical routes and its engine emission properties. Energy perspective of green gaseous biofuels in near future. This review revealed that algae was the pre-dominant CO2 sequester than terrestrial plants in an eco-friendly and economical way with simultaneous wastewater remediation. Hydrothermal liquefaction of algae biomass was the most preferred mode for biofuel generation than pyrolysis due to high moisture content. The algae based fuels exhibit less greenhouse gases emission and higher energy value. This review helps the researchers, environmentalists and industrialists to evaluate the impact of algae based bio-energy towards green energy and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Centre', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - PanneerSelvam SundarRajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Malolan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Baldisserotto C, Demaria S, Accoto O, Marchesini R, Zanella M, Benetti L, Avolio F, Maglie M, Ferroni L, Pancaldi S. Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Thickening Effluent of an Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant by an Isolated Green Microalga. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9121802. [PMID: 33353199 PMCID: PMC7766996 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms and are considered excellent candidates for a wide range of biotechnological applications, including the removal of nutrients from urban wastewaters, which they can recover and convert into biomass. Microalgae-based systems can be integrated into conventional urban wastewater treatment plants (WW-TP) to improve the water depuration process. However, microalgal strain selection represents a crucial step for effective phytoremediation. In this work, a microalga isolated from the effluent derived from the thickening stage of waste sludge of an urban WW-TP was selected and tested to highlight its potential for nutrient removal. Ammonium and phosphate abatements by microalgae were evaluated using both the effluent and a synthetic medium in a comparative approach. Parallelly, the isolate was characterized in terms of growth capability, morphology, photosynthetic pigment content and photosystem II maximum quantum yield. The isolated microalga showed surprisingly high biomass yield and removal efficiency of both ammonium and phosphate ions from the effluent but not from the synthetic medium. This suggests its clear preference to grow in the effluent, linked to the overall characteristics of this matrix. Moreover, biomass from microalgae cultivated in wastewater was enriched in photosynthetic pigments, polyphosphates, proteins and starch, but not lipids, suggesting its possible use as a biofertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Sara Demaria
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Ornella Accoto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Roberta Marchesini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Marcello Zanella
- HERA SpA—Direzione Acqua, Via C. Diana, 40, Cassana, 44044 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Linda Benetti
- HERA SpA—Direzione Acqua, Via C. Diana, 40, Cassana, 44044 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Avolio
- HERA SpA—Direzione Acqua, Via C. Diana, 40, Cassana, 44044 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Michele Maglie
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Ferroni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Simonetta Pancaldi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (O.A.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (L.F.)
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Omar Faruque M, Ilyas M, Mozahar Hossain M, Abdur Razzak S. Influence of Nitrogen to Phosphorus Ratio and CO 2 Concentration on Lipids Accumulation of Scenedesmus dimorphus for Bioenergy Production and CO 2 Biofixation. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4307-4320. [PMID: 33108039 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The potential of Scenedesmus dimorphus microalgae for CO2 biofixation and lipid biosynthesis for bioenergy applications was evaluated in this study. Batch experiments were conducted using synthetic tertiary municipal wastewater samples at several nitrogen to phosphorus (NP) ratios (1 : 1 to 8 : 1) and CO2 concentrations (∼0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% CO2 in supplied air). Scenedesmus dimorphus was cultivated for 25 days and the growth is highly dependent on the CO2 concentration and the NP ratio. An NP ratio of 2 : 1 produces a biomass yield of 733 mg/L when the microalga culture was supplied with air enriched with 2% CO2 . The maximum CO2 biofixation rate of 49.6 mg L-1 d-1 is at an NP ratio of 8 : 1 with 4% CO2 . A colorimetric technique depending on sulpho-phospho-vanillin (SPV) was utilized for the determination of the intracellular lipid content. The highest lipid content of 31.6% as the dry weight of the biomass is at an NP ratio of 1 : 1 and 6% CO2 . These results indicate that supplementation of suitable CO2 with favorable NP ratio has a considerable effect on lipid accumulation in the microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Omar Faruque
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Center for Environment and Water, RI, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mozahar Hossain
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikh Abdur Razzak
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Asadi P, Rad HA, Qaderi F. Lipid and biodiesel production by cultivation isolated strain Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 and Chlorella vulgaris in dairy wastewater treatment plant effluents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:573-585. [PMID: 33312584 PMCID: PMC7721930 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study provided a comparison of two species of microalgae growth in dairy wastewater treatment plant effluents. In optimum conditions their operation to biomass production, lipid accumulation and fatty acids methyl ester composition so as to biodiesel production is studied. For the first time, the not sterilized effluents of dairy wastewater treatment plant was used as the culture mediums of native microalgae, Chlorella sorokiniana strain pa.91, and another one Chlorella vulgaris. They were cultured under 5 light intensity levels so as to find optimum conditions to observed high biomass and lipid production. At the optimum light intensity the composition of fatty acids methyl ester in their lipids was analyzed by GC-MS. The light intensity of 7500 Lux was obtained as the optimum for both microalgae to produce high biomass. The biomass productivity of C. sorokiniana pa.91 and C. vulgaris in preliminary treated effluent at this light intensity was obtained 0.233 and 0.214 g L-1 day-1, respectively. This parameter in secondary treated effluent was achieved 0.185 and 0.166 g L-1 day-1, respectively. Moreover, the highest lipid content of their biomass was observed at the light intensity of 2500 Lux. At this light intensity and at the preliminary effluent the maximum lipid content of C. sorokiniana pa.91 and C. vulgaris was observed 31% and 34%, respectively and at the secondary one it was obtained 35% and 36.67%, respectively. Based on the results, the fatty acids composition in the lipids of microalgae C. sorokiniana pa.91 and C. vulgaris cultured in both effluents had the high amount of cetane number which is really useful for high quality biodiesel production. Also, the other valuable properties which produce the high quality biodiesel were the obtained amounts of CFPP and CP which shown a high performance potential biodiesel even at low temperatures. This feature was obtained, on the grounds that the unsaturated fatty acid was obtained more than saturated fatty acid. The nutrients-rich media of dairy wastewater effluents were applicable to growth both microalgae and useful biomass production, lipid accumulation and fatty acids profiling. Furthermore, the compounds of fatty acids had the best conditions to biodiesel production especially in cold weather areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariya Asadi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini Rad
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Qaderi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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Vishwakarma R, Dhar DW, Jena M, Shukla M. Biochemical parameters and 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis amongst green microalgal strains from selected aquatic sites of Eastern India. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1205-1216. [PMID: 33055410 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 24 green microalgae strains were isolated from selected aquatic sites of India. These were microscopically identified as Chlamydomonas sp., Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., Dictyosphaerium sp. and Dunaliella sp. Nannochloropsis sp. (MCC 25), was used as a reference strain. Results showed that Dictyosphaerium sp. (MCC 10 and MCC 12) showed relatively higher nutritive content. The total soluble proteins in the reference strain was 21.4%, whereas it showed carbohydrate content of 17.2% and the lipids were 3.4% on a dry weight basis. Best performing strains were identified by biochemical characterization. Five genera were selected for molecular identification since they were the most representative based upon their area of isolation and their optimum content of total soluble proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. 18S rRNA sequencing authenticated their identification as Scenedesmus sp., Dictyosphaerium sp. and Chlorella sp. The sequences of these have been submitted in NCBI database with accession numbers as KT808247-KT808251. The correlation matrix showed positive correlation between carbohydrates and lipids, while negative correlation was seen between proteins and carbohydrates and between proteins and lipids. This study emphasizes the need for complete compositional analysis of the biomass for the possible applicability in the area of value addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashi Vishwakarma
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India E-mail:
| | - Dolly Wattal Dhar
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae, Division of Microbiology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Odisha, 760007, India
| | - Madhulika Shukla
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae, Division of Microbiology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Zhang W, Zhao C, Cao W, Sun S, Hu C, Liu J, Zhao Y. Removal of pollutants from biogas slurry and CO 2 capture in biogas by microalgae-based technology: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:28749-28767. [PMID: 32468373 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent research interest has focused on microalgae cultivation for biogas slurry purification and biogas upgrading due to the requirement of high efficiency for nutrient uptake and CO2 capture, with economic feasibility and environmental benefits. Numerous studies have suggested that biogas slurry purification and biogas upgrading can occur simultaneously via microalgae-based technology. However, there is no comprehensive review on this technology with respect to the nutrient removal from biogas slurry and biogas upgrading. This article summarizes microalgal cultivation with biogas slurry and biogas from anaerobic digestion. The parameters, techniques, and modes of microalgae cultivation have been discussed in detail to achieve high efficiency in biogas slurry purification and biogas upgrading. In addition, the evaluation of energy efficiency and safety has also been explored. Compared with mono-cultivation of microalgae and co-cultivation of microalgae and bacteria, microalgae-fungi symbiosis has demonstrated greater development prospect and higher energy efficiency and the energy consumption for pollutants and CO2 removal were 14.2-39.0% · USD-1 and 19.9-23.3% · USD-1, respectively. Further, a sustainable recycling scheme is proposed for the purification of biogas slurry from anaerobic digestion process and biogas upgrading via microalgae-based technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzhi Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 200235, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixing Cao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Sun
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwei Hu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
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