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Wang B, Bi D, Wang J, Qiao H, Zhang Y, Shen Z. La 3+@BC500-S 2O 82- system for removal of sulfonamide antibiotics in water. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 146:140-148. [PMID: 38969442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) widely used have potentially negative effects on human beings and ecosystems. Adsorption and advanced oxidation methods have been extensively applied in SAs wastewater treatment. In this study, compared with Al3+@BC500 and Fe3+@BC500, La3+@BC500 for activating persulfate (S2O82-) had the best effect removal performance of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Morphology, acidity, oxygen-containing functional groups, and loading of La3+@BC500 were analyzed by techniques, including EA, BET, XRD, XPS, FT-IR. XRD results show that with the increase of La3+ loading, the surface characteristics of biochar gradually changed from CaCO3 to LaCO3OH. Through EPR technology, it is proved that LaCO3OH on the surface of La3+@BC500 can not only activate S2O82- to generate SO4-•, but also to produce •OH. In the optimization experiment, the optimal dosage of La3+ is between 0.05 and 0.2 (mol/L)/g. SDZ had a good removal effect at pH (5-9), but SMX had a good removal effect only at pH=3. Zeta potential also proves that the material is more stable under acidic conditions. The removal process of SDZ is more in accord with pseudo-first-order kinetics (R2=0.9869), while SMX is more in line with pseudo-second order kinetics (R2=0.9926).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Dongsu Bi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Hengbo Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of MOE, National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of MOE, National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of MOE, National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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2
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Masrura SU, Abbas T, Bhatnagar A, Khan E. Selective adsorption of antibiotics from human urine using biochar modified by dimethyl sulfoxide, deep eutectic solvent, and ionic liquid. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124588. [PMID: 39033844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics present in human urine pose significant challenges for the use of urine-based fertilizers in agriculture. This study introduces a novel two-stage approach utilizing distinct biochar types to mitigate this concern. Initially, a modified biochar selectively adsorbed azithromycin (AZ), ciprofloxacin (CPX), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP), and tetracycline (TC) from human urine. Subsequently, a separate pristine biochar was employed to capture nutrients. Biochar, derived from sewage sludge and pyrolyzed at 550 and 700 °C, was modified using dimethyl sulfoxide, deep eutectic solvent, and ionic liquid to enhance antibiotic removal in the first stage. The modifications introduced hydrophilic functional groups (-OH/-COOH), which favor antibiotic adsorption. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, with the Langmuir isotherm model best describing the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacities for AZ, CPX, SMX, TMP, and TC after the modification were 196.08, 263.16, 81.30, 370.37, and 833.33 μg/g, respectively. Pristine biochar exhibited a superior ammonia adsorption capacity compared to the modified biochar. Hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, and chemisorption drove antibiotic adsorption on the modified biochar. Regeneration efficiency declined due to solvent accumulation and potential byproduct formation on the biochar surface (<30% removal capacity after three cycles). This study presents innovative biochar modification strategies for selective antibiotic adsorption, laying the groundwork for environmentally friendly urine-based fertilizers in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeda Ummeh Masrura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Tauqeer Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli, FI, 50130, Finland.
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
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3
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He D, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhang H, Liu J. Municipal sludge biochar skeletal sodium alginate beads for phosphate removal. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129732. [PMID: 38280708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
A novel Fe/La decorative biochar filled in sodium alginate beads (SA-KBC-Fe/La) was prepared by a simple sol-gel method and applied to adsorb phosphate (P) efficiently from water in this study. The morphology, structure and chemical component of the hydrogel beads were characterized in detail. And the synthesized bead exhibited easy separation and high P uptake of 46.65 mg/g when the Fe: La was of 1: 2 at 298 K with initial P of 100 mg/L, which was much higher than SA gel bead. The adsorption showed that the optimal pH was 6, and the adsorption was met with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal models, indicating a chemical adsorption process. The adsorption capacity remained 82 % after 5 cycles of adsorption. The adsorption mechanism of P was mainly of ligand exchange and electrostatic attraction. Compared with other reported adsorbents, the modification of Fe/La could enhance the mechanical property of SA-KBC-Fe/La beads with increasing active sites. Additionally, the involved biochar could lead to excellent thermal stability and hierarchical porous structure of beads with larger specific surface area (54.22 m2/g). The study could provide new ideas for P removal and strategy for the final disposal of municipal sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Juanli Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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Shimabuku KK, Baumgardner ME, Bahr RB, Frojelin NR, Kennedy AM, Nolan KT, Stanton NE. Fluoride removal in batch and column systems using bonechar produced in a top-lit updraft drum gasifier and furnace. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120332. [PMID: 37634457 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of millions of people are exposed to excessive levels of fluoride in drinking water, predominately in low-resource communities. Activated alumina is recognized as the best available technology for fluoride removal from drinking water by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, but it has substantial economic and environmental costs. Bonechar is a more environmentally friendly and potentially lower cost alternative adsorbent. Here, fluoride adsorption from groundwater (pH 8.1 ± 0.2) by activated alumina was compared with bonechar primarily produced from bovine bones at peak heating temperatures between 400 and 1100 °C in a modular top-lit updraft drum (TLUD) stove (using a bone-wood mixture) and furnace. TLUD and furnace bonechar produced at peak heating temperatures 650-1000 °C and 400-800 °C, respectively, outperformed activated alumina in batch tests (i.e., required smaller doses to achieve 90% fluoride removal). The impact of using bovine versus swine bones to produce bonechar had a negligible impact on fluoride adsorption. A wide range of peak heating temperatures in the TLUD achieved by varying primary air flow rates and fuel selection (e.g., bone-to-wood mass ratios) produced efficient fluoride adsorbents. This finding demonstrates that a TLUD can be a robust, operationally flexible production system. Fluoride removal by TLUD and furnace bonechars showed strong, negative correlations (R2 ≥0.88) with organic matter content. Bonechar pilot column tests indicated that the mass transfer zone was captured (i.e., immediate fluoride breakthrough was not observed) at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 5 min, increasing EBCT to 30 min had a minimal impact on adsorption efficiency, and intermittent operation (3-10 d shut-off periods) decreased effluent fluoride concentrations. Furnace bonechars produced at peak heating temperatures 400-700 °C outperformed activated alumina in pilot columns. Differences in adsorption efficiencies in batch and column tests were associated with the linearity of fluoride adsorption. A theoretical model quantifying adsorption linearity with Freundlich 1/n values was able to predict adsorber performance solely based on batch test data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K Shimabuku
- Civil Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA.
| | - Marc E Baumgardner
- Mechanical Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Reggie B Bahr
- Mechanical Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Nathan R Frojelin
- Mechanical Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Anthony M Kennedy
- Corona Environmental Consulting, LLC, 357 McCaslin Blvd, Suite 100, Louisville, CO, USA
| | - Kyle T Nolan
- Civil Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Nicole E Stanton
- Civil Engineering, Gonzaga University, 502. E. Boone Ave, Spokane, WA, USA
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Amalina F, Syukor Abd Razak A, Krishnan S, Sulaiman H, Zularisam A, Nasrullah M. Advanced techniques in the production of biochar from lignocellulosic biomass and environmental applications. CLEANER MATERIALS 2022; 6:100137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2022.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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6
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Degradation of phenolic pollutants by persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes: metal and carbon-based catalysis. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2022-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Wastewater recycling is a solution to address the global water shortage. Phenols are major pollutants in wastewater, and they are toxic even at very low concentrations. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is an emerging technique for the effective degradation and mineralization of phenols into water. Herein, we aim at giving an insight into the current state of the art in persulfate-based AOP for the oxidation of phenols using metal/metal-oxide and carbon-based materials. Special attention has been paid to the design strategies of high-performance catalysts, and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Finally, the key challenges that govern the implementation of persulfate-based AOP catalysts in water purification, in terms of cost and environmental friendliness, are summarized and possible solutions are proposed. This work is expected to help the selection of the optimal strategy for treating phenol emissions in real scenarios.
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Huang X, Niu X, Zhang D, Li X, Li H, Wang Z, Lin Z, Fu M. Fate and mechanistic insights into nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) activation of sludge derived biochar reacted with Cr(VI). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115771. [PMID: 35982569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While nanoscale zero-valent iron modified biochar (nZVI-BC) have been widely investigated for the removal of heavy metals, the corrosion products of nZVI and their interaction with heavy metals have not been revealed yet. In this paper, nZVI-BC was synthesized and applied for the removal of Cr(VI). Batch experiments indicated that the adsorption of Cr(VI) fit Langmuir isotherm, with the maximum removal capacity at 172.4 mg/g at pH 2.0. SEM-EDS, BET, XRD, FT-IR, Raman and XPS investigation suggested that reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was the major removal mechanism. pH played an important role on the corrosion of nZVI-BC, at pH 4.5 and 2.0, FeOOH and Fe3O4 were detected as the major iron oxide, respectively. Therefore, FeOOH-BC and Fe3O4-BC were further prepared and their interaction with Cr were studied. Combining with DFT calculations, it revealed that Fe3O4 has higher adsorption capacity and was responsible for the effective removal of Cr(VI) through electrostatic attraction and reduction under acidic conditions. However, Fe3O4 will continue to convert to the more stable FeOOH, which is the key to for the subsequent stabilization of the reduced Cr(III). The results showed that the oxide corrosion products of nZVI-BC were subjected to the environment, which will eventually affect the fate and transport of the adsorbed heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Haoshen Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Mingli Fu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Chokejaroenrat C, Sakulthaew C, Satchasataporn K, Snow DD, Ali TE, Assiri MA, Watcharenwong A, Imman S, Suriyachai N, Kreetachat T. Enrofloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole Sorption on Carbonized Leonardite: Kinetics, Isotherms, Influential Effects, and Antibacterial Activity toward S. aureus ATCC 25923. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091261. [PMID: 36140040 PMCID: PMC9495318 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive antibiotic use in veterinary applications has resulted in water contamination and potentially poses a serious threat to aquatic environments and human health. The objective of the current study was to quantify carbonized leonardite (cLND) adsorption capabilities to remove sulfamethoxazole (SMX)- and enrofloxacin (ENR)-contaminated water and to determine the microbial activity of ENR residuals on cLND following adsorption. The cLND samples prepared at 450 °C and 850 °C (cLND450 and cLND550, respectively) were evaluated for structural and physical characteristics and adsorption capabilities based on adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies. The low pyrolysis temperature of cLND resulted in a heterogeneous surface that was abundant in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups. SMX and ENR adsorption were best described using a pseudo-second-order rate expression. The SMX and ENR adsorption equilibrium data on cLND450 and cLND550 revealed their better compliance with a Langmuir isotherm than with four other models based on 2.3-fold higher values of qmENR than qmSMX. Under the presence of the environmental interference, the electrostatic interaction was the main contributing factor to the adsorption capability. Microbial activity experiments based on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 revealed that cLND could successfully adsorb and subsequently retain the adsorbed antibiotic on the cLND surface. This study demonstrated the potential of cLND550 as a suitable low-cost adsorbent for the highly efficient removal of antibiotics from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanat Chokejaroenrat
- Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Sakulthaew
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2942-8200 (ext. 616018)
| | - Khomson Satchasataporn
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Daniel D. Snow
- Water Sciences Laboratory, Nebraska Water Center/School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, USA
| | - Tarik E. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Apichon Watcharenwong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Functional Materials, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Saksit Imman
- Integrated Biorefinery Excellent Center (IBC), School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Nopparat Suriyachai
- Integrated Biorefinery Excellent Center (IBC), School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Torpong Kreetachat
- Integrated Biorefinery Excellent Center (IBC), School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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Chen Y, Wu Q, Tang Y, Liu Z, Ye L, Chen R, Yuan S. Application of biochar as an innovative soil ameliorant in bioretention system for stormwater treatment: A review of performance and its influencing factors. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1232-1252. [PMID: 36358058 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging environment functional material, biochar has become a research hotspot in environmental fields because of its excellent ecological and environmental benefits. Recently, biochar has been used as an innovative soil ameliorant in bioretention systems (BRS) to effectively enhance pollutant removal efficiency for BRS. This paper summarizes and evaluates the performance and involved mechanisms of biochar amendment in BRS with respect to the removal of nutrients (TN (34-47.55%) and PO43--P (47-99.8%)), heavy metals (25-100%), pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia coli (30-98%)), and organic contaminants (77.2-100%). For biochar adsorption, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models are the most suitable kinetic and isothermal adsorption models, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed and elucidated some factors that influence the pollutant removal performance of biochar-amended BRS, such as the types of biochar, the preparation process and physicochemical properties of biochar, the aging of biochar, the chemical modification of biochar, and the hydraulic loading, inflow concentration and drying-rewetting alternation of biochar-amended BRS. The high potential for recycling spent biochar in BRS as a soil ameliorant is proposed. Collectively, biochar can be used as an improved medium in BRS. This review provides a foundation for biochar selection in biochar-amended BRS. Future research and practical applications of biochar-amended BRS should focus on the long-term stability of treatment performances under field conditions, chemical modification with co-impregnated nanomaterials in biochar surface, and the durability, aging, and possible negative effects of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Yinghui Tang
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Lilan Ye
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Renyu Chen
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Shaochun Yuan
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
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10
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Masrura SU, Jones-Lepp TL, Kajitvichyanukul P, Ok YS, Tsang DCW, Khan E. Unintentional release of antibiotics associated with nutrients recovery from source-separated human urine by biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134426. [PMID: 35351480 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of biochar to recover nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater especially source-separated human urine is attractive from both economic and environmental standpoints. The widespread use of pharmaceuticals has raised concerns as they are not fully metabolized and ended up in human urine. The objective of this study is to examine adsorption of antibiotics (azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and tetracycline) and nutrients (ammonium and phosphate) in source-separated human urine by biochar and subsequent desorption. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using biochar prepared from oak wood (OW) and paper mill sludge (PMS) to elucidate the effects of adsorption time, pH, and adsorbent dose. The desorption of adsorbed nutrients and antibiotics was also investigated. While the nutrient adsorption was more favorable by the PMS biochar, antibiotic adsorption was more prolific by the OW biochar. Hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction were identified as potential adsorption mechanisms. Experimental results agree with the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order models (except the OW biochar for the kinetics). The findings suggest that biochar can adsorb both nutrients (43.30-266.67 mg g-1) and antibiotics (246.70-389.0 μg g-1) simultaneously. Lower solution pH (<5) was better for antibiotic adsorption, while higher solution pH (≥5) favored nutrient recovery. Also, desorption of the antibiotics (maximum of 92.6% for trimethoprim) was observed and might arise in the environment with the applications of biochar for nutrient recovery from human urine and subsequently for soil quality improvement. The findings serve as a foundation for future research on adsorption-based methods for separating nutrients and antibiotics in aqueous solutions, particularly urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeda Ummeh Masrura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Tammy L Jones-Lepp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Puangrat Kajitvichyanukul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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11
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Wang Y, Xia X, Gao S, Zhao X, Wang G, Han X. Synthesis of Ag/BiOBr/CeO 2 composites with enhanced photocatalytic degradation for sulfisoxazole. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:46200-46213. [PMID: 35167019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel Ag/BiOBr/CeO2 composite was successfully prepared for the first time, which had excellent performance in degrading sulfisoxazole (SSX) under visible light irradiation. The as-prepared samples were characterized by SEM, XRD, UV-vis DRS and BET et al. The composite of 10% Ag/BiOBr/CeO2 showed the best photocatalytic activity and more than 99.5% SSX can be removed within 20 min. It exhibited the highest k value of 0.2428 min-1, which was about 39.7 times higher than pure BiOBr (6.11 × 10-3 min-1) and 22.1 times higher than BiOBr/CeO2 (1.09 × 10-2 min-1), respectively. The addition of Ag significantly improved the absorption rate of visible light and the separation rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The initial pH and dosage of samples could have an influence on the photocatalytic activity. The radical trapping experiments proved that ·O2- and h+ were the main active species involved in photocatalytic degradation. Finally, the synthesized catalyst maintained excellent photocatalytic activity after 5 repeated cycles, which indicated the extraordinary stability and recyclability of Ag/BiOBr/CeO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunfeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingpeng Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
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12
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Thomas B, Vinka C, Pawan L, David S. Sustainable groundwater treatment technologies for underserved rural communities in emerging economies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152633. [PMID: 34963585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, about one out of two people depend on groundwater resources to satisfy their drinking water needs. While groundwater typically is of higher quality than surface water, pollution and geologic conditions may require treating groundwater to meet safe water quality criteria. Herein, a critical overview is presented of water treatment technologies for rural and underserved communities in emerging economies that depend on groundwater. Given that small to medium sized rural communities in emerging economies often lack the financial resources to support technologically complex and expensive centralized public water treatment systems, the focus is on proven technologies that are sustainable and acceptable by the rural population. After an overview of the underlying treatment mechanisms and the principal groundwater contaminants targeted by the traditional, advanced, and experimental water treatment technologies, we identify the groundwater quality parameters that may impact or interfere with the technology performance. We also introduce enabling environmental factors that might govern the implementation of water treatment technologies in the target communities and a brief discussion of safe storage of water after treatment to underline the importance of protecting the water from re-contamination. Our overview is further supported by tabulated summaries of the principal (dis)advantages of each technology covered herein, including cost considerations and social acceptance. Overall, our review suggests that underserved rural communities have sustainable and affordable options for cases where the quality of local groundwater resources requires treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boving Thomas
- Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Craver Vinka
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Labhasetwar Pawan
- Water Technology and Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Sabatini David
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and WaTER Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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13
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Yang Y, Kou L, Fan Q, Jiang K, Wang J. Simultaneous recovery of phosphate and degradation of antibiotics by waste sludge-derived biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132832. [PMID: 34762879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of phosphorus (P) from wastewater has led to growing public concern considering its scarcity and future availability as well as its detrimental environmental impacts. However, the recovered P is inevitably contaminated with co-existing antibiotics like tetracycline (TC) and sulfamethazine (SMT) which will pose serious risks to the health of human and animals after being spread to the environment. In this study, we propose a novel scheme that can recover P from synthetic wastewater and at the same time degrade the co-existing antibiotics. To achieve such a goal, a series of biochar (BC) were prepared from calcination of waste sludge and were used both as the adsorbent for P recovery and as the catalyst for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and antibiotic degradation. Results showed that the sludge source (i.e. Sm: municipal sludge, Sp: paper mill sludge), calcination atmosphere (i.e. air-deficient, N2, vacuum) and temperature (i.e. 600 and 800 °C) exhibited significant influence on P adsorption capacity. Generally, the BC calcined in N2 showed better P uptake, and increase of calcination temperature from 600 °C to 800 °C could further improve P uptake. Though BCp-N-600 (prepared from Sp in N2 at 600 °C) showed faster and higher P uptake (56.3 mg/g) than its counterpart BCm-N-600 (33.2 mg/g), BCm-N-600 showed stronger catalytic activity and more stable performance in the complex pollutant system (P + SMT). It was proposed that P was recovered primarily through the chemisorption and precipitation mechanism, while SMT was nearly completely degraded primarily by the ROS generated from PMS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Yang
- School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, PR China
| | - Lidong Kou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China; Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Fan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China
| | - Kai Jiang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, PR China.
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14
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Yan J, Zuo X, Yang S, Chen R, Cai T, Ding D. Evaluation of potassium ferrate activated biochar for the simultaneous adsorption of copper and sulfadiazine: Competitive versus synergistic. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127435. [PMID: 34638070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Combined pollution caused by organic pollutants and heavy metals pose a significant challenge to the adsorption process. In this study, iron-modified biochar (Fe-BC) was prepared by using ferrate (K2FeO4) and wheat stalk as the precursors for the adsorption of copper (Cu2+) and sulfadiazine (SDZ), especially under combined pollution scenarios. Iron modification not only enlarged the surface area but also loaded iron oxide nanoparticles on biochar surface. Accordingly, Fe-BC exhibited better adsorption capability of Cu2+ and SDZ than the pristine biochar (BC). The corresponding maximum adsorption capacities of Fe-BC700 were 46.85 mg g-1 and 45.43 mg g-1 towards Cu2+ and SDZ, respectively. Interestingly, the adsorption was elevated in binary-pollutants system, suggesting a synergistic effect, which was probably attributed to the mutual bridging effects and complexation between Cu2+ and SDZ. The loaded iron oxide particles could serve as a physical barrier to separate the adsorptions of Cu2+ and SDZ and thus inhibited the competitive adsorption. Meanwhile, theoretical calculation demonstrated that sulfonamide group was the most probable binding site. Columns packed with Fe-BC700 showed better performances for Cu2+ and SDZ removal in binary system (635.73 BV for Cu2+ and 4846.26 BV for SDZ) than in single systems (571.60 BV for Cu2+ and 3572.06 BV for SDZ), which was consistent with batch adsorption experiments. These results demonstrated the potential application of Fe-BC700 for simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and SDZ and provided a cost-effective way for the remediation of organic and inorganic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zuo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengjiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dahu Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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15
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Ihsanullah I, Khan MT, Zubair M, Bilal M, Sajid M. Removal of pharmaceuticals from water using sewage sludge-derived biochar: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133196. [PMID: 34890621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to the beneficial utilization of sewage sludge to reduce the risks associated with sludge disposal. Besides other applications of sludge, biochar produced from sludge has also been employed for the elimination of various pollutants from water. This review critically evaluates the recent progress in applications of sludge-based biochar for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals from water. The synthesis techniques of biochar production from sludge and their effects on physicochemical characteristics of produced biochar are discussed. The removal of various pharmaceuticals by sludge-based biochar are described in detail, with the emphasis on the adsorption mechanism and their reusability potential. It is evident from the literature that sludge-based biochar has demonstrated excellent potential for the adsorption of numerous pharmaceuticals from the aqueous phase. The major hurdles and issues related to the synthesis of sludge-based biochar and applications are highlighted, with reference to the adsorption of pharmaceuticals. Finally, a roadmap is suggested along with future research directions to ensure the sustainable production of biochar from sludge and its applications in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsanullah Ihsanullah
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Tariq Khan
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai po New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Mukarram Zubair
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Kumar A, Singh E, Mishra R, Kumar S. Biochar as environmental armour and its diverse role towards protecting soil, water and air. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150444. [PMID: 34571227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been of considerable importance for various environmental applications in recent years. It has exhibited substantial advantages like favourable structural and surface properties, easy process of preparation and widely available feedstocks. These set of exceptional properties make it an efficient, cost-effective and environment friendly source for diversified elimination of pollutants. The heterogeneity of physico-chemical properties offers a possibility for biochar to optimize its efficacy for targeted applications. This review aims to highlight the critical role that biochar plays in various environmental applications, be it in soil, water or air. In particular the article offers a comprehensive review of the recent research findings and updates related to the diversified role of biochar. Also, the interaction of pollutants with biochar functional groups and the impact of variation of parameters on biochar attribute relevant to specific pollutant removal, modifications, mechanisms involved and competence for such removal has been discussed. Different technologies for production of biochar have also been summarized with an emphasis on post treatment of biochar, such as modification and doping. In addition to this, the underlying gaps in the studies carried out so far and recommendations for future research areas in biochar have also been deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Rahul Mishra
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- United Nations University, Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNUFLORES) Ammonstrasse 74, 01067, Dresden, Germany.
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17
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Biswal BK, Vijayaraghavan K, Tsen-Tieng DL, Balasubramanian R. Biochar-based bioretention systems for removal of chemical and microbial pollutants from stormwater: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126886. [PMID: 34419842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been increasingly used as a filter medium in engineered low impact development systems (e.g., bioretention systems) for decontamination of urban stormwater and management of hydrology. This review paper critically analyzes the performance of biochar-based biofiltration systems for removal of chemical and microbial pollutants present in urban runoff. Biochar-amended biofiltration systems efficiently remove diverse pollutants such as total nitrogen (32 - 61%), total phosphorus: (45 - 94%), heavy metals (27 - 100%), organics (54 - 100%) and microbial pollutants (log10 removal: 0.78 - 4.23) from urban runoff. The variation of biofiltration performance is due to changes in biochar characteristics, the abundance of dissolved organic matter and/or stormwater chemistry. The dominant mechanisms responsible for removal of chemical pollutants are sorption, ion exchange and/or biotransformation, whereas filtration/straining is the major mechanism for bacteria removal. The pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm are the best models that describe the kinetics and chemical equilibrium of pollutants, respectively. This critical review provides the fundamental scientific knowledge for designing highly efficient biochar-based bioretention systems for removal of diverse pollutants from urban stormwater. The key knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future research include long-term field-scale bioretention study, development of novel methods for filter media regeneration/reuse, and dynamics of filter media microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Kuppusamy Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Daryl Lee Tsen-Tieng
- Centre for Urban Greenery and Ecology, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259563, Singapore
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18
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Luo Z, Yao B, Yang X, Wang L, Xu Z, Yan X, Tian L, Zhou H, Zhou Y. Novel insights into the adsorption of organic contaminants by biochar: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132113. [PMID: 34826891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With rising concerns in the practical application of biochar for the remediation of environment influenced by various organic contaminants, a critical review to facilitate insights the crucial role that biochar has played in wastewater and polluted soil decontamination is urgently needed. This research therefore aimed to describe different intriguing dimensions of biochar interactions with organic contaminants, which including: (i) an introduction of biochar preparation and the related physicochemical properties, (ii) an overview of mechanisms and factors controlling the adsorption of organic contaminants onto biochar, and (iii) a summary of the challenges and an outlook of the further research needs in this issue. In the light of the survey consequences, the appearance of biochar indicates the potential in substituting the existing costly adsorbents, and it has been proved that biochar is one promising adsorbent for organic pollutants adsorption removal from water and soil. However, some research gaps, such as dynamic adsorption, potential environmental risks, interactions between biochar and soil microbes, novel modification techniques, need to be further investigated to facilitate its practical application. This research will be conductive to better understanding the adsorption removal of organic contaminants by biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhangyi Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiulan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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19
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Bentley MJ, Kearns JP, Murphy BM, Summers RS. Pre-pyrolysis metal and base addition catalyzes pore development and improves organic micropollutant adsorption to pine biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131949. [PMID: 34426297 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochars were produced from pine feedstock pretreated with aqueous base, NaOH, at pH 9 and 11, and alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) Na, K, Ca, and Mg at 10-3 and 1 M. The effects of base and AAEM feedstock pretreatment on biochar surface area, pore size distribution, and adsorption capacity of two organic micropollutants (OMPs), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and sulfamethoxazole, from surface water with background dissolved organic matter (DOM) were evaluated. Base pretreatment significantly increased surface area within micropores (<2 nm diameter). AAEM pretreatment caused pore widening, increasing surface area within pores >2 nm in diameter. The catalytic activity of AAEMs, assessed by generation of non-micropore surface area, decreased in the following order: Ca > K > Na > Mg. All pretreated biochars outperformed untreated biochar for OMP adsorption. Biochar pretreated by aqueous base at pH 11 showed over an order of magnitude increase in OMP adsorption, nearly matching the performance of commercial activated carbon. OMP adsorption from surface water was positively correlated with biochar micropore surface area and negatively correlated with non-micropore surface area, which was linked to higher levels of DOM competition. Base and AAEM pretreatment of biochar feedstocks can increase OMP adsorption for water treatment applications by tuning pore structure and surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bentley
- University of Colorado Boulder, Environmental Engineering, 4001 Discovery Drive - 607 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Joshua P Kearns
- Aqueous Solutions, 1935 Pike Rd, Moravian Falls, NC, 28654, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Murphy
- Carollo Engineers, 390 Interlocken Crescent, Suite 800, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA.
| | - R Scott Summers
- University of Colorado Boulder, Environmental Engineering, 4001 Discovery Drive - 607 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
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20
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Zhu H, Zou H. Ultra-efficient catalytic degradation of malachite green dye wastewater by KMnO 4-modified biochar (Mn/SRBC). RSC Adv 2022; 12:27002-27011. [PMID: 36320839 PMCID: PMC9494031 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, KMnO4-modified biochar was prepared from spirulina residue as the research object. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic degradation performance of KMnO4-modified biochar, given that heterogeneous catalytic oxidation is an effective way to treat dye wastewater rapidly. The Mn/SRBC catalyst prepared by KMnO4 modification was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption and laser Raman spectroscopy. In addition, we compared the results with that of the unmodified SRBC. The results showed that the Mn/SRBC catalyst prepared by KMnO4 modification had a rich pore structure, which provided sufficient contact area for the catalytic reaction. In the presence of H2O2, the catalyst could be used to catalyze the oxidative degradation of malachite green in aqueous solution with ultra-high efficiency. In the experiment, the initial pH values of the reaction system had a significant influence on the reaction rate. The removal effect of biochar on the malachite green was poor in an alkaline environment. Within a specific range, the removal rate of malachite green was proportional to the concentration of H2O2 in the reaction system. The degradation rate of malachite green dye at 8000 mg L−1 was about 99% in the presence of the catalyst over 5 mmol L−1 hydrogen peroxide for 30 min. These results show the potential application of algae residue biochar and carbon-based composite catalysts for degrading and removing dye wastewater. In this work, KMnO4-modified biochar was prepared from spirulina residue as the research object.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Zou
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, People's Republic of China
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21
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Duan Y, Sedlak DL. An electrochemical advanced oxidation process for the treatment of urban stormwater. WATER RESEARCH X 2021; 13:100127. [PMID: 34927040 PMCID: PMC8649961 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recharge of urban stormwater has often been limited by the high cost of land and concerns about contamination of groundwater. To provide a possible solution, we developed an electrochemical advanced oxidation system (UV/H2O2) that is compatible with high-capacity stormwater recharge systems (e.g., drywells). The system employed an air-diffusion cathode to generate a H2O2 stock solution (i.e., typically around 600 mM) prior to the storm event. The H2O2 stock solution was then metered into stormwater and converted into hydroxyl radical (•OH) by an ultraviolet lamp. The energy consumption for H2O2 generation was optimized by adjusting the applied current density and adding an inert salt (e.g., Na2SO4) to stormwater. H2O2 in the stock solution was unstable. By mixing the basic H2O2 containing catholyte and the acidic anolyte, the stability increased, enabling generation of the H2O2 stock solution up to three days prior the storm event with loss of less than 20% of the H2O2. Lab-scale experiments and a kinetic model were used to assess the feasibility of the full-scale advanced oxidation system. System performance decreased at elevated concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in stormwater, due to enhanced light reflection and backscattering at the water-air interface in the UV reactor, competition for UV light absorption with H2O2 and the tendency of organic matter to act as a •OH scavenger. The proposed system can be incorporated into drywells to remove greater than 90% of trace organic contaminants under typical operating conditions. The electrical energy per order of the system is estimated to range from 0.5 to 2 kWh/m3, depending on the dissolved organic carbon concentration.
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22
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Patel M, Kumar R, Pittman CU, Mohan D. Ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen sorption onto banana peel biochars: Environmental and process parameter influences. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111218. [PMID: 33965387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental (pH, temperature ionic strength, cations, anions) and process (pyrolysis temperature, particle size, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration) parameters were evaluated for ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen sorption onto a series of sustainable banana peel biochars. Ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen were chosen as model pharmaceuticals for removal owing to their worldwide presence in aquatic systems. After pyrolytic preparation from 450 to 750 °C, the biochars were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized by physicochemical, morphological, mineralogical and elemental analyses. Batch sorption studies were employed to evaluate the pH effects from 2 to 10, biochar pyrolysis temperatures (450, 550, 650, and 750 °C), particle sizes (30-50, 50-100, 100-150 BSS mesh), adsorbent dosages (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/L), adsorbate concentrations (0.5-200 ppm) and uptake temperatures (10, 25, 40 °C) on sorption efficiency. Maximum pharmaceutical sorption is achieved by the biochar prepared at 750 °C. Sorption rate increased with decrease in biochar particle size from 30 to 50 to 100-150 BSS mesh. Relationships between biochar properties and their sorptive potential showed positive correlations with surface area, total pore volume, %C, %ash and C/N molar ratios. Sorption data was modelled using different isotherm models and both kinetic and thermodynamic equations. Maximum Langmuir capacities of ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen on BPBC750 were 23.3 and 40.8 mg/g at 10 °C; 21.0 and 49.93 mg/g at 25 °C and 20.42 and 57.3 mg/g at 45 °C, respectively. Langmuir isotherm fittings and thermodynamic parameters confirmed the exothermic sorption (for ciprofloxacin) and endothermic sorption (for acetaminophen). The role of ionic strength, cations and anions on pharmaceuticals sorption were evaluated. H-bonding, π-π-interactions and pore diffusion were major contributors to pharmaceutical sorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvendra Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Department of Chemistry & Centre for Bio-Nanotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Charles U Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-14 9573, USA
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Liu H, Shan J, Chen Z, Lichtfouse E. Efficient recovery of phosphate from simulated urine by Mg/Fe bimetallic oxide modified biochar as a potential resource. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147546. [PMID: 34088060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The massive use of phosphate fertilizers in agriculture is costly and induces water pollution, calling for more sustainable phosphate sources in the context of the circular economy. Here we prepared a new adsorbent based on waste straw biochar modified with the Mg/Fe bimetallic oxide, namely the Mg/Fe biochar, to recover phosphate from the simulated urine as an possible phosphate fertilizer. About 90% phosphate was recovered from the simulated urine with a wide pH range of 3.0-9.0 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 206.2 mg/g, using 1 g/L of Mg/Fe modified biochar. A pseudo second-order kinetics and Sips model were proposed to fit the experimental data well, suggesting that the adsorption was controlled by physical and chemical processes, which is driven by electrostatic attraction, intra-particle diffusion, ion exchange and surface ligand exchange. Overall, the Mg/Fe biochar is renewable and can recover more than 70% of phosphate in the simulated urine after 5 cycles of reuse, which appears as a safe and efficient adsorbent to recycle phosphate from urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinhua Shan
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix en Provence, France
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Zhang T, Zheng L, Yu H, Ren J, Peng D, Zhang L, Meng P. Multiple adsorption systems and electron-scale insights into the high efficiency coadsorption of a novel assembled cellulose via experiments and DFT calculations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125748. [PMID: 33823480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In view of the characteristics of heavy metal and antibiotic compound pollution in the Pearl River Basin in Guangzhou. More scientifically modified cellulose, named HVUC, is characterized by multiple hydrophilic groups, long chains and large space and displays highly efficient adsorption of both Cd and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and good adaptability in a wide pH range and at high ion strength. Furthermore, the coadsorption mechanism was elaborated from multiple angles. Multiple adsorption experiments explained the competition and synergy effect in the adsorption process. The electrostatic potential maps indicated that HVUC had advantageous adsorption sites for both Cd and SMZ and that electrostatic interactions had the greatest impact on the adsorption of Cd and SMZ. The electron density and differential charge density images proved that Cd more easily overlapped electron clouds and transferred electrons with HVUC and that SMZ- and could act as a bridge for SMZ-. The equilibrium configuration indicated that the formation of Cd-SMZ- complexes led to the bending and folding of SMZ-, which was not conducive to overall adsorption when SMZ- was close to HVUC and could lead to the release of SMZ- when Cd was close to HVUC, which confirmed the proposed mechanism of complexation-decomplexation-complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Liuchun Zheng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Huajian Yu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ren
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Transportation and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Peipei Meng
- College of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
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25
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Lei Y, Langenhoff A, Bruning H, Rijnaarts H. Sorption of micropollutants on selected constructed wetland support matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130050. [PMID: 33984907 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants (MPs) are organic chemicals that are present in the environment at low concentrations (ng/L-μg/L), for example pharmaceuticals. A constructed wetland (CW) is a promising post-treatment technique to remove MPs from wastewater effluent. Selecting a suitable material for support matrix is important when designing such a CW. Nine materials were studied as potential support matrices: Light Expanded Clay Aggregates (LECA), compost, bark, granulated activated carbon (GAC), biochar, granulated cork, lava rock, sand and gravel. Batch experiments were conducted to study MP removal by nine materials in phosphate buffer with 5 or 50 μg/L MPs, or wastewater effluent with 50 μg/L of MPs. GAC and biochar removed almost all MPs in both phosphate buffer and wastewater effluent, followed by bark, compost, granulated cork. Sand, gravel, LECA and lava rock removed less than 30% of most MPs in both matrixes. Based on set criteria (e.g. removal efficiency), biochar, bark, compost, LECA and sand were selected, and used in combinations in column studies to test their overall performance. A combination of bark and biochar performed the best on MP removal, as 4 MPs were highly (70%-100%) removed, 4 MPs were moderately (30%-70%) removed while only 3 MPs were hardly removed. The main flow regime of this combination was both plug flow and dispersive flow. Moreover, we hypothesized to apply bark and biochar in a CW. Based on the assumptions and calculations, some benefits are expected, such as increasing MP removal and extending operation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Harry Bruning
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Huub Rijnaarts
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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26
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Efficacy of Different Waste and By-Products from Forest and Food Industries in the Removal/Retention of the Antibiotic Cefuroxime. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution due to antibiotics is a serious problem. In this work, the adsorption and desorption of the antibiotic cefuroxime (CFX) were studied in four by-products/residues from the forestry and food industries. For this, batch-type experiments were carried out, adding increasing concentrations of CFX (from 0 to 50 µmol L−1) to 0.5 g of adsorbent. The materials with a pH higher than 9 (mussel shell and wood ash) were those that presented the highest adsorption percentages, from 71.2% (23.1 µmol kg−1) to 98.6% (928.0 µmol kg−1). For the rest of the adsorbents, the adsorption was also around 100% when the lowest concentrations of CFX were added, but the percentage dropped sharply when the highest dose of the antibiotic was incorporated. Adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models, with R2 greater than 0.9. Regarding desorption, the materials that presented the lowest values when the highest concentration of CFX was added were wood ash (0%) and mussel shell (2.1%), while pine bark and eucalyptus leaves presented the highest desorption (26.6% and 28.6%, respectively). Therefore, wood ash and mussel shell could be considered adsorbents with a high potential to be used in problems of environmental contamination by CFX.
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27
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Gao P, Tian X, Fu W, Wang Y, Nie Y, Yang C, Deng Y. Copper in LaMnO 3 to promote peroxymonosulfate activation by regulating the reactive oxygen species in sulfamethoxazole degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125163. [PMID: 33485238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskites with flexible texture structures and excellent catalytic properties have attracted considerable attention in peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for addressing organic contaminants in water. In this study, the role of copper to promote PMS activation performance of LaMnO3 was investigated. 100% sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation and 34% mineralization were achieved over copper doped LaMnO3 while only 60% SMX was removed without TOC removal by LaMnO3. Especially, compared with LaMnO3, the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant was increased by 8.30 times when the atomic ratio of Cu/Mn was 1:3. It proved that only 1O2 was generated in LaMnO3 while 1O2, especially •OH and SO4•- were all detected in Cu-LaMnO3/PMS system. The characterization results showed that Cu induced the formation of LaMnO3 and La2CuO4 heterostructure with enhanced content of relatively low-valence Mn and Cu and abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs). Hence, the efficient PMS activation by Cu-LaMnO3 was due to regulating the produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). A radical dominant instead of 1O2 involved PMS activation mechanism over LaMnO3-La2CuO4 was proposed for efficient degradation of SMX. Finally, the possible degradation pathways of SMX were discussed based on HPLC-MS analysis. This study provided a new insight of improving the catalytic activity of perovskites in PMS activation in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Gao
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xike Tian
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Fu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yulun Nie
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yang Deng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
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Gautam RK, Goswami M, Mishra RK, Chaturvedi P, Awashthi MK, Singh RS, Giri BS, Pandey A. Biochar for remediation of agrochemicals and synthetic organic dyes from environmental samples: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129917. [PMID: 35534974 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Application of agrochemicals in farming sector to control insects and pests; and use of synthetic organic dyes to color the products are increasing continuously due to the rapid growth of industries. During the application process many industries releases toxic agrochemicals and dyes in to the aquatic environment and on land without the proper treatment. Due to their toxicity the disposal of such chemicals is of utmost importance. Biochar offers the ability to remediate these substances from environmental matrices because of their high sorption ability of pollutants from water and soil. This review highlights the development and advancement of biochar-based treatment for abatement of agrochemicals and synthetic organic dyes, involving its technical aspects and the variables connected with removing these kinds of pollutants. Several optimization parameters like temperature, pH, chemical concentration, biochar properties, time, and co-existing ions have been elaborated. Literature survey shows that most of the researches on biochar application have been conducted in the batch mode. Hence there is an urgent need to apply this beneficial technique for the remediation of pollutants at the larger scale in the real water and soil samples. A comprehensive summary on sorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms with regards to pollutant removal is also presented. This review also covers the cost analysis of various techniques where biochar has been used as an adsorbent. Thus this review makes an easy roadmap for the further development in biochar and biochar based composites and expansion of these demanding areas of research in biochar and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar Gautam
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mandavi Goswami
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability (CEES), Lucknow, 226 029, UP, India.
| | - Rakesh K Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand (NITUK), Srinagar (Garhwal), 246174, India
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awashthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Ram Sharan Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Balendu Shekhar Giri
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability (CEES), Lucknow, 226 029, UP, India.
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India.
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29
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Madadi R, Bester K. Fungi and biochar applications in bioremediation of organic micropollutants from aquatic media. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112247. [PMID: 33735702 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The conventional wastewater treatment system such as bacteria, is not able to remove recalcitrant micropollutants effectively. While, fungi have shown high capacity in degradation of recalcitrant compounds. Biochar, on the other hand, has gained attention in water and wastewater treatment as a low cost and sustainable adsorbent. This paper aims to review the recent applications of three major fungal divisions including Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Mucoromycotina, in organic micropollutants removal from wastewater. Moreover, it presents an insight into fungal bioreactors, fungal biofilm and immobilization system. Biochar adsorption capacities for organic micropollutants removal under different operating conditions are summarized. Finally, few recommendations for further research are established in the context of the combination of fungal biofilm with the technologies relying on the adsorption by porous carbonaceous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozita Madadi
- Department of agricultural biotechnology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark; WATEC - Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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30
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Kearns J, Dickenson E, Aung MT, Joseph SM, Summers SR, Knappe D. Biochar Water Treatment for Control of Organic Micropollutants with UVA Surrogate Monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2021; 38:298-309. [PMID: 34079203 PMCID: PMC8165476 DOI: 10.1089/ees.2020.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochar adsorbent can be produced in low-resource settings using local materials and simple pyrolysis technology, and it has shown promise for uptake of micropollutants (MPs) such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, industrial compounds, and chemicals released from consumer goods present in water at ng/L to μg/L levels. Accordingly, the use of biochar in water treatment applications where granular activated carbon (GAC) is economically or logistically infeasible is gaining interest. Monitoring treatment systems for individual MPs require laboratory analytical techniques that are typically cost-prohibitive and impractical for low-resource settings. Therefore, identification of surrogate parameters(s) for adsorbent bed life that can be measured inexpensively and in the field is a high priority. Background dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in natural and anthropogenic waters at concentrations typically 1,000 to 100,000 that of MPs. Some constituents of DOM foul the adsorbent and reduce bed life for removal of target contaminants. Aromatic DOM foulants absorb ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 254 nm (UVA254). Because DOM fouling directly affects MP adsorption capacity and DOM is a bulk water parameter that can be quantified using relatively inexpensive and portable instruments, it could be exploited as a surrogate for monitoring biochar adsorber bed life under field conditions. The objective of this study was to quantify removal of MPs from waters containing different types and concentrations of background DOM (surface water, wastewater, dump leachate) and thus exhibiting different UVA254 breakthrough profiles in bench-scale column experiments. Breakthrough profiles of weakly to moderately adsorbing MPs, including herbicides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, and perfluoroalkyl acids, were collected using biochars generated under different pyrolysis conditions and a commercial GAC as a performance benchmark. Optimal conditions for biochar water treatment include using biochar produced from wood at ≥850°C under slightly aerobic conditions, empty bed contact times of ≥30 min, and upstream treatment processes to reduce DOM. Relative UVA254 breakthrough (C/C 0) up to 0.6-0.9 corresponded to ≥90% MP removal for most MP-water combinations studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Kearns
- Aqueous Solutions, Moravian Falls, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric Dickenson
- Southern Nevada Water Authority, Applied Research and Development Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Myat Thandar Aung
- Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Scott R. Summers
- CEAE-EVEN, ECST 201, SEEC S295A, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Detlef Knappe
- Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Abstract
Almost half of the world’s population is living without access to sanitation services that are safe, reliable, and minimize public health risk of human waste exposure. Modern flush-based sanitation networks are unsustainable: substantial resources, namely water and fuel, are required to bring human waste to centralized treatment facilities. Moving toward sustainable sanitation requires the implementation of innovative renewable energy technologies for stabilization and disinfection of waste, at the local or household scale, where minimal inputs of water, electricity or chemicals are required. A novel solar thermal disinfection toilet prototype has been constructed and is assessed for overall solar to receiver efficiency in treating waste without electrical, chemical, or water inputs from municipal supply. The measured solar to receiver efficiency is 28%, incorporating the capturing and concentration of sunlight and transmission of the energy to the receiver. For a typical sunny day, the current system can achieve thermal treatment of 0.8 kg human waste in roughly 100 min. The novel toilet is available for any location in the world with sufficient sunlight and irradiance data, and is scalable by adding solar collectors for sizes from single dwellings to communities.
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Shanableh A, Bhattacharjee S, Alani S, Darwish N, Abdallah M, Mousa M, Semreen M. Assessment of sulfamethoxazole removal by nanoscale zerovalent iron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143307. [PMID: 33189375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Removal of pharmaceutical compounds, such as sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from the aquatic environments, is critical in order to mitigate their adverse environmental and human health effects. In this study, the effectiveness of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles for the removal of SMX was investigated under varying conditions of initial solution pH (3, 5, 7 and 11) and nZVI to SMX mass ratios (1:1, 5:1, 10:1, 13:1, 25:1). Batch kinetic studies, which were well represented using both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models (R2 > 0.98), showed that both solution pH and mass ratios strongly influenced SMX removal. At a fixed mass ratio of 10:1, removal efficiencies were higher in acidic conditions (83% to 91%) compared to neutral (29%) and alkaline (6%) conditions. A similar trend was observed for removal rates and removal amounts. For mass ratios between 1:1 and 10:1, an optimum pH existed (pH 5) wherein highest removal efficiencies were attained. Increasing the mass ratio above 10:1 resulted in virtually complete removal efficiencies at pH 3 and 5, and 70% at pH 7. Analysis of SMX speciation and zeta potential of nZVI particles provided insights into the role of pH on the efficiencies, rates and extents of SMX removal. Total organic carbon analysis and mass spectrometry measurements of SMX solution before and after exposure to nZVI particles suggested the transformation of SMX via redox reactions, which are likely the dominant process compared to adsorption. Five transformation products were observed at m/z 156 (TP1), 192 (TP2), 256 (TP3), 294 (TP4) and 296 (TP5). TP1, TP2 and TP3 were further identified using ion fragment analysis. Overall, results from this study indicate a strong potential for SMX removal by nZVI particles, and could be useful towards identifying reaction conditions for optimum SMX transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Shanableh
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sourjya Bhattacharjee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sama Alani
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noora Darwish
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Abdallah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muath Mousa
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Semreen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Yang Z, Zhu P, Yan C, Wang D, Fang D, Zhou L. Biosynthesized Schwertmannite@Biochar composite as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of sulfanilamide antibiotics. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129175. [PMID: 33341701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Schwertmannite was successfully loaded onto biochar (Sch@BC) using a biosynthetic method. The physicochemical properties and structural morphology of Sch@BC were explored using XRD, SEM, BET, and XPS. The results showed that introducing biochar can effectively prevent the agglomeration of Sch. The catalytic activity of Sch@BC in the Fenton-like degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was also systematically investigated under different reaction conditions. Under optimum conditions ([SMX] = 10 mg L-1, [H2O2] = 2.0 mM, Sch@BC = 1.0 g L-1 and initial pH = 3.0), the removal efficiencies of the SMX and total organic carbon (TOC) were 100% and 45.9%, respectively, within 60 min of the reaction. The results of the radical scavenger effect and ESR studies suggested that the SMX degradation in the Sch@BC/H2O2 system was dominated by a heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. The repeated use of Sch@BC for SMX degradation demonstrated its reusability and stability in Fenton-like reactions. There was also speculation about the degradation mechanism and pathways of SMX. Furthermore, under the same conditions, the removal efficiencies of sulfadiazine (SD) and sulfisoxazole (SIZ) under Fenton-like degradation in the Sch@BC system were 91% and 93%. The results provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the creation of a new catalyst using biochar as a support material for the degradation of sulfanilamide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshun Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chongmiao Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dianzhan Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Di Fang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lixiang Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Gopinath A, Divyapriya G, Srivastava V, Laiju AR, Nidheesh PV, Kumar MS. Conversion of sewage sludge into biochar: A potential resource in water and wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110656. [PMID: 33359460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Production of biochar from sewage sludge (SS) is consistent with the goal of sustainable resource recovery and promotes a wastewater-based circular economy. Thermochemical conversion of SS to biochar resolves two major issues simultaneously as it minimizes the cost of disposal and acts as a resource to eliminate the toxic contaminants from water and wastewater. The reusability and ready availability of the biochar, irrespective of the season, makes it an economically viable material for wastewater treatment. In this review, explicit insights into the production, modification and usage of SS derived biochar are provided including (i) the production yield, (ii) characteristic features such as physical, chemical, electrochemical and morphological aspects, and (iii) impact on contaminant removal through adsorption, catalytic and electrochemical processes. Particular attention is given to the use of SS derived biochar as an adsorbent for contaminants present in wastewaters, the potential use of biochar as a catalyst and support material in advanced oxidation processes and the use of biochars as an electrode material. The effect of pyrolysis conditions and co-pyrolysis with other materials on biochar properties is explored and insight is provided into the toxicity of biochar components present at different process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashitha Gopinath
- CSIR National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - G Divyapriya
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Vartika Srivastava
- CSIR National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - A R Laiju
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - M Suresh Kumar
- CSIR National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Li Q, Yu W, Guo L, Wang Y, Zhao S, Zhou L, Jiang X. Sorption of Sulfamethoxazole on Inorganic Acid Solution-Etched Biochar Derived from Alfalfa. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14041033. [PMID: 33671672 PMCID: PMC7926576 DOI: 10.3390/ma14041033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The properties of alfalfa-derived biochars etched with phosphoric (PBC) or hydrochloric acid (ClBC) compared with raw materials (BC) were examine in this paper. SEM, FT-IR, XRD, BET and elemental analysis were performed to characterize the micromorphology and chemical structure comprehensibly. The results showed that the porous structure was enhanced, and surface area was increased via etching with inorganic acids. Batch adsorption experiments were performed for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) to biochars. The experimental data showed that modified biochars exhibited higher adsorption capacity for SMX, i.e., the adsorption quantity of ClBC and PBC had risen by 38% and 46%. The impact on pH values suggested that the physisorption, including pore-filling and electrostatic interaction, might be applied to original biochar. In addition, chemisorption also played a role, including hydrogen bonding, π-π electron donor acceptor interaction (π-π EDA), and so on. Furthermore, both pH and coexisting ions also had a certain effect on sorption. Enhancement of the electrostatic attraction between biochar and SMX might also account for the enhanced capacity of SMX at pH < 7, and coexisting ions could decrease the amount of SMX adsorbed onto biochars, mainly because of competition for adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Linwen Guo
- Ningdong Forestry Bureau of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710127, China;
| | - Yuhang Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Siyu Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (W.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (X.J.)
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Delgado-Moreno L, Bazhari S, Gasco G, Méndez A, El Azzouzi M, Romero E. New insights into the efficient removal of emerging contaminants by biochars and hydrochars derived from olive oil wastes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141838. [PMID: 32889274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The removal of emerging contaminants (ECs) for water source reclamation, minimizing energy and chemical use, is an environmental concern worldwide. In this study, we used the technologically cleaner pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes to convert olive oil production wastes into chars in order to simultaneously remove triclosan (TCS), ibuprofen (IBP) and diclofenac (DCF) from water. The chars prepared from olive stone (S), olive tree pruning (P) and pitted and reprocessed wet olive mill waste (H), as well as commercial biochars and a commercial active carbon (CAC), were characterized using different techniques and assayed as adsorbents. Pyrolysis temperatures had only a slight effect on the adsorption capacity of chars. The pseudo second-order reaction kinetic and the Freundlich equation provided the best fit for experimental data. The pH values of char suspensions were negatively correlated with their maximum adsorption capacities. The hydrochars synthetized at the lowest temperatures (≤ 240 °C), which had an acidic pH and were rich in oxygenated functional groups, recorded the highest adsorption rates (64% for DCF, 43% for IBP) and especially for TCS, with a rate of 98%, despite of a low surface area of 7.5 m2/ g. This study demonstrates for the first time that unmodified hydrochars from pitted and reprocessed wet olive mill waste are inexpensive, sustainable and environmentally friendly adsorbents which can be used to remove ECs and other similar compounds in water treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Delgado-Moreno
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain.
| | - Saida Bazhari
- Physical Chemistry of Materials and Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Gabriel Gasco
- Department of Agriculture, ETSI Agronomists, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Méndez
- Department of Geological Engineering and Mining, ETSI Mines and Energy, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mohammed El Azzouzi
- Physical Chemistry of Materials and Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Esperanza Romero
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain.
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37
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Russell JN, Yost CK. Alternative, environmentally conscious approaches for removing antibiotics from wastewater treatment systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128177. [PMID: 33297145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the environment is of critical concern from a public health perspective, with many human impacted environments showing increased incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Wastewater treatment environments are of particular interest due to their high levels of antibiotic residuals, which can select for antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. However, wastewater treatment plants are generally not designed to remove antibiotics from collected waste, and many of the currently proposed methods are unsafe for environmental use. This has prompted researchers to identify alternative environmentally safe methods for removing antibiotics from wastewater to be used in parallel with conventional wastewater treatment, as it is a potential strategy towards the mitigation of environmental antibiotic resistance selection. This paper reviews several methods developed to absorb and/or degrade antibiotics from aqueous solutions and wastewater biosolids, which includes ligninolytic fungi and ligninolytic enzymes, algae-driven photobioreactors and algae-activated sludge, and organically-sourced biochars.
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Okaikue-Woodi FEK, Cherukumilli K, Ray JR. A critical review of contaminant removal by conventional and emerging media for urban stormwater treatment in the United States. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116434. [PMID: 32998096 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater is a major component of the urban water cycle contributing to street flooding and high runoff volumes in urban areas, and elevated contaminant concentrations in receiving waters from contact with impervious surfaces. Engineers and city planners are investing in best management practices to reduce runoff volume and to potentially capture and use urban stormwater. However, these current approaches result in moderate to low contaminant removal efficiencies for certain classes of contaminants (e.g., particles, nutrients, and some metals). This review describes options and opportunities to augment existing stormwater infrastructure with conventional and emerging reactive media to improve contaminant removal. This critical analysis characterizes media physicochemical properties and mechanisms contributing to contaminant removal, describes possible candidates for new engineered media, highlights lab and field studies investigating stormwater media contaminant removal, and identifies possible limitations and knowledge gaps in media implementation. Following this analysis, information is provided regarding factors that may contribute to or adversely impact urban stormwater treatment by media. The review closes with insights into additional research directions and important information necessary for safe and effective urban stormwater treatment using media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny E K Okaikue-Woodi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, USA
| | - Katya Cherukumilli
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, USA
| | - Jessica R Ray
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, USA.
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Li D, Zhou H, Huang L, Zhang J, Cui J, Li X. Role of adsorption during nanofiltration of sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin solution. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1806326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danyan Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zhou
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyu Cui
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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40
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Choudhary M, Kumar R, Neogi S. Activated biochar derived from Opuntia ficus-indica for the efficient adsorption of malachite green dye, Cu +2 and Ni +2 from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122441. [PMID: 32193109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Applicability of biochar in water treatment is gaining interest due to its sustainability and low production cost. Herein, the biochar (BC) and activated biochar (ABC) synthesized from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) cactus were evaluated as a renewable adsorbent for adsorption of organic as well as inorganic pollutants including malachite green (MG) dye, Cu+2 and Ni+2 heavy metals. The modification of biochar with NaOH resulted higher surface basicity regarding more oxygen containing functional groups on the surface. The maximum uptake of 1341 mg g-1, 49 mg g-1 and 44 mg g-1 onto activated biochar for malachite green dye, Cu+2 and Ni+2 was acquired through the best fitted Langmuir isotherm model. Pseudo-second-order and Elovich models were found to provide a suitable fit indicating towards the chemisorption of all three components. Film diffusion and chemisorption are the main steps in adsorption of MG dye and heavy metals on activated biochar. The adsorption mechanisms were also hypothesized for adsorption of MG dye, Cu+2 and Ni+2. The remarkable adsorption capacities with higher reusability characteristics for adsorption of organic pollutants as well as inorganic heavy metals entrusts this activated biochar as a potential cost-effective adsorbent to mitigate water pollution issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Choudhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Sudarsan Neogi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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41
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Yu Y, Ma R, Qu H, Zuo Y, Yu Z, Hu G, Li Z, Chen H, Lin B, Wang B, Yu G. Enhanced adsorption of tetrabromobisphenol a (TBBPA) on cosmetic-derived plastic microbeads and combined effects on zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126067. [PMID: 32041069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution and its potential environmental risks have drawn increasing concerns in recent years. Among which, microbeads in personal care and cosmetic products has becoming an emerging issue for their abundance as well as the knowledge gaps in their precise environmental behaviors in freshwater. The present study investigated the sorption process of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), the most widely applied and frequently encountered flame retardant in aquatic environments, on two sources of polyethylene (PE) particles (pristine PE particles and microbeads isolated from personal care and cosmetic products). Significantly enhanced adsorption capacity of microbeads was observed with up to 5-folds higher than the pristine PE particles. The sorption efficiency was also governed by solution pH, especially for the cosmetic-derived microbeads, indicating the strong adsorption of TBBPA on PE was dominated by both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Additionally, combined effects on redox status of zebrafish were evaluated with two environmental relevant concentrations of PE particles (0.5 and 5 mg L-1) using integrated biomarker response (IBR) index through a 14-d exposure. Co-exposure induced significant antioxidative stress than either PE or TBBPA alone when exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 of MPs. After 7-d depuration, the IBR value for combination treatments [TBBPA + PE (L)] was 3-fold compared with that in MP-free groups, indicating the coexistence might exert a prolonged adverse effects on aquatic organisms. These results highlight the probability of risk from microbead pollution in freshwater, where toxic compounds can be adsorbed on microbeads in a considerable amount resulting in potential adverse effects towards aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Han Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
| | - You Zuo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ziling Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zongrui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Bigui Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Thompson KA, Valencia EW, Summers RS, Cook SM. Sorption, coagulation, and biodegradation for graywater treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:2152-2162. [PMID: 32701493 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Population growth and climate change are exacerbating water scarcity. Graywater recycling could reduce water demand but it is not commonly practiced because of high treatment costs. Biochar, an emerging low-cost alternative sorbent with potential environmental benefits for graywater treatment, was compared to activated carbon (AC) for removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from graywater. The impact of pretreatments (coagulation, biodegradation) were also evaluated. Among five biochars tested, a wood-based biochar was the most effective for graywater treatment, but AC removed more DOC. Sorption resulted in a greater percent removal of ultraviolet (UV) absorbance than DOC or free chlorine demand. Graywater regulations could not be met by sorption alone but could be met with pretreatment before sorption. After biodegradation, irrigation and toilet flushing treatment targets could be achieved with AC doses less than 0.7 g/L, while a biochar dose of about 1 g/L was needed to achieve the irrigation treatment targets. For DOC removal, alum coagulation at a dose of 30 mg/L was a less effective pretreatment than biodegradation. Pretreatment and sorption to decrease turbidity and increase UV transmittance could be effective for the potential use of UV disinfection, thus creating an effective graywater non-potable reuse approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Thompson
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA E-mail:
| | - Evan W Valencia
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA E-mail:
| | - R Scott Summers
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA E-mail:
| | - Sherri M Cook
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA E-mail:
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Del Bubba M, Anichini B, Bakari Z, Bruzzoniti MC, Camisa R, Caprini C, Checchini L, Fibbi D, El Ghadraoui A, Liguori F, Orlandini S. Physicochemical properties and sorption capacities of sawdust-based biochars and commercial activated carbons towards ethoxylated alkylphenols and their phenolic metabolites in effluent wastewater from a textile district. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135217. [PMID: 31810702 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three biochars were produced using sawdust from waste biomass, via a simple pyrolysis thermal conversion at 450, 650, and 850 °C (BC450, BC650, and BC850), without any activation process. These materials, together with vegetal and mineral commercial activated carbons (VAC and MAC), were characterized for their elemental composition, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, t-plot microporosity and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda mesoporosity. Moreover, iodine, phenol and methylene blue porosity indexes were measured. The materials were also evaluated for their pH of the point of zero charge, as well as near-surface chemical composition and surface functionality by means of X-ray photoelectron and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Ash content, water-extractable metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were also determined. BC650 showed a much higher surface area (319 m2 g-1) compared to BC450 (102 m2 g-1), as well as an increase in aromatization and the residual presence of functional polar groups. BC850 exhibited a loss of polar and aromatic groups, with the dominance of graphitic carbon and the highest value of surface area (419 m2 g-1). Biochars comply with the EN 12915-1/2009 limits for metal and PAH release in water treatment. Biochars and MAC were tested using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for the sorption in real effluent wastewater of a mixture of 14 branched ethoxylated 4-t-octyl and 4-nonylphenols, as well as 4-t-octyl and 4-nonylphenol, the latter representing persistent, endocrine disrupting contaminants, widespread in the effluents from wastewater treatment plants and listed as priority/priority hazardous substances in the Directive 2013/39/EU. Biochars showed a lower sorption efficiency compared to MAC. The best performance was found for BC650 towards the alkylphenols (9-13 times less efficient than the MAC). Considering the lower market price of biochar compared to MAC (estimated as at least 16 times less expensive by a small market survey), the former can be considered more competitive than the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Zaineb Bakari
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; National Engineering School of Sfax, Route de la Soukra km 4 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Claudia Caprini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Checchini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Ayoub El Ghadraoui
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Liguori
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, National Research Council (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Cheng M, Song G, Zhu G, Shi D, Fan J. Reusable ionic liquid‐functionalized polystyrene for the highly efficient removal of sulfadiazine sodium. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of EducationHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental and Municipal EngineeringNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou Henan 450046 People's Republic of China
| | - Gangfu Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal EngineeringNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou Henan 450046 People's Republic of China
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of EducationHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Shi
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of EducationHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of EducationHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
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45
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Tailored mesoporous biochar sorbents from pinecone biomass for the adsorption of natural organic matter from lake water. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Regkouzas P, Diamadopoulos E. Adsorption of selected organic micro-pollutants on sewage sludge biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:840-851. [PMID: 30852464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biochar was produced from three differently treated sewage sludge biomasses, in three pyrolytic temperatures, 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C, under continuous N2 supply. The produced samples were physicochemically characterized and their initial metal concentration, along with metal leaching potential, were investigated. Moreover, the application of the biochar samples as adsorbents for the removal of seven emerging organic micro-pollutants from table water and treated wastewater matrices was investigated. The results showed that even though the biochar samples were not especially enriched in terms of physicochemical characterization, they were effective as adsorptive materials in the respective experiments. Pollutant removal was in the range of 67-99% for the table water experiments, while the removal for the wastewater experiments was 35-97%. The results of this study indicate that sewage sludge biochar has the potential to be an effective, low-cost adsorbent, providing, at the same time, a viable and environmentally friendly solution concerning the difficult task of sludge management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Regkouzas
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - Evan Diamadopoulos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece.
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Soares SF, Fernandes T, Trindade T, Daniel-da-Silva AL. Trimethyl Chitosan/Siloxane-Hybrid Coated Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles for the Uptake of Sulfamethoxazole from Water. Molecules 2019; 24:E1958. [PMID: 31117303 PMCID: PMC6572444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of several organic contaminants in the environment and aquatic compartments has been a matter of great concern in the recent years. To tackle this problem, new sustainable and cost-effective technologies are needed. Herein we describe magnetic biosorbents prepared from trimethyl chitosan (TMC), which is a quaternary chitosan scarcely studied for environmental applications. Core@shell particles comprising a core of magnetite (Fe3O4) coated with TMC/siloxane hybrid shells (Fe3O4@SiO2/SiTMC) were successfully prepared using a simple one-step coating procedure. Adsorption tests were conducted to investigate the potential of the coated particles for the magnetically assisted removal of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from aqueous solutions. It was found that TMC-based particles provide higher SMX adsorption capacity than the counterparts prepared using pristine chitosan. Therefore, the type of chemical modification introduced in the chitosan type precursors used in the surface coatings has a dominant effect on the sorption efficiency of the respective final magnetic nanosorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia F Soares
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tito Trindade
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana L Daniel-da-Silva
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Ashoori N, Teixido M, Spahr S, LeFevre GH, Sedlak DL, Luthy RG. Evaluation of pilot-scale biochar-amended woodchip bioreactors to remove nitrate, metals, and trace organic contaminants from urban stormwater runoff. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 154:1-11. [PMID: 30763870 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater is increasingly being valued as a freshwater resource in arid regions and can provide opportunities for beneficial reuse via aquifer recharge if adequate pollutant removal can be achieved. We envision a multi-unit operation approach to capture, treat, and recharge (CTR) stormwater using low energy, cost-effective technologies appropriate for larger magnitude, less frequent events. Herein, we tested nutrient, metal, and trace organic contaminant removal of a pilot-scale CTR system in the laboratory using biochar-amended woodchip bioreactors following eight months of aging under field conditions with exposure to real stormwater. Replicate columns with woodchips and biochar (33% by weight), woodchips and straw, or woodchips only were operated with continuous, saturated flow for eight months using water from a watershed that drained an urban area consisting of residential housing and parks in Sonoma, California. After aging, columns were challenged for five months by continuous exposure to synthetic stormwater amended with 50 μg L-1 of six trace organic contaminants (i.e., fipronil, diuron, 1H-benzotriazole, atrazine, 2,4-D, and TCEP) and five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) frequently detected in stormwater in order to replicate the treatment unit operation of a CTR system. Throughout the eight-month aging and five-month challenge experiment, nitrate concentrations were below the detection limit after treatment (i.e., <0.05 mg N L-1). The removal efficiencies for metals in all treatments were >80% for Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb. For Zn, about 50% removal occurred in the woodchip-biochar systems while the other systems achieved about 20% removal. No breakthrough of the trace organic compounds was observed in any biochar-containing columns. Woodchip columns without biochar removed approximately 99% of influent atrazine and 90% of influent fipronil, but exhibited relatively rapid breakthrough of TCEP, 2,4-D, 1H-benzotriazole, and diuron. The addition of straw to the woodchip columns provided no significant benefit compared to woodchips alone. Due to the lack of breakthrough of trace organics in the biochar-woodchip columns, we estimated column breakthrough with a diffusion-limited sorption model. Results of the model indicate breakthrough for the trace organics would occur between 10,000 and 32,000 pore volumes. Under ideal conditions this could be equivalent to decades of service, assuming failure by other processes (e.g., clogging, biofouling) does not occur. These results indicate that multiple contaminants can be removed in woodchip-biochar reactors employed in stormwater treatment systems with suitable flow control and that the removal of trace organic contaminants is enhanced significantly by addition of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Ashoori
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marc Teixido
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Spahr
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory H LeFevre
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David L Sedlak
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Richard G Luthy
- Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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49
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Safari S, Alam MS, von Gunten K, Samborsky S, Alessi DS. Inhibition of naphthalene leaching from municipal carbonaceous waste by a magnetic organophilic clay. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 368:578-583. [PMID: 30711706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste conversion into biofuels via gasification is one of the latest technologies to divert waste from landfills. The byproduct of the process is a carbonaceous material, which is often tainted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as naphthalene that can leach into the environment and have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. In this paper, we present a novel method to address the issue of leachable naphthalene in a carbonaceous waste produced from a gasification process, using a magnetic sorbent. The sorbent was fabricated by the coprecipitation of iron oxide nanoparticles on an organophilic clay under atmospheric conditions. The characterization results show that the intercalated nanoparticles are predominantly magnetite with a diameter of 15-20 nm, and increase the clay specific surface area from 0.4 to 17 m2 g-1. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure results indicate that the magnetic composite has a high naphthalene inhibition efficiency comparable to that of the original clay. As opposed to the clay alone, the magnetic hybrid can be separated from the carbonaceous waste with a magnet, regenerated by heat treatment, and reused without compromising its naphthalene removal efficiency. Thus, these composites may provide a cost-effective method to curtail leaching of PAH from contaminated carbonaceous waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Safari
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada.
| | - Md Samrat Alam
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Konstantin von Gunten
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | | | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
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Wu J, Lu J, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Min X. Adsorptive Removal of Tetracyclines and Fluoroquinolones Using Yak Dung Biochar. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:407-412. [PMID: 30552439 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the adsorptive removal of target fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines by biochar made by yak dung collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Yak dung biochar pyrolyzed at 700 °C possessed surface area of 198.745 m2 g-1 and multiple functional groups. Effects of different factors including biochar dosage, pH, temperature, and initial concentration on adsorption of antibiotics were discussed. The biochar dosage of 1 g L-1 was preferable for adsorptive removal of antibiotics. Adsorption of target antibiotics did not show pH-dependent features. Adsorption capacities of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines positively increased with temperature and initial concentration. Pseudo-second order model and the Freundlich model better fitted the experimental kinetic and isotherm data, respectively. Yak dung biochar provides a new idea on resource utilization of solid wastes and pollution control in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, 810008, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Cui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuyun Min
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, 810008, Xining, Qinghai, China
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