1
|
Suchana S, Araujo SP, Lomheim L, Mack EE, Spain JC, Edwards E, Passeport E. Compound-Specific Carbon, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen Isotope Analysis to Characterize Aerobic Biodegradation of 2,3-Dichloroaniline by a Mixed Enrichment Culture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12042-12050. [PMID: 38934904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) is an established tool to track the in situ transformation of organic chemicals at contaminated sites. In this work, we evaluated the potential of multi-element CSIA to assess biodegradation of 2,3-dichloroaniline (2,3-DCA), which is a major industrial feedstock. Using controlled laboratory experiments, we determined, for the first time, negligible carbon (<0.5‰) and hydrogen (<10‰) isotope fractionation and a significant inverse nitrogen isotope fractionation (>10‰) during aerobic 2,3-DCA biodegradation by a mixed enrichment culture. The tentative identification of a glutamate conjugate of 2,3-DCA as a reaction intermediate indicates that the initial multistep enzymatic reaction may be rate-limiting. The formation of the glutamate adduct would increase the bond energy at the N atom, thus likely explaining the observed inverse N isotope fractionation. The corresponding nitrogen enrichment factor was +6.8 ± 0.6‰. This value was applied to investigate the in situ 2,3-DCA biodegradation at a contaminated site where the carbon and nitrogen isotope signatures from field samples suggested similar aerobic processes by native microorganisms. Under the assumption of the applicability of the Rayleigh model in a pilot wetland treating contaminated groundwater, the extent of biodegradation was estimated to be up to 80-90%. This study proposes multi-element CSIA as a novel application to study 2,3-DCA fate in groundwater and surface water and provides insights into biodegradation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamsunnahar Suchana
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Sofia Pimentel Araujo
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Line Lomheim
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - E Erin Mack
- Corteva Remediation Group, Wilmington, Delaware 19805, United States
| | - Jim C Spain
- Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514-5751, United States
| | - Elizabeth Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Elodie Passeport
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiu R, Chen A, Zhang P, Tang X, Wang C, Sun H. Preparation of novel Fe-containing zeolite-A for KN-R decolorization by Fenton-like reaction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28525-28537. [PMID: 38558348 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Herein, novel catalysts of Fe-containing zeolite-A (Fe/zeolite-A) were synthesized by exchanging iron ions into zeolite-A framework, and short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) were employed as chelating agents. Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R (KN-R) was used as a model pollutant to evaluate the performance of these catalysts based on the heterogeneous Fenton reaction. The results showed that Fe-OA/3A, which applied zeolite-3A as the supporter and oxalic as the chelating agent, presented the most prominent KN-R decolorization efficiency. Under the initial pH of 2.5, 0.4 mM KN-R could be totally decolorized within 20 min. However, the mineralization efficiency of KN-R was only 58.2%. Therefore, anthraquinone dyes were introduced to modify zeolite-3A. As a result, the mineralization efficiency of KN-R was elevated to 92.7% when using Alizarin Violet (AV) as the modifier. Moreover, the modified catalysts exhibited excellent stability, the KN-R decolorization efficiency could be maintained above 95.0% within 20 min after operating for nine cycles. The mechanism revealed that the Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle was accelerated by AV-modified catalyst thus prompting the KN-R decolorization in Fenton-like system. These findings provide new insights for preparing catalysts with excellent activity and stability for dye wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Aiyin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xuejiao Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang E, Huang T, Li J, Wang T. Degradation pathways of atrazine by electrochemical oxidation at different current densities: Identifications from compound-specific isotope analysis and DFT calculation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121987. [PMID: 37301451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Current density was the key factor that impacted pollutant degradation by electrochemical oxidation, and reaction contributions at various current densities were non-negligible for the cost-effective treatments of organic pollutants. This research introduced compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) into atrazine (ATZ) degradation by boron doped diamond (BDD) with current density of 2.5-20 mA/cm2, in order to provide "in-situ" and "fingerprint" analysis of reaction contributions with changed current densities. As results, the increased current density displayed a positive impact on ATZ removal. The ɅC/H values (correlations of Δδ13C and Δδ2H) were 24.58, 9.18 and 8.74 when current densities were 20, 4, and 2.5 mA/cm2, with ·OH contribution of 93.5%, 77.2% and 80.35%, respectively. While DET process favored lower current density with contribution rates up to ∼20%. What's more interesting, though the carbon and hydrogen isotope enrichment factors (εC and εH) were fluctuate, the ɅC/H linearly increased accompanied with applied current densities. Therefore, increasing current density was effective due to the larger ·OH contribution even though side reactions may occur. DFT calculations proved the increase of C-Cl bond length and the delocalization of Cl atom, confirming dechlorination reaction mainly occurred in the direct electron transfer process. While ·OH radical mainly attack the C-N bond on the side chain, which was more benefit to the fast decomposition of ATZ molecule and intermediates. It was forceful to discuss pollutant degradation mechanism by combining CSIA and DFT calculations. Target bond cleavage (i.e., dehalogenation reaction) can be conducted by changing reaction conditions like current density due to the significantly different isotope fractionation and bond cleavage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enhang Liang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Taobo Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu X, Wu L, Kümmel S, Richnow HH. Stable isotope fractionation associated with the synthesis of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers for characterizing sources. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133938. [PMID: 35149010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The stable isotope fingerprints of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers have potential for identifying sources as they are related to the synthesis processes and isotopic compositions of raw materials. However, the isotopic fractionation associated with the synthesis processes has not been investigated. Therefore, photochemical synthesis experiments using benzene and chlorine gas were conducted to characterize the associated isotopic fractionation under different conditions. Different patterns of isotopic fractionation factors (αC, αCl, and αH) were observed in each experiment. The large variability of αH is related to the accumulating secondary hydrogen isotope effects or the rearrangement of C-H bonds at the cyclohexane ring. An increase of δ13C and δ37Cl values of HCH isomers was observed during synthesis, which is related to the C-Cl bond formation in the radical dichlorination forming HCH and the subsequent chlorine substitution forming heptachlorocyclohexanes. The large variability of δ2H values is related to the secondary and primary hydrogen isotope effects. Different δ13C, δ37Cl and δ2H values among HCH isomers were observed, indicating that conformational complexity of HCH caused by arrangement of C-Cl bonds in planar and axial positions also influence the isotope values. The understanding of isotopic fractionation during HCH synthesis can be indicative for source identification in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu L, Suchana S, Flick R, Kümmel S, Richnow H, Passeport E. Carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen stable isotope fractionation allow characterizing the reaction mechanisms of 1H-benzotriazole aqueous phototransformation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117519. [PMID: 34391022 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1H-benzotriazole is part of a larger family of benzotriazoles, which are widely used as lubricants, polymer stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, and anti-icing fluid components. It is frequently detected in urban runoff, wastewater, and receiving aquatic environments. 1H-benzotriazole is typically resistant to biodegradation and hydrolysis, but can be transformed via direct photolysis and photoinduced mechanisms. In this study, the phototransformation mechanisms of 1H-benzotriazole were characterized using multi-element compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA). The kinetics, transformation products, and isotope fractionation results altogether revealed that 1H-benzotriazole direct photolysis and indirect photolysis induced by OH radicals involved two alternative pathways. In indirect photolysis, aromatic hydroxylation dominated and was associated with small carbon (εC = -0.65 ± 0.03‰), moderate hydrogen (εH = -21.6‰), and negligible nitrogen isotope enrichment factors and led to hydroxylated forms of benzotriazole. In direct photolysis of 1H-benzotriazole, significant nitrogen (εN = -8.4 ± 0.4 to -4.2 ± 0.3‰) and carbon (εC = -4.3 ± 0.2 to -1.64 ± 0.04‰) isotope enrichment factors indicated an initial N-N bond cleavage followed by nitrogen elimination with a C-N bond cleavage. The results of this study highlight the potential for multi-element CSIA application to track 1H-benzotriazole degradation in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Langping Wu
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Shamsunnahar Suchana
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hans Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Elodie Passeport
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cui G, Lartey-Young G, Chen C, Ma L. Photodegradation of pesticides using compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA): a review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25122-25140. [PMID: 35478915 PMCID: PMC9037106 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01658j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are commonly applied in agriculture to protect crops from pests, weeds, and harmful pathogens. However, chronic, low-level exposure to pesticides can be toxic to humans. Photochemical degradation of pesticides in water, soil, and other environmental media can alter their environmental fate and toxicity. Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) is an advanced diagnostic tool to quantify the degradation of organic pollutants and provide insight into reaction mechanisms without the need to identify transformation products. CSIA allows for the direct quantification of organic degradation, including pesticides. This review summarizes the recent developments observed in photodegradation studies on different categories of pesticides using CSIA technology. Only seven pesticides have been studied using photodegradation, and these studies have mostly occurred in the last five years. Knowledge gaps in the current literature, as well as potential approaches for CSIA technology for pesticide monitoring, are discussed in this review. Furthermore, the CSIA analytical method is challenged by chemical element types, the accuracy of instrument analysis, reaction conditions, and the stability of degradation products. Finally, future research applications and the operability of this method are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guolu Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China
| | - George Lartey-Young
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Chong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Limin Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang C, Zeng Y, Cao Y, Zhu C, Ren Z, Liu YE, Gao S, Tian Y, Luo X, Mai B. Mechanistic Aspects Regarding the Ultraviolet Degradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Different Media: Insights from Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Fractionation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7731-7740. [PMID: 34003641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation during ultraviolet-photolysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, including PCB18, PCB77, PCB110, and PCB138) in n-hexane (Hex), methanol/water (MeOH/H2O), and silica gel was first investigated to explore their mechanistic processes. We observed a significant variation in ΛCl-C (εCl/εC) for the same PCBs in different photochemical systems, implying that PCB degradation processes in various photoreaction systems could differ. Although all substrates showed normal apparent carbon/chlorine kinetic isotope effects (C-/Cl-AKIE >1), the putative inverse C-AKIE of nondechlorinated pathways was suggested by 13C depletion of the average carbon isotope composition of PCB138 and corresponding dechlorinated products in MeOH/H2O, which might originate from the magnetic isotope effect. Significant negative correlations were found between C-AKIE and relative disappearance quantum yields ("Φ") of ortho-dechlorinated substrates (PCB18, PCB110, and PCB138) in Hex and MeOH/H2O. However, the C-AKIE and "Φ" of PCB77 (meta/para-dechlorinated congener) obviously deviated from the above correlations. Furthermore, significantly different product-related carbon isotope enrichment factors of PCB77 in Hex were found. These results demonstrated the existence of dechlorination position-specific and masking effects in carbon isotope fractionations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zihe Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yin-E Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shutao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yankuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He M, Wan Z, Tsang DCW, Sun Y, Khan E, Hou D, Graham NJD. Performance indicators for a holistic evaluation of catalyst-based degradation-A case study of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123460. [PMID: 32683158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been made to develop effective and sustainable catalysts, e.g., carbon-/biochar-based catalyst, for the decontamination of organic pollutants in water/wastewater. Most of the published studies evaluated the catalytic performance mainly upon degradation efficiency of parent compounds; however, comprehensive and field-relevant performance assessment is still in need. This review critically analysed the performance indicators for carbon-/biochar-based catalytic degradation from the perspectives of: (1) degradation of parent compounds, i.e., concentrations, kinetics, reactive oxidative species (ROS) analysis, and residual oxidant concentration; (2) formation of intermediates and by-products, i.e., intermediates analysis, evolution of inorganic ions, and total organic carbon (TOC); and (3) impact assessment of treated samples, i.e., toxicity evolution, disinfection effect, and biodegradability test. Five most frequently detected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) (sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and acetaminophen) were selected as a case study to articulate the performance indicators for a holistic evaluation of carbon-/biochar-based catalytic degradation. This review also encourages the development of alternative performance indicators to facilitate the rational design of catalysts in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhonghao Wan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan L, Chen J, He X, Zhan T, Shen H. Aqueous photodegradation of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1: Persistence, kinetics, photoproducts, pathways, and toxicity evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140593. [PMID: 32673911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins are a class of natural organic contaminants that pose a serious threat not only to marine ecosystems and fisheries but also to human health. They are widely distributed in coastal and offshore waters around the world. However, the persistence and photochemical degradation characteristics of DSP in an aqueous environment are still unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the photochemical fate of two representative DSP toxins, namely, okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1). Results showed that photo-mediated chemical reactions play a crucial role in eliminating DSP toxins in seawater. However, the degradation of OA and DTX1 was relatively slow under natural solar radiation, with a removal efficiency of 90.0% after exposure for more than 20 days. When the reaction solutions of OA and DTX1 were exposed to Hg lamp radiation, their degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and was remarkably influenced by seawater pH and metal-ion concentration. A total of 24 tentative transformation products (TPs) of OA and DTX1 were identified via liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. C12 (C43H66O11) and C24 (C44H68O11) were the main TPs. The following possible photodegradation pathways were proposed: decarboxylation, photoinduced hydrolysis, chain scission, and photo-oxidation. Toxicity assays via protein phosphatase 2A inhibition proved that photochemical processes could significantly reduce the DSP toxicity of irradiated solutions by approximately 88%. This work provides an enhanced understanding of the fate of DSP toxins in the aqueous environment, allowing for an improved assessment of their environmental impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pan
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao Technology University of Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiuping He
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tianrong Zhan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao Technology University of Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Huihui Shen
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong J, Li G, Peng P, Gelman F, Ronen Z, An T. Mechanism investigation and stable isotope change during photochemical degradation of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in water under LED white light irradiation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127378. [PMID: 32554023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light driven degradation is very promising for pollutants remediation. In the present work, photochemical reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) under LED white light (λ > 400 nm) irradiation system was investigated to figure out the TBBPA photochemical degradation pathways and isotope fractionation patterns associated with transformation mechanisms. Results indicated that photochemical degradation of TBBPA would happen only with addition to humic acid in air bubbling but not in N2 bubbling. For photochemical reaction of TBBPA, singlet oxygen (1O2) was found to be important reactive oxygen species for the photochemical degradation of TBBPA. 2,6-Dibromo-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone and two isopropyl phenol derivatives were identified as the photochemical degradation intermediates by 1O2. 2,6-Dibromo-4-(1-methoxy-ethyl)-phenol was determined as an intermediate via oxidative skeletal rearrangement, reduction and O-methylation. Hydrolysis product hydroxyl-tribromobisphenol A was also observed in the reductive debromination process. In addition, to deeply explore the mechanism, carbon and bromine isotope analysis were performed using gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) and gas chromatography-multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC/MC/ICPMS) during the photochemical degradation of TBBPA. The results showed that photochemical degradation could not result in statistically significant isotope fractionation, indicated that the bond cleavage of C-C and C-Br were not the rate controlling process. Stable isotope of carbon being not fractionated will be useful for distinguishing the pathways of TBBPA and tracing TBBPA fate in water systems. This work sheds light on photochemical degradation mechanisms of brominated organic contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jukun Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping'an Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Faina Gelman
- Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malhei Israel Street, Jerusalem, 95501, Israel
| | - Zeev Ronen
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Sede Boqer, 84990, Israel
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Mekic M, Carena L, Vione D, Gligorovski S, Zhang G, Jin B. Tracking photodegradation products and bond-cleavage reaction pathways of triclosan using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry and stable carbon isotope analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114673. [PMID: 32388298 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound ubiquitously found in surface waters throughout the world. Although several studies have focused on the photochemical degradation of TCS, there is still limited knowledge about its environmental fate. In this study, we got molecular-level insights into the photochemical degradation of TCS. Significant stable carbon isotope fractionation was observed during photodegradation; different bond-cleavage reaction pathways under different photolytic conditions were characterized, using compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA). Photochemical modeling of TCS photodegradation showed that direct photolysis would be the main transformation pathway if pH > 7, even in presence of dissolved organic matter. Moreover, by use of ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, FT-ICR-MS, a broad and complex spectrum of organic by-products (some of which potentially toxic, as assessed by a quantitative structure-activity relationship approach) were identified. A detailed reaction mechanism was developed on the basis of the detected compounds. A possible sequence of steps leading to some of the detected product compounds in aqueous solution is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10069, China
| | - Majda Mekic
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10069, China
| | - Luca Carena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Vione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Sasho Gligorovski
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Biao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheng H, Song Y, Bian Y, Ji R, Wang F, Gu C, Yang X, Ye M, Ouyang G, Jiang X. Meso-/microporous carbon as an adsorbent for enhanced performance in solid-phase microextraction of chlorobenzenes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 681:392-399. [PMID: 31108359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is urgent demand for the design of advanced coating materials for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for water quality monitoring and assessment because of the global occurrence of chlorobenzenes (CBs). In this study, we proposed a dual-order activation method in which potassium hydroxide is used to modify pre-activated calcium citrate to synthesize a highly developed meso-/microporous carbon (MMC). The as-obtained MMC presented well-developed porosity with a super-high specific surface area (2638.09 m2 g-1), abundant meso-/micropores (0.5-10 nm), high hydrophobicity, excellent thermal stability (>720 °C), and a partly graphitized structure. As a coating material for headspace-SPME, the MMC-coated fiber exhibited outstanding extraction capability for CBs (up to 48.5 times higher than that of commercial fibers), which may be attributed to multiple interactions between the MMC and the pollutants, including size selectivity, micropore filling, π-π stacking and hydrophobicity. Finally, a satisfactory method using an MMC-coated fiber coupled with gas chromatography and electron capture detection was developed with good linearity (1-1000 ng L-1, R2 > 0.9982), high enrichment efficiencies (enrichment factors, 861-7819), low limits of detection (0.003-0.072 ng L-1), excellent repeatability (0.7-5.3%) and reproducibility (1.7-5.1%), and outstanding recoveries (90.18-103.02%) when applied to determine trace CBs in real water samples. These results suggest that MMC is a promising coating material for the SPME of CBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongrong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Rongting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chenggang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinglun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Mao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Golan R, Gelman F, Kuder T, Taylor AA, Ronen Z, Bernstein A. Degradation of 4-bromophenol by Ochrobactrum sp. HI1 isolated from desert soil: pathway and isotope effects. Biodegradation 2018; 30:37-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|