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Poursat BAJ, Rempe F, Pereira J, Sutton NB, Ter Heijne A. Unravelling the mechanisms of organic micropollutant removal in bio-electrochemical systems: Insights into sorption, electrochemical degradation, and biodegradation processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173932. [PMID: 38880133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) have recently been proposed as an efficient treatment technology to remove organic micropollutants from water treatment plants. In this study, we aimed to differentiate between sorption, electrochemical transport/degradation, and biodegradation. Using electro-active microorganisms and electrodes, we investigated organic micropollutant removal at environmentally relevant concentrations, clarifying the roles of sorption and electrochemical and biological degradation. The role of anodic biofilms on the removal of 10 relevant organic micropollutants was studied by performing separate sorption experiments on carbon-based electrodes (graphite felt, graphite rod, graphite granules, and granular activated carbon) and electrochemical degradation experiments at two different electrode potentials (-0.3 and 0 V). Granular activated carbon showed the highest sorption of micropollutants; applying a potential to graphite felt electrodes increased organic micropollutant removal. Removal efficiencies >80 % were obtained for all micropollutants at high anode potentials (+0.955 V), indicating that the studied compounds were more susceptible to oxidation than to reduction. All organic micropollutants showed removal when under bio-electrochemical conditions, ranging from low (e.g. metformin, 9.3 %) to exceptionally high removal efficiencies (e.g. sulfamethoxazole, 99.5 %). The lower removal observed under bio-electrochemical conditions when compared to only electrochemical conditions indicated that sorption to the electrode is key to guarantee high electrochemical degradation. The detection of transformation products of chloridazon and metformin indicated that (bio)-electrochemical degradation occurred. This study confirms that BES can treat some organic micropollutants through several mechanisms, which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Fleur Rempe
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - João Pereira
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Takman M, Betsholtz A, Davidsson Å, Cimbritz M, Svahn O, Karlsson S, Karstenskov Østergaard S, Lund Nielsen J, Falås P. Biological degradation of organic micropollutants in GAC filters-temporal development and spatial variations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134449. [PMID: 38733780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The capacity for organic micropollutant removal in granular activated carbon (GAC) filters for wastewater treatment changes over time. These changes are in general attributed to changes in adsorption, but may in some cases also be affected by biological degradation. Knowledge on the degradation of organic micropollutants, however, is scarce. In this work, the degradation of micropollutants in several full-scale GAC and sand filters was investigated through incubation experiments over a period of three years, using 14C-labeled organic micropollutants with different susceptibilities to biological degradation (ibuprofen, diclofenac, and carbamazepine), with parallel 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the degradation of diclofenac and ibuprofen in GAC filters increased with increasing numbers of bed volumes when free oxygen was available in the filter, while variations over filter depth were limited. Despite relatively large differences in bacterial composition between filters, a degradation of diclofenac was consistently observed for the GAC filters that had been operated with high influent oxygen concentration (DO >8 mg/L). The results of this comprehensive experimental work provide an increased understanding of the interactions between microbial composition, filter material, and oxygen availability in the biological degradation of organic micropollutants in GAC filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Takman
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Alexander Betsholtz
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Åsa Davidsson
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Cimbritz
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Svahn
- Department of Environmental Science and Bioscience, Kristianstad University, SE-291 39 Kristianstad, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Per Falås
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Shahrokhi R, Rahman A, Hubbe MA, Park J. Aminated clay-polymer composite as soil amendment for stabilizing the short- and long-chain per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134470. [PMID: 38714051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Soils contaminated with per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) require immediate remediation to protect the surrounding environment and human health. A novel animated clay-polymer composite was developed by applying polyethyleneimine (PEI) solution onto a montmorillonite clay-chitosan polymer composite. The resulting product, PEI-modified montmorillonite chitosan beads (MMTCBs) were characterized as an adsorptive soil amendment for immobilizing PFAS contaminants. The MMTCBs exhibited good efficiency to adsorb the PFAS, showing adsorption capacities of 12.2, 16.7, 18.5, and 20.8 mg g-1 for PFBA, PFBS, PFOA, and PFOS, respectively, which were higher than those obtained by granular activated carbon (GAC) (i.e., an adsorbent used as a reference). Column leaching tests demonstrated that amending soil with 10% MMTCBs resulted in a substantial decrease in the leaching of PFOA, PFOS, PFBA, and PFBS by 90%, 100%, 64%, and 68%, respectively. These reductions were comparable to the values obtained for GAC-modified soil, particularly for long-chain PFAS. Incorporating MMTCBs into the soil not only preserved the structural integrity of the soil matrix but also enhanced its shear strength (kPa). Conversely, adding GAC to the soil resulted in a reduction of the soil's mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Shahrokhi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Aneesu Rahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Martin A Hubbe
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, NC, United States
| | - Junboum Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Guo H, Hu T, Yang X, Liu Z, Cui Q, Qu C, Guo F, Liu S, Sweetman AJ, Hou J, Tan W. Roles of varying carbon chains and functional groups of legacy and emerging per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances in adsorption on metal-organic framework: Insights into mechanism and adsorption prediction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118679. [PMID: 38518904 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising adsorbents for legacy per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), but they are being replaced by emerging PFASs. The effects of varying carbon chains and functional groups of emerging PFASs on their adsorption behavior on MOFs require attention. This study systematically revealed the structure-adsorption relationships and interaction mechanisms of legacy and emerging PFASs on a typical MOF MIL-101(Cr). It also presented an approach reflecting the average electronegativity of PFAS moieties for adsorption prediction. We demonstrated that short-chain or sulfonate PFASs showed higher adsorption capacities (μmol/g) on MIL-101(Cr) than their long-chain or carboxylate counterparts, respectively. Compared with linear PFASs, their branched isomers were found to exhibit a higher adsorption potential on MIL-101(Cr). In addition, the introduction of ether bond into PFAS molecule (e.g., hexafluoropropylene oxide dimeric acid, GenX) increased the adsorption capacity, while the replacement of CF2 moieties in PFAS molecule with CH2 moieties (e.g., 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate, 6:2 FTS) caused a decrease in adsorption. Divalent ions (such as Ca2+ and SO42-) and solution pH have a greater effect on the adsorption of PFASs containing ether bonds or more CF2 moieties. PFAS adsorption on MIL-101(Cr) was governed by electrostatic interaction, complexation, hydrogen bonding, π-CF interaction, and π-anion interaction as well as steric effects, which were associated with the molecular electronegativity and chain length of each PFAS. The average electronegativity of individual moieties (named Me) for each PFAS was estimated and found to show a significantly positive correlation with the corresponding adsorption capacity on MIL-101(Cr). The removal rates of major PFASs in contaminated groundwater by MIL-101(Cr) were also correlated with the corresponding Me values. These findings will assist with the adsorption prediction for a wide range of PFASs and contribute to tailoring efficient MOF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tongyu Hu
- Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | | | - Chenchen Qu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fayang Guo
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Shun Liu
- The Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443100, China
| | - Andrew J Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Jingtao Hou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Yang Y, Li J, Qu W, Wang W, Ma C, Xue H, Lv Y, He X. Sn/Sb-assisted alum sludge electrodes for eliminating hydrophilic organic pollutants in self-produced H 2O 2 electro-Fenton system: Insights into the co-oxidation mediated by 1O 2 and •OH(ads). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134457. [PMID: 38688224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Few reports have focused on using particle electrodes with polar adsorbent properties in heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) system to improve the degradation of hydrophilic organic pollutants (HLOPs). In this study, a hydrophilic electrode Sn-Sb/AS was prepared by supporting metals Sn and Sb on alum sludge (AS), which can effectively degrade 91.68%, 92.54%, 89.62%, and 96.24% of the four types of HLOPs, chlorpyrifos (CPF), atrazine (ATZ), diuron (DIU), and glyphosate (PMG), respectively, within 40 min. The mineralization rates were 82.37%, 78.93%, 73.98%, and 85.65% for CPF, ATZ, DIU, and PMG, respectively. Based on the analysis of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance test, quenching test, and identified anthracene endoperoxide, the degradation at the cathode was attributed to non-radical oxidation via interaction with 1O2. In contrast, the anodic oxidation occurred via direct electron transfer at the anode and/or oxidation via interaction with adsorbed •OH (•OHads) around the particle electrodes. Furthermore, the reaction sites were calculated by Density functional theory (DFT) and Fukui function, corresponding to the electrophilic attack (fA-) of 1O2 and anodic direct oxidation, besides, the radical attack (fA0) of •OH(ads). Herein, this study proposes a targeted elimination strategy for HLOPs in wastewater treatment using particle electrodes with polar adsorbent properties in EF system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Junfeng Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cold and Arid Regions Eco-Hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Wenying Qu
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cold and Arid Regions Eco-Hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wenhuai Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cold and Arid Regions Eco-Hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Chengxiao Ma
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Haibin Xue
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yang Lv
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xinlin He
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cold and Arid Regions Eco-Hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, PR China.
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6
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Fathi M, Mahmoudian M, Alorro RD, Chegini M. Crosslinked Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride Adsorbent for the Selective Separation of Rhenium Ions from Pregnant Leach Solutions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2737. [PMID: 38894001 PMCID: PMC11173758 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The depletion of valuable mineral reserves has rendered effluents generated from mining and industrial processing activities a promising resource for the production of precious elements. The synthesis and improvement of new adsorbents to extract valuable compounds from industrial wastes and pregnant leach solutions, besides increasing wealth, can play a significant role in reducing environmental concerns. In this work, a new and low-cost adsorbent for the selective extraction of rhenium (perrhenate ions, ReO4-) was synthesized by the free-radical polymerization (FRP) of a diallyl dimethylammonium chloride monomer (quaternary amine) in the presence of a crosslinker. Various methods were employed to characterize the polymeric adsorbent. The results revealed that the designed polymeric adsorbent had a high surface area and pores with nano-metric dimensions and a pore volume of 6.4 × 10-3 cm3/g. Four environments-single, binary, multicomponent, and real solutions-were applied to evaluate the adsorbent's performance in the selective separation of Re. Additionally, these environments were used to understand the behavior of molybdenum ions, the primary competitors of perrhenate ions in the ion exchange process. In competitive conditions, using variations in qe,mix/qe, an antagonism phenomenon (qe,mix/qe < 1) occurred due to the inhibitory effect of surface-adsorbed molybdenum ions on the binding of the perrhenate ions. However, across all conditions, the separation values for Re were higher than those for the other studied elements (Mo, Cu, Fe).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadbagher Fathi
- Centre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES), University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
- Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia 57561-51818, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmoudian
- Department of Nanotechnology, College of Science, Urmia University, Urmia 57561-51818, Iran;
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia 57561-51818, Iran
| | - Richard Diaz Alorro
- Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, WA 6430, Australia;
| | - Mostafa Chegini
- Mineral Processing Laboratory Expert, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15825-4413, Iran;
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Wang X, Xu Y, Ou Q, Chen W, van der Meer W, Liu G. Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of water-soluble polymers (PVP and PEG) on kaolin and montmorillonite minerals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133592. [PMID: 38290331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The excessive use and accumulation of water-soluble polymers (WSPs, known as "liquid plastics") in the environment can pose potential risks to both ecosystems and human health, but the environmental fate of WSPs remains unclear. Here, the adsorption behavior of WSPs with different molecular weight on kaolinite (Kaol) and montmorillonite (Mt) were examined. The results showed that the adsorption of PEG and PVP on minerals were controlled by hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analysis revealed that there were interactions between the Al-O and Si-O groups of the minerals and the polar O- or N-containing functional groups as well as the alkyl groups of PEG and PVP. The adsorption characteristics of WSPs were closely related to their molecular weight and the pore size of minerals. Due to the relatively large mesopore size of Kaol, both PEG and PVP were absorbed into inner spaces, for which the adsorption capacity increased with molecular weight of the polymers. For Mt, all types of PEG could enter its micropores, while PVP with larger molecular weights appeared to be confined externally, leading to a decrease in the adsorption capacity of PVP with increasing molecular weight. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for scientific evaluation of environmental processes of WSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintu Wang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yanghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Qin Ou
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Wenwen Chen
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Walter van der Meer
- Science and Technology Faculty, Twente University, Enschede 7500AE, the Netherlands; Oasen Drinkwater, Gouda 2800 AC, the Netherlands
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Francisco Fukumoto AA, Alves Pimenta JA, Hirooka EY, Kuroda EK. Pesticides removal from water using activated carbons and carbon nanotubes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:431-453. [PMID: 35959785 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2112979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The conventional water treatment technique (CT) widely applied cannot alone remove pesticides efficiently from water. Therefore, this work aimed to provide technical and scientific support for the association of pulverized activated carbon (PACs), granular activated carbon (GACs), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) with CT concerning atrazine (ATZ), simazine (SMZ), and diuron (DIU) removal. Actual conditions of pre/during, and post-treatment points of application, within water production process line, in water treatment plants (WTPs), using the pesticides in two forms, commercial product (CP) and analytical standard (SD). It was possible to demonstrate significant differences regarding the removal of ATZ, SMZ, and DIU in their SD and CP forms for the PACs, GACs, and CNTs. The minimum dosage of CNT required for adequate adsorption of all pesticides was superior to 160 mg. L-1; is 400% higher than the minimum dosage of 40 mg. L-1 is required for PAC application. ATZ, SMZ, and DIU in the SD form were more efficiently removed with percentages superior to 96.4% for ATZ, 98.2% for SMZ, and 99.1% for DIU. The characteristics of the adsorptive materials did not guide the adsorption efficacy. Instead, chemical interaction, contact time, and point application were critical factors. The pre-treatment and post-treatment applications were the most efficient, with removals oscillating from 97.7% to 100% for ATZ, 97.7% to 100% for SMZ, and 99.1 to 100% for DIU PAC and GAC, respectively.Highlights The pesticides forms of application, SD and CP, affect adsorption efficiency.Adsorbent point of application, in WTPLS, and contact time are key factors for pesticide removal.The primary adsorption mechanism in all the materials tested was chemical.The pre-treatment and post-treatment were the most efficient PACs and GACs application forms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Augusto Alves Pimenta
- Technology and Urbanism Center, Civil Construction Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Elisa Yoko Hirooka
- Food and Drug Technology Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Emília Kiyomi Kuroda
- Technology and Urbanism Center, Civil Construction Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Wagner TV, Rempe F, Hoek M, Schuman E, Langenhoff A. Key constructed wetland design features for maximized micropollutant removal from treated municipal wastewater: A literature study based on 16 indicator micropollutants. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120534. [PMID: 37659177 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The removal of micropollutants from wastewater by constructed wetlands (CWs) has been extensively studied and reviewed over the past years. However, most studies do not specifically focus on the removal of micropollutants from the effluent of conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) that still contains micropollutants, but on the removal of micropollutants from raw wastewater. Raw wastewater has a significantly different composition compared to WWTP effluent, which positively or negatively affects micropollutant removal mechanisms. To determine the optimal CW design for post-treatment of WWTP effluent to achieve additional micropollutant removal, this review analyzes the removal of 16 Dutch indicator micropollutants for post-treatment technology evaluation from WWTP effluent by different types of CWs. It was concluded that CW systems with organic enhanced adsorption substrates reach the highest micropollutant removal efficiency as a result of adsorption, but that the longevity of the enhanced adsorption effect is not known in the systems studied until now. Aerobic biodegradation and photodegradation are other relevant removal mechanisms for the studied micropollutants. However, a current knowledge gap is whether active aeration to stimulate the aerobic micropollutant biodegradation results in an increased micropollutant removal from WWTP effluent. Further knowledge gaps that impede the wider application of CW systems for micropollutant removal from WWTP effluent and allow a fair comparison with other post-treatment technologies for enhanced micropollutant removal, such as ozonation and activated carbon adsorption, relate to i) saturation of enhanced adsorption substrate; ii) the analysis of transformation products and biological effects; iii) insights in the relationship between microbial community composition and micropollutant biodegradation; iv) plant uptake and in-plant degradation of micropollutants; v) establishing design rules for appropriate hydraulic loading rates and/or hydraulic retention times for CWs dedicated to micropollutant removal from WWTP effluent; and vi) the energy- and carbon footprint of different CW systems. This review finishes with detailed suggestions for future research directions that provide answers to these knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V Wagner
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Fleur Rempe
- TAUW B.V., Handelskade 37, 7400 AC Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Mirit Hoek
- TAUW B.V., Handelskade 37, 7400 AC Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Els Schuman
- LeAF B.V., Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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10
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Shi Y, Mu H, You J, Han C, Cheng H, Wang J, Hu H, Ren H. Confined water-encapsulated activated carbon for capturing short-chain perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from drinking water. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219179120. [PMID: 37364117 PMCID: PMC10318985 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219179120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The global ecological crisis of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in drinking water has gradually shifted from long-chain to short-chain PFASs; however, the widespread established PFAS adsorption technology cannot cope with the impact of such hydrophilic pollutants given the inherent defects of solid-liquid mass transfer. Herein, we describe a reagent-free and low-cost strategy to reduce the energy state of short-chain PFASs in hydrophobic nanopores by employing an in situ constructed confined water structure in activated carbon (AC). Through direct (driving force) and indirect (assisted slip) effects, the confined water introduced a dual-drive mode in the confined water-encapsulated activated carbon (CW-AC) and completely eliminated the mass transfer barrier (3.27 to 5.66 kcal/mol), which caused the CW-AC to exhibit the highest adsorption capacity for various short-chain PFASs (C-F number: 3-6) among parent AC and other adsorbents reported. Meanwhile, benefiting from the chain length- and functional group-dependent confined water-binding pattern, the affinity of the CW-AC surpassed the traditional hydrophobicity dominance and shifted toward hydrophilic short-chain PFASs that easily escaped treatment. Importantly, the ability of CW-AC functionality to directly transfer to existing adsorption devices was verified, which could treat 21,000 bed volumes of environment-related high-load (~350 ng/L short-chain PFAS each) real drinking water to below the World Health Organization's standard. Overall, our results provide a green and cost-effective in situ upgrade scheme for existing adsorption devices to address the short-chain PFAS crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongxin Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jiaqian You
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chenglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Huazai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, Jiangsu, PR China
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11
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Kang Y, Lian J, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Li W, Dong H, Wang Y, Zeng J, Qiang Z. Interactions between H 2O 2 and dissolved organic matter during granular activated carbon-based residual H 2O 2 quenching from the upstream UV/H 2O 2 process. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 128:139-149. [PMID: 36801030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration can be employed to synchronously quench residual H2O2 from the upstream UV/H2O2 process and further degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM). In this study, rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) were performed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the interactions between H2O2 and DOM during the GAC-based H2O2 quenching process. It was observed that GAC can catalytically decompose H2O2, with a long-lasting high efficiency (>80% for approximately 50,000 empty-bed volumes). DOM inhibited GAC-based H2O2 quenching via a pore-blocking effect, especially at high concentrations (10 mg/L), with the adsorbed DOM molecules being oxidized by the continuously generated ·OH; this further deteriorated the H2O2 quenching efficiency. In batch experiments, H2O2 could enhance DOM adsorption by GAC; however, in RSSCTs, it deteriorated DOM removal. This observation could be attributed to the different ·OH exposure in these two systems. It was also observed that aging with H2O2 and DOM altered the morphology, specific surface area, pore volume, and the surface functional groups of GAC, owing to the oxidation effect of H2O2 and ·OH on the GAC surface as well as the effect of DOM. Additionally, the changes in the content of persistent free radicals in the GAC samples were insignificant following different aging processes. This work contributes to enhancing understanding regarding the UV/H2O2-GAC filtration scheme, and promoting the application in drinking water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Kang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnology and Engineering Disaster Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Junfeng Lian
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnology and Engineering Disaster Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Basin Pollution Simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Yichun Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnology and Engineering Disaster Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Basin Pollution Simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnology and Engineering Disaster Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Basin Pollution Simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuanyue Wang
- CECEP Environmental Protection Investment Development (Jiangxi) Co. Ltd., Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jinfeng Zeng
- Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring Center for Ganjiang Upstream Watershed, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhimin Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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12
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Wang J, de Ridder D, Sutton NB, Poursat BAJ, Saha P, van der Wal A. The abiotic removal of organic micropollutants with iron and manganese oxides in rapid sand filters for groundwater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120146. [PMID: 37270951 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid sand filters (RSFs) have shown potential for removing organic micropollutants (OMPs) from groundwater. However, the abiotic removal mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we collect sand from two field RSFs that are operated in series. The sand from the primary filter abiotically removes 87.5% of salicylic acid, 81.4% of paracetamol, and 80.2% of benzotriazole, while the sand from the secondary filter only removes paracetamol (84.6%). The field collected sand is coated by a blend of iron oxides (FeOx) and manganese oxides (MnOx) combined with organic matter, phosphate, and calcium. FeOx adsorbs salicylic acid via bonding of carboxyl group with FeOx. The desorption of salicylic acid from field sand indicates that salicylic acid is not oxidized by FeOx. MnOx adsorbs paracetamol through electrostatic interactions, and further transforms it into p-benzoquinone imine through hydrolysis-oxidation. FeOx significantly adsorbs organic matter, calcium, and phosphate, which in turn influences OMP removal. Organic matter on field sand surfaces limits OMP removal by blocking sorption sites on the oxides. However, calcium and phosphate on field sand support benzotriazole removal via surface complexation and hydrogen bonding. This paper provides further insight into the abiotic removal mechanisms of OMPs in field RSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - David de Ridder
- Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, Rotterdam 3063 NH, the Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands.
| | - Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Pradip Saha
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands; Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, Rotterdam 3063 NH, the Netherlands
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13
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Song J, Shi M, Xia L, Dai J, Luo L, Wang H, Shu L. The comparative study on inhibitory effect of natural organic matters on the TiO 2 and activated carbon/TiO 2 composites for the removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138930. [PMID: 37201599 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To reduce or eliminate the inhibition effect of natural organic matters (NOMs) in water on TiO2 photocatalysis for removal of emerging contaminants, four activated carbon/titanium dioxide (AC/TiO2) composites with different pore structure were prepared by hydrothermal method. The results showed that anatase TiO2 particles were uniformly distributed in the pores or onto the surface of activated carbons. The total removal rate of 6 mg L-1 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on the four AC/TiO2 composites reached above 90%, 30% higher than that of EE2 on TiO2. The degradation rate constants of EE2 on four kinds of AC/TiO2 were much higher than that on TiO2. Further study indicated that the adsorption removal ratio of EE2 on the composites was slightly reduced mainly because competitive adsorption between hydrophilic NOMs (HA and FA) and EE2 molecules when HA and FA coexisted with EE2 in water. But importantly, the obvious inhibitory effect of FA for TiO2 photocatalysis was eliminated on four composites because the introduction of AC with excellent adsorption capacity can preferentially transfer hydrophobic EE2 molecules onto adsorption sites of TiO2/AC composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Miao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lihong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianhui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education Department, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Li Shu
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 70 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.
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14
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Schumann P, Muschket M, Dittmann D, Rabe L, Reemtsma T, Jekel M, Ruhl AS. Is adsorption onto activated carbon a feasible drinking water treatment option for persistent and mobile substances? WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119861. [PMID: 36958222 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Persistent and mobile (PM) substances among the organic micropollutants have gained increasing interest since their inherent properties enable them to enrich in water cycles. This study set out to investigate the potential of adsorption onto activated carbon as a drinking water treatment option for 19 PM candidates in batch experiments in a drinking water matrix using a microporous and a mesoporous activated carbon. Overall, adsorption of PM candidates proved to be very variable and the extent of removal could not be directly related to molecular properties. At an activated carbon dose of 10 mg/L and 48 h contact time, five (out of 19) substances were readily removed (≥ 80%), among them N-(3-(dimethylamino)-propyl)methacrylamide, which was investigated for the first time. For five other substances, no or negligible removal (< 20%) was observed, including 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid and 4‑hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine. For the former, current state of the art adsorption processes may pose a sufficient barrier. Additionally, substance specific surrogate correlations between removals and UVA254 abatements were established to provide a cheap and fast estimate for PM candidate elimination. Adsorption onto activated carbon could contribute significantly to PM substance elimination as part of multi barrier approaches, but assessments for individual substances still require clarification, as demonstrated for the investigated PM candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Schumann
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Water Quality Control, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Muschket
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Dittmann
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Rabe
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Water Quality Control, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Jekel
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Water Quality Control, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aki Sebastian Ruhl
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Water Quality Control, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Schumann P, Müller D, Eckardt P, Muschket M, Dittmann D, Rabe L, Kerst K, Lerch A, Reemtsma T, Jekel M, Ruhl AS. Pilot-scale removal of persistent and mobile organic substances in granular activated carbon filters and experimental predictability at lab-scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163738. [PMID: 37116805 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Present knowledge about the fate of persistent and mobile (PM) substances in drinking water treatment is limited. Hence, this study assesses the potential of fixed-bed granular activated carbon (GAC) filters to fill the treatment gap for PM substances and the elimination predictability from lab-scale experiments. Two parallel pilot filters (GAC bed height 2 m, diameter 15 cm) with different GAC were operated for 1.5 years (ca. 47,000 BV throughput) alongside rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCT) designed based on the proportional diffusivity (PD) and the constant diffusivity (CD) approaches. Background dissolved organic matter (DOM) and a set of 17 target substances were investigated, among them 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate (AAMPS), adamantan-1-amine (ATA), melamine (MEL) and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMSA). Nine substances were predominantly present in the drinking water used as pilot filter influent (frequencies of detection above 80 %, median concentrations 0.003-1.868 μg/L) and their breakthrough behaviors could be observed: TFMSA was not retained at all, four substances including AAMPS and ATA reached complete breakthrough below 20,000 BV, three compounds were partially retained until the end of operation and oxypurinol was retained completely. The comparable PM candidate and DOM removal performances of both GAC aligns with their very similar surface characteristics and elemental compositions. The agreement of results between RSSCT with the pilot-scale filters were substance specific and no superior RSSCT design could be identified. However, CD-RSSCT provide a conservative removal prediction for most studied compounds. MEL adsorption was significantly underestimated by both RSSCT designs. Using the criterion of a carbon usage rate (with respect to 50 % breakthrough) below 25 mgGAC/Lwater for an economic retention by fixed-bed GAC filters, five (out of nine) substances met the requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Schumann
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dario Müller
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Kommunale Wasserwerke Leipzig, Johannisgasse 7/9, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paulina Eckardt
- Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Muschket
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Dittmann
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Rabe
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Kerst
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - André Lerch
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Jekel
- Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aki Sebastian Ruhl
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Section II 3.3, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. KF 4, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Hou Z, An X, Zhu K, Tang Q, Lan H, Liu H, Qu J. Revealing the Pore Size-Dependent Sorption Mechanism of Toluene and Cetane in Porous Carbon by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5003-5012. [PMID: 36931868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of contaminants by porous carbon has been extensively studied by conventional isotherm and kinetic methods. However, the co-adsorption behavior and sorption sites of multiple contaminants in different-sized pores remain unclear. Herein, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) approach is performed to investigate the adsorption mechanism of toluene and cetane in the confined space of carbon at the molecular level. The ring current effect induces the variation in the NMR chemical shifts of in-pore adsorbed toluene and cetane, realizing the identification of pore-dependent adsorption sites for contaminant removal. Cetane has a slower adsorption kinetic but a higher binding energy than toluene, which could squeeze toluene from micropores to larger pores with increasing adsorption quantity. This leads to a stronger competitive adsorption effect in small micropores than in mesopores. Accordingly, hierarchical porous carbons are determined to be the most effective adsorbents for the adsorption of coexisting contaminants. This study not only provides an effective NMR method to reveal the adsorption mechanism in the confined space of porous carbon at the molecular level but also offers new insights into the pore size-dependent adsorption of activated carbon for petroleum contaminant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiang Hou
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqiang An
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qingwen Tang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huachun Lan
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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17
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Krahn KM, Cornelissen G, Castro G, Arp HPH, Asimakopoulos AG, Wolf R, Holmstad R, Zimmerman AR, Sørmo E. Sewage sludge biochars as effective PFAS-sorbents. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130449. [PMID: 36459882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of sewage sludge to produce biochar-based sorbents for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) removal from water and soil may be an economically and environmentally sustainable waste management option. This study compared the sorption of six perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) by two sewage sludge biochars (SSBCs) and one wood chip biochar (WCBC), dry pyrolyzed at 700 °C. Batch sorption tests were conducted by adding individual PFCAs and a PFCA-mixture to pure biochars and mixtures of biochar and a sandy soil (1.3% TOC). PFAS-sorption to the SSBCs exhibited log-linear biochar-water distribution coefficients (log Kd), comparable to those previously reported for commercial activated carbons (e.g., 5.73 ± 0.02 for perfluorooctanoic acid at 1 µg/L). The strong sorption of PFCAs was attributed to the SSBCs relatively high pore volumes in the pore size range that can accommodate these compounds. Sorption was attenuated by the presence of soil (by factors 3-10), by the presence of a mixture of PFCAs (by factors of 6-532) and by both together (by factors of 8-6581), indicating strongly competitive sorption between PFCA-congeners, and less severe sorption attenuation by soil organic matter. These findings could enable sustainable value chains for SSBs in soil remediation and water filtration solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka M Krahn
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway; Lindum AS, 3036 Drammen, Norway
| | - Gerard Cornelissen
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway
| | - Gabriela Castro
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hans Peter H Arp
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Raoul Wolf
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Erlend Sørmo
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway
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18
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Li J, Cheng T, Ma X, Wu H, Yang L. A hydrophobic and hierarchical porous resin-based activated carbon modified by g-C3N4 for toluene capture from humid conditions. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Chen R, Huang X, Li G, Yu Y, Shi B. Performance of in-service granular activated carbon for perfluoroalkyl substances removal under changing water quality conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157723. [PMID: 35914596 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption is one of the best available technologies for removing perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from drinking water. However, GAC processes in full-scale drinking water treatment plants frequently encounter unstable, even negative removal efficiency on PFASs due to the lack of understanding between the GAC characteristics and the PFASs polluted water quality conditions. In this study, the scenarios of raw water pre-chlorination and emergency contamination by multiple PFASs were simulated to evaluate the PFASs control performance by in-service GAC with different properties and ages. The results showed that the adsorption of a relatively longer-chain PFAS by the in-service GAC can be achieved by replacing the pre-adsorbed natural organic matter (NOM). The increased lower molecular weight NOM after pre-chlorination could compete with PFASs for adsorption sites and exacerbate the pore blockage, thus significantly weakening the PFASs removal ability of in-service GAC. When multiple PFASs entered the water by emergency contamination, the PFASs with stronger hydrophobicity could replace the PFASs with less hydrophobicity that had previously been adsorbed on GAC. GAC with a higher proportion of micropores had a lower risk of PFASs leakage facing the water quality changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Guiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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20
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Castaño Osorio S, Biesheuvel PM, Spruijt E, Dykstra JE, van der Wal A. Modeling micropollutant removal by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes: considerations and challenges. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119130. [PMID: 36240724 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (OMPs) in drinking water constitute a potential risk to human health; therefore, effective removal of these pollutants is required. Nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are promising membrane-based technologies to remove OMPs. In NF and RO, the rejection of OMPs depends on the properties and characteristics of the membrane, the solute, and the solution. In this review, we discuss how these properties can be included in models to study and predict the rejection of OMPs. Initially, an OMP classification is proposed to capture the relevant properties of 58 OMPs. Following the methodology described in this study, more and new OMPs can be easily included in this classification. The classification aims to increase the comprehension and mechanistic understanding of OMP removal. Based on the physicochemical principles used to classify the 58 OMPs, it is expected that other OMPs in the same groups will be similarly rejected. From this classification, we present an overview of the rejection mechanisms involved in the removal of specific OMP groups. For instance, we discuss the removal of OMPs classified as perfluoroalkyl substances (e.g., perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA). These substances are highly relevant due to their human toxicity at extremely low concentration as well as their persistence and omnipresence in the environment. Finally, we discuss how the rejection of OMPs can be predicted by describing both the membrane-solution interface and calculating the transport of solutes inside the membrane. We illustrate the importance and impact of different rejection mechanisms and interfacial phenomena on OMP removal and propose an extended Nernst-Plank equation to calculate the transport of solutes across the membrane due to convection, diffusion, and electromigration. Finally, we show how the theory discussed in this review leads to improved predictions of OMP rejection by the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Castaño Osorio
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden 8911 MA, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - P M Biesheuvel
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden 8911 MA, the Netherlands
| | - E Spruijt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, the Netherlands
| | - J E Dykstra
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands.
| | - A van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands; Evides Water Company, P.O. Box 4472, Rotterdam 3006 AL, the Netherlands.
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21
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Zahmatkesh S, Bokhari A, Karimian M, Zahra MMA, Sillanpää M, Panchal H, Alrubaie AJ, Rezakhani Y. A comprehensive review of various approaches for treatment of tertiary wastewater with emerging contaminants: what do we know? ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:884. [PMID: 36239735 PMCID: PMC9561337 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, environmental contaminants (ECs) have been introduced into the environment at an alarming rate. There is a risk to human health and aquatic ecosystems from trace levels of emerging contaminants, including hospital wastewater (HPWW), cosmetics, personal care products, endocrine system disruptors, and their transformation products. Despite the fact that these pollutants have been introduced or detected relatively recently, information about their characteristics, actions, and impacts is limited, as are the technologies to eliminate them efficiently. A wastewater recycling system is capable of providing irrigation water for crops and municipal sewage treatment, so removing ECs before wastewater reuse is essential. Water treatment processes containing advanced ions of biotic origin and ECs of biotic origin are highly recommended for contaminants. This study introduces the fundamentals of the treatment of tertiary wastewater, including membranes, filtration, UV (ultraviolet) irradiation, ozonation, chlorination, advanced oxidation processes, activated carbon (AC), and algae. Next, a detailed description of recent developments and innovations in each component of the emerging contaminant removal process is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Zahmatkesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, P.O. Box, Behshahr, 48518-78195 Iran
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieríay Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Awais Bokhari
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SPIL, NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Melika Karimian
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanki, Iran
| | | | - Mika Sillanpää
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212 Himachal Pradesh India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
| | - Hitesh Panchal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Government Engineering College Patan, Patan, Gujarat India
| | - Ali Jawad Alrubaie
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Iraq
| | - Yousof Rezakhani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran
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22
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Oberoi AS, Surendra KC, Wu D, Lu H, Wong JWC, Kumar Khanal S. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for pharmaceutical-laden wastewater treatment: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127667. [PMID: 35878778 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticalsare a diverse group of chemical compounds widely used for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in both humans and animals. Pharmaceuticals, either in their original or metabolite form, find way into the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from different sources. Recently, anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) has received significant research attention for the treatment of pharmaceuticals in various wastewater streams. This review critically examines the behaviour and removal of a wide array of pharmaceuticals in AnMBR with primary focus on their removal efficiencies and mechanisms, critical influencing factors, and the microbial community structures. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of pharmaceuticals on the performance of AnMBR and membrane fouling are critically discussed. Furthermore, the imperative role of membrane biofouling layer and its components in pharmaceuticals removal is highlighted. Finally, recent advancements in AnMBR configurations for membrane fouling control and enhanced pharmaceuticals removal are systemically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Singh Oberoi
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Di Wu
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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23
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Li CY, Lv SW, Yang L, Wang J, Liu JM, Wang S. Facile preparation of uniform-sized covalent organic framework nanoflowers as versatile sample-pretreatment platforms for sensitive and specific determination of hazardous substances. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129566. [PMID: 35999751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) have lately received extensive interest for their outstanding performance, especially to adsorption of hazards, while easy-preparation of uniform-sized COFs hold a great challenge. This research presented a simple synthesis method of flower-shaped COF (nanoflower) with strong hydrophobic surface at room temperature. Taking advantage of its easy-prepared and uniform-sized features, we proposed a versatile and efficient sample-pretreatment platform by employing the nanoflower COF for affinity adsorption of various hydrophobic biotoxins and further surface imprinting for selective enrichment of specific biotoxin (COF@MIP), respectively. The COF@MIP was integrating COF with molecular imprinting technique to achieve selective identification of sterigmatocystin (ST) with high specificity and sensitivity. They both exhibited well reusability, preserving 81% of initial activity after being used for six cycles. The as-prepared materials coupled with offline solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were successfully applied to five common cereals with good recoveries in the range of 70.3-100.7%. Moreover, the principle of versatile sample pretreatment and detection platform based on the facile-prepared and uniform-sized COF nanoflower would be easily extended to other hazards. It provided a prospective approach for the pretreatment and determination of hazardous substances with low level in complex sample matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shi-Wen Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing-Min Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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24
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Sun L, Xu G, Tu Y, Zhang W, Hu X, Yang P, Wu D, Liang Y, Wei D, Li A, Xie X. Multifunctional porous β-cyclodextrin polymer for water purification. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118917. [PMID: 35961197 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Keeping water clean is of vital significance for human health and environmental protection. In order to remove organic micro-pollutants and natural organic substances in water bodies and kill pathogenic microorganisms simultaneously, this study synthesized a multifunctional porous β-cyclodextrin polymer with a high specific surface area by introducing quaternary ammonium groups and rigid benzene rings, respectively, which was then polymerized with crosslinking agent-4,4'-bis (chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (BCMBP) in an ionic liquid system. The grafting of quaternary ammonium groups was beneficial for the removal of negative-charged humic acid (HA) and sterilization. The introduction of numerous rigid structures during benzylation and Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction could significantly improve the porosity and specific surface area of the polymer, conducive to the exposure of cyclodextrin binding sites and contaminant adsorption. By changing the proportions of quaternization and benzylation, the structure and surface properties of the polymer could be adjusted, thus further regulating the adsorption performance. Compared with activated carbon, the polymer named BQCD-BP with a huge surface area of 1133 m2 g-1 prepared under optimized conditions showed outstanding adsorption performance and sterilization ability. The pseudo-second-order kinetic constant of BQCD-BP reached 1.2058 g·mg-1·min-1, which was approximately 50 times greater than that of activated carbon (0.0256 g·mg-1·min-1) under the same experimental condition. The adsorption capacity of BQCD-BP to HA was twice as high as that to AC, and the antibacterial ability of BQCD-BP was significant, achieving 90% at the dosage of 1g L-1. Moreover, the adsorption process was hardly affected by the hydrochemical conditions, and the polymer was easy to regenerate. In addition, the excellent adsorption and antibacterial performance of the polymer were also identified by natural water treatment. COD was almost completely removed, and the removal efficiency of TP reached 92% after contact with BQCD-BP. The sterilization rate of BQCD-BP to viable bacteria in complex water bodies reached 82%. Undoubtedly, BQCD-BP is a potential multifunctional water treatment material with reasonable design in the actual water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yizhou Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Daishe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Nanjing Huachuang Institute of Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Dongyang Wei
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing Huachuang Institute of Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 330300, China; Nanjing University and Yancheng Academy of Environment Protection Technology and Engineering, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 330300, China; Nanjing University and Yancheng Academy of Environment Protection Technology and Engineering, Nanjing 210023, China.
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25
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Wang J, Poursat BAJ, Feng J, de Ridder D, Zhang C, van der Wal A, Sutton NB. Exploring organic micropollutant biodegradation under dynamic substrate loading in rapid sand filters. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118832. [PMID: 35949068 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial removal of trace organic micropollutants (OMPs) from drinking water sources remains challenging. Nitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria in rapid sand filters (RSFs) are capable of biodegrading OMPs while growing on ammonia and dissolved organic matter (DOM). The loading patterns of ammonia and DOM may therefore affect microbial activities as well as OMP biodegradation. So far, there is very limited information on the effect of substrate loading on OMP biodegradation at environmentally relevant concentrations (∼ 1 µg/L) in RSFs. We investigated the biodegradation rates of 16 OMPs at various substrate loading rates and/or empty bed contact times (EBCT). The presence of DOM improved the biodegradation of paracetamol (41.8%) by functioning as supplementary carbon source for the heterotrophic degrader, while hindering the biodegradation of 2,4-D, mecoprop and benzotriazole due to substrate competition. Lower loading ratios of DOM/benzotriazole benefited benzotriazole biodegradation by reducing substrate competition. Higher ammonia loading rates enhanced benzotriazole removal by stimulating nitrification-based co-metabolism. However, stimulating nitrification inhibited heterotrophic activity, which in turn inhibited the biodegradation of paracetamol, 2,4-D and mecoprop. A longer EBCT promoted metformin biodegradation as it is a slowly biodegradable compound, but suppressed the biodegradation of paracetamol and benzotriazole due to limited substrate supply. Therefore, the optimal substrate loading pattern is contingent on the type of OMP, which can be chosen based on the priority compounds in practice. The overall results contribute to understanding OMP biodegradation mechanisms at trace concentrations and offer a step towards enhancing microbial removal of OMPs from drinking water by optimally using RSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - David de Ridder
- Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Zhang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 8033, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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26
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Saha P, Wang J, Zhou Y, Carlucci L, Jeremiasse AW, Rijnaarts HHM, Bruning H. Effect of electrolyte composition on electrochemical oxidation: Active sulfate formation, benzotriazole degradation, and chlorinated by-products distribution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113057. [PMID: 35271837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation is an effective technique for treating persistent organic pollutants, which are hardly removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants. Sulfate and chloride salts commonly used and present in natural wastewater influence the electrochemical degradation process. In this study, the effect of electrolyte composition on the active sulfate species (SO4●⁻ and S2O82⁻) formation, benzotriazole degradation-a model organic compound, and chlorinated by-products distribution have been investigated while using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. Different Na2SO4:NaNO3 and Na2SO4:NaCl ratios with constant conductivity of 10 mS/cm were used in the experiments and applied anode potential was kept constant at 4.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The electrogenerated SO4●⁻ and S2O82⁻ formation were faster in 10:1 and 2:1 Na2SO4:NaNO3 ratios than in the 1:0 ratio. The ●OH-mediated SO4●⁻ production has prevailed in 10:1 and 2:1 ratios. However, ●OH-mediated SO4●⁻ production has hindered the 1:0 ratio due to excess chemisorption of SO42⁻ on the BDD anode. Similarly, the faster benzotriazole degradation, mineralization, and lowest energy consumption were achieved in the 10:1 Na2SO4:NaNO3 and Na2SO4:NaCl ratio. Besides, chlorinated organic by-product concentration (AOX) was lower in the 10:1 Na2SO4:NaCl ratio but increased with the increasing chloride ratio in the electrolyte. LC-MS analysis shows that several chlorinated organic transformation products were produced in 0:1 to 2:1 ratio, which was not found in the 10:1 Na2SO4:NaCl ratio. A comparatively higher amount of ClO4⁻ was formed in the 10:1 ratio than in 2:1 to 0:1 ratio. This ClO4⁻ formation train evidence the effective ●OH generation in a sulfate-enriched condition because the ClO4⁻ formation is positively correlated to ●OH concentration. Overall results show that sulfate-enriched electrolyte compositions are beneficial for electrochemical oxidation of biorecalcitrant organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Saha
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yinong Zhou
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Livio Carlucci
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan W Jeremiasse
- MAGNETO Special Anodes B.V. (an Evoqua Brand), Calandstraat 109, 3125, BA Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | - Huub H M Rijnaarts
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry Bruning
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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27
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Zhang C, Dionysiou DD, Li F, Zhang H, Fang X, Fu H, He J, Chen L, Ying GG, Huang M. Designing NAZO@BC electrodes for enhanced elimination of hydrophilic organic pollutants in heterogeneous electro-Fenton system: Insights into the detoxification mediated by 1O 2 and •OH. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128598. [PMID: 35278962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic organic pollutants (HLOPs) in effluents of wastewater treatment plants are more prevalent than hydrophobic counterparts, therefore development of upstream processes that can effectively enhance the removal of HLOPs can substantially enhance overall treatment performance. To bridge this gap, 3D electrodes made of biochar-supported Al-ZnO nanoparticles (NAZO@BC) applied in heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) system, abbreviated as NBE-EF system, is rationally designed for enhanced elimination of HLOPs in wastewater. Our analysis indicates the NBE-EF system results in an efficient THM elimination, 42.4 times greater than that of conventional EF system. MoS2 as an efficient cocatalyst plays an important role in the conversion from Fe(III) to Fe(II). Singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) are identified as the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the NBE-EF system. NAZO@BC electrodes could concentrate HLOPs on their surface and degrade it effectively, achieving also a self-cleaning effect. Effective elimination of four HLOPs, i.e., thiamethoxam (THM), dinotefuran (DIN), nitenpyram (NIT), and acetamiprid (ACE), demonstrated the high degradation performance of the NBE-EF system, even at neutral and alkaline conditions. This study provides a new approach for enhanced elimination of HLOPs in wastewater treatment and mechanical insights into degradation pathways and toxicity attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Feng Li
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Huike Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co, Ltd, Qingyuan 511517, PR China
| | - Xiaozhou Fang
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Hengyi Fu
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Junyi He
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, PR China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co, Ltd, Qingyuan 511517, PR China.
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28
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Alves Pimenta JA, Francisco Fukumoto AA, Madeira TB, Alvarez Mendez MO, Nixdorf SL, Cava CE, Kuroda EK. Adsorbent selection for pesticides removal from drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1672-1683. [PMID: 33151819 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1847203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides present in water resources can cause adverse health effects even in low concentrations, due to their bio-accumulative character. Therefore, the challenge for drinking water production increases, due to the limitations of conventional water treatment technologies in the removal of small molecular weight dissolved compounds. This work aimed to provide technical and scientific support for the selection of pulverized activated carbon - PACs, granular activated carbon - GACs, and carbon nanotubes - CNT concerning atrazine - ATZ, simazine - SMZ, and diuron - DIU adsorption for application in water treatment plants, considering two forms of application commercial product - CP and analytical standard - SD. These forms of application were tested aiming to verify the influence of the purity of the products used in experiments on the adsorption efficiency. It was possible to verify the adsorption efficiencies were not guided only by the characteristics of the adsorptive materials used, and that the selection should not be carried out only based on the, specific superficial area - BET size and distribution of specific pore volume. The isotherms demonstrated that the parameter Kf associated with the results of the selection experiment can be considered an alternative technical tool of simple application and sufficient for this purpose. Also, the capacity of activated carbons - ACs and nanomaterials - NMs were affected by the application of the compounds, highlighting the importance of using commercial product - CP in scientific research and technical investigations.Hightlights The pesticides efficiency removal was affected due to the forms of application, SD and CP;The parameters IN and MBI were not decisive in the selection of the activated carbon;The main adsorption mechanism in all the materials was chemical;GAC was the most efficient adsorbent in the removal of the pesticides;An adequate adsorbent selection is crucial for satisfactory removal of pesticides in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Suzana Lucy Nixdorf
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina - Center for Exact Sciences
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29
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Wang J, Zhang C, Poursat BAJ, de Ridder D, Smidt H, van der Wal A, Sutton NB. Unravelling the contribution of nitrifying and methanotrophic bacteria to micropollutant co-metabolism in rapid sand filters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127760. [PMID: 34836694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of organic micropollutant (OMP) in groundwater threatens drinking water quality and public health. Rapid sand filter (RSF) rely on biofilms with nitrifying and methanotrophic bacteria to remove ammonia and methane during drinking water production. Previous research observed the partial removal of OMPs with active nitrification and methane oxidation due to co-metabolic conversion of OMPs. However, the contribution of indigenous nitrifying and methanotrophic communities from RSF has yet to be fully explored. Accordingly, experiments were carried out with biofilm-covered sand collected from field-scale RSF, to assess the removal of nine OMPs by nitrifying and methanotrophic bacteria. Results indicated that stimulating nitrification resulted in significantly more removal of caffeine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and bentazone. Stimulating methanotrophic conditions enhanced the removal of caffeine, benzotriazole, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and bentazone. Microbial community analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene sequencing revealed Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira are the dominant genus in the community under nitrifying conditions. The three genera Methylobacter, Methylomonas and Methylotenera were enriched under methanotrophic conditions. This study highlights that nitrifying and methanotrophic bacteria play important roles during OMP removal in field RSF. Furthermore, results suggest that bioaugmentation with an enriched nitrifying and methanotrophic culture is a promising approach to improve OMP removal in RSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Zhang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 8033, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - David de Ridder
- Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 8033, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zheng X, Jiang N, Zheng H, Wu Y, Heijman SG. Predicting adsorption isotherms of organic micropollutants by high-silica zeolite mixtures. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Jjagwe J, Olupot PW, Menya E, Kalibbala HM. Synthesis and Application of Granular Activated Carbon from Biomass Waste Materials for Water Treatment: A Review. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Kozyatnyk I, Oesterle P, Wurzer C, Mašek O, Jansson S. Removal of contaminants of emerging concern from multicomponent systems using carbon dioxide activated biochar from lignocellulosic feedstocks. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125561. [PMID: 34332442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of six contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) - caffeine, chloramphenicol, carbamazepine, bisphenol A, diclofenac, and triclosan - from a multicomponent solution was studied using activated biochars obtained from three lignocellulosic feedstocks: wheat straw, softwood, and peach stones. Structural parameters related to the porosity and ash content of activated biochar and the hydrophobic properties of the CECs were found to influence the adsorption efficiency. For straw and softwood biochar, activation resulted in a more developed mesoporosity, whereas activation of peach stone biochar increased only the microporosity. The most hydrophilic CECs studied, caffeine and chloramphenicol, displayed the highest adsorption (22.8 and 11.3 mg g-1) onto activated wheat straw biochar which had the highest ash content of the studied adsorbents (20 wt%). Adsorption of bisphenol A and triclosan, both relatively hydrophobic substances, was highest (31.6 and 30.2 mg g-1) onto activated biochar from softwood, which displayed a well-developed mesoporosity and low ash content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kozyatnyk
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pierre Oesterle
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christian Wurzer
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FF Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FF Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stina Jansson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
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Wang Q, Mitchell RL, Hofman R, Yu J, Yang M, Rietveld LC, Zietzschmann F. How properties of low molecular weight model competitors impact organic micropollutant adsorption onto activated carbon at realistically asymmetric concentrations. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117443. [PMID: 34333298 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight (LMW) dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the predominant competitor for adsorption sites against organic micropollutants (OMPs) in activated carbon adsorption. However, top-down approaches using highly complex mixtures of real water DOM do not allow to concisely examine the impacts of specific LMW DOM molecular properties on competitive adsorption. Therefore, we followed a bottom-up approach using fifteen model compounds (mDOM) to elucidate how important DOM characteristics, including hydrophobicity and unsaturated structures (ring, double/triple bond), impact competitiveness. Large concentration asymmetry (~500 μg DOC/μg OMP) made mDOM compounds, which were overall less preferentially adsorbed than OMPs, become competitive against OMPs and inhibit OMP adsorption kinetics by pre-occupation of adsorption sites. Our results revealed that both hydrophobicity interactions and π-interactions increased mDOM competitiveness, while π-interactions outweighed hydrophobic interactions. However, π-interactions could not be satisfactorily evaluated with a parameter such as specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) due to interferences of carboxyl groups in aromatic mDOMs. Instead, mDOM adsorbability, described by mDOM adsorption capacity, proved to be a comprehensive indicator for mDOM competitiveness. To our knowledge, this is the first study that systematically clarifies the impacts of intricately interacting molecular properties on DOM adsorption and the related competition against OMP adsorption. DOM adsorbability may inspire a new fractionation, and assist the further isolation, identification and detailed characterization of LMW DOM competitors in real DOM-containing waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA, Delft, the Netherland; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Raja-Louisa Mitchell
- Chair of Water Quality Control, Technische Universität Berlin, KF4, Str. des 17. Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Roberta Hofman
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein 3433PE, the Netherland
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luuk C Rietveld
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA, Delft, the Netherland
| | - Frederik Zietzschmann
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA, Delft, the Netherland; Chair of Water Quality Control, Technische Universität Berlin, KF4, Str. des 17. Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany; Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Motardstr. 35, Berlin 13629, Germany
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Preparation of Activated Carbons from Spent Coffee Grounds and Coffee Parchment and Assessment of Their Adsorbent Efficiency. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The valorization of coffee wastes through modification to activated carbon has been considered as a low-cost adsorbent with prospective to compete with commercial carbons. So far, very few studies have referred to the valorization of coffee parchment into activated carbon. Moreover, low-cost and efficient activation methods need to be more investigated. The aim of this work was to prepare activated carbon from spent coffee grounds and parchment, and to assess their adsorption performance. The co-calcination processing with calcium carbonate was used to prepare the activated carbons, and their adsorption capacity for organic acids, phenolic compounds and proteins was evaluated. Both spent coffee grounds and parchment showed yields after the calcination and washing treatments of around 9.0%. The adsorption of lactic acid was found to be optimal at pH 2. The maximum adsorption capacity of lactic acid with standard commercial granular activated carbon was 73.78 mg/g, while the values of 32.33 and 14.73 mg/g were registered for the parchment and spent coffee grounds activated carbons, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm showed that lactic acid was adsorbed as a monolayer and distributed homogeneously on the surface. Around 50% of total phenols and protein content from coffee wastewater were adsorbed after treatment with the prepared activated carbons, while 44, 43, and up to 84% of hydrophobic compounds were removed using parchment, spent coffee grounds and commercial activated carbon, respectively; the adsorption efficiencies of hydrophilic compounds ranged between 13 and 48%. Finally, these results illustrate the potential valorization of coffee by-products parchment and spent coffee grounds into activated carbon and their use as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds from aqueous solutions.
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Shao Q, Li Y, Wang Q, Niu T, Li S, Shen W. Preparation of copper doped walnut shell-based biochar for efficiently removal of organic dyes from aqueous solutions. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Piai L, van der Wal A, Boelee N, Langenhoff A. Melamine degradation to bioregenerate granular activated carbon. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125503. [PMID: 33676259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The industrial chemical melamine is often detected in surface water used for drinking water production, due to its wide application and insufficient removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants. Melamine can be removed from water by adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC), nevertheless, GAC needs periodic reactivation in costly and energy intense processes. As an alternative method, GAC can also be regenerated using biomass capable of degrading melamine in a process called bioregeneration. We assessed melamine biodegradation in batch experiments in fully oxic and anoxic, as well as in alternating oxic and anoxic conditions. Additionally, we studied the effect of an additional carbon source on the biodegradation. The most favourable conditions for melamine biodegradation were applied to bioregenerate GAC loaded with melamine. We demonstrate that melamine can be biodegraded in either oxic or anoxic conditions and that melamine degrading biomass can restore at least 28% of the original GAC adsorption capacity. Furthermore, our results indicate that bioregeneration occurs mainly in the largest pore fraction of GAC, impacting adsorption kinetics. Overall, we show that bioregeneration has a large potential for restoring GAC adsorption capacity in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piai
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Evides Water Company, PO Box 4472, 3006 AL Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine Boelee
- Nijhuis Industries, PO Box 44, 7000 AA Doetinchem, The Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Li Z, Zhao X, Hong X, Yang H, Fang D, Wang Y, Lei M. Green Synthesis and Optimization of 3D Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Network via Biomass Waste for Highly Efficient Bisphenol S Adsorption. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zelun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuekun Hong
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of Technology Suzhou Shi, Changshu 211850 P. R. China
| | - Hujiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
| | - Dongyu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China
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Chen T, Fu C, Liu Y, Pan F, Wu F, You Z, Li J. Adsorption of volatile organic compounds by mesoporous graphitized carbon: Enhanced organophilicity, humidity resistance, and mass transfer. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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39
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Insights into Equilibrium and Adsorption Rate of Phenol on Activated Carbon Pellets Derived from Cigarette Butts. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9060934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the preparation of activated carbon pellets from cigarette butts by thermal treatment was evaluated. The morphological, textural, topological, and surface chemical properties were studied by SEM-EDX, N2 adsorption, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy. For adsorption assays, activated carbon was tested for the adsorption of phenol as a model molecule at different solution pH, temperature, and type of water. In addition, leaching tests before and after carbonization were conducted to evaluate the lixiviation of ions present in the solid. The results revealed a microporous material, composed of cylindrical fibers (thickness of 13 µm) with a microporous area of 713 m2/g and narrow and uniform slit-shaped pores (0.4–0.8 nm). The surface chemistry analysis evidenced the presence of oxygenated groups (carboxylic, esters, and phenolics). Activated carbon leaching tests indicated that the concentrations of the leached ions did not exceed the maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Phenol adsorption revealed an exothermic process with a maximum adsorption capacity of 272 mg/g at 10 °C. Finally, it was confirmed that phenol diffusion was drastically affected by hindered phenomena due to the similarity in the molecular size of phenol and the average size of micropores, and as a result an effective diffusion coefficient between 6.10 × 10−0 and 5.50 × 10−12 cm2/s and a maximum tortuosity value of 3.3 were obtained.
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Mallakpour S, Behranvand V. Methylene blue contaminated water sanitization with alginate/compact discs waste-derived activated carbon composite beads: Adsorption studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:28-35. [PMID: 33716132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption behavior of different adsorbents has been studied by various research works. But few studies have compared linear and non-linear isotherm and kinetic models alongside phenomenological coefficients. Here, the effect of activated carbon black (ACB) on the methylene blue adsorption behavior of alginate was examined. A low-cost and green adsorbent was fabricated to can easily be detached from water. For this aim waste compact discs were recycled for the preparation of ACB. Loading of 15 wt% ACB related to pure alginate increased removal yield of alginate significantly. Isotherms and kinetic models in linear and non-linear forms were studied and the results were examined by comparing R2 along with different error function values to find the best fitting. The results were well matched with non-linear pseudo-second-order and linear Langmuir. Intraparticle diffusion model and phenomenological coefficients represented control of adsorption by film diffusion and its limiting by pore diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadpour Mallakpour
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Vajiheh Behranvand
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran
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41
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Guillossou R, Le Roux J, Goffin A, Mailler R, Varrault G, Vulliet E, Morlay C, Nauleau F, Guérin S, Rocher V, Gaspéri J. Fluorescence excitation/emission matrices as a tool to monitor the removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater effluents by adsorption onto activated carbon. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116749. [PMID: 33352527 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in advanced wastewater treatment facilities requires expensive and time-consuming analytical methods that cannot be installed online. Spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence excitation/emission spectroscopy were demonstrated to offer the potential for monitoring OMPs removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants or ozonation pilots but their application to activated carbon (AC) adsorption processes was only investigated at lab scale and not in real treatment facilities. In this study, indexes from fluorescence emission/excitation matrices (EEMs) were used to find correlations with the removal of 28 OMPs from a large-scale AC pilot in fluidized bed employed for wastewater advanced treatment, as well as from batch experiments. Differences in OMPs removal could be observed depending on the operational conditions (i.e. pilot or batch experiments, contact time, type of AC) and the physico-chemical properties of the molecules. 7 PARAFAC components were derived from the fluorescence EEMs of 60 samples obtained before and after adsorption. Positive correlations were obtained between the removal of fluorescence indexes and most OMPs, and correlation coefficients were much higher than the ones obtained with UV254, confirming the interesting potential of fluorescence spectroscopy to accurately monitor adsorption performances at the industrial scale. The highest correlation coefficients were obtained for OMPs having the best removals while the ones that were refractory to adsorption, as well as to interactions with DOM, exhibited weak correlations. These results suggest that interactions between OMPs and fluorescing DOM and their subsequent co-adsorption onto AC were at the origin of the correlations found. Lower correlations were also found for the most biodegradable OMPs, which indicated that the occurrence of biological effects could make the monitoring of these compounds more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Guillossou
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Julien Le Roux
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France.
| | - Angélique Goffin
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Romain Mailler
- Service public de l'assainissement francilien (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, Colombes, France
| | - Gilles Varrault
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vulliet
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine Morlay
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées-Lyon, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabrice Nauleau
- Saur, Direction de la Recherche et du Développement, Maurepas, France
| | - Sabrina Guérin
- Service public de l'assainissement francilien (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, Colombes, France
| | - Vincent Rocher
- Service public de l'assainissement francilien (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, Colombes, France
| | - Johnny Gaspéri
- Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France; GERS-LEE, Université Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, F-44344 Bouguenais, France.
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Liquid-Phase Removal of Methylene Blue as Organic Pollutant by Mesoporous Activated Carbon Prepared from Water Caltrop Husk Using Carbon Dioxide Activation. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a mesoporous activated carbon (AC) was prepared from a unique lignocellulosic biomass (water caltrop husk) in triplicate using a single-step physical activation process at lower temperature (i.e., 750 °C) and longer holding time (i.e., 90 min). Based on the pore properties and adsorption properties for removal of methylene blue (MB) as organic pollutant, the results proved that the resulting AC possesses a mesoporous feature with the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 810.5 m2/g and mesopore volume of about 0.13 cm3/g. Due to its fast adsorption rate and maximal adsorption capacity fitted (126.6 mg/g), the mesoporous carbon material could be used as an excellent adsorbent for liquid-phase removal of MB. In addition, the pseudo-second-order model is well suited for describing the adsorption system between the cationic adsorbate and the resulting AC with oxygen surface groups.
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43
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Xiao F, Bedane AH, Mallula S, Sasi PC, Alinezhad A, Soli D, Hagen ZM, Mann MD. Production of granular activated carbon by thermal air oxidation of biomass charcoal/biochar for water treatment in rural communities: A mechanistic investigation. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
The loading of granular activated carbon (GAC) is influenced by the amount of water treated and the concentrations of adsorbates present in the water matrix. Through extraction experiments, we aimed to investigate the total adsorbed mass of eight organic micropollutants by using ethanol as solvent and the maximum possible concentrations, due to the desorption of organic micropollutants, in water. Three different drying methods and the impact of the contact time, GAC particle size, and GAC/solvent ratio were investigated. Although no significant differences between the drying methods could be observed, the chosen contact time and particle size had a significant impact on the amount of organic micropollutants extracted. Lower GAC/solvent ratios positively affected the extraction yield. The masses extracted in ethanol were compared with the cumulated masses calculated from 72 feed and effluent samples, collected during filter operation, resulting in extraction yields between 0.5% and 30%. The composition of extracted micropollutants in ethanol reflected the concentrations in feed water of the pilot-scale filter. Desorption in water was mostly influenced by the solubility of the investigated micropollutants. The same substances found in the supernatants inf the experiments could also be identified in the backwash water of the filter.
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Wu C, Klemes MJ, Trang B, Dichtel WR, Helbling DE. Exploring the factors that influence the adsorption of anionic PFAS on conventional and emerging adsorbents in aquatic matrices. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 182:115950. [PMID: 32604026 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have raised great concern due to their ubiquity in aquatic environments, and adsorption technologies are among the most promising treatment solutions. This study investigated the key factors that influence the adsorption of anionic PFASs on conventional and emerging adsorbents. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the removal of 20 target PFASs at environmentally relevant concentrations by three different activated carbon (AC) materials and two different β-cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs). Experiments were conducted in Milli-Q water and in groundwater. Major physical properties of the adsorbents were measured, along with general water chemistry parameters for each groundwater sample. Principal component analysis (PCA) was subsequently employed to extract the important associations from the multivariate dataset. The distinct performances of ACs and CDPs were attributed to their different surface chemistry and the distinct nature of their adsorption binding sites. Hydrophobic interactions dominated PFAS adsorption onto ACs while CDPs mostly attracted anionic PFASs via favorable electrostatic interactions. ACs of a smaller average particle size performed better, with our data pointing to an increased external specific surface area as the likely reason. pH and the concentration of cations were the primary contributors to adsorption inhibition in groundwater. Higher pH values limit anionic PFAS adsorption by deprotonating the functional groups on adsorbent surfaces. The elevated levels of cations in some groundwater samples limited the effects of attractive electrostatic interactions. Knowledge of PFAS adsorption mechanisms gained from this study can be used to design more efficient adsorbents and to predict their performance under a range of environmental scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyue Wu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Max J Klemes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Brittany Trang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| | - Damian E Helbling
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Yang Y, Zheng Z, Ji W, Xu J, Zhang X. Insights to perfluorooctanoic acid adsorption micro-mechanism over Fe-based metal organic frameworks: Combining computational calculation with response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122686. [PMID: 32330783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption performance, interfacial interaction mechanism and contribution of pores concerning PFOA adsorption to Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) including Fe-BTC, MIL-100-Fe and MIL-101-Fe are investigated using experiments and computational calculation at molecular level even electronic level. Fe-BTC (418 mg/g) with more Lewis acid sites demonstrates higher adsorption capacity of PFOA in comparison with MIL-100-Fe (349 mg/g) and MIL-101-Fe (370 mg/g). Adsorption isotherms and kinetics indicate presence of monolayer adsorption and chemisorption in adsorption process. The pH dependence of PFOA adsorption to Fe-based MOFs is statistically revealed by experiments and analysis of variance of response surface methodology (RSM). XPS spectra of MOF-PFOA corroborate that decreasing binding energy of Fe2p and increasing binding energy of F1s, suggesting the presence of Lewis acid/base complexing (LAB) and hydrophobic interaction in adsorption process. Differential charge demonstrates that Fe center and benzene of organic ligands are respectively electron acceptor and donor in adsorption process. Electronic level mechanism finds that LAB complexing dominates adsorption process due to highest overlap of electron cloud. Smaller pores such as triangle and pentagonal pores of Fe-based MOFs contribute to the load of PFOA, while larger hexagonal one enable PFOA to enter into cages, as revealed by computational calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiong Yang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zenghui Zheng
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wenqing Ji
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Jingcheng Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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Alves TC, Mota JAX, Pinheiro A. Biosorption of organic micropollutants onto lignocellulosic-based material. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:427-439. [PMID: 32960789 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of organic micropollutants such as pharmaceutical drugs and hormones in the environment reflects the inefficiency of traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Biosorption is a promising alternative from a technical-economic point of view, so understanding the mechanisms of adsorption in new biosorbents is vital for application and process optimization. Within this context, this study aims to evaluate the mechanisms of adsorption and removal of synthetic and natural hormones by Pinus elliottii bark biosorbent (PS) compared to commercial granular activated carbon (GAC) through kinetic models, isotherm models, and thermodynamic models. The adsorbents were also characterized by morphology, chemical composition, functional groups, and point of zero charge. Characterization of the adsorbents highlights the heterogeneous and fibrous morphology and broader range of functional groups found for PS. Kinetic adjustments showed high accuracy for pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models, presenting multilinearity and evidencing multi-stage adsorption. The isotherms for PS followed high-affinity models, predominantly chemisorption, while those for GAC followed the Langmuir model, where physisorption predominates. These mechanisms were confirmed by thermodynamic models, which also indicated a higher dependence on temperature in the adsorption process. In the fortified water removal test, PS showed removal values higher than GAC, highlighting the advantages of this adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Caique Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, n. 3250, CEP: 89030-000, Blumenau, SC, Brazil E-mail:
| | - João André Ximenes Mota
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, n. 3250, CEP: 89030-000, Blumenau, SC, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Adilson Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, n. 3250, CEP: 89030-000, Blumenau, SC, Brazil E-mail:
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Wang T, Sun S, Liang C, Li H, Liu A, Zhu H. Effective isolation of antioxidant Phelligridin LA from the fermentation broth of Inonotus baumii by macroporous resin. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:2095-2106. [PMID: 32607861 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phelligridin LA (PLA) is a natural product with vigorous free radical scavenging activities accumulated in the liquid fermentation of herbal medicinal fungus Inonotus baumii. Aiming to establish an efficient isolation method of PLA from the fermentation broth, we evaluated the adsorption of PLA by macroporous resins. The best resin ADS-17 was screened for six candidates with various physical properties and adsorption behaviors. Studies on the thermodynamics and kinetics of the process revealed that the adsorption reaction could take place spontaneously, which implied that the heat generated in adsorption might compensate for the decrease in entropy. The Freundlich theory could be utilized to fit the experimental data. The pseudo-second-order equation could describe the process, and the adsorption rate was primarily controlled by liquid film diffusion and pore diffusion. The influencing operation factors (temperature, pH, and the ratio of fermentation broth to resin) of the adsorption process were optimized with response surface methodology. The optimized condition (temperature 22.81 °C, pH 5.19, and the ratio of fermentation broth to resin or RLS 5.11) supported an adsorption rate of 97.03%. These findings would be indispensable for further optimization of the efficient separation of PLA from the fermentation broth, and the fermentation production of PLA in which separation would be included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, and Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Life Sciences, and Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Hui Li
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.
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Xing X, Li T, Bi Z, Qi P, Li Z, Wang H, Lyu L, Gao Y, Hu C. Efficient removal of disinfection by-products precursors and inhibition of bacterial detachment by strong interaction of EPS with coconut shell activated carbon in ozone/biofiltration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122077. [PMID: 32172068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The change of water quality was investigated in pilot-scale ozone-biological activated carbon (O3-BAC) filters using an emerging coconut shell-based granular activated carbon (CAC) or traditional granular activated carbon (GAC), respectively. More dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors were removed, meanwhile, less microbes, less metabolites and smaller microbial clusters were detected in the effluent of CAC compared with GAC. Sequentially, lower DBPs formation and higher disinfection efficiency were achieved in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). Furthermore, it was observed that extracellular electron transfer was enhanced in the attached biofilms of CAC, hence improving the microbial metabolic activity and biological removal of DOC. The results were attributed to the strong interaction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with highly graphitized CAC. In addition, CAC resulted in totally different EPS in attached biofilms with superior characteristics including stronger viscosity, higher flocculating efficiency, mechanical stability and numerous binding sites for bacterial cells. Consequently, a wide range of compact interconnected biofilms formed on the surface of CAC and exhibited certain binding effect for microbial flocs and metabolites. Therefore, CAC resulted in higher microbial metabolic activity and lower release of microbes and metabolites, which was beneficial to maintain water quality safety in downstream DWDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueci Xing
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihao Bi
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peng Qi
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zesong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lai Lyu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaowen Gao
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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50
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Golea DM, Jarvis P, Jefferson B, Moore G, Sutherland S, Parsons SA, Judd SJ. Influence of granular activated carbon media properties on natural organic matter and disinfection by-product precursor removal from drinking water. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 174:115613. [PMID: 32092546 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Operational and financial constraints challenge effective removal of natural organic matter (NOM), and specifically disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, at remote and/or small sites. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is a widely used treatment option for such locations, due to its relatively low maintenance and process operational simplicity. However, its efficacy is highly dependent on the media capacity for the organic matter, which in turn depends on the media characteristics. The influence of GAC media properties on NOM/DBP precursor removal has been studied using a range of established and emerging media using both batch adsorption tests and rapid small-scale column tests. DBP formation propensity (DBPFP) was measured with reference to trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). All GAC media showed no selectivity for specific removal of precursors of regulated DBPs; DBP formation was a simple function of residual dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels. UV254 was found to be a good surrogate measurement of DBPFP for an untreated water source having a high DOC. Due to the much-reduced concentration of DBP precursors, the correlation was significantly poorer for the coagulation/flocculation-pretreateed water source. Breakthrough curves generated from the microcolumn trials revealed DOC removal and consequent DBP reduction to correlate reasonably well with the prevalence pores in the 5-10 nm range. A 3-6 fold increase in capacity was recorded for a 0.005-0.045 cm3/g change in 5-10 nm-sized pore volume density. No corresponding correlation was evident with other media pore size ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Golea
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - P Jarvis
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - B Jefferson
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - G Moore
- Scottish Water, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - S J Judd
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK.
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