1
|
Anciuc-Crauciuc M, Cucerea MC, Tripon F, Crauciuc GA, Bănescu CV. Descriptive and Functional Genomics in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: From Lung Development to Targeted Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:649. [PMID: 38203821 PMCID: PMC10780183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this up-to-date study, we first aimed to highlight the genetic and non-genetic factors associated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) while also focusing on the genomic aspect of this condition. Secondly, we discuss the treatment options and the progressing therapies based on RNAs or gene therapy. To fulfill this, our study commences with lung organogenesis, a highly orchestrated procedure guided by an intricate network of conserved signaling pathways that ultimately oversee the processes of patterning, growth, and differentiation. Then, our review focuses on the molecular mechanisms contributing to both normal and abnormal lung growth and development and underscores the connections between genetic and non-genetic factors linked to neonatal RDS, with a particular emphasis on the genomic aspects of this condition and their implications for treatment choices and the advancing therapeutic approaches centered around RNAs or gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Anciuc-Crauciuc
- Genetics Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.A.-C.); (C.V.B.)
- Neonatology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Manuela Camelia Cucerea
- Neonatology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Florin Tripon
- Genetics Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.A.-C.); (C.V.B.)
| | - George-Andrei Crauciuc
- Genetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Claudia Violeta Bănescu
- Genetics Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.A.-C.); (C.V.B.)
- Genetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rochais F, Kelly RG. Fibroblast growth factor 10. Differentiation 2023:100741. [PMID: 38040515 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is a major morphoregulatory factor that plays essential signaling roles during vertebrate multiorgan development and homeostasis. FGF10 is predominantly expressed in mesenchymal cells and signals though FGFR2b in adjacent epithelia to regulate branching morphogenesis, stem cell fate, tissue differentiation and proliferation, in addition to autocrine roles. Genetic loss of function analyses have revealed critical requirements for FGF10 signaling during limb, lung, digestive system, ectodermal, nervous system, craniofacial and cardiac development. Heterozygous FGF10 mutations have been identified in human genetic syndromes associated with craniofacial anomalies, including lacrimal and salivary gland aplasia. Elevated Fgf10 expression is associated with poor prognosis in a range of cancers. In addition to developmental and disease roles, FGF10 regulates homeostasis and repair of diverse adult tissues and has been identified as a target for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert G Kelly
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neptune ER, Cardoso WV. Unravelling the expanding role of FGF10 signalling in lung homeostasis and maintenance. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2301691. [PMID: 37945046 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01691-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enid R Neptune
- Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Sun D, Butler R, Rawlins EL. RTK signalling promotes epithelial columnar cell shape and apical junction maintenance in human lung progenitor cells. Development 2023; 150:dev201284. [PMID: 37260147 PMCID: PMC10281517 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Multipotent epithelial progenitor cells can be expanded from human embryonic lungs as organoids and maintained in a self-renewing state using a defined medium. The organoid cells are columnar, resembling the cell morphology of the developing lung tip epithelium in vivo. Cell shape dynamics and fate are tightly coordinated during development. We therefore used the organoid system to identify signalling pathways that maintain the columnar shape of human lung tip progenitors. We found that EGF, FGF7 and FGF10 have distinct functions in lung tip progenitors. FGF7 activates MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signalling, and is sufficient to promote columnar cell shape in primary tip progenitors. Inhibitor experiments show that MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signalling are key downstream pathways, regulating cell proliferation, columnar cell shape and cell junctions. We identified integrin signalling as a key pathway downstream of MAPK/ERK in the tip progenitors; disrupting integrin alters polarity, cell adhesion and tight junction assembly. By contrast, stimulation with FGF10 or EGF alone is not sufficient to maintain organoid columnar cell shape. This study employs organoids to provide insight into the cellular mechanisms regulating human lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Dawei Sun
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Richard Butler
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Emma L. Rawlins
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chong L, Ahmadvand N, Noori A, Lv Y, Chen C, Bellusci S, Zhang JS. Injury activated alveolar progenitors (IAAPs): the underdog of lung repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:145. [PMID: 37166489 PMCID: PMC10173924 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2s) together with AT1s constitute the epithelial lining of lung alveoli. In contrast to the large flat AT1s, AT2s are cuboidal and smaller. In addition to surfactant production, AT2s also serve as prime alveolar progenitors in homeostasis and play an important role during regeneration/repair. Based on different lineage tracing strategies in mice and single-cell transcriptomic analysis, recent reports highlight the heterogeneous nature of AT2s. These studies present compelling evidence for the presence of stable or transitory AT2 subpopulations with distinct marker expression, signaling pathway activation and functional properties. Despite demonstrated progenitor potentials of AT2s in maintaining homeostasis, through self-renewal and differentiation to AT1s, the exact identity, full progenitor potential and regulation of these progenitor cells, especially in the context of human diseases remain unclear. We recently identified a novel subset of AT2 progenitors named "Injury-Activated Alveolar Progenitors" (IAAPs), which express low levels of Sftpc, Sftpb, Sftpa1, Fgfr2b and Etv5, but are highly enriched for the expression of the surface receptor programmed cell death-ligand 1 (Pd-l1). IAAPs are quiescent during lung homeostasis but activated upon injury with the potential to proliferate and differentiate into AT2s. Significantly, a similar population of PD-L1 positive cells expressing intermediate levels of SFTPC are found to be expanded in human IPF lungs. We summarize here the current understanding of this newly discovered AT2 progenitor subpopulation and also try to reconcile the relationship between different AT2 stem cell subpopulations regarding their progenitor potential, regulation, and relevance to disease pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chong
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710, USA
| | - Afshin Noori
- Cardio Pulmonary Institute, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuqing Lv
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China.
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Remodelling, Cardio Pulmonary Institute, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Lung Center, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kruk D, Yeung ACY, Faiz A, ten Hacken NHT, Timens W, van Kuppevelt TH, Daamen W, Hof D, Harmsen MC, Rojas M, Heijink IH. Gene expression profiles in mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and lung tissue of COPD patients and controls. Respir Res 2023; 24:22. [PMID: 36681830 PMCID: PMC9863276 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible lung tissue damage. Novel regenerative strategies are urgently awaited. Cultured mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promising results in experimental models of COPD, but differences between sources may impact on their potential use in therapeutic strategies in patients. AIM To assess the transcriptome of lung-derived MSCs (LMSCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC) and adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) from COPD patients and non-COPD controls. METHODS We studied differences in gene expression profiles between the MSC-subtypes, as well as between COPD and control using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). RESULTS We show that besides heterogeneity between donors, MSCs from different sources have strongly divergent gene signatures. The growth factors FGF10 and HGF were predominantly expressed in LMSCs. MSCs from all sources displayed altered expression profiles in COPD, with most pronounced significantly up- and downregulated genes in MSCs from adipose tissue. Pathway analysis revealed that the most differentially expressed genes in COPD-derived AD-MSCs are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) binding and expression. In LMSCs, the gene that differed most strongly between COPD and control was CSGALNACT1, an ECM modulating gene. CONCLUSION Autologous MSCs from COPD patients display abnormalities with respect to their transcriptome, which were surprisingly most profound in MSCs from extrapulmonary sources. LMSCs may be optimally equipped for lung tissue repair because of the expression of specific growth factor genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kruk
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna C. Y. Yeung
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB) Group, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XWoolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW Australia
| | - Alen Faiz
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB) Group, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Nick H. T. ten Hacken
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H. van Kuppevelt
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke Daamen
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique Hof
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Harmsen
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kletukhina S, Mutallapova G, Titova A, Gomzikova M. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911212. [PMID: 36232511 PMCID: PMC9569825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial fibrotic disease that leads to disability and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. The concept of aberrant regeneration of the pulmonary epithelium reveals the pathogenesis of IPF, according to which repeated damage and death of alveolar epithelial cells is the main mechanism leading to the development of progressive IPF. Cell death provokes the migration, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, which overproduce extracellular matrix, resulting in fibrotic deformity of the lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapies for pulmonary fibrosis. MSCs, and EVs derived from MSCs, modulate the activity of immune cells, inhibit the expression of profibrotic genes, reduce collagen deposition and promote the repair of damaged lung tissue. This review considers the molecular mechanisms of the development of IPF and the multifaceted role of MSCs in the therapy of IPF. Currently, EVs-MSCs are regarded as a promising cell-free therapy tool, so in this review we discuss the results available to date of the use of EVs-MSCs for lung tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevindzh Kletukhina
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Mutallapova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Angelina Titova
- Morphology and General Pathology Department, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Gomzikova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-917-8572269
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ting AE, Baker EK, Champagne J, Desai TJ, Dos Santos CC, Heijink IH, Itescu S, Le Blanc K, Matthay MA, McAuley DF, McIntyre L, Mei SHJ, Parekkadan B, Rocco PRM, Sheridan J, Thébaud B, Weiss DJ. Proceedings of the ISCT scientific signature series symposium, "Advances in cell and gene therapies for lung diseases and critical illnesses": International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy, Burlington VT, US, July 16, 2021. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:774-788. [PMID: 35613962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ISCT Scientific Signature Series Symposium "Advances in Cell and Gene Therapies for Lung Diseases and Critical Illnesses" was held as an independent symposium in conjunction with the biennial meeting, "Stem Cells, Cell Therapies, and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Diseases," which took place July 12-15, 2021, at the University of Vermont. This is the third Respiratory System-based Signature Series event; the first 2, "Tracheal Bioengineering, the Next Steps" and "Cellular Therapies for Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Illnesses: State of the Art of European Science," took place in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Cell- and gene-based therapies for respiratory diseases and critical illnesses continue to be a source of great promise and opportunity. This reflects ongoing advancements in understanding of the mechanisms by which cell-based therapies, particularly those using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), can mitigate different lung injuries and the increasing sophistication with which preclinical data is translated into clinical investigations. This also reflects continuing evolution in gene transfer vectors, including those designed for in situ gene editing in parallel with those targeting gene or cell replacement. Therefore, this symposium convened global thought leaders in a forum designed to catalyze communication and collaboration to bring the greatest possible innovation and value of cell- and gene-based therapies for patients with respiratory diseases and critical illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth K Baker
- Newborn Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Tushar J Desai
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine and the Keenan Center for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael A Matthay
- University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, NI, UK
| | | | - Shirley H J Mei
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Sentien Biotechnologies, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA; Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel J Weiss
- University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang G, Lu S, Jiang J, Weng J, Zeng X. Kub3 Deficiency Causes Aberrant Late Embryonic Lung Development in Mice by the FGF Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116014. [PMID: 35682694 PMCID: PMC9181541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As a Ku70-binding protein of the KUB family, Kub3 has previously been reported to play a role in DNA double-strand break repair in human glioblastoma cells in glioblastoma patients. However, the physiological roles of Kub3 in normal mammalian cells remain unknown. In the present study, we generated Kub3 gene knockout mice and revealed that knockout (KO) mice died as embryos after E18.5 or as newborns immediately after birth. Compared with the lungs of wild-type (WT) mice, Kub3 KO lungs displayed abnormal lung morphogenesis and pulmonary atelectasis at E18.5. No difference in cell proliferation or cell apoptosis was detected between KO lungs and WT lungs. However, the differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells and the maturation of type II epithelial cells were impaired in KO lungs at E18.5. Further characterization displayed that Kub3 deficiency caused an abnormal FGF signaling pathway at E18.5. Taking all the data together, we revealed that Kub3 deletion leads to abnormal late lung development in mice, resulting from the aberrant differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells and the immaturation of type II epithelial cells due to the disturbed FGF signaling pathway. Therefore, this study has uncovered an essential role of Kub3 in the prenatal lung development of mice which advances our knowledge of regulatory factors in embryonic lung development and provides new concepts for exploring the mechanisms of disease related to perinatal lung development.
Collapse
|
10
|
Stanton AE, Goodwin K, Sundarakrishnan A, Jaslove JM, Gleghorn JP, Pavlovich AL, Nelson CM. Negative Transpulmonary Pressure Disrupts Airway Morphogenesis by Suppressing Fgf10. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725785. [PMID: 34926440 PMCID: PMC8673560 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are increasingly recognized as important determinants of cell and tissue phenotype and also appear to play a critical role in organ development. During the fetal stages of lung morphogenesis, the pressure of the fluid within the lumen of the airways is higher than that within the chest cavity, resulting in a positive transpulmonary pressure. Several congenital defects decrease or reverse transpulmonary pressure across the developing airways and are associated with a reduced number of branches and a correspondingly underdeveloped lung that is insufficient for gas exchange after birth. The small size of the early pseudoglandular stage lung and its relative inaccessibility in utero have precluded experimental investigation of the effects of transpulmonary pressure on early branching morphogenesis. Here, we present a simple culture model to explore the effects of negative transpulmonary pressure on development of the embryonic airways. We found that negative transpulmonary pressure decreases branching, and that it does so in part by altering the expression of fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10). The morphogenesis of lungs maintained under negative transpulmonary pressure can be rescued by supplementing the culture medium with exogenous FGF10. These data suggest that Fgf10 expression is regulated by mechanical stress in the developing airways. Understanding the mechanical signaling pathways that connect transpulmonary pressure to FGF10 can lead to the establishment of novel non-surgical approaches for ameliorating congenital lung defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Stanton
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Katharine Goodwin
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Aswin Sundarakrishnan
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Jacob M Jaslove
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Jason P Gleghorn
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Amira L Pavlovich
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paracrine Regulation of Alveolar Epithelial Damage and Repair Responses by Human Lung-Resident Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112860. [PMID: 34831082 PMCID: PMC8616441 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD is characterized by irreversible lung tissue damage. We hypothesized that lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (LMSCs) reduce alveolar epithelial damage via paracrine processes, and may thus be suitable for cell-based strategies in COPD. We aimed to assess whether COPD-derived LMSCs display abnormalities. LMSCs were isolated from lung tissue of severe COPD patients and non-COPD controls. Effects of LMSC conditioned-medium (CM) on H2O2-induced, electric field- and scratch-injury were studied in A549 and NCI-H441 epithelial cells. In organoid models, LMSCs were co-cultured with NCI-H441 or primary lung cells. Organoid number, size and expression of alveolar type II markers were assessed. Pre-treatment with LMSC-CM significantly attenuated oxidative stress-induced necrosis and accelerated wound repair in A549. Co-culture with LMSCs supported organoid formation in NCI-H441 and primary epithelial cells, resulting in significantly larger organoids with lower type II-marker positivity in the presence of COPD-derived versus control LMSCs. Similar abnormalities developed in organoids from COPD compared to control-derived lung cells, with significantly larger organoids. Collectively, this indicates that LMSCs' secretome attenuates alveolar epithelial injury and supports epithelial repair. Additionally, LMSCs promote generation of alveolar organoids, with abnormalities in the supportive effects of COPD-derived LMCS, reflective of impaired regenerative responses of COPD distal lung cells.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, Li L, Chen Q, Yang X, Hui Q, Al-Azzani H, Huang Y, Cai J, Wang X, Jin Z. Toxicity Evaluation of Long-Term Topical Application of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor-2 Eye Drops on Macaca Fascicularis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:740726. [PMID: 34621172 PMCID: PMC8490875 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.740726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor-2 (rhKGF-2), an effective agent for the regeneration of epithelial tissue, was found to have great potential for use in treatments of corneal diseases that involve corneal epithelial defects. Furthermore, the safety of long-term and high-dose external use of KGF-2 eye drops in rabbits has been well established previously. The aim of this study is to determine the safe dose range and target organs for toxicity of rhKGF-2 eye drops in Macaca fascicularis (M. fascicularis). The M. fascicularis animals were administered with different doses of rhKGF-2 eye drops (125, 500, and 2000 μg/ml) for four consecutive weeks, followed by a 2 week recovery period. No significant differences in weight, electrocardiogram characteristics, blood and urine indexes, pathology, and bone marrow cells were detected among the animals in different groups. The corneas of some animals in the middle- and high-dose groups showed fluorescence when stained with sodium fluorescein, and then the staining disappeared on days 28 and 42. Anti-rhKGF-2 antibodies were detected in a small number of animals in the high-dose group, and their level decreased after rhKGF-2 withdrawal. No neutralizing antibodies were detected. The result demonstrated that there was no obvious adverse reaction when topical application of rhKGF-2 eye drops at the dosage of 125 or 500 μg/ml on the M. fascicularis. This study is of great significance for the future clinical transformation of rhKGF-2 eye drops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuanxin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Hui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hamdi Al-Azzani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zi Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lang C, Conrad L, Iber D. Organ-Specific Branching Morphogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671402. [PMID: 34150767 PMCID: PMC8212048 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A common developmental process, called branching morphogenesis, generates the epithelial trees in a variety of organs, including the lungs, kidneys, and glands. How branching morphogenesis can create epithelial architectures of very different shapes and functions remains elusive. In this review, we compare branching morphogenesis and its regulation in lungs and kidneys and discuss the role of signaling pathways, the mesenchyme, the extracellular matrix, and the cytoskeleton as potential organ-specific determinants of branch position, orientation, and shape. Identifying the determinants of branch and organ shape and their adaptation in different organs may reveal how a highly conserved developmental process can be adapted to different structural and functional frameworks and should provide important insights into epithelial morphogenesis and developmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lang
- Department of Biosystems, Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Conrad
- Department of Biosystems, Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Iber
- Department of Biosystems, Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dierick F, Solinc J, Bignard J, Soubrier F, Nadaud S. Progenitor/Stem Cells in Vascular Remodeling during Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061338. [PMID: 34071347 PMCID: PMC8226806 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by an important occlusive vascular remodeling with the production of new endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts. Identifying the cellular processes leading to vascular proliferation and dysfunction is a major goal in order to decipher the mechanisms leading to PAH development. In addition to in situ proliferation of vascular cells, studies from the past 20 years have unveiled the role of circulating and resident vascular in pulmonary vascular remodeling. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on the different progenitor and stem cells that have been shown to participate in pulmonary vascular lesions and on the pathways regulating their recruitment during PAH. Finally, this review also addresses the therapeutic potential of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- France Dierick
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada;
| | - Julien Solinc
- UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Juliette Bignard
- UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Florent Soubrier
- UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Sophie Nadaud
- UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.B.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kitahara A, Ran Q, Oda K, Yasue A, Abe M, Ye X, Sasaoka T, Tsuchida M, Sakimura K, Ajioka Y, Saijo Y, Zhou Q. Generation of Lungs by Blastocyst Complementation in Apneumic Fgf10-Deficient Mice. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107626. [PMID: 32402288 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of donor lungs hinders lung transplantation, the only definitive option for patients with end-stage lung disease. Blastocyst complementation enables the generation of transplantable organs from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in animal models. Pancreases and kidneys have been generated from PSCs by blastocyst complementation in rodent models. Here, we report the generation of lungs using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in apneumic Fgf10 Ex1mut/Ex3mutmice by blastocyst complementation. Complementation with ESCs enables Fgf10-deficient mice to survive to adulthood without abnormalities. Both the generated lung alveolar parenchyma and the interstitial portions, including vascular endothelial cells, vascular and parabronchial smooth muscle cells, and connective tissue, largely originate from the injected ESCs. These data suggest that Fgf10 Ex1mut/Ex3mutblastocysts provide an organ niche for lung generation and that blastocyst complementation could be a viable approach for generating whole lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Kitahara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Qingsong Ran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kanako Oda
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasue
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Xulu Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshikuni Sasaoka
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsuchida
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ajioka
- Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saijo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Qiliang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Donadon M, Santoro MM. The origin and mechanisms of smooth muscle cell development in vertebrates. Development 2021; 148:148/7/dev197384. [PMID: 33789914 DOI: 10.1242/dev.197384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) represent a major structural and functional component of many organs during embryonic development and adulthood. These cells are a crucial component of vertebrate structure and physiology, and an updated overview of the developmental and functional process of smooth muscle during organogenesis is desirable. Here, we describe the developmental origin of SMCs within different tissues by comparing their specification and differentiation with other organs, including the cardiovascular, respiratory and intestinal systems. We then discuss the instructive roles of smooth muscle in the development of such organs through signaling and mechanical feedback mechanisms. By understanding SMC development, we hope to advance therapeutic approaches related to tissue regeneration and other smooth muscle-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Donadon
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Massimo M Santoro
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kruk DMLW, Wisman M, Bruin HGD, Lodewijk ME, Hof DJ, Borghuis T, Daamen WF, van Kuppevelt TH, Timens W, Burgess JK, Ten Hacken NHT, Heijink IH. Abnormalities in reparative function of lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L832-L844. [PMID: 33656381 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may provide crucial support in the regeneration of destructed alveolar tissue (emphysema) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that lung-derived MSCs (LMSCs) from patients with emphysema are hampered in their repair capacity, either intrinsically or due to their interaction with the damaged microenvironment. LMSCs were isolated from the lung tissue of controls and patients with severe emphysema and characterized at baseline. In addition, LMSCs were seeded onto control and emphysematous decellularized lung tissue scaffolds and assessed for deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). We observed no differences in surface markers, differentiation/proliferation potential, and expression of ECM genes between control- and COPD-derived LMSCs. Notably, COPD-derived LMSCs displayed lower expression of FGF10 and HGF messenger RNA (mRNA) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and decorin protein. When seeded on control decellularized lung tissue scaffolds, control- and COPD-derived LMSCs showed no differences in engraftment, proliferation, or survival within 2 wk, with similar ability to deposit new matrix on the scaffolds. Moreover, LMSC numbers and the ability to deposit new matrix were not compromised on emphysematous scaffolds. Collectively, our data show that LMSCs from patients with COPD compared with controls show less expression of FGF10 mRNA, HGF mRNA and protein, and decorin protein, whereas other features including the mRNA expression of various ECM molecules are unaffected. Furthermore, COPD-derived LMSCs are capable of engraftment, proliferation, and functioning on native lung tissue scaffolds. The damaged, emphysematous microenvironment as such does not hamper the potential of LMSCs. Thus, specific intrinsic deficiencies in growth factor production by diseased LMSCs may contribute to impaired alveolar repair in emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M L W Kruk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marissa Wisman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold G de Bruin
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique E Lodewijk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique J Hof
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke F Daamen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kina YP, Khadim A, Seeger W, El Agha E. The Lung Vasculature: A Driver or Passenger in Lung Branching Morphogenesis? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:623868. [PMID: 33585463 PMCID: PMC7873988 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.623868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple cellular, biochemical, and physical factors converge to coordinate organogenesis. During embryonic development, several organs such as the lung, salivary glands, mammary glands, and kidneys undergo rapid, but intricate, iterative branching. This biological process not only determines the overall architecture, size and shape of such organs but is also a pre-requisite for optimal organ function. The lung, in particular, relies on a vast surface area to carry out efficient gas exchange, and it is logical to suggest that airway branching during lung development represents a rate-limiting step in this context. Against this background, the vascular network develops in parallel to the airway tree and reciprocal interaction between these two compartments is critical for their patterning, branching, and co-alignment. In this mini review, we present an overview of the branching process in the developing mouse lung and discuss whether the vasculature plays a leading role in the process of airway epithelial branching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elie El Agha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Obendorf J, Fabian C, Thome UH, Laube M. Paracrine stimulation of perinatal lung functional and structural maturation by mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:525. [PMID: 33298180 PMCID: PMC7724458 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were shown to harbor therapeutic potential in models of respiratory diseases, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common sequel of preterm birth. In these studies, cells or animals were challenged with hyperoxia or other injury-inducing agents. However, little is known about the effect of MSCs on immature fetal lungs and whether MSCs are able to improve lung maturity, which may alleviate lung developmental arrest in BPD. Methods We aimed to determine if the conditioned medium (CM) of MSCs stimulates functional and structural lung maturation. As a measure of functional maturation, Na+ transport in primary fetal distal lung epithelial cells (FDLE) was studied in Ussing chambers. Na+ transporter and surfactant protein mRNA expression was determined by qRT-PCR. Structural maturation was assessed by microscopy in fetal rat lung explants. Results MSC-CM strongly increased the activity of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) and the Na,K-ATPase as well as their mRNA expression. Branching and growth of fetal lung explants and surfactant protein mRNA expression were enhanced by MSC-CM. Epithelial integrity and metabolic activity of FDLE cells were not influenced by MSC-CM. Since MSC’s actions are mainly attributed to paracrine signaling, prominent lung growth factors were blocked. None of the tested growth factors (VEGF, BMP, PDGF, EGF, TGF-β, FGF, HGF) contributed to the MSC-induced increase of Na+ transport. In contrast, inhibition of PI3-K/AKT and Rac1 signaling reduced MSC-CM efficacy, suggesting an involvement of these pathways in the MSC-CM-induced Na+ transport. Conclusion The results demonstrate that MSC-CM strongly stimulated functional and structural maturation of the fetal lungs. These effects were at least partially mediated by the PI3-K/AKT and Rac1 signaling pathway. Thus, MSCs not only repair a deleterious tissue environment, but also target lung cellular immaturity itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Obendorf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 19, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claire Fabian
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstrasse 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich H Thome
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 19, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Laube
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 19, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Moiseenko A, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Kheirollahi V, Chu X, Tata A, Rivetti S, Günther S, Lebrigand K, Herold S, Braun T, Mari B, De Langhe S, Kwapiszewska G, Günther A, Chen C, Seeger W, Tata PR, Zhang JS, Bellusci S, El Agha E. Identification of a Repair-Supportive Mesenchymal Cell Population during Airway Epithelial Regeneration. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108549. [PMID: 33357434 PMCID: PMC8363050 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration requires coordinated and dynamic remodeling of stem and progenitor cells and the surrounding niche. Although the plasticity of epithelial cells has been well explored in many tissues, the dynamic changes occurring in niche cells remain elusive. Here, we show that, during lung repair after naphthalene injury, a population of PDGFRα+ cells emerges in the non-cartilaginous conducting airway niche, which is normally populated by airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). This cell population, which we term “repair-supportive mesenchymal cells” (RSMCs), is distinct from conventional ASMCs, which have previously been shown to contribute to epithelial repair. Gene expression analysis on sorted lineage-labeled cells shows that RSMCs express low levels of ASMC markers, but high levels of the pro-regenerative marker Fgf10. Organoid co-cultures demonstrate an enhanced ability for RSMCs in supporting club-cell growth. Our study highlights the dynamics of mesenchymal cells in the airway niche and has implications for chronic airway-injury-associated diseases. Moiseenko et al. explore the dynamics of mesenchymal cells in the peribronchial niche in response to airway injury. They identify a population of mesenchymal cells located in close proximity to airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). This population, termed “repair-supportive mesenchymal cells” (RSMCs), is recruited to facilitate airway epithelial regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Moiseenko
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vahid Kheirollahi
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Xuran Chu
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Stefano Rivetti
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, W.G. Kerckhoff Institute, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, W.G. Kerckhoff Institute, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Stijn De Langhe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Günther
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Elie El Agha
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fgf10-CRISPR mosaic mutants demonstrate the gene dose-related loss of the accessory lobe and decrease in the number of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells in mouse lung. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240333. [PMID: 33057360 PMCID: PMC7561199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing often generates founder generation (F0) mice that exhibit somatic mosaicism in the targeted gene(s). It has been known that Fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10)-null mice exhibit limbless and lungless phenotypes, while intermediate limb phenotypes (variable defective limbs) are observed in the Fgf10-CRISPR F0 mice. However, how the lung phenotype in the Fgf10-mosaic mutants is related to the limb phenotype and genotype has not been investigated. In this study, we examined variable lung phenotypes in the Fgf10-targeted F0 mice to determine if the lung phenotype was correlated with percentage of functional Fgf10 genotypes. Firstly, according to a previous report, Fgf10-CRISPR F0 embryos on embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5) were classified into three types: type I, no limb; type II, limb defect; and type III, normal limbs. Cartilage and bone staining showed that limb truncations were observed in the girdle, (type I), stylopodial, or zeugopodial region (type II). Deep sequencing of the Fgf10-mutant genomes revealed that the mean proportion of codons that encode putative functional FGF10 was 8.3 ± 6.2% in type I, 25.3 ± 2.7% in type II, and 54.3 ± 9.5% in type III (mean ± standard error of the mean) mutants at E16.5. Histological studies showed that almost all lung lobes were absent in type I embryos. The accessory lung lobe was often absent in type II embryos with other lobes dysplastic. All lung lobes formed in type III embryos. The number of terminal tubules was significantly lower in type I and II embryos, but unchanged in type III embryos. To identify alveolar type 2 epithelial (AECII) cells, known to be reduced in the Fgf10-heterozygous mutant, immunostaining using anti-surfactant protein C (SPC) antibody was performed: In the E18.5 lungs, the number of AECII was correlated to the percentage of functional Fgf10 genotypes. These data suggest the Fgf10 gene dose-related loss of the accessory lobe and decrease in the number of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells in mouse lung. Since dysfunction of AECII cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of parenchymal lung diseases, the Fgf10-CRISPR F0 mouse would present an ideal experimental system to explore it.
Collapse
|
22
|
Riccetti M, Gokey JJ, Aronow B, Perl AKT. The elephant in the lung: Integrating lineage-tracing, molecular markers, and single cell sequencing data to identify distinct fibroblast populations during lung development and regeneration. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:51-74. [PMID: 32442602 PMCID: PMC7434667 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
During lung development, the mesenchyme and epithelium are dependent on each other for instructive morphogenic cues that direct proliferation, cellular differentiation and organogenesis. Specification of epithelial and mesenchymal cell lineages occurs in parallel, forming cellular subtypes that guide the formation of both transitional developmental structures and the permanent architecture of the adult lung. While epithelial cell types and lineages have been relatively well-defined in recent years, the definition of mesenchymal cell types and lineage relationships has been more challenging. Transgenic mouse lines with permanent and inducible lineage tracers have been instrumental in identifying lineage relationships among epithelial progenitor cells and their differentiation into distinct airway and alveolar epithelial cells. Lineage tracing experiments with reporter mice used to identify fibroblast progenitors and their lineage trajectories have been limited by the number of cell specific genes and the developmental timepoint when the lineage trace was activated. In this review, we discuss major developmental mesenchymal lineages, focusing on time of origin, major cell type, and other lineage derivatives, as well as the transgenic tools used to find and define them. We describe lung fibroblasts using function, location, and molecular markers in order to compare and contrast cells with similar functions. The temporal and cell-type specific expression of fourteen "fibroblast lineage" genes were identified in single-cell RNA-sequencing data from LungMAP in the LGEA database. Using these lineage signature genes as guides, we clustered murine lung fibroblast populations from embryonic day 16.5 to postnatal day 28 (E16.5-PN28) and generated heatmaps to illustrate expression of transcription factors, signaling receptors and ligands in a temporal and population specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Riccetti
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jason J Gokey
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Bruce Aronow
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Anne-Karina T Perl
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Signaling Pathways Involved in the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Pulmonary Hypertension. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7080100. [PMID: 32824651 PMCID: PMC7465273 DOI: 10.3390/children7080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The alveolar and vascular developmental arrest in the premature infants poses a major problem in the management of these infants. Although, with the current management, the survival rate has improved in these infants, but bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious complication associated with a high mortality rate. During the neonatal developmental period, these infants are vulnerable to stress. Hypoxia, hyperoxia, and ventilation injury lead to oxidative and inflammatory stress, which induce further damage in the lung alveoli and vasculature. Development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in infants with BPD worsens the prognosis. Despite considerable progress in the management of premature infants, therapy to prevent BPD is not yet available. Animal experiments have shown deregulation of multiple signaling factors such as transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), caveolin-1, wingless & Int-1 (WNT)/β-catenin, and elastin in the pathogenesis of BPD. This article reviews the signaling pathways entailed in the pathogenesis of BPD associated with PH and the possible management.
Collapse
|
24
|
Chao CM, Chong L, Chu X, Shrestha A, Behnke J, Ehrhardt H, Zhang J, Chen C, Bellusci S. Targeting Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension (BPD-PH): Potential Role of the FGF Signaling Pathway in the Development of the Pulmonary Vascular System. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081875. [PMID: 32796770 PMCID: PMC7464452 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 50 years after the first description of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) by Northway, this chronic lung disease affecting many preterm infants is still poorly understood. Additonally, approximately 40% of preterm infants suffering from severe BPD also suffer from Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH), leading to a significant increase in total morbidity and mortality. Until today, there is no curative therapy for both BPD and BPD-PH available. It has become increasingly evident that growth factors are playing a central role in normal and pathologic development of the pulmonary vasculature. Thus, this review aims to summarize the recent evidence in our understanding of BPD-PH from a basic scientific point of view, focusing on the potential role of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/FGF10 signaling pathway contributing to disease development, progression and resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (X.C.); (A.S.)
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.B.); (H.E.)
- Correspondence: (C.-M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Lei Chong
- Institute of Pediatrics, National Key Clinical Specialty of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Discipline of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;
| | - Xuran Chu
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (X.C.); (A.S.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (X.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Judith Behnke
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.B.); (H.E.)
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.B.); (H.E.)
| | - Jinsan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, Life Science Institute, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (X.C.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.-M.C.); (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dorry SJ, Ansbro BO, Ornitz DM, Mutlu GM, Guzy RD. FGFR2 Is Required for AEC2 Homeostasis and Survival after Bleomycin-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:608-621. [PMID: 31860803 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0079oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury is central to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Epithelial FGF (fibroblast growth factor) signaling is essential for recovery from hyperoxia- and influenza-induced lung injury, and treatment with FGFs is protective in experimental lung injury. The cell types involved in the protective effect of FGFs are not known. We hypothesized that FGF signaling in type II AECs (AEC2s) is critical in bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice with tamoxifen-inducible deletion of FGFR1-3 (fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3) in surfactant protein C-positive (SPC+) AEC2s (SPC triple conditional knockout [SPC-TCKO]). In the absence of injury, SPC-TCKO mice had fewer AEC2s, decreased Sftpc (surfactant protein C gene) expression, increased alveolar diameter, and increased collagen deposition. After intratracheal bleomycin administration, SPC-TCKO mice had increased mortality, lung edema, and BAL total protein, and flow cytometry and immunofluorescence revealed a loss of AEC2s. To reduce mortality of SPC-TCKO mice to less than 50%, a 25-fold dose reduction of bleomycin was required. Surviving bleomycin-injured SPC-TCKO mice had increased collagen deposition, fibrosis, and ACTA2 expression and decreased epithelial gene expression. Inducible inactivation of individual Fgfr2 or Fgfr3 revealed that Fgfr2, but not Fgfr3, was responsible for the increased mortality and lung injury after bleomycin administration. In conclusion, AEC2-specific FGFR2 is critical for survival in response to bleomycin-induced lung injury. These data also suggest that a population of SPC+ AEC2s require FGFR2 signaling for maintenance in the adult lung. Preventing epithelial FGFR inhibition and/or activating FGFRs in alveolar epithelium may therefore represent a novel approach to treating lung injury and reducing fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Dorry
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Brandon O Ansbro
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Robert D Guzy
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rabata A, Fedr R, Soucek K, Hampl A, Koledova Z. 3D Cell Culture Models Demonstrate a Role for FGF and WNT Signaling in Regulation of Lung Epithelial Cell Fate and Morphogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:574. [PMID: 32850782 PMCID: PMC7396690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
FGF signaling plays an essential role in lung development, homeostasis, and regeneration. We employed mouse 3D cell culture models and imaging to study ex vivo the role of FGF ligands and the interplay of FGF signaling with epithelial growth factor (EGF) and WNT signaling pathways in lung epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation. In non-adherent conditions, FGF signaling promoted formation of lungospheres from lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LSPCs). Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analyses showed that LSPCs produced more differentiated lung cell progeny. In a 3D extracellular matrix, FGF2, FGF7, FGF9, and FGF10 promoted lung organoid formation. FGF9 showed reduced capacity to promote lung organoid formation, suggesting that FGF9 has a reduced ability to sustain LSPC survival and/or initial divisions. FGF7 and FGF10 produced bigger organoids and induced organoid branching with higher frequency than FGF2 or FGF9. Higher FGF concentration and/or the use of FGF2 with increased stability and affinity to FGF receptors both increased lung organoid and lungosphere formation efficiency, respectively, suggesting that the level of FGF signaling is a crucial driver of LSPC survival and differentiation, and also lung epithelial morphogenesis. EGF signaling played a supportive but non-essential role in FGF-induced lung organoid formation. Analysis of tissue architecture and cell type composition confirmed that the lung organoids contained alveolar-like regions with cells expressing alveolar type I and type II cell markers, as well as airway-like structures with club cells and ciliated cells. FGF ligands showed differences in promoting distinct lung epithelial cell types. FGF9 was a potent inducer of more proximal cell types, including ciliated and basal cells. FGF7 and FGF10 directed the differentiation toward distal lung lineages. WNT signaling enhanced the efficiency of lung organoid formation, but in the absence of FGF10 signaling, the organoids displayed limited branching and less differentiated phenotype. In summary, we present lung 3D cell culture models as useful tools to study the role and interplay of signaling pathways in postnatal lung development and homeostasis, and we reveal distinct roles for FGF ligands in regulation of mouse lung morphogenesis and differentiation ex vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anas Rabata
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Radek Fedr
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Karel Soucek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ales Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Koledova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Domingo-Gonzalez R, Zanini F, Che X, Liu M, Jones RC, Swift MA, Quake SR, Cornfield DN, Alvira CM. Diverse homeostatic and immunomodulatory roles of immune cells in the developing mouse lung at single cell resolution. eLife 2020; 9:e56890. [PMID: 32484158 PMCID: PMC7358008 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
At birth, the lungs rapidly transition from a pathogen-free, hypoxic environment to a pathogen-rich, rhythmically distended air-liquid interface. Although many studies have focused on the adult lung, the perinatal lung remains unexplored. Here, we present an atlas of the murine lung immune compartment during early postnatal development. We show that the late embryonic lung is dominated by specialized proliferative macrophages with a surprising physical interaction with the developing vasculature. These macrophages disappear after birth and are replaced by a dynamic mixture of macrophage subtypes, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and lymphocytes. Detailed characterization of macrophage diversity revealed an orchestration of distinct subpopulations across postnatal development to fill context-specific functions in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunity. These data both broaden the putative roles for immune cells in the developing lung and provide a framework for understanding how external insults alter immune cell phenotype during a period of rapid lung growth and heightened vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Racquel Domingo-Gonzalez
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Fabio Zanini
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Xibing Che
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Min Liu
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Robert C Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Michael A Swift
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - David N Cornfield
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Evidence for Overlapping and Distinct Biological Activities and Transcriptional Targets Triggered by Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2b Signaling between Mid- and Early Pseudoglandular Stages of Mouse Lung Development. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051274. [PMID: 32455591 PMCID: PMC7290466 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Branching morphogenesis is the basic developmental mode common to organs such as the lungs that undergo a process of ramification from a rudimentary tree. However, the precise molecular and cellular bases underlying the formation of branching organs are still unclear. As inactivation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (Fgfr2b) signaling during early development leads to lung agenesis, thereby preventing the analysis of this pathway at later developmental stages, we used transgenic mice to induce expression of a soluble form of Fgfr2b to inactivate Fgfr2b ligands at embryonic day (E) 14.5, corresponding to the mid-pseudoglandular stage of lung development. We identified an Fgfr2b signaling signature comprised of 46 genes enriched in the epithelium, some of which were common to, but most of them distinct from, the previously identified Fgfr2b signaling signature at E12.5. Our results indicate that Fgfr2b signaling at E14.5 controls mostly proliferation and alveolar type 2 cell (AT2) differentiation. In addition, inhibition of Fgfr2b signaling at E14.5 leads to morphological and cellular impairment at E18.5, with defective alveolar lineage formation. Further studies will have to be conducted to elucidate the role of Fgfr2b signaling at successive stages (canalicular/saccular/alveolar) of lung development as well as during homeostasis and regeneration and repair after injury.
Collapse
|
29
|
Yin Y, Ornitz DM. FGF9 and FGF10 activate distinct signaling pathways to direct lung epithelial specification and branching. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/621/eaay4353. [PMID: 32127497 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aay4353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) 9 and 10 are essential during the pseudoglandular stage of lung development. Mesothelium-produced FGF9 is principally responsible for mesenchymal growth, whereas epithelium-produced FGF9 and mesenchyme-produced FGF10 guide lung epithelial development, and loss of either of these ligands affects epithelial branching. Because FGF9 and FGF10 activate distinct FGF receptors (FGFRs), we hypothesized that they would control distinct developmental processes. Here, we found that FGF9 signaled through epithelial FGFR3 to directly promote distal epithelial fate specification and inhibit epithelial differentiation. By contrast, FGF10 signaled through epithelial FGFR2b to promote epithelial proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, FGF9-FGFR3 signaling functionally opposed FGF10-FGFR2b signaling, and FGFR3 preferentially used downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, whereas FGFR2b relied on downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. These data demonstrate that, within lung epithelial cells, different FGFRs function independently; they bind receptor-specific ligands and direct distinct developmental functions through the activation of distinct downstream signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Yin
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Goodwin K, Mao S, Guyomar T, Miller E, Radisky DC, Košmrlj A, Nelson CM. Smooth muscle differentiation shapes domain branches during mouse lung development. Development 2019; 146:dev.181172. [PMID: 31645357 DOI: 10.1242/dev.181172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During branching morphogenesis, a simple cluster of cells proliferates and branches to generate an arborized network that facilitates fluid flow. The overall architecture of the mouse lung is established by domain branching, wherein new branches form laterally off the side of an existing branch. The airway epithelium develops concomitantly with a layer of smooth muscle that is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme. Here, we examined the role of smooth muscle differentiation in shaping emerging domain branches. We found that the position and morphology of domain branches are highly stereotyped, as is the pattern of smooth muscle that differentiates around the base of each branch. Perturbing the pattern of smooth muscle differentiation genetically or pharmacologically causes abnormal domain branching. Loss of smooth muscle results in ectopic branching and decreases branch stereotypy. Increased smooth muscle suppresses branch initiation and extension. Computational modeling revealed that epithelial proliferation is insufficient to generate domain branches and that smooth muscle wrapping is required to shape the epithelium into a branch. Our work sheds light on the physical mechanisms of branching morphogenesis in the mouse lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Goodwin
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Sheng Mao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tristan Guyomar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Erin Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Andrej Košmrlj
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA .,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shrestha A, Carraro G, Nottet N, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Herold S, Cordero J, Singh I, Wilhelm J, Barreto G, Morty R, El Agha E, Mari B, Chen C, Zhang JS, Chao CM, Bellusci S. A critical role for miR-142 in alveolar epithelial lineage formation in mouse lung development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2817-2832. [PMID: 30887098 PMCID: PMC11105218 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory epithelium arises from alveolar epithelial progenitors which differentiate into alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) cells. AT2 cells are stem cells in the lung critical for the repair process after injury. Mechanisms regulating AT1 and AT2 cell maturation are poorly defined. We report that the activation of the glucocorticoid pathway in an in vitro alveolar epithelial lineage differentiation assay led to increased AT2 marker Sftpc and decreased miR-142 expression. Using miR-142 KO mice, we demonstrate an increase in the AT2/AT1 cell number ratio. Overexpression of miR-142 in alveolar progenitor cells in vivo led to the opposite effect. Examination of the KO lungs at E18.5 revealed enhanced expression of miR-142 targets Apc, Ep300 and Kras associated with increased β-catenin and p-Erk signaling. Silencing of miR-142 expression in lung explants grown in vitro triggers enhanced Sftpc expression as well as increased AT2/AT1 cell number ratio. Pharmacological inhibition of Ep300-β-catenin but not Erk in vitro prevented the increase in Sftpc expression triggered by loss of miR-142. These results suggest that the glucocorticoid-miR-142-Ep300-β-catenin signaling axis controls pneumocyte maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Shrestha
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Nottet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR 7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
- Universite Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Lung Cancer Epigenetics, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, DZL), Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Indrabahadur Singh
- Lung Cancer Epigenetics, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, DZL), Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- Lung Cancer Epigenetics, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, DZL), Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Rory Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernard Mari
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR 7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Sophia Antipolis, France
- Universite Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Gießen, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chao CM, Moiseenko A, Kosanovic D, Rivetti S, El Agha E, Wilhelm J, Kampschulte M, Yahya F, Ehrhardt H, Zimmer KP, Barreto G, Rizvanov AA, Schermuly RT, Reiss I, Morty RE, Rottier RJ, Bellusci S, Zhang JS. Impact of Fgf10 deficiency on pulmonary vasculature formation in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:1429-1444. [PMID: 30566624 PMCID: PMC6466116 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by alveoli simplification and dysmorphic pulmonary microvasculature, is a chronic lung disease affecting prematurely born infants. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important BPD feature associated with morbidity and mortality. In human BPD, inflammation leads to decreased fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) expression but the impact on the vasculature is so far unknown. We used lungs from Fgf10+/- versus Fgf10+/+ pups to investigate the effect of Fgf10 deficiency on vascular development in normoxia (NOX) and hyperoxia (HOX, BPD mouse model). To assess the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (Fgfr2b) ligands independently of early developmentaldefects, we used an inducible double transgenic system in mice allowing inhibition of Fgfr2b ligands activity. Using vascular morphometry, we quantified the pathological changes. Finally, we evaluated changes in FGF10, surfactant protein C (SFTPC), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) and alpha-smooth muscle actin 2 (α-SMA) expression in human lung samples from patients suffering from BPD. In NOX, no major difference in the lung vasculature between Fgf10+/- and control pups was detected. In HOX, a greater loss of blood vessels in Fgf10+/- lungs is associated with an increase of poorly muscularized vessels. Fgfr2b ligands inhibition postnatally in HOX is sufficient to decrease the number of blood vessels while increasing the level of muscularization, suggesting a PH phenotype. BPD lungs exhibited decreased FGF10, SFTPC and PECAM but increased α-SMA. Fgf10 deficiency-associated vascular defects are enhanced in HOX and could represent an additional cause of morbidity in human patients with BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Djuro Kosanovic
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefano Rivetti
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Marian Kampschulte
- Department of Radiology, Justus-Liebig-University, University Hospital Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Faady Yahya
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Zimmer
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Irwin Reiss
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rory E Morty
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Robbert J Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
May AJ, Teshima THN, Noble A, Tucker AS. FGF10 is an essential regulator of tracheal submucosal gland morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2019; 451:158-166. [PMID: 30965042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mucus secretion and mucociliary clearance are crucial processes required to maintain pulmonary homeostasis. In the trachea and nasal passages, mucus is secreted by submucosal glands (SMGs) that line the airway, with an additional contribution from goblet cells of the surface airway epithelium. The SMG mucus is rich in mucins and antimicrobial enzymes. Defective tracheal SMGs contribute to hyper-secretory respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, however little is known about the signals that regulate their morphogenesis and patterning. Here, we show that Fgf10 is essential for the normal development of murine tracheal SMGs, with gland development arresting at the early bud stage in the absence of FGF10 signalling. As Fgf10 knockout mice are lethal at birth, inducible knockdown of Fgf10 at late embryonic stages was used to follow postnatal gland formation, confirming the essential role of FGF10 in SMG development. In heterozygous Fgf10 mice the tracheal glands formed but with altered morphology and restricted distribution. The reduction in SMG branching in Fgf10 heterozygous mice was not rescued with time and resulted in a reduction in overall tracheal mucus secretion. Fgf10 is therefore a key signal in SMG development, influencing both the number of glands and extent of branching morphogenesis, and is likely, therefore, to play a role in aspects of SMG-dependent respiratory health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison J May
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Tathyane H N Teshima
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alistair Noble
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail S Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jones MR, Dilai S, Lingampally A, Chao CM, Danopoulos S, Carraro G, Mukhametshina R, Wilhelm J, Baumgart-Vogt E, Al Alam D, Chen C, Minoo P, Zhang JS, Bellusci S. A Comprehensive Analysis of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2b Signaling on Epithelial Tip Progenitor Cells During Early Mouse Lung Branching Morphogenesis. Front Genet 2019; 9:746. [PMID: 30728831 PMCID: PMC6351499 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that FGF10/FGFR2b signaling on distal epithelial progenitor cells, via ß-catenin/EP300, controls, through a comprehensive set of developmental genes, morphogenesis, and differentiation. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 10 signaling through FGF receptor 2b (FGFR2b) is mandatory during early lung development as the deletion of either the ligand or the receptor leads to lung agenesis. However, this drastic phenotype previously hampered characterization of the primary biological activities, immediate downstream targets and mechanisms of action. Through the use of a dominant negative transgenic mouse model (Rosa26rtTA; tet(o)sFgfr2b), we conditionally inhibited FGF10 signaling in vivo in E12.5 embryonic lungs via doxycycline IP injection to pregnant females, and in vitro by culturing control and experimental lungs with doxycycline. The impact on branching morphogenesis 9 h after doxycycline administration was analyzed by morphometry, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Gene arrays at 6 and 9 h following doxycycline administration were carried out. The relationship between FGF10 and ß-catenin signaling was also analyzed through in vitro experiments using IQ1, a pharmacological inhibitor of ß-catenin/EP300 transcriptional activity. Loss of FGF10 signaling did not impact proliferation or survival, but affected both adherens junctions (up-regulation of E-cadherin), and basement membrane organization (increased laminin). Gene arrays identified multiple direct targets of FGF10, including main transcription factors. Immunofluorescence showed a down-regulation of the distal epithelial marker SOX9 and mis-expression distally of the proximal marker SOX2. Staining for the transcriptionally-active form of ß-catenin showed a reduction in experimental vs. control lungs. In vitro experiments using IQ1 phenocopied the impacts of blocking FGF10. This study demonstrates that FGF10/FGFR2b signaling on distal epithelial progenitor cells via ß-catenin/EP300 controls, through a comprehensive set of developmental genes, cell adhesion, and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Jones
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Salma Dilai
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Arun Lingampally
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Soula Danopoulos
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Regina Mukhametshina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jin San Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang, China.,International Collaborative Research Center on Growth Factors, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Member of the German Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.,Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang, China.,International Collaborative Research Center on Growth Factors, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Volckaert T, Yuan T, Yuan J, Boateng E, Hopkins S, Zhang JS, Thannickal VJ, Fässler R, De Langhe SP. Hippo signaling promotes lung epithelial lineage commitment by curbing Fgf10 and β-catenin signaling. Development 2019; 146:146/2/dev166454. [PMID: 30651296 DOI: 10.1242/dev.166454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organ growth and tissue homeostasis rely on the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cell populations. In the developing lung, localized Fgf10 expression maintains distal Sox9-expressing epithelial progenitors and promotes basal cell differentiation in the cartilaginous airways. Mesenchymal Fgf10 expression is induced by Wnt signaling but inhibited by Shh signaling, and epithelial Fgf10 signaling activates β-catenin signaling. The Hippo pathway is a well-conserved signaling cascade that regulates organ size and stem/progenitor cell behavior. Here, we show that Hippo signaling promotes lineage commitment of lung epithelial progenitors by curbing Fgf10 and β-catenin signaling. Our findings show that both inactivation of the Hippo pathway (nuclear Yap) or ablation of Yap result in increased β-catenin and Fgf10 signaling, suggesting a cytoplasmic role for Yap in epithelial lineage commitment. We further demonstrate redundant and non-redundant functions for the two nuclear effectors of the Hippo pathway, Yap and Taz, during lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Volckaert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Tingting Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Eistine Boateng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Seantel Hopkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.,Division of Oncology Research and Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stijn P De Langhe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lang C, Conrad L, Michos O. Mathematical Approaches of Branching Morphogenesis. Front Genet 2018; 9:673. [PMID: 30631344 PMCID: PMC6315180 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organs require a high surface to volume ratio to properly function. Lungs and kidneys, for example, achieve this by creating highly branched tubular structures during a developmental process called branching morphogenesis. The genes that control lung and kidney branching share a similar network structure that is based on ligand-receptor reciprocal signalling interactions between the epithelium and the surrounding mesenchyme. Nevertheless, the temporal and spatial development of the branched epithelial trees differs, resulting in organs of distinct shape and size. In the embryonic lung, branching morphogenesis highly depends on FGF10 signalling, whereas GDNF is the driving morphogen in the kidney. Knockout of Fgf10 and Gdnf leads to lung and kidney agenesis, respectively. However, FGF10 plays a significant role during kidney branching and both the FGF10 and GDNF pathway converge on the transcription factors ETV4/5. Although the involved signalling proteins have been defined, the underlying mechanism that controls lung and kidney branching morphogenesis is still elusive. A wide range of modelling approaches exists that differ not only in the mathematical framework (e.g., stochastic or deterministic) but also in the spatial scale (e.g., cell or tissue level). Due to advancing imaging techniques, image-based modelling approaches have proven to be a valuable method for investigating the control of branching events with respect to organ-specific properties. Here, we review several mathematical models on lung and kidney branching morphogenesis and suggest that a ligand-receptor-based Turing model represents a potential candidate for a general but also adaptive mechanism to control branching morphogenesis during development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Odyssé Michos
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wu J, Chu X, Chen C, Bellusci S. Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 in Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation During Lung Development and Disease. Front Genet 2018; 9:545. [PMID: 30487814 PMCID: PMC6246629 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During organogenesis and pathogenesis, fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10) regulates mesenchymal cell differentiation in the lung. Different cell types reside in the developing lung mesenchyme. Lineage tracing in vivo was used to characterize these cells during development and disease. Fgf10-positive cells in the early lung mesenchyme differentiate into multiple lineages including smooth muscle cells (SMCs), lipofibroblasts (LIFs) as well as other cells, which still remain to be characterized. Fgf10 signaling has been reported to act both in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. Autocrine Fgf10 signaling is important for the differentiation of LIF progenitors. Interestingly, autocrine Fgf10 signaling also controls the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes. As the mechanism of action of Fgf10 on adipocyte differentiation via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ) signaling is quite well established, this knowledge could be instrumental for identifying drugs capable of sustaining LIF differentiation in the context of lung injury. We propose that enhanced LIF differentiation could be associated with improved repair. On the other hand, paracrine signaling is considered to be critical for the differentiation of alveolar epithelial progenitors during development as well as for the maintenance of the alveolar type 2 (AT2) stem cells during homeostasis. Alveolar myofibroblasts (MYFs), which are another type of mesenchymal cells critical for the process of alveologenesis (the last phase of lung development) express high levels of Fgf10 and are also dependent for their formation on Fgf signaling. The characterization of the progenitors of alveolar MYFs as well the mechanisms involved in their differentiation is paramount as these cells are considered to be critical for lung regeneration. Finally, lineage tracing in the context of lung fibrosis demonstrated a reversible differentiation from LIF to "activated" MYF during fibrosis formation and resolution. FGF10 expression in the lungs of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) vs. donors as well as progressive vs. stable IPF patients supports our conclusion that FGF10 deficiency could be causative for IPF progression. The therapeutic application of recombinant human FGF10 is therefore very promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuran Chu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Prince LS. FGF10 and Human Lung Disease Across the Life Spectrum. Front Genet 2018; 9:517. [PMID: 30429870 PMCID: PMC6220039 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases impact patients across the lifespan, from infants in the first minutes of life through the aged population. Congenital abnormalities of lung structure can cause lung disease at birth or make adults more susceptible to chronic disease. Continuous inhalation of atmospheric components also requires the lung to be resilient to cellular injury. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) regulates multiple stages of structural lung morphogenesis, cellular differentiation, and the response to injury. As a driver of lung airway branching morphogenesis, FGF10 signaling defects during development lead to neonatal lung disease. Alternatively, congenital airway abnormalities attributed to FGF10 mutations increase the risk of chronic airway disease in adulthood. FGF10 also maintains progenitor cell populations in the airway and promotes alveolar type 2 cell expansion and differentiation following injury. Here we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms linking FGF10 to multiple lung diseases, from bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm neonates, cystic fibrosis in children, and chronic adult lung disorders. Understanding the connections between FGF10 and lung diseases may lead to exciting new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence S Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yuan T, Volckaert T, Chanda D, Thannickal VJ, De Langhe SP. Fgf10 Signaling in Lung Development, Homeostasis, Disease, and Repair After Injury. Front Genet 2018; 9:418. [PMID: 30319693 PMCID: PMC6167454 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is morphologically structured into a complex tree-like network with branched airways ending distally in a large number of alveoli for efficient oxygen exchange. At the cellular level, the adult lung consists of at least 40–60 different cell types which can be broadly classified into epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cells. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10) located in the lung mesenchyme is essential to regulate epithelial proliferation and lineage commitment during embryonic development and post-natal life, and to drive epithelial regeneration after injury. The cells that express Fgf10 in the mesenchyme are progenitors for mesenchymal cell lineages during embryonic development. During adult lung homeostasis, Fgf10 is expressed in mesenchymal stromal niches, between cartilage rings in the upper conducting airways where basal cells normally reside, and in the lipofibroblasts adjacent to alveolar type 2 cells. Fgf10 protects and promotes lung epithelial regeneration after different types of lung injuries. An Fgf10-Hippo epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk ensures maintenance of stemness and quiescence during homeostasis and basal stem cell (BSC) recruitment to further promote regeneration in response to injury. Fgf10 signaling is dysregulated in different human lung diseases including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), suggesting that dysregulation of the FGF10 pathway is critical to the pathogenesis of several human lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
| | - Thomas Volckaert
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
| | - Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
| | - Stijn P De Langhe
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Meyerholz DK, Stoltz DA, Gansemer ND, Ernst SE, Cook DP, Strub MD, LeClair EN, Barker CK, Adam RJ, Leidinger MR, Gibson-Corley KN, Karp PH, Welsh MJ, McCray PB. Lack of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator disrupts fetal airway development in pigs. J Transl Med 2018; 98:825-838. [PMID: 29467455 PMCID: PMC6019641 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function causes cystic fibrosis (CF), predisposing the lungs to chronic infection and inflammation. In young infants with CF, structural airway defects are increasingly recognized before the onset of significant lung disease, which suggests a developmental origin and a possible role in lung disease pathogenesis. The role(s) of CFTR in lung development is unclear and developmental studies in humans with CF are not feasible. Young CF pigs have structural airway changes and develop spontaneous postnatal lung disease similar to humans; therefore, we studied lung development in the pig model (non-CF and CF). CF trachea and proximal airways had structural lesions detectable as early as pseudoglandular development. At this early developmental stage, budding CF airways had smaller, hypo-distended lumens compared to non-CF airways. Non-CF lung explants exhibited airway lumen distension in response to forskolin/IBMX as well as to fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-10, consistent with CFTR-dependent anion transport/secretion, but this was lacking in CF airways. We studied primary pig airway epithelial cell cultures and found that FGF10 increased cellular proliferation (non-CF and CF) and CFTR expression/function (in non-CF only). In pseudoglandular stage lung tissue, CFTR protein was exclusively localized to the leading edges of budding airways in non-CF (but not CF) lungs. This discreet microanatomic localization of CFTR is consistent with the site, during branching morphogenesis, where airway epithelia are responsive to FGF10 regulation. In summary, our results suggest that the CF proximal airway defects originate during branching morphogenesis and that the lack of CFTR-dependent anion transport/liquid secretion likely contributes to these hypo-distended airways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - David A Stoltz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nick D Gansemer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sarah E Ernst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cook
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Matthew D Strub
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erica N LeClair
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Carrie K Barker
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ryan J Adam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mariah R Leidinger
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Philip H Karp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael J Welsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li J, Wang Z, Chu Q, Jiang K, Li J, Tang N. The Strength of Mechanical Forces Determines the Differentiation of Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Dev Cell 2018; 44:297-312.e5. [PMID: 29408236 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of alveolar epithelial type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) cells is essential for the lung gas exchange function. Disruption of this process results in neonatal death or in severe lung diseases that last into adulthood. We developed live imaging techniques to characterize the mechanisms that control alveolar epithelial cell differentiation. We discovered that mechanical forces generated from the inhalation of amniotic fluid by fetal breathing movements are essential for AT1 cell differentiation. We found that a large subset of alveolar progenitor cells is able to protrude from the airway epithelium toward the mesenchyme in an FGF10/FGFR2 signaling-dependent manner. The cell protrusion process results in enrichment of myosin in the apical region of protruded cells; this myosin prevents these cells from being flattened by mechanical forces, thereby ensuring their AT2 cell fate. Our study demonstrates that mechanical forces and local growth factors synergistically control alveolar epithelial cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qiqi Chu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 China
| | - Kewu Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 China
| | - Juan Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Nan Tang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liang S, Johansson E, Barila G, Altschuler DL, Fagman H, Nilsson M. A branching morphogenesis program governs embryonic growth of the thyroid gland. Development 2018; 145:dev.146829. [PMID: 29361553 PMCID: PMC5825846 DOI: 10.1242/dev.146829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The developmental program that regulates thyroid progenitor cell proliferation is largely unknown. Here, we show that branching-like morphogenesis is a driving force to attain final size of the embryonic thyroid gland in mice. Sox9, a key factor in branching organ development, distinguishes Nkx2-1+ cells in the thyroid bud from the progenitors that originally form the thyroid placode in anterior endoderm. As lobes develop the thyroid primordial tissue branches several generations. Sox9 and Fgfr2b are co-expressed distally in the branching epithelium prior to folliculogenesis. The thyroid in Fgf10 null mutants has a normal shape but is severely hypoplastic. Absence of Fgf10 leads to defective branching and disorganized angiofollicular units although Sox9/Fgfr2b expression and the ability of cells to differentiate and form nascent follicles are not impaired. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of thyroid development reminiscent of the Fgf10-Sox9 program that characterizes organogenesis in classical branching organs, and provide clues to aid understanding of how the endocrine thyroid gland once evolved from an exocrine ancestor present in the invertebrate endostyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ellen Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Barila
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Daniel L Altschuler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-41345, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Human airway branch variation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E974-E981. [PMID: 29339516 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715564115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) beyond cigarette smoking is incompletely understood, although several genetic variants associated with COPD are known to regulate airway branch development. We demonstrate that in vivo central airway branch variants are present in 26.5% of the general population, are unchanged over 10 y, and exhibit strong familial aggregation. The most common airway branch variant is associated with COPD in two cohorts (n = 5,054), with greater central airway bifurcation density, and with emphysema throughout the lung. The second most common airway branch variant is associated with COPD among smokers, with narrower airway lumens in all lobes, and with genetic polymorphisms within the FGF10 gene. We conclude that central airway branch variation, readily detected by computed tomography, is a biomarker of widely altered lung structure with a genetic basis and represents a COPD susceptibility factor.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
To survive the transition to extrauterine life, newborn infants must have lungs that provide an adequate surface area and volume to allow for gas exchange. The dynamic activities of fetal breathing movements and accumulation of lung luminal fluid are key to fetal lung development throughout the various phases of lung development and growth, first by branching morphogenesis, and later by septation. Because effective gas exchange is essential to survival, pulmonary hypoplasia is among the leading findings on autopsies of children dying in the newborn period. Management of infants born prematurely who had disrupted lung development, especially at the pre-glandular or canalicular periods, may be challenging, but limited success has been reported. Growing understanding of stem cell biology and mechanical development of the lung, and how to apply them clinically, may lead to new approaches that will lead to better outcomes for these patients.
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu X, Liu Y, Li X, Zhao J, Geng Y, Ning W. Follistatin like-1 (Fstl1) is required for the normal formation of lung airway and vascular smooth muscle at birth. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177899. [PMID: 28574994 PMCID: PMC5456059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fstl1, a secreted protein of the BMP antagonist class, has been implicated in the regulation of lung development and alveolar maturation. Here we generated a Fstl1-lacZ reporter mouse line as well as a Fstl1 knockout allele. We localized Fstl1 transcript in lung smooth muscle cells and identified Fstl1 as essential regulator of lung smooth muscle formation. Deletion of Fstl1 in mice led to postnatal death as a result of respiratory failure due to multiple defects in lung development. Analysis of the mutant phenotype showed impaired airway smooth muscle (SM) manifested as smaller SM line in trachea and discontinued SM surrounding bronchi, which were associated with decreased transcriptional factors myocardin/serum response factor (SRF) and impaired differentiation of SM cells. Fstl1 knockout mice also displayed abnormal vasculature SM manifested as hyperplasia SM in pulmonary artery. This study indicates a pivotal role for Fstl1 in early stage of lung airway smooth muscle development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Habiel DM, Hogaboam CM. Heterogeneity of Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts in Pulmonary Fibrosis. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 5:101-110. [PMID: 29082111 PMCID: PMC5654579 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is the most common form of interstitial lung diseases of unknown eathiopathogenesis, mean survival of 3-5 years and limited therapeutics. Characterized by a loss of alveolar type II epithelial cells and aberrant activation of stromal cells, considerable effort was undertaken to characterize the origin and activation mechanisms of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in IPF lungs. In this review, the origin and contribution of fibroblast and myofibroblasts in lung fibrosis will be summarized. RECENT FINDINGS Lineage tracing experiments suggested that interstitial lung fibroblasts and lipofibroblasts, pericytes and mesothelial cells differentiate into myofibroblasts. However, epithelial and bone marrow derived cells may give rise to collagen expressing fibroblasts but do not differentiate into myofibroblasts. SUMMARY There is great heterogeneity in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in fibrotic lungs. Further, there is evidence for the expansion of pericyte derived myofibroblasts and loss of lipofibroblasts and lipofibroblast derived myofibroblasts in IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Habiel
- Department of Medicine and Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Cory M. Hogaboam
- Department of Medicine and Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Moiseenko A, Kheirollahi V, Chao CM, Ahmadvand N, Quantius J, Wilhelm J, Herold S, Ahlbrecht K, Morty RE, Rizvanov AA, Minoo P, El Agha E, Bellusci S. Origin and characterization of alpha smooth muscle actin-positive cells during murine lung development. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1566-1578. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Moiseenko
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Vahid Kheirollahi
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Jennifer Quantius
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Katrin Ahlbrecht
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Rory E. Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University; Kazan Russia
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine; University of Southern California, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Elie El Agha
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Giessen Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University; Kazan Russia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Efficient Derivation of Functional Human Airway Epithelium from Pluripotent Stem Cells via Temporal Regulation of Wnt Signaling. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:844-857.e6. [PMID: 28366587 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Effective derivation of functional airway organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) would provide valuable models of lung disease and facilitate precision therapies for airway disorders such as cystic fibrosis. However, limited understanding of human airway patterning has made this goal challenging. Here, we show that cyclical modulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway enables rapid directed differentiation of human iPSCs via an NKX2-1+ progenitor intermediate into functional proximal airway organoids. We find that human NKX2-1+ progenitors have high levels of Wnt activation but respond intrinsically to decreases in Wnt signaling by rapidly patterning into proximal airway lineages at the expense of distal fates. Using this directed approach, we were able to generate cystic fibrosis patient-specific iPSC-derived airway organoids with a defect in forskolin-induced swelling that is rescued by gene editing to correct the disease mutation. Our approach has many potential applications in modeling and drug screening for airway diseases.
Collapse
|
49
|
Chao CM, Yahya F, Moiseenko A, Tiozzo C, Shrestha A, Ahmadvand N, El Agha E, Quantius J, Dilai S, Kheirollahi V, Jones M, Wilhem J, Carraro G, Ehrhardt H, Zimmer KP, Barreto G, Ahlbrecht K, Morty RE, Herold S, Abellar RG, Seeger W, Schermuly R, Zhang JS, Minoo P, Bellusci S. Fgf10 deficiency is causative for lethality in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Pathol 2016; 241:91-103. [PMID: 27770432 DOI: 10.1002/path.4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation-induced FGF10 protein deficiency is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of prematurely born infants characterized by arrested alveolar development. So far, experimental evidence for a direct role of FGF10 in lung disease is lacking. Using the hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury as a mouse model of BPD, the impact of Fgf10 deficiency in Fgf10+/- versus Fgf10+/+ pups was investigated. In normoxia, no lethality of Fgf10+/+ or Fgf10+/- pups was observed. By contrast, all Fgf10+/- pups died within 8 days of hyperoxic injury, with lethality starting at day 5, whereas Fgf10+/+ pups were all alive. Lungs of pups from the two genotypes were collected on postnatal day 3 following normoxia or hyperoxia exposure for further analysis. In hyperoxia, Fgf10+/- lungs exhibited increased hypoalveolarization. Analysis by FACS of the Fgf10+/- versus control lungs in normoxia revealed a decreased ratio of alveolar epithelial type II (AECII) cells over total Epcam-positive cells. In addition, gene array analysis indicated reduced AECII and increased AECI transcriptome signatures in isolated AECII cells from Fgf10+/- lungs. Such an imbalance in differentiation is also seen in hyperoxia and is associated with reduced mature surfactant protein B and C expression. Attenuation of the activity of Fgfr2b ligands postnatally in the context of hyperoxia also led to increased lethality with decreased surfactant expression. In summary, decreased Fgf10 mRNA levels lead to congenital lung defects, which are compatible with postnatal survival, but which compromise the ability of the lungs to cope with sub-lethal hyperoxic injury. Fgf10 deficiency affects quantitatively and qualitatively the formation of AECII cells. In addition, Fgfr2b ligands are also important for repair after hyperoxia exposure in neonates. Deficient AECII cells could be an additional complication for patients with BPD. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,University Children's Hospital Gießen, Division of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Faady Yahya
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Caterina Tiozzo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Quantius
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Salma Dilai
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Vahid Kheirollahi
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthew Jones
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhem
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Division of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Zimmer
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Division of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- LOEWE Research Group, Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Katrin Ahlbrecht
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rosanna G Abellar
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Werner Seeger
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ralph Schermuly
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, PR China
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, PR China.,Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Danopoulos S, Krainock M, Toubat O, Thornton M, Grubbs B, Al Alam D. Rac1 modulates mammalian lung branching morphogenesis in part through canonical Wnt signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1036-L1049. [PMID: 27765763 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00274.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung branching morphogenesis relies on a number of factors, including proper epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, cell polarity, and migration. Rac1, a small Rho GTPase, orchestrates a number of these cellular processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, cellular alignment, and polarization. Furthermore, Rac1 modulates both noncanonical and canonical Wnt signaling, important pathways in lung branching morphogenesis. Culture of embryonic mouse lung explants in the presence of the Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in branching. Increased cell death and BrdU uptake were notably seen in the mesenchyme, while no direct effect on the epithelium was observed. Moreover, vasculogenesis was impaired following Rac1 inhibition as shown by decreased Vegfa expression and impaired LacZ staining in Flk1-Lacz reporter mice. Rac1 inhibition decreased Fgf10 expression in conjunction with many of its associated factors. Moreover, using the reporter lines TOPGAL and Axin2-LacZ, there was an evident decrease in canonical Wnt signaling in the explants treated with the Rac1 inhibitor. Activation of canonical Wnt pathway using WNT3a or WNT7b only partially rescued the branching inhibition. Moreover, these results were validated on human explants, where Rac1 inhibition resulted in impaired branching and decreased AXIN2 and FGFR2b expression. We therefore conclude that Rac1 regulates lung branching morphogenesis, in part through canonical Wnt signaling. However, the exact mechanisms by which Rac1 interacts with canonical Wnt in human and mouse lung requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soula Danopoulos
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Krainock
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Omar Toubat
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew Thornton
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brendan Grubbs
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; .,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| |
Collapse
|