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Li Q, Song K, Feng T, Zhang J, Fang X. Machine learning identifies different related factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation in Chinese children and adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:24-35. [PMID: 38844165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and suicidal ideation often co-occur in children and adolescents, yet they possess distinct characteristics. This study sought to identify the different related factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation. METHODS A nationwide cross-sectional survey collected data from Chinese children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 (N = 160,962; 48.91 % girls). The survey included inquiries about demographics, depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, perceived stress, academic burnout, internet addiction, non-suicidal self-injury, bullying, and being bullied. Fifteen machine learning algorithms were conducted to identify the different related factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation. Additionally, we conducted external validation on an independent sample of 1,812,889 children and adolescents. RESULTS Our findings revealed seven related factors linked to depression and six associated with suicidal ideation, with average accuracy rates of 86.86 % and 85.82 %, respectively. For depression, the most influential factors were anxiety, perceived stress, academic burnout, internet addiction, non-suicidal self-injury, experience of bullying, and age. Similarly, anxiety, non-suicidal self-injury, perceived stress, internet addiction, academic burnout, and age emerged as paramount factors for suicidal ideation. Moreover, these related factors showed notable variations in their predictive capacities for depression and suicidal ideation across different subgroups. CONCLUSION Anxiety emerged as the predominant shared factor for both depression and suicidal ideation, whereas the other related factors displayed distinct predictive patterns for each condition. These findings highlight the critical need for tailored strategies from public mental health service providers and policymakers to address the pressing concerns of depression and suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Li
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kunru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Beijing Mind Data & Analysis Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Kim S, Dunn N, Moon K, Casement MD, Nam Y, Yeom JW, Cho CH, Lee HJ. Childhood maltreatment and suicide attempts in major depression and bipolar disorders in South Korea: A prospective nationwide cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:120-127. [PMID: 38851432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment (CM) is prevalent among patients with mood disorders and considered an important risk factor for suicide in the general population. Despite mood disorders being implicated in up to 60 % of completed suicides, the predictive role of CM on suicide attempt (SA) among early mood disorder patients remains poorly understood. METHODS We enrolled 480 participants diagnosed with early-onset major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar I disorder (BD I), and bipolar II disorder (BD II). Over an average of 60 weeks, participants underwent follow-up assessments at 12-week intervals. Using multivariate logistic regression, we examined the association between CM and SA history at baseline. Further, the Cox proportional hazard model assessed the predictive role of childhood maltreatment in SA during follow-up. RESULTS At baseline, 38 % of the total participants reported SA history, with a follow-up prevalence of 10 %. Childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with past SAs and was a robust predictor of future SA, adjusting for relevant clinical risk factors. Emotional abuse and sexual abuse related to SA history, and physical abuse increased future SA risk. LIMITATIONS Potential biases in reporting SA and childhood maltreatment, along with unexplored factors such as additional environmental and familial risks, may affect the study's findings. CONCLUSIONS Childhood maltreatment emerged as a robust predictor of SA among early-onset mood disorder patients. Systematic evaluation of CM early in the clinical process may be crucial for effective risk management. Additionally, our findings highlight the importance of implementing proactive interventions for CM to prevent the onset of adverse psychological trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojeong Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Natalie Dunn
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Kibum Moon
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Yaerim Nam
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Yeom
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wallace AL, Courtney KE, Wade NE, Doran N, Delfel EL, Baca R, Hatz LE, Thompson C, Andrade G, Jacobus J. A preliminary investigation of physical and mental health features of cannabis & nicotine co-use among adolescents and young adults by sex. Addict Behav 2024; 156:108064. [PMID: 38821010 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cannabis and nicotine/tobacco products (NTP) are commonly co-used in adolescence and young adulthood; however, limited research has been done on predictive health behaviors to co-use. The current study is a preliminary investigation into the relationships of modifiable health behaviors on cannabis and NTP co-use in adolescents and young adults. METHOD 221 participants (ages 16-22) were characterized into cannabis use only (N = 55), NTP use only (N = 20), cannabis and NTP co-use (used cannabis and NTP; N = 96) and control (no use; N = 50) groups based on past 30-day use. Self-report measures for physical activity, sleep quality, mental health, and reward responsivity were utilized. Participants were given a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Logistic regressions of self-report measures and fluid intelligence composite scores on substance use group status were run stratified by sex. RESULTS Higher approach reward sensitivity traits were associated with increased likelihood of cannabis use only (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.15, p = .036) in female participants. Increased aerobic activity was associated with decreased likelihood of cannabis use only (OR = 0.91, p = .047) and cannabis and NTP co-use (OR = 0.88, p = .007) in female participants. Higher anxiety was associated with increased likelihood of cannabis NTP co-use (OR = 1.51, p = 0.025) in male participants. DISCUSSION Several health behaviors were linked with cannabis use and cannabis and NTP co-use in both females and male adolescents and young adults. Health markers differed by sex suggesting differing mechanisms of substance co-use. This study informs targetable health behaviors for prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Wallace
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kelly E Courtney
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natasha E Wade
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Neal Doran
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Everett L Delfel
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; SDSU / UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, USA
| | - Rachel Baca
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Laura E Hatz
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Courtney Thompson
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gianna Andrade
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joanna Jacobus
- University of California San Diego, Psychiatry Department, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Amos TJ, Guragai B, Rao Q, Li W, Jin Z, Zhang J, Li L. Task functional networks predict individual differences in the speed of emotional facial discrimination. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120715. [PMID: 38945182 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Every individual experiences negative emotions, such as fear and anger, significantly influencing how external information is perceived and processed. With the gradual rise in brain-behavior relationship studies, analyses investigating individual differences in negative emotion processing and a more objective measure such as the response time (RT) remain unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by establishing that the individual differences in the speed of negative facial emotion discrimination can be predicted from whole-brain functional connectivity when participants were performing a face discrimination task. Employing the connectome predictive modeling (CPM) framework, we demonstrated this in the young healthy adult group from the Human Connectome Project-Young Adults (HCP-YA) dataset and the healthy group of the Boston Adolescent Neuroimaging of Depression and Anxiety (BANDA) dataset. We identified distinct network contributions in the adult and adolescent predictive models. The highest represented brain networks involved in the adult model predictions included representations from the motor, visual association, salience, and medial frontal networks. Conversely, the adolescent predictive models showed substantial contributions from the cerebellum-frontoparietal network interactions. Finally, we observed that despite the successful within-dataset prediction in healthy adults and adolescents, the predictive models failed in the cross-dataset generalization. In conclusion, our study shows that individual differences in the speed of emotional facial discrimination can be predicted in healthy adults and adolescent samples using their functional connectivity during negative facial emotion processing. Future research is needed in the derivation of more generalizable models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toluwani Joan Amos
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Bishal Guragai
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Qianru Rao
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Zhenlan Jin
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
| | - Ling Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
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Pandey AR, Adhikari B, Bista B, Lamichhane B, Joshi D, K C SP, Sharma S, Baral S. Prevalence, determinants and care-seeking behaviour for anxiety and depression in Nepalese population: a secondary analysis of data from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078582. [PMID: 39107021 PMCID: PMC11308907 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression and the care-seeking behaviour among Nepalese population. DESIGN AND SETTINGS Secondary analysis of the data from nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022. PARTICIPANTS Analysed data of 12 355 participants (7442 females and 4913 males) aged 15-49 years. OUTCOME MEASURES Depression and anxiety were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) tools, respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We performed weighted analysis to account for the complex survey design. We presented categorical variables as frequency, per cent and 95% confidence interval (CI), whereas numerical variables were presented as median, inter-quartile range (IQR) and 95% CI. We performed univariate and multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with anxiety and depression, and results were presented as crude OR (COR), adjusted OR (AOR) and their 95% CI. RESULTS The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 4.0% (95% CI 3.5 to 4.5) and 17.7% (95% CI 16.5 to 18.9), respectively. Divorced or separated participants were found to have higher odds of developing anxiety (AOR 2.40, 95% CI 1.74 to 3.31) and depression (AOR 3.16, 95% CI 1.84 to 5.42). Among ethnic groups, Janajati had lower odds of developing anxiety (AOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92) and depression (AOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.93) compared with Brahmin/Chhetri. Regarding disability, participants with some difficulty had higher odds of developing anxiety (AOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.10) and depression (AOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.49), and those with a lot of difficulty had higher odds of anxiety (AOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.96) and depression (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.90) compared with those without any disability. Among those who had symptoms of anxiety or depression, only 32.9% (95% CI 30.4 to 34.4) sought help for the conditions. CONCLUSIONS Marital status and disability status were positively associated with anxiety and depression, whereas Janajati ethnicity had relatively lower odds of experiencing anxiety and depression. It is essential to develop interventions and policies targeting females and divorced individuals to help reduce the burden of anxiety and depression in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Raj Pandey
- HERD International, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Nepal Health Economics Association, Kathmandu, Nepal
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Lyu N, Wang H, Zhao Q, Fu B, Li J, Yue Z, Huang J, Yang F, Liu H, Zhang L, Li R. Peripheral biomarkers to differentiate bipolar depression from major depressive disorder: a real-world retrospective study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:543. [PMID: 39085797 PMCID: PMC11293032 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar depression (BPD) is often misdiagnosed as a major depressive disorder (MDD) in clinical practice, which may be attributed to a lack of robust biomarkers indicative of differentiated diagnosis. This study analysed the differences in various hormones and inflammatory markers to explore peripheral biomarkers that differentiate BPD from MDD patients. METHODS A total of 2,048 BPD and MDD patients were included. A panel of blood tests was performed to determine the levels of sex hormones, stress hormones, and immune-related indicators. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for the effect of potential confounders between two groups and further a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the potential biomarkers for differentiating BPD from MDD. RESULTS Compared to patients with MDD, patients with BPD expressed a longer duration of illness, more hospitalisations within five years, and an earlier age of onset, along with fewer comorbid psychotic symptoms. In terms of biochemical parameters, MDD patients presented higher IgA and IgM levels, while BPD patients featured more elevated neutrophil and monocyte counts. ROC analysis suggested that combined biological indicators and clinical features could moderately distinguish between BPD and MDD. In addition, different biological features exist in BPD and MDD patients of different ages and sexes. CONCLUSIONS Differential peripheral biological parameters were observed between BPD and MDD, which may be age-sex specific, and a combined diagnostic model that integrates clinical characteristics and biochemical indicators has a moderate accuracy in distinguishing BPD from MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Ziqi Yue
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Rena Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
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Karatayev O, Collier AD, Targoff SR, Leibowitz SF. Neurological Disorders Induced by Drug Use: Effects of Adolescent and Embryonic Drug Exposure on Behavioral Neurodevelopment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8341. [PMID: 39125913 PMCID: PMC11313660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies demonstrate that the risk of developing neurological disorders is increased by overconsumption of the commonly used drugs, alcohol, nicotine and cannabis. These drug-induced neurological disorders, which include substance use disorder (SUD) and its co-occurring emotional conditions such as anxiety and depression, are observed not only in adults but also with drug use during adolescence and after prenatal exposure to these drugs, and they are accompanied by long-lasting disturbances in brain development. This report provides overviews of clinical and preclinical studies, which confirm these adverse effects in adolescents and the offspring prenatally exposed to the drugs and include a more in-depth description of specific neuronal systems, their neurocircuitry and molecular mechanisms, affected by drug exposure and of specific techniques used to determine if these effects in the brain are causally related to the behavioral disturbances. With analysis of further studies, this review then addresses four specific questions that are important for fully understanding the impact that drug use in young individuals can have on future pregnancies and their offspring. Evidence demonstrates that the adverse effects on their brain and behavior can occur: (1) at low doses with short periods of drug exposure during pregnancy; (2) after pre-conception drug use by both females and males; (3) in subsequent generations following the initial drug exposure; and (4) in a sex-dependent manner, with drug use producing a greater risk in females than males of developing SUDs with emotional conditions and female offspring after prenatal drug exposure responding more adversely than male offspring. With the recent rise in drug use by adolescents and pregnant women that has occurred in association with the legalization of cannabis and increased availability of vaping tools, these conclusions from the clinical and preclinical literature are particularly alarming and underscore the urgent need to educate young women and men about the possible harmful effects of early drug use and to seek novel therapeutic strategies that might help to limit drug use in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah F. Leibowitz
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; (O.K.); (S.R.T.)
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Mubarak E, Cleman J, Romain G, Mena-Hurtado C, Smolderen KG. Addressing Psychosocial Care Needs in Women with Peripheral Artery Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11886-024-02106-6. [PMID: 39073508 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-024-02106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a growing global epidemic. Women with PAD are at elevated risk of experiencing psychosocial stressors that influence the diagnosis, management, and course of their illness due to unique sex- and gender-based factors. RECENT FINDINGS We review existing evidence for increased psychosocial risk in women with PAD with a focus on mood disorders, chronic stress, pain experiences, substance use disorders, health behaviors and illness perceptions, and healthcare access. We discuss how these factors exacerbate PAD symptomatology and lead to adverse outcomes. Existing gaps in women's vascular care are reviewed and potential solutions to bridge these gaps through psychosocial care integration are proposed. Current care paradigms for women's vascular care do not adequately screen for and address psychosocial comorbidities. Clinician education, integration of evidence-based psychological care strategies, implementation of workflows for the management of individuals with PAD and mental health comorbidities, reform to reimbursement structures, and further advocacy are needed in this space. This review provides a construct for integrated behavioral health care for women with PAD and advocates for further integration of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mubarak
- Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program (VAMOS), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jacob Cleman
- Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program (VAMOS), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Gaëlle Romain
- Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program (VAMOS), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Carlos Mena-Hurtado
- Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program (VAMOS), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - Kim G Smolderen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program (VAMOS), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
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Hong Y, Hu J, Zhang S, Liu J, Yan F, Yang H, Hu H. Integrative analysis identifies region- and sex-specific gene networks and Mef2c as a mediator of anxiety-like behavior. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114455. [PMID: 38990717 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying multi-brain region origins and sexual dimorphism of anxiety remain unclear. Here, we leverage large-scale transcriptomics from seven brain regions in mouse models of anxiety and extensive experiments to dissect brain-region- and sex-specific gene networks. We identify 4,840 genes with sex-specific expression alterations across seven brain regions, organized into ten network modules with sex-biased expression patterns. Modular analysis prioritizes 86 sex-specific mediators of anxiety susceptibility, including myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2c (Mef2c) in the CA3 region of male mice. Mef2c expression is decreased in the pyramidal neurons (PyNs) of susceptible male mice. Up-regulating Mef2c in CA3 PyNs significantly alleviates anxiety-like behavior, whereas down-regulating Mef2c induces anxiety-like behavior in male mice. The anxiolytic effect of Mef2c up-regulation is associated with enhanced neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. In summary, this study uncovers brain-region- and sex-specific networks and identifies Mef2c in CA3 PyNs as a critical mediator of anxiety in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Hong
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiameng Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Brolin Låftman S, Östberg V, Wahlström J, Ramstedt M, Raninen J. Exposure to parental problem drinking during adolescence and symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adulthood: A Swedish national cohort study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39031436 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research has shown associations between parental problem drinking and adverse mental health outcomes in children. However, while many studies assess parental alcohol problems based on clinical measures, longitudinal studies that investigate the impact of potentially less severe levels of parental alcohol problems are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine if the existence and severity of child-reported parental problem drinking in adolescence is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adult men and women. METHODS Data was obtained from the Swedish national cohort study Futura01, including 3143 participants born in 2001 who were surveyed in 2017 (age 15-16) and 2022 (age 20-21). Parental problem drinking was measured at age 15-16 with the short version of The Children of Alcoholics Screening Test. Depression and anxiety symptoms were measured at age 20-21 with the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Registry information on gender, parental education and parental country of birth were included as covariates. RESULTS The results demonstrated an exposure-response pattern, with greater severity of parental problem drinking associated with an increased probability of reporting depression and anxiety symptoms 5 years later. The association between parental problem drinking and subsequent depression symptoms was however present only in females. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Adolescents exposed to parental problem drinking have elevated risks of long-term adverse mental health. These risks increase with greater severity of parental problem drinking. It is thus crucial with efforts preventing parental problem drinking and efforts promoting health among children and adolescents who are exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brolin Låftman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viveca Östberg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Wahlström
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Ramstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Raninen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Casarrubea M, Aiello S, Crescimanno G, Cassar D, Busuttil Z, Faulisi F, Iacono A, Di Giovanni G. Sex-dependent behavioral effects of chronic nicotine during adolescence evaluated in young adult rats tested in Hole-Board. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 133:111034. [PMID: 38795824 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
As one of the leading causes of death and serious illnesses, tobacco smoking remains a significant issue in modern societies. Many individuals smoke during adolescence, a trend that has been exacerbated by the prevalence of vaping among young people. In this context, studying the behavioral effects induced by nicotine administration in male and female rats, during the adolescent period, assumes great importance because it can help to better understand the dynamics underlying tobacco use in the two sexes. For this purpose, we employed 4 groups of rats, 2 male and 2 female groups, chronically treated with saline or nicotine 3 mg/kg i.p. for 30 days, spanning from postnatal day 30 to postnatal day 60. Utilizing quantitative analyses and T-pattern detection and analysis, our findings revealed a complex and multifaceted behavioral reorganization in adolescent rats subjected to chronic nicotine administration. Specifically, we observed an increase of anxiety in males and a reduction in females. The distinctive structural changes, induced by chronic nicotine in both sexes, have significant implications, from a translational perspective, for studies on nicotine dependence disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Casarrubea
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefania Aiello
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Crescimanno
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel Cassar
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Zachary Busuttil
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Fabiana Faulisi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Iacono
- Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology, Human Physiology Section "Giuseppe Pagano", Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; School of Biosciences, Neuroscience Division, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Myers T, Birmingham EA, Rhoads BT, McGrath AG, Miles NA, Schuldt CB, Briand LA. Post-weaning social isolation alters sociability in a sex-specific manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.11.603129. [PMID: 39026733 PMCID: PMC11257562 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.11.603129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for brain development in humans and stress exposure during this time can have lasting effects on behavior and brain development. Social isolation and loneliness are particularly salient stressors that lead to detrimental mental health outcomes particularly in females, although most of the preclinical work on social isolation has been done in male animals. Our lab has developed a model of post-weaning adolescent social isolation that leads to increased drug reward sensitivity and altered neuronal structure in limbic brain regions. The current study utilized this model to determine the impact of adolescent social isolation on a three-chamber social interaction task both during adolescence and adulthood. We found that while post-weaning isolation does not alter social interaction during adolescence (PND45), it has sex-specific effects on social interaction in adulthood (PND60), potentiating social interaction in male mice and decreasing it in female mice. As early life stress can activate microglia leading to alterations in neuronal pruning, we next examined the impact of inhibiting microglial activation with daily minocycline administration during the first three weeks of social isolation on these changes in social interaction. During adolescence, minocycline dampened social interaction in male mice, while having no effect in females. In contrast, during adulthood, minocycline did not alter the impact of adolescent social isolation in males, with socially isolated males exhibiting higher levels of social interaction compared to their group housed counterparts. In females, adolescent minocycline treatment reversed the effect of social isolation leading to increased social interaction in the social isolation group, mimicking what is seen in naïve males. Taken together, adolescent social isolation leads to sex-specific effects on social interaction in adulthood and adolescent minocycline treatment alters the effects of social isolation in females, but not males.
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13
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López-Montón M, Aonso-Diego G, Estévez A. Emotional Distress and Body Dissatisfaction: The Mediating Role of Social Media and Emotional Regulation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:580. [PMID: 39062403 PMCID: PMC11274327 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body dissatisfaction is defined as a negative attitude towards one's body, characterized by emotional disorders. Currently, problematic use of social media seems to be associated with an increase in body dissatisfaction and emotional distress. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between emotional distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) and body dissatisfaction, as well as the mediating role of emotional regulation and problematic social media use in this relationship. In addition, the study aims to identify sex differences in the four research variables. METHODS Measures of the four variables mentioned above were administered to 2520 participants over 18 (M = 48.35; SD = 16.56, 51% females). RESULTS The results reveal that women reported higher levels of emotional regulation, emotional distress, body dissatisfaction, and problematic use of social media. Emotional distress correlated with problematic use of social media, emotion regulation strategies (i.e., rumination and catastrophizing), and body dissatisfaction. The relationship between emotional distress and body dissatisfaction was mediated by the problematic use of social media and emotional regulation. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the relevance of educating social media users on strategies for emotional regulation. The results highlight the clinical importance of including the emotion regulation approach to a comprehensive understanding of body dissatisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Estévez
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbo, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (G.A.-D.)
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14
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Law M, Pickering I, Humphrey G, Sebaratnam G, Schamberg G, Simpson K, Varghese C, Du P, Daker C, Huang IH, Khalsa SS, Gharibans A, O'Grady G, Andrews CN, Calder S. Development and validation of the Alimetry Gut-Brain Wellbeing Survey: a novel patient-reported mental health scale for patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1389671. [PMID: 39040963 PMCID: PMC11262055 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1389671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective There is currently a lack of validated questionnaires designed specifically to assess mental health within patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms. This research describes the multi-phase process used to develop and validate a novel mental health scale for patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms, the Alimetry® Gut-Brain Wellbeing (AGBW) Survey. Methods A patient-centered multi-phase process was implemented. In Phase 1, the most relevant concepts for this patient population were selected from existing mental health scales, using data from 79 patients. In Phase 2, an interdisciplinary panel of experts generated scale items. In Phase 3, the scale underwent pre-testing with gastroenterologists (n = 9), health psychologists (n = 3), and patients (n = 12), with feedback incorporated over multiple rounds. Lastly, the psychometric properties of the scale were assessed in a sample of 311 patients via an online survey. Results The AGBW Survey comprises a patient preface, 10 close-ended questions, and an optional open-ended question. This multidimensional scale assesses general mental health, alongside specific subscales relating to depression, stress, and anxiety. The subscale and total scores demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.91 for the total scale; α = 0.72-0.86 for subscales) and good convergent, divergent, concurrent validity, and known groups validity, with large effect sizes. Conclusion The AGBW Survey is a brief, valid, and reliable scale for assessing mental health in patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms. It can be used as a tool to complement physiological tests and has the potential to guide psychological referrals, inform multidisciplinary management, and evaluate treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela Law
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Isabella Pickering
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gayl Humphrey
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Gabriel Schamberg
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katie Simpson
- Department of General Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris Varghese
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peng Du
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte Daker
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Gastroenterology, Te Whatu Ora - Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - I-Hsuan Huang
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sahib S. Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Armen Gharibans
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Greg O'Grady
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Insides Company, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christopher N. Andrews
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- The Division of Gastroenterology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stefan Calder
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Alimetry Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Boparai JK, Dunnett S, Wu M, Tassone VK, Duffy SF, Zuluaga Cuartas V, Chen Z, Jung H, Sabiston CM, Lou W, Bhat V. The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and the Weekly Duration of Physical Activity Subset by Intensity and Domain: Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey From 2007 to 2018. Interact J Med Res 2024; 13:e48396. [PMID: 38968593 PMCID: PMC11259767 DOI: 10.2196/48396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior literature suggests a dose-response relationship between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms. The intensity and domain of PA are suggested to be critical to its protective effect against depression; however, existing literature has shown mixed results. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this population-based study is to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and weekly duration of (1) total PA and (2) PA subset by intensity, domain, or both. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2007 to 2018 was conducted using multivariable logistic and linear regression models and survey weights. Participants (N=29,730) were 20 years and older and completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire and Depression Screener. The primary outcome was the presence of depressive symptoms, and the secondary outcomes were cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms of depression. RESULTS Participants (N=29,730) had a weighted mean age of 47.62 (SD 16.99) years, and 15,133 (51.34%) were female. On average, participants without depressive symptoms engaged in 10.87 hours of total PA per week, whereas participants with depressive symptoms engaged in 8.82 hours (P<.001). No significant associations were seen between the weekly duration of total PA and depressive symptom odds, somatic, or cognitive-affective symptoms (all P>.05). Participants with an increased weekly duration of recreational PA had decreases in depressive symptom odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.965, 95% CI 0.944-0.986) and in somatic (adjusted coefficient [aβ]=-0.016, 95% CI -0.022 to -0.009) and cognitive-affective (aβ=-0.015, 95% CI -0.023 to -0.007) symptoms. When recreational PA was subset by intensity, participants with an increased weekly duration of vigorous-intensity recreational PA had decreases in depressive symptom odds (aOR 0.926, 95% CI 0.883-0.972) and in somatic (aβ=-0.021, 95% CI -0.032 to -0.010) and cognitive-affective (aβ=-0.022, 95% CI -0.035 to -0.009) symptoms. However, significant associations were not seen for the weekly duration of work-related, moderate- or vigorous-intensity PAs (all P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that recreational, not work-related PA is associated with reduced symptoms of depression. Future studies should explore the impact of the different types and contexts of PA on depressive symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josheil K Boparai
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Dunnett
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Wu
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa K Tassone
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sophie F Duffy
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ziming Chen
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy Lou
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Mental Health and Addictions Services, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Roland A, Staring L, Van Puyvelde M, McGlone F, Mairesse O. Sleep, Mental Health, and the Need for Physical and Real-Life Social Contact with (Non-)Family Members during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bayesian Network Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3954. [PMID: 38999517 PMCID: PMC11242234 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The forced social isolation implemented to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus was accompanied by a worsening of mental health, an increase in insomnia symptoms, and the emergence of 'skin hunger'-an increased longing for personal touch. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the interconnection between sleep, mental health, and the need for physical (NPC) and real-life social contact (NRL-SC). Methods: A total of 2827 adults participated in an online survey during the second COVID-19 lockdown. A Bayesian Gaussian copula graphical model (BGCGM) and a Bayesian-directed acyclic graph (DAG) were estimated, and mixed ANOVAs were carried out. Results: NPC with non-family members (t(2091) = 12.55, p < 0.001, d = 0.27) and relational lifestyle satisfaction (t(2089) = 13.62, p < 0.001, d = 0.30) were lower during the second lockdown than before the pandemic. In our BGCGM, there were weak positive edges between the need for PC and RL-SC on one hand and sleep and mental health on the other. Conclusions: During the second lockdown, people craved less physical contact with non-family members and were less satisfied with their relational lifestyle than before the pandemic. Individuals with a greater need for PC and RL-SC reported poorer mental health (i.e., worry, depression, and mental fatigue).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Roland
- Brain, Body and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Brussels University Consultation Center, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louise Staring
- Brain, Body and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Vital Signs and PERformance Monitoring (VIPER), LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Van Puyvelde
- Brain, Body and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Vital Signs and PERformance Monitoring (VIPER), LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Clinical and Lifespan Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- School of Natural Sciences & Psychology, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Francis McGlone
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Olivier Mairesse
- Brain, Body and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Brussels University Consultation Center, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Vital Signs and PERformance Monitoring (VIPER), LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et Addictologie, CHU/UVC Brugmann, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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El Zahran T, Hammoud L, Salam R, Salam Y, Kazzi Z, Tamim H, Hitti E. Sex differences among patients with intentional poisoning presenting to the emergency Department at a Tertiary Care Centre in Beirut, Lebanon. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38965652 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Poisoning poses a worldwide public health challenge and recent data from Lebanon in 2020 revealed that over half patients presenting with acute toxicological exposure intentionally poisoned themselves, primarily with suspected suicidal intent. This study aims to assess sex disparities in intentional toxicological exposures among patients presenting to the Emergency Department, at a tertiary care centre in Lebanon. This was a secondary analysis of an existing toxicological database, including patients aged 6 years and older admitted due to acute overdose from March 2015 to August 2022. A total of 444 cases of intentional poisoning were analysed, with 302 (68.0%) women. The primary cause of intentional poisoning was suspected suicide in both sexes, significantly more common in women (85.1% versus 65.5%, P < 0.001). Specific agents exposed to patients varied by sex; sedatives/hypnotics/antipsychotics, antihistamines, and melitracen/flupentixol were significantly more prevalent in women (P < 0.001) while men showed higher prevalence for ethanol (P = 0.02), stimulants, street drugs and opioids (P < 0.001). Our study underscores substantial sex differences in intentional poisoning cases in Lebanon. Women exhibited a higher likelihood of exposures to sedatives/hypnotics/antipsychotics, antihistamines and melitracen/flupentixol, while stimulant drugs, ethanol, and opioids were prevalent in men. Developing proper and effective sex-specific measures may mitigate potential physical and psychological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharwat El Zahran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lina Hammoud
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Salam
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Salam
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Kazzi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eveline Hitti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
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Forys BJ, Winstanley CA, Kingstone A, Todd RM. Short-Term Memory Capacity Predicts Willingness to Expend Cognitive Effort for Reward. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0068-24.2024. [PMID: 38866500 PMCID: PMC11218033 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0068-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We must often decide whether the effort required for a task is worth the reward. Past rodent work suggests that willingness to deploy cognitive effort can be driven by individual differences in perceived reward value, depression, or chronic stress. However, many factors driving cognitive effort deployment-such as short-term memory ability-cannot easily be captured in rodents. Furthermore, we do not fully understand how individual differences in short-term memory ability, depression, chronic stress, and reward anticipation impact cognitive effort deployment for reward. Here, we examined whether these factors predict cognitive effort deployment for higher reward in an online visual short-term memory task. Undergraduate participants were grouped into high and low effort groups (n HighEffort = 348, n LowEffort = 81; n Female = 332, n Male = 92, M Age = 20.37, Range Age = 16-42) based on decisions in this task. After completing a monetary incentive task to measure reward anticipation, participants completed short-term memory task trials where they could choose to encode either fewer (low effort/reward) or more (high effort/reward) squares before reporting whether or not the color of a target square matched the square previously in that location. We found that only greater short-term memory ability predicted whether participants chose a much higher proportion of high versus low effort trials. Drift diffusion modeling showed that high effort group participants were more biased than low effort group participants toward selecting high effort trials. Our findings highlight the role of individual differences in cognitive effort ability in explaining cognitive effort deployment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Forys
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Catharine A Winstanley
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alan Kingstone
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rebecca M Todd
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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19
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Robinson MD, Irvin RL, Asad MR. Threat sensitivity in emotion dynamics: Negativity effects and sex differences. Behav Res Ther 2024; 178:104542. [PMID: 38648683 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Evolutionary theorizing has given rise to the idea that responding to any particular threat may be more mandatory than responding to any particular reward. The present three experiments (total N = 375) sought to provide support for this perspective in an emotion dynamics task in which participants continuously rated their affective state in response to appetitive (reward-related) versus aversive (threat-related) images. Even when equating images for arousal and extremity, several negativity effects (e.g., steeper reactivity slopes in response to aversive images) were found. These negativity effects can serve as an experimental model of threat sensitivity, which should predispose some individuals, more than others, to symptoms related to fear and anxiety. This point was made with respect to sex differences, given that women (relative to men) are diagnosed with anxiety disorders at higher rates. Sex differences were pronounced and extensions of this work, both basic and applied, are proposed.
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20
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Inci Izmir SB, Korkmazlar Ü, Ercan ES. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy in Adolescents With Panic Disorder: A Twelve-Week Follow-Up Study. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:966-981. [PMID: 37328192 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231184757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in adolescents with panic disorder (PD). This follow-up study consists of 30 adolescents with PD without agoraphobia, aged 14-17 (15.53 ± .97). They were evaluated with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present, also the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered at baseline, at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. EMDR therapy which is an eight-phase treatment approach composed of standardized protocols and procedures was applied for 12 weeks, one session per week. The baseline mean of the total PAS score decreased from 40.06 to 13.13 at fourth week and 1.2 at the end of 12th week of treatment. In addition, BAI score decreased significantly from 33.67 to 13.83 at 4 weeks and 5.31 at the end of 12th week of treatment. Overall, our results underscore the effectiveness of EMDR in adolescents with PD. Moreover, the current study suggests that EMDR may represent an effective intervention technique for PD in adolescents to protect against relapses and to overcome a fear of future attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Berrin Inci Izmir
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute on Social Science, Isık University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ümran Korkmazlar
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Sabri Ercan
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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21
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Ward L. Worry-YING and Worry-YANG: A Critical Feminist Study with Women Who Worry. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024; 45:715-723. [PMID: 38901022 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2346591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Gender is a critical determinant of mental health and well-being. Women are at greater risk of mental illness due to gender-based violence, economic disadvantage, and low social status. Women experience higher levels of acute and chronic stress and are twice as likely to be diagnosed with anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder is a serious public health problem affecting 1:3 people worldwide, and according to WHO's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), a key symptom of anxiety is excessive worry. Few studies, however, have explored worry as a precursor to anxiety, and fewer have explored worry in relation to gender. This critical feminist study aimed to explore this phenomenon and identify the impact of worry on women and their mental health and well-being. Methods: Forty-five women living in Melbourne, Australia, participated in this qualitative study. They attended a 1-h semi-structured interview with the researcher to define and discuss worry and identify any impact or effect worry or worrying has had on their life as women. Results: The findings revealed that women worry about children, money, work, study, and violence against women. Conclusions: This study builds on the existing knowledge of the mental health and well-being of women, supports early intervention strategies to prevent anxiety disorder and long-term health risks; and meets the core objectives of the National Women's Health Strategy 2020-2030 to 'Improve the health and wellbeing of all women and girls in Australia'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Ward
- Nursing, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
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Zhou Y, Xi C. Commentary: Mastery is central: an examination of complex interrelationships between physical health, stress and adaptive cognition, and social connection with depression and anxiety symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1437227. [PMID: 38979504 PMCID: PMC11228289 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1437227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhou
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Xi
- Department of Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Thanachoksawang C, Arphorn S, Jarupat Maruo S, Punneng S, Ishimaru T, Bangkadanara G. Psychological Distress Among High School Students in Bangkok Thailand. Health Psychol Res 2024; 12:120045. [PMID: 38915787 PMCID: PMC11196123 DOI: 10.52965/001c.120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated psychological distress among high school students in Thailand.A sample of 8,345 students from thirty-five Bangkok schools voluntarily participated, responding to a questionnaire and undergoing stress assessments. Socio-demographic factors including grade level, school scale, hometown, parental marital status, presence of siblings, gender, health conditions, online classes, and family monthly income were analyzed. Results Of the participants, 1,087 (13.02%) experienced psychological distress. Grade level, school scale, hometown, parental marital status, and siblings' presence showed no significant associations with distress. However, being female or transgender correlated with higher distress levels. Students with health issues and those in online classes also experienced elevated distress. Additionally, a family monthly income below 10,000 Thai Baht was associated with distress. Conclusion This study sheds light on factors contributing to psychological distress in high school students. It highlights the need for tailored support for vulnerable groups within the student population, emphasizing the role of educators, policymakers, and mental health professionals in addressing these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Thanachoksawang
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sara Arphorn
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchinda Jarupat Maruo
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwatsa Punneng
- Health Science Programs, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Tomohiro Ishimaru
- Department of Medical Humanities, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Regnoli GM, Tiano G, De Rosa B. Serial Mediation Models of Future Anxiety and Italian Young Adults Psychological Distress: The Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Non-Pathological Worry. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1834-1852. [PMID: 38921087 PMCID: PMC11202537 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14060121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has already examined the relationship between Future Anxiety, a construct recently introduced in Italy, and mental health in young adults, although possible mediating variables in this relationship have so far never been investigated. The present study attempts to fill this gap by exploring the incidence of Future Anxiety on psychological distress (i.e., Stress, Anxiety and Depression) in a group of 302 young Italian adults (18-30 years; M = 21.9; SD = 2.6; 49.0% males; 51.0% females), presenting and evaluating the simultaneous mediating effect of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Non-Pathological Worry. Findings highlighted how Future Anxiety had a positive and significant direct effect on Stress and Depression, but not on Anxiety. In the three serial mediation models proposed, Intolerance of Uncertainty and Non-Pathological Worry mediated the relationship between Future Anxiety and mental health outcomes. The results also confirmed the hypothesized serial mediation effect by highlighting how young adults with greater Future Anxiety experienced more Intolerance of Uncertainty, which positively affected Non-Pathological Worry levels and, in turn, exacerbated psychological distress. Finally, results indicated that female participants experienced more Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in relation to Future Anxiety compared to males. Starting from the review of main references on this subject, the results discussed provide new insights for understanding youth psychological distress. Finally, practical implications for the design of supportive interventions for this study's target group are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara De Rosa
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, Italy; (G.M.R.); (G.T.)
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25
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Frasier RM, Sergio TDO, Starski PA, Hopf FW. Heart rate variability: A primer for alcohol researchers. Alcohol 2024; 120:41-50. [PMID: 38906390 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Problem alcohol drinking remains a major cost and burden for society. Also, rates of problem drinking in women have dramatically increased in recent decades, and women are at risk for more alcohol problems and comorbidities. The purpose of this commentary is to discuss the potential utility of cardiac measures, including heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV), as markers of individual and sex differences in the drive to drink alcohol. We recently used cardiac telemetry in female and male adult rats to determine whether different cardiac markers, including HR and HRV, would differently predict alcohol and anxiety-like behavior across the sexes. Indeed, female behaviors related to HRV measures that indicate more parasympathetic (PNS) influence (the "rest and digest" system). In contrast, male behaviors are associated more with sympathetic (SNS) indicators (the activation system). Remarkably, similar sex differences in PNS versus SNS engagement under challenge are seen in several human studies, suggesting strong cross-species convergence in differential autonomic regulation in females and males. Here, we describe the larger challenges that alcohol addiction presents, and how HRV measures may provide new biomarkers to help enhance development of more individualized and sex-specific treatments. We briefly explain the physiological systems underlying cardiac PNS and SNS states, and how specific HRV metrics are defined and validated, especially why particular HRV measures are considered to reflect more PNS versus SNS influence. Finally, we describe hormonal influences and sex differences in brain circuits related to cardiac autonomic regulation. Together, these findings show that HR and HRV have potential for uncovering key underlying mechanisms of sex and individual differences in autonomic drivers, which could guide more personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raizel M Frasier
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Thatiane de Oliveira Sergio
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Phillip A Starski
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - F Woodward Hopf
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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26
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Hirai A, Toda C, Yohannes YB, Collins N, Tamba M, Nomiyama K, Eguchi A, Hoshi N, Hirano T, Nakayama SMM, Ishizuka M, Ikenaka Y. Role of brain monoamines in acetamiprid-induced anxiety-like behavior. Toxicology 2024; 505:153839. [PMID: 38782113 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid (NN) pesticides have been linked to increased brain dysfunction in mammals, such as anxiety-like behavior; this is thought to involve monoamines (MA), neurotransmitters that control behavior, memory, and learning. However, the mechanism by which NNs affect the central nervous system is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether MAs affect NNs-induced anxiety-like behavior. Mice were orally administered acetamiprid (ACE), an NN, at the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of mouse (20 mg/kg body mass) set by the Food Safety Commission of Japan, and the elevated zero-maze (EZM) test was performed 30 min after administration. After behavioral analysis, levels of four MA (dopamine, 3-MT, serotonin, and histamine) in selected brain regions were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In the exposed group, a trend toward increased anxiety-like behavior was observed, and at least one MA concentration was significantly increased in each region. Further, significant correlations were found between behavioral test results and hippocampal serotonin and striatal dopamine concentrations, as well as between dopamine and serotonin concentrations, in the exposed group. As anxiety can influence activity in the behavioral tests, the activity of neurons in the raphe nuclei (RN), a brain region greatly involved in anxiety via the serotonergic system, was examined by staining with anti-serotonin antibodies, and increased serotonergic activity was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that ACE regulates MA levels, notably serotonin levels in the hippocampus and that RN plays an important role in ACE-induced anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anri Hirai
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Chitoku Toda
- Department of Neuroscience for Metabolic Control, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yared Beyene Yohannes
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Nimako Collins
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mai Tamba
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kei Nomiyama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Division of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hoshi
- Department of Animal Science, Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Hirano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shouta M M Nakayama
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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27
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Levy AM, Saling MM, Anderson JFI. Psychological distress and gender predict cognitive complaint after adult civilian mild traumatic brain injury in pre-morbidly healthy adults. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024; 34:721-741. [PMID: 37493086 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2023.2236348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive symptoms are common after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and are associated with important outcome factors including return to work. This study examined self-reported cognitive symptoms in mTBI and trauma controls (TCs), and explored psychological distress and gender as predictors of these symptoms. Pre-morbidly healthy adults with mTBI (n = 68) and general trauma (n = 40) were prospectively recruited from inpatient hospital wards and assessed 6-10 weeks post-injury. Primary measures included self-reported cognitive symptoms, post-concussion symptoms, and psychological distress. Groups were matched on all background variables, including objective cognitive performance. Within this context, subjective cognitive symptoms were significantly elevated after mTBI relative to TCs (t = 3.396, p = .001). In contrast, there was no difference in post-concussion symptoms between groups (t = 1.275, p = .206). Psychological distress (β = .536, p < .001) and gender (β = .253, p = .012) predicted subjective cognitive symptoms in mTBI, with females and those with higher distress reporting greater symptoms. Unlike general post-concussion symptoms, subjective cognitive symptoms were elevated after mTBI relative to TCs, suggesting that mTBI-specific factors underly this elevation. Females and individuals with high psychological distress are important subgroups to consider for potential intervention following mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle M Levy
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael M Saling
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jacqueline F I Anderson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Psychology Department, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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28
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van der Wijk G, Zamyadi M, Bray S, Hassel S, Arnott SR, Frey BN, Kennedy SH, Davis AD, Hall GB, Lam RW, Milev R, Müller DJ, Parikh S, Soares C, Macqueen GM, Strother SC, Protzner AB. Large Individual Differences in Functional Connectivity in the Context of Major Depression and Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0286-23.2024. [PMID: 38830756 PMCID: PMC11163402 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0286-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies of major depression (MD) generally focus on group effects, yet interindividual differences in brain function are increasingly recognized as important and may even impact effect sizes related to group effects. Here, we examine the magnitude of individual differences in relation to group differences that are commonly investigated (e.g., related to MD diagnosis and treatment response). Functional MRI data from 107 participants (63 female, 44 male) were collected at baseline, 2, and 8 weeks during which patients received pharmacotherapy (escitalopram, N = 68) and controls (N = 39) received no intervention. The unique contributions of different sources of variation were examined by calculating how much variance in functional connectivity was shared across all participants and sessions, within/across groups (patients vs controls, responders vs nonresponders, female vs male participants), recording sessions, and individuals. Individual differences and common connectivity across groups, sessions, and participants contributed most to the explained variance (>95% across analyses). Group differences related to MD diagnosis, treatment response, and biological sex made significant but small contributions (0.3-1.2%). High individual variation was present in cognitive control and attention areas, while low individual variation characterized primary sensorimotor regions. Group differences were much smaller than individual differences in the context of MD and its treatment. These results could be linked to the variable findings and difficulty translating research on MD to clinical practice. Future research should examine brain features with low and high individual variation in relation to psychiatric symptoms and treatment trajectories to explore the clinical relevance of the individual differences identified here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen van der Wijk
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mojdeh Zamyadi
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Signe Bray
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Stefanie Hassel
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 14, Canada
| | - Stephen R Arnott
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Andrew D Davis
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Roumen Milev
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, and Providence Care Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sagar Parikh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Claudio Soares
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Providence Care, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Glenda M Macqueen
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 14, Canada
| | - Stephen C Strother
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Andrea B Protzner
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 14, Canada
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Domes G, Linnig K, von Dawans B. Gonads under stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of acute psychosocial stress on gonadal steroids secretion in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 164:107004. [PMID: 38471257 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Animal research has shown that the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is inhibited by (chronic and/or severe) stress, which can lead to impaired fertility and reproductive functioning, presumably caused by the inhibition of gonadal steroid secretion and in interactions with glucocorticoids. However, what has not been clarified is how acute psychosocial stress modulates gonadal steroid secretion in humans. Here we summarize the experimental research on the acute effects of stress on the secretion of gonadal steroids in humans. A systematic literature search revealed 21 studies (with N=881 individuals) measuring testosterone, progesterone or estradiol in response to a standardized acute laboratory stressor in healthy humans. Both our literature review and quantitative meta-analysis suggest that in humans, acute stress stimulates rather than inhibits HPG axis activity, although there is a considerable heterogeneity in the reported methods and results. Increased gonadal steroids in response to acute stress contrasts with many animal studies reporting the opposite pattern, at least regarding severe and/or chronic stressors. We discuss methodological issues and challenges for future research and hope to stimulate experimental studies within this area. A better understanding of these mechanisms is needed, and may have important implications for health and disease, as well as the modulation of various behaviors by acute stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Domes
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, University of Trier, Germany.
| | - Katrin Linnig
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, University of Trier, Germany
| | - Bernadette von Dawans
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, University of Trier, Germany
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Jakubowska P, Balcerczyk-Lis M, Fortuna M, Janiak A, Kopaczyńska A, Skwira S, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Influence of Metabolic Dysregulation in the Management of Depressive Disorder-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1665. [PMID: 38892598 PMCID: PMC11174513 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders are heterogeneous in nature, and their global reach makes them the cause of suffering for a million individuals worldwide. Standard treatment does not work for one in three people, and side effects can significantly reduce the quality of life. A multidisciplinary approach allows for a broader insight into the nature of the disease, given its complex etiology. One of its elements is the hypothesis of inflammation, which also accompanies obesity-related disease. Obesity and depression interact, causing many researchers to develop new non-pharmacological treatment methods for both diseases. One suggestion is physical exercises that have great potential to be used in clinical practice. They can exert changes on the central nervous system and thus modulate mood. Another is diet, which concentrates on active molecules that also affect the central nervous system (CNS). There is an urgent need to create appropriate criteria and recommendations that systematize existing knowledge and allow it to be used in practice. There is an urgent need to create appropriate criteria and recommendations that systematize existing knowledge and allow it to be used in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jakubowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Balcerczyk-Lis
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Milena Fortuna
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Janiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrianna Kopaczyńska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Skwira
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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31
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Tae H, Kim TS. The effect of prebiotic and probiotic food consumption on anxiety severity: a nationwide study in Korea. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1385518. [PMID: 38863592 PMCID: PMC11165345 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1385518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Over the past decade, research has reported that diet and gut health affect anxiety symptoms through changes in the gut microbiota. Therefore, the introduction of prebiotic and probiotic food favorable for the intestinal microbiota is necessary to improve the mental health of the host. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of prebiotic and probiotic foods to lowering anxiety symptoms using a large, nationwide population-based database. Materials and methods The study population included 4,317 individuals 19 to 64 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-3, 2019-2021). A food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate prebiotic and probiotic food consumption. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment 7-item scale (GAD-7) assessed the severity of anxiety symptoms. The effect of prebiotic and probiotic food consumption on anxiety severity was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results Anxiety symptom severity was significantly lower in the highest prebiotic and/or probiotic food consumption tertiles compared to the lowest food consumption tertile. We also found a sex difference in the odds ratio for anxiety symptoms. The consumption of prebiotic food was significantly associated with the highest odds of anxiety among both men and women. However, probiotic food had a significant beneficial effect on lowering anxiety symptoms in men but not in women. Conclusion Our finding suggests that prebiotic and probiotic food consumption might confer a beneficial influence on anxiety symptoms. Further research is required for a deeper understanding into the mechanisms of the positive effects of prebiotics and probiotics on anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Tae
- Stress Clinic, Health Promotion Center, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Suk Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Piejka A, Thayer JF, Okruszek Ł. The association between perceived social functioning and heart rate variability is mediated by subclinical depressive symptomatology and moderated by gender. Psychophysiology 2024:e14622. [PMID: 38807291 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Chronic loneliness and low perceived social support have been recognized as risk factors for both mental and cardiovascular disorders. It has been proposed that their link to psychophysiological problems may involve changes in parasympathetic activity. However, the exact underlying psychopathological mechanisms and the moderating effects of gender are still not thoroughly examined. Thus, the present study investigated associations between perceived social functioning and resting vagal tone in the context of potential cognitive and subclinical mediators and gender differences. Three hundred twenty-five young adults (aged 18-35, 180 women) underwent an electrocardiogram measurement of 6-minute resting heart rate variability (HRV). They also completed questionnaires assessing loneliness, perceived social support, social cognitive biases, depressive and social anxiety symptoms, and general mental health. In men, HRV was significantly and negatively associated with poorer perceived social functioning, depressive symptoms, and self-reported social cognitive biases, while in women, there was a quadratic link between HRV and depressive symptoms and HRV and general mental health. Moderated mediation analysis revealed that depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship between perceived social functioning and HRV in men. The results suggest that decreased resting vagal tone in lonely individuals is linked to depressive symptomatology rather than to specific social cognitive biases and that this association is significant only in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Piejka
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Łukasz Okruszek
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Stirparo G, Pireddu R, D’Angelo M, Bottignole D, Mazzoli R, Gambolò L. Is Mental Health Worse in Medical Students than in the General Population? A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:863. [PMID: 38929480 PMCID: PMC11205491 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In recent years, there has been a notable increase in university students experiencing severe mental illness. The transition to university life can be demanding, leading to mental health disorders. Persistent stress and anxiety can cause demotivation, difficulties with concentration, cognitive impairment, and reduced academic performance. Mental health issues can also impact social relationships and overall well-being. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the mental health of medical students and compare it with the mental health of the non-student population. Materials and Methods: The survey collected demographic information such as age and gender. Participants were questioned about their self-perceived mental distress, diagnosed mental disorders, and history of therapy for mental distress. Various validated assessment tools were utilized to assess mental health and quality of life. Results: Medical students exhibit a higher self-perception of mental symptoms that does not translate into a significantly higher prevalence of diagnosed mental disorders. Medical students experience higher levels of anxiety and subclinical depressive symptoms and lower quality of life. Female participants reported lower QoL scores and higher levels of anxiety symptoms compared with male participants. While the prevalence of mental disorders did not differ significantly between genders (except for clinical anxiety), females tended to perceive a higher burden of mental health challenges. Conclusions: By addressing mental health issues among medical students, especially females, institutions can create a more supportive and conducive learning environment. Encouraging open conversations about mental health and providing accessible mental health services can help in destigmatizing mental health challenges and promoting early intervention when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Stirparo
- SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Pireddu
- School of Public Health, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Marta D’Angelo
- SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Dario Bottignole
- SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mazzoli
- SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Gambolò
- SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), 43125 Parma, Italy
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Zhao Y, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Liu L. Self-injury functions mediate the association between anxiety and self-injury frequency among depressed Chinese adolescents: sex differences. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1378492. [PMID: 38855642 PMCID: PMC11158617 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1378492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a common clinical problem that severely threatens the mental and physical health of Chinese adolescents. This study explores the mediation effects of NSSI functions on the relationship between anxiety and NSSI frequency among depressed Chinese adolescents as well as the sex differences in the mediating effects. Methods In this study, a cross-sectional survey method was used to obtain data of 1773 adolescent patients with major depressive disorders from over 20 specialized psychiatric hospitals across multiple provinces in China. A self-designed questionnaire for demographic information, the Chinese version of Functional Assessment of Self- Mutilation (C-FASM), and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were employed to investigate demographic data, NSSI frequency, NSSI functions, and anxiety and to analyze the mediating effects of NSSI functions on the association between anxiety and NSSI frequency among adolescents of different sexes. Results A total of 316 male patients and 1457 female patients were investigated. Female patients had a higher NSSI frequency (Z=3.195, P=0.001) and higher anxiety scores than did male patients (Z=2.714, P=0.007). Anxiety had a stronger positive predictive effect on the NSSI frequency in females (OR = 1.090) than in males (OR = 1.064). For male patients, the emotion regulation function in NSSI motivation played a full mediating role in the association between anxiety and NSSI frequency. For female patients, the emotion regulation and social avoidance functions in NSSI functions played a partial mediating role between anxiety and NSSI frequency. Conclusions There are sex differences in the mediating role of NSSI functions of depressed adolescents in the association between anxiety and NSSI frequency. When experiencing anxiety, both males and females may engage in NSSI behaviors as a means to regulate their emotions. For females, anxiety can directly predict NSSI frequency, and they may attempt NSSI to achieve the purpose of rejecting others. In the face of anxiety among depressed adolescents of different sexes, developing different emotional regulation methods and behavioral regulation strategies may be critical in preventing their NSSI behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Zhao
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chinese-German Institute of Mental Health, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chinese-German Institute of Mental Health, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Morton J, Bloom T, Anbari A, St Marie BJ, Lepper LT, Bullock L. A Qualitative Exploration of Perinatal Opioid Users' Pain-Related Experiences. Pain Manag Nurs 2024:S1524-9042(24)00158-9. [PMID: 38782650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many pregnant and postpartum individuals who misuse prescription opioids report either physical or psychological pain. The pain-related factors underlying perinatal opioid misuse are poorly understood. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the pain-related experiences of individuals with histories of perinatal prescription opioid misuse. DESIGN This study used a qualitative descriptive design. METHODS Between October 2021 and July 2022, a convenience sample of 12 childbearing-aged females with histories of perinatal opioid misuse were recruited and individually interviewed about their pain-related experiences. Semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and manually coded using thematic analysis. RESULTS Twelve participants consented to participate and provided 14 interviews. Three major themes emerged to highlight participant's experiences with pain and misuse of prescription opioids: 1) pain sources, 2) impact of pain, and 3) pain management. CONCLUSIONS Participants indicated in their interviews their childhood and adult trauma experiences created risk of initiating misuse prior to pregnancy and continued prescription opioid misuse perinatally. Both psychological and physical pain experiences were stated by participants as frequently undertreated. Participants perceived undertreatment of both types of pain influenced decisions to self-manage with prescription opioid and illegal substances of abuse. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The participants' shared experiences provide insights for targeted pain-related nursing interventions that could help reduce the initiation and perpetuation of misuse and assist the journey to recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Morton
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
| | - Tina Bloom
- School of Nursing, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Allison Anbari
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Leigh Tenkku Lepper
- School of Social Work and Public Health Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Linda Bullock
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Suñer-Soler R, Maldonado E, Rodrigo-Gil J, Font-Mayolas S, Gras ME, Terceño M, Silva Y, Serena J, Grau-Martín A. Sex-Related Differences in Post-Stroke Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in a Cohort of Smokers. Brain Sci 2024; 14:521. [PMID: 38928522 PMCID: PMC11201541 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study anxiety, depression and quality of life in smokers after stroke by sex. METHODS A longitudinal prospective study with a 24-month follow-up of acute stroke patients who were previously active smokers. Anxiety and depression were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and quality of life was evaluated with the EQ-5D questionnaire. RESULTS One hundred and eighty patients participated (79.4% men); their mean age was 57.6 years. Anxiety was most prevalent at 3 months (18.9% in men and 40.5% in women) and depression at 12 months (17.9% in men and 27% in women). The worst perceived health occurred at 24 months (EQ-VAS 67.5 in men and 65.1 in women), which was associated with depression (p < 0.001) and Rankin Scale was worse in men (p < 0.001) and depression in women (p < 0.001). Continued tobacco use was associated with worse perceived health at 3 months in men (p = 0.034) and at 12 months in both sexes. Predictor variables of worse perceived health at 24 months remaining at 3 and 12 months were tobacco use in men and neurological damage in women. CONCLUSION Differences by sex are observed in the prevalence of anxiety and depression and associated factors and in the predictive factors of perceived health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Suñer-Soler
- Research Group Health and Health Care, Nursing Department, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | | | - Joana Rodrigo-Gil
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain; (J.R.-G.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Silvia Font-Mayolas
- Quality of Life Research Institute, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (S.F.-M.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Maria Eugenia Gras
- Quality of Life Research Institute, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; (S.F.-M.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Mikel Terceño
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain; (J.R.-G.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Yolanda Silva
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain; (J.R.-G.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Joaquín Serena
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain; (J.R.-G.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (J.S.)
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Peng B, Foilb AR, Manasian Y, Li Y, Deng X, Meloni EG, Ressler KJ, Carlezon WA, Bolshakov VY. Intra-amygdala circuits of sleep disruption-induced anxiety in female mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.19.594863. [PMID: 38798391 PMCID: PMC11118584 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.19.594863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Combining mouse genetics, electrophysiology, and behavioral training and testing, we explored how sleep disruption may affect the function of anxiety-controlling circuits, focusing on projections from the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) to CRF-positive cells in the lateral division of the central amygdala (CeL). We found in Crh-IRES-Cre::Ai14(tdTomato) reporter female mice that 6 hours of sleep disruption during their non-active (light) cycle may be anxiogenic. Notably, the AMPAR/NMDAR EPSC amplitude ratio at the BLA inputs to CRF-CeL cells (CRF CeL ), assessed with whole-cell recordings in ex vivo experiments, was enhanced in slices from sleep-disrupted mice, whereas paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of the EPSCs induced by two closely spaced presynaptic stimuli remained unchanged. These findings indicate that sleep disruption-associated synaptic enhancements in glutamatergic projections from the BLA to CRF-CeL neurons may be postsynaptically expressed. We found also that the excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio in the BLA to CRF CeL inputs was increased in sleep-disrupted mice, suggesting that the functional efficiency of excitation in BLA inputs to CRF CeL cells has increased following sleep disruption, thus resulting in their enhanced activation. The latter could be translated into enhanced anxiogenesis as activation of CRF cells in the CeL was shown to promote anxiety-like behaviors.
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Luo G, Wang S, Gou L, Li C, Yao C, Jing Y, Xuekelaiti Z, Li J, Zhang XY. Sex differences and risk factors of self-reported suicide attempts in middle-aged Chinese Han patients with first-episode drug-naïve anxious depression: a large-scale cross-sectional study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024:10.1007/s00702-024-02779-x. [PMID: 38743092 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate sex differences and risk factors for self-reported suicide attempts among Chinese Han middle-aged patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) anxious depression (AD). A total of 1796 patients with FEDN major depressive disorder were enrolled in this study, including 341 middle-aged patients with AD. We compared the prevalence, demographics, and clinical characteristics of suicide attempts between male and female patients with FEDN middle-aged AD. We also explored the risk factors for self-reported suicide attempts in this population using binary logistic regression analysis. The male/female ratio was 91/250 and the age of onset was 51.50 ± 4.13. Our results showed that there were no significant sex differences in the prevalence of self-reported suicide attempts in middle-aged patients with FEDN AD. However, we did find significant differences in several demographic and clinical characteristics between self-reported suicide attempters and non-suicide attempters. Moreover, severe anxiety, measured by the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale score, was identified as a risk factor for self-reported suicide attempts in female middle-aged AD patients. Additionally, elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels were linked to self-reported suicide attempts in male AD patients. Our findings suggest that there are no significant sex differences in the prevalence of self-reported suicide attempts in this population, but there may be sex-specific risk factors for self-reported suicide attempts in middle-aged AD. Clinical psychiatrists need to pay attention to thyroid hormone levels in middle-aged anxious depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Lei Gou
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Technical Vocational College, 58 Huangshan Rd, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yifan Jing
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Zaimina Xuekelaiti
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Saudelli E, Moscatiello S, Baldari M, Bongiorno C, Zucchini S, Maltoni G, Agostini A, Paccapelo A, Nardi E, Ribichini D, Bruco A, Lo Preiato V, Laffi G, Pagotto U, Di Dalmazi G. Sex-driven factors associated with anxiety and depression in autoimmune diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02275-4. [PMID: 38743078 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the prevalence of anxiety and depression in a large cohort of adults with autoimmune diabetes, identifying sex-driven associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 553 consecutive adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults who came to the Division of Endocrinology of the S.Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna (Italy), to receive their second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. We administered the questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Diabetes Distress Scale, Diabetes-related Quality of Life, Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire. We collected clinical and biochemical data and 14 days glucose metrics in patients with sensor use > 70% in a time span of ± 4 months from the questionnaires' administration. We excluded 119 patients from our analyses with missing data (final cohort n = 434: 79% of those enrolled). RESULTS Anxiety and depression prevalence was respectively 30.4% and 10.8%. According to the multivariate analysis, higher diabete-related emotional burden, lower treatment satisfaction, but not physician-related distress, were risk factors for anxiety and depression; female sex was associated with anxiety (OR 0.51, 95% 0.31-0.81; p = 0.005); in women, depression was associated with increasing age (males vs. females OR 0.96 per 1 year increase, 95% CI 0.92-1.00; p = 0.036), whilst in men with HbA1c (OR 1.08 per 1 mmol/mol increase, 95% CI 1.03-1.13; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Nearly 1/3 of patients with autoimmune diabetes suffers from anxiety and 1/10 from depression. These conditions are associated with independent modifiable and non-modifiable characteristics. For depression, these characteristics differ between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Saudelli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Moscatiello
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Baldari
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Bongiorno
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Agostini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexandro Paccapelo
- Research and Innovation Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Nardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Danilo Ribichini
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Bruco
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Lo Preiato
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gilberto Laffi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Di Dalmazi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Bartlett GR, Magson NM, Richardson CE, Rapee RM, Fardouly J, Oar EL. The meditating role of sleep in the longitudinal associations between peer victimization and internalizing symptoms: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:878-892. [PMID: 36855808 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of heightened vulnerability for both peer victimization (PV) and internalizing symptoms. While the positive association between them is well established, there is little understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this relationship. To address this gap, the current study aimed to investigate sleep hygiene and school night sleep duration as individual and sequential mediators of the relationship between PV and both depressive and social anxiety symptoms during pre- to mid-adolescence. The study drew upon a community sample of 528 Australian youth aged 10-12 years at baseline (M age = 11.19, SD = .55; 51.1% boys) and data were collected over five annual measurement occasions. Direct and indirect longitudinal and bidirectional associations were examined using cross-lagged panel analysis. There was no evidence of sequential mediation through both sleep hygiene and sleep duration to depression and social anxiety. Instead, the findings show that sleep hygiene mediated the prospective association between PV and both depressive and social anxiety symptoms, and between PV and sleep duration. Overall, sleep hygiene represents a modifiable transdiagnostic factor that can be targeted to break the cycle of PV, inadequate sleep, and internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian R Bartlett
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Natasha M Magson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Cele E Richardson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, Centre for Sleep Science, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jasmine Fardouly
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ella L Oar
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Umeda M, Park SW. Association Between Self-Construals, Social Pain Sensitivity, and Gender in Young Adults. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38652651 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2024.2340633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We experience pain in response to negative, unwanted social interaction with others (e.g., social rejection), and this type of pain is termed as social pain in the recent literature. While sensitivity to social pain may be beneficial to increase a chance for survival, social pain sensitivity could also be detrimental to elevate the risk of various health issues. Such opposing natures of social pain sensitivity warrants research to better identify factors that are linked to social pain sensitivity. Self-construals show perspectives on how to view oneself in relations to others, characterized as independent and interdependent self-construals, and may be linked to social pain sensitivity. Additionally, pervious data have indicated gender differences in social pain sensitivity, but it is unclear if self-construals explain gender differences in social pain sensitivity. Therefore, this study examined if self-construals were associated with social pain sensitivity, and gender differences in social pain sensitivity were accounted for by self-construals. The participants were 148 college students who completed several self-report questionnaires to evaluate self-construals and social pain sensitivity. The results indicated that interdependent tendency, which showed higher interdependent self-construal than independent self-construal, was associated with social pain sensitivity. While gender differences in social pain sensitivity were confirmed, gender differences in social pain sensitivity were not accounted for by interdependent tendency. The results suggest that interdependent tendency is associated with social pain sensitivity, but is not involved in gender differences in social pain sensitivity.
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Meisenzahl E, Wege N, Stegmüller V, Schulte-Körne G, Greimel E, Dannlowski U, Hahn T, Romer G, Romanos M, Deserno L, Klingele C, Theisen C, Kieckhäfer C, Forstner A, Ruhrmann S, Schultze-Lutter F. Clinical high risk state of major depressive episodes: Assessment of prodromal phase, its occurrence, duration and symptom patterns by the instrument the DEpression Early Prediction-INventory (DEEP-IN). J Affect Disord 2024; 351:403-413. [PMID: 38181843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To decrease the incidence of major depressive episodes, indicated prevention that targets clinical high-risk individuals with first detectable signs that forecast mental disorder is a highly relevant topic of preventive psychiatry. Still little is known about the prodrome of MDE. The aim of the current study was to identify the occurrence of a clinical high-risk state of depression, its duration and symptom constellation. METHODS Seventy-three patients with a diagnosed affective disorder in partial remission were assessed with our newly developed semi-structured extensive clinical instrument, the DEpression Early Prediction-INventory (DEEP-IN). Within DEEP-IN the course of prodromal symptoms was explored by using a life-chart method. RESULTS The significant majority of patients (93.2 %) reported a prodromal phase. The mean duration was 7.9 months (SD = 12.5). Within the group with an identified prodromal phase, psychopathological (95.6 %) as well as somatic symptoms (88.2 %) were reported. Somatic symptoms showed a moderate-to-strong effect of sex with higher prevalence in females than in males (97.6 % vs 73.1 %; V = 0.370). LIMITATIONS This feasibility study had only a small sample size. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients with affective disorders reported a clinical prodromal phase with both psychopathological and somatic symptoms that developed months before the onset of the depressive episode. The development of structured instruments for the assessment of depressive risk states is a promising approach for indicated prevention of depression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Meisenzahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Natalia Wege
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronika Stegmüller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Romer
- Department of Child Adolescence Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Marcel Romanos
- Centre of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Deserno
- Centre of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cosima Klingele
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Theisen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carolin Kieckhäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, LVR Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Su Y, Li M, Meng X. Symptom patterns in the co-occurrence of depressive and generalized anxiety symptoms: A network analysis of a Canadian nationally representative sample. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:888-894. [PMID: 38320661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the symptom patterns of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in a matched nationally representative sample of the Canadian population. We also tested whether childhood maltreatment (CM) exposures and sex would be linked with different symptom patterns. METHODS A total of 3296 participants from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health with complete information on MDD and GAD symptoms and being matched on the studied sociodemographic characteristics were included in the current study. Network analysis was performed to examine the MDD-GAD symptom network, network stability and centrality indices were also estimated. Finally, network comparison in connectivity patterns was conducted to explore the impact of maltreatment experience and sex differences in the MDD-GAD symptom networks. RESULTS The CM group had stronger network connections and showed differences in the network structures from the non-CM group. In the CM group, depressed mood and diminished interest were central symptoms and strongly connected with other symptoms. Additionally, females had stronger connections in the MDD-GAD symptom network than males, and sleep disturbance was a central symptom for females, alongside depressed mood and diminished interest. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design restricts our capacity to establish longitudinal or causal connections between symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Depressed mood was the most central node that was strongly connected with other symptoms in the network. Distinct MDD-GAD symptom networks were discovered in the CM and the female group when compared to their counterparts. Noteworthy, individuals with CM had a stronger correlation between worry and suicidal ideation. Clinical management and intervention efforts should pay close attention to these core symptoms to yield optimal treatment effects, particularly for females and individuals with CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Su
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Muzi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Wang M, Lou Z, Hou Y, Song L, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Ruan L, Huang Y. 3D hotspot engineering and analytes strategy enabled ultrasensitive SERS platform for biosensing of depression biomarker. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 250:116059. [PMID: 38280297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the diagnose of depression mainly relies on clinical examination while impossible to accurately evaluate the occurrence of depression. Chemical approaches are captivating to analyze stress biomarkers for feedbacking body's endocrine response to stress stimuli. However, it remains challenging in exploring accurate, reliable and sensitive approaches. Herein, we rationally design a newly SERS platform with integrated hotspots engineering and analyte strategy to achieve highly sensitive analysis for estrogen, a typical depression biomarker in adolescent female. On the one hand, the 3D micro/nano plasmonic substrate containing Au-Ag Alloy Nanourchins (AAA-NUs) and arrays-based monolayer films of Au nanoparticles (Au NSs) was constructed to achieve high density and availability of hotspots. On the other hand, the analyte strategy was designed via rapid azotizing reaction to further enhance the scattering cross-section of estrogen in the form of azido compounds. With the synergism of them, the proposed SERS platform displayed high sensitivity for estrogen with a limit of detection down to 10-11 mg/mL. More importantly, the blood estrogen levels of depressed patients were evaluated via the proposed SERS platform and presented high consistence with clinical diagnostic results. This integrated SERS platform paves the way for universal and ultrasensitive biosensing and possess great potential for applying in multi-target detection and disease prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyao Wang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China; College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zhongze Lou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Yanbin Hou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Liping Song
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Liemin Ruan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| | - Youju Huang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
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Filosa L, Sommovigo V, Tavolucci S, Rosa V, Alivernini F, Baiocco R, Borghi A, Chirico A, Fini C, Palombi T, Pistella J, Lucidi F, Alessandri G. Daily associations between global self-esteem and self-concept clarity and their relationships with subjective well-being in a sample of adult workers. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38606894 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present pre-registered study examined the reciprocal day-to-day associations between global self-esteem and self-concept clarity and their incremental validity with respect to daily life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. METHODS We used intensive longitudinal data from 153 adult workers (45.1% women), over a period of 31 days. Data were analyzed using dynamic structural equation modeling. RESULTS Results attested higher global self-esteem and self-concept clarity mean levels for older vs. younger participants, and lower global self-esteem and self-concept clarity variability for older vs. younger participants. Furthermore, global self-esteem and self-concept clarity were correlated at a cross-sectional daily level, yet only self-concept clarity states positively predicted subsequent global self-esteem states, while global self-esteem states did not predict subsequent self-concept clarity states. Daily global self-esteem and daily self-concept clarity further predicted subsequent daily higher life satisfaction and positive affect, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings shed light on the short-term relationships linking global self-esteem and self-concept clarity, pointing to their discriminant validity in predicting individuals' subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Filosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simone Tavolucci
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Borghi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Chirico
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fini
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Palombi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Alessandri
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Segal NA, Nilges JM, Oo WM. Sex differences in osteoarthritis prevalence, pain perception, physical function and therapeutics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01150-6. [PMID: 38588890 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and worse clinical courses than men. However, the underlying factors and therapeutic outcomes of these sex-specific differences are incompletely researched. This review examines the current state of knowledge regarding sex differences in OA prevalence, risk factors, pain severity, functional outcomes, and use and response to therapeutics. METHODS PubMed database was used with the title keyword combinations "{gender OR sex} AND osteoarthritis" plus additional manual search of the included papers for pertinent references, yielding 212 references. Additional references were added and 343 that were reviewed for appropriateness. RESULTS Globally, women account for 60% of people with osteoarthritis with a greater difference after age 40. The higher risk for women may be due to differences in joint anatomy, alignment, muscle strength, hormonal influences, obesity, and/or genetics. At the same radiographic severity, women have greater pain severity than men, which may be explained by biologically distinct pain pathways, differential activation of central pain pathways, differences in pain sensitivity, perception, reporting, and coping strategies. Women have greater limitations of physical function and performance than men independent of BMI, OA severity, injury history, amount of weekly exercise. Women also have greater use of analgesic medications than men but less use of arthroplasty and poorer prognosis after surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS The recognition of sex differences in OA manifestations and management could guide tailoring of sex-specific treatment protocols, and analysis of sex as a biological variable in future research would enhance development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Segal
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | | | - Win Min Oo
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; University of Medicine, Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar.
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Jáuregui-Renaud K, García-Jacuinde DM, Bárcenas-Olvera SP, Gresty MA, Gutiérrez-Márquez A. Spatial anxiety contributes to the dizziness-related handicap of adults with peripheral vestibular disease. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1365745. [PMID: 38633539 PMCID: PMC11022853 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1365745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In subjects with peripheral vestibular disease and controls, we assessed: 1. The relationship between spatial anxiety and perceived stress, and 2. The combined contribution of spatial anxiety, spatial perspective-taking, and individual cofactors to dizziness-related handicap. 309 adults participated in the study (153 with and 156 without peripheral vestibular disease), including patients with bilateral vestibular deficiency, unilateral deficiency (evolution <3 or ≥3 months), Meniere's disease, and Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Assessments included: general health, personal habits, spatial anxiety (3-domains), perceived stress, spatial perspective-taking, dizziness-related handicap (3-domains), unsteadiness, sleep quality, motion sickness susceptibility, trait anxiety/depression, state anxiety, depersonalization/derealization. After bivariate analyses, analysis of covariance was performed (p ≤ 0.05). Spatial anxiety was related to unsteadiness and perceived stress, with an inverse relationship with trait anxiety (ANCoVA, adjusted R2 = 0.27-0.30, F = 17.945-20.086, p < 0.00001). Variability on perspective-taking was related to vestibular disease, trait and state anxiety, motion sickness susceptibility, and age (ANCoVA, adjusted R2 = 0.18, F = 5.834, p < 0.00001). All domains of spatial anxiety contributed to the Physical domain of dizziness-related handicap, while the Navigation domain contributed to the Functional domain of handicap. Handicap variability was also related to unsteadiness, spatial perspective-taking, quality of sleep, and trait anxiety/depression (ANCoVA, adjusted R2 = 0.66, F = 39.07, p < 0.00001). Spatial anxiety is related to perceived stress in adults both with and without vestibular disease, subjects with trait anxiety rated lower on spatial anxiety. State anxiety and acute stress could be helpful for recovery after peripheral vestibular lesion. Spatial anxiety and perspective-taking contribute to the Physical and Functional domains of dizziness-related handicap, possibly because it discourages behavior beneficial to adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Otoneurología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dulce Maria García-Jacuinde
- Departamento de Audiología y Otoneurología, Hospital General del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Simón Pedro Bárcenas-Olvera
- Departamento de Audiología y Otoneurología, Hospital General del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael A. Gresty
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aralia Gutiérrez-Márquez
- Departamento de Audiología y Otoneurología, Hospital General del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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Joshi VL, Borregaard B, Mikkelsen TB, Tang LH, Nordström EB, Bruvik SM, Wieghorst A, Zwisler AD, Wagner MK. Observer-reported cognitive decline in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors and its association with long-term survivor and relative outcomes. Resuscitation 2024; 197:110162. [PMID: 38452993 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM Long-term cognitive decline after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is still poorly understood. This study describes long-term observer-reported cognitive decline among Danish OHCA survivors, including differences in years since the event, and investigates characteristics and self-reported outcomes associated with observer-reported cognitive decline. METHODS Adults who survived an OHCA from 2016 to 2019, and their relatives, completed the national DANish Cardiac Arrest Survivorship survey. Relatives completed the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, Cardiac Arrest version (IQCODE-CA), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the World Health Organisation-Five Well-being index; and survivors completed the Two Simple Questions (everyday activities and mental recovery), the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, HADS, and the Short World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Potential associations between survivor characteristics and the IQCODE-CA were investigated using a multivariable logistic regression model. Self-reported outcomes among survivors and relatives, and the association with IQCODE-CA scores were investigated using separate logistic regression models. RESULTS Total median IQCODE-CA score was 3.04 (IQR: 3.00-3.27), with 47% having possible cognitive decline (score ≥ 3.04), consistent across time groups. Increasing age (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99) and worse self-reported mental and physical outcomes for survivors and relatives, except 'everyday activities' were significantly associated with possible cognitive decline among survivors. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of OHCA survivors may suffer long-term cognitive decline. Worse self-reported mental and physical outcomes among survivors and their relatives are associated with potential cognitive decline emphasising the need for post-OHCA care to include systematic neurocognitive assessment, tailored support and effective rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky L Joshi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK; REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark.
| | - Britt Borregaard
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Broby Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark; REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark
| | - Lars H Tang
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals & The Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Erik Blennow Nordström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory Disorders and Geriatrics), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Wieghorst
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark; REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ann-Dorthe Zwisler
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark; REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark
| | - Mette Kirstine Wagner
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kable JA, Coles CD, Holton JE, Kalberg WO, May PA, Chambers CD, Bandoli G. Characteristics of the Symptoms of the Proposed ND-PAE Disorder in First Grade Children in a Community Sample. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:426-438. [PMID: 36042156 PMCID: PMC10874642 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The proposed symptoms for Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE) were evaluated in children who participated in the Collaboration on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevalence study. Children "at-risk" for ND-PAE (n = 204) were contrasted to children with no prenatal alcohol exposure, alcohol-related dysmorphia or growth deficits (n = 908). Symptoms were defined based on neuropsychological testing using two diagnostic threshold levels (1.0 and 1.5 STD). Individuals at risk for ND-PAE had higher endorsement rates of the self-regulation and adaptive impairments at the 1.0 threshold and of the neurocognitive and self-regulation impairments at the 1.5 threshold. Endorsement of the disorder significantly differed at the 1.0 threshold. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that having an IQ below 70 was not predictive of the diagnosis but modifications of the IQ criterion improved predictive validity. Discrimination validity was poor without documentation of PAE which continues to be a necessity for a diagnosis of ND-PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Kable
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Claire D Coles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Holton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wendy O Kalberg
- Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Philip A May
- Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Gretchen Bandoli
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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Drzewiecki CM, Fox AS. Understanding the heterogeneity of anxiety using a translational neuroscience approach. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:228-245. [PMID: 38356013 PMCID: PMC11039504 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders affect millions of people worldwide and present a challenge in neuroscience research because of their substantial heterogeneity in clinical presentation. While a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the neurobiology of fear and anxiety, these insights have not led to effective treatments. Understanding the relationship between phenotypic heterogeneity and the underlying biology is a critical first step in solving this problem. We show translation, reverse translation, and computational modeling can contribute to a refined, cross-species understanding of fear and anxiety as well as anxiety disorders. More specifically, we outline how animal models can be leveraged to develop testable hypotheses in humans by using targeted, cross-species approaches and ethologically informed behavioral paradigms. We discuss reverse translational approaches that can guide and prioritize animal research in nontraditional research species. Finally, we advocate for the use of computational models to harmonize cross-species and cross-methodology research into anxiety. Together, this translational neuroscience approach will help to bridge the widening gap between how we currently conceptualize and diagnose anxiety disorders, as well as aid in the discovery of better treatments for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M Drzewiecki
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew S Fox
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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