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Samouillan V, Garcia E, Benitez-Amaro A, La Chica Lhoëst MT, Dandurand J, Actis Dato V, Guerra JM, Escolà-Gil JC, Chiabrando G, Enrich C, Llorente-Cortes V. Inhibitory Effects of LRP1-Based Immunotherapy on Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Biophysical Alterations Induced by Hypercholesterolemia. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6251-6262. [PMID: 37116069 PMCID: PMC10184115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of lipids in cardiomyocytes contributes to cardiac dysfunction. The specific blockage of cardiomyocyte cholesteryl ester (CE) loading by antibodies (Abs) against the P3 sequence (Gly1127-Cys1140) of the LRP1 receptor improves cardiac insulin sensitivity. The impact of anti-P3 Abs on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) biophysical alterations was analyzed. Both IrP (without Abs) and P3-immunized rabbits (with Abs) were randomized into groups fed either HFD or a standard chow diet. Cardiac lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the attenuated total reflectance mode. The hydric organization and physical structure were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. HFD increased the levels of esterified lipids, collagen, and α-helical structures and upregulated fibrosis, bound water, and ECM plasticization in the heart. The inhibitory effect of anti-P3 Abs on cardiac CE accumulation was sufficient to reduce the collagen-filled extracellular space, the level of fibrosis, and the amount of bound water but did not counteract ECM plasticization in the heart of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Samouillan
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Equipe PHYPOL, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Eduardo Garcia
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SANTPAU), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleyda Benitez-Amaro
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SANTPAU), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa La Chica Lhoëst
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SANTPAU), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jany Dandurand
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Equipe PHYPOL, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginia Actis Dato
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Godoy Cruz, 2290 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jose Maria Guerra
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-SANTPAU), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Metabolic Basis of Cardiovascular Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Chiabrando
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Centro de Investigación en Medicina Translacional Severo R. Amuchástegui (CIMETSA), G. V. al Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), X5016KEJ Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Unitat de Biologia Cellular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortes
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SANTPAU), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Biophysical and Lipidomic Biomarkers of Cardiac Remodeling Post-Myocardial Infarction in Humans. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111471. [PMID: 33105904 PMCID: PMC7690619 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have analyzed the potential of biophysical parameters as markers of cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction (MI), particularly in human hearts. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) illustrates the overall changes in proteins, nucleic acids and lipids in a single signature. The aim of this work was to define the FTIR and lipidomic pattern for human left ventricular remodeling post-MI. A total of nine explanted hearts from ischemic cardiomyopathy patients were collected. Samples from the right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and infarcted left ventricle (LV INF) were subjected to biophysical (FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry, DSC) and lipidomic (liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry, LC-HRMS) studies. FTIR evidenced deep alterations in the myofibers, extracellular matrix proteins, and the hydric response of the LV INF compared to the RV or LV from the same subject. The lipid and esterified lipid FTIR bands were enhanced in LV INF, and both lipid indicators were tightly and positively correlated with remodeling markers such as collagen, lactate, polysaccharides, and glycogen in these samples. Lipidomic analysis revealed an increase in several species of sphingomyelin (SM), hexosylceramide (HexCer), and cholesteryl esters combined with a decrease in glycerophospholipids in the infarcted tissue. Our results validate FTIR indicators and several species of lipids as useful markers of left ventricular remodeling post-MI in humans.
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Tekavec S, Sorčan T, Giacca M, Režen T. VLDL and HDL attenuate endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic stress in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158713. [PMID: 32330663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipoproteins have a vital role in the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases ranging from protective to deleterious effects on target tissues. VLDL has been shown to induce lipotoxic lipid accumulation and exert a variety of negative effects on cardiomyocytes. Lipotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are proposed to be the mediators of damaging effects of metabolic diseases on cardiovascular system. We treated cardiomyocytes with lipoproteins to evaluate the adaptability of these cells to metabolic stress induced by starvation and excess of lipoproteins, and to evaluate the effect of lipoproteins and lipid accumulation on ER stress. VLDL reversed metabolic stress induced by starvation, while HDL did not. VLDL induced dose-dependent lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which however did not result in reduced cell viability or induction of ER stress. Moreover, VLDL or HDL pre-treatment reduced ER stress in cardiomyocytes induced by tunicamycin and palmitic acid as measured by the expression of ER stress markers, even in conditions of increased lipid accumulation. VLDL and HDL induced activation of pro-survival ERK1/2 in cardiomyocytes; however, this activation was not involved in the protection against ER stress. Additionally, we observed that LDLR and VLDLR are regulated differently by lipoproteins and cellular stress, as lipoproteins induced VLDLR protein independently of the level of lipid accumulation. We conclude that VLDL is not a priori detrimental for cardiomyocytes and can even have beneficial effects, enabling cell survival under starvation and attenuating ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tekavec
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Sorčan
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Makkos A, Szántai Á, Pálóczi J, Pipis J, Kiss B, Poggi P, Ferdinandy P, Chatgilialoglu A, Görbe A. A Comorbidity Model of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Hypercholesterolemia in Rat Cardiac Myocyte Cultures. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1564. [PMID: 31992989 PMCID: PMC6962358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of comorbidity models is crucial in cardioprotective drug development. Hypercholesterolemia causes endothelial and myocardial dysfunction, as well as aggravates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury. Endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms against I/R are impaired in hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic in vivo animal models. Therefore, our aim was to develop a medium throughput comorbidity cell-based test system of myocardial I/R injury, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia that mimics comorbidity conditions. Methods Cardiac myocytes isolated from neonatal or adult rat hearts were cultured in control or in three different hypercholesterolemic media with increasing cholesterol content (hiChol) or hiChol + hyperglycemic medium, respectively. Each group was then subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R) or corresponding normoxic condition, respectively. Cholesterol uptake was tested by Filipin staining in neonatal cardiac myocytes. Cell viability, total cell count and oxidative stress, i.e., total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide level were measured by fluorescent assays. Results Neonatal cardiac myocytes took up cholesterol from the different hiChol media at a concentration-dependent manner. In normoxia, viability of hiChol neonatal cardiac myocytes was not significantly changed, however, superoxide levels were increased as compared to vehicle. After SI/R, the viability of hiChol neonatal cardiac myocytes was decreased and total ROS level was increased as compared to vehicle. HiChol combined with hyperglycemia further aggravated cell death and oxidative stress in normoxic as well as in SI/R conditions. Viability of hiChol adult cardiac myocytes was significantly decreased and superoxide level was increased in normoxia and these changes were further aggravated by SI/R. HiChol combined with hyperglycemia further aggravated cell death, however level of oxidative stress increased only in normoxic condition. Conclusion HiChol rat cardiac myocytes showed reduction of cell viability and increased oxidative stress, which were further aggravated by SI/R and with additional hyperglycemia. This is the first demonstration that the combination of the current hypercholesterolemic medium and SI/R in cardiac myocytes mimics the cardiac pathology of the comorbid heart with I/R and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Makkos
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szántai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Pálóczi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Bernadett Kiss
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Anikó Görbe
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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5
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Benitez‐Amaro A, Samouillan V, Jorge E, Dandurand J, Nasarre L, de Gonzalo‐Calvo D, Bornachea O, Amoros‐Figueras G, Lacabanne C, Vilades D, Leta R, Carreras F, Gallardo A, Lerma E, Cinca J, Guerra JM, Llorente‐Cortés V. Identification of new biophysical markers for pathological ventricular remodelling in tachycardia-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4197-4208. [PMID: 29921039 PMCID: PMC6111813 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to identify biophysical biomarkers of ventricular remodelling in tachycardia-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Our study includes healthy controls (N = 7) and DCM pigs (N = 10). Molecular analysis showed global myocardial metabolic abnormalities, some of them related to myocardial hibernation in failing hearts, supporting the translationality of our model to study cardiac remodelling in dilated cardiomyopathy. Histological analysis showed unorganized and agglomerated collagen accumulation in the dilated ventricles and a higher percentage of fibrosis in the right (RV) than in the left (LV) ventricle (P = .016). The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 1st and 2nd indicators, which are markers of the myofiber/collagen ratio, were reduced in dilated hearts, with the 1st indicator reduced by 45% and 53% in the RV and LV, respectively, and the 2nd indicator reduced by 25% in the RV. The 3rd FTIR indicator, a marker of the carbohydrate/lipid ratio, was up-regulated in the right and left dilated ventricles but to a greater extent in the RV (2.60-fold vs 1.61-fold, P = .049). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed a depression of the freezable water melting point in DCM ventricles - indicating structural changes in the tissue architecture - and lower protein stability. Our results suggest that the 1st, 2nd and 3rd FTIR indicators are useful markers of cardiac remodelling. Moreover, the 2nd and 3rd FITR indicators, which are altered to a greater extent in the right ventricle, are associated with greater fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleyda Benitez‐Amaro
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyICCC ProgramBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Valerie Samouillan
- CIRIMATUniversité de ToulouseUniversité Paul Sabatier, Physique des PolymèresToulouseFrance
| | - Esther Jorge
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jany Dandurand
- CIRIMATUniversité de ToulouseUniversité Paul Sabatier, Physique des PolymèresToulouseFrance
| | - Laura Nasarre
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyICCC ProgramBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - David de Gonzalo‐Calvo
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyICCC ProgramBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
| | - Olga Bornachea
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyICCC ProgramBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Gerard Amoros‐Figueras
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Colette Lacabanne
- CIRIMATUniversité de ToulouseUniversité Paul Sabatier, Physique des PolymèresToulouseFrance
| | - David Vilades
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ruben Leta
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Francesc Carreras
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Department of PathologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Department of PathologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Juan Cinca
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jose M. Guerra
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
- Department of CardiologyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Vicenta Llorente‐Cortés
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyICCC ProgramBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBERCVBarcelonaSpain
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Bornachea O, Vea A, Llorente-Cortes V. Interplay between epicardial adipose tissue, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2018; 30:230-239. [PMID: 29903689 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in obese and diabetic patients. In these groups of patients, the alterations of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contribute to both vascular and myocardial dysfunction. Therefore, it is of clinical interest to determine the mechanisms by which EAT influences cardiovascular disease. Two key factors contribute to the tight intercommunication among EAT, coronary arteries and myocardium. One is the close anatomical proximity between these tissues. The other is the capacity of EAT to secrete cytokines and other molecules with paracrine and vasocrine effects on the cardiovascular system. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that EAT thickness is associated with not only metabolic syndrome but also atherosclerosis and heart failure. The evaluation of EAT using imaging modalities, although effective, presents several disadvantages including radiation exposure, limited availability and elevated costs. Therefore, there is a clinical interest in EAT as a source of new biomarkers of cardiovascular and endocrine alterations. In this review, we revise the mechanisms involved in the protective and pathological role of EAT and present the molecules released by EAT with greater potential to become biomarkers of cardiometabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bornachea
- Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IibB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Vea
- Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortes
- Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IibB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Wider J, Undyala VVR, Whittaker P, Woods J, Chen X, Przyklenk K. Remote ischemic preconditioning fails to reduce infarct size in the Zucker fatty rat model of type-2 diabetes: role of defective humoral communication. Basic Res Cardiol 2018. [PMID: 29524006 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), the phenomenon whereby brief ischemic episodes in distant tissues or organs render the heart resistant to infarction, has been exhaustively demonstrated in preclinical models. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that exosomes play a requisite role in conveying the cardioprotective signal from remote tissue to the myocardium. However, in cohorts displaying clinically common comorbidities-in particular, type-2 diabetes-the infarct-sparing effect of RIPC may be confounded for as-yet unknown reasons. To investigate this issue, we used an integrated in vivo and in vitro approach to establish whether: (1) the efficacy of RIPC is maintained in the Zucker fatty rat model of type-2 diabetes, (2) the humoral transfer of cardioprotective triggers initiated by RIPC are transported via exosomes, and (3) diabetes is associated with alterations in exosome-mediated communication. We report that a standard RIPC stimulus (four 5-min episodes of hindlimb ischemia) reduced infarct size in normoglycemic Zucker lean rats, but failed to confer protection in diabetic Zucker fatty animals. Moreover, we provide novel evidence, via transfer of serum and serum fractions obtained following RIPC and applied to HL-1 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation, that diabetes was accompanied by impaired humoral communication of cardioprotective signals. Specifically, our data revealed that serum and exosome-rich serum fractions collected from normoglycemic rats attenuated hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced HL-1 cell death, while, in contrast, exosome-rich samples from Zucker fatty rats did not evoke protection in the HL-1 cell model. Finally, and unexpectedly, we found that exosome-depleted serum from Zucker fatty rats was cytotoxic and exacerbated hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Wider
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Scott Hall, Room 4356, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vishnu V R Undyala
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Scott Hall, Room 4356, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Peter Whittaker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Scott Hall, Room 4356, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - James Woods
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Scott Hall, Room 4356, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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8
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Soluble LRP1 is an independent biomarker of epicardial fat volume in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1054. [PMID: 29348672 PMCID: PMC5773567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a metabolically active tissue intimately associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Quantification of EAT volume is an interesting clinical tool for the evaluation of cardiometabolic disease. Nevertheless, current methodology presents serious disadvantages. The soluble form of the receptor LRP1 (sLRP1) is a non-invasive biomarker of EAT in general population. Here, we analysed the potential of circulating sLRP1 as biomarker of EAT volume in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The study included a well-characterized cohort of T1DM patients without clinical cardiovascular disease (N = 73). EAT volume was assessed by a multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). sLRP1 and panel of inflammatory and endocrine mediators were measured using commercially available ELISA. EAT volume showed a direct association with circulating sLRP1 (β = 0.398, P = 0.001) in univariate linear regression analysis. This association was higher than that observed for other potential inflammatory and endocrine biomarkers. Using multivariate linear regression analyses, we demonstrated that the association between EAT volume and circulating sLRP1 was independent of potential confounding factors, including age, sex, body mass index, CRP, HbA1c and LDL-C (P < 0.050 for all multivariate linear regression models). In conclusion, sLRP1 is an independent biomarker of EAT in T1DM patients.
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9
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de Gonzalo-Calvo D, van der Meer RW, Rijzewijk LJ, Smit JWA, Revuelta-Lopez E, Nasarre L, Escola-Gil JC, Lamb HJ, Llorente-Cortes V. Serum microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a levels reflect myocardial steatosis in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:47. [PMID: 28246388 PMCID: PMC5428350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using in vitro, in vivo and patient-based approaches, we investigated the potential of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as surrogate biomarkers of myocardial steatosis, a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We analysed the cardiomyocyte-enriched miRNA signature in serum from patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes and with verified absence of structural heart disease or inducible ischemia, and control volunteers of the same age range and BMI (N = 86), in serum from a high-fat diet-fed murine model, and in exosomes from lipid-loaded HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a levels were robustly associated with myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes patients, independently of confounding factors in both linear and logistic regression analyses (P < 0.050 for all models). Similar to myocardial steatosis, miR-133a levels were increased in type 2 diabetes patients as compared with healthy subjects (P < 0.050). Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a levels were significantly elevated in high-fat diet-fed mice (P < 0.050), which showed higher myocardial steatosis, as compared with control animals. miR-1 and miR-133a levels were higher in exosomes released from lipid-loaded HL-1 cardiomyocytes (P < 0.050). Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a are independent predictors of myocardial steatosis. Our results highlight the value of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic tools for subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - R W van der Meer
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L J Rijzewijk
- Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Baden, Switzerland
| | - J W A Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E Revuelta-Lopez
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Nasarre
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Escola-Gil
- IIB Sant Pau, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H J Lamb
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - V Llorente-Cortes
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Institute of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Evans RD, Hauton D. The role of triacylglycerol in cardiac energy provision. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1481-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Lee HC, Lin HT, Ke LY, Wei C, Hsiao YL, Chu CS, Lai WT, Shin SJ, Chen CH, Sheu SH, Wu BN. VLDL from Metabolic Syndrome Individuals Enhanced Lipid Accumulation in Atria with Association of Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010134. [PMID: 26805814 PMCID: PMC4730373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic derangements. Dyslipidemia is an important factor in MetS and is related to atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) in MetS (MetS-VLDL) may induce atrial dilatation and vulnerability to AF. VLDL was therefore separated from normal (normal-VLDL) and MetS individuals. Wild type C57BL/6 male mice were divided into control, normal-VLDL (nVLDL), and MetS-VLDL (msVLDL) groups. VLDL (15 µg/g) and equivalent volumes of saline were injected via tail vein three times a week for six consecutive weeks. Cardiac chamber size and function were measured by echocardiography. MetS-VLDL significantly caused left atrial dilation (control, n = 10, 1.64 ± 0.23 mm; nVLDL, n = 7, 1.84 ± 0.13 mm; msVLDL, n = 10, 2.18 ± 0.24 mm; p < 0.0001) at week 6, associated with decreased ejection fraction (control, n = 10, 62.5% ± 7.7%, vs. msVLDL, n = 10, 52.9% ± 9.6%; p < 0.05). Isoproterenol-challenge experiment resulted in AF in young msVLDL mice. Unprovoked AF occurred only in elderly msVLDL mice. Immunohistochemistry showed excess lipid accumulation and apoptosis in msVLDL mice atria. These findings suggest a pivotal role of VLDL in AF pathogenesis for MetS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Lin Hsiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Sheng Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ter Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- New York Heart Research Foundation, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
- Lipid and Glycoimmune Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Sheu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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12
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Liu J, Du L. PERK pathway is involved in oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation-induced NF-kB activation via ROS generation in spinal cord astrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Shen G, Ning N, Zhao X, Liu X, Wang G, Wang T, Zhao R, Yang C, Wang D, Gong P, Shen Y, Sun Y, Zhao X, Jin Y, Yang W, He Y, Zhang L, Jin X, Li X. Adipose differentiation-related protein is not involved in hypoxia inducible factor-1-induced lipid accumulation under hypoxia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:8055-61. [PMID: 26498183 PMCID: PMC4758336 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has showed that hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF1) has an important role in hypoxia-induced lipid accumulation, a common feature of solid tumors; however, its role remains to be fully elucidated. Adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), a structural protein of lipid droplets, is found to be upregulated under hypoxic conditions. In the present study, an MCF7 breast cancer cell line was used to study the role of ADRP in hypoxia-induced lipid accumulation. It was demonstrated that hypoxia induced the gene expression of ADRP in a HIF1-dependent manner. Increases in the mRNA and protein levels of ADRP was accompanied by increased HIF1A activity. In addition, a significant decrease in the mRNA and protein levels of ADRP were detected in presence of siRNA targeting HIF1A. Using a dual-luciferase reporting experiment and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, the present study demonstrated that ADRP is a direct target gene of HIF1, and identified a functional hypoxia response element localized 33 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site of the ADRP gene. Furthermore, the present study demonstrated the role of ADRP in low density liporotein (LDL) and very-LDL uptake-induced lipid accumulation under hypoxia. The knockdown of ADRP did not reduce HIF1-induced lipid accumulation under hypoxia. Together, these results showed that ADRP may be not involved in HIF1-induced lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, International Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Xingsheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, P.R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 100036, P.R. China
| | - Tianzhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Pingyuan Gong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yinji Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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14
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Revuelta-López E, Cal R, Julve J, Rull A, Martínez-Bujidos M, Perez-Cuellar M, Ordoñez-Llanos J, Badimon L, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Llorente-Cortés V. Hypoxia worsens the impact of intracellular triglyceride accumulation promoted by electronegative low-density lipoprotein in cardiomyocytes by impairing perilipin 5 upregulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:257-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Revuelta-López E, Cal R, Herraiz-Martínez A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nasarre L, Roura S, Gálvez-Montón C, Bayes-Genis A, Badimon L, Hove-Madsen L, Llorente-Cortés V. Hypoxia-driven sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2) downregulation depends on low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-signalling in cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:25-36. [PMID: 25968337 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA2) activity is crucial for cardiac function and SERCA2 is dramatically reduced in the heart exposed to hypoxic/ischemic conditions. Previous work from our group showed that hypoxia upregulates the phosphorylated form of the Ca(2+)-dependent nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (pPyk2) protein levels in a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1)-dependent manner. Pyk2 in turn may modulate SERCA2 in cardiomyocytes although this remains controversial. We therefore aimed to investigate the role of LRP1 on hypoxia-induced SERCA2 depletion in cardiomyocytes and to establish LRP1 signalling mechanisms involved. Western blot analysis showed that hypoxia reduced SERCA2 concomitantly with a sustained increase in LRP1 and pPyk2 protein levels in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. By impairing hypoxia-induced Pyk2 phosphorylation and HIF-1α accumulation, LRP1 deficiency prevented SERCA2 depletion and reduction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the inhibition of Pyk2 phosphorylation (with the Src-family inhibitor PP2) or the specific silencing of Pyk2 (with siRNA-anti Pyk2) preserved low HIF-1α and high SERCA2 levels in HL-1 cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia. We determined that the LRP1/Pyk2 axis represses SERCA2 mRNA expression via HIF-1α since HIF-1α overexpression abolished the protective effect of LRP1 deficiency on SERCA2 depletion. Our findings show a crucial role of LRP1/Pyk2/HIF-1α in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte SERCA2 downregulation, a pathophysiological process closely associated with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roi Cal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Nasarre
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Nasarre L, Juan-Babot O, Gastelurrutia P, Llucia-Valldeperas A, Badimon L, Bayes-Genis A, Llorente-Cortés V. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 is upregulated in epicardial fat from type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and correlates with glucose and triglyceride plasma levels. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51:23-30. [PMID: 23096408 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-012-0436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein receptor expression plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of adipose tissue in in vivo models of diabetes. However, there are no studies in diabetic patients. The aims of this study were to analyze (a) low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) expression in epicardial and subcutaneous fat from type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with nondiabetic patients and (b) the possible correlation between the expression of these receptors and plasmatic parameters. Adipose tissue biopsy samples were obtained from diabetic (n = 54) and nondiabetic patients (n = 22) undergoing cardiac surgery before the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass. Adipose LRP1 and VLDLR expression was analyzed at mRNA level by real-time PCR and at protein level by Western blot analysis. Adipose samples were also subjected to lipid extraction, and fat cholesterol ester, triglyceride, and free cholesterol contents were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. LRP1 expression was higher in epicardial fat from diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients (mRNA 17.63 ± 11.37 versus 7.01 ± 4.86; P = 0.02; protein 11.23 ± 7.23 versus 6.75 ± 5.02, P = 0.04). VLDLR expression was also higher in epicardial fat from diabetic patients but only at mRNA level (231.25 ± 207.57 versus 56.64 ± 45.64, P = 0.02). No differences were found in the expression of LRP1 or VLDLR in the subcutaneous fat from diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients. Epicardial LRP1 and VLDLR mRNA overexpression positively correlated with plasma triglyceride levels (R(2) = 0.50, P = 0.01 and R(2) = 0.44, P = 0.03, respectively) and epicardial LRP1 also correlated with plasma glucose levels (R(2) = 0.33, P = 0.03). These results suggest that epicardial overexpression of certain lipoprotein receptors such as LRP1 and VLDLR expression may play a key role in the alterations of lipid metabolism associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nasarre
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, UAB, Sant Antoni Mª Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Barriga M, Cal R, Cabello N, Llach A, Vallmitjana A, Benítez R, Badimon L, Cinca J, Llorente-Cortés V, Hove-Madsen L. Low density lipoproteins promote unstable calcium handling accompanied by reduced SERCA2 and connexin-40 expression in cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58128. [PMID: 23516438 PMCID: PMC3596315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The damaging effects of high plasma levels of cholesterol in the cardiovascular system are widely known, but little attention has been paid to direct effects on cardiomyocyte function. We therefore aimed at testing the hypothesis that Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol affects calcium dynamics and signal propagation in cultured atrial myocytes. For this purpose, mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by real time PCR and western blot analysis, respectively, and intracellular calcium was visualized in fluo-4 loaded atrial HL-1 myocyte cultures subjected to field stimulation. At low stimulation frequencies all cultures had uniform calcium transients at all tested LDL concentrations. However, 500 µg LDL/mL maximally reduced the calcium transient amplitude by 43% from 0.30 ± 0.04 to 0.17 ± 0.02 (p<0.05). Moreover, LDL-cholesterol dose-dependently increased the fraction of alternating and irregular beat-to-beat responses observed when the stimulation interval was shortened. This effect was linked to a concurrent reduction in SERCA2, RyR2, IP3RI and IP3RII mRNA levels. SERCA2 protein levels were also reduced by 43% at 200 µg LDL/mL (p<0.05) and SR calcium loading was reduced by 38 ± 6% (p<0.001). By contrast, HDL-cholesterol had no significant effect on SERCA expression or SR calcium loading. LDL-cholesterol also slowed the conduction velocity of the calcium signal from 3.2+0.2 mm/s without LDL to 1.7 ± 0.1 mm/s with 500 µg LDL/mL (p<0.05). This coincided with a reduction in Cx40 expression (by 44 ± 3%; p<0.05 for mRNA and by 79 ± 2%; p<0.05 for Cx40 protein at 200 µg/ml LDL) whereas the Cx-43 expression did not significantly change. In conclusion, LDL-cholesterol destabilizes calcium handling in cultured atrial myocytes subjected to rapid pacing by reducing SERCA2 and Cx40 expression and by slowing the conduction velocity of the calcium signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Barriga
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roi Cal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Cabello
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Llach
- Cardiology Service, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Vallmitjana
- Dept. Ingeniería de Sistemas, Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Benítez
- Dept. Ingeniería de Sistemas, Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutricion, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Cinca
- Cardiology Service, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortés
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Insitut Català de Ciencies Cardiovasculars and Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 expression correlates with cholesteryl ester accumulation in the myocardium of ischemic cardiomyopathy patients. J Transl Med 2012; 10:160. [PMID: 22873206 PMCID: PMC3479056 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Our hypothesis was that overexpression of certain lipoprotein receptors might be related to lipid accumulation in the human ischemic myocardium. Intramyocardial lipid overload contributes to contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias in cardiomyopathy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of hypercholesterolemic LDL and hypertrigliceridemic VLDL dose on LRP1 expression in cardiomyocytes, as well as the potential correlation between LRP1 expression and neutral lipid accumulation in the left ventricle tissue from ischemic cardiomyopathy patients. Cell culture experiments include control and LRP1-deficient cardiomyocytes exposed to lipoproteins under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Explanted hearts from 18 ICM patients and eight non-diseased hearts (CNT) were included. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression was analyzed by real time PCR and Western blotting. Cholesteryl ester (CE), triglyceride (TG) and free cholesterol (FC) content was assess by thin layer chromatography following lipid extraction. Western blotting experiments showed that protein levels of LRP1, VLDLR and HIF-1α were significantly upregulated in ischemic hearts. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy analysis showed that LRP1 and HIF-1α were upregulated in cardiomyocytes of ICM patients. In vitro studies showed that VLDL, LDL and hypoxia exerted an upregulatory effect on LRP1 expression and that LRP1 played a major role in cholesteryl ester accumulation from lipoproteins in cardiomyocytes. Myocardial CE accumulation strongly correlated with LRP1 levels in ischemic hearts. Taken together, our results suggest that LRP1 upregulation is key for myocardial cholesterol ester accumulation in ischemic human hearts and that LRP1 may be a target to prevent the deleterious effects of myocardial cholesterol accumulation in ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Glembotski CC, Thuerauf DJ, Huang C, Vekich JA, Gottlieb RA, Doroudgar S. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor protects the heart from ischemic damage and is selectively secreted upon sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium depletion. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:25893-904. [PMID: 22637475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.356345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress protein mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been reported to protect cells from stress-induced cell death before and after its secretion; however, the conditions under which it is secreted are not known. Accordingly, we examined the mechanism of MANF release from cultured ventricular myocytes and HeLa cells, both of which secrete proteins via the constitutive pathway. Although the secretion of proteins via the constitutive pathway is not known to increase upon changes in intracellular calcium, MANF secretion was increased within 30 min of treating cells with compounds that deplete sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)/ER calcium. In contrast, secretion of atrial natriuretic factor from ventricular myocytes was not increased by SR/ER calcium depletion, suggesting that not all secreted proteins exhibit the same characteristics as MANF. We postulated that SR/ER calcium depletion triggered MANF secretion by decreasing its retention. Consistent with this were co-immunoprecipitation and live cell, zero distance, photo affinity cross-linking, demonstrating that, in part, MANF was retained in the SR/ER via its calcium-dependent interaction with the SR/ER-resident protein, GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa). This unusual mechanism of regulating secretion from the constitutive secretory pathway provides a potentially missing link in the mechanism by which extracellular MANF protects cells from stresses that deplete SR/ER calcium. Consistent with this was our finding that administration of recombinant MANF to mice decreased tissue damage in an in vivo model of myocardial infarction, a condition during which ER calcium is known to be dysregulated, and MANF expression is induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Glembotski
- San Diego State University Heart Institute, and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA.
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20
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Cal R, Castellano J, Revuelta-López E, Aledo R, Barriga M, Farré J, Vilahur G, Nasarre L, Hove-Madsen L, Badimon L, Llorente-Cortés V. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 mediates hypoxia-induced very low density lipoprotein-cholesteryl ester uptake and accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 94:469-79. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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21
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) promotes LDL and VLDL uptake through inducing VLDLR under hypoxia. Biochem J 2012; 441:675-83. [PMID: 21970364 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism under hypoxia is significantly different from that under normoxia. It has been well elucidated that HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) plays a central role in regulating glucose metabolism under hypoxia; however, the role of HIF-1 in lipid metabolism has not yet been well addressed. In the present study we demonstrate that HIF-1 promotes LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and VLDL (very-LDL) uptake through regulation of VLDLR (VLDL receptor) gene expression under hypoxia. Increased VLDLR mRNA and protein levels were observed under hypoxic or DFO (deferoxamine mesylate salt) treatment in MCF7, HepG2 and HeLa cells. Using dual-luciferase reporter and ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) assays we confirmed a functional HRE (hypoxia-response element) which is localized at +405 in exon 1 of the VLDLR gene. Knockdown of HIF1A (the α subunit of HIF-1) and VLDLR, but not HIF2A (the α subunit of HIF-2), attenuated hypoxia-induced lipid accumulation through affecting LDL and VLDL uptake. Additionally we also observed a correlation between HIF-1 activity and VLDLR expression in hepatocellular carcinoma specimens. The results of the present study suggest that HIF-1-mediated VLDLR induction influences intracellular lipid accumulation through regulating LDL and VLDL uptake under hypoxia.
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Very-low-density lipoprotein: complex particles in cardiac energy metabolism. J Lipids 2011; 2011:189876. [PMID: 21773049 PMCID: PMC3136095 DOI: 10.1155/2011/189876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is a major consumer of energy and is able to utilise a wide range of substrates including lipids. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were thought to be a favoured carbon source, but their quantitative contribution is limited because of their relative histotoxicity. Circulating triacylglycerols (TAGs) in the form of chylomicrons (CMs) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) are an alternative source of fatty acids and are now believed to be important in cardiac metabolism. However, few studies on cardiac utilisation of VLDL have been performed and the role of VLDL in cardiac energy metabolism remains unclear. Hearts utilise VLDL to generate ATP, but the oxidation rate of VLDL-TAG is relatively low under physiological conditions; however, in certain pathological states switching of energy substrates occurs and VLDL may become a major energy source for hearts. We review research regarding myocardial utilisation of VLDL and suggest possible roles of VLDL in cardiac energy metabolism: metabolic regulator and extracardiac energy storage for hearts.
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