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Buta E, Gueorguieva R, Simon P, Garrison KA. Behavioral Precursors of Nicotine Product Use Trajectories Among Youth. Am J Prev Med 2024; 67:360-369. [PMID: 38782105 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preventing nicotine use among youth is a public health priority. Nicotine use emerges from complex relationships between numerous factors. This project used network analysis to model behavioral precursors of nicotine use (knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, intentions) among youth who had never used nicotine and determine which predicted future trajectories of use across multiple nicotine products. METHODS Data were from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study (2013-2018; analyzed 2023-2024), youth ages 12-17, who reported never using nicotine at Wave 1. Network structure was determined for behavioral precursors at Wave 1 and central network nodes were identified (N=5,087). Central nodes were then tested as predictors of trajectories of use across multiple nicotine products during Waves 1-4 (N=3,851). RESULTS Central nodes of the Wave 1 network were harm perception, expectancy that tobacco would calm anger/reduce stress, and intention to try. Those with lower intent to try at Wave 1 had lower odds of being in an Experimentation or Use class versus a Nonuse class during Waves 1-4 (p<0.0001). Those with more accurate harm perception had lower odds of being in an Experimentation versus Nonuse class (p=0.004). Those with positive expectancies had higher odds of being in an Experimentation versus Nonuse or Use class (p=0.04, 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest a network model of behavioral precursors of nicotine use that can be tested, including central nodes that predicted trajectories of use across multiple nicotine products, and therefore may be priority intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Buta
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Patricia Simon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Rabner J, Olino TM, Albano AM, Keeton CP, Sakolsky D, Birmaher B, Piacentini J, Peris TS, Compton SN, Gosch E, Ginsburg GS, Pinney EL, Kendall PC. Substance use outcomes from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS). J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:910-920. [PMID: 38217328 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use problems and anxiety disorders are both highly prevalent and frequently cooccur in youth. The present study examined the benefits of successful anxiety treatment at 3-12 years after treatment completion on substance use outcomes (i.e. diagnoses and lifetime expected use). METHODS The sample was from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS), a naturalistic follow-up study to the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) which randomized youth to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; Coping cat), medication (sertraline), their combination, or pill placebo. The first CAMELS visit occurred an average of 6.5 years following CAMS randomization. Participants were 319 youth (65.4% of the CAMS sample), aged 7-17 years at CAMS baseline assessment with a mean age of 17.6 years (range: 11-26 years) at the time of the first CAMELS follow-up. Substance use outcomes included diagnoses as well as lifetime substance use (i.e. alcohol and tobacco use). RESULTS Eleven of 319 (3.4%) CAMELS participants were diagnosed with a substance use disorder at the initial follow-up visit. When compared to the population lifetime rate of 11.4%, the rate of diagnoses in the posttreated sample was significantly lower. Additionally, rates of lifetime alcohol use were lower than population rates at the initial and final follow-up visits. Rates of lifetime tobacco use were similarly lower than lifetime population rates at the initial visit (driven by significantly lower rates in the CBT treatment condition), but higher by the final visit. Furthermore, treatment remission (but not treatment response) was associated with a lower rate of substance use diagnoses at the initial follow-up visit, although rates of lifetime alcohol and tobacco use did not differ by treatment outcome. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety treatments confer a beneficial impact on problematic substance use (i.e. diagnoses) as well as on expected substance use (i.e. alcohol and tobacco use) for on average, a period of 6.5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rabner
- Department of Psychology and Neuorscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology and Neuorscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne Marie Albano
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney P Keeton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dara Sakolsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Piacentini
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tara S Peris
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott N Compton
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Gosch
- Department of Psychology, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Golda S Ginsburg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Philip C Kendall
- Department of Psychology and Neuorscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zuckerman G, Kamke K, Sabado-Liwag M, Pérez-Stable EJ, El-Toukhy S. Noncigarette Tobacco Product Use Among Smoking-Susceptible and Nonsusceptible Adolescent Never Smokers, 2009-2021. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:466-478. [PMID: 38099902 PMCID: PMC10872544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine trends in noncigarette tobacco use among smoking susceptible and nonsusceptible adolescents from 2009-2021. METHODS Data came from cross-sectional samples of the National Youth Tobacco Survey (N = 183,198). Using Pierce's smoking susceptibility scale, participants were classified as either susceptible or nonsusceptible to cigarette smoking. Their use of noncigarette tobacco products was classified into four mutually exclusive categories: nonuse, noncigarette combustibles use, noncombustibles use, and noncigarette combustibles and noncombustibles dual use. We produced covariate-adjusted predicted marginal proportions of noncigarette tobacco use for 12 National Youth Tobacco Survey years, which were entered into Joinpoint trend analysis software to determine (a) trends in noncigarette tobacco use from 2009-2021 using the average annual percent changes (AAPCs) and (b) changes in each time segment using the average percent change. Models were fitted by smoking susceptibility, sex, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Nonuse was lower among susceptible (vs. nonsusceptible) adolescents whereas noncigarette tobacco use was higher. Trends show significant declines in nonuse (nonsusceptible: AAPC = -0.3%) and noncigarette combustibles use (susceptible: AAPC = -12%) between 2009-2021, increases in noncombustibles use (susceptible: AAPC = 18%, nonsusceptible: AAPC = 19%) between 2009 and 2019, and steadiness in dual use. Parallel trends were observed when stratified by sex and race/ethnicity with notable increases in noncombustibles use among females and Latinos. DISCUSSION Noncigarette tobacco use differed by smoking susceptibility. Observed trends, especially when stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, raise concerns about tobacco use disparities among females and Latinos. Smoking susceptibility can help identify at-risk adolescents for current or future tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Zuckerman
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Kristyn Kamke
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Melanie Sabado-Liwag
- Department of Public Health, California State University-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sherine El-Toukhy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland.
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Daama A, Mugamba S, Ddaaki W, Nalwoga GK, Kasango A, Nalugoda F, Bulamba R, Nkale JM, Kyasanku E, Bulamu R, Nakigozi G, Kigozi G, Kagaayi J, Kisaka S. Motivations for continued tobacco smoking and reasons for quitting among youths in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:263. [PMID: 38053058 PMCID: PMC10696750 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efforts have been invested towards cessation of tobacco use among youths aged 18-35 years, however, motivators for continued tobacco smoking and reasons for quitting are limited in Ugandan settings. Therefore, this study aimed to explore motivations for continued tobacco smoking and reasons for quitting in Wakiso district Uganda. METHODS This study used explanatory sequential method. Data from a Population-based survey collected from October 2019 to September 2020 was used to select participants for this qualitative study. Twenty-three in-depths interviews were conducted from July to October 2021 among youths (18-35years old) who reported continued tobacco use and those who quit. Data were analyzed using a team-based thematic content approach with the help of NVivo. RESULTS Data was collected from a total of twenty three participants, fourteen were tobacco quitters and nine were current tobacco smokers. Recurrent habit, desire to complement the use of other drugs, peer pressure, using smoking as a replacement for alcohol consumption, low tobacco prices, smoking as a tradition were reported as motivators for continued tobacco smoking. However, reported reasons for quitting smoking by youths included; packaging health warnings, school based prevention programs, fear of associated health risks due to tobacco use, embarrassment from family members. CONCLUSION Targeted, and tailored tobacco prevention counselling through family support programs, intensified health education on the risks of smoking, and implementing stronger health warnings on tobacco packaging can be employed to reduce or stop tobacco use among urban youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Daama
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda.
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Stephen Mugamba
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - William Ddaaki
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Grace Kigozi Nalwoga
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Asani Kasango
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Nalugoda
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Robert Bulamba
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - James Menya Nkale
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Emmanuel Kyasanku
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Ritah Bulamu
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Gertrude Nakigozi
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Kigozi
- Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Plot 7441, Nansana, Hoima Road, P.O Box 25974, Nansana, Uganda
| | - Joseph Kagaayi
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stevens Kisaka
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
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Comiford AL, Chen S, Blair A. Investigating Tobacco Product Use Behavior Among Students Attending High Schools Within the Cherokee Nation Reservation. J Community Health 2023; 48:752-760. [PMID: 37022518 PMCID: PMC10527173 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use is the leading cause of death in the United States and youth prevention is key to reducing tobacco use. American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals have a higher prevalence of tobacco use compared to other populations. This paper aims to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco products among youth within the Cherokee Nation reservation. Data from the 2019 Cherokee Nation Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was used to analyze the prevalence of tobacco use (cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, electronic cigarettes, cigars, and ≥ 2 products) among students within Cherokee Nation. Weighted frequency and percentages were obtained for variables and 95% confidence intervals were computed using Taylor linearization variance estimators. Binary associations between variables were examined using the Rao-Scott Chi-square test. There were 1475 high students who participated in the 2019 Cherokee Nation YRBS. Males were more likely to report the use of smokeless tobacco and ≥ 2 products than females. Twelfth graders had a higher prevalence of reported e-cigarette use compared to lower grades. AI/AN students had a higher prevalence of current use of cigarettes and ≥ 2 products compared to other groups. The use of marijuana and alcohol was positively associated with the use of all tobacco products. Depression was also positively associated with the use of all products excluding smokeless tobacco. Grade, age, depression, and current use of other tobacco products, marijuana, and alcohol were associated with greater electronic cigarette intensity levels. Using the results, tribal and local organizations can promote evidence-based interventions that focus on reducing tobacco use among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Comiford
- Cherokee Nation Health Services, 19600 East Ross Road, Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA.
| | - Sixia Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Andrea Blair
- Cherokee Nation Public Health, 1325 East Boone Street, Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA
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Willingness to Use Commercial Nicotine Gums, Lozenges, and Gummies Among Nontobacco Using Adolescents in Southern California. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:277-286. [PMID: 36470691 PMCID: PMC9994582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE New oral nicotine products (ONPs), often advertised as "tobacco-free" (i.e., pouches, gum, lozenges, gummies), come in nontobacco flavors appealing to adolescents. It is unknown how adolescent willingness to use ONPs differs by product type and flavor, and whether sociodemographic disparities exist. METHODS Adolescent never tobacco product users (n = 1, 289) in ninth or 10th grade from 11 high schools in Southern California were surveyed in fall 2021 about ever and past 6-month use of ONPs and sociodemographic characteristics. Adolescents were randomized to view five different ONPs in either fruit or mint flavor, and asked to rate their willingness to use each product. Multivariable logistic random effect-repeated measures regression examined associations of product type, flavor, and sociodemographic characteristics with any willingness to use ONPs. RESULTS Compared to traditional smokeless tobacco (willingness = 17.8%), adolescents reported greater willingness to use ONPs (gum, 28.2%; pouches, 21.1%; lozenge, 22.4%; gummies, 24.1%); adjusted odd ratios [aORs] 1.25-1.84; p-values<.001). Mint flavor (23.3%) compared to fruit flavor (21.4%), significantly increased odds of willingness to use across all ONPs (aOR [95%CI] = 1.15 [1.05, 1.26], p = .004). Younger adolescents (ninth, 24.2% vs. 10th grade, 21.4%) and LGBTQ+ (34.2%) versus heterosexual (19.7%) and cisgender (18.8%) adolescents were more willing to use these products. DISCUSSION Adolescents reported greater willingness to use new ONPs compared to traditional smokeless tobacco. Adolescents who were younger (vs. older adolescents) or identified as LGBTQ+ (vs. heterosexual and cisgender) were more willing to use new ONPs. Efforts to monitor adolescents' willingness to use and actual use of these products are warranted.
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Individual-, peer-, and parent-level substance use-related factors among 9- and 10-year-olds from the ABCD Study: Prevalence rates and sociodemographic differences. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2022; 3:100037. [PMID: 35445220 PMCID: PMC9015678 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Although a relatively large body of research has identified multiple factors associated with adolescent substance use, less is known about earlier substance-related factors during preadolescence, including curiosity to use substances. The present study examined individual-, peer-, and parent-level domains pertaining to substance use and how these domains vary by sociodemographic subgroups and substance type. Methods Participants were 11,864 9- and 10-year-olds from the baseline sample of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Youth-reported measures were curiosity to use substances and perceived peer substance use. Parent-reported measures were availability of and rules about substances. Generalized logistic mixed models (GLMM) were used to compare these measures across alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana and across sociodemographic subgroupings (sex, race/ethnicity, household income, and family history of alcohol problems). GLMM was then used to examine predictors of curiosity to use by substance type. Results The most striking descriptive differences were found between race/ethnicity and income categories (e.g., positive associations between greater income and greater availability of alcohol). In multivariable analyses, greater curiosity to use alcohol was associated with being male, higher household income, perceived peer alcohol use, and easy alcohol availability; greater curiosity to use nicotine was associated with being male, perceived peer cigarette use, easy availability of cigarettes, and no parental rules about cigarette use. Conclusions This study identified substance use-related individual-, peer-, and parent-level factors among a diverse, national sample. Findings highlight the importance of considering sociodemographic and substance-specific variability and may help identify risk and protective factors preceding adolescent substance use.
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Cheng HG, Lizhnyak PN, Knight NA, Vansickel AR, Largo EG. Youth susceptibility to tobacco use: is it general or specific? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1913. [PMID: 34674687 PMCID: PMC8532300 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility to tobacco use predicts tobacco use onset among youth. The current study aimed to estimate the extent of overlap in susceptibilities across various tobacco products, investigate sociopsychological correlates with susceptibilities, and examine whether the relationship linking susceptibility with the onset of use is product-specific or is accounted for by a general susceptibility-onset relationship. METHODS The study population consisted of US youth 12-17 years old who had never used a tobacco product, sampled in the longitudinal Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study wave 4 (Dec. 2016-Jan. 2018; n = 10,977). Tobacco product-specific susceptibility at wave 4 was assessed via questions about curiosity, likelihood to try, and likelihood of use if a best friend offered. The onset of use of various tobacco products was defined as first use occurring between the wave 4 and wave 4.5 (Dec. 2017-Dec. 2018) assessments (n = 8841). Generalized linear regression and structural equation models were used for data analysis. RESULTS There is a large degree of overlap in susceptibilities across tobacco products (65% of tobacco-susceptible youth were susceptible to more than one tobacco product). Tobacco-susceptible youths were more likely to have recently used cannabis, consumed alcohol, or to have been associated with tobacco-using peers. Structural equation models suggest that the susceptibility-onset relationship largely operates in a non-product-specific manner after accounting for the general susceptibility-to-tobacco-onset relationship. CONCLUSIONS Youth susceptibility to tobacco use overlaps widely across different tobacco products and other risky behaviors. Findings from this study support a holistic approach towards the prevention of risk behaviors, supplemented by product-specific strategies when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui G Cheng
- Altria Client Services LLC, 601 E. Jackson, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA.
| | - Pavel N Lizhnyak
- Altria Client Services LLC, 601 E. Jackson, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA
| | - Natasha A Knight
- Altria Client Services LLC, 601 E. Jackson, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA
| | | | - Edward G Largo
- Altria Client Services LLC, 601 E. Jackson, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA
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Coreas SI, Rodriquez EJ, Rahman SG, El-Toukhy S, Compton WM, Blanco C, Kimmel HL, Pérez-Stable EJ. Smoking Susceptibility and Tobacco Media Engagement Among Youth Never Smokers. Pediatrics 2021; 147:e2020017921. [PMID: 33941582 PMCID: PMC8331193 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-017921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility to future smoking among youth never smokers has not changed in the past 20 years, although experimental cigarette smoking has decreased. We assessed how smoking susceptibility and tobacco industry-related marketing influenced smoking initiation. METHODS Four waves (2013-2018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study data were analyzed among youth aged 12 to 17 years at wave 1 who completed wave 4. Susceptibility was assessed by 4 items (openness to curiosity, try soon, try in the next year, and if your best friend offered) and categorized into 4 levels (0 = definitely no to all; 1 = yes to 1; 2 = yes to 2; and 3 + 4 = yes to 3 or 4 susceptibility items). Multivariable logistic regression evaluated how susceptibility levels, electronic cigarette use, and tobacco-related media activity predicted future experimental (≥1 puff), current (past 30 days), or established (≥100 cigarettes) smoking. RESULTS Among 8899 never smokers at wave 1, 16.4% became experimental smokers, 7.6% current smokers, and 1.8% established smokers at wave 4. Black and Latino/a youth were less likely to experiment. Youth who endorsed 3 or 4 susceptibility items at wave 1 were more likely to be experimental (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.0; confidence interval [CI] = 4.8-7.4), current (aOR = 4.2; CI = 3.2-5.4), or established (aOR = 4.4; CI = 2.4-7.9) smokers at wave 4. Exposure to tobacco marketing, using tobacco-related apps, seeing social media content posted about tobacco, and ever use of electronic cigarettes also predicted experimental smoking. CONCLUSIONS Smoking susceptibility and exposure to tobacco industry-related marketing were predictive of cigarette smoking. Clinicians should consider screening adolescents for smoking susceptibility and tobacco-related media exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida I Coreas
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
| | - Erik J Rodriquez
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
| | - Sana G Rahman
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, and
| | - Sherine El-Toukhy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, and
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carlos Blanco
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Liébana-Presa C, Martínez-Fernández MC, Benítez-Andrades JA, Fernández-Martínez E, Marqués-Sánchez P, García-Rodríguez I. Stress, Emotional Intelligence and the Intention to Use Cannabis in Spanish Adolescents: Influence of COVID-19 Confinement. Front Psychol 2020; 11:582578. [PMID: 33362646 PMCID: PMC7759484 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.582578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The disease brought about by the SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 coronavirus has had an unprecedented global impact. Confinement to control the outbreak may have mental health consequences for the most vulnerable in the population, including adolescents. This study aims to describe and analyze the relationships between the stress variables, Emotional Intelligence and the intention to use cannabis in healthy adolescents, before and after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic containment stage. A comparative correlational study was carried out with validated self-completed questionnaires through an online platform. The sample is made up of adolescents (n = 300) aged 13-17 from two different schools in Ponferrada (León, Spain). The analysis of correlation and differences between the groups indicate that confinement has had effects on the mental health of the adolescents, specifically on the emotional manifestations of stress. Furthermore, significant gender differences were found for stress values and Emotional Intelligence. However, no differences have been found for cannabis use intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Liébana-Presa
- SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - María Cristina Martínez-Fernández
- SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - José Alberto Benítez-Andrades
- SALBIS Research Group, Department of Electric, Systems and Automatics Engineering, University of León, León, Spain
- SECOMUCI Research Groups, León, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Martínez
- SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Pilar Marqués-Sánchez
- SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Isaías García-Rodríguez
- SECOMUCI Research Groups, León, Spain
- Department of Electric, Systems and Automatics Engineering, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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