1
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Callaway DA, Penkala IJ, Zhou S, Knowlton JJ, Cardenas-Diaz F, Babu A, Morley MP, Lopes M, Garcia BA, Morrisey EE. TGF-β controls alveolar type 1 epithelial cell plasticity and alveolar matrisome gene transcription in mice. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172095. [PMID: 38488000 PMCID: PMC10947970 DOI: 10.1172/jci172095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Premature birth disrupts normal lung development and places infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease disrupting lung health throughout the life of an individual and that is increasing in incidence. The TGF-β superfamily has been implicated in BPD pathogenesis, however, what cell lineage it impacts remains unclear. We show that TGFbr2 is critical for alveolar epithelial (AT1) cell fate maintenance and function. Loss of TGFbr2 in AT1 cells during late lung development leads to AT1-AT2 cell reprogramming and altered pulmonary architecture, which persists into adulthood. Restriction of fetal lung stretch and associated AT1 cell spreading through a model of oligohydramnios enhances AT1-AT2 reprogramming. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the necessity of TGFbr2 expression in AT1 cells for extracellular matrix production. Moreover, TGF-β signaling regulates integrin transcription to alter AT1 cell morphology, which further impacts ECM expression through changes in mechanotransduction. These data reveal the cell intrinsic necessity of TGF-β signaling in maintaining AT1 cell fate and reveal this cell lineage as a major orchestrator of the alveolar matrisome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Callaway
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
| | - Ian J. Penkala
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and
| | - Su Zhou
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Knowlton
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
| | - Fabian Cardenas-Diaz
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael P. Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mariana Lopes
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Garcia
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Yao HC, Zhu Y, Lu HY, Ju HM, Xu SQ, Qiao Y, Wei SJ. Type 2 innate lymphoid cell-derived amphiregulin regulates type II alveolar epithelial cell transdifferentiation in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110672. [PMID: 37480752 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication in preterm infants characterized by alveolar growth arrest. Interleukin (IL)-33 and type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) affect type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) differentiation in BPD mice and may cause increased lung epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Amphiregulin (AREG) can be produced by ILC2 and is associated with tissue repair. However, the action mechanism of AREG produced by ILC2 to alveolar development in BPD is unclear. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the role and mechanism of AREG in influencing AECII transdifferentiation in the lung tissue of BPD mice. The effects of ILC2-derived AREG on AECII transdifferentiation were verified in vivo and in vitro, and the role of IL-33 on ILC2-derived AREG in AECII transdifferentiation in BPD mice and a preliminary investigation of the role of AREG's receptor-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on AECII transdifferentiation. The results showed that neonatal mice developed severe lung injury after hyperoxia, and IL-33 induced AREG production via ILC2 affected normal AECII differentiation and promoted EMT. In addition, the blockade of EGFR was found to alleviate the impaired AECII differentiation under hyperoxia in an in vitro study. In summary, our study demonstrates that AREG secreted by ILC2 affects AECII transdifferentiation in BPD mice, which provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ci Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong-Yan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Hui-Min Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Su-Qing Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shan-Jie Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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3
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Heyob KM, Khuhro Z, Khan AQ, Brown D, Tipple TE, Rogers LK. Effects of DNA methylase inhibitors in a murine model of severe BPD. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 313:104060. [PMID: 37031925 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is necessary for developmental gene regulation, but adverse environments result in aberrant methylation and gene silencing. The current pilot study tested the hypothesis that treatment with DNA methylation inhibitors (decitabine; RG108) would improve alveolarization in a newborn murine model of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Newborn mice exposed to maternal inflammation (LPS) and neonatal hyperoxia (85% O2) were treated with decitabine (p3, 0.1 mg/kg; p2, 4, 6, 0.1 mg/kg; or p2, 4, 6, 0.15 mg/kg) or RG108 (p3, 0.0013 mg/kg) delivered intranasally. Modest improvements in alveolarization were observed with decitabine, but no differences were observed with RG108. Attenuated phospho-SMAD2/3 levels and greater surfactant protein C protein levels compared to vehicle were observed with some tested doses. No detrimental side effects were observed with the doses used in this study. In summary, our pilot investigations identified a safe dose for intranasal administration of both methylation inhibitors and provides a foundation for further studies into methylation inhibitors in the context of neonatal lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Heyob
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zahra Khuhro
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aiman Q Khan
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dorian Brown
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Trent E Tipple
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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4
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Callaway DA, Penkala IJ, Zhou S, Cardenas-Diaz F, Babu A, Morley MP, Lopes M, Garcia BA, Morrisey EE. TGFβ controls alveolar type 1 epithelial cell plasticity and alveolar matrisome gene transcription. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.09.540035. [PMID: 37214932 PMCID: PMC10197675 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.09.540035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Premature birth disrupts normal lung development and places infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease increasing in incidence which disrupts lung health throughout the lifespan. The TGFβ superfamily has been implicated in BPD pathogenesis, however, what cell lineage it impacts remains unclear. We show that Tgfbr2 is critical for AT1 cell fate maintenance and function. Loss of Tgfbr2 in AT1 cells during late lung development leads to AT1-AT2 cell reprogramming and altered pulmonary architecture, which persists into adulthood. Restriction of fetal lung stretch and associated AT1 cell spreading through a model of oligohydramnios enhances AT1-AT2 reprogramming. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveal the necessity of Tgfbr2 expression in AT1 cells for extracellular matrix production. Moreover, TGFβ signaling regulates integrin transcription to alter AT1 cell morphology, which further impacts ECM expression through changes in mechanotransduction. These data reveal the cell intrinsic necessity of TGFβ signaling in maintaining AT1 cell fate and reveal this cell lineage as a major orchestrator of the alveolar matrisome.
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5
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Goodwin AT, John AE, Joseph C, Habgood A, Tatler AL, Susztak K, Palmer M, Offermanns S, Henderson NC, Jenkins RG. Stretch regulates alveologenesis and homeostasis via mesenchymal Gαq/11-mediated TGFβ2 activation. Development 2023; 150:dev201046. [PMID: 37102682 PMCID: PMC10259661 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar development and repair require tight spatiotemporal regulation of numerous signalling pathways that are influenced by chemical and mechanical stimuli. Mesenchymal cells play key roles in numerous developmental processes. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is essential for alveologenesis and lung repair, and the G protein α subunits Gαq and Gα11 (Gαq/11) transmit mechanical and chemical signals to activate TGFβ in epithelial cells. To understand the role of mesenchymal Gαq/11 in lung development, we generated constitutive (Pdgfrb-Cre+/-;Gnaqfl/fl;Gna11-/-) and inducible (Pdgfrb-Cre/ERT2+/-;Gnaqfl/fl;Gna11-/-) mesenchymal Gαq/11 deleted mice. Mice with constitutive Gαq/11 gene deletion exhibited abnormal alveolar development, with suppressed myofibroblast differentiation, altered mesenchymal cell synthetic function, and reduced lung TGFβ2 deposition, as well as kidney abnormalities. Tamoxifen-induced mesenchymal Gαq/11 gene deletion in adult mice resulted in emphysema associated with reduced TGFβ2 and elastin deposition. Cyclical mechanical stretch-induced TGFβ activation required Gαq/11 signalling and serine protease activity, but was independent of integrins, suggesting an isoform-specific role for TGFβ2 in this model. These data highlight a previously undescribed mechanism of cyclical stretch-induced Gαq/11-dependent TGFβ2 signalling in mesenchymal cells, which is imperative for normal alveologenesis and maintenance of lung homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda T. Goodwin
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alison E. John
- Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Chitra Joseph
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Anthony Habgood
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Amanda L. Tatler
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Palmer
- Department of Pathology, Division of Nephrology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4238, USA
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - R. Gisli Jenkins
- Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
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6
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SIRT3 improves alveolar epithelial cell damage caused by bronchopulmonary dysplasia through deacetylation of FOXO1. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:191-204. [PMID: 36916106 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i2.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious and long-term lung condition commonly observed in premature babies. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) has been reported to reduce pulmonary injury and pulmonary fibrosis. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the specific role of SIRT3 in BPD by establishing hyperoxia-induced BPD rat and cell models. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes in lung tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of SIRT3 and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), as well as its acetylation levels, were detected in hyperoxia-induced lung tissues and cells by Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Levels of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde were assessed by using biochemical kits. Following SIRT3 overexpression, the levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed by RT-qPCR. Apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nickend labeling (TUNEL) and Western blot analysis. Upon FOXO1 knockout, cell inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis were evaluated again. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the SIRT3 and FOXO1 expression levels were decreased and the FOXO1 acetylation levels were increased in hyperoxia-induced lung tissues and cells. In addition, SIRT3 reduced hyperoxia-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in A549 cells, and inhibited FOXO1 acetylation to activate FOXO1. However, FOXO1 knockdown reversed the effects of SIRT3 overexpression in hyperoxia-induced A549 cells. CONCLUSION SIRT3 relieved alveolar epithelial cell damage caused by BPD via deacetylation of FOXO1, suggesting that SIRT3 could be a therapeutic target in BPD.
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7
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Durlak W, Thébaud B. The vascular phenotype of BPD: new basic science insights-new precision medicine approaches. Pediatr Res 2022:10.1038/s41390-022-02428-7. [PMID: 36550351 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of preterm birth. Up to 1/3 of children with BPD develop pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH increases mortality, the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome and lacks effective treatment. Current vasodilator therapies address symptoms, but not the underlying arrested vascular development. Recent insights into placental biology and novel technological advances enabling the study of normal and impaired lung development at the single cell level support the concept of a vascular phenotype of BPD. Dysregulation of growth factor pathways results in depletion and dysfunction of putative distal pulmonary endothelial progenitor cells including Cap1, Cap2, and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a subset of vascular progenitor cells with self-renewal and de novo angiogenic capacity. Preclinical data demonstrate effectiveness of ECFCs and ECFC-derived particles including extracellular vesicles (EVs) in promoting lung vascular growth and reversing PH, but the mechanism is unknown. The lack of engraftment suggests a paracrine mode of action mediated by EVs that contain miRNA. Aberrant miRNA signaling contributes to arrested pulmonary vascular development, hence using EV- and miRNA-based therapies is a promising strategy to prevent the development of BPD-PH. More needs to be learned about disrupted pathways, timing of intervention, and mode of delivery. IMPACT: Single-cell RNA sequencing studies provide new in-depth view of developmental endothelial depletion underlying BPD-PH. Aberrant miRNA expression is a major cause of arrested pulmonary development. EV- and miRNA-based therapies are very promising therapeutic strategies to improve prognosis in BPD-PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Durlak
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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8
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Gorgisen G, Aydin M, Mboma O, Gökyildirim MY, Chao CM. The Role of Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Asthma: New Potential Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710113. [PMID: 36077511 PMCID: PMC9456457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrates (IRSs) are proteins that are involved in signaling through the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor (IGFR). They can also interact with other receptors including growth factor receptors. Thus, they represent a critical node for the transduction and regulation of multiple signaling pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. In addition, IRSs play a central role in processes such as inflammation, growth, metabolism, and proliferation. Previous studies have highlighted the role of IRS proteins in lung diseases, in particular asthma. Further, the members of the IRS family are the common proteins of the insulin growth factor signaling cascade involved in lung development and disrupted in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, there is no study focusing on the relationship between IRS proteins and BPD yet. Unfortunately, there is still a significant gap in knowledge in this field. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge with the major goal of exploring the possible roles of IRS in BPD and asthma to foster new perspectives for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Gorgisen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yil University, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Malik Aydin
- Laboratory of Experimental Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research, School of Life Sciences (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Olivier Mboma
- Laboratory of Experimental Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research, School of Life Sciences (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mira Y. Gökyildirim
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-9946735
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9
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TRAIL protects the immature lung from hyperoxic injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:614. [PMID: 35840556 PMCID: PMC9287454 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The hyperoxia-induced pro-inflammatory response and tissue damage constitute pivotal steps leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the immature lung. The pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered attractive candidates for a directed intervention but the complex interplay between inflammatory and developmental signaling pathways requires a comprehensive evaluation before introduction into clinical trials as studied here for the death inducing ligand TRAIL. At birth and during prolonged exposure to oxygen and mechanical ventilation, levels of TRAIL were lower in tracheal aspirates of preterm infants <29 weeks of gestation which developed moderate/severe BPD. These findings were reproduced in the newborn mouse model of hyperoxic injury. The loss of TRAIL was associated with increased inflammation, apoptosis induction and more pronounced lung structural simplification after hyperoxia exposure for 7 days while activation of NFκB signaling during exposure to hyperoxia was abrogated. Pretreatment with recombinant TRAIL rescued the developmental distortions in precision cut lung slices of both wildtype and TRAIL-/- mice exposed to hyperoxia. Of importance, TRAIL preserved alveolar type II cells, mesenchymal progenitor cells and vascular endothelial cells. In the situation of TRAIL depletion, our data ascribe oxygen toxicity a more injurious impact on structural lung development. These data are not surprising taking into account the diverse functions of TRAIL and its stimulatory effects on NFκB signaling as central driver of survival and development. TRAIL exerts a protective role in the immature lung as observed for the death inducing ligand TNF-α before.
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10
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Giusto K, Wanczyk H, Jensen T, Finck C. Hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia: better models for better therapies. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm047753. [PMID: 33729989 PMCID: PMC7927658 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease caused by exposure to high levels of oxygen (hyperoxia) and is the most common complication that affects preterm newborns. At present, there is no cure for BPD. Infants can recover from BPD; however, they will suffer from significant morbidity into adulthood in the form of neurodevelopmental impairment, asthma and emphysematous changes of the lung. The development of hyperoxia-induced lung injury models in small and large animals to test potential treatments for BPD has shown some success, yet a lack of standardization in approaches and methods makes clinical translation difficult. In vitro models have also been developed to investigate the molecular pathways altered during BPD and to address the pitfalls associated with animal models. Preclinical studies have investigated the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies to improve lung morphology after damage. However, variability regarding the type of animal model and duration of hyperoxia to elicit damage exists in the literature. These models should be further developed and standardized, to cover the degree and duration of hyperoxia, type of animal model, and lung injury endpoint, to improve their translational relevance. The purpose of this Review is to highlight concerns associated with current animal models of hyperoxia-induced BPD and to show the potential of in vitro models to complement in vivo studies in the significant improvement to our understanding of BPD pathogenesis and treatment. The status of current stem cell therapies for treatment of BPD is also discussed. We offer suggestions to optimize models and therapeutic modalities for treatment of hyperoxia-induced lung damage in order to advance the standardization of procedures for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten Giusto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Heather Wanczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Todd Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Christine Finck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
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11
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Yang K, Dong W. SIRT1-Related Signaling Pathways and Their Association With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:595634. [PMID: 33693011 PMCID: PMC7937618 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.595634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic and debilitating disease that can exert serious and overwhelming effects on the physical and mental health of premature infants, predominantly due to intractable short- and long-term complications. Oxidative stress is one of the most predominant causes of BPD. Hyperoxia activates a cascade of hazardous events, including mitochondrial dysfunction, uncontrolled inflammation, reduced autophagy, increased apoptosis, and the induction of fibrosis. These events may involve, to varying degrees, alterations in SIRT1 and its associated targets. In the present review, we describe SIRT1-related signaling pathways and their association with BPD. Our intention is to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that regulate BPD and identify potential therapeutic targets for this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Newborn Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Dong
- Department of Newborn Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Jamshed L, Perono GA, Jamshed S, Holloway AC. Early Life Exposure to Nicotine: Postnatal Metabolic, Neurobehavioral and Respiratory Outcomes and the Development of Childhood Cancers. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:3-15. [PMID: 32766841 PMCID: PMC7850035 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with numerous obstetrical, fetal, and developmental complications, as well as an increased risk of adverse health consequences in the adult offspring. Nicotine replacement therapy and electronic nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) have been developed as a pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and are considered safer alternatives for women to smoke during pregnancy. The safety of nicotine replacement therapy use during pregnancy has been evaluated in a limited number of short-term human trials, but there is currently no information on the long-term effects of developmental nicotine exposure in humans. However, animal studies suggest that nicotine alone may be a key chemical responsible for many of the long-term effects associated with maternal cigarette smoking on the offspring and increases the risk of adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, dysmetabolism, respiratory illness, and cancer. This review will examine the long-term effects of fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure on postnatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Genevieve A Perono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Shanza Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Signaling Pathways Involved in the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Pulmonary Hypertension. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7080100. [PMID: 32824651 PMCID: PMC7465273 DOI: 10.3390/children7080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The alveolar and vascular developmental arrest in the premature infants poses a major problem in the management of these infants. Although, with the current management, the survival rate has improved in these infants, but bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious complication associated with a high mortality rate. During the neonatal developmental period, these infants are vulnerable to stress. Hypoxia, hyperoxia, and ventilation injury lead to oxidative and inflammatory stress, which induce further damage in the lung alveoli and vasculature. Development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in infants with BPD worsens the prognosis. Despite considerable progress in the management of premature infants, therapy to prevent BPD is not yet available. Animal experiments have shown deregulation of multiple signaling factors such as transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), caveolin-1, wingless & Int-1 (WNT)/β-catenin, and elastin in the pathogenesis of BPD. This article reviews the signaling pathways entailed in the pathogenesis of BPD associated with PH and the possible management.
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Manti S, Galdo F, Parisi GF, Napolitano M, Decimo F, Leonardi S, Miraglia Del Giudice M. Long-term effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on lung function: a pilot study in preschool children's cohort. J Asthma 2020; 58:1186-1193. [PMID: 32508174 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1779289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the long term negative effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are well known, follow-up studies of preterm infants with BPD into childhood are lacking. METHODS Forty-two preschool children (age range 3-6 years) who were born before 32 weeks of gestational age and affected by BPD were enrolled. Pre-, peri-, and post-natal data were collected. During the follow up appointment complete physical examination and lung function (impulse oscillometry (IOS)) were recorded. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire was administered to all enrolled subjects. RESULTS Thirty patients were included in the final analysis. The BPD group did not differ in comparison to the non-BPD group in terms of lung function (p > 0.05). By comparing all subjects enrolled, We detected extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants with height-, weight-, and gender-related reference values and a significant trend of increasing resistance values (R5Hz, R5-20 Hz) and respiratory impedance (Z5Hz) (p < 0.05). No significant difference in bronchial reversibility test was observed among BPD non-BPD groups (p < 0.05). The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease was significantly higher in patients with BPD when compared to non-BPD group (p < 0.05). Significant differences in gestational age, oxygen supplementation (days), mechanical ventilation therapy (days), and sepsis between BPD and non-BPD groups were also observed (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of family and personal history of atopy and/or allergic diseases, tobacco exposure, respiratory symptoms, respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, exercise induced dyspnea, treatment with ß-2 bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids among the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The respiratory function in preschool children born with ELBW is characterized by an increase in impedance and resistance of small airways. No statistically significant differences were found between ELBW children with BPD and without BPD. With regards to the smallest gestational age, the longer duration of O2 therapy during hospitalization, and sepsis significantly resulted in a worse respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Manti
- AOU Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Galdo
- Department of Woman. Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G F Parisi
- AOU Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - F Decimo
- Department of Woman. Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - S Leonardi
- AOU Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman. Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Lung and Eye Disease Develop Concurrently in Supplemental Oxygen-Exposed Neonatal Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1801-1812. [PMID: 32526165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are two debilitating disorders that develop in preterm infants exposed to supplemental oxygen to prevent respiratory failure. Both can lead to lifelong disabilities, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and vision loss. Due to the lack of a standard experimental model of coincident disease, the underlying associations between BPD and ROP are not well characterized. To address this gap, we used the robust mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy exposing C57BL/6 mice to 75% oxygen from postnatal day 7 to 12. The cardinal features of ROP were replicated by this strategy, and the lungs of the same mice were simultaneously examined for evidence of BPD-like lung injury, investigating both the short- and long-term effects of early-life supplemental oxygen exposure. At postnatal days 12 and 18, mild lung disease was evident by histopathologic analysis together with the expected vasculopathy in the inner retina. At later time points, the lung lesion had progressed to severe airspace enlargement and alveolar simplification, with concurrent thinning in the outer layer of the retina. In addition, critical angiogenic oxidative stress and inflammatory factors reported to be dysregulated in ROP were similarly impaired in the lungs. These data shed new light on the interconnectedness of these two neonatal disorders, holding potential for the discovery of novel targets to treat BPD and ROP.
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16
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Failure to Down-Regulate miR-154 Expression in Early Postnatal Mouse Lung Epithelium Suppresses Alveologenesis, with Changes in Tgf-β Signaling Similar to those Induced by Exposure to Hyperoxia. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040859. [PMID: 32252341 PMCID: PMC7226730 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a lung disease of preterm born infants, characterized by alveolar simplification. MicroRNA (miR) are known to be involved in many biological and pathological processes in the lung. Although a changed expression has been described for several miR in BPD, a causal role remains to be established. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression level of miR-154 increases during lung development and decreases postnatally. Further, hyperoxia treatment maintains high levels of miR-154 in alveolar type 2 cells (AT2). We hypothesized that the decrease in miR-154 expression in AT2 cells is required for normal alveologenesis. To test this hypothesis, we generated a novel transgenic mouse allowing doxycycline-based miR-154 overexpression. Maintenance of miR-154 expression in the postnatal distal lung epithelium under normoxia conditions is sufficient to reproduce the hypoalveologenesis phenotype triggered by hyperoxia. Using a pull-down assay, we identified Caveolin1 as a key downstream target of miR-154. Caveolin1 protein is downregulated in response to overexpression of miR-154. This is associated with increased phosphorylation of Smad3 and Tgf-ß signaling. We found that AT2 cells overexpressing miR-154 display decreased expression of AT2 markers and increased expression of AT1 markers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that down-regulation of miR-154 in postnatal lung may function as an important physiological switch that permits the induction of the correct alveolar developmental program, while conversely, failure to down-regulate miR-154 suppresses alveolarization, leading to the common clinically observed phenotype of alveolar simplification.
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Wagener I, Jungen M, von Hörsten S, Stephan M, Schmiedl A. Postnatal morphological lung development of wild type and CD26/DPP4 deficient rat pups in dependency of LPS exposure. Ann Anat 2019; 229:151423. [PMID: 31654734 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.151423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodents are born with morphological immature lungs and an intact surfactant system. CD26/DPP4 is a multifactorial transmembrane integral type II protein, which is involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes and is already expressed during development. CD26/DPP4, called CD26 in the following, is able to enhance or dampen differently triggered inflammation. LPS exposure often used to simulate perinatal infection delays lung development. OBJECTIVE A perinatal LPS rat model was used to test the hypothesis that CD26 deficiency modulates LPS-induced retardation in morphological lung development. METHODS New born Fischer CD26 positive (CD26+) and deficient (CD26-) rats were exposed to LPS on postnatal day (day post partum, dpp) 3 and 5. Morphological parameters of lung development were determined stereologically. Lung development was analysed in 7, 10 14 and 21day old rats. RESULTS Compared to controls LPS application resulted (1) in a mild inflammation independent of the strain, (2) in significantly lower total surface and volume of alveolar septa combined with significantly higher total volume of airspaces and alveolar size on dpp 7 in both substrains. However, compared to controls in LPS treated CD26- rats significant lower values of total septal surface and volume combined with higher values of total parenchymal airspaces and alveolar size were found until the end of classical alveolarization (dpp14). In LPS treated CD26+ rat pups the retardation was abolished already on dpp 10. CONCLUSION In absence of CD26, LPS enhances the delay of morphological lung development. Morphological recovery was slower after the end of LPS exposure in CD26 deficient lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Wagener
- Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Meike Jungen
- Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stephan von Hörsten
- Franz-Penzoldt-Centre, Experimental Therapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Stephan
- Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Clinic for Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schmiedl
- Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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18
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Seow BKL, McDougall ARA, Short KL, Wallace MJ, Hooper SB, Cole TJ. Identification of Betamethasone-Regulated Target Genes and Cell Pathways in Fetal Rat Lung Mesenchymal Fibroblasts. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1868-1884. [PMID: 31107524 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth is characterized by severe lung immaturity that is frequently treated antenatally or postnatally with the synthetic steroid betamethasone. The underlying cellular targets and pathways stimulated by betamethasone in the fetal lung are poorly defined. In this study, betamethasone was compared with corticosterone in steroid-treated primary cultures of fetal rat lung fibroblasts stimulated for 6 hours and analyzed by whole-cell transcriptome sequencing and glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR) chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) analysis. Strikingly, betamethasone stimulated a much stronger transcriptional response compared with corticosterone for both induced and repressed genes. A total of 483 genes were significantly stimulated by betamethasone or corticosterone, with 476 stimulated by both steroids, indicating a strong overlap in regulation. Changes in mRNA levels were confirmed by quantitative PCR for eight induced and repressed target genes. Pathway analysis identified cell proliferation and cytoskeletal/cell matrix remodeling pathways as key processes regulated by both steroids. One target, transglutaminase 2 (Tgm2), was localized to fetal lung mesenchymal cells. Tgm2 mRNA and protein levels were strongly increased in fibroblasts by both steroids. Whole-genome GR ChIP-Seq analysis with betamethasone identified GC response element-binding sites close to the previously characterized GR target genes Per1, Dusp1, Fkbp5, and Sgk1 and near the genes identified by transcriptome sequencing encoding Crispld2, Tgm2, Hif3α, and Kdr, defining direct genomic induction of expression in fetal lung fibroblasts via the GR. These results demonstrate that betamethasone stimulates specific genes and cellular pathways controlling cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling in lung mesenchymal fibroblasts, providing a basis for betamethasone's treatment efficacy in preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennet K L Seow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annie R A McDougall
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly L Short
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan J Wallace
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart B Hooper
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy J Cole
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Li S, Sun Z, Chen T, Pan J, Shen Y, Chen X, Zhou X, Cheng R, Yang Y. The role of miR-431-5p in regulating pulmonary surfactant expression in vitro. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:25. [PMID: 30988675 PMCID: PMC6446292 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary surfactant is the complex mixture of lipid and protein that covers the alveolar surface. Pulmonary surfactant deficiency is one of the main causes of neonatal respiratory distress. Recent studies showed that miRNA plays an important role in lung development, but research into miR-431 regulation of pulmonary surfactant are sparse. In this study, we explored the regulatory role of miR-431-5p in the expression of pulmonary surfactant and identified its potential target gene, Smad4. Methods The bioinformatics tool TargetScan was used to predict the targets of miR-431. The expression of miR-431-5p was achieved via transfection of miR-431-5p mimics, an miR-431-5p inhibitor and corresponding negative control. The level of miR-431-5p was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. The CCK8 assay was conducted to confirm cell growth 12 h after transfection with miR-431-5p mimics, inhibitor or NC. Smad4 and surfactant-associated proteins in A549 were analyzed using western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. Results Smad4 was validated as a target of miR-431 in A549 cells. Overexpression of miR-431 accelerated A549 proliferation and inhibited A549 apoptosis. The mRNA and protein levels for the surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C and SP-D) were found to be differentially expressed in A549 cells over- or under-expressing miR-431-5p. Conclusion Our results show that miR-431-5p is critical for pulmonary surfactant expression and that its regulation is closely related to the TGF-β/Smad4 pathway. These results will help us to study the pathophysiological mechanism of lung developmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Li
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongyi Sun
- 2Department of Pediatrics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Chen
- 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Pan
- 2Department of Pediatrics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanqing Shen
- 4Department of Neonates, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 72, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- 2Department of Pediatrics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- 4Department of Neonates, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 72, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Rui Cheng
- 4Department of Neonates, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 72, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yang Yang
- 4Department of Neonates, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 72, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
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Wang J, Yin J, Wang X, Liu H, Hu Y, Yan X, Zhuang B, Yu Z, Han S. Changing expression profiles of mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and miRNA in lung tissue reveal the pathophysiological of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in mouse model. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:9369-9380. [PMID: 30802330 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
New perinatal care technologies have improved the survival rate of preterm neonates, but the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), one of the most intractable problems in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), remains unchanged. In present study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) was performed to detect the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) in hyperoxia-induced BPD mouse model. Significant differentially expressed RNAs were selected and clustered between the BPD group and the control group. The results revealed that expressions of 1778 lncRNAs, 1240 mRNAs, 97 circRNAs, and 201 miRNAs were significantly altered in the BPD group. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed to predict the potential functions of differentially expressed RNAs. lncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA coexpression networks were constructed to detect their association with the pathogenesis of BPD. Our study provides a systematic perspective on the potential function of RNAs during BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyun Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhuang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuping Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Pasha AB, Chen XQ, Zhou GP. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Pathogenesis and treatment. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4315-4321. [PMID: 30542380 PMCID: PMC6257511 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a form of chronic lung disease of infancy, which mostly affects premature infants with significant morbidity and mortality. Premature infants who require to be treated for conditions including respiratory distress syndrome have a higher risk of developing BPD. In spite of the improvement in clinical methods, the incidence of BPD has not reduced. In the present review, the pathogenesis of BPD is described along with the treatments available at present and the role of nursing in the management of BPD. Emerging preventive therapies for BPD are also discussed, including the use of recombinant human superoxide dismutase, which has been proven effective in reducing respiratory injury and its long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfia Banu Pasha
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of International Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of International Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of International Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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22
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Tang X. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) Increases Hyperoxia-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Newborn Mice by Regulation of Inflammatory Mediators. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6717-6728. [PMID: 30244258 PMCID: PMC6266634 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been reported to affect chronic inflammation of the lungs, but its impact on hyperoxia-injured lungs in newborns remains obscure. This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-33 in the lungs of neonatal mice with hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Material/Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6 baby mice were randomly separated into three groups: the on-air group (N=16); the O2 group (N=8); and the O2 + anti-IL-33 group (N=8). Forced mechanical ventilation with oxygen-rich air (MV-O2) was used in 16 mouse pups. The mouse pups were incubated in containers with either air or 85% O2 for 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after birth. At the end of the treatment period, the mouse lungs were studied by histology, Western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to examine the expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-1β, chemokine (CC motif) ligand 1 (CXCL-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Results Following forced MV-O2, increased levels of IL-33 in whole mouse lungs were associated with impaired alveolar growth and with changes consistent with BPD, including reduced numbers of enlarged alveoli, increased apoptosis, and increased expression of IL-1β, CXCL-1, and MCP-1. IL-33 inhibition improved alveolar development in hyperoxia-impaired lungs and suppressed IL-1β and MCP-1 expression and was associated with increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, reduced pulmonary NF-κB activity and decreased expression of the TGF-β inhibitor SMAD-7 in forced MV-O2 exposed mouse pups. Conclusions IL-33 increased hyperoxia-induced BPD in newborn mice by regulation of the expression of inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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23
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Chanda D, Otoupalova E, Smith SR, Volckaert T, De Langhe SP, Thannickal VJ. Developmental pathways in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 65:56-69. [PMID: 30130563 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and terminal lung disease with no known cure. IPF is a disease of aging, with median age of diagnosis over 65 years. Median survival is between 3 and 5 years after diagnosis. IPF is characterized primarily by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins by activated lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, resulting in reduced gas exchange and impaired pulmonary function. Growing evidence supports the concept of a pro-fibrotic environment orchestrated by underlying factors such as genetic predisposition, chronic injury and aging, oxidative stress, and impaired regenerative responses may account for disease development and persistence. Currently, two FDA approved drugs have limited efficacy in the treatment of IPF. Many of the genes and gene networks associated with lung development are induced or activated in IPF. In this review, we analyze current knowledge in the field, gained from both basic and clinical research, to provide new insights into the disease process, and potential approaches to treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Eva Otoupalova
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Samuel R Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Thomas Volckaert
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Stijn P De Langhe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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24
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Bik-Multanowski M, Revhaug C, Grabowska A, Dobosz A, Madetko-Talowska A, Zasada M, Saugstad OD. Hyperoxia induces epigenetic changes in newborn mice lungs. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 121:51-56. [PMID: 29698744 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental oxygen exposure is a risk factor for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Reactive oxygen species may damage lung tissue, but hyperoxia also has the potential to alter genome activity via changes in DNA methylation. Understanding the epigenetic potential of hyperoxia would enable further improvement of the therapeutic strategies for BPD. Here we aimed to identify hyperoxia-related alterations in DNA methylation, which could affect the activity of crucial genetic pathways involved in the development of hyperoxic lung injury. Newborn mice (n = 24) were randomized to hyperoxia (85% O2) or normoxia groups for 14 days, followed by normoxia for the subsequent 14 days. The mice were sacrificed on day 28, and lung tissue was analyzed using microarrays developed for the assessment of genome methylation and expression profiles. The mean DNA methylation level was higher in the hyperoxia group than the normoxia group. The analysis of specific DNA fragments revealed hypermethylation of > 1000 gene promoters in the hyperoxia group, confirming the presence of the DNA-hypermethylation effect of hyperoxia. Further analysis showed significant enrichment of the TGF-β signaling pathway (p = 0.0013). The hypermethylated genes included Tgfbr1, Crebbp, and Creb1, which play central roles in the TGF-β signaling pathway and cell cycle regulation. Genome expression analysis revealed in the hyperoxia group complementary downregulation of genes that are crucial for cell cycle regulation (Crebbp, Smad2, and Smad3). These results suggest the involvement of the methylation of TGF-β pathway genes in lung tissue reaction to hyperoxia. The data also suggest that hyperoxia may be a programming factor in newborn mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Bik-Multanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Cecilie Revhaug
- Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Agnieszka Grabowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Dobosz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Madetko-Talowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zasada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ola Didrik Saugstad
- Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway
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25
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Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Chen G, Li R, Yang J, Sun D. Study of lung toxicity in rats exposed to silica powder with different hard metal constituents. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:449-457. [PMID: 29669483 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718758586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the lung toxicity induced by the inhalation of different hard metal constituents and silica powder and screen for potential toxicity biomarkers. Rats were randomly divided into saline, cobalt, tungsten carbide, silica, and hard metal (HM) groups and were administered a single 10-mg dose of the respective treatments. After 8 weeks, the lung tissue structure in the HM group was deformed, numerous nucleated giant and epithelial-like cells appeared in the stroma, and the computed tomography scanning images appeared abnormal. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and TGF-β2 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) significantly differed between the groups ( p < 0.05). Serum KL-6 and TGF-β1, but not TGF-β2, levels significantly differed between some groups ( p < 0.05). We observed multinucleated giant cells in the rat lung tissue. While the serum and BALF levels of KL-6 and TGF-β2 are not highly specific, TGF-β1 may be a valuable reference diagnostic marker in HM lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansai Zhang
- 1 Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- 2 Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Chen
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoming Li
- 4 Department of Public Health, Lingyun Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- 5 Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoyuan Sun
- 1 Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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The Potentials and Caveats of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapies in the Preterm Infant. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9652897. [PMID: 29765429 PMCID: PMC5911321 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9652897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preponderance of proinflammatory signals is a characteristic feature of all acute and resulting long-term morbidities of the preterm infant. The proinflammatory actions are best characterized for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is the chronic lung disease of the preterm infant with lifelong restrictions of pulmonary function and severe consequences for psychomotor development and quality of life. Besides BPD, the immature brain, eye, and gut are also exposed to inflammatory injuries provoked by infection, mechanical ventilation, and oxygen toxicity. Despite the tremendous progress in the understanding of disease pathologies, therapeutic interventions with proven efficiency remain restricted to a few drug therapies with restricted therapeutic benefit, partially considerable side effects, and missing option of applicability to the inflamed brain. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)—also known as mesenchymal stem cells—has attracted much attention during the recent years due to their anti-inflammatory activities and their secretion of growth and development-promoting factors. Based on a molecular understanding, this review summarizes the positive actions of exogenous umbilical cord-derived MSCs on the immature lung and brain and the therapeutic potential of reprogramming resident MSCs. The pathomechanistic understanding of MSC actions from the animal model is complemented by the promising results from the first phase I clinical trials testing allogenic MSC transplantation from umbilical cord blood. Despite all the enthusiasm towards this new therapeutic option, the caveats and outstanding issues have to be critically evaluated before a broad introduction of MSC-based therapies.
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27
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TGF-β Family Signaling in Ductal Differentiation and Branching Morphogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a031997. [PMID: 28289061 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells contribute to the development of various vital organs by generating tubular and/or glandular architectures. The fully developed forms of ductal organs depend on processes of branching morphogenesis, whereby frequency, total number, and complexity of the branching tissue define the final architecture in the organ. Some ductal tissues, like the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation, disintegrate and regenerate through periodic cycles. Differentiation of branched epithelia is driven by antagonistic actions of parallel growth factor systems that mediate epithelial-mesenchymal communication. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members and their extracellular antagonists are prominently involved in both normal and disease-associated (e.g., malignant or fibrotic) ductal tissue patterning. Here, we discuss collective knowledge that permeates the roles of TGF-β family members in the control of the ductal tissues in the vertebrate body.
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28
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Grunwell JR, Yeligar SM, Stephenson S, Ping XD, Gauthier TW, Fitzpatrick AM, Brown LAS. TGF-β1 Suppresses the Type I IFN Response and Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alveolar Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:2115-2128. [PMID: 29427413 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with an established role in fibrosis; however, the immunosuppressive effects of TGF-β1 are less characterized. Elevated levels of TGF-β1 are found in patients with acute and chronic lung diseases, and the underlying disease processes are exacerbated by respiratory viral infections. The alveolar macrophage is the first line of cellular defense against respiratory viral infections, and its response to infections is dependent on environmental cues. Using the mouse alveolar macrophage line, MH-S, and human CD14+ monocyte-derived macrophages, we examined the effects of TGF-β1 on the type I IFN antiviral response, macrophage polarization, and mitochondrial bioenergetics following a challenge with human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Our results showed that TGF-β1 treatment of macrophages decreased the antiviral and proinflammatory response, and suppressed basal, maximal, spare mitochondrial respiration, and mitochondrial ATP production. Challenge with RSV following TGF-β1 treatment further exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction. The TGF-β1 and TGF-β1+RSV-treated macrophages had a higher frequency of apoptosis and diminished phagocytic capacity, potentially through mitochondrial stress. Disruption of TGF-β1 signaling or rescue of mitochondrial respiration may be novel therapeutically targetable pathways to improve macrophage function and prevent secondary bacterial infections that complicate viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn R Grunwell
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; .,Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Samantha M Yeligar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033
| | - Susan Stephenson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; and
| | - Xiao Du Ping
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Theresa W Gauthier
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; and
| | - Lou Ann S Brown
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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29
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Luan Y, Zhang L, Chao S, Liu X, Li K, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Mesenchymal stem cells in combination with erythropoietin repair hyperoxia-induced alveoli dysplasia injury in neonatal mice via inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47082-47094. [PMID: 27191651 PMCID: PMC5216925 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the protection effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in combination with EPO against hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) injury in neonatal mice. BPD model was prepared by continuous high oxygen exposure, 1×106 bone marrow MSCs and 5000U/kg recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) were injected respectively. Results showed that administration of MSCs, EPO especially MSCs+EPO significant attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung damage with a decrease of fibrosis, radical alveolar counts and inhibition of the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, MSCs+EPO co-treatment more significantly suppressed the levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) than MSCs or EPO alone. Collectively, these results suggested that MSCs, EPO in particular MSCs+EPO co-treatment could promote lung repair in hyperoxia-induced alveoli dysplasia injury via inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling pathway to further suppress EMT process and may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luan
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Luan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Sun Chao
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kaili Li
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yibiao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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30
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Dietz RM, Wright CJ. Oxidative stress diseases unique to the perinatal period: A window into the developing innate immune response. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 79:e12787. [PMID: 29194835 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system has evolved to play an integral role in the normally developing lung and brain. However, in response to oxidative stress, innate immunity, mediated by specific cellular and molecular programs and signaling, contributes to pathology in these same organ systems. Despite opposing drivers of oxidative stress, namely hyperoxia in neonatal lung injury and hypoxia/ischemia in neonatal brain injury, similar pathways-including toll-like receptors, NFκB and MAPK cascades-have been implicated in tissue damage. In this review, we consider recent insights into the innate immune response to oxidative stress in both neonatal and adult models to better understand hyperoxic lung injury and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury across development and aging. These insights support the development of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies to address the challenge of harnessing the innate immune system in oxidative stress diseases of the neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Clyde J Wright
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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31
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Oak P, Hilgendorff A. The BPD trio? Interaction of dysregulated PDGF, VEGF, and TGF signaling in neonatal chronic lung disease. Mol Cell Pediatr 2017; 4:11. [PMID: 29116547 PMCID: PMC5676585 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-017-0076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of neonatal chronic lung disease (nCLD), i.e., bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants, significantly determines long-term outcome in this patient population. Risk factors include mechanical ventilation and oxygen toxicity impacting on the immature lung resulting in impaired alveolarization and vascularization. Disease development is characterized by inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and apoptosis, closely intertwined with the dysregulation of growth factor signaling. This review focuses on the causes and consequences of altered signaling in central pathways like transforming growth factor (TGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) driving these above indicated processes, i.e., inflammation, matrix remodeling, and vascular development. We emphasize the shared and distinct role of these pathways as well as their interconnection in disease initiation and progression, generating important knowledge for the development of future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Oak
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neonatology, Perinatal Center Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
- Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care, Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital University, Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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32
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Recombinant human elafin promotes alveologenesis in newborn mice exposed to chronic hyperoxia. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 92:173-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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33
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Hyperoxia causes miR-34a-mediated injury via angiopoietin-1 in neonatal lungs. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1173. [PMID: 29079808 PMCID: PMC5660088 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates, for which no specific preventive or therapeutic agent is available. Here we show that lung micro-RNA (miR)-34a levels are significantly increased in lungs of neonatal mice exposed to hyperoxia. Deletion or inhibition of miR-34a improves the pulmonary phenotype and BPD-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in BPD mouse models, which, conversely, is worsened by miR-34a overexpression. Administration of angiopoietin-1, which is one of the downstream targets of miR34a, is able to ameliorate the BPD pulmonary and PAH phenotypes. Using three independent cohorts of human samples, we show that miR-34a expression is increased in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and BPD. Our data suggest that pharmacologic miR-34a inhibition may be a therapeutic option to prevent or ameliorate HALI/BPD in neonates.
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34
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Chen X, Orriols M, Walther FJ, Laghmani EH, Hoogeboom AM, Hogen-Esch ACB, Hiemstra PS, Folkerts G, Goumans MJTH, Ten Dijke P, Morrell NW, Wagenaar GTM. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Protects against Neonatal Hyperoxia-Induced Impairment of Alveolarization and Pulmonary Inflammation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:486. [PMID: 28751863 PMCID: PMC5507999 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Effective treatment of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is lacking. We hypothesize that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), a ligand of the TGF-β family that binds to the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)-BMP receptor type 2 (BMPR2) receptor complex, may be a novel therapeutic option for BPD. Therefore, we investigated the cardiopulmonary effects of BMP9 in neonatal Wistar rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD. Methods: Directly after birth Wistar rat pups were exposed to 100% oxygen for 10 days. From day 2 rat pups received BMP9 (2.5 μg/kg, twice a day) or 0.9% NaCl by subcutaneous injection. Beneficial effects of BMP9 on aberrant alveolar development, lung inflammation and fibrosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) were investigated by morphometric analysis and cytokine production. In addition, differential mRNA expression of BMP9 and its receptor complex: ALK1, BMPR2, and Endoglin, and of the ALK1 downstream target transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) were studied during the development of experimental BPD. Expression of the BMP9 receptor complex and TMEM100 was studied in human endothelial and epithelial cell cultures and the effect of BMP9 on inflammatory cytokine production and TMEM100 expression was studied in endothelial cell cultures. Results:ALK1, ALK2, BMPRII, TMEM100, and Endoglin were differentially expressed in experimental BPD, suggesting a role for BMP9-dependent signaling in the development of (experimental) BPD. TMEM100 was expressed in the wall of blood vessels, showing an elastin-like expression pattern in arterioles. Expression of TMEM100 mRNA and protein was decreased after exposure to hyperoxia. BMP9 treatment of rat pups with hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD reduced alveolar enlargement, lung septal thickness and fibrosis, and prevented inflammation, but did not attenuate vascular remodeling and RVH. The anti-inflammatory effect of BMP9 was confirmed in vitro. Highest expression of ALK1, BMPR2, and TMEM100 was observed in human endothelial cell cultures. Stimulation of human endothelial cell cultures with BMP9 reduced their pro-inflammatory cytokine response and induced TMEM100 expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Conclusion: BMP9 protects against neonatal hyperoxia-induced BPD by improving aberrant alveolar development, inflammation and fibrosis, demonstrating its therapeutic potential for premature infants with severe BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Mar Orriols
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Frans J Walther
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorrance, CA, United States
| | - El Houari Laghmani
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Annemarie M Hoogeboom
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne C B Hogen-Esch
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Department of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marie-José T H Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth HospitalsCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gerry T M Wagenaar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
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35
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Bultmann-Mellin I, Dinger K, Debuschewitz C, Loewe KMA, Melcher Y, Plum MTW, Appel S, Rappl G, Willenborg S, Schauss AC, Jüngst C, Krüger M, Dressler S, Nakamura T, Wempe F, Alejandre Alcázar MA, Sterner-Kock A. Role of LTBP4 in alveolarization, angiogenesis, and fibrosis in lungs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L687-L698. [PMID: 28684544 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00031.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of the extracellular matrix protein latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-binding protein-4 (LTBP4) results in lack of intact elastic fibers, which leads to disturbed pulmonary development and lack of normal alveolarization in humans and mice. Formation of alveoli and alveolar septation in pulmonary development requires the concerted interaction of extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors such as TGF-β, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts to promote elastogenesis as well as vascular formation in the alveolar septae. To investigate the role of LTBP4 in this context, lungs of LTBP4-deficient (Ltbp4-/-) mice were analyzed in close detail. We elucidate the role of LTBP4 in pulmonary alveolarization and show that three different, interacting mechanisms might contribute to alveolar septation defects in Ltbp4-/- lungs: 1) absence of an intact elastic fiber network, 2) reduced angiogenesis, and 3) upregulation of TGF-β activity resulting in profibrotic processes in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Bultmann-Mellin
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Dinger
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Debuschewitz
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina M A Loewe
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yvonne Melcher
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miro T W Plum
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Appel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gunter Rappl
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Astrid C Schauss
- Cluster of Excellence, Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Related Diseases, Core Facility Imaging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Jüngst
- Cluster of Excellence, Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Related Diseases, Core Facility Imaging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence, Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Related Diseases, Core Facility Proteomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Dressler
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tomoyuki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan; and
| | - Frank Wempe
- Department of Molecular Hematology, University of Frankfurt Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcázar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Sterner-Kock
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;
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36
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Lung function development after preterm birth in relation to severity of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. BMC Pulm Med 2017; 17:97. [PMID: 28666441 PMCID: PMC5493015 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-017-0441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a strong risk factor for respiratory morbidity in children born preterm. Our aims were to evaluate lung function in adolescents born preterm with and without a history of BPD, and to assess lung function change over time from school age. METHODS Fifty-one individuals born in Stockholm, Sweden between gestational ages 24 to 31 weeks (23 neonatally diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) but not BPD, and 28 graded as mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 7) or severe (n = 4) BPD) were examined in adolescence (13-17 years of age) using spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS), plethysmography, and ergospirometry. Comparison with lung function data from school age (6-8 years of age) was also performed. RESULTS Adolescents with a history of BPD had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) compared to those without BPD (-0.61 vs.-0.02 z-scores, P < 0.05), with lower FEV1 values significantly associated with BPD severity (P for trend 0.002). Subjects with severe BPD had higher frequency dependence of resistance, R5-20, (P < 0.001 vs. non-BPD subjects) which is an IOS indicator of peripheral airway involvement. Between school age and adolescence, FEV1/FVC z-scores decreased in all groups and particularly in the severe BPD group (from -1.68 z-scores at 6-8 years to -2.74 z-scores at 13-17 years, p < 0.05 compared to the non-BPD group). CONCLUSIONS Our results of spirometry and IOS measures in the BPD groups compared to the non-BPD group suggest airway obstruction including involvement of peripheral airways. The longitudinal result of a decrease in FEV1/FVC in the group with severe BPD might implicate a route towards chronic airway obstruction in adulthood.
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37
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Zhang H, Du L, Zhong Y, Flanders KC, Roberts JD. Transforming growth factor-β stimulates Smad1/5 signaling in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts of the newborn mouse through ALK1. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28642261 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00079.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular signaling mechanisms through which TGF-β regulates pulmonary development are incompletely understood. Canonical TGF-β signaling involves Smad2/3 phosphorylation, Smad2/3·Smad4 complex formation and nuclear localization, and gene regulation. Here, we show that physiologically relevant TGF-β1 levels also stimulate Smad1/5 phosphorylation, which is typically a mediator of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, in mouse pup pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (mPASMC) and lung fibroblasts and other interstitial lung cell lines. This cross-talk mechanism likely has in vivo relevance because mixed Smad1/5/8·Smad2/3 complexes, which are indicative of TGF-β-stimulated Smad1/5 activation, were detected in the developing mouse lung using a proximity ligation assay. Although mixed Smad complexes have been shown not to transduce nuclear signaling, we determined that TGF-β stimulates nuclear localization of phosphorylated Smad1/5 and induces the expression of prototypical BMP-regulated genes in the mPASMC. Small-molecule kinase inhibitor studies suggested that TGF-β-regulated Smad1/5 phosphorylation in these cells is mediated by TGF-β-type I receptors, not BMP-type I receptors, but possibly the accessory activin-like kinase (ALK1) receptor. Although work by others suggested that ALK1 is expressed exclusively in endothelial cells in the vasculature, we detected ALK1 mRNA and protein expression in mPASMC in vitro and in mouse pup lungs. Moreover, using an antimurine ALK1 antibody and mPASMC, we determined that ALK1 regulates Smad1/5 phosphorylation by TGF-β. Together, these studies characterize an accessory TGF-β-stimulated BMP R-Smad signaling mechanism in interstitial cells of the developing lung. They also indicate the importance of considering alternate Smad pathways in studies directed at determining how TGF-β regulates newborn lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center of the General Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lili Du
- Cardiovascular Research Center of the General Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Center of the General Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathleen C Flanders
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Jesse D Roberts
- Cardiovascular Research Center of the General Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; .,Department of Anesthesia and the Division of Newborn Medicine in the Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ota C, Baarsma HA, Wagner DE, Hilgendorff A, Königshoff M. Linking bronchopulmonary dysplasia to adult chronic lung diseases: role of WNT signaling. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:34. [PMID: 27718180 PMCID: PMC5055515 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common chronic lung diseases in infants caused by pre- and/or postnatal lung injury. BPD is characterized by arrested alveolarization and vascularization due to extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, and impaired growth factor signaling. WNT signaling is a critical pathway for normal lung development, and its altered signaling has been shown to be involved in the onset and progression of incurable chronic lung diseases in adulthood, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this review, we summarize the impact of WNT signaling on different stages of lung development and its potential contribution to developmental lung diseases, especially BPD, and chronic lung diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Ota
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,The Perinatal Center, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Shahzad T, Radajewski S, Chao CM, Bellusci S, Ehrhardt H. Pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: when inflammation meets organ development. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:23. [PMID: 27357257 PMCID: PMC4927524 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease of preterm infants. It is caused by the disturbance of physiologic lung development mainly in the saccular stage with lifelong restrictions of pulmonary function and an increased risk of abnormal somatic and psychomotor development. The contributors to this disease’s entity are multifactorial with pre- and postnatal origin. Central to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary is the induction of a massive pulmonary inflammatory response due to mechanical ventilation and oxygen toxicity. The extent of the pro-inflammatory reaction and the disturbance of further alveolar growth and vasculogenesis vary largely and can be modified by prenatal infections, antenatal steroids, and surfactant application. This minireview summarizes the important recent research findings on the pulmonary inflammatory reaction obtained in patient cohorts and in experimental models. Unfortunately, recent changes in clinical practice based on these findings had only limited impact on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyab Shahzad
- 1Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,University of Giessen Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, Member of the German Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sarah Radajewski
- 1Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,University of Giessen Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, Member of the German Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- 1Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,University of Giessen Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, Member of the German Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- University of Giessen Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, Member of the German Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- 1Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstrasse 12, D-35392 Gießen, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany. .,University of Giessen Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Systems, Member of the German Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine II, Aulweg 130, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Boucherat O, Morissette MC, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Maltais F. Bridging Lung Development with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Relevance of Developmental Pathways in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:362-75. [PMID: 26681127 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1518pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation. This generic term encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis, two common conditions, each having distinct but also overlapping features. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies have challenged the traditional view that COPD is exclusively an adult disease occurring after years of inhalational insults to the lungs, pinpointing abnormalities or disruption of the pathways that control lung development as an important susceptibility factor for adult COPD. In addition, there is growing evidence that emphysema is not solely a destructive process because it is also characterized by a failure in cell and molecular maintenance programs necessary for proper lung development. This leads to the concept that tissue regeneration required stimulation of signaling pathways that normally operate during development. We undertook a review of the literature to outline the contribution of developmental insults and genes in the occurrence and pathogenesis of COPD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu C Morissette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - François Maltais
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Bao TP, Wu R, Cheng HP, Cui XW, Tian ZF. Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs in hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:299-309. [PMID: 27137150 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ping Bao
- Department of Neonatology, Huai'an First People's Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Huai'an Jiangsu China
| | - Rong Wu
- Neonatal Medical Centre; Huai'an Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital; Huai'an Jiangsu China
| | - Huai-Ping Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, Huai'an First People's Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Huai'an Jiangsu China
| | - Xian-Wei Cui
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Fang Tian
- Department of Neonatology, Huai'an First People's Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Huai'an Jiangsu China
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Ahlfeld SK, Wang J, Gao Y, Snider P, Conway SJ. Initial Suppression of Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling and Loss of TGFBI Causes Early Alveolar Structural Defects Resulting in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:777-93. [PMID: 26878215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Septation of the gas-exchange saccules of the morphologically immature mouse lung requires regulated timing, spatial direction, and dosage of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. We found that neonatal hyperoxia acutely initially diminished saccular TGF-β signaling coincident with alveolar simplification. However, sustained hyperoxia resulted in a biphasic response and subsequent up-regulation of TGF-β signaling, ultimately resulting in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Significantly, we found that the TGF-β-induced matricellular protein (TGFBI) was similarly biphasically altered in response to hyperoxia. Moreover, genetic ablation revealed that TGFBI was required for normal alveolar structure and function. Although the phenotype was not neonatal lethal, Tgfbi-deficient lungs were morphologically abnormal. Mutant septal tips were stunted, lacked elastin-positive tips, exhibited reduced proliferation, and contained abnormally persistent alveolar α-smooth muscle actin myofibroblasts. In addition, Tgfbi-deficient lungs misexpressed TGF-β-responsive follistatin and serpine 1, and transiently suppressed myofibroblast platelet-derived growth factor α differentiation marker. Finally, despite normal lung volume, Tgfbi-null lungs displayed diminished elastic recoil and gas exchange efficiency. Combined, these data demonstrate that initial suppression of the TGF-β signaling apparatus, as well as loss of key TGF-β effectors (like TGFBI), underlies early alveolar structural defects, as well as long-lasting functional deficits routinely observed in chronic lung disease of infancy patients. These studies underline the complex (and often contradictory) role of TGF-β and indicate a need to design studies to associate alterations with initial appearance of phenotypical changes suggestive of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn K Ahlfeld
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jian Wang
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Yong Gao
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Paige Snider
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Jobe AH. Animal Models, Learning Lessons to Prevent and Treat Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:49. [PMID: 26301222 PMCID: PMC4528292 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a unique injury syndrome caused by prolonged injury and repair imposed on an immature and developing lung. The decreased septation and decreased microvascular development phenotype of BPD can be reproduced in newborn rodents with increased chronic oxygen exposure and in premature primates and sheep with oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation. The inflammation caused by oxidants, inflammatory agonists, and/or stretch injury from mechanical ventilation seems to promote the anatomic abnormalities. Multiple interventions targeted to specific inflammatory cells or pathways or targeted to decreasing ventilation-mediated injury can substantially prevent the anatomic changes associated with BPD in term rodents and in preterm sheep or primate models. Most of the anti-inflammatory therapies with benefit in animal models have not been tested clinically. None of the interventions that have been tested clinically are as effective as anticipated from the animal models. These inconsistencies in responses likely are explained by the antenatal differences in lung exposures of the developing animals relative to very preterm humans. The animals generally have normal lungs while the lungs of preterm infants are exposed variably to intrauterine inflammation, growth abnormalities, antenatal corticosteroids, and poorly understood effects from the causes of preterm delivery. The animal models have been essential for the definition of the mediators that can cause a BPD phenotype. These models will be necessary to develop and test future-targeted interventions to prevent and treat BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Jobe
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH , USA
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Chao CM, El Agha E, Tiozzo C, Minoo P, Bellusci S. A breath of fresh air on the mesenchyme: impact of impaired mesenchymal development on the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:27. [PMID: 25973420 PMCID: PMC4412070 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The early mouse embryonic lung, with its robust and apparently reproducible branching pattern, has always fascinated developmental biologists. They have extensively used this embryonic organ to decipher the role of mammalian orthologs of Drosophila genes in controlling the process of branching morphogenesis. During the early pseudoglandular stage, the embryonic lung is formed mostly of tubes that keep on branching. As the branching takes place, progenitor cells located in niches are also amplified and progressively differentiate along the proximo-distal and dorso-ventral axes of the lung. Such elaborate processes require coordinated interactions between signaling molecules arising from and acting on four functional domains: the epithelium, the endothelium, the mesenchyme, and the mesothelium. These interactions, quite well characterized in a relatively simple lung tubular structure remain elusive in the successive developmental and postnatal phases of lung development. In particular, a better understanding of the process underlying the formation of secondary septa, key structural units characteristic of the alveologenesis phase, is still missing. This structure is critical for the formation of a mature lung as it allows the subdivision of saccules in the early neonatal lung into alveoli, thereby considerably expanding the respiratory surface. Interruption of alveologenesis in preterm neonates underlies the pathogenesis of chronic neonatal lung disease known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. De novo formation of secondary septae appears also to be the limiting factor for lung regeneration in human patients with emphysema. In this review, we will therefore focus on what is known in terms of interactions between the different lung compartments and discuss the current understanding of mesenchymal cell lineage formation in the lung, focusing on secondary septae formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Giessen , Giessen , Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center , Giessen , Germany ; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) , Giessen , Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center , Giessen , Germany ; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) , Giessen , Germany
| | - Caterina Tiozzo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University , New York, NY , USA
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center , Giessen , Germany ; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) , Giessen , Germany ; Saban Research Institute, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA ; Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia
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45
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Belcastro R, Lopez L, Li J, Masood A, Tanswell AK. Chronic lung injury in the neonatal rat: up-regulation of TGFβ1 and nitration of IGF-R1 by peroxynitrite as likely contributors to impaired alveologenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 80:1-11. [PMID: 25514442 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal alveolarization is regulated by a number of growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) acting through the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-R1). Exposure of the neonatal rat lung to 60% O2 for 14 days results in impairments of lung cell proliferation, secondary crest formation, and alveologenesis. This lung injury is mediated by peroxynitrite and is prevented by treatment with a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. We hypothesized that one of the mechanisms by which peroxynitrite induces lung injury in 60% O2 is through nitration and inactivation of critical growth factors or their receptors. Increased nitration of both IGF-I and IGF-R1 was evident in 60% O2-exposed lungs, which was reversible by concurrent treatment with a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. Increased nitration of the IGF-R1 was associated with its reduced activation, as assessed by IGF-R1 phosphotyrosine content. IGF-I displacement binding plots were conducted in vitro using rat fetal lung distal epithelial cells which respond to IGF-I by an increase in DNA synthesis. When IGF-I was nitrated to a degree similar to that observed in vivo there was minimal, if any, effect on IGF-I displacement binding. In contrast, nitrating cell IGF-R1 to a similar degree to that observed in vivo completely prevented specific binding of IGF-I to the IGF-R1, and attenuated an IGF-I-mediated increase in DNA synthesis. Additionally, we hypothesized that peroxynitrite also impairs alveologenesis by being an upstream regulator of the growth inhibitor, TGFβ1. That 60% O2-induced impairment of alveologenesis was mediated in part by TGFβ1 was confirmed by demonstrating an improvement in secondary crest formation when 60% O2-exposed pups received concurrent treatment with the TGFß1 activin receptor-like kinase, SB 431542. That the increased TGFβ1 content in lungs of pups exposed to 60% O2 was regulated by peroxynitrite was confirmed by its attenuation by concurrent treatment with a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. We conclude that peroxynitrite contributes to the impaired alveologenesis observed following the exposure of neonatal rats to 60% O2 both by preventing binding of IGF-I to the IGF-R1, secondary to nitration of the IGF-R1, and by causing an up-regulation of the growth inhibitor, TGFβ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosetta Belcastro
- Lung Biology Programme, Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8
| | - Lianet Lopez
- Lung Biology Programme, Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8
| | - Jun Li
- Lung Biology Programme, Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8
| | - Azhar Masood
- Lung Biology Programme, Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8
| | - A Keith Tanswell
- Lung Biology Programme, Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8.
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Sureshbabu A, Syed MA, Boddupalli CS, Dhodapkar MV, Homer RJ, Minoo P, Bhandari V. Conditional overexpression of TGFβ1 promotes pulmonary inflammation, apoptosis and mortality via TGFβR2 in the developing mouse lung. Respir Res 2015; 16:4. [PMID: 25591994 PMCID: PMC4307226 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-014-0162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Earlier studies have reported that transforming growth factor beta 1(TGFβ1) is a critical mediator of hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) in developing lungs, leading to impaired alveolarization and a pulmonary phenotype of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, the mechanisms responsible for the TGFβ1-induced inflammatory signals that lead to cell death and abnormal alveolarization are poorly understood. We hypothesized that TGFβ1 signaling via TGFβR2 is necessary for the pathogenesis of the BPD pulmonary phenotype resulting from HALI. Methods We utilized lung epithelial cell-specific TGFβ1 overexpressing transgenic and TGFβR2 null mutant mice to evaluate the effects on neonatal mortality as well as pulmonary inflammation and apoptosis in developing lungs. Lung morphometry was performed to determine the impaired alveolarization and multicolor flow cytometry studies were performed to detect inflammatory macrophages and monocytes in lungs. Apoptotic cell death was measured with TUNEL assay, immunohistochemistry and western blotting and protein expression of angiogenic mediators were also analyzed. Results Our data reveals that increased TGFβ1 expression in newborn mice lungs leads to increased mortality, macrophage and immature monocyte infiltration, apoptotic cell death specifically in Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), impaired alveolarization, and dysregulated angiogenic molecular markers. Conclusions Our study has demonstrated the potential role of inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling via TGFβR2 for improved survival, reduced inflammation and apoptosis that may provide insights for the development of potential therapeutic strategies targeted against HALI and BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angara Sureshbabu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Mansoor A Syed
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Chandra Sekhar Boddupalli
- Department of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Madhav V Dhodapkar
- Department of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Robert J Homer
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Luan Y, Ding W, Ju ZY, Zhang ZH, Zhang X, Kong F. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against lung injury in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1945-50. [PMID: 25406024 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the treatment of lung injury in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and examine the underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of BPD was created using continuous exposure to high oxygen levels for 14 days. BMSCs were isolated, cultured and then labeled with green fluorescent protein. Cells (1x106) were subsequently injected intravenously 1 h prior to high oxygen treatment. Animals were randomly divided into three groups (n=5 in each): Control group, BPD model group and BMSC injection group. At two weeks post‑treatment, the expression of transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) was detected using immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence. Compared with the BPD model group, the body weight, airway structure and levels of TGF‑β1 and VEGF were significantly improved in the BMSC‑treated group. Immunofluorescence observations indicated that BMSCs were able to differentiate into cells expressing vWF and VEGF, which are markers of vascular tissues. The present study demonstrated that intravenous injection of BMSCs significantly improved lung damage in a neonatal mouse model of BPD at 14 days following hyperoxia‑induced injury. This provides novel information which may be used to guide further investigation into the use of stem cells in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luan
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Radiology, Rizhao City People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276807, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ye Ju
- Department of Radiology, Rizhao City People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276807, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Kong
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
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Collins JJP, Thébaud B. Lung mesenchymal stromal cells in development and disease: to serve and protect? Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1849-62. [PMID: 24350665 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a disease of the developing lung that afflicts extreme preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Follow-up studies into adulthood show that BPD is not merely a problem of the neonatal period, as it also may predispose to early-onset emphysema and poor lung function in later life. RECENT ADVANCES The increasing promise of bone marrow- or umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to repair neonatal and adult lung diseases may for the first time offer the chance to make substantial strides in improving the outcome of extreme premature infants at risk of developing BPD. As more knowledge has been obtained on MSCs over the past decades, it has become clear that each organ has its own reservoir of endogenous MSCs, including the lung. CRITICAL ISSUES We have only barely scratched the surface on what resident lung MSCs exactly are and what their role and function in lung development may be. Moreover, what happens to these putative repair cells in BPD when alveolar development goes awry and why do their counterparts from the bone marrow and umbilical cord succeed in restoring normal alveolar development when they themselves do not? FUTURE DIRECTIONS Much work remains to be carried out to validate lung MSCs, but with the high potential of MSC-based treatment for BPD and other lung diseases, a thorough understanding of the endogenous lung MSC will be pivotal to get to the bottom of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J P Collins
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
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49
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Popova AP, Bentley JK, Cui TX, Richardson MN, Linn MJ, Lei J, Chen Q, Goldsmith AM, Pryhuber GS, Hershenson MB. Reduced platelet-derived growth factor receptor expression is a primary feature of human bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L231-9. [PMID: 24907056 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00342.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling is required for normal alveolarization. Changes in PDGF receptor (PDGFR) expression in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease of hypoalveolarization, have not been examined. We hypothesized that PDGFR expression is reduced in neonatal lung mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from infants who develop BPD. MSCs from tracheal aspirates of premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation in the first week of life were studied. MSC migration was assessed in a Boyden chamber. Human lung tissue was obtained from the University of Rochester Neonatal Lung Biorepository. Neonatal mice were exposed to air or 75% oxygen for 14 days. PDGFR expression was quantified by qPCR, immunoblotting, and stereology. MSCs were isolated from 25 neonates (mean gestational age 27.7 wk); 13 developed BPD and 12 did not. MSCs from infants who develop BPD showed lower PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β mRNA and protein expression and decreased migration to PDGF isoforms. Lungs from infants dying with BPD show thickened alveolar walls and paucity of PDGFR-α-positive cells in the dysmorphic alveolar septa. Similarly, lungs from hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice showed lower expression of PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β, with significant reductions in the volume of PDGFR-α-positive alveolar tips. In conclusion, MSCs from infants who develop BPD hold stable alterations in PDGFR gene expression that favor hypoalveolarization. These data demonstrate that defective PDGFR signaling is a primary feature of human BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia P Popova
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J Kelley Bentley
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tracy X Cui
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michelle N Richardson
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Marisa J Linn
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Adam M Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Marc B Hershenson
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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50
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Grafe I, Yang T, Alexander S, Homan E, Lietman C, Jiang MM, Bertin T, Munivez E, Chen Y, Dawson B, Ishikawa Y, Weis MA, Sampath TK, Ambrose C, Eyre D, Bächinger HP, Lee B. Excessive transforming growth factor-β signaling is a common mechanism in osteogenesis imperfecta. Nat Med 2014; 20:670-5. [PMID: 24793237 PMCID: PMC4048326 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder, in both a dominant and recessive manner, of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones, fractures and extraskeletal manifestations. How structural mutations of type I collagen (dominant OI) or of its post-translational modification machinery (recessive OI) can cause abnormal quality and quantity of bone is poorly understood. Notably, the clinical overlap between dominant and recessive forms of OI suggests common molecular pathomechanisms. Here, we show that excessive transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is a mechanism of OI in both recessive (Crtap(-/-)) and dominant (Col1a2(tm1.1Mcbr)) OI mouse models. In the skeleton, we find higher expression of TGF-β target genes, higher ratio of phosphorylated Smad2 to total Smad2 protein and higher in vivo Smad2 reporter activity. Moreover, the type I collagen of Crtap(-/-) mice shows reduced binding to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan decorin, a known regulator of TGF-β activity. Anti-TGF-β treatment using the neutralizing antibody 1D11 corrects the bone phenotype in both forms of OI and improves the lung abnormalities in Crtap(-/-) mice. Hence, altered TGF-β matrix-cell signaling is a primary mechanism in the pathogenesis of OI and could be a promising target for the treatment of OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Grafe
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stefanie Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erica Homan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caressa Lietman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ming Ming Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Terry Bertin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elda Munivez
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Mary Ann Weis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Catherine Ambrose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Eyre
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans Peter Bächinger
- Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
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