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Lautz LS, Melchers TC, Noorlander A, Stoopen G, Arrizabalaga-Larrañaga A. Application of a generic PBK model for beef cattle: Tissue/fluid correlations of paracetamol and NSAIDs. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114812. [PMID: 38879144 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol can be administered off-label to cattle. Since the use of these veterinary medicines in cattle may pose a public health risk after meat consumption, it is important to translate measured concentrations in urine and tissues into concentrations in meat for human consumption. A generic physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model for cattle can enable this translation. In this work, a beef cattle PBK model was applied to calculate the relationships between concentrations in different bovine tissues and those were compared to measured concentrations in different matrices. Sixty-seven kidney samples, the corresponding urine and meat samples, and available 19 serum samples were analysed. Overall, 70% of the PBK model predictions are within a 2-fold factor and relationships for kidney/meat, urine/meat, and plasma/meat ratios were established. The conversions of measured kidney concentrations into meat concentrations were mostly within a factor two, while those based on plasma and urine were underpredicted. Based on these ratios, plasma and urine could be used as an appropriate surrogate matrix for a fast, simple in vivo sample screening test under field conditions, such as in local farms and slaughterhouses, to predict a maximum residue level exceedance in meat, reducing the number of test samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Lautz
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - T C Melchers
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Noorlander
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - G Stoopen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Arrizabalaga-Larrañaga
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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2
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Bade R, Huchthausen J, Huber C, Dewapriya P, Tscharke BJ, Verhagen R, Puljevic C, Escher BI, O'Brien JW. Improving wastewater-based epidemiology for new psychoactive substance surveillance by combining a high-throughput in vitro metabolism assay and LC-HRMS metabolite identification. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121297. [PMID: 38354662 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
One of the primary criteria for a suitable drug biomarker for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is having a unique source representing human metabolism. For WBE studies, this means it is important to identify and monitor metabolites rather than parent drugs, to capture consumption of drugs and not fractions that could be directly disposed. In this study, a high-throughput workflow based on a human liver S9 fraction in vitro metabolism assay was developed to identify human transformation products of new chemicals, using α-pyrrolidino-2-phenylacetophenone (α-D2PV) as a case study. Analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry identified four metabolites. Subsequently, a targeted liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for their analysis in wastewater samples collected from a music festival in Australia. The successful application of this workflow opens the door for future work to better understand the metabolism of chemicals and their detection and application for wastewater-based epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bade
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia.
| | | | - Carolin Huber
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pradeep Dewapriya
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Tscharke
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Rory Verhagen
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Cheneal Puljevic
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Beate I Escher
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jake W O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia; Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Thomson P, Fragkas N, Kafu LM, Aithal GP, Lucena MI, Terracciano L, Meng X, Pirmohamed M, Brees D, Kullak‐Ublick GA, Odermatt A, Hammond T, Kammüller M, Naisbitt DJ. Patients with naproxen-induced liver injury display T-cell memory responses toward an oxidative (S)-O-desmethyl naproxen metabolite but not the acyl glucuronide. Allergy 2024; 79:200-214. [PMID: 37515456 PMCID: PMC10952231 DOI: 10.1111/all.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (IBU) and naproxen (NAP) is associated with idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Carboxylate bioactivation into reactive metabolites (e.g., acyl glucuronides, AG) and resulting T-cell activation is hypothesized as causal for this adverse event. However, conclusive evidence supporting this is lacking. METHODS In this work, we identify CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell hepatic infiltration in a biopsy from an IBU DILI patient. Lymphocyte transformation test and IFN-γ ELIspot, conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with NAP-DILI, were used to explore drug-specific T-cell activation. T-cell clones (TCC) were generated and tested for drug specificity, phenotype/function, and pathways of T-cell activation. Cells were exposed to NAP, its oxidative metabolite 6-O-desmethyl NAP (DM-NAP), its AG or synthesized NAP-AG human-serum albumin adducts (NAP-AG adduct). RESULTS CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells from patients expressing a range of different Vβ receptors were stimulated to proliferate and secrete IFN-γ and IL-22 when exposed to DM-NAP, but not NAP, NAP-AG or the NAP-AG adduct. Activation of the CD4+ TCC was HLA-DQ-restricted and dependent on antigen presenting cells (APC); most TCC were activated with DM-NAP-pulsed APC, while fixation of APC blocked the T-cell response. Cross-reactivity was not observed with structurally-related drugs. CONCLUSION Our results confirm hepatic T-cell infiltrations in NSAID-induced DILI, and show a T-cell memory response toward DM-NAP indicating an immune-mediated basis for the adverse event. Whilst bioactivation at the carboxylate group is widely hypothesized to be pathogenic for NSAID associated DILI, we found no evidence of this with NAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Thomson
- Molecular& Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Nik Fragkas
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Laila M. Kafu
- Molecular& Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Guruprasad P. Aithal
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, West Block, Queen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - M. Isabel Lucena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo y Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUniversidad de Málaga, CIBERehdMalagaSpain
| | | | - Xiaoli Meng
- Molecular& Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Molecular& Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | | | - Gerd A. Kullak‐Ublick
- University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Novartis Global Drug DevelopmentBaselSwitzerland
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular & Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Thomas Hammond
- Division of Molecular & Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences R&DCambridgeUK
| | | | - Dean J. Naisbitt
- Molecular& Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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Wroblewski TH, Witt KE, Lee SB, Malhi RS, Peede D, Huerta-Sánchez E, Villanea FA, Claw KG. Pharmacogenetic Variation in Neanderthals and Denisovans and Implications for Human Health and Response to Medications. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad222. [PMID: 38051947 PMCID: PMC10727477 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern humans carry both Neanderthal and Denisovan (archaic) genome elements that are part of the human gene pool and affect the life and health of living individuals. The impact of archaic DNA may be particularly evident in pharmacogenes-genes responsible for the processing of exogenous substances such as food, pollutants, and medications-as these can relate to changing environmental effects, and beneficial variants may have been retained as modern humans encountered new environments. However, the health implications and contribution of archaic ancestry in pharmacogenes of modern humans remain understudied. Here, we explore 11 key cytochrome P450 genes (CYP450) involved in 75% of all drug metabolizing reactions in three Neanderthal and one Denisovan individuals and examine archaic introgression in modern human populations. We infer the metabolizing efficiency of these 11 CYP450 genes in archaic individuals and find important predicted phenotypic differences relative to modern human variants. We identify several single nucleotide variants shared between archaic and modern humans in each gene, including some potentially function-altering mutations in archaic CYP450 genes, which may result in altered metabolism in living people carrying these variants. We also identified several variants in the archaic CYP450 genes that are novel and unique to archaic humans as well as one gene, CYP2B6, that shows evidence for a gene duplication found only in Neanderthals and modern Africans. Finally, we highlight CYP2A6, CYP2C9, and CYP2J2, genes which show evidence for archaic introgression into modern humans and posit evolutionary hypotheses that explain their allele frequencies in modern populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz H Wroblewski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelsey E Witt
- Center for Human Genetics and Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, South Carolina, USA
| | - Seung-been Lee
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ripan S Malhi
- Department of Anthropology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - David Peede
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology and Center for Computational and Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Emilia Huerta-Sánchez
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology and Center for Computational and Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Katrina G Claw
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Jin Y, Zhang M, Di X, Qi X, Zheng L, Wang Z. Comparison of intravenous ibuprofen pharmacokinetics between Caucasian and Chinese populations using physiologically based pharmacokinetics modeling and simulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 191:106587. [PMID: 37734467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is widely used as an antipyretic and analgesic in adults and children. This study was designed to evaluate ethnic differences by comparing the pharmacokinetics of intravenous ibuprofen in Caucasian and Chinese populations using physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modeling and simulation. METHODS A PBPK model for intravenous ibuprofen was developed in adults and children utilizing the Simcyp Simulator. The model was tested and verified against published literature and unpublished data obtained from the Caucasian adult population, Caucasian pediatric population and Chinese adult population. RESULTS The developed PBPK model could adequately pilot the pharmacokinetics of intravenous ibuprofen, and the major observed values were within the 90% prediction interval in both adults and children. Both folding errors of the maximum peak concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were 1.5-fold less in the Caucasian and Chinese populations. In addition, no significant differences in weight-normalized Cmax and AUC were observed between the Caucasian and Chinese adult populations. Moreover, there were no obvious pharmacokinetic differences between the Caucasian and Chinese pediatric populations with intravenous infusion (10 minutes) of 10 mg/kg by age group. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the pharmacokinetic profile and the parameters of intravenous ibuprofen are analogous in Caucasian and Chinese populations, either adults or children. In addition, this study provides effective evidence that the dosing scheme of intravenous ibuprofen in Chinese children can remain the same as the regimen that the original company (Caldolor®) provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Xiangjie Di
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Xiaohui Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Zhenlei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.
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Choi S, Shim WS, Yoon J, Choi D, Lee J, Paik SH, Chung EK, Lee KT. A Validated Chiral LC–MS/MS Method for the Enantioselective Determination of (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-Ibuprofen in Dog Plasma: Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030824. [PMID: 36986684 PMCID: PMC10051808 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a method for simultaneously separating ibuprofen enantiomers using electrospray ionization (ESI) liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). LC–MS/MS was operated with negative ionization and multiple reaction monitoring modes; transitions were monitored at m/z of 205.1 > 160.9 for ibuprofen enantiomers, 208.1 > 163.9 for (S)-(+)-ibuprofen-d3 [internal standard 1 (IS1)], and 253.1 > 208.9 for (S)-(+)-ketoprofen (IS2), respectively. In a one-step liquid–liquid extraction, 10 μL plasma was extracted with ethyl acetate:methyl tertiary-butyl ether of 7:3. Enantiomer chromatographic separation was carried out with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 0.008% formic acid in water–methanol (v/v) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min on a CHIRALCEL® OJ-3R column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3 µm). This method was fully validated for each enantiomer and results were in compliance with the regulatory guidelines of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The validated assay was executed for nonclinical pharmacokinetic studies after oral and intravenous administration of racemic ibuprofen and dexibuprofen in beagle dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang-Seob Shim
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yoon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Doowon Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseong Lee
- Department of BD&RA Division, BNC KOREA Inc., Seoul 06296, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Heui Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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The Intestinal and Biliary Metabolites of Ibuprofen in the Rat with Experimental Hyperglycemia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134000. [PMID: 35807248 PMCID: PMC9268267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is reported to be associated with oxidative stress. It can result in changes in the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes and membrane-integrated transporters, which can modify the fate of drugs and other xenobiotics; furthermore, it can result in the formation of non-enzyme catalyzed oxidative metabolites. The present work aimed to investigate how experimental hyperglycemia affects the intestinal and biliary appearance of the oxidative and Phase II metabolites of ibuprofen in rats. In vivo studies were performed by luminal perfusion of 250 μM racemic ibuprofen solution in control and streptozotocin-treated (hyperglycemic) rats. Analysis of the collected intestinal perfusate and bile samples was performed by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS. No oxidative metabolites could be detected in the perfusate samples. The biliary appearance of ibuprofen, 2-hydroxyibuprofen, ibuprofen glucuronide, hydroxylated ibuprofen glucuronide, and ibuprofen taurate was depressed in the hyperglycemic animals. However, no specific non-enzymatic (hydroxyl radical initiated) hydroxylation product could be detected. Instead, the depression of biliary excretion of ibuprofen and ibuprofen metabolites turned out to be the indicative marker of hyperglycemia. The observed changes impact the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered in hyperglycemic individuals.
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8
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Pharmacogenetics and Pain Treatment with a Focus on Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Antidepressants: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061190. [PMID: 35745763 PMCID: PMC9228102 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This systematic review summarizes the impact of pharmacogenetics on the effect and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antidepressants when used for pain treatment. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines regarding the human in vivo efficacy and safety of NSAIDs and antidepressants in pain treatment that take pharmacogenetic parameters into consideration. Studies were collected from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to the cutoff date 18 October 2021. Results: Twenty-five articles out of the 6547 initially detected publications were identified. Relevant medication–gene interactions were noted for drug safety. Interactions important for pain management were detected for (1) ibuprofen/CYP2C9; (2) celecoxib/CYP2C9; (3) piroxicam/CYP2C8, CYP2C9; (4) diclofenac/CYP2C9, UGT2B7, CYP2C8, ABCC2; (5) meloxicam/CYP2C9; (6) aspirin/CYP2C9, SLCO1B1, and CHST2; (7) amitriptyline/CYP2D6 and CYP2C19; (8) imipramine/CYP2C19; (9) nortriptyline/CYP2C19, CYP2D6, ABCB1; and (10) escitalopram/HTR2C, CYP2C19, and CYP1A2. Conclusions: Overall, a lack of well powered human in vivo studies assessing the pharmacogenetics in pain patients treated with NSAIDs or antidepressants is noted. Studies indicate a higher risk for partly severe side effects for the CYP2C9 poor metabolizers and NSAIDs. Further in vivo studies are needed to consolidate the relevant polymorphisms in NSAID safety as well as in the efficacy of NSAIDs and antidepressants in pain management.
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Edison PE, Chen S, Yeo CL, Allen JC, Poon WB, Baral VR, Chowbay B. Pharmacokinetics of oral versus intravenous ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus: A pilot randomised controlled study. J Paediatr Child Health 2022; 58:397-403. [PMID: 34477275 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM This pilot study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm neonates. METHODS In a single-centre, parallel, randomised open-label trial, neonates ≤35 weeks, weight <1800 g with haemodynamically significant PDA during the first week of life were recruited between June 2017 and February 2019 and randomised to receive either PO or IV ibuprofen at standard dosage of 10, 5 and 5 mg/kg every 24 h for three consecutive days. Plasma concentrations of ibuprofen were quantified using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Treatment outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Eleven neonates participated in the trial, six and five patients receiving PO and IV ibuprofen, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis reveals similar ibuprofen exposure levels in treatment groups. Median dose- and weight-normalised Cmax values of PO and IV groups were 2.12 and 2.53 g/mL respectively (P = 0.082) and median AUC0-24 levels were comparable (PO: 34.6 g*h/mL vs. IV: 50.7.6 g*h/mL, P = 0.25). CONCLUSION This exploratory study demonstrates comparable pharmacokinetics of PO and IV formulations of ibuprofen in preterm neonates. Larger prospective studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyantha Ebenezer Edison
- Department of Neonatal & Developmental Medicine, The Academia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheo Lian Yeo
- Department of Neonatal & Developmental Medicine, The Academia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John C Allen
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woei Bing Poon
- Department of Neonatal & Developmental Medicine, The Academia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vijayendra R Baral
- Department of Neonatal & Developmental Medicine, The Academia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Balram Chowbay
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Construction of a fused grid-based template system of CYP2C9 and its application. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 45:100451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Macías Y, García-Menaya JM, Martí M, Cordobés C, Jurado-Escobar R, Cornejo-García JA, Torres MJ, Blanca-López N, Canto G, Blanca M, Laguna JJ, Bartra J, Rosado A, Fernández J, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Lack of Major Involvement of Common CYP2C Gene Polymorphisms in the Risk of Developing Cross-Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:648262. [PMID: 34621165 PMCID: PMC8490926 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.648262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a relatively common, non-allergic, adverse drug event triggered by two or more chemically unrelated NSAIDs. Current evidence point to COX-1 inhibition as one of the main factors in its etiopathogenesis. Evidence also suggests that the risk is dose-dependent. Therefore it could be speculated that individuals with impaired NSAID biodisposition might be at increased risk of developing cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. We analyzed common functional gene variants for CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 in a large cohort composed of 499 patients with cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs and 624 healthy individuals who tolerated NSAIDs. Patients were analyzed as a whole group and subdivided in three groups according to the main enzymes involved in the metabolism of the culprit drugs as follows: CYP2C9, aceclofenac, indomethacin, naproxen, piroxicam, meloxicam, lornoxicam, and celecoxib; CYP2C8 plus CYP2C9, ibuprofen and diclofenac; CYP2C19 plus CYP2C9, metamizole. Genotype calls ranged from 94 to 99%. No statistically significant differences between patients and controls were identified in this study, either for allele frequencies, diplotypes, or inferred phenotypes. After patient stratification according to the enzymes involved in the metabolism of the culprit drugs, or according to the clinical presentation of the hypersensitivity reaction, we identified weak significant associations of a lower frequency (as compared to that of control subjects) of CYP2C8*3/*3 genotypes in patients receiving NSAIDs that are predominantly CYP2C9 substrates, and in patients with NSAIDs-exacerbated cutaneous disease. However, these associations lost significance after False Discovery Rate correction for multiple comparisons. Taking together these findings and the statistical power of this cohort, we conclude that there is no evidence of a major implication of the major functional CYP2C polymorphisms analyzed in this study and the risk of developing cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. This argues against the hypothesis of a dose-dependent COX-1 inhibition as the main underlying mechanism for this adverse drug event and suggests that pre-emptive genotyping aiming at drug selection should have a low practical utility for cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Macías
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jesús M García-Menaya
- Allergy Service, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Concepción Cordobés
- Allergy Service, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-Escobar
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A Cornejo-García
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - María J Torres
- ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.,Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Blanca-López
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriela Canto
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Laguna
- ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Allergy Unit and Allergy-Anaesthesia Unit, Hospital Central Cruz Roja, Faculty of Medicine, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Bartra
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Hospital Clinic, ARADyAL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rosado
- Allergy Service, Alcorcón Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Allergy Unit, Regional University Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
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12
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Padrini R, Ancora C, Nardo D, De Rosa G, Salvadori S, Bonadies L, Frigo AC, Lago P. Ibuprofen enantiomers in premature neonates with patent ductus arteriosus: Preliminary data on an unexpected pharmacokinetic profile of S(+)-ibuprofen. Chirality 2021; 33:281-291. [PMID: 33779002 PMCID: PMC8252714 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
S(+)-ibuprofen (S-IBU) and R(-)-ibuprofen (R-IBU) concentrations were measured in 16 neonates with patent ductus arteriosus during a cycle of therapy (three intravenous doses of 10-5-5 mg kg-1 at 24-h intervals), at the end of the first infusion and 6, 24, 48, and 72 h later. Data were analyzed with a PK model that included enantiomer elimination rate constants and the R- to S-IBU conversion rate constant. The T½ of S-IBU in the newborn was much longer than in adults (41.8 vs. ≈2 h), whereas the T½ of R-IBU appeared to be the same (2.3 h). The mean fraction of R- to S-IBU conversion was much the same as in adults (0.41 vs. ≈0.60). S-IBU concentrations measured 6 h after the first dose were higher than at the end of the infusion in 10 out of 16 cases, and in five cases, they remained higher even after 24 h. This behavior is unprecedented and may be attributable to a rapid R-to-S conversion overlapping with a slow S-IBU elimination rate. In 13 of the 16 neonates, S-IBU concentrations at 48 and/or 72 h were lower than expected, probably due to the rapid postnatal maturation of the newborn's liver metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Padrini
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Caterina Ancora
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Daniel Nardo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Giovanni De Rosa
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Sabrina Salvadori
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Luca Bonadies
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Anna Chiara Frigo
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac‐Thoracic‐Vascular Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Paola Lago
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women's and Children's DepartmentCà Foncello HospitalTrevisoItaly
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13
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Garrigós-Martínez J, Weninger A, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Schmid C, Valero F, Rinnofner C, Glieder A, Garcia-Ortega X. Scalable production and application of Pichia pastoris whole cell catalysts expressing human cytochrome P450 2C9. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:90. [PMID: 33902608 PMCID: PMC8074423 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the numerous and versatile applications in pharmaceutical and chemical industry make the recombinant production of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) of great biotechnological interest. Accelerating the drug development process by simple, quick and scalable access of human drug metabolites is key for efficient and targeted drug development in response to new and sometimes unexpected medical challenges and needs. However, due its biochemical complexity, scalable human CYP (hCYP) production and their application in preparative biotransformations was still in its infancy. RESULTS A scalable bioprocess for fine-tuned co-expression of hCYP2C9 and its essential complementary human cytochrome P450 reductase (hCPR) in the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is presented. High-throughput screening (HTS) of a transformant library employing a set of diverse bidirectional expression systems with different regulation patterns and a fluorimetric assay was used in order to fine-tune hCYP2C9 and hCPR co-expression, and to identify best expressing clonal variants. The bioprocess development for scalable and reliable whole cell biocatalyst production in bioreactors was carried out based on rational optimization criteria. Among the different alternatives studied, a glycerol carbon-limiting strategy at high µ showed highest production rates, while methanol co-addition together with a decrease of µ provided the best results in terms of product to biomass yield and whole cell activity. By implementing the mentioned strategies, up to threefold increases in terms of production rates and/or yield could be achieved in comparison with initial tests. Finally, the performance of the whole cell catalysts was demonstrated successfully in biotransformation using ibuprofen as substrate, demonstrating the expected high selectivity of the human enzyme catalyst for 3'hydroxyibuprofen. CONCLUSIONS For the first time a scalable bioprocess for the production of hCYP2C9 whole cell catalysts was successfully designed and implemented in bioreactor cultures, and as well, further tested in a preparative-scale biotransformation of interest. The catalyst engineering procedure demonstrated the efficiency of the employment of a set of differently regulated bidirectional promoters to identify transformants with most effective membrane-bound hCYP/hCPR co-expression ratios and implies to become a model case for the generation of other P. pastoris based catalysts relying on co-expressed enzymes such as other P450 catalysts or enzymes relying on co-expressed enzymes for co-factor regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Garrigós-Martínez
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Astrid Weninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - José Luis Montesinos-Seguí
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Christian Schmid
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Claudia Rinnofner
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria.
| | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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14
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Saiz-Rodríguez M, Valdez-Acosta S, Borobia AM, Burgueño M, Gálvez-Múgica MÁ, Acero J, Cabaleiro T, Muñoz-Guerra MF, Puerro M, Llanos L, Martínez-Pérez D, Ochoa D, Carcas AJ, Abad-Santos F. Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Response to Tramadol, Ibuprofen, and the Combination in Patients With Moderate to Severe Pain After Dental Surgery. Clin Ther 2021; 43:e86-e102. [PMID: 33812699 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to elucidate the influence on analgesic effect of genetic polymorphisms in enzymes responsible for biotransformation of tramadol and ibuprofen or other possible genes involved in their mechanism of action. METHODS The study population comprised 118 patients from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase III clinical trial that assessed the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of a single dose of ibuprofen (arginine)/tramadol 400/37.5 mg compared with ibuprofen arginine 400 mg alone, tramadol 50 mg alone, and placebo in patients with moderate to severe pain after dental surgery. We analyzed 32 polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes COMT, ABCB1, SLC22A1, OPRM1, and SLC22A1. FINDINGS We did not find any statistically significant difference among CYP2C9 phenotypes related to ibuprofen response, although CYP2C9 poor metabolizers had a longer effect (higher pain relief at 6 hours). Likewise, we did not find any statistically significant difference among PTGS2 genotypes, contradicting previously publications. IMPLICATIONS There was not a clear effect of CYP2D6 phenotype on tramadol response, although CYP2D6 poor metabolizers had a slower analgesic effect. Concerning the transport of CYP2D6, we observed a better response in individuals carrying ABCB1 mutated alleles, which might correlate with higher tramadol plasma levels. Finally, we found a statistically significant better response in patients carrying the OPRM1 A118G G allele, which contradicts the previous reports. Measuring the active metabolite O-desmethyl-tramadol formation would be of great importance to better evaluate this association because O-desmethyl-tramadol has a higher μ-opioid receptor affinity compared with the parent drug. EudraCT.ema.europa.eu identifier: 2013-004637-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Saiz-Rodríguez
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit, Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spgrain
| | - Sarahí Valdez-Acosta
- Ethics Committee for Research with medicinal products and Clinical Research Unit, Fundación de investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto M Borobia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Burgueño
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Gálvez-Múgica
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Acero
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Cabaleiro
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Fernando Muñoz-Guerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Montepríncipe, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Puerro
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gomez Ulla, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Llanos
- Clinical Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Martínez-Pérez
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Ochoa
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain; UICEC Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Plataforma SCReN (Spanish Clinical Reseach Network), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Carcas
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain; UICEC Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Plataforma SCReN (Spanish Clinical Reseach Network), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Dexibuprofen Therapeutic Advances: Prodrugs and Nanotechnological Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030414. [PMID: 33808908 PMCID: PMC8003675 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S-(+) enantiomer of ibuprofen (IBU) dexibuprofen (DXI) is known to be more potent than its R-(−) form and exhibits many advantages over the racemic mixture of IBU such as lower toxicity, greater clinical efficacy, and lesser variability in therapeutic effects. Moreover, DXI potential has been recently advocated to reduce cancer development and prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases in addition to its anti-inflammatory properties. During the last decade, many attempts have been made to design novel formulations of DXI aimed at increasing its therapeutic benefits and minimizing the adverse effects. Therefore, this article summarizes pharmacological information about DXI, its pharmacokinetics, safety, and therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, modified DXI drug delivery approaches are extensively discussed. Recent studies of DXI prodrugs and novel DXI nanoformulations are analyzed as well as reviewing their efficacy for ocular, skin, and oral applications.
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16
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Gaebler AJ, Schoretsanitis G, Ben Omar N, Haen E, Endres K, Hiemke C, Paulzen M. Metamizole but not ibuprofen reduces the plasma concentration of sertraline: Implications for the concurrent treatment of pain and depression/anxiety disorders. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:1111-1119. [PMID: 32652557 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Comorbidity of pain and depression or anxiety is a challenging clinical phenomenon, often requiring the concurrent application of antidepressant and analgesic drugs. Growing evidence suggests that the analgesic metamizole exhibits cytochrome P450 inducing properties. In the present study, we assessed the impact of metamizole and ibuprofen on plasma concentrations of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline. METHODS Out of a therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) database, three groups of patients were compared: patients receiving sertraline and metamizole (n = 15), patients receiving sertraline and ibuprofen (n = 19), and a matched control group without one of the analgesics (n = 19). RESULTS Metamizole was associated with 67% lower median sertraline plasma concentrations compared to the control group (14 vs 42 ng/mL, P < 0.001). In contrast, differences between the ibuprofen group and the control group did not reach statistical significance (31 vs 42 ng/mL, P = 0.128). Moreover, the metamizole group demonstrated lower dose-adjusted drug concentrations than the ibuprofen group (0.10 vs 0.26 (ng/mL)/(mg/day), P = 0.008). Finally, the metamizole group exhibited a higher proportion of patients whose sertraline concentrations were below the therapeutic reference range (40% in the metamizole group, 5% in the ibuprofen group, 0% in the control group, P = 0.005) indicating therapeutically insufficient drug concentrations. CONCLUSION Our findings support preliminary evidence that metamizole acts as a potent inductor of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP2B6 and CYP3A4. We observed a clinically meaningful pharmacokinetic interaction between metamizole and sertraline, leading to insufficiently low sertraline drug concentrations. Clinicians should therefore consider alternative drug combinations or apply TDM-guided dose adjustment of sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnim Johannes Gaebler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georgios Schoretsanitis
- Psychiatry Research, Northwell Health, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York, USA.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, USA.,The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Nagia Ben Omar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Haen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Hiemke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Paulzen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Alexianer Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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17
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Tesoro S, Marchesini V, Fratini G, Engelhardt T, De Robertis E. Drugs for anesthesia and analgesia in the preterm infant. Minerva Anestesiol 2020; 86:742-755. [DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.20.14073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Macías Y, Gómez Tabales J, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. An update on the pharmacogenomics of NSAID metabolism and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:319-332. [PMID: 32187502 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1744563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Several reports suggest a possible association between polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) gene and the risk for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related adverse gastrointestinal events, including gastrointestinal bleeding. Because findings were controversial, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of eligible studies on this putative association was conducted.Areas covered: The authors have revised the relationship between CYP2C9 polymorphisms and the risk of developing NSAID-related gastrointestinal bleeding, as well as other adverse gastrointestinal events, and performed meta-analyzes. The bias effect and potential sources of heterogeneity between studies was analyzed.Expert opinion: Individuals classified as poor metabolizers after CYP2C9 genotyping (activity scores equal to 0 or 0.5) have an increased risk of developing NSAID-related gastrointestinal adverse events with an odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, (p = 0.004) and the OR for subjects with gastrointestinal bleeding is = 1.90, (p = 0.003). Gene-dose effect for variant CYP2C9 alleles (p = 0.005 for all gastrointestinal adverse events, and p = 0.0001 for bleeding patients) was observed. Also, there is an allele-specific effect in the association: CYP2C9*2 is a poor risk predictor, whereas CYP2C9*3 is a highly significant predictor of gastrointestinal adverse events (p = 0.006) and gastrointestinal bleeding (p = 0.0007).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Macías
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres; ARADyAL Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez Tabales
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres; ARADyAL Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres; ARADyAL Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres; ARADyAL Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Spain
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19
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Zajic SC, Jarvis JP, Zhang P, Rajula KD, Brangan A, Brenner R, Dempsey MP, Christman MF. Individuals with CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 reduced metabolism haplotypes self-adjusted ibuprofen dose in the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2020; 29:49-57. [PMID: 30562214 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine whether differences in CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 haplotype influence the dose of ibuprofen self-administered by individuals, and to examine the potential relationship between CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 reduced metabolism haplotypes and adverse events. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS We investigated relationships between genetic variations in CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 and ibuprofen use, dose, and side effects (reported by questionnaire) in 445 participants from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative. RESULTS Carriers of reduced metabolism haplotypes for CYP2C8 (*2, *3, *4) and CYP2C9 (*2, *3) were significantly (P=0.0171) more likely than those lacking these variants to take less than the recommended dose of ibuprofen, after controlling for sex, age, race, and cohort. In contrast to ibuprofen dose, there were no differences in ibuprofen use frequency or reported side effects based on haplotype. However, there are often no early signs of acute kidney injury, the most serious side effect of elevated ibuprofen exposure. CONCLUSION These results suggest a subset of individuals with genetic variation in CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 recognize that they obtain adequate drug efficacy with lower ibuprofen doses, or take lower doses due to prior side effects. However, most (82.6%) individuals with reduced metabolism haplotypes nonetheless took recommended or higher doses, potentially putting them at increased risk for side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Zajic
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey
| | | | - Pan Zhang
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey
| | | | - Andrew Brangan
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey
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20
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Anderson BJ, Hannam JA. A target concentration strategy to determine ibuprofen dosing in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2019; 29:1107-1113. [PMID: 31472084 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ibuprofen is widely used for ductus arteriosus closure in premature neonates and for analgesia in children and adults. There are no maturation descriptors of clearance. This lack of maturation understanding limits dosing recommendations from premature neonates to adulthood. METHODS Published clearance estimates from different aged patients determined after administration from time-concentration profiles were used to construct a maturation model based on size and age. Curve fitting was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects models. A target concentration strategy was used to estimate maintenance dose at different ages. RESULTS There were three publications reporting an estimate of individual clearance estimates in premature neonates, three reporting population clearances in infants, 11 in children 2-15 years (1 with individual and 9 with population clearances), and 13 adult studies (1 with individual and 12 with population clearances). Clearance maturation, standardized to a 70 kg person was described using the Hill equation. Mature clearance was 3.81 (CV 15.5%, 95%CI 3.72, 3.92) L/h/70 kg. The maturation half-time was 36.8 (CV 9.2%, 95%CI 34.7, 40.9) weeks postmenstrual age and the Hill coefficient 11.5 (95%CI 8.1, 15). A target effect of four units (visual analogue scale 0-10) correlated with an effect site concentration of 6.3 mg/L: a concentration achieved at trough after 400 mg 8 hourly in adults. CONCLUSION Previously published pharmacokinetic parameters can be used to develop maturation models that address gaps in current knowledge regarding the influence of age on a drug's disposition. Maturation of ibuprofen clearance was rapid and was 90% of adult values by the first month of life in term neonates (ie, 44 weeks postmenstrual age) and 98% of standardized adult estimates by 3 months of age (53 weeks postmenstrual age). Clearance informed dosing predictions in all ages (premature neonate to adult) and matched those doses in common use in children older than 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Anderson
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jacqueline A Hannam
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand
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21
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Sausville LN, Williams SM, Pozzi A. Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases and cancer: A genetic and a molecular perspective. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 196:183-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Roe AL, Wilcox R, Price JM, Li L, Dai H, Freeman KM, Friley WW, Herman AG, Black CB, Brouwer KR, Jackson JP. An Evaluation of Potential Inhibition of CYP3A4/5 and CYP2C9 Enzymatic Activity by Boswellia serrata Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Roe
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rachel Wilcox
- Cedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville, Ohio
| | | | - Lijuan Li
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Hong Dai
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Wang X, Liao X, Yang C, Huang K, Yu T, Yu L, Han C, Zhu G, Zeng X, Liu Z, Zhou X, Qin W, Su H, Ye X, Peng T. Identification of prognostic biomarkers for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:1586-1602. [PMID: 30628708 PMCID: PMC6365689 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.6953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The identification of prognosis-associated biomarkers is crucial to improve HCC patient survival. The present study aimed to explore potential predictive biomarkers for HCC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in the GSE36376 dataset using GEO2R. Hub genes were identified and further investigated for prognostic value in HCC patients. A risk score model and nomogram were constructed to predict HCC prognosis using the prognosis-associated genes and clinical factors. Pearson's correlation was employed to show interactions among hub genes. Gene enrichment analysis was performed to identify detailed biological processes and pathways. A total of 71 DEGs were obtained and seven (ADH4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP8B1, SLC22A1, TAT and HSD17B13, all adjusted P≤0.05) of the 10 hub genes were identified as prognosis-related genes for survival analysis in HCC patients, including alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (class II), pi polypeptide (ADH4), cytochrome p450 family 2 subfamily C member 8 (CYP2C8), cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (CYP2C9), cytochrome P450 family 8 subfamily B member 1 (CYP8B1), solute carrier family 22 member 1 (SLC22A1), tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and hydroxysteroid 17-β dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13). The risk score model could predict HCC prognosis and the nomogram visualized gene expression and clinical factors of probability for HCC prognosis. The majority of genes showed significant Pearson's correlations with others (41 Pearson correlations P≤0.01, four Pearson correlations P>0.05). GO analysis revealed that terms such as ‘chemical carcinogenesis’ and ‘drug metabolism-cytochrome P450’ were enriched and may prove helpful to elucidate the mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis. Hub genes ADH4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP8B1, SLC22A1, TAT and HSD17B13 may be useful as predictive biomarkers for HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chengkun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ketuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tingdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xianmin Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhengqian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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24
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Vu NP, Ma TTH, Tran NTB, Huynh HTT, Nguyen TD, Nguyen DT, Van Nong H, Lee MTM, Nguyen HH. Polymorphic analysis of CYP2C9 gene in Vietnamese population. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:893-900. [PMID: 29978384 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variations in CYP2C9 are associated to inter-individual variability of drugs metabolism and response. The only report has been done previously mainly focusing on the common variant alleles of CYP2C9 in Vietnamese Kinh subjects. However, little is known about the complete spectrum of this gene polymorphism in different ethnic groups of Vietnam. We sequenced the promoter region and all exons of CYP2C9 in 100 healthy unrelated Vietnamese Kinh subjects. Additionally, common CYP2C9 variants, *2 and *3, were also analyzed by RFLP-PCR in extra 194 Kinh subjects and 279 of other four ethnic groups in Vietnam. The results of these common variants observed from five ethnic groups were compared with other populations in the world. Seven previously reported alleles and two genotypes were determined in Kinh subjects. The percentage of CYP2C9*1 and CYP2C9*3 alleles are 96.5 and 3.5%, respectively. We found one novel non-synonymous variant in exon 7 leading to amino acid change at 363 position from proline to histidine. Functional analysis by SIFT and Polyphen-2 indicated that this mutation is intolerant and probably damaging. Prevalence of CYP2C9*2 observed in Vietnamese population was significantly lower compared with that of other populations in the South and West of Asia as well as in Europe. This study provides information of genetic distribution pattern of CYP2C9 in Vietnamese, which would be useful for optimizing drug therapies in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Phuong Vu
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuong Thi Huyen Ma
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Thi Bich Tran
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hue Thi Thu Huynh
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ton Dang Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thuy Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai Van Nong
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ming Ta Michael Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, 100 North Academy Avenue, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
| | - Ha Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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25
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Pshenichnyuk SA, Modelli A, Komolov AS. Interconnections between dissociative electron attachment and electron-driven biological processes. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2018.1461347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A. Pshenichnyuk
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics – Subdivision of the Ufa Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alberto Modelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Scienze Ambientali, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Alexei S. Komolov
- Department of Solid State Electronics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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26
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Wang X, Yu T, Liao X, Yang C, Han C, Zhu G, Huang K, Yu L, Qin W, Su H, Liu X, Peng T. The prognostic value of CYP2C subfamily genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2018; 7:966-980. [PMID: 29479826 PMCID: PMC5911570 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P2C (CYP2C) subfamily members (CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, and CYP2C19) are known to participate in clinical drug metabolism. However, the association between CYP2C subfamily members and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study investigated the prognostic value of CYP2C subfamily gene expression levels with HCC prognosis. Data of 360 HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and 231 in the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox regression model were used to ascertain overall survival and recurrence-free survival, and to calculate median survival time using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In TCGA database, low expression of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 in tumor tissue was associated with a short median survival time (all crude P = 0.001, adjusted P = 0.004, P = 0.047, and P = 0.020, respectively). In TCGA database, joint effects analysis of the combinations of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9, CYP2C8 and CYP2C19, and CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 revealed that high expression of two genes (group 4; group IV, group d) was associated with a reduced risk of death as compared to low expression (group 1, group I, and group a) (adjusted P = 0.005, P = 0.013, and P = 0.016, respectively). In TCGA database, joint effects analysis of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 showed that the risk of death from HCC was lower for groups C and D than for group A (adjusted P = 0.012 and P = 0.008, respectively). CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 gene expression levels are potential prognostic markers of HCC following hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Tingdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Chengkun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Ketuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan Province 450000China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong Province 524001China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi ProvinceChina
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27
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Henderson LM, Claw KG, Woodahl EL, Robinson RF, Boyer BB, Burke W, Thummel KE. P450 Pharmacogenetics in Indigenous North American Populations. J Pers Med 2018; 8:jpm8010009. [PMID: 29389890 PMCID: PMC5872083 DOI: 10.3390/jpm8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigenous North American populations, including American Indian and Alaska Native peoples in the United States, the First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples in Canada and Amerindians in Mexico, are historically under-represented in biomedical research, including genomic research on drug disposition and response. Without adequate representation in pharmacogenetic studies establishing genotype-phenotype relationships, Indigenous populations may not benefit fully from new innovations in precision medicine testing to tailor and improve the safety and efficacy of drug treatment, resulting in health care disparities. The purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate what is currently known about cytochrome P450 genetic variation in Indigenous populations in North America and to highlight the importance of including these groups in future pharmacogenetic studies for implementation of personalized drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Henderson
- Departments of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Katrina G Claw
- Departments of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Erica L Woodahl
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.
| | - Renee F Robinson
- Southcentral Foundation, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
- United States Public Health Service, Department of Human Services, Washington, DC 20201, USA.
| | - Bert B Boyer
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
| | - Wylie Burke
- Bioethics & Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Departments of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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28
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Xie S, Ma W, Guo Q, Liu J, Li W, McLeod HL, He Y. The pharmacogenetics of medications used in general anesthesia. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:285-298. [PMID: 29318929 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia is a state of unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia and akinesia induced by drugs including opioids, hypnotic-sedative agents, muscle relaxants and antiemetics. Clinical and genetic factors are reported to influence the efficacy and side effects of these agents. Based on the evidence, clinical action is needed to improve clinical outcomes. This review summarizes the latest knowledge with regards to the pharmacogenetics of anesthetics and general anesthesia related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangchen Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Howard L McLeod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL 33601, USA
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL 33601, USA
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29
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Lewis F, Connolly MP, Bhatt A. A Pharmacokinetic Study of an Ibuprofen Topical Patch in Healthy Male and Female Adult Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2018; 7:684-691. [PMID: 29323795 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of a novel locally applied ibuprofen topical patch was evaluated. Healthy subjects (n = 28) were administered a 200-mg ibuprofen patch every 24 hours for 5 days, and steady-state pharmacokinetics was determined. The amount of ibuprofen remaining in the patch following each patch removal was also assessed. The maximum steady-state drug concentration and area under the concentration curve from time 0 on day 5 (t = 0) to the 24-hours sample on day 6 were 514 ng/mL (95% CI 439 to 603 ng/mL) and 9.78 kg·h/mL (95% CI 8.43 to 11.4 kg·h/mL), respectively. Maximum ibuprofen concentration on day 5 occurred at 20 hours post-patch application. No evidence of drug accumulation was observed, and steady state was achieved between days 2 and 5. Ibuprofen levels attenuated rapidly to baseline within 24 hours after treatment discontinuation. The amount of ibuprofen remaining in the patch was high (≥80%). Treatment-emergent adverse events were generally mild, with the most prevalent being headache (n = 6; 21.4%). Only 4 TEAEs were considered related to the ibuprofen patch: paresthesia (n = 1), headache (n = 2), and pruritic rash (n = 1). The study found that the systematic absorption of ibuprofen from a 200-mg patch was low and that the levels of ibuprofen leaving the patch over a 24-hour period are consistent with levels required for therapeutic relief as shown in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Lewis
- R&D Data Analytics, Reckitt Benckiser, Slough, UK
| | - Mark P Connolly
- Global Market Access Solutions, St-Prex, Switzerland.,University of Groningen, Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacoepidemiology & Pharmacoeconomics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aomesh Bhatt
- Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Category Group Director R&D, Reckitt Benckiser, Slough, UK
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30
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Polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase and its effect on drug metabolism and efficacy. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2017; 27:337-346. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Landa P, Prerostova S, Langhansova L, Marsik P, Vanek T. Transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. roots to ibuprofen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:695-700. [PMID: 28398082 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1267697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface waters in urban areas are contaminated by ibuprofen (IBP), a popular and extensively used anti-inflammatory drug. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic response in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. roots with the aim of revealing genes that are potentially involved in IBP detoxification and elucidating the effect of IBP on plants. IBP upregulated 63 and downregulated 38 transcripts (p-value < 0.1, fold change ≥2) after 2-day exposure to a 5-µM (1.03 mg/L) concentration of IBP under hydroponic conditions. Although the IBP concentration used in the experiment was highly relative to the concentrations found in rivers and wastewater, the number of genes with transcriptional changes was relatively low. The upregulation of cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, and UDP-glycosyltransferases indicates the occurrence of IBP oxidation in the first phase, followed by conjugation with glutathione and sugar in the second detoxification phase. ABC transporters could be involved in the transport of IBP and its metabolites. The identification of genes potentially involved in IBP detoxification could be useful in an IBP phytoremediation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premysl Landa
- a Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies , Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. , Prague , Lysolaje , Czech Republic
| | - Sylva Prerostova
- b Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants , Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. , Prague , Lysolaje , Czech Republic
- c Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science , Charles University in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Langhansova
- a Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies , Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. , Prague , Lysolaje , Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsik
- a Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies , Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. , Prague , Lysolaje , Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vanek
- a Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies , Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. , Prague , Lysolaje , Czech Republic
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32
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Yeom SM, Kim MS, Lingenfelter E, Broadwell J. A Methocarbamol Combination to Prevent Toxicity of Non-steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Yeom
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Woo-suk University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eric Lingenfelter
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- Defense Health Agency, Washington, USA
| | - Jonathan Broadwell
- Army National Guard, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake, USA
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33
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Evaluation of transcriptomic signature as a valuable tool to study drug-induced cholestasis in primary human hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:2879-2893. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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34
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Ikuta H, Kawase A, Iwaki M. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics and Chiral Inversion of Ibuprofen in Adjuvant-induced Arthritic Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 45:316-324. [PMID: 27927688 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.073239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Arylpropionic acid (2-APA) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in racemic mixtures (rac) for clinical use. 2-APA undergoes unidirectional chiral inversion of the in vivo inactive R-enantiomer to the active S-enantiomer. Inflammation causes the reduction of metabolic activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P450 (P450) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. However, it is unclear whether inflammation affects the stereoselective pharmacokinetics and chiral inversion of 2-APA such as ibuprofen (IB). We examined the effects of inflammation on the pharmacokinetics of R-IB and S-IB after intravenous administration of rac-IB, R-IB, and S-IB to adjuvant-induced arthritic (AA) rats, an animal model of inflammation. The plasma protein binding of rac-IB, glucuronidation activities for R-IB and S-IB, and P450 contents of liver microsomes in AA rats were determined. Total clearance (CLtot) of IB significantly increased in AA rats, although the glucuronidation activities for IB, and P450 contents of liver microsomes decreased in AA rats. We presumed that the increased CLtot of IB in AA rats was caused by the elevated plasma unbound fraction of IB due to decreased plasma albumin levels in AA rats. Notably, CLtot of R-IB but not S-IB significantly increased in AA rats after intravenous administration of rac-IB. These results suggested that AA could affect drug efficacies after stereoselective changes in the pharmacokinetics of R-IB and S-IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ikuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawase
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Cossette C, Chourey S, Ye Q, Nagendra Reddy C, Gore V, Gravel S, Slobodchikova I, Vuckovic D, Rokach J, Powell WS. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Selective Oxoeicosanoid (OXE) Receptor Antagonists and Their Effects on 5-Oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid (5-Oxo-ETE)-Induced Granulocyte Activation in Monkeys. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10127-10146. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Cossette
- Meakins-Christie
Laboratories, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Shishir Chourey
- Claude
Pepper Institute and Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6982, United States
| | - Qiuji Ye
- Claude
Pepper Institute and Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6982, United States
| | - Chintam Nagendra Reddy
- Claude
Pepper Institute and Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6982, United States
| | - Vivek Gore
- Claude
Pepper Institute and Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6982, United States
| | - Sylvie Gravel
- Meakins-Christie
Laboratories, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Irina Slobodchikova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dajana Vuckovic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Joshua Rokach
- Claude
Pepper Institute and Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6982, United States
| | - William S. Powell
- Meakins-Christie
Laboratories, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
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González-Mira A, Varó I, Solé M, Torreblanca A. Drugs of environmental concern modify Solea senegalensis physiology and biochemistry in a temperature-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:20937-20951. [PMID: 27488709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The alerted presence in recent decades of pharmaceuticals has become an issue of environmental concern, and most of the mechanisms of biotransformation and biochemical and physiological responses to them in fish are still unknown, as well as the influence of water temperature in their ability to cope with them. This study aims to detect the main effects of two of the most widespread drugs on a set of physiological and biochemical markers in Solea senegalensis. Sole juveniles acclimatized at 15 and 20 °C were administered an intraperitoneal injection of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen (IB; 10 mg/kg) and the anti-convulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ; 1 mg/kg). Two days after the injection, liver, muscle and plasma were sampled. Liver enzymatic activities of 15 °C acclimated fish were more responsive to pharmaceuticals than those acclimated at 20 °C, especially for CYP450-related activities (7-ethoxyresorufin (EROD), 7-methoxyresorufin (MROD), 3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin (CECOD) and 7-benzyloxy-4-[trifluoromethyl]-coumarin-O-debenzyloxylase (BFCOD)) and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT). Cytosolic anti-oxidant enzyme activities and glutathione S-transferase (GST) did not show a clear effect of temperature. Glucose and transferase activities in plasma were not affected by the treatments, while ammonium, osmolality and lactate were affected by both pharmaceuticals. Plasma triglycerides were affected in a temperature-dependent manner, and creatinine was only responsive to CBZ injection. HSP70 levels in muscle were only affected by CBZ injection. Some of the physiological identified responses to IB and CBZ are proposed as endpoints in further chronic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A González-Mira
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Varó
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), 12595, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - M Solé
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Torreblanca
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Backman JT, Filppula AM, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ. Role of Cytochrome P450 2C8 in Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:168-241. [PMID: 26721703 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.011411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last 10-15 years, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 has emerged as an important drug-metabolizing enzyme. CYP2C8 is highly expressed in human liver and is known to metabolize more than 100 drugs. CYP2C8 substrate drugs include amodiaquine, cerivastatin, dasabuvir, enzalutamide, imatinib, loperamide, montelukast, paclitaxel, pioglitazone, repaglinide, and rosiglitazone, and the number is increasing. Similarly, many drugs have been identified as CYP2C8 inhibitors or inducers. In vivo, already a small dose of gemfibrozil, i.e., 10% of its therapeutic dose, is a strong, irreversible inhibitor of CYP2C8. Interestingly, recent findings indicate that the acyl-β-glucuronides of gemfibrozil and clopidogrel cause metabolism-dependent inactivation of CYP2C8, leading to a strong potential for drug interactions. Also several other glucuronide metabolites interact with CYP2C8 as substrates or inhibitors, suggesting that an interplay between CYP2C8 and glucuronides is common. Lack of fully selective and safe probe substrates, inhibitors, and inducers challenges execution and interpretation of drug-drug interaction studies in humans. Apart from drug-drug interactions, some CYP2C8 genetic variants are associated with altered CYP2C8 activity and exhibit significant interethnic frequency differences. Herein, we review the current knowledge on substrates, inhibitors, inducers, and pharmacogenetics of CYP2C8, as well as its role in clinically relevant drug interactions. In addition, implications for selection of CYP2C8 marker and perpetrator drugs to investigate CYP2C8-mediated drug metabolism and interactions in preclinical and clinical studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne T Backman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Anne M Filppula
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Mikko Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Pertti J Neuvonen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
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38
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Kern F, Khatri Y, Litzenburger M, Bernhardt R. CYP267A1 and CYP267B1 from Sorangium cellulosum So ce56 are Highly Versatile Drug Metabolizers. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:495-504. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.068486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Evaluation of hepatic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in rats under chronic hypobaric hypoxia for targeted therapy at high altitude. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:114-122. [PMID: 26799979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
With studies indicative of altered drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) under high altitude (HA)-induced hypobaric hypoxia, consideration of better therapeutic approaches has continuously been aimed in research for HA related illness management. DMPK of drugs like ibuprofen may get affected under hypoxia which establishes the requirement of different therapeutic dose regimen to ensure safe and effective therapy at HA. This study examined the effects of the chronic hypobaric hypoxia (CHH) on hepatic DMPK of ibuprofen in rats. Experimental animals were exposed to simulated altitude of 7620 m (∼25,000 ft) for CHH exposure (7 or 14 days) in decompression chamber and administered with ibuprofen (80 mg/kg, body weight, p.o.). Results demonstrated that CHH significantly altered PK variables of ibuprofen and activities of both phase-I and II hepatic metabolic enzymes as compared to the animals under normoxic conditions. Hepatic histopathological observations also revealed marked alterations. Increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines viz. IL-1β, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α exhibited close relevance with diminished CYP2C9 expression under CHH. Moreover, the down-regulated CYP2C9 level further supported the underlying mechanism for reduced metabolism of ibuprofen and as a result, increased retention of parent drug in the system. Increased mean retention time, Vd, T½ of ibuprofen, and decreased AUC, Cmax and clearance during CHH further strengthened the present findings. In conclusion, CHH exposure significantly affects hepatic DMPK of ibuprofen, which may further influence the usual therapeutic dose-regimen. Further, there is requirement of human studies to evaluate their susceptibility toward hypobaric hypoxia.
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40
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Liang Y, Wang P, Liu D, Zhan J, Luo M, Han J, Jing X, Yao G, Zhou Z. The enantioselective metabolic mechanism of quizalofop-ethyl and quizalofop-acid enantiomers in animal: protein binding, intestinal absorption, and in vitro metabolism in plasma and the microsome. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of protein binding (pepsin, trypsin and serum albumin), intestinal absorption (everted gut sac), and degradation (plasma, liver microsome and cytosol) on the enantioselectivity of quizalofop-ethyl in animals were studiedin vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Jing Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Mai Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Jiajun Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Xu Jing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Guojun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Beijing 100193
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Lu Y, Shen D, Pietsch M, Nagar C, Fadli Z, Huang H, Tu YC, Cheng F. A novel algorithm for analyzing drug-drug interactions from MEDLINE literature. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17357. [PMID: 26612138 PMCID: PMC4661569 DOI: 10.1038/srep17357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug–drug interaction (DDI) is becoming a serious clinical safety issue as the use of multiple medications becomes more common. Searching the MEDLINE database for journal articles related to DDI produces over 330,000 results. It is impossible to read and summarize these references manually. As the volume of biomedical reference in the MEDLINE database continues to expand at a rapid pace, automatic identification of DDIs from literature is becoming increasingly important. In this article, we present a random-sampling-based statistical algorithm to identify possible DDIs and the underlying mechanism from the substances field of MEDLINE records. The substances terms are essentially carriers of compound (including protein) information in a MEDLINE record. Four case studies on warfarin, ibuprofen, furosemide and sertraline implied that our method was able to rank possible DDIs with high accuracy (90.0% for warfarin, 83.3% for ibuprofen, 70.0% for furosemide and 100% for sertraline in the top 10% of a list of compounds ranked by p-value). A social network analysis of substance terms was also performed to construct networks between proteins and drug pairs to elucidate how the two drugs could interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Dan Shen
- Department of Mathematics &Statistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Maxwell Pietsch
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chetan Nagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Zayd Fadli
- College of Medicine, Syrian private university, Damascus, 0100, Syria
| | - Hong Huang
- School of Information, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Tu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA
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Serrano MAS, Gonzalez-Rey M, Mattos JJ, Flores-Nunes F, Mello ÁCP, Zacchi FL, Piazza CE, Siebert MN, Piazza RS, Alvarez-Muñoz D, Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Barceló D, Bebianno MJ, Gomes CHAM, Melo CMR, Bainy ACD. Differential gene transcription, biochemical responses, and cytotoxicity assessment in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to ibuprofen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17375-17385. [PMID: 25595931 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-4023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals, such as anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs, are frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems. Studies about the effects of these substances in nontarget organisms, such as bivalves, are relevant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on antioxidant status caused by ibuprofen (IBU) in oysters Crassostrea gigas exposed for 1, 4, and 7 days at concentrations 1 and 100 μg L(-1). Levels of IBU in tissues of oysters, as well as cell viability of hemocytes, were measured. The transcription of cytochrome P450 genes (CYP2AU2, CYP356A1, CYP3071A1, CYP30C1), glutathione S-transferase isoforms (GST-ω-like and GST-π-like), cyclooxygenase-like (COX-like), fatty acid binding protein-like (FABP-like), caspase-like, heat shock protein-like (HSP70-like), catalase-like (CAT-like), and the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were also evaluated in the gills of oysters. The highest levels of IBU were observed in animals exposed to 100 μg L(-1). A significant upregulation of CYP2AU1, CYP356A1, CYP3071A1, GST-ω-like, GST-π-like, COX-like, and FABP-like was observed in oysters exposed to IBU under different experimental conditions. Oysters exposed to 1 μg L(-1) for 7 days showed a significantly higher transcription of CYP2AU2, CYP356A1, CYP3071A1, GST-ω-like, and GST-π-like but lower GR activity. In conclusion, C. gigas exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of IBU (1 μg L(-1)) exhibited increased transcription of certain genes and alterations on antioxidant and auxiliary enzymes, which could, in the the long term, cause damages to exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A S Serrano
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Maria Gonzalez-Rey
- CIMA, Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000135, Faro, Portugal
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center-NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Álvaro C P Mello
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Clei E Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Marília N Siebert
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Rômi S Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Diana Alvarez-Muñoz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Rodriguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000135, Faro, Portugal
| | - Carlos H A M Gomes
- Laboratory of Marine Mollusk, Department of Aquaculture, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Cláudio M R Melo
- Laboratory of Marine Mollusk, Department of Aquaculture, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil.
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Abstract
• Individual variability in pain perception and differences in the efficacy of analgesic drugs are complex phenomena and are partly genetically predetermined. • Analgesics act in various ways on the peripheral and central pain pathways and are regarded as one of the most valuable but equally dangerous groups of medications. • While pharmacokinetic properties of drugs, metabolism in particular, have been scrutinised by genotype–phenotype correlation studies, the clinical significance of inherited variants in genes governing pharmacodynamics of analgesics remains largely unexplored (apart from the µ-opioid receptor). • Lack of replication of the findings from one study to another makes meaningful personalised analgesic regime still a distant future. • This narrative review will focus on findings related to pharmacogenetics of commonly used analgesic medications and highlight authors’ views on future clinical implications of pharmacogenetics in the context of pharmacological treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Cregg
- UCL Centre for Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, London, UK ; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Cardoso JLC, Lanchote VL, Pereira MPM, Capela JMV, de Moraes NV, Lepera JS. Impact of inhalational exposure to ethanol fuel on the pharmacokinetics of verapamil, ibuprofen and fluoxetine as in vivo probe drugs for CYP3A, CYP2C and CYP2D in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 84:99-105. [PMID: 26265240 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Occupational toxicology and clinical pharmacology integration will be useful to understand potential exposure-drug interaction and to shape risk assessment strategies in order to improve occupational health. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to ethanol fuel on in vivo activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes CYP3A, CYP2C and CYP2D by the oral administration of the probe drugs verapamil, ibuprofen and fluoxetine. Male Wistar rats exposed to filtered air or to 2000 ppm ethanol in a nose-only inhalation chamber during (6 h/day, 5 days/week, 6 weeks) received single oral doses of 10 mg/kg verapamil or 25 mg/kg ibuprofen or 10 mg/kg fluoxetine. The enantiomers of verapamil, norverapamil, ibuprofen and fluoxetine in plasma were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The area under the curve plasma concentration versus time extrapolated to infinity (AUC(0-∞)) was calculated using the Gauss-Laguerre quadrature. Inhalation exposure to ethanol reduces the AUC of both verapamil (approximately 2.7 fold) and norverapamil enantiomers (>2.5 fold), reduces the AUC(0-∞) of (+)-(S)-IBU (approximately 2 fold) and inhibits preferentially the metabolism of (-)-(R)-FLU. In conclusion, inhalation exposure of ethanol at a concentration of 2 TLV-STEL (6 h/day for 6 weeks) induces CYP3A and CYP2C but inhibits CYP2D in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juciane Lauren Cavalcanti Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Lanchote
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Marques Pereira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Valadares de Moraes
- Departamento de Princípios Ativos Naturais e Toxicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | - José Salvador Lepera
- Departamento de Princípios Ativos Naturais e Toxicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil.
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Ochoa D, Prieto-Pérez R, Román M, Talegón M, Rivas A, Galicia I, Abad-Santos F, Cabaleiro T. Effect of gender and CYP2C9 and CYP2C8 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen enantiomers. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:939-48. [PMID: 26122864 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of polymorphisms in CYP2C9 and CYP2C8 and gender on the pharmacokinetics of the enantiomeric forms of ibuprofen. MATERIALS & METHODS 122 healthy volunteers were genotyped for polymorphisms in CY2C8 and CYP2C9 using real-time PCR. RESULTS CYP2C8 polymorphisms affected neither R- nor S-ibuprofen. CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*2 carriers had a lower S-ibuprofen clearance and a higher S-ibuprofen AUC and half-life. R-ibuprofen clearance was decreased in CYP2C9*3 carriers. Gender affected R-ibuprofen and S-ibuprofen pharmacokinetics. Multiple regression analysis showed that CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3 and gender were associated with S-ibuprofen clearance, but only CYP2C9*3 was associated with R-ibuprofen clearance. CONCLUSION The pharmacokinetics of S-ibuprofen and R-ibuprofen is affected by CYP2C9 polymorphisms and gender. CYP2C8 polymorphisms do not have a significant role. Original submitted 6 February 2015; Revision submitted 1 April 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Ochoa
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Prieto-Pérez
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Román
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Talegón
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Rivas
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Galicia
- Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Parque Científico de Madrid - Edificio CLAID, C/Faraday 7 - Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Cabaleiro
- Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Gerbersdorf SU, Cimatoribus C, Class H, Engesser KH, Helbich S, Hollert H, Lange C, Kranert M, Metzger J, Nowak W, Seiler TB, Steger K, Steinmetz H, Wieprecht S. Anthropogenic Trace Compounds (ATCs) in aquatic habitats - research needs on sources, fate, detection and toxicity to ensure timely elimination strategies and risk management. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 79:85-105. [PMID: 25801101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic Trace Compounds (ATCs) that continuously grow in numbers and concentrations are an emerging issue for water quality in both natural and technical environments. The complex web of exposure pathways as well as the variety in the chemical structure and potency of ATCs represents immense challenges for future research and policy initiatives. This review summarizes current trends and identifies knowledge gaps in innovative, effective monitoring and management strategies while addressing the research questions concerning ATC occurrence, fate, detection and toxicity. We highlight the progressing sensitivity of chemical analytics and the challenges in harmonization of sampling protocols and methods, as well as the need for ATC indicator substances to enable cross-national valid monitoring routine. Secondly, the status quo in ecotoxicology is described to advocate for a better implementation of long-term tests, to address toxicity on community and environmental as well as on human-health levels, and to adapt various test levels and endpoints. Moreover, we discuss potential sources of ATCs and the current removal efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to indicate the most effective places and elimination strategies. Knowledge gaps in transport and/or detainment of ATCs through their passage in surface waters and groundwaters are further emphasized in relation to their physico-chemical properties, abiotic conditions and biological interactions in order to highlight fundamental research needs. Finally, we demonstrate the importance and remaining challenges of an appropriate ATC risk assessment since this will greatly assist in identifying the most urgent calls for action, in selecting the most promising measures, and in evaluating the success of implemented management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine U Gerbersdorf
- Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 61, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Carla Cimatoribus
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Kanalstrasse 3, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Holger Class
- Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 61, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karl-H Engesser
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Steffen Helbich
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Claudia Lange
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Kranert
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jörg Metzger
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Kanalstrasse 3, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Nowak
- Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 61, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Steger
- Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 61, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heidrun Steinmetz
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Silke Wieprecht
- Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 61, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Pharmacogenomics and Opioid Analgesics: Clinical Implications. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:368979. [PMID: 26075211 PMCID: PMC4446490 DOI: 10.1155/2015/368979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation exists in patient response on analgesic treatment in terms of efficacy and safety. This variation may be in part explained by pharmacogenomics. This paper aimed to review data on pharmacogenomics of opioid analgesics focusing on the effect of genetic variation on the efficacy and safety of these agents. Current evidence suggests that pharmacogenomics contribute to variation in efficacy and safety of opioids. However, most data come from case control studies and case reports. In addition, a recognized drawback in the field of pharmacogenomics is the common occurrence of false positive association between polymorphisms and the investigated outcome. Prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the clinical implications of available data as well as to define the guidelines for the clinical application of pharmacogenomic data. Furthermore, basic research should focus on the identification of biologically meaningful polymorphisms enabling a hypothesis with biological plausibility driven research in the field of pharmacogenomics of analgesics. Moreover, the publication of relevant negative results should be favoured.
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50
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Mueller SO, Guillouzo A, Hewitt PG, Richert L. Drug biokinetic and toxicity assessments in rat and human primary hepatocytes and HepaRG cells within the EU-funded Predict-IV project. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 30:19-26. [PMID: 25952325 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The overall aim of Predict-IV (EU-funded collaborative project #202222) was to develop improved testing strategies for drug safety in the late discovery phase. One major focus was the prediction of hepatotoxicity as liver remains one of the major organ leading to failure in drug development, drug withdrawal and has a poor predictivity from animal experiments. In this overview we describe the use and applicability of the three cell models employed, i.e., primary rat hepatocytes, primary human hepatocytes and the human HepaRG cell line, using four model compounds, chlorpromazine, ibuprofen, cyclosporine A and amiodarone. This overview described the data generated on mode of action of liver toxicity after long-term repeat-dosing. Moreover we have quantified parent compound and its distribution in various in vitro compartments, which allowed us to develop biokinetic models where we could derive real exposure concentrations in vitro. In conclusion, the complex data set enables quantitative measurements that proved the concept that we can define human relevant free and toxic exposure levels in vitro. Further compounds have to be analyzed in a broader concentration range to fully exploit these promising results for improved prediction of hepatotoxicity and hazard assessment for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Mueller
- Nonclinical Safety, Merck Serono, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; Food Chemistry and Toxicology, TU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | | | - Philip G Hewitt
- Nonclinical Safety, Merck Serono, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lysiane Richert
- KaLy-Cell, 20A Rue du Général Leclerc, Plobsheim, France; Université de Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France
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