1
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Huang YK, Wang TM, Chen CY, Li CY, Wang SC, Irshad K, Pan Y, Chang KC. The role of ALDH1A1 in glioblastoma proliferation and invasion. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 402:111202. [PMID: 39128802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), continue to be a leading aggressive brain tumor in adults, marked by its rapid growth and invasive nature. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 (ALDH1A1), an enzyme, plays a significant role in tumor progression, yet its function in high-grade gliomas is still poorly investigated. In this study, we evaluated ALDH1A1 levels in clinical samples of GBM. We also assessed the prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in GBM and LGG (low grade glioma) patients using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database analysis. The MTT and transwell assays were utilized to examine cell growth and the invasive capability of U87 cells, respectively. We quantitatively examined markers for cell proliferation (Ki-67 and cyclin D1) and invasion (MMP2 and 9). A Western blot test was conducted to determine the downstream signaling of ALDH1A1. We found a notable increase in ALDH1A1 expression in high-grade gliomas compared to their low-grade counterparts. U87 cells that overexpressed ALDH1A1 showed increased cell growth and invasion. We found that ALDH1A1 promotes the phosphorylation of AKT, and inhibiting AKT phosphorylation mitigates the ALDH1A1's effects on tumor growth and migration. In summary, our findings suggest ALDH1A1 as a potential therapeutic target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ming Wang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Khushboo Irshad
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Center of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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2
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Reay WR, Kiltschewskij DJ, Di Biase MA, Gerring ZF, Kundu K, Surendran P, Greco LA, Clarke ED, Collins CE, Mondul AM, Albanes D, Cairns MJ. Genetic influences on circulating retinol and its relationship to human health. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1490. [PMID: 38374065 PMCID: PMC10876955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinol is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in many biological processes throughout the human lifespan. Here, we perform the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of retinol to date in up to 22,274 participants. We identify eight common variant loci associated with retinol, as well as a rare-variant signal. An integrative gene prioritisation pipeline supports novel retinol-associated genes outside of the main retinol transport complex (RBP4:TTR) related to lipid biology, energy homoeostasis, and endocrine signalling. Genetic proxies of circulating retinol were then used to estimate causal relationships with almost 20,000 clinical phenotypes via a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation study (MR-pheWAS). The MR-pheWAS suggests that retinol may exert causal effects on inflammation, adiposity, ocular measures, the microbiome, and MRI-derived brain phenotypes, amongst several others. Conversely, circulating retinol may be causally influenced by factors including lipids and serum creatinine. Finally, we demonstrate how a retinol polygenic score could identify individuals more likely to fall outside of the normative range of circulating retinol for a given age. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the genetics of circulating retinol, as well as revealing traits which should be prioritised for further investigation with respect to retinol related therapies or nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Reay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Dylan J Kiltschewskij
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria A Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary F Gerring
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Praveen Surendran
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
| | - Laura A Greco
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
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3
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Ni X, Zhou H, Liu Y, Zhan J, Meng Q, Song H, Yi X. Toxic effects of tire wear particles and the leachate on the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122354. [PMID: 37567401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) were considered as an important component of microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment. To understand the ecotoxicity of TWPs to crustacean, this study investigated toxic effects of TWPs and the leachate on the mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis and the accumulation of TWPs in the crabs. Although TWPs could be accumulated in various tissues (i.e., liver, gills and gut) of the crabs, exposure to TWPs or the leachate had no lethal effect on the crabs in this study. Lower concentrations of TWPs and the leachate exposure could stimulate the antioxidant defense system of the crabs, while higher concentrations could disrupt the stress defense system. In addition, the energy supply and metabolism of the crabs could also be affected by TWPs or the leachate. The transcriptomic profiles showed that the toxic mechanisms of TWPs and the leachate were not exactly the same. Similar to the results of biochemical analysis, several Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism were significantly regulated by both TWPs and the leachate. However, TWPs could affect the expression of genes enriched in immune-related pathways, while the leachate regulated the enrichment of some other signaling pathways including FoxO signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Overall, our study could provide basic biological information for assessing the ecological risk of the TWP pollution in the aquatic environment and was useful to understand the potential toxic mechanisms of the TWPs and the leachate to crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ni
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Qian Meng
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Hongyu Song
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Xianliang Yi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China.
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4
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Gomez-Salazar MA, Wang Y, Thottappillil N, Hardy RW, Alexandre M, Höller F, Martin N, Gonzalez-Galofre ZN, Stefancova D, Medici D, James AW, Péault B. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, a Marker of Normal and Malignant Stem Cells, Typifies Mesenchymal Progenitors in Perivascular Niches. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:474-484. [PMID: 37261440 PMCID: PMC10651226 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate mesenchymal stem cells exhibiting multilineage differentiation and tissue (re)generative-or pathogenic-properties reside in perivascular niches. Subsets of these progenitors are committed to either osteo-, adipo-, or fibrogenesis, suggesting the existence of a developmental organization in blood vessel walls. We evaluated herein the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase, a family of enzymes catalyzing the oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acids and a reported biomarker of normal and malignant stem cells, within human adipose tissue perivascular areas. A progression of ALDHLow to ALDHHigh CD34+ cells was identified in the tunica adventitia. Mesenchymal stem cell potential was confined to ALDHHigh cells, as assessed by proliferation and multilineage differentiation in vitro of cells sorted by flow cytometry with a fluorescent ALDH substrate. RNA sequencing confirmed and validated that ALDHHigh cells have a progenitor cell phenotype and provided evidence that the main isoform in this fraction is ALDH1A1, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. This demonstrates that ALDH activity, which marks hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells in diverse malignant tumors, also typifies native, blood vessel resident mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Gomez-Salazar
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | | | - Reef W Hardy
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manon Alexandre
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Polytech Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fabian Höller
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Niall Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zaniah N Gonzalez-Galofre
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dorota Stefancova
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniele Medici
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | - Bruno Péault
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Estrada‐Ortiz N, Starokozhko V, van Steenwijk H, van der Heide C, Permentier H, van Heemskerk L, Prins GH, Heegsma J, Faber KN, Bressers S, Steiblen G, de Groot A, Groome S, van Miert E, Groothuis G, de Graaf IAM. Disruption of vitamin A homeostasis by the biocide tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulphate in pregnant rabbits. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1921-1936. [PMID: 35857281 PMCID: PMC9804500 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The biocide tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulphate (THPS) and other members of the tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts (THPX) family are associated with liver toxicity in several mammalian species and teratogenicity in rabbits. Malformations include skeletal changes and abnormalities in eye development and are very similar to those seen with vitamin A deficiency or excess. For this reason, it was hypothesized that teratogenicity of THPS(X) might be attributed to disturbances in retinol availability and/or metabolism as a result of maternal toxicity, for example, either due to insufficient dietary intake by the mothers or due to liver toxicity. Therefore, in the present study, liver toxicity and vitamin A homeostasis were studied in pregnant rabbits that were exposed to 13.8 or 46.0 mg/kg THPS during organogenesis and in precision-cut liver slices of rats and rabbits exposed to 0-70 μM THPS. Results show that in vivo exposure to THPS leads to a marked reduction of food intake, increased plasma concentrations of γ-glutamytransferase, degenerative changes in the liver and to changes in retinoid content in liver and plasma in the rabbits during organogenesis. In addition, THPS, both in vivo and ex vivo, caused a change in expression of proteins related to vitamin A metabolism and transport. Together, these observations could explain the birth defects observed in earlier teratogenicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Estrada‐Ortiz
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Viktoriia Starokozhko
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hidde van Steenwijk
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Cor van der Heide
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hjalmar Permentier
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Lisanne van Heemskerk
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Grietje Harmanna Prins
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of GroningenUniversity Medi‐cal Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of GroningenUniversity Medi‐cal Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Guy Steiblen
- Solvay, Toxicological and Environmental Risk Assessment UnitGenasFrance
| | - Antoinette de Groot
- Solvay, Toxicological and Environmental Risk Assessment UnitBruxellesBelgium
| | | | - Erik van Miert
- Solvay, Toxicological and Environmental Risk Assessment UnitBruxellesBelgium
| | - Geny Groothuis
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Inge Anne Maria de Graaf
- University Medical Center Groningen, Surgical Research LaboratoryUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands,School of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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6
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Oe M, Suzuki K, Miki K, Mu H, Ohe K. Steric Control in Activator-Induced Nucleophilic Quencher Detachment-Based Probes: High-Contrast Imaging of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 in Cancer Stem Cells. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200319. [PMID: 36416250 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Turn-on fluorescence probes can visualize the enzyme activity with high contrast. We have established a new turn-on mechanism, activator-induced nucleophilic quencher detachment (AiQd), and developed AiQd-based turn-on fluorescence probes for the detection of enzymes. Herein, we demonstrate that the precise steric control efficiently quenches the fluorescence of AiQd-based turn-on probes before the enzymatic transformation. Theoretical calculation appropriately predicted the ratio of the fluorescence-quenched closed-ring form of probes. βC5S-A, which has a sterically demanding methyl group at the β-position of a fluorescence-quenching nucleophilic mercapto group, showed a low background signal. βC5S-A responded to aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) with high selectivity, thereby enabling high-contrast live imaging of cancer stem cells (signal-to-noise ratio >10). The ALDH1A1-responsiveness of βC5S-A was not significantly affected by amino acids and biological thiols, such as cysteine and glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Oe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanae Suzuki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Miki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Huiying Mu
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouichi Ohe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Bi G, Liang J, Bian Y, Shan G, Besskaya V, Wang Q, Zhan C. The immunomodulatory role of all-trans retinoic acid in tumor microenvironment. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00860-x. [PMID: 35829844 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Retinoids are essential nutrients for human beings. Among them, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), considered one of the most active metabolites, plays important roles in multiple biological processes. ATRA regulates the transcription of target genes by interacting with nuclear receptors bonded to retinoic acid response elements (RAREs). Besides its differentiation-inducing effect in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and some solid tumor types, its immunoregulatory role in tumor microenvironment (TME) has attracted considerable attention. ATRA not only substantially abrogates the immunosuppressive effect of tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells but also activates the anti-tumor effect of CD8 + T cells. Notably, the combination of ATRA with other therapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, and chemotherapy, has been extensively investigated in a variety of tumor models and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of ATRA in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, dissect the underlying mechanisms of ATRA-mediated activation or differentiation of different types of immune cells, and explore the potential clinical significance of ATRA-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunyi Bian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyao Shan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Valeria Besskaya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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8
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Yue H, Hu Z, Hu R, Guo Z, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y. ALDH1A1 in Cancers: Bidirectional Function, Drug Resistance, and Regulatory Mechanism. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918778. [PMID: 35814382 PMCID: PMC9256994 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 family member A1(ALDH1A1) gene codes a cytoplasmic enzyme and shows vital physiological and pathophysiological functions in many areas. ALDH1A1 plays important roles in various diseases, especially in cancers. We reviewed and summarized representative correlative studies and found that ALDH1A1 could induce cancers via the maintenance of cancer stem cell properties, modification of metabolism, promotion of DNA repair. ALDH1A1 expression is regulated by several epigenetic processes. ALDH1A1 also acted as a tumor suppressor in certain cancers. The detoxification of ALDH1A1 often causes chemotherapy failure. Currently, ALDH1A1-targeted therapy is widely used in cancer treatment, but the mechanism by which ALDH1A1 regulates cancer development is not fully understood. This review will provide insight into the status of ALDH1A1 research and new viewpoint for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxun Yue
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zenan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Hu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeying Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongning Zhou, ; Yuping Wang,
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongning Zhou, ; Yuping Wang,
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9
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Gürünlüoğlu K, Dündar M, Unver T, Akpınar N, Gokce IK, Gürünlüoğlu S, Demircan M, Koc A. Global gene expression profiling in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:359-369. [PMID: 35260975 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is an anomaly characterized by a defect in the diaphragm, leading to the passage of intra-abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. Herein, the presented work analyzes the global gene expression profiles in nine CDH and one healthy newborn. All of the patients had left posterolateral (Bochdalek) diaphragmatic hernia, operated via an abdominal approach, and stomach and bowels in the thorax cavity. Some patients also had additional anomalies. A total of 560 differentially regulated genes were measured. Among them, 11 genes showed significant changes in expression associated with lung tissue, vascular structure development, and vitamin A metabolism, which are typical ontologies related to CDH etiology. Among them, SLC25A24 and RAB3IL1 are involved in angiogenesis, HIF1A and FOXC2-AS1 are related with the alveolus, MAGI2-AS3 is associated with the diaphragm, LHX4 and DHH are linked with the lung, and BRINP1, FZD9, WNT4, and BLOC1S1-RDH5 are involved in retinol. Besides, the expression levels of some previously claimed genes with CDH etiology also showed diverse expression patterns in different patients. All these indicated that CDH is a complex, multigenic anomaly, requiring holistic approaches for its elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubilay Gürünlüoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Dündar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Turgay Unver
- Ficus Biotechnology Ostim OSB Mah, Inonu University, 100. Yıl Blv. No:55 Yenimahalle, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Akpınar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ismail Kürşad Gokce
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Semra Gürünlüoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demircan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Koc
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
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10
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Pereira R, Flaherty RL, Edwards RS, Greenwood HE, Shuhendler AJ, Witney TH. A prodrug strategy for the in vivo imaging of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:561-570. [PMID: 35656483 PMCID: PMC9092432 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00040g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance is one of the biggest challenges facing clinical oncology. Despite a revolution in new anti-cancer drugs targeting multiple components of the tumour microenvironment, acquired or innate resistance frequently blunts the efficacy of these treatments. Non-invasive identification of drug-resistant tumours will enable modification of the patient treatment pathway through the selection of appropriate second-line treatments. Here, we have designed a prodrug radiotracer for the non-invasive imaging of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) activity. Elevated ALDH1A1 activity is a marker of drug-resistant cancer cells, modelled here with matched cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant human SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. The aromatic aldehyde of our prodrug radiotracer was intracellularly liberated by esterase cleavage of the geminal diacetate and specifically trapped by ALDH through its conversion to the charged carboxylic acid. Through this mechanism of action, ALDH-specific retention of our prodrug radiotracer in the drug-resistant tumour cells was twice as high as the drug-sensitive cells. Acylal masking of the aldehyde afforded a modest protection from oxidation in the blood, which was substantially improved in carrier-added experiments. In vivo positron emission tomography imaging of tumour-bearing mice produced high tumour-to-background images and radiotracer uptake in high ALDH-expressing organs but was unable to differentiate between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tumours. Alternative strategies to protect the labile aldehyde are currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pereira
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital London SE1 7EH UK +44 (0)20 7188 7188, ext. 883496
| | - Renée L Flaherty
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital London SE1 7EH UK +44 (0)20 7188 7188, ext. 883496
| | - Richard S Edwards
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital London SE1 7EH UK +44 (0)20 7188 7188, ext. 883496
| | - Hannah E Greenwood
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital London SE1 7EH UK +44 (0)20 7188 7188, ext. 883496
| | - Adam J Shuhendler
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Timothy H Witney
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital London SE1 7EH UK +44 (0)20 7188 7188, ext. 883496
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11
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Yang Z, Fang Y, Liu J, Chen A, Cheng Y, Wang Y. Moderate acidification mitigates the toxic effects of phenanthrene on the mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133783. [PMID: 35101431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater acidification and phenanthrene may result in complex adverse effects on aquatic animals. Juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) were exposed to different pH levels (7.8, 6.5, and 5.5) under phenanthrene (PHE) (0 (control) and 50 μg/L) conditions for 14 days. Antioxidant and transcriptomic responses were determined under stress conditions to evaluate the physiological adaptation of crabs. Under the control pH 7.8, PHE led to significantly reduced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), but increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. However, moderate acidification (pH 6.5) changed PHE effects by increasing antioxidant enzymes. Acidification generally reduced SOD, GPx, GST and EROD activities, but increased CAT, GR, MDA. Compared with pH7.8 group, pH7.8 × PHE and pH6.5 × PHE groups had 1148 and 1498 differentially expressed genes, respectively, with "Biological process" being the main category in the two experimental groups. pH7.8 × PHE treatment caused significant enrichment of disease and immune-related pathways, while under pH6.5 × PHE, more pathways related to metabolism, detoxification, environmental information processing, and energy supply were significantly enriched. Thus, PHE had a significant inhibitory effect on antioxidant performance in crabs, while moderate acidification (pH6.5) mitigated the toxic effects of PHE. Overall, moderate acidification has a positive effect on the defense against the negative effects of PHE in Chinese mitten crabs, and this study provides insights into the defense mechanism of crustaceans in response to combined stress of acidification and PHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yucheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Aqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Youji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Bos A, van Egmond M, Mebius R. The role of retinoic acid in the production of immunoglobulin A. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:562-572. [PMID: 35418672 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its derivative retinoic acid (RA) play important roles in the regulation of mucosal immunity. The effect of vitamin A metabolism on T lymphocyte immunity has been well documented, but its role in mucosal B lymphocyte regulation is less well described. Intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) is key in orchestrating a balanced gut microbiota composition. Here, we describe the contribution of RA to IgA class switching in tissues including the lamina propria, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches and isolated lymphoid follicles. RA can either indirectly skew T cells or directly affect B cell differentiation. IgA levels in healthy individuals are under the control of the metabolism of vitamin A, providing a steady supply of RA. However, IgA levels are altered in inflammatory bowel disease patients, making control of the metabolism of vitamin A a potential therapeutic target. Thus, dietary vitamin A is a key player in regulating IgA production within the intestine, acting via multiple immunological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Bos
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina Mebius
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Bahlool AZ, Grant C, Cryan SA, Keane J, O'Sullivan MP. All trans retinoic acid as a host-directed immunotherapy for tuberculosis. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:54-72. [PMID: 35496824 PMCID: PMC9040133 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the top bacterial infectious disease killer and one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. The emergence of strains of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has pushed our available stock of anti-TB agents to the limit of effectiveness. This has increased the urgent need to develop novel treatment strategies using currently available resources. An adjunctive, host-directed therapy (HDT) designed to act on the host, instead of the bacteria, by boosting the host immune response through activation of intracellular pathways could be the answer. The integration of multidisciplinary approaches of repurposing currently FDA-approved drugs, with a targeted drug-delivery platform is a very promising option to reduce the long timeline associated with the approval of new drugs - time that cannot be afforded given the current levels of morbidity and mortality associated with TB infection. The deficiency of vitamin A has been reported to be highly associated with the increased susceptibility of TB. All trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, has proven to be very efficacious against TB both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss and summarise the importance of vitamin A metabolites in the fight against TB and what is known regarding the molecular mechanisms of ATRA as a host-directed therapy for TB including its effect on macrophages cytokine profile and cellular pathways. Furthermore, we focus on the issues behind why previous clinical trials with vitamin A supplementation have failed, and how these issues might be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z. Bahlool
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Conor Grant
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), RCSI, Dublin and National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Mary P. O'Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
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14
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Yamashita N, So T, Miyata T, Yoshimatsu T, Nakano R, Oyama T, Matsunaga W, Gotoh A. Triple-negative expression (ALDH1A1-/CD133-/mutant p53-) cases in lung adenocarcinoma had a good prognosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1473. [PMID: 35087112 PMCID: PMC8795115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to the malignant transformation of cells because of their capacity for self-renewal. Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 are promising candidate of CSC markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, TP53 is frequently mutated in lung cancer, and the loss of its function is associated with malignant characteristics. However, the relationship between CSCs and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma is not well-established. We examined the expression of ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma patients and conducted a clinicopathological study. Triple-negative cases without ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 expression in lung adenocarcinoma were shown to have a much better prognosis than others. Our present results suggest that detection of CSC markers and mutant p53 by immunohistochemical staining may be effective in therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamashita
- Department of Education for Medical Research Base, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shin-Komonji Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya So
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shin-Komonji Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeaki Miyata
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shin-Kuki General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Ryuji Nakano
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka-Wajiro Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Oyama
- Department of Education for Medical Research Base, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan.,Imamitsu Home Care Clinic, Kitakyusyu, Japan
| | - Wataru Matsunaga
- Department of Education for Medical Research Base, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Akinobu Gotoh
- Department of Education for Medical Research Base, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan.
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15
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Bos AV, Erkelens MN, Koenders STA, van der Stelt M, van Egmond M, Mebius RE. Clickable Vitamins as a New Tool to Track Vitamin A and Retinoic Acid in Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:671283. [PMID: 34305901 PMCID: PMC8298001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.671283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin A derivative, retinoid acid (RA) is key player in guiding adaptive mucosal immune responses. However, data on the uptake and metabolism of vitamin A within human immune cells has remained largely elusive because retinoids are small, lipophilic molecules which are difficult to detect. To overcome this problem and to be able to study the effect of vitamin A metabolism in human immune cell subsets, we have synthesized novel bio-orthogonal retinoid-based probes (clickable probes), which are structurally and functionally indistinguishable from vitamin A. The probes contain a functional group (an alkyne) to conjugate to a fluorogenic dye to monitor retinoid molecules in real-time in immune cells. We demonstrate, by using flow cytometry and microscopy, that multiple immune cells have the capacity to internalize retinoids to varying degrees, including human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and naïve B lymphocytes. We observed that naïve B cells lack the enzymatic machinery to produce RA, but use exogenous retinoic acid to enhance CD38 expression. Furthermore, we showed that human DCs metabolize retinal into retinoic acid, which in co-culture with naïve B cells led to of the induction of CD38 expression. These data demonstrate that in humans, DCs can serve as an exogenous source of RA for naïve B cells. Taken together, through the use of clickable vitamins our data provide valuable insight in the mechanism of vitamin A metabolism and its importance for human adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie V Bos
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martje N Erkelens
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan T A Koenders
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Alexandre-Moreno S, Bonet-Fernández JM, Atienzar-Aroca R, Aroca-Aguilar JD, Escribano J. Null cyp1b1 Activity in Zebrafish Leads to Variable Craniofacial Defects Associated with Altered Expression of Extracellular Matrix and Lipid Metabolism Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126430. [PMID: 34208498 PMCID: PMC8234340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CYP1B1 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in oxidative metabolism of different endogenous lipids and drugs. The loss of function (LoF) of this gene underlies many cases of recessive primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), an infrequent disease and a common cause of infantile loss of vision in children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to generate a cyp1b1 knockout zebrafish model. The zebrafish line did not exhibit glaucoma-related phenotypes; however, adult mutant zebrafish presented variable craniofacial alterations, including uni- or bilateral craniofacial alterations with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Transcriptomic analyses of seven-dpf cyp1b1-KO zebrafish revealed differentially expressed genes related to extracellular matrix and cell adhesion, cell growth and proliferation, lipid metabolism and inflammation. Overall, this study provides evidence for the complexity of the phenotypes and molecular pathways associated with cyp1b1 LoF, as well as for the dysregulation of extracellular matrix gene expression as one of the mechanisms underlying cyp1b1 disruption-associated pathogenicity. Abstract CYP1B1 loss of function (LoF) is the main known genetic alteration present in recessive primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), an infrequent disease characterized by delayed embryonic development of the ocular iridocorneal angle; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. To model CYP1B1 LoF underlying PCG, we developed a cyp1b1 knockout (KO) zebrafish line using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. This line carries the c.535_667del frameshift mutation that results in the 72% mRNA reduction with the residual mRNA predicted to produce an inactive truncated protein (p.(His179Glyfs*6)). Microphthalmia and jaw maldevelopment were observed in 23% of F0 somatic mosaic mutant larvae (144 hpf). These early phenotypes were not detected in cyp1b1-KO F3 larvae (144 hpf), but 27% of adult (four months) zebrafish exhibited uni- or bilateral craniofacial alterations, indicating the existence of incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. These phenotypes increased to 86% in the adult offspring of inbred progenitors with craniofacial defects. No glaucoma-related phenotypes were observed in cyp1b1 mutants. Transcriptomic analyses of the offspring (seven dpf) of cyp1b1-KO progenitors with adult-onset craniofacial defects revealed functionally enriched differentially expressed genes related to extracellular matrix and cell adhesion, cell growth and proliferation, lipid metabolism (retinoids, steroids and fatty acids and oxidation–reduction processes that include several cytochrome P450 genes) and inflammation. In summary, this study shows the complexity of the phenotypes and molecular pathways associated with cyp1b1 LoF, with species dependency, and provides evidence for the dysregulation of extracellular matrix gene expression as one of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity associated with cyp1b1 disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Alexandre-Moreno
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain; (S.A.-M.); (J.-M.B.-F.); (R.A.-A.)
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Manuel Bonet-Fernández
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain; (S.A.-M.); (J.-M.B.-F.); (R.A.-A.)
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Atienzar-Aroca
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain; (S.A.-M.); (J.-M.B.-F.); (R.A.-A.)
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Daniel Aroca-Aguilar
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain; (S.A.-M.); (J.-M.B.-F.); (R.A.-A.)
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.-D.A.-A.); (J.E.)
| | - Julio Escribano
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain; (S.A.-M.); (J.-M.B.-F.); (R.A.-A.)
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.-D.A.-A.); (J.E.)
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17
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Peng W, Zhao ZZ, Jiao L, Wu T, Chen H, Zhang CY, Song JJ, Liu TYH, Wu LJ, Wang MJ, Chen J, Zhou Y, Ying BW. Prospective study of ALDH1A1 gene polymorphisms associated with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in western Chinese Han population. Microbiol Immunol 2021; 65:143-153. [PMID: 33527427 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI) has received increasing attention globally, which may limit the effectiveness of antituberculosis (anti-TB) treatment. Many host genetic determinants of ATDILI have been identified recently. As little knowledge is currently available about the association between aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) polymorphisms and ATDILI, the association between their variants and the susceptibility to ATDILI was investigated. A total of 747 patients with TB treated by first-line anti-TB drugs were prospectively enrolled at West China Hospital. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood sample of each patient and seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ALDH1A1 gene were screened and genotyped with a custom-designed 2×48-plex SNP Scan TM kit. The patients were followed up monthly to monitor the development of ATDILI. The C allele and the CA genotype of rs7852860 were significantly associated with an elevated risk for ATDILI (p = .006 and 0.005, respectively), which was consistent with the results in the dominant and additive models. No allele, genotype, or genetic model of the other six SNPs (rs3764435, rs348471, rs63319, rs610529, rs7027604, rs8187876) were found to be associated with susceptibility to ATDILI. The findings first demonstrate that rs7852860 variants in ALDH1A1 gene is associated with susceptibility to ATDILI in the Chinese Han population. Validation studies with larger sample sizes and other ethnic groups are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Ying Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Jia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tang-Yu-Heng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Juan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min-Jin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin-Wu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Petrosino JM, Longenecker JZ, Ramkumar S, Xu X, Dorn LE, Bratasz A, Yu L, Maurya S, Tolstikov V, Bussberg V, Janssen PM, Periasamy M, Kiebish MA, Duester G, von Lintig J, Ziouzenkova O, Accornero F. Paracardial fat remodeling affects systemic metabolism through alcohol dehydrogenase 1. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141799. [PMID: 33586683 PMCID: PMC7880313 DOI: 10.1172/jci141799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between adiposity and metabolic health is well established. However, very little is known about the fat depot, known as paracardial fat (pCF), located superior to and surrounding the heart. Here, we show that pCF remodels with aging and a high-fat diet and that the size and function of this depot are controlled by alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), an enzyme that oxidizes retinol into retinaldehyde. Elderly individuals and individuals with obesity have low ADH1 expression in pCF, and in mice, genetic ablation of Adh1 is sufficient to drive pCF accumulation, dysfunction, and global impairments in metabolic flexibility. Metabolomics analysis revealed that pCF controlled the levels of circulating metabolites affecting fatty acid biosynthesis. Also, surgical removal of the pCF depot was sufficient to rescue the impairments in cardiometabolic flexibility and fitness observed in Adh1-deficient mice. Furthermore, treatment with retinaldehyde prevented pCF remodeling in these animals. Mechanistically, we found that the ADH1/retinaldehyde pathway works by driving PGC-1α nuclear translocation and promoting mitochondrial fusion and biogenesis in the pCF depot. Together, these data demonstrate that pCF is a critical regulator of cardiometabolic fitness and that retinaldehyde and its generating enzyme ADH1 act as critical regulators of adipocyte remodeling in the pCF depot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Petrosino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob Z. Longenecker
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Xianyao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Lisa E. Dorn
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Santosh Maurya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Valerie Bussberg
- BERG, Precision Medicine Department, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul M.L. Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Gregg Duester
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ouliana Ziouzenkova
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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19
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Rampal R, Wari N, Singh AK, Das U, Bopanna S, Gupta V, Nayak B, Velapandian T, Kedia S, Kumar D, Awasthi A, Ahuja V. Retinoic Acid Is Elevated in the Mucosa of Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis and Displays a Proinflammatory Role by Augmenting IL-17 and IFNγ Production. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:74-83. [PMID: 32469071 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-trans retinoic acid (RA) plays a crucial role in promoting Foxp3+ Treg generation while reciprocally inhibiting Th1/Th17 generation. Our previous research highlighted that in the face of inflammatory conditions, RA plays a contrary role where it aggravates intestinal inflammation by promoting interferon (IFN) γ and interleukin (IL)-17 differentiation in vitro. METHODS In this study we translated our in vitro results into a clinical setting where we estimated mucosal and serum RA levels along with the immunophenotypic profile (IL-17, IFNγ, Foxp3, IL-10) in adaptive (CD4, CD8) and innate-like T cells (mucosal associated invariant T cells and γδ T cells) in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission or with active inflammation. RESULTS This is the first study to estimate RA levels in the human gut and shows that patients with active disease had increased mucosal RA levels as compared with patients in remission (4.0 vs 2.5 ng/mL; P < 0.01) and control patients (3.4 vs 0.8 ng/mL; P < 0.0001). This effect was accompanied by significantly elevated IL-17 and IFNγ in tissue CD4+, CD8+, mucosal associated invariant T+ cells, and γδ + T cells. Moreover, the raised RA levels in patients with active disease showed a positive correlation with proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IFNγ) and a negative correlation with IL-10. We also found that RA negatively correlated with IL-9, thereby reinstating our previous finding that RA inhibits Th9 differentiation. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm our previous in vitro results that in the presence of inflammation, RA plays a crucial role in maintaining gut inflammation by upregulating proinflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Rampal
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nahidul Wari
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ujjwalkumar Das
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology, Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sawan Bopanna
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Baibaswata Nayak
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T Velapandian
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology, Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Cellular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Centre for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Heath Science and Technology Institute, Haryana, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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20
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Zhang J, Cai B, Ma M, Luo W, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Nie Q. ALDH1A1 Inhibits Chicken Preadipocytes' Proliferation and Differentiation via the PPARγ Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093150. [PMID: 32365706 PMCID: PMC7246604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1) is a crucial protein in retinoids’ metabolism, and the lack of ALDH1A1 inhibits the fat deposition in mice. However, whether ALDH1A1 has a similar effect on chickens’ fat-depot is still unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of ALDH1A1 in chickens’ adipogenesis. The immortalized chicken preadipocyte 1 (ICP1) cell line and chicken primary preadipocytes isolated from abdominal fat were used to perform a series of experiments in vitro to elucidate the effects of ALDH1A1. In addition, lentivirus was used to verify the results of cell experiments in vivo. The data showed that overexpression of ALDH1A1 significantly weakened the proliferation of preadipocytes and suppressed the differentiation of preadipocytes through the PPARγ pathway, and the knockdown experiments had the opposite results. Moreover, chickens injected with overexpression lentivirus had higher abdominal fat percentage, a bigger size of lipid droplets, and higher triglyceride content in abdominal fat, and chickens injected with interfering lentivirus had the opposite situation. We proved that ALDH1A1 not only inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of chickens’ preadipocytes in vitro, but also inhibited the fat-depot of chickens in vivo, which was completely opposite the function of ALDH1A1 in mice, indicating that ALDH1A1 may have a different mechanism that is still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Bolin Cai
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Manting Ma
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zipeng Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (J.Z.); (B.C.); (M.M.); (W.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85285759; Fax: +86-20-85280740
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21
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Maguire M, Larsen MC, Vezina CM, Quadro L, Kim YK, Tanumihardjo SA, Jefcoate CR. Cyp1b1 directs Srebp-mediated cholesterol and retinoid synthesis in perinatal liver; Association with retinoic acid activity during fetal development. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228436. [PMID: 32027669 PMCID: PMC7004353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytochrome P450 1b1 (Cyp1b1) deletion and dietary retinol deficiency during pregnancy (GVAD) affect perinatal liver functions regulated by Srebp. Cyp1b1 is not expressed in perinatal liver but appears in the E9.5 embryo, close to sites of retinoic acid (RA) signaling. Hypothesis Parallel effects of Cyp1b1 and retinol on postnatal Srebp derive from effects in the developing liver or systemic signaling. Approach Cluster postnatal increases in hepatic genes in relation to effects of GVAD or Cyp1b1 deletion. Sort expression changes in relation to genes regulated by Srebp1 and Srebp2.Test these treatments on embryos at E9.5, examining changes at the site of liver initiation. Use in situ hybridization to resolve effects on mRNA distributions of Aldh1a2 and Cyp26a1 (RA homeostasis); Hoxb1 and Pax6 (RA targets). Assess mice lacking Lrat and Rbp4 (DKO mice) that severely limits retinol supply to embryos. Results At birth, GVAD and Cyp1b1 deletion stimulate gene markers of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation but also suppress Hamp. These treatments then selectively prevent the postnatal onset of genes that synthesize cholesterol (Hmgcr, Sqle) and fatty acids (Fasn, Scd1), but also direct cholesterol transport (Ldlr, Pcsk9, Stard4) and retinoid synthesis (Aldh1a1, Rdh11). Extensive support by Cyp1b1 is implicated, but with distinct GVAD interventions for Srebp1 and Srebp2. At E9.5, Cyp1b1 is expressed in the septum transversum mesenchyme (STM) with β-carotene oxygenase (Bco1) that generates retinaldehyde. STM provides progenitors for the HSC and supports liver expansion. GVAD and Cyp1b1-/- do not affect RA-dependent Hoxb1 and Pax6. In DKO embryos, RA-dependent Cyp26a1 is lost but Hoxb1 is sustained with Cyp1b1 at multiple sites. Conclusion Cyp1b1-/- suppresses genes supported by Srebp. GVAD effects distinguish Srebp1 and Srebp2 mediation. Srebp regulation overlaps appreciably in cholesterol and retinoid homeostasis. Bco1/Cyp1b1 partnership in the STM may contribute to this later liver regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Maguire
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Loredana Quadro
- Department of Food Science and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Youn-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | | | - Colin R. Jefcoate
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- * E-mail:
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22
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Pequerul R, Vera J, Giménez-Dejoz J, Crespo I, Coines J, Porté S, Rovira C, Parés X, Farrés J. Structural and kinetic features of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A (ALDH1A) subfamily members, cancer stem cell markers active in retinoic acid biosynthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 681:108256. [PMID: 31923393 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases catalyze the NAD(P)+-dependent oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The three-dimensional structures of the human ALDH1A enzymes were recently obtained, while a complete kinetic characterization of them, under the same experimental conditions, is lacking. We show that the three enzymes, ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2 and ALDH1A3, have similar topologies, although with decreasing volumes in their substrate-binding pockets. The activity with aliphatic and retinoid aldehydes was characterized side-by-side, using an improved HPLC-based method for retinaldehyde. Hexanal was the most efficient substrate. ALDH1A1 displayed lower Km values with hexanal, trans-2-hexenal and citral, compared to ALDH1A2 and ALDH1A3. ALDH1A2 was the best enzyme for the lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, in terms of kcat/Km. The catalytic efficiency towards all-trans and 9-cis-retinaldehyde was in general lower than for alkanals and alkenals. ALDH1A2 and ALDH1A3 showed higher catalytic efficiency for all-trans-retinaldehyde. The lower specificity of ALDH1A3 for 9-cis-retinaldehyde against the all-trans- isomer might be related to the smaller volume of its substrate-binding pocket. Magnesium inhibited ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2, while it activated ALDH1A3, which is consistent with cofactor dissociation being the rate-limiting step for ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2, and deacylation for ALDH1A3, with hexanal as a substrate. We mutated both ALDH1A1 (L114P) and ALDH1A2 (N475G, A476V, L477V, N478S) to mimic their counterpart substrate-binding pockets. ALDH1A1 specificity for citral was traced to residue 114 and to residues 458 to 461. Regarding retinaldehyde, the mutants did not show significant differences with their respective wild-type forms, suggesting that the mutated residues are not critical for retinoid specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pequerul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Vera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Giménez-Dejoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidro Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Coines
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Rovira
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Reay WR, Cairns MJ. The role of the retinoids in schizophrenia: genomic and clinical perspectives. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:706-718. [PMID: 31666680 PMCID: PMC7156347 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signalling by retinoid compounds is vital for embryonic development, with particular importance for neurogenesis in the human brain. Retinoids, metabolites of vitamin A, exert influence over the expression of thousands of transcripts genome wide, and thus, act as master regulators of many important biological processes. A significant body of evidence in the literature now supports dysregulation of the retinoid system as being involved in the aetiology of schizophrenia. This includes mechanistic insights from large-scale genomic, transcriptomic and, proteomic studies, which implicate disruption of disparate aspects of retinoid biology such as transport, metabolism, and signalling. As a result, retinoids may present a valuable clinical opportunity in schizophrenia via novel pharmacotherapies and dietary intervention. Further work, however, is required to expand on the largely observational data collected thus far and confirm causality. This review will highlight the fundamentals of retinoid biology and examine the evidence for retinoid dysregulation in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Reay
- 0000 0000 8831 109Xgrid.266842.cSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cCentre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- 0000 0000 8831 109Xgrid.266842.cSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cCentre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW Australia
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24
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Zheng J, Taylor B, Dodge J, Stephans A, Zheng SG, Chen Q, Chen X. Radiation and host retinoic acid signaling promote the induction of gut-homing donor T cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:64-74. [PMID: 31207088 PMCID: PMC6918002 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a devastating complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although it has been well established that gut-tropic donor T cells expressing integrin α4β7 are required to cause intestinal damage, the factors that control the induction of this pathogenic T cell population remain to be identified. Retinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in inducing α4β7 expression on T cells. In this study, we showed that gene expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase, the key enzyme involved in RA biosynthesis, is significantly increased in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of irradiated mice. In a C57BL/6-into-B6D2F1 allogeneic HSCT model, irradiation significantly increased the induction of α4β7+ -donor T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen. Furthermore, we found that the RA pathway modulates the ability of dendritic cells to imprint gut-homing specificity on alloreactive T cells. We also showed that host dendritic cell RA signaling influences GVHD risk. Our studies identified radiation and recipient RA signaling as 2 primary factors that dictate the magnitude of gut-homing donor T cell induction after allogeneic HSCT. Attenuating radiation-associated inflammation and modulating host RA signaling represent feasible strategies to mitigate intestinal GVHD by reducing gut-seeking pathogenic donor T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zheng
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;,Department of Oncology, the Union Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Brian Taylor
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Joseph Dodge
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Allison Stephans
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University School of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Union Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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25
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Omran Z, Sheikh R, Baothman OA, Zamzami MA, Alarjah M. Repurposing Disulfiram as an Anti-Obesity Drug: Treating and Preventing Obesity in High-Fat-Fed Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1473-1480. [PMID: 32440176 PMCID: PMC7210036 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s254267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A drug repurposing strategy is an approach for identifying new therapeutic uses for approved or investigational drugs. Thanks to the moderate cost of repurposing a drug compared to bringing new chemical entity to the market, drug repurposing is rapidly gaining ground. The aim of this work is to study the anti-obesity effect of disulfiram (DSF), an irreversible aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat chronic alcoholism since 1951. METHODS Thirty male Albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups. G1, the control group, was given a standard diet. G2, the positive control group, was given a high-fat diet (HFD). G3 was given an HFD, and DSF 50 mg/kg/day was administered orally from day one for six weeks. G4 was given an HFD, and DSF 200 mg/kg/day was administered orally from day one for six weeks. G5 was given an HFD for six weeks; then treatment started with 50 mg/kg/day DSF orally. G6 was given an HFD for six weeks; then treatment started with 200 mg/kg/day DSF orally for three weeks. The body weight, food consumption and blood glucose levels were monitored over the given time interval. RESULTS Both doses of DSF significantly limited the body weight gain caused by an HFD for the treated animals. HF-fed rats received 50 and 200 mg/kg/day of DSF had their body weight increased by 51.93 ± 7.89% and 20.88 ± 15.05% respectively, whereas the body weight of control animals increased by 93.1 ± 20.04%. DSF also significantly decreased the body weight of obese animals. At 50 and 200 mg/kg/day of DSF, HF-fed rats lost 16.74 ± 8.61% and 23.9 ± 3.93% respectively, as their untreated counterparts had their body weight increased by 11.85 ± 3.79% after three weeks of treatment, thus restoring a body weight matching those who received a standard diet. CONCLUSION FDA-approved disulfiram has a strong anti-obesity effect on HFD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Omran
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah21955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Ziad Omran College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyya, Makkah21955, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaTel +966 5 46461441 Email
| | - Ryan Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Baothman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Alarjah
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah21955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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26
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Koenders SA, Wijaya LS, Erkelens MN, Bakker AT, van der Noord VE, van Rooden EJ, Burggraaff L, Putter PC, Botter E, Wals K, van den Elst H, den Dulk H, Florea BI, van de Water B, van Westen GJP, Mebius RE, Overkleeft HS, Le Dévédec SE, van der Stelt M. Development of a Retinal-Based Probe for the Profiling of Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenases in Cancer Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1965-1974. [PMID: 31893226 PMCID: PMC6936097 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Retinaldehyde dehydrogenases belong to a superfamily of enzymes that regulate cell differentiation and are responsible for detoxification of anticancer drugs. Chemical tools and methods are of great utility to visualize and quantify aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity in health and disease. Here, we present the discovery of a first-in-class chemical probe based on retinal, the endogenous substrate of retinal ALDHs. We unveil the utility of this probe in quantitating ALDH isozyme activity in a panel of cancer cells via both fluorescence and chemical proteomic approaches. We demonstrate that our probe is superior to the widely used ALDEFLUOR assay to explain the ability of breast cancer (stem) cells to produce all-trans retinoic acid. Furthermore, our probe revealed the cellular selectivity profile of an advanced ALDH1A1 inhibitor, thereby prompting us to investigate the nature of its cytotoxicity. Our results showcase the application of substrate-based probes in interrogating pathologically relevant enzyme activities. They also highlight the general power of chemical proteomics in driving the discovery of new biological insights and its utility to guide drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan
T. A. Koenders
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht 3521 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas S. Wijaya
- Cancer
Therapeutics and Drug Safety, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Martje N. Erkelens
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centra, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander T. Bakker
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Vera E. van der Noord
- Cancer
Therapeutics and Drug Safety, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Eva J. van Rooden
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Lindsey Burggraaff
- Computational
Drug Discovery, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic
Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Pasquale C. Putter
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Else Botter
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Wals
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht 3521 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van den Elst
- Department
of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Hans den Dulk
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan I. Florea
- Department
of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Cancer
Therapeutics and Drug Safety, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. P. van Westen
- Computational
Drug Discovery, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic
Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Reina E. Mebius
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centra, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Department
of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia E. Le Dévédec
- Cancer
Therapeutics and Drug Safety, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht 3521 AL, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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27
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Yang C, Sun X, Wang H, Lu T, Wu K, Guan Y, Tang J, Liang J, Sun R, Guo Z, Zheng S, Wu X, Jiang H, Jiang X, Zhong B, Niu X, Sun S, Wang X, Chen M, Fu G. Metabolomic profiling identifies novel biomarkers and mechanisms in human bladder cancer treated with submucosal injection of gemcitabine. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1952-1962. [PMID: 31545404 PMCID: PMC6777689 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common urinary tract malignancy with frequent recurrences after initial resection. Submucosal injection of gemcitabine prior to transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) may prevent recurrence of urothelial cancer. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive mass spectrometry was used to profile tissue metabolites from 12 BCa patients. The 48 samples included pre- and post-gemcitabine treatment BCa tissues, as well as adjacent normal tissues. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the metabolic profiles of pre-gemcitabine BCa tissues differed significantly from those of pre-gemcitabine normal tissues. A total of 34 significantly altered metabolites were further analyzed. Pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst identified three metabolic pathways closely associated with BCa, including glutathione, purine and thiamine metabolism, while gluta-thione metabolism was also identified by the enrichment analysis using MetaboAnalyst. In search of the possible targets of gemcitabine, metabolite profiles were compared between the pre-gemcitabine normal and post-gemcitabine BCa tissues. Among the 34 metabolites associated with BCa, the levels of bilirubin and retinal recovered in BCa tissues treated with gemcitabine. When comparing normal bladder tissues with and without gemcitabine treatment, among the 34 metabolites associated with BCa, it was observed that histamine change may be associated with the prevention of relapse, whereas thiamine change may be involved in possible side effects. Therefore, by employing a hypothesis-free tissue-based metabolomics study, the present study investigated the metabolic signatures of BCa and found that bilirubin and retinal may be involved in the mechanism underlying the biomolecular action of submucosal injection of gemcitabine in urothelial BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Hengbing Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Keqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liang
- Center of Reproduction and Genetic, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zhongying Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Sinian Zheng
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Hesong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Suan Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Guangbo Fu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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28
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Cardeña-Núñez S, Sánchez-Guardado LÓ, Hidalgo-Sánchez M. Cyp1B1 expression patterns in the developing chick inner ear. Dev Dyn 2019; 249:410-424. [PMID: 31400045 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in organogenesis as a paracrine signal through transcriptional regulation of an increasing number of known downstream target genes, regulating cell proliferation, and differentiation. During the development of the inner ear, RA directly governs the morphogenesis and specification processes mainly by means of RA-synthesizing retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes. Interestingly, CYP1B1, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, is able to mediate the oxidative metabolisms also leading to RA generation, its expression patterns being associated with many known sites of RA activity. RESULTS This study describes for the first time the presence of CYP1B1 in the developing chick inner ear as a RALDH-independent RA-signaling mechanism. In our in situ hybridization analysis, Cyp1B1 expression was first observed in a domain located in the ventromedial wall of the otic anlagen, being included within the rostralmost aspect of an Fgf10-positive pan-sensory domain. As development proceeds, all identified Fgf10-positive areas were Cyp1B1 stained, with all sensory patches being Cyp1B1 positive at stage HH34, except the macula neglecta. CONCLUSIONS Cyp1B1 expression suggested a possible contribution of CYP1B1 action in the specification of the lateral-to-medial and dorsal-to-ventral axes of the developing chick inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Cardeña-Núñez
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Luis Ó Sánchez-Guardado
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Matías Hidalgo-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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29
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Chien HT, Young CK, Chen TP, Liao CT, Wang HM, Cheng SD, Huang SF. Alcohol-metabolizing Enzymes' Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Multiple Head and Neck Cancers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:247-254. [PMID: 30842089 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple primary tumors (MPT), especially in the hypopharynx and esophagus, are challenging in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Alcohol and alcohol-metabolizing genes were reported to be related to upper digestive tract cancers. Here, we investigated whether the genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes (ADH1B, ADH1C, and ALDH2) affected patients' susceptibility to developing MPTs. We recruited 659 male patients with HNC between March 1996 and February 2017. Age- and gender-matched controls were also recruited. A total of 164 patients with HNC were identified to have second or third malignancies. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms in ADH1B (rs1229984), ADH1C (rs698), and ALDH2 (rs671) were analyzed by TaqMan assays. The prevalence of ALDH2 *2 allele carriers is significantly higher than that of *1*1 homozygotes for oral cavity (P = 0.013) and oropharyngeal cancers (P = 0.012). For ADH1B, the number of *1 allele carriers is significantly higher than that of *2*2 homozygotes for oropharyngeal (P = 0.017) and hypopharyngeal cancers (P < 0.001). ADH1C (rs698) SNPs are not significantly associated with tumor subsites (all P > 0.05). Polymorphisms in ALDH2 (*2 allele carriers) and ADH1B (*1 allele carriers) significantly increase the risk of developing MPTs in the upper digestive tract [P < 0.001, OR (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.186 (2.444-11.004) and P < 0.05, OR (95% CI): 2.093 (1.149-3.812), respectively]. ALDH2 (rs671) *2 and ADH1B (rs1229984) *1 allele carriers were shown to develop MPTs in the upper digestive tract. Genetic information may be used to identify high-risk patients for the development of MPTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Tzu Chien
- Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuang Young
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Medical College, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- Medical College, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sou-De Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Fu Huang
- Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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30
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Abstract
Granulocytes are the major type of phagocytes constituting the front line of innate immune defense against bacterial infection. In adults, granulocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance in human society. Excessive alcohol consumption injures hematopoietic tissue, impairing bone marrow production of granulocytes through disrupting homeostasis of granulopoiesis and the granulopoietic response. Because of the compromised immune defense function, alcohol abusers are susceptible to infectious diseases, particularly septic infection. Alcoholic patients with septic infection and granulocytopenia have an exceedingly high mortality rate. Treatment of serious infection in alcoholic patients with bone marrow inhibition continues to be a major challenge. Excessive alcohol consumption also causes diseases in other organ systems, particularly severe alcoholic hepatitis which is life threatening. Corticosteroids are the only therapeutic option for improving short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. The existence of advanced alcoholic liver diseases and administration of corticosteroids make it more difficult to treat serious infection in alcoholic patients with the disorder of granulopoieis. This article reviews the recent development in understanding alcohol-induced disruption of marrow granulopoiesis and the granulopoietic response with the focus on progress in delineating cell signaling mechanisms underlying the alcohol-induced injury to hematopoietic tissue. Efforts in exploring effective therapy to improve patient care in this field will also be discussed.
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31
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Nakamura J, Sato Y, Kitai Y, Wajima S, Yamamoto S, Oguchi A, Yamada R, Kaneko K, Kondo M, Uchino E, Tsuchida J, Hirano K, Sharma K, Kohno K, Yanagita M. Myofibroblasts acquire retinoic acid-producing ability during fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition following kidney injury. Kidney Int 2019; 95:526-539. [PMID: 30661714 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis are the hallmarks of chronic kidney disease. While recent studies have verified that proximal tubular injury triggers interstitial fibrosis, the impact of fibrosis on tubular injury and regeneration remains poorly understood. We generated a novel mouse model expressing diphtheria toxin receptor on renal fibroblasts to allow for the selective disruption of renal fibroblast function. Administration of diphtheria toxin induced upregulation of the tubular injury marker Ngal and caused tubular proliferation in healthy kidneys, whereas administration of diphtheria toxin attenuated tubular regeneration in fibrotic kidneys. Microarray analysis revealed down-regulation of the retinol biosynthesis pathway in diphtheria toxin-treated kidneys. Healthy proximal tubules expressed retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2), a rate-limiting enzyme in retinoic acid biosynthesis. After injury, proximal tubules lost RALDH2 expression, whereas renal fibroblasts acquired strong expression of RALDH2 during the transition to myofibroblasts in several models of kidney injury. The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) RARγ was expressed in proximal tubules both with and without injury, and αB-crystallin, the product of an RAR target gene, was strongly expressed in proximal tubules after injury. Furthermore, BMS493, an inverse agonist of RARs, significantly attenuated tubular proliferation in vitro. In human biopsy tissue from patients with IgA nephropathy, detection of RALDH2 in the interstitium correlated with older age and lower kidney function. These results suggest a role of retinoic acid signaling and cross-talk between fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells during tubular injury and regeneration, and may suggest a beneficial effect of fibrosis in the early response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Nakamura
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; TMK Project, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kitai
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Wajima
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Nephrology Research Laboratories, Nephrology R&D Unit, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Oguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamada
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kaneko
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makiko Kondo
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Uchino
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Tsuchida
- TMK Project, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Research Unit/Nephrological & Endocrinological Science, Sohyaku, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keita Hirano
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio
| | - Kenji Kohno
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Research Initiatives, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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32
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Pereira R, Gendron T, Sanghera C, Greenwood HE, Newcombe J, McCormick PN, Sander K, Topf M, Årstad E, Witney TH. Mapping Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 Activity using an [ 18 F]Substrate-Based Approach. Chemistry 2019; 25:2345-2351. [PMID: 30521138 PMCID: PMC6379060 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Elevated ALDH expression in human cancers is linked to metastases and poor overall survival. Despite ALDH being a poor prognostic factor, the non-invasive assessment of ALDH activity in vivo has not been possible due to a lack of sensitive and translational imaging agents. Presented in this report are the synthesis and biological evaluation of ALDH1A1-selective chemical probes composed of an aromatic aldehyde derived from N,N-diethylamino benzaldehyde (DEAB) linked to a fluorinated pyridine ring either via an amide or amine linkage. Of the focused library of compounds evaluated, N-ethyl-6-(fluoro)-N-(4-formylbenzyl)nicotinamide 4 b was found to have excellent affinity and isozyme selectivity for ALDH1A1 in vitro. Following 18 F-fluorination, [18 F]4 b was taken up by colorectal tumor cells and trapped through the conversion to its 18 F-labeled carboxylate product under the action of ALDH. In vivo positron emission tomography revealed high uptake of [18 F]4 b in the lungs and liver, with radioactivity cleared through the urinary tract. Oxidation of [18 F]4 b, however, was observed in vivo, which may limit the tissue penetration of this first-in-class radiotracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pereira
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Current address: Department of Imaging Chemistry & BiologyKing's College London, St. Thomas' HospitalLondonSE1 7EHUK
| | - Thibault Gendron
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Chandan Sanghera
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Current address: Department of Imaging Chemistry & BiologyKing's College London, St. Thomas' HospitalLondonSE1 7EHUK
| | - Hannah E. Greenwood
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Current address: Department of Imaging Chemistry & BiologyKing's College London, St. Thomas' HospitalLondonSE1 7EHUK
| | - Joseph Newcombe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
- Department of Biological Sciences, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonMalet StreetLondonWC1E 7HXUK
| | - Patrick N. McCormick
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Current address: Department of Imaging Chemistry & BiologyKing's College London, St. Thomas' HospitalLondonSE1 7EHUK
| | - Kerstin Sander
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Maya Topf
- Department of Biological Sciences, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonMalet StreetLondonWC1E 7HXUK
| | - Erik Årstad
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Timothy H. Witney
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Current address: Department of Imaging Chemistry & BiologyKing's College London, St. Thomas' HospitalLondonSE1 7EHUK
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33
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Vassalli G. Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: Not Just Markers, but Functional Regulators of Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:3904645. [PMID: 30733805 PMCID: PMC6348814 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3904645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a superfamily of enzymes that detoxify a variety of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes and are required for the biosynthesis of retinoic acid (RA) and other molecular regulators of cellular function. Over the past decade, high ALDH activity has been increasingly used as a selectable marker for normal cell populations enriched in stem and progenitor cells, as well as for cell populations from cancer tissues enriched in tumor-initiating stem-like cells. Mounting evidence suggests that ALDH not only may be used as a marker for stem cells but also may well regulate cellular functions related to self-renewal, expansion, differentiation, and resistance to drugs and radiation. ALDH exerts its functional actions partly through RA biosynthesis, as all-trans RA reverses the functional effects of pharmacological inhibition or genetic suppression of ALDH activity in many cell types in vitro. There is substantial evidence to suggest that the role of ALDH as a stem cell marker comes down to the specific isoform(s) expressed in a particular tissue. Much emphasis has been placed on the ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 members of the ALDH1 family of cytosolic enzymes required for RA biosynthesis. ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 regulate cellular function in both normal stem cells and tumor-initiating stem-like cells, promoting tumor growth and resistance to drugs and radiation. An improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which ALDH regulates cellular function will likely open new avenues in many fields, especially in tissue regeneration and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vassalli
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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34
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Toledo-Guzmán ME, Hernández MI, Gómez-Gallegos ÁA, Ortiz-Sánchez E. ALDH as a Stem Cell Marker in Solid Tumors. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:375-388. [PMID: 30095061 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180810120012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is an enzyme that participates in important cellular mechanisms as aldehyde detoxification and retinoic acid synthesis; moreover, ALDH activity is involved in drug resistance, a characteristic of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Even though ALDH is found in stem cells, CSCs and progenitor cells, this enzyme has been successfully used to identify and isolate cell populations with CSC properties from several tumor origins. ALDH is allegedly involved in cell differentiation through its product, retinoic acid. However, direct or indirect ALDH inhibition, using specific inhibitors or retinoic acid, has shown a reduction in ALDH activity, along with the loss of stem cell traits, reduction of cell proliferation, invasion, and drug sensitization. For these reasons, ALDH and retinoic acid are promising therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the current evidence for ALDH as a CSCs marker in solid tumors, as well as current knowledge about the functional roles of ALDH in CSCs. We discuss the controversy of ALDH activity to maintain CSC stemness, or conversely, to promote cell differentiation. Finally, we review the advances in using ALDH inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel E Toledo-Guzmán
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Laboratorio de Terapia Genica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Posgrado de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Av San Fernando 22, Colonia Seccion XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ibañez Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Laboratorio de Terapia Genica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Posgrado de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ángel A Gómez-Gallegos
- Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Av San Fernando 22, Colonia Seccion XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Av San Fernando 22, Colonia Seccion XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
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35
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Farmahin R, Gannon AM, Gagné R, Rowan-Carroll A, Kuo B, Williams A, Curran I, Yauk CL. Hepatic transcriptional dose-response analysis of male and female Fischer rats exposed to hexabromocyclododecane. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 133:110262. [PMID: 30594549 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant found in the environment and human tissues. The toxicological effects of HBCD exposure are not clearly understood. We employed whole-genome RNA-sequencing on liver samples from male and female Fischer rats exposed to 0, 250, 1250, and 5000 mg technical mixture of HBCD/kg diet for 28 days to gain further insight into HBCD toxicity. HBCD altered 428 and 250 gene transcripts in males and females, respectively, which were involved in metabolism of xenobiotics, oxidative stress, immune response, metabolism of glucose and lipids, circadian regulation, cell cycle, fibrotic activity, and hormonal balance. Signature analysis supported that HBCD operates through the constitutive androstane and pregnane X receptors. The median transcriptomic benchmark dose (BMD) for the lowest statistically significant pathway was within 1.5-fold of the BMD for increased liver weight, while the BMD for the lowest pathway with at least three modeled genes (minimum 5% of pathway) was similar to the lowest apical endpoint BMD. The results show how transcriptional analyses can inform mechanisms underlying chemical toxicity and the doses at which potentially adverse effects occur. This experiment is part of a larger study exploring the use of toxicogenomics and high-throughput screening for human health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Farmahin
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Anne Marie Gannon
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Rémi Gagné
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrea Rowan-Carroll
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Byron Kuo
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ivan Curran
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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Takitani K, Kishi K, Miyazaki H, Koh M, Tamaki H, Inoue A, Tamai H. Altered Expression of Retinol Metabolism-Related Genes in an ANIT-Induced Cholestasis Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113337. [PMID: 30373117 PMCID: PMC6274878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is defined as a reduction of bile secretion caused by a dysfunction of bile formation. Insufficient bile secretion into the intestine undermines the formation of micelles, which may result in the reduced absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Here, we investigated the retinol homeostasis and the alterations of retinol metabolism-related genes, including β-carotene 15,15′ monooxygenase (BCMO), lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1), and retinoic acid receptors (RAR) β, in a α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis rat model. Moreover, we examined the expression of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) target genes. Our results showed that plasma retinol levels were decreased in ANIT rats compared to control rats. On the contrary, hepatic retinol levels were not different between the two groups. The expression of FXR target genes in the liver and intestine of cholestasis model rats was repressed. The BCMO expression was decreased in the liver and increased in the intestine of ANIT rats compared to control rats. Finally, the hepatic expression of LRAT, RARβ, and ALDH1A1 in cholestatic rats was decreased compared to the control rats, while the CYP26A1 expression of the liver was not altered. The increased expression of intestinal BCMO in cholestasis model rats might compensate for decreased circulatory retinol levels. The BCMO expression might be regulated in a tissue-specific manner to maintain the homeostasis of retinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitaka Takitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kanta Kishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Maki Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tamaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Shinseikai Daiichi Hospital, Aichi 468-0031, Japan.
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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Smith JN, Walker HM, Thompson H, Collinson JM, Vargesson N, Erskine L. Lens-regulated retinoic acid signalling controls expansion of the developing eye. Development 2018; 145:145/19/dev167171. [PMID: 30305274 DOI: 10.1242/dev.167171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Absence of the developing lens results in severe eye defects, including substantial reductions in eye size. How the lens controls eye expansion and the underlying signalling pathways are very poorly defined. We identified RDH10, a gene crucial for retinoic acid synthesis during embryogenesis, as a key factor downregulated in the peripheral retina (presumptive ciliary body region) of lens-removed embryonic chicken eyes prior to overt reductions in eye size. This is associated with a significant decrease in retinoic acid synthesis by lens-removed eyes. Restoring retinoic acid signalling in lens-removed eyes by implanting beads soaked in retinoic acid or retinal, but not vitamin A, rescued eye size. Conversely, blocking retinoic acid synthesis decreased eye size in lens-containing eyes. Production of collagen II and collagen IX, which are major vitreal proteins, is also regulated by the lens and retinoic acid signalling. These data mechanistically link the known roles of both the lens and retinoic acid in normal eye development, and support a model whereby retinoic acid production by the peripheral retina acts downstream of the lens to support vitreous production and eye expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan N Smith
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Heather M Walker
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Hannah Thompson
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Kings College, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - J Martin Collinson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Neil Vargesson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Lynda Erskine
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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38
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Bi W, Liu Y, Guo J, Lin Z, Liu J, Zhou M, Wismeijer D, Pathak JL, Wu G. All-trans retinoic-acid inhibits heterodimeric bone morphogenetic protein 2/7-stimulated osteoclastogenesis, and resorption activity. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:48. [PMID: 30159139 PMCID: PMC6107948 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone regenerative heterodimeric bone morphogenetic protein 2/7 (BMP2/7) enhances but all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits osteoclastogenesis. However, the effect of ATRA on physiological and/or BMP2/7-induced osteoclastogenesis in still unclear. In this study, we aimed to test the effect of combined treatment of BMP2/7 and ATRA on osteoclastogenesis, and resorption activity. Results All-trans retinoic acid (1 µM) ± BMP2/7 (5 or 50 ng/ml) was added in murine pre-osteoclasts cell line RAW264.7 or mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMM) cultures. Osteoclast marker gene expression, osteoclastogenesis, and resorption activity were analyzed. BMP2/7 robustly enhanced osteoclast maker gene expression, osteoclastogenesis, and resorption activity. Interestingly, ATRA completely inhibited osteoclast formation in presence or absence of BMP2/7. Pan-antagonist of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and antagonist of RARα, β or γ failed to reverse the inhibitory effect of ATRA on osteoclastogenesis. ATRA strongly inhibited Rank and Nfatc1 expression. Conclusions All-trans retinoic acid inhibits BMP2/7-induced osteoclastogenesis, and resorption activity possibly via RANKL-RANK pathway. Our findings from previous and current study suggest that combination of ATRA and BMP2/7 could be a novel approach to treat hyperactive osteoclast-induced bone loss such as in inflammation-induced severe osteoporosis and bone loss caused by cancer metastasis to bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Bi
- 1School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- 2Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,3Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Guo
- 2Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- 4Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- 5School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- 2Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Wismeijer
- 3Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janak L Pathak
- 2Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- 3Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Xu J, Zhang M, Zhang X, Yang H, Sun B, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wang S, Liu X, Liu L. Contribution of Hepatic Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Induction to Impairment of Glucose Metabolism by High-Fat-Diet Feeding in C57BL/6J Mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:539-548. [PMID: 29753302 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with overexpression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1). We aimed to investigate the roles of hepatic RALDH1 induction in glucose metabolism impairment using mice fed with high-fat-diet (HFD). Mice were fed with HFD for 8 weeks and treated with RALDH inhibitor citral for another 4 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), pyruvate tolerance test (PTT) and insulin tolerance test were performed. Expressions of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), glucokinase (GCK) and RALDH1 were measured. Therapeutic effects of citral were also documented in diabetic rats. Effects of retinaldehyde on PCK1 and GCK expressions were examined in rat primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. The results showed that HFD mice were characterized by hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance, accompanied by significantly increased RALDH1 activity and expression. Citral (10 and 50 mg/kg) ameliorated HFD-induced hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance, as demonstrated by the improved fasting glucose, insulin levels and lipid profiles. OGTT and PTT demonstrated that citral reversed HFD-induced glucose disposal impairment and glucose production enhancement. Citral also reversed the increased PCK1 expression and decreased GCK expression by HFD. Citral therapeutic effects were reconfirmed in diabetic rats. In vitro data indicated that retinaldehyde had the strongest PCK1 induction in primary hepatocytes of diabetic rats compared with HFD rats and control rats, in line with the increased RALDH1 expression. Citral reversed the retinaldehyde-induced PCK1 expression in primary rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, RALDH1 induction impaired glucose metabolism partly via modulating PCK1 and GCK expressions. Citral improved glucose metabolism through inhibiting RALDH activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Xu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongjian Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhou
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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40
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Xu S, Zhang X, Liu P. Lipid droplet proteins and metabolic diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1968-1983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Yang Y, Luo J, Yu D, Zhang T, Lin Q, Li Q, Wu X, Su Z, Zhang Q, Xiang Q, Huang Y. Vitamin A Promotes Leydig Cell Differentiation via Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:644. [PMID: 30420837 PMCID: PMC6216111 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is important for multiple functions in mammals. In testis, the role of vitamin A in the regulation of testicular functions is clearly involved in rodents. It is essential for sperm production. Vitamin A deficiency adversely affects testosterone secretion. Adult Leydig cells are responsible for testosterone production in male. The role of vitamin A in regulating the differentiation of Leydig cells is still unknown. In this study, we explored the roles and underlying mechanisms of vitamin A in Leydig cell differentiation. We found that vitamin A could regulate the Leydig cells differentiation. Leydig cell differentiation is adversely affected in mice maintained on a vitamin A-free diet. This effect is mediated by alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1). ADH1 could increase retinoic acid (RA) synthesis, then RA facilitates Leydig cell differentiation by activating the steroidogenic factor 1 gene (Nr5a1) promoter activity, which consequently promotes Leydig cell specific gene expression, resulting in progenitor Leydig cells differentiation into functional Leydig cells. This is the first study connecting a metabolic enzyme of retinol (ADH1) to the the regulation of Leydig cell differentiation, which will provide experimental evidence for the development of therapeutics to promote Leydig regeneration through the administration of a RA signaling regulator or a vitamin A supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilian Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xupeng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yadong Huang
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42
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Tomita H, Tanaka K, Tanaka T, Hara A. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 in stem cells and cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11018-32. [PMID: 26783961 PMCID: PMC4905455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome contains 19 putatively functional aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes, which encode enzymes critical for detoxification of endogenous and exogenous aldehyde substrates through NAD(P)+-dependent oxidation. ALDH1 has three main isotypes, ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, and ALDH1A3, and is a marker of normal tissue stem cells (SC) and cancer stem cells (CSC), where it is involved in self-renewal, differentiation and self-protection. Experiments with murine and human cells indicate that ALDH1 activity, predominantly attributed to isotype ALDH1A1, is tissue- and cancer-specific. High ALDH1 activity and ALDH1A1 overexpression are associated with poor cancer prognosis, though high ALDH1 and ALDH1A1 levels do not always correlate with highly malignant phenotypes and poor clinical outcome. In cancer therapy, ALDH1A1 provides a useful therapeutic CSC target in tissue types that normally do not express high levels of ALDH1A1, including breast, lung, esophagus, colon and stomach. Here we review the functions and mechanisms of ALDH1A1, the key ALDH isozyme linked to SC populations and an important contributor to CSC function in cancers, and we outline its potential in future anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Division of Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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43
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Kouwenhoven WM, von Oerthel L, Smidt MP. Pitx3 and En1 determine the size and molecular programming of the dopaminergic neuronal pool. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182421. [PMID: 28800615 PMCID: PMC5553812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesodiencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons are located in the ventral midbrain. These neurons form the substantia nigra (SNc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Two transcription factors that play important roles in the process of terminal differentiation and subset-specification of mdDA neurons, are paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 (Pitx3), and homeobox transcription factor Engrailed 1 (En1). We previously investigated the single Pitx3KO and En1KO and observed important changes in the survival of mdDA neurons of the SNc and VTA as well as altered expression of pivotal rostral- and caudal-markers, Ahd2 and Cck, respectively. To refine our understanding of the regional-specific relationships between En1 and Pitx3 and their (combined) role in the programming mdDA neurons on the rostral-to-caudal axis, we created double En1tm1Alj/tm1Alj;Pitx3gfp/gfp (En1KO;Pitx3GFP/GFP) animals. Here we report, that in absence of En1 and Pitx3, only a limited number of mdDA neurons are present at E14.5. These mdDA neurons have a rudimentary dopaminergic cell fate, as they express Nurr1, Pbx3 and Otx2 but have lost their rostral or caudal subset identity. Furthermore, we report that the expression of Cck depends on En1 expression, while (in contrast) both Pitx3 and En1 are involved in the initiation of Ahd2 expression. Thus we reveal in this manuscript that regulated levels of Pitx3 and En1 control the size and rostral/caudal-identity of the mdDA neuronal population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars von Oerthel
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marten P. Smidt
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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44
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Rabionet M, Yeste M, Puig T, Ciurana J. Electrospinning PCL Scaffolds Manufacture for Three-Dimensional Breast Cancer Cell Culture. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E328. [PMID: 30971005 PMCID: PMC6418676 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro cell culture is traditionally performed within two-dimensional (2D) environments, providing a quick and cheap way to study cell properties in a laboratory. However, 2D systems differ from the in vivo environment and may not mimic the physiological cell behavior realistically. For instance, 2D culture models are thought to induce cancer stem cells (CSCs) differentiation, a rare cancer cell subpopulation responsible for tumor initiation and relapse. This fact hinders the development of therapeutic strategies for tumors with a high relapse percentage, such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Thus, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have emerged as an attractive alternative to monolayer culture, simulating the extracellular matrix structure and maintaining the differentiation state of cells. In this work, scaffolds were fabricated through electrospinning different poly(ε-caprolactone)-acetone solutions. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) meshes were seeded with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and 15% PCL scaffolds displayed significantly (p < 0.05) higher cell proliferation and elongation than the other culture systems. Moreover, cells cultured on PCL scaffolds exhibited higher mammosphere forming capacity and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity than 2D-cultured cells, indicating a breast CSCs enrichment. These results prove the powerful capability of electrospinning technology in terms of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibers fabrication. In addition, this study has demonstrated that electrospun 15% PCL scaffolds are suitable tools to culture breast cancer cells in a more physiological way and to expand the niche of breast CSCs. In conclusion, three-dimensional cell culture using PCL scaffolds could be useful to study cancer stem cell behavior and may also trigger the development of new specific targets against such malignant subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Rabionet
- New Therapeutic Targets Laboratory (TargetsLab)-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 77, 17003 Girona, Spain.
- Product, Process and Production Engineering Research Group (GREP), Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Construction, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Pic de Peguera 15, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Teresa Puig
- New Therapeutic Targets Laboratory (TargetsLab)-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 77, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Ciurana
- Product, Process and Production Engineering Research Group (GREP), Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Construction, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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45
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Datta S, Annapure US, Timson DJ. Different specificities of two aldehyde dehydrogenases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160529. [PMID: 28126723 PMCID: PMC5483954 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases play crucial roles in the detoxification of exogenous and endogenous aldehydes by catalysing their oxidation to carboxylic acid counterparts. The present study reports characterization of two such isoenzymes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (NCYC 3264), one mitochondrial (Ald4p) and one cytosolic (Ald6p). Both Ald4p and Ald6p were oligomeric in solution and demonstrated positive kinetic cooperativity towards aldehyde substrates. Wild-type Ald6p showed activity only with aliphatic aldehydes. Ald4p, on the contrary, showed activity with benzaldehyde along with a limited range of aliphatic aldehydes. Inspection of modelled structure of Ald6p revealed that a bulky amino acid residue (Met177, compared with the equivalent residue Leu196 in Ald4p) might cause steric hindrance of cyclic substrates. Therefore, we hypothesized that specificities of the two isoenzymes towards aldehyde substrates were partly driven by steric hindrance in the active site. A variant of wild-type Ald6p with the Met177 residue replaced by a valine was also characterized to address to the hypothesis. It showed an increased specificity range and a gain of activity towards cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde. It also demonstrated an increased thermal stability when compared with both the wild-types. These data suggest that steric bulk in the active site of yeast aldehyde dehydrogenases is partially responsible for controlling specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprama Datta
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Uday S Annapure
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - David J Timson
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
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Ozaki R, Kuroda K, Ikemoto Y, Ochiai A, Matsumoto A, Kumakiri J, Kitade M, Itakura A, Muter J, Brosens JJ, Takeda S. Reprogramming of the retinoic acid pathway in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173035. [PMID: 28253328 PMCID: PMC5333850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon breaching of the endometrial surface epithelium, the implanting embryo embeds in the decidualizing stroma. Retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, is an important morphogen during embryonic and fetal development, although the role of the RA pathway in the surrounding decidual cells is not understood. Here we show that decidual transformation of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) results in profound reprogramming of the RA signaling and metabolism pathways. Differentiating HESCs downregulate the intracellular carrier proteins CRABP2 and FABP5, responsible for transfer and binding of RA to the nuclear receptors RAR and PPARβ/δ, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of RAR, the receptor that mediates the pro-apoptotic effects of RA, was also inhibited. By contrast, PPARβ/δ, which transduces the differentiation responses of RA, was upregulated. Decidualization was also associated with increased expression of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and various enzymes involved in the metabolism of RA and its precursor, retinaldehyde (Rald), including CYP26A1, DHRS3, and RDH12. Exposure of differentiating HESCs to RA or Rald reversed the inhibition of the CRABP2-RAR pathway, perturbed the expression of decidual marker genes and triggered cell death. Taken together, the data demonstrate that decidualizing HESCs silence RA signaling by downregulating key cytoplasmic binding proteins and by increasing retinoid metabolism. However, excessive RA exposure is toxic for decidual cells and triggers a response that may lead to pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Ozaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Kuroda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuko Ikemoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Ochiai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kumakiri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Kitade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Itakura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joanne Muter
- The Division of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Science Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jan J Brosens
- The Division of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Science Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Tommy’s National Miscarriage Research Centre, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Saeed A, Hoekstra M, Hoeke MO, Heegsma J, Faber KN. The interrelationship between bile acid and vitamin A homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:496-512. [PMID: 28111285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin important for vision, reproduction, embryonic development, cell differentiation, epithelial barrier function and adequate immune responses. Efficient absorption of dietary vitamin A depends on the fat-solubilizing properties of bile acids. Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and maintained in an enterohepatic circulation. The liver is also the main storage site for vitamin A in the mammalian body, where an intimate collaboration between hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells leads to the accumulation of retinyl esters in large cytoplasmic lipid droplet hepatic stellate cells. Chronic liver diseases are often characterized by disturbed bile acid and vitamin A homeostasis, where bile production is impaired and hepatic stellate cells lose their vitamin A in a transdifferentiation process to myofibroblasts, cells that produce excessive extracellular matrix proteins leading to fibrosis. Chronic liver diseases thus may lead to vitamin A deficiency. Recent data reveal an intricate crosstalk between vitamin A metabolites and bile acids, in part via the Retinoic Acid Receptor (RAR), Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) and the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), in maintaining vitamin A and bile acid homeostasis. Here, we provide an overview of the various levels of "communication" between vitamin A metabolites and bile acids and its relevance for the treatment of chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Molecular biology & Bio-technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Mark Hoekstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn Oscar Hoeke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Erkelens MN, Mebius RE. Retinoic Acid and Immune Homeostasis: A Balancing Act. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:168-180. [PMID: 28094101 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the immune system, the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) is known for its role in inducing gut-homing molecules in T and B cells, inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs), and promoting tolerance. However, it was suggested that RA can have a broad spectrum of effector functions depending on the local microenvironment. Under specific conditions, RA can also promote an inflammatory environment. We discuss the dual role of RA in immune responses and how this might be regulated. Furthermore, we focus on the role of RA in autoimmune diseases and whether RA might be used as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martje N Erkelens
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Juskiewicz J, Jankowski J, Zielinski H, Zdunczyk Z, Mikulski D, Antoszkiewicz Z, Kosmala M, Zdunczyk P. The Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stability of Meat from Turkeys Fed Diets Enriched with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Dried Fruit Pomaces as a Source of Polyphenols. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170074. [PMID: 28076425 PMCID: PMC5226801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of different dietary fruit pomaces in reducing lipid oxidation in the meat of turkeys fed diets with a high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Over a period of 4 weeks before slaughter, turkeys were fed diets with the addition of 5% dried apple, blackcurrant, strawberry and seedless strawberry pomaces (groups AP, BP, SP and SSP, respectively) and 2.5% linseed oil. Pomaces differed in the content (from 5.5 in AP to 43.1 mg/g in SSP) and composition of polyphenols Proanthocyanidins were the main polyphenolic fraction in all pomaces, AP contained flavone glycosides and dihydrochalcones, BP contained anthocyanins, and SP and SSP-ellagitannins. The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in all diets was comparable and lower than 2:1. In comparison with groups C and AP, the percentage of n-3 PUFAs in the total fatty acid pool of white meat from the breast muscles of turkeys in groups BP, SP and SSP was significantly higher, proportionally to the higher content of α-linolenic acid in berry pomaces. The fatty acid profile of dark meat from thigh muscles, including the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, was similar and lower than 3:1 in all groups. Vitamin A levels in raw breast muscles were higher in group AP than in groups C and BP (P<0.05). The addition of fruit pomaces to turkey diets lowered vitamin E concentrations (P = 0.001) in raw breast muscles relative to group C. Diets supplemented with fruit pomaces significantly lowered the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in raw, frozen and cooked meat. Our results indicate that the dietary application of dried fruit pomaces increases the oxidative stability of meat from turkeys fed linseed oil, and strawberry pomace exerted the most desirable effects due to its highest polyphenol content and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Juskiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Henryk Zielinski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zenon Zdunczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Mikulski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zofia Antoszkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Food Management, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Kosmala
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Zdunczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Overcoming Therapeutic Resistance of Bone Sarcomas: Overview of the Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets for Bone Sarcoma Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2603092. [PMID: 28115942 PMCID: PMC5223039 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2603092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are heterogeneous malignant tumors that exhibit clinical, histological, and molecular heterogeneity. Recent progress in their multimodal treatment has gradually improved patient prognosis; however, drug resistance and distant metastasis remain unresolved clinical problems. Recent investigations have suggested the existence of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in bone sarcomas, which represent a subpopulation of tumor cells with high tumor-forming ability. The hallmarks of CSCs include tumor- and metastasis-forming potential and drug resistance, which are responsible for poor prognoses of bone sarcoma patients. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of CSCs and identification of therapeutic targets could contribute to novel treatment strategies for bone sarcomas and improve patient prognosis. This paper provides an overview of the accumulating knowledge on bone sarcoma stem cells and preclinical analyses to overcome their lethal phenotypes, in addition to a discussion of their potential for novel therapeutics for bone sarcomas.
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